SYDNEY

Simon, Jerusa | B.S. Architecture | Arch 162

Sydney
the largest and
oldest city in
Australia

Capital city of the $$

state of New South
Wales

was named after

Viscount Sydney,
the British
Secretary of State
Sydney
Area:
-12,144.6 km²
(4,689.1 sq mi)

Location:
- 881 km NE of
Melbourne
Sydney
1. Greater Sydney
area of Sydney, surrounding inner
city suburbs
4 million population
Greater Sydney

2. Sydney Centre
22,000 population
Sydney Center

Tasman Sea
 Sydney
Sydney Centre

Greater Sydney

Sydney Harbour (Port Jackson)

divides the city into two

Sydney Center

Tasman Sea

Botany Bay

An overview of Sydney Center

Sydney
built on low hills

surrounded by harbors and

ports with innumerable bays
and inlets
 Sydney

West - Blue Mountains

East - Pacific Ocean
North - Lake Macquarie
South - Botany Bay
Sydney CBD
CBD - tall multistory
structures —where
land costs are much
higher

Suburbs – most
houses are one to
two-story
Sydney
The Aborigines
50,000 - 70,000 years ago
Eora – name given to the original inhabitants Bennelong, senior man of the Eora
of the place; means “here” or “from this place”

they lived close to the shore

gathered fish and shellfish as the main food
provided shelter and sometimes slept in a
Cavern of Rock
perform ceremonies which integrated religion,
history, law, and art
Sydney
Year 1770
first British contact and colonizers at Botany Bay Port Jackson
land was declared New South Wales to be the property
of Britain's King

One of their aim was to establish ‘prison settlement’ for

British convicts. first British contact and colonizers landed at
Botany Bay

land was declared New South Wales to be the

property of Britain's King

One of their aim was to establish ‘prison

settlement’ for British convicts.

Botany Bay was not suitable for the

settlement,
so they rowed north to Port Jackson (now
Sydney Harbour).
 Trade and Government
Sydney Cove 1824
even before, main
functions of the city
were government and
trade.

Trade - focused on the port,

Sydney as a ‘port city’

Settlement became town on the foreshores of Sydney Cove.

public buildings: The First Government House, Hyde Park
Barracks, Rum Hospital, St. James Church
WATER the reason for Sydney’s Foundation

Sydney Harbour
Sydney Harbour
the heart of the metropolis

Harbour Bridge Sydney Harbour

Opera House
Sydney Harbour Bridge
opened opportunity to
the economy of the city

focal point for Sydney

and the harbour-side
areas
WATER the reason for Sydney’s Foundation

Botany Bay

PORT Botany expansion

Botany Bay Container Terminal

Replaced the fragmented container
facilities of Port Jackson
most of the cargo goes through Port
Botany

Botany Bay Container Terminal 1987

WATER the reason for Sydney’s Foundation

Cooks River
Alexandria Canal

Cooks River

Sydney Airport

Botany Bay
Cooks River
Cooks River Alexandria Canal
A transformed marshland to a canal
discharges at botany bay capable of carrying barges to transport goods from the
was redirected – to give way to Sydney nearby Woolsheds, brickworks, tanneries and foundries
Airport
Sydney's first inbound waterway

flows from Alexandria through St. Peters, Mascot,

Sydney Airport, to Cooks River at Tempe
WATER the reason for Sydney’s Foundation

Darling
harbour

Cooks River Botany Bay

WATER the reason for Sydney’s Foundation

Darling harbour
WATER the reason for Sydney’s Foundation

Circular
Quay

1892

Cooks River Botany Bay

Circular Quay
-(bet. The Rocks & Sydney Cove)
-a major transport hub
-ferry, rail and bus interchange.
WATER the reason for Sydney’s Foundation

Sydney
Beaches
There are 23
Bondi Beach beaches along the
eastern seaboard
Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour)
Harbour)
had the freshest
spring of water and
one of the finest
harbour
Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour)
Harbour)

Aborigines in ceremonial dress pose for a photograph of ‘a Corroboree’ in Bennelong, senior man of the Eora
the late 19th century. (Government Printing Office Collection, State Library
of New South Wales.)

singing and dancing were part of daily life for Bennelong Point
Aboriginal people in Port Jackson. he asked the Governor to build him a hut on
what known as Bennelong Point (which is now
non-sacred songs and dances were performed the site of the Sydney Opera House) where he
at night at Bennelong Point
then entertains the Governor
Sydney Opera House
Jørn Utzon

