Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NEW BUSINESS
This booklet provides you with a clear and comprehensive checklist of the
activities you need to undertake. It also helps you to identify the various
entities that you will need to contact as part of the setting up process of the
new business.
! This signifies a ‘Hint’ or a ‘Suggestion’
In addition it provides you with hints on specific issues that you need to be
aware of when embarking on your new start-up journey.
! This signifies a ‘Stop’ or a ‘Major Issue’ that requires special attention
and which needs to be tackled before proceeding.
1 2
The First Steps
Starting and managing a business demands motivation, desire and talent. It Stage 2
also requires market research and good planning. Next you need to determine what business is "right for you." Ask yourself
these questions:
Being successful in a small business can only be achieved if you take the
correct actions in the right manner from the very start of your new business • What am I good at?
• What do others think that I am good at?
journey.
• Do I have a pastime or hobby that is marketable?
• Do I have the support of my family?
When starting a business some initial mistakes are inevitable. While these may
not necessarily prove fatal, it would be a lot better to spend time and effort in Stage 3
careful planning than in correcting mistakes. You need to identify the niche or special need that your business will fill:
If you want to succeed, you need to spend the time to explore and evaluate • What sort of business am I interested in starting?
your personal and business objectives. You need to be very clear in what you • What services or products will I be selling?
want to achieve both personally as well as in your chosen business.
Stage 4
You will then need to carry out the necessary research to answer these questions:
Once you are clear on your personal and business objectives, you can then use
this information to build a comprehensive and well-prepared plan of action • Is my idea practical?
that will help you reach these goals. • Is there a need for my services or products?
• Can I create a demand for my business?
The first steps in setting up a new business are the most crucial ones. These • Can I deliver a quality service or product?
can determine the success or failure of your new venture. Certain important • What is my competition?
• What is my advantage over the competition?
points which you need to consider have been listed on the following pages.
Stage 5
The final step before moving on to develop your plan is to carry out a pre-
Business Plan checklist. You need to answer these questions:
! The process of developing a Business Plan will help you think through
some important issues that you may not yet have considered. Your
Business Plan is a valuable tool not only to help you to raise money
but also to serve as your map on the road to success.
• What skills and experience do I bring to the new business?
• What will my legal structure be?
• What will I name my business?
• How will my business records be maintained?
• Do I need insurance cover?
Stage 1 • What equipment and supplies will be needed?
Before starting out, list your reasons for wanting to go into business. • Do I need to employ people?
Some of the most common reasons for starting a business are: • Do I need to engage external providers of services?
• What financing will I need?
• Where will I locate my business?
• You want to be your own boss
• How will I get paid?
• You want financial independence
• You want creative freedom Your answers will help you create a focused, well-researched plan of action
• You want to use your skills and knowledge for your own gain that should serve you as a map for success.
3 4
The Startup Mentor
When you are setting up your new business you will definitely need some
advice on the best available options for your new initiative.
You will need to know what entities to contact and what you need to do to
comply with the current laws and regulations that affect your particular
! Do not use someone as an advisor just because “he has been in
business for quite some time!”
This does not assure you that you will get good advice. You may
actually be getting advice that is out of date. This could put you in an
business activities. irregular position with the authorities regarding compliance with the
latest regulations.
A reliable advisor, who is capable of giving the right advice and assistance, is
essential. A good advisor will be happy to offer you sound advice during your
start-up process; however, the quality of this advice will depend on the
completeness and accuracy of the information that you provide.
THE MENTOR / ADVISOR
There are various firms as well as individuals who can provide you with excellent
advice and mentoring when you are starting a new business.
CHOOSING YOUR MENTOR
You have various choices open to you ranging from qualified individuals to
What to look for large firms. Your choice will be determined by the size of your business, the
When selecting your mentor / advisor you should check that the advisor: level of service you require and the budget you have allocated for such services.
!
• Has experience with businesses such as your own
Talk to the firms or individuals whom you think would be suitable
• Is informed on local laws and regulations
for you.
• Is really interested in helping you and not just looking at you as another
source of revenue Choose the one whom you feel most comfortable with.
• Will be available not only during the initial planning but also during the
first crucial months of your new venture
Whom to choose
When it comes to choosing a suitable advisor who has experience with assisting
business start-ups, you would probably be best served by someone who is:
5 6
The Legal Format
When you come to set up your new business you will need to decide what 2. Partnerships
legal format you want to operate under. This is one of the most important Partners need to register with the Inland Revenue as self-employed. It is
decisions you need to take at an early stage as this will determine how you wise to seek the advice of a lawyer and form a 'deed of Partnership'.
will operate your business in the future.
