Professional Documents
Culture Documents
•United Bank of India - United Mortgage Scheme: United Bank of India Mortgage
Scheme is one of the most important part of the financial portfolio of the United
Bank of India
•Bank of India - BIO Star Mortgage Scheme: Bank of India Mortgage Scheme
provides high quality financial product to fulfill the various requirements of the
customers
•Union Bank of India - Union Mortgage Scheme: Union Bank of India Mortgage
Scheme offers a variety of financial products for the individual customers of various
types
•Loans are provided for the purchase of four wheeled vehicles and two wheelers
•Loans are provided for the purpose of repayment of the previous loans
•Loans are provided for meeting the expenses pertaining to medical, educational
and marriage purposes
•Loans are provided for undertaking renovation and repair works of the residential
property
•Loans are provided for the purpose of purchasing land plots, houses, construction
of houses
•Loans are provided for meeting the needs for commercial, trade and other
business activities
•Loans are provided for the requirements of the professionals for any kind of
activities such as education, house construction or purchase
The services offered under the Mortgage loans in India:
•Mortgage refinancing
The eligibility of the loans under the Bank of Baroda Mortgage Scheme is that any
person above the age of 21 years such as professionals, employees, self-employed,
individual person, can take out a Bank of Baroda Mortgage Scheme. People about
that age of 18 years can also take out a mortgage loan but it has to be a co-
borrowing. Others people who are income tax assessee and people who are salaried
individuals and people who are self employed individuals. The salaried class can get
a maximum of 48 times gross monthly income and others can get a maximum of
the net annual income of three years. The type of loans given is current account
overdraft or term loan. The contribution of the customer ranges from 15% to 2o% of
the total loan amount depending on the loan.
Loans under the Bank of Baroda Mortgage Scheme is given in order to provide
mortgage loans for purchase, expansion, construction, repairs, and renovations of
flats, apartments, residential complexes, purchase of land for the purpose of
construction. The loans under the Bank of Baroda Mortgage Scheme also provides
the facility to take over of liability of the customers pertaining to other housing
boards, housing finance companies, co-operative societies, co-operative banks, and
commercial banks.
The loans under the Bank of Baroda Mortgage Scheme is provided against collateral
security such as residential house or apartment, industrial property, urban
commercial complex, possessed in the name of the receiver of the loan. The
security such as rented house can be accepted if the same property is on a lease
and the person should also have the authority to collect the rent under the power of
attorney.
•To provide the customers with the best services to build a goodwill in the mind of
the customers
•To put utmost stress on the quality of the credit and advance in form of mortgage
loan
•Personal accident insurance and property insurance free for the time period of the
loan
•Provision of free credit Paras card with maximum borrowing limit of 2 lakhs
Bank of India Mortgage Scheme provides high quality financial products to fulfill
the various requirements of the customers. The Bank of India Mortgage Scheme is
one of the several reputed financial products of the Bank of India.
The Bank of India Mortgage Scheme is used for a variety of purposes and there are
several options pertaining to the loans. The loans under Bank of India Mortgage
Scheme have the option of customizing the features of the loan according to the
requirement of the customers. The loans under Bank of India Mortgage Scheme are
given for the purpose of education, agriculture, purchase of buying household
goods, purchase of land, and construction, among others. The main product of the
Bank of India Mortgage Scheme is the Star Mortgage Loan Scheme.
The Bank of India Star Mortgage Loan Scheme provides overdraft and loan facilities
against collateral securities such as mortgage of land or property at minimal
interest rates. The scheme generally caters people involved in commercial trade,
business, individuals, self employed, professionals, companies, partnership firms,
farmers, and students. The documentation procedure before getting the loan is very
nominal and the loan can be acquired at a very short notice period.
The mortgage market in India is expected to grow very fast in a few years' time.
Presently, the commercial banks have also started playing an important role in the
development and growth of the India Mortgage Market, where the main players
used to be the financial corporations. The market is lead by the HDFC, followed by
SBI, ICICI, LIC, etc. Now, the worth of the mortgage market in India is about US$ 18
billion. Even with all kinds of developments, the ratio between the mortgage and
gross domestic product (GDP) in India is poor when compared to other developed
countries. The ratio in India (2.5%) is very low in comparison to the ratio in the
foreign countries (25%-60%).
•For meeting the needs for commercial, trade and other business activities
•For the requirements of the professionals for any kind of activities such as
education, house construction or purchase,
Canara Bank Mortgage Service is one of the foremost in the Indian mortgage
market. The Canara Bank mortgage service is an important part of the Canara Bank.