Sidney Harbour
Bennelong
Point
Sidney
Cove Farm
Cove
Sydney 1842

Wards are named after British

officials
Sydney 1842
1842--1968

city boundary changes

Central Sydney
Central Sydney
Zoning Map (2005)
Sydney’s Urban Growth

Sydney CBD

* The city basically grew from the

CBD core at the harbour - spreading
through a star-form growth radiating
out to the suburbs of Sydney.
Suburbanization
Suburban sprawl

caused partly by the cheapness of land

in earlier days
and by the determination of
Australians to own their own houses and
gardens
has caused problems for the
authorities responsible for sewerage
and transport
Suburbanization
Suburban sprawl:
Housing development
Before: houses were just one storey
development

1950s+: higher density development

was promoted for more efficient use of
urban land

Problem encountered:
Street frontages were dominated by
garages

Solution: unobstructed residential street where people

can meet-up and socialize
Transportation
Railways were connected to the ports

1997 Bus – Rail interchange were

constructed to give the public smooth
travel
Transportation
inner suburbs – served by tram routes

outer suburbs – served by rail system, which

was used to promote suburbanization

1980: Bankstown
suburban
development

Blacktown Town Center: located on a railway junction

Transportation
Ferries
Were replaced by the development
of BRIDGES, cars, air transportation,
and other faster means of travelling
Sydney Airports
Sydney (Kingsford Smith)
International
Sydney (Kingsford Smith)
International
Present:
Cooks River was redirected – to give way to
Sydney Airport

1900s
Sydney
Open & Public Spaces
List of Parks in Sydney
 Sydney
Open & Public Spaces Public lands
superimposed on Sydney
Map

“Pedestrian Network”
Consists of arcades, plazas,
overpasses, underpasses, and minor
lane closures

Interconnects major developments

within the area:
-Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority
-Harrington Mall
-Qantas Plaza
-Lang Park
-Wynward Park
-Martin Place

links into the central spine of the city

Sydney Parliament house
Macquarie Street

named after Governor Lachlan

Macquarie, who took charge of the colony
Royal Botanical Gardens
in 1810, and managed to transform the
penal colony into a town with roads

It houses important buildings such as:

State Library of New

South Wales

Government House Reserve Banks Australia

Sydney Olympic Park
Sydney Olympic Park
events of the 2000 Olympic Games took
place at Sydney Olympic Park
first Olympic Games of the new millennium
in September 2000
References
• cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au

• discoversydney.com.au

• HarbourBridge.com.au

• sydneyports.com.au

• metrostrategy.nsw.gov.au

• Webber, G.P. Ed., “The Design of Sydney”. Sydney: The Law Book Company Limited, 1988.

• Toon, John and Jonathan Falk, Ed. “Sydney – Planning or Politics : Town Planning for Sydney Region since 1945”. Sydney: Planning and Research

Center Univeristy of Sydney, 2006.

• heritage.nsw.gov.au

• sl.nsw.gov.au
Images
Maps:
- Google Earth
- National Library of Australia <nla.gov.au>
-http://www.virtualoceania.net/australia
Harbour Bridge - flickr.com/photos/pacocanker ; HarbourBridge.com.au
Founding of Australia - sl.nsw.gov.au
Tank Stream superimposed on a map of current Sydney. - (Reproduced from
W V Aird, The Water Supply, Sewerage and Drainage of Sydney, The
Metropolitan Water Sewerage & Drainage Board, Sydney , 1961.
Tank Stream - Sydney Water Corporation
Alexandria canal
- flickr.com/photos/ghee/
- alexcanal.com

discoversydney.com.au Pitt Street

-Map of Australia - - flickr.com/photos/powerhouse_museum
-HMS Sirius -Adam.J.W.C.

cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au
- Aborigine woman portrait The Rocks Discovery Museum
- New South Wales painting -sydney.diarystar.com.au
-Bennelong portrait
Aurora Place
sydneyairport.com.au -smh.com.au
-Control Tower
-International Terminal

Webber, G.P. Ed., “The Design of Sydney”. Sydney: The Law Book Company
Limited, 1988.
-Images of Sydney’s growth
--Sydney Cove 1824

Government House - heritage.nsw.gov.au