Liability: If the business fails, then the owners are fully
THE LEGAL FORMATS responsible for all the business debts.
The most common legal formats for businesses are: Management: The partners share responsibility for controlling the
business.
• Sole Trader Finance: Generally, the partners’ private funds provide the
• Partnerships Company’s finances.
• Private Limited Liability Companies Profits: All profits are shared between the partners (as
• Cooperatives agreed within the 'deed of Partnership').
Taxes: Self-employed status. Even if the partners do not
To determine what legal format is best for you, you need, first of all, to draw on the profits they are still taxed. Losses can be
understand some of the basic differences namely: offset against tax on other income.
Liability: If the business fails, then the owner is fully Liability: The shareholders' personal assets are protected if the
responsi ble for all the business debts. business fails (Limited Liability). The shareholders can
Management: The owner is solely responsible for controlling the only lose what they have put into the business.
business. The owner’s word is final. Management: The business is controlled by the Board of Directors.
Finance: Normally, the owner's personal money. Each director is held personally responsible for its
Profits: All profits go to the owner. management and must act in the Company's best
Taxes: Self-employed status. Even if the owner does not interests.
draw on the profits they are still taxed. Losses can be Finance: Generally, the shareholders’ private funds and/or
offset against tax on other income. bank facilities provide the Company’s finances.
Profits: Dividends are paid to the shareholders.
Taxes: The Company pays taxes on its profits. All employees
and directors pay taxes on income earned through
wages, salaries or other forms of remuneration.
7 8
4. Cooperatives
A Cooperative is similar to a Company but its employees, or a large
percentage of them, own the Company. A Cooperative cannot just start
operating but needs to follow a predefined process of registration and
set-up (please refer to the section ‘Register the Company’ on page 17). It
should be noted that a Co-operative is a legal entity in its own right.
The legal format of your new business should be reflected in your Business
Plan and the strategies contained therein. Please refer to the next section for
more details about the Business Plan.
9
The Business Plan
One of the most important cornerstones of starting a business is the Business
Plan. Business planning is a process that every enterprise should undertake as
it provides the basis for sound management.
The plan should detail how the business will be operated, managed and
! What is actually included in each specific Business Plan depends a
lot on the type of business and the industry it intends to operate in.
This is particularly true of the financial details section of the plan.
funded. It should be your blueprint for all your activities not only during the
Once you have completed your Business Plan, review it with a friend or business
start-up phase; but also throughout the lifetime of your business.
associate. When you feel comfortable with the content and structure, make an
appointment to review and discuss it with your business advisor.
ELEMENTS OF A BUSINESS PLAN
The cardinal elements of the Business Plan are:
You may want to seek external assistance with the preparation of the Business
Plan. Malta Enterprise offers guidelines and guidance on preparing a solid
• The Marketing Plan
Business Plan with all its essential components.
• The Operations Plan
• The Human Resources Plan
• The Financial Plan
Appendices can be included in the Business Plan and should cover supporting
documents, market research findings and financial projections.
! It is important to note that a Business Plan is not intended just to help
you acquire funds from the bank, or as a document required by some
agencies to provide you with assistance.
1. Executive Summary
2. Mission Statement
3. Table of Contents
4. Description Of Product or Service
5. The Marketing Plan
6. The Operations Plan
7. The Human Resources Plan
8. The Financial Plan
9. Strategic Options
10. Milestone Schedule
11. Supporting Documents
11 12
Bank Facilities
One of the first actions you need to take when starting a new business is to
set up banking facilities. These facilities can be listed as follows:
! You should not arrange any facilities with the bank until you have
completed your Business Plan. Only then will you be in a position to
really know what bank facilities you actually require.
SAVINGS OR TERM ACCOUNTS
You may also need to think about having a different account to hold funds that
are being kept in reserve for special reasons. Such accounts could be used for:
Most bank managers would want to see your Business Plan before
• Payments on account from clients;
taking decisions on what facilities to offer.
• Depositing money held as a reserve;
• Reserving money to pay taxes such as VAT or National Insurance contributions.