The Canara Bank Mortgage service provides very high quality financial products
pertaining to home loans and loans for household purposes. The mortgage market
in India is displaying rapid growth in the past few years. The foremost players in this
sector are the finance corporation but presently the commercial banks are also
started playing an important role in the development and growth of the India
Mortgage Market. Presently the total worth of the mortgage market in India is
nearly US $ 18 billion. With all this development the ration between the gross
domestic product to mortgage in India is poor when compared to other developed
countries. The ratio in India is very low in comparison to The ratio in the foreign
countries ranges from 25% to 60% whereas in India the ratio is 2.5%.
•To put emphasize on the quality of the credit and advance in form of mortgage
loan
The purpose of the Canara Bank Mortgage Service is to provide mortgage loans for
purchase, expansion, construction, repairs, and renovations of flats, apartments,
residential complexes, purchase of land for the purpose of construction. The Canara
Bank Mortgage service also provides the facility to take over of liability of the
customers pertaining to other housing boards, housing finance companies, co-
operative societies, co-operative banks, and commercial banks.
The ICICI Bank Mortgage Service is among the major mortgage provider in the
Indian mortgage market. Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) Bank
Mortgage Service dominates the Indian mortgage market at present with the State
Bank of India (SBI) following the leader. The ICICI Bank Mortgage Service also has a
good share of the Indian mortgage market. The total worth of the India Mortgage
Market presently is nearly US $ 18 billion. The gross domestic product to mortgage
ratio in India is very low in comparison to other developed countries. The ratio in the
foreign countries ranges from 25% to 60% whereas in India the ratio is 2.5%. The
India Mortgage Market is showing fast growth in the past few years. The foremost
players in this sector are the finance corporation but presently the commercial
banks are also started playing an important role in the development and growth of
the India Mortgage Market.
•To put emphasize on the quality of the credit and advance in form of mortgage
loan
•The mortgage based loans provided in order to acquire real estate for commercial
purposes, and as working capital
•The funding is done upto 3/4 of the cost of the project and the balance is the
customers contribution
•Mortgage refinancing
•Reduction in the total sum of interest customer pays throughout his life for his loan
•Reduction in the term period of the loans so the customer may payoff their loan
faster
The Mortgage Industry in India is one of the biggest divisions in the banking
financial services and insurance sector in India. The Mortgage Industry in India was
antecedently known as the Indian housing finance industry. Now the Mortgage
Industry in India is worth of is about US $ 18 billion. The gross domestic product to
mortgage ratio in India is very low in comparison to other developed countries. The
ratio in the foreign countries ranges from 25% to 60% whereas in India the ratio is
2.5%. The India Mortgage Market is showing fast growth in the past few years.
The foremost players in this sector are the finance corporation but presently the
commercial banks are also started playing an important role in the development
and growth of the Mortgage Industry in India. At present the market leader in the
Mortgage Industry in India is the Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC),
with the State Bank of India (SBI) following the lead. The Life Insurance Corporation
(LIC) Housing Finance Limited and the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation
of India (ICICI) Bank also constitute an important part of the mortgage industry in
India.
The mortgage industry in India improving day by day and there is a sudden surge in
market for credit. The mortgage industry in India is expected to grow at a rapid rate
in a few years time. The rise in the infrastructural developments and real estate
based activities has turn powered the growth of the mortgage industry in India. The
mortgage industry in India is considered as an important but a decisive factor in the
growth of the economy as well as the country. The growth in the mortgage industry
was also boosted by the fiscal policies under the financial allotments of the 5 year
Plans. The mortgage industry has to make further developments and for that the
assistance of the government as a provider and authoritarian agency in required.
The foreign direct investments and private funds are to be encouraged. The lengthy
governmental procedures have to be abolished in order to get access to faster
mortgage loans. The laws regarding property and land, rent, have to be improved.
Credit rating bodies and mortgage insurance providers will further boost the growth
of the Mortgage Industry in India.
•Mortgage refinancing
To put emphasize on the quality of the credit and advance in form of mortgage loan
Any person below the age of 65 years such as professionals, employees, individual
person, self-employed can takeout a State Bank of Mysore mortgage loan. Others
people who are income tax assessee and people with Rs. 12,000 as monthly salary
for salaried individuals and Rs. 1,50,000 as net annual income for self employed
individuals. The loan amount ranges from Rs. 1,00,000 to Rs. 5,00,000 lakhs. The
Salaried class can get a maximum of 36 times net monthly income and others can
get a maximum of three times the net annual income. The type of loans given is
current account overdraft or term loan.
The State Bank of Mysore Mortgage Loan are given on providing security against
the loans such as residential house or apartment, industrial property, urban
commercial complex, possessed in the name of the receiver of the loan. The
security such as rented house can be accepted if the same property is on a lease
and the person should also have the authority to collect the rent under the power of
attorney.