At some point you will need to choose a bank. There are a number of local As a minimum you would normally want to have at least one ‘savings account’
banks offering similar services. However, each bank offers these services under or ‘term account’ for such use.
different terms and conditions. Therefore, when selecting a bank it is
important to ask: SPECIAL FACILITIES
Every business needs working capital in order to have enough disposable
• Can you convince them that you are serious about your business? funds available for operating the business until it starts generating sufficient
• Do you feel comfortable with the selected bank? revenues. There are various ways in which you can acquire such working capital.
• What are their charges and do they offer facilities for start-ups?
• What facilities are they prepared to offer you? Overdrafts and loans
• What rates of interest will they charge? One-way of acquiring the necessary working capital would be to get a ‘Loan’
or an ‘Overdraft Facility’ from your bank. The one that is most appropriate for
It is definitely important that you select the bank carefully and that you are you depends on your specific circumstances and on what facilities the bank is
aware of these differences before you decide on which bank to use. prepared to offer.
13 14
Seed and venture capital
Certain new businesses need a substantial injection of capital to be able to get
the business off the ground. There could be, for example, unexpected delays
between the start of operations and the generation of revenue. In such cases
you must ensure that you have access to sufficient funds until you become
! You will need to open this account in order to deposit the paid-up
share capital into it before you register the Company.
fully operational. The money that you deposit into this account will be made available for your
normal business activities after you have registered the Company.
Therefore, you may need to acquire ‘Seed Capital’ or ‘Venture Capital’ from
‘Venture Capitalists’ or ‘Business Angels’. Malta Enterprise can advise you on
what would be the best approach if you need to acquire such capital.
! A copy of the ‘Company in Formation Account’ deposit slip will need
to be attached to the ‘Company Registration Application Form’ when
this is presented to the Registry of Companies at MFSA.
! You will definitely need to have a solid Business Plan if you think that
you may need to obtain Venture or Seed Capital.
BANK TIPS
OTHER Before you go to the bank and meet the bank manager, you need to be well
prepared. Here are a number of tips that you should remember.
Bank cards
You could also apply for a debit and/or a credit card specifically for your • Present yourself positively and demonstrate your commitment and
business activities. This helps you to keep business transactions made by credit enthusiasm for your business.
/debit card separate from your personal ones. • You will need to explain in detail the reasons why you are seeking bank
funding. This will enable the bank to inform you of the most appropriate
type of funding to meet your business' needs.
15 16
Register the Company
The operations and activities of companies operating in Malta are regulated The entrance to the Registry of Companies (ROC) is situated at the back of the
by the Companies Act of 1998 which stipulates, amongst other things, that all MFSA building. When you go to the ROC you will need to take with you:
companies in Malta must be registered with the ‘Registry of Companies’.
• A copy of the ‘Memorandum and Articles of Association’
If you have decided to set up your new business as a Limited Liability • A copy of the bank’s ‘Company in Formation’ account deposit slip
Company, there are a number of the key points that you will need to consider. • A copy of the passport or some other official document of identification
(if the application is being made by an individual)
PREPARING TO REGISTER THE COMPANY • A copy of a certificate confirming the existence of the entity (if the
application is being submitted by a Company or other entity)
Prior to registering a Company, you need to consider and carry out the following:
A staff member at the ROC will help you to fill in the appropriate application
1. Define who the ‘shareholders’ will be form, which will then be forwarded to the Registry for vetting. This normally
2. Define the ‘share capital’ of the Company takes around four working days unless problems are encountered during the
3. Determine how much the ‘paid up share capital’ will be vetting process.
4. Determine who the ‘directors’ of the Company will be
5. Determine who the ‘Company secretary’ will be As part of the application process you should order at least four ‘certified
6. Define what the main ‘lines of business’ for the new Company will be copies’ of the Company’s ‘Memorandum and Articles’, which will be issued by
7. Choose a 'registered office' the ROC. You will need these copies for various purposes such as:
8. Choose a Company name
9. Prepare the ‘Memorandum of Association’ • Opening Company bank accounts.
10. Prepare the ‘Articles of Association’ • Registering for VAT.
• Your own Company records.
Once you have taken care of the above you are ready to register the Company. Once the application has been vetted, you can then pick up the ‘Company
Registration Certificate’ and the ‘certified copies’ from the ‘Registry of Companies’.
Company applications are made at:
Registrar of Companies
Registry of Companies
Malta Financial Services Authority
Attard
17 18
Register with the ETC
When you are starting a new business you will need to inform the THE FORMS
Employment and Training Corporation (ETC) of the change in your employment
status. This is done by filling in the relevant declaration form. Getting the forms
The relevant Employment and Training Corporation application forms may be
DECLARATION OF COMMENCEMENT OF EMPLOYMENT obtained from the:
! You will need to ensure that the relevant application forms are sent in
to ETC prior to commencement of employment. These forms must be
received by ETC by the first date of employment.
MALTA
If you are being employed for the first time then you will need:
!
Employment forms can be sent in electronic format through the
• A birth certificate from the Public Registry ETC web site at www.etc.org.mt.
• Your identity card
To use this service you will need to first register by filling in the
• Forms NI 3 and NI 5 from the Department of Social Security
registration form in the Membership Section.
(Maltese nationals only)
• A Maltese person under 21 years of age but holding dual nationality
requires a Certificate of Nationality from the Department of Citizenship
and Expatriate Affairs
• A non-Maltese national requires
i. An Employment Licence from the Department of Citizenship and
Expatriate Affairs
ii. A Certificate of Exemption from Social Security Contributions by the
Department of Social Security
19 20
Register with Inland Revenue
REGISTERING YOURSELF Alternatively, you can also contact the:
21 22
Having financial information in an ordered format allows the Inland Revenue Starting your reporting
Department (IRD) to process returns more quickly and enhances the On completion of your employment registration with the Inland Revenue
development of tax policies and legislation by the Ministry of Finance. Department you are required to immediately send to the Inland Revenue
Department an FS4 form for each person that you intend to employ.
Make sure that you account for your financial information in a way that is
compatible with the TIFD to avoid having to rework your data to comply with When you deduct FSS tax and Social Security Contributions (SSC) you need to
the new requirements. submit the amounts due to the Department together with the FS5 form by the
end of the following month.
It is advisable to speak to your accountant about how to best record your
financial information in line the TIFD requirements.
!
Other reports and payments (such as Provisional Tax and FSS
& SSC) are to be sent to the Inland Revenue Department at periodic
EMPLOYING STAFF
intervals. Make sure to get the relevant details from the Department’s
Customer Care and Employment Section when registering.
Application
If you are going to employ persons, then you have to submit an ‘Employer
Registration Form’ to the Inland Revenue Department. This application should
be addressed to:
Employment Section
Block 3
Inland Revenue Department
Floriana
After you have completed this application you will be given an employer’s ‘PE
Number’, which you should quote on all FS4, FS5, FS3 and FS7 forms when you
are required to send such forms to the Inland Revenue Department. (please
refer also to the section on ‘Starting your reporting’ on page 24).
Employee deductions
As an employer you are required to deduct FSS tax and Social Security
Contributions (SSC) from the employees’ wages or salaries. You will need to
get the relevant details from the Employment Section when you apply for
the ‘PE Number’.
23 24
Register with the VAT Office
All entities, including Partnerships, Companies or individuals must register with Application for VAT registrations should be made at:
the VAT office to comply with the local Value Added Tax legislation of 1998.
MALTA GOZO
REGISTERING FOR VAT
VAT Department VAT Office
Anyone registering for VAT 16, Centre Point Building Triq Enrico Mizzi
When you go to register with the VAT office you will need: Triq ta' Paris Victoria VCT 10
Birkirkara CMR 02
• A legal identification document (I.D. card / passport)
• An outline of your new business and what activities you plan to undertake A business is allowed to opt for registration as an exempt person when the
• The date when business activities started or will start turnover of the business is below the thresholds established by law.
• The planned turnover of the business
The turnover of a business is the total value of sales, excluding:
Registering a Partnership
• Exempt without credit supplies
• You will need to have the ‘Particulars of Partners Form’ (Form 005/99) filled • The transfer of a business as a going concern
in prior to applying at the VAT office. • The sale of fixed assets
• Supplies made to the business and deemed to be made by that business
Registering a Limited Liability Company under the reverse charge provisions
• A copy of the Articles of Association may be required The three applicable thresholds are:
• The Inland Revenue ‘Company Number’
• Lm 6,000 in the case of a service provider, where the value of the service
has a very high content of value added, i.e. the value of the goods
!
You must register with the VAT Office within 30 days from when you
incorporated with the supply are minimal, e.g. services of an accountant
start your business activity.
or a lawyer
• Lm 10,000 in the case of a service provider where the value of the service
There is a penalty for those who do not register within this
time period. includes goods which are incorporated in the value of that service, e.g. an
electrician or catering services
• Lm 15,000 in the case of suppliers of goods
25 26
IF YOU ARE ALREADY VAT REGISTERED
Even though you may already be VAT registered it is important that you verify
whether you need to register again for the purpose of your new business venture.