Mortgage refinancing
Reduction in the total sum of interest customer pays throughout his life for his loan
Reduction in the term period of the loans so the customer may payoff their loan
faster
Agriculture loans
Purchase of two wheelers, four wheeled vehicle, and light commercial vehicles
Consumption loan
Sericulture
The financial products offered under Union Bank of India Mortgage Scheme
Union Home
Union Comfort
Union Trade
Union Education
Union Miles
Union Top-up
Special Loan Scheme for Education for the students of Indian School of Business,
Indian Institute of Management, Indian Institute of Technology and National Institute
of Technology
Union Education Scheme for training course and program for commercial pilots
Union Cash
Union Smile
Union Mortgage
Union Shares
Union Health
The market is lead by the HDFC, followed by SBI, ICICI, LIC, etc. The United Bank of
India Mortgage Scheme also has a share in the mortgage market in India. Presently
the total worth of the mortgage market in India is nearly US $ 18 billion. With all this
development the ration between the gross domestic product to mortgage in India is
poor when compared to other developed countries. The ratio in India is very low in
comparison to The ratio in the foreign countries ranges from 25% to 60% whereas
in India the ratio is 2.5%.
The main purpose of the United Bank of India Mortgage scheme is to provide
mortgage loans for purchase, expansion, construction, repairs, and renovations of
flats, apartments, residential complexes, purchase of land for the purpose of
construction. The Canara Bank Mortgage service also provides the facility to take
over of liability of the customers pertaining to other housing boards, housing
finance companies, co-operative societies, co-operative banks, and commercial
banks.
•Mortgage refinancing
•The period (1999-2000) housing finance corporation disbursed loans worth Rs.
9812.03 crores and banks Rs. 9911.35 crores
•The period (2000-2001) housing finance corporation disbursed loans worth Rs.
12637.85 crores and banks Rs. 9787.24 crores
•The period (2001-2002) housing finance corporation disbursed loans worth Rs.
14614.44 crores and banks Rs. 14744.85 crores
•The period (2002-2003) housing finance corporation disbursed loans worth Rs.
17832.17 crores and banks Rs. 33840.53 crores
•Reduction in the total sum of interest customer pays throughout his life for his loan
•Reduction in the term period of the loans so the customer may payoff their loan
faster
•To change the type of loan which adjusts the rate of interest
•To have the option of rolling of closing costs in the loans which allow the
customers to refinance the loan with zero or minimum cash To understand all the
possibilities before the consideration of refinancing as the Citi Mortgage a wide
range of flexible refinance schemes
Mortgage Lenders in India are the loan providers of the banking financial services
and insurance sector in India. The Mortgage Lenders in India comprises of the
financial institutes, commercial banks, and housing finance corporations.
At present, the mortgage market in India has a number of players such as Housing
Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) Bank Mortgage Service, State Bank of
Mysore Mortgage Loan, United Bank of India Mortgage Scheme, Bank of Baroda
Mortgage, and Union Bank of India Mortgage Scheme.
•United Bank of India Mortgage Scheme is one of the most important part of the
financial portfolio of the United Bank of India. The United Bank of India was set up in
the year 1950, and since then the bank has catered to different types of customers
with different requirements. The United Bank of India Mortgage Scheme is highly
reputed and the bank provides the customers with a variety of financial products.
•Union Bank of India Mortgage Scheme offers a variety of financial products for the
individual customers of various types. These products jointly form the Union Bank of
India Mortgage Scheme. The portfolio of the Union Bank of India Mortgage Scheme
consists of highly reputed products with tailor made options to meet the need of
different customers. The major drive of the Union Bank of India Mortgage Scheme
was in the sector of agriculture, where the Union Bank of India has come up with
different mortgage loan schemes.
•Bank of Baroda Mortgage Scheme is one most important mortgage schemes in the
mortgage market in India. The Bank of Baroda Mortgage Scheme is also one of the
foremost financial products of the Bank of Baroda. The Bank of Baroda is reputed
for providing very high quality financial products pertaining to home loans and loans
for household purposes.
•State Bank of Mysore Mortgage Loan is one of the primary financial products of the
State Bank of Mysore. The State Bank of Mysore is one of the ancillaries of the
largest commercial bank in India, the State Bank of India. The State Bank of Mysore
mortgage loan is one of the most popular products among the financial portfolio of
the State Bank of Mysore.
•Providing loans for undertaking renovation and repair works of the residential
property
•Providing loans for purchasing four wheeled vehicles and two wheelers
•Providing