If the new business activity will be carried out under a new Limited Liability
Company, then a new registration is required.
REPORTING
Individuals or entities that are VAT registered have to regularly send in a VAT
Return that would include the total sales, purchases and VAT credit or payable
amounts. This declaration would normally have to be sent in every 4 months
unless otherwise indicated by the VAT office.
For further details on VAT reporting you should obtain a copy on how to
complete the VAT Return form (Form 007/99). This is available from the VAT
Office itself or can be downloaded from their website at: www.vat.gov.mt
FURTHER DETAILS
There may be other factors under the VAT regulations that have direct bearing
on you as an individual or on your business. It is therefore advisable to consult
the VAT Office on your specific circumstances and on how you should register
yourself or your Company / Partnership.
Specific answers to frequently asked questions (FAQ) can be found on the VAT
Office web site at: www.vat.gov.mt/faq_eng.asp
27
Obtain a Trading Licence Import/Export Licences
All businesses need to apply for a Trading Licence from the Trade If as part of your new business you are planning to import or export items
Licensing Directorate. such as:
Certain types of businesses, such as manufacturing and engineering works • Raw Materials
need special permits and have to comply with specific regulations relating to • Goods or Products
environmental and waste control before they are issued with a Trading Licence. • Machinery
• Semi-finished Goods
You can get further details relating to your specific licensing needs from: • Etc.
Trade Services Directorate Then you will need to obtain an Import or Export Licence for the above items
Commerce Division before you can proceed with your import or export activities.
Lascaris
Valletta You should submit the application for an Import or Export Licence as early as
possible, before you make any contractual commitment.
Or by visiting the relevant web site at:
www.mcmp.gov.mt/commerce_trade06.asp In certain cases special import or export authorisations are required before
obtaining the relevant licences, which authorisations are normally valid for 1 year.
The Directorate also produces a number of booklets and other related material,
which covers matters regarding trade licensing. These are available from the You can get further details relating to your specific needs from:
above addresses.
Trade Services Directorate
Commerce Division
Lascaris
Valletta
29 30
Planning Permits
Planning permits from the Malta Environment and Planning Authority (MEPA) ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING
relate to the type of operation that any business is engaged in. These can vary
from “change of use” for existing premises to completely fresh permits for Whatever the nature of your new business you will need to comply with the
new sites. These permits take into account various factors ranging from Environmental and Planning Regulations currently in force such as:
parking facilities to environmental issues.
• Building Planning Regulations
THE NEW BUSINESS • Integrated Pollution Prevention & Control Regulations
• Waste Management Regulations
In the process of setting up your new business activity you may be: • Protection of Waters against Pollution
31 32
Accounting Assistance Data Protection
All businesses, irrespective of their size, have to comply with various financial In May 2002, Government enacted the Data Protection Act of 2002, which is
regulations and requirements. For example you will have to regularly send in aimed at protecting and controlling the use of personal information.
fiscal reports to the VAT Department about the VAT collected from your sales,
or for refunds of VAT paid on purchases. Even small businesses have to comply Basically, this new legislation requires that:
with these regulations.
• Personal information is only gathered for a specific purpose.
If you have set up your business as a Company then you will need to prepare • The individual about whom information is obtained knows that you are
accounts and yearly financial statements that must comply with the current gathering and storing information about him or her.
accounting standards. Additionally, when you come to report to the Inland • The personal information is used only for the purpose for which it
Revenue, your system must comply with the new tax reporting structure (the was obtained.
‘TIFD’ format). • Personal information is not passed on to third parties without the
individual’s consent.
If you have loan or overdraft facilities, the banks will also need to regularly • Individuals have access to the personal information retained by others.
know how your business is performing. Besides all this, the need for up-to-date • Use and access to personal information is controlled.
financial information is essential for good business management.
The Data Protection Act only covers information about persons and does not
To ensure that you have the correct financial information for the purposes of cover commercial entities. However, it may still have some bearing on your
Tax, VAT, Banks etc. you will need the services of an accountant. business activities as, from time to time, you may need to obtain data on
individual clients or the staff that you may need to employ.
If you are starting a small business then you will probably need the
accountant’s services only on a part-time basis. You may require these services It is best that you seek professional advice on the question of compliance with
more regularly if you are setting up a large business. the Data Protection Act.
There are various suitably qualified freelance accountants whom you can
engage. Alternatively, you may prefer to go to an accountancy firm and
request them to provide you with the required services. This depends on your
budget and size of business.
Finding the right financial advisor is essential and Malta Enterprise can help
you with identifying suitable individuals or firms who can provide you with
accountancy services.
!
Talk to various accountants and see how you feel about them.
Then select the one you feel most comfortable with.
33 34
IT & Communications
No business can operate efficiently and effectively without proper Information Mobile phones
Technology (IT) and Communication facilities. Many businesses today need to have their key staff accessible via a mobile
telephone. You need to consider this option and decide whether you want your
Below you will find a basic outline of what IT and Communication facilities customers and suppliers to be able to contact you at any time and anywhere.
you may require when you set up your new business.
Fax
It is highly recommended that you acquire the services of a professional IT Although there are various alternatives to FAX, most businesses still need to
advisor who can give you the right advice on the options available regarding send and receive faxes.
both hardware and software requirements.
The most straightforward solution is to buy a FAX machine from one of the
Finding the right advisor is essential and Malta Enterprise can help you with local office equipment suppliers. There are various makes and models all with
identifying suitable companies and individuals who can provide you with an different facilities. You should look around for the right type for your specific
unbiased professional advice in this field. needs as prices can vary a lot depending on the features available.
TELECOMMUNICATIONS With FAX machines today, you have the facility of using the same telephone
line for voice as well as fax communication. If you want to operate the FAX
Telephones separately from your telephone, then you should apply for a separate fax line
To obtain a new service or to transfer an existing service to your new business, from Maltacom when you apply for your telephone connection.
you need to apply at Maltacom’s main centre at:
E-mail
One Stop Centre E-Mail is a messaging facility that allows you to send messages, letters,
St. Francis Centre documents and any other electronic material to practically anywhere around
Floriana the globe. At the same time e-mail provides an easy way for your customers
and suppliers to communicate with you at any time or day.
Or, alternatively, you may go to one of Maltacom’s branch offices.
Depending upon your specific line of business, having an e-mail address can
If your business is going to employ a number of people, then you may also be as important as having a letterbox, telephone and fax combined.
want to consider installing a small multi-line automatic telephone switching
system (or what was known as a PABX). This may be purchased from all leading It is highly recommended that you get at least one e-mail address for your new
telephone equipment suppliers. business. Some businesses have an e-mail address for each of their key staff.
To have e-mail facilities you would also need to have an internet connection
and quite often one or more e-mail addresses are included free in the price
for an internet connection by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) (see the next
section for more details).
35 36
Internet Scanner
More and more businesses today, even small ones, are finding it essential to If you need to convert pictures or paper documents, such as letters or drawings,
have Internet browsing facilities to search for suppliers and products. into electronic format for use on a computer then you will need to buy a scanner.
Even if you do not think you need this capability when you start your business, Photocopier
you will still need an internet connection and account if you intend to send A photocopier is probably a must for any office. Small models have become
and receive internet e-mails. quite inexpensive but you need to check their running costs. Photocopiers need
to have their toners replaced regularly, and they also need frequent servicing.
To obtain an internet connection you will need to contact one of the many
local Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Office applications
As in any business, you need the necessary office tools to be able to operate
OFFICE EQUIPMENT effectively. The same can be said for your computer programmes (Software
such as word processors, spreadsheets etc.).
Computers
Nowadays computers have become an essential office tool. They can perform Business applications
a large variety of tasks from letter writing to accounts. You will also need some core applications for your business activities such as:
There are many computer brands available and there are various types of • Accounting system (for your financial accounts and VAT)
computers that could suit your needs. Always seek advice when purchasing • Payroll (if you intended to employ people)
computer equipment. • Cash register or point-of-sales system (for retail sales)
• A quotation system (might even be a spreadsheet)
Printers • A stock control system (for more than just a few items)
If you have a computer then you will need a printer to go with it. There are
various types of printers with a very wide range of prices. The main types are: Your requirements will depend on your specific business.
• Dot-matrix (for long reports, production data etc) Other useful applications
• Inkjet (for colour printing in small runs)
• Laser (for high quality single colour printing) • Anti-virus software
• Colour Laser (for high quality full colour printing) • Backup system (to make copies of important information)
Except for the colour laser types, printers are generally not expensive to buy.
However you need to keep in mind their running costs as cartridges or
toners have to be purchased when they run out. Your local IT shop or office
equipment supplier would to able to assist you in selecting the right printer
for you office needs.
! If you are starting a small business do not worry that you are going to
need a lot of computers to run these programmes. In fact, all of the
applications mentioned above can easily run on one PC.
37 38
IT administration & support
! All the applications mentioned above do not need to cost you a lot of
money. There are programmes suitable for normal office work that are
either free or are very low priced. These are fully licensed products and
NOT illegal pirated copies!
If you intend to set up more than a few PCs in your new business then you
will probably need to engage someone to take care of the maintenance and
support of these computers as well as of the applications installed on them.
Therefore, it is important to get good advice before purchasing You will definitely need someone available from time-to-time to maintain the
computer programmes. applications and help you solve problems when they occur.
If you are starting a small business, this does not mean that you need to
employ a full time person. You can make use of the services of a knowledgeable
Network
IT systems administrator or else engage one of the many IT companies who
If you are going to need to use two or more computers in your business then
provide IT support services.
you may need to think about how to connect these together so that you can
share letters, files and other information between computers.
On the other hand, if you are starting a larger business then you would
probably need to employ somebody for the day-to-day administration of
A network would also be required if your staff are going to use the internet
your computer systems.
or to send and receive e-mails. It is much simpler, and possibly cheaper, to use
a network with a central connection to the internet rather than providing
Great care must be taken with the administration and support of your
each one with a separate connection to the internet.
computer systems. Remember that your IT systems administrator will have
access to confidential information about your business.
It should be noted that today it is relatively inexpensive to set up a small
network to connect a number of computers together.
Shredder
Most people forget that their paper documents can contain confidential
information which may be valuable or which they do not want others to read.
! The correct administration and maintenance of your IT systems is
vitally important. Therefore, it is advisable that you seek professional
advice on this matter.
39 40
Protect Your Ideas
When you are starting a new business you may be planning to manufacture REGISTER YOUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
a new product or launch a new brand name. You may also be planning to
provide an innovative service to your customers. All applications are to be filed on the relevant application form. Power of
Attorney and Priority Documents must accompany each application where
Whatever the case, it is essential that you protect your ideas as well as any applicable together with the respective registration fees.
trade names that you plan to use as part of your business. These all form part
of your business intellectual and/or industrial property. These documents and any registration fees should be submitted to:
You can protect your intellectual or industrial property by registering these Industrial Property Registration Directorate
with the Industrial Property Registration Directorate. This office receives, Commerce Division
examines and processes applications for the registration of Trademarks, Lascaris
Industrial Designs, Patents and Copyright in-line with local and international Valletta
legislation and regulations.
There are four main areas under which you can protect your property which are:
Trademarks
Registration gives protection to a sign (logo) that serves to distinguish the
goods or services of one organisation or individual from those of another.
Patents
Registration gives protection to a new invention containing an industrial
application.
Designs
Registration gives protection to a novel shape or pattern to be applied to a
particular object.
Copyright
Registration gives protection to a novel idea or to non-tangible items or
products. This covers material such as books, publications, software and other
intellectual property.
41 42
Useful Addresses
Malta Enterprise Industrial Property Registration Directorate
Enterprise Centre Commerce Division
San Gwann Industrial Estate Lascaris
San Gwann SGN 09 Valletta
43 44
Malta Financial Services Authority
Notabile Road
Attard
VAT Office
Malta Office
VAT Department
16, Centre Point Building
Ta' Paris Street
Birkirkara CMR 02
Gozo Office
VAT Office
Enrico Mizzi Street
Victoria VCT 10
45
Glossary of Terms
Articles of Association This contains the rules for the conduct of the Equity Ownership in a business. Often expressed in percentage
Company's internal affairs. of ownership or shares of stock or stock options in
a Company.
Authorised Share Capital The total amount of capital a Company is authorised
to raise according to its Articles of Association. Line Of Business Type of business. Other terms for line of business
include product line, service line, or product category.
Board Resolution A decision taken by the Board of Directors of a
Company. Memorandum of Every Company has a ‘Memorandum of Association’,
Association which determines its name, where its registered office
Business Activity Any activity intended to earn a profit or to carry out may be situated and what it may do (its objectives).
a defined activity as part of the operations of a
business organisation. Paid-up Share Capital The total amount of funds that the shareholders of a
Company have paid to the Company for their fully
Business Angels Entrepreneurs who provide capital in the region of paid shares.
£10,000 to £250,000 in return for being part of a
growing successful business. Share Capital That part of the capital of a Company that arises
from the issue of shares. Every Company must
Capital Money or other assets used by a Company for the commence with some share capital.
transaction of business.
Shares Shares are small stakes in a Company. Anyone who
Certified Copies Copies of the ‘Memorandum & Articles’ that have been has shares is a joint-owner of the Company along
certified as ‘true copies’ by the Registry of Companies. with all the other shareholders.
Company Secretary The secretary is responsible for ensuring that the Shareholder Anyone who has shares in a Company or Partnership.
Company complies with the procedural rules and
regulations set down by law. Seed Capital The initial or start-up capital of a Company or business.
These include the preparation of notices and minutes Savings Account A Savings Account pays you interest on the amount
of meetings; filing returns at the Registry of you have saved and is designed for putting money
Companies; maintaining and updating the aside for some future requirement. You can use it to
Company’s statutory books. either save regularly or pay into it when you have
some spare cash.
Current Account This is a bank account that allows you to deposit
money and effect payments as part of the day-to-day Term Account This is a bank account into which you can deposit
business of the Company. money at any time but from which you can
withdraw only at specific periods. These are more
Director A person appointed to direct the business of a suited for holding reserve funds rather than for
Company at Board level. operational cash.
47 48
Notes
TIFD TIFD stands for Tax Index of Financial Data and
represents a listing of items commonly reported on
balance sheets and income statements.
Working Capital The money available to a firm to pay for all its
day-to-day activities such as wages, raw materials,
bills and so on.
49
Entrepreneurship -
Self Assessment Survey 3. Self-reliance
Small business owner/operators must be confident in their abilities, self-reliant
* Optional enough to go their own way when necessary, and optimistic that they will
Contribution of: succeed. This section will help you determine if you have these characteristics.
*Name & Surname:
*e-mail Address: Yes No
Yes No Yes No
16. I'm a doer more than a planner. I like to make things happen. 25. My family supports my plan to start a small business and
accepts that I will be working long and hard hours. My business
17. I am willing to sometimes put my work before socializing
goals are compatible with my family and lifestyle goals.
with family and friends.
26. My family understands and accepts that, at least in the short
18. I'm willing to take a drop in income to launch my new business.
term, I likely won't be bringing home a regular pay check.
19. I work on things until they're done or solved. I'm not a quitter.
I believe in working hard to get ahead. 27. I will be able to maintain a personal and family life, as well as
run a business.
20. If I don't have the answer, I go out and get it. I don't try to
avoid difficult problems or situations, I tackle them head on. 28. My family life is stable enough to withstand even a business
failure.
6. Innovation
29. I am being realistic about personal and family finances and
Small business owners are problem solvers and innovators. Tough challenges bring
living expenses.
out their creative best. This section will help you assess your creative potential.
30. I have alternate sources of income/savings available for living
Yes No expenses until the business is established.
21. I'm a problem solver, always looking for new and innovative
8. Risk Management
ways of doing things. I can usually find creative solutions
Successful entrepreneurs are dreamers with common sense. They are not just
when others can't.
risk takers, and they set realistic business goals. This section will help you
22. I'm at my best when facing a challenge that requires me to decide if you can successfully balance risks with reality.
use all of my personal resources. I can usually find more than
one solution to a problem. Yes No
23. I get bored when I'm not challenged and when I'm doing the 31. I set realistic goals and work to achieve them and I'm constantly
same thing over and over. I like to continually learn new things. re-evaluating and adjusting my goals. I'm a realistic thinker
and planner and balance enthusiasm with caution.
24. Change doesn't frighten me. I look at change as an opportunity
to try new things. I'm not satisfied with doing something a 32. I seek out and am open to sound advice and assistance. When
certain way just because that's the way it has always been done. I make a mistake, I admit it and make the appropriate changes.
In addition, looking at your answers in each section will help you assess your
entrepreneurial strengths and weaknesses. You can then develop strategies to
take advantage of your strengths and to compensate for your weaknesses.
Malta Enterprise
Entrepreneurship Survey
Enterprise Support & Innovation
Industrial Estate. San Gwann.
Or e-mail to:
entrepreneurship@maltaenteprise.com
Or Fax to: 25423401
Malta Enterprise, Enterprise Centre, Industrial Estate, San Gwann SGN 09, Malta.
Tel: (356) 2542 0000 • Fax: (356) 2542 3401
e-mail: info@maltaenterprise.com • www.maltaenterprise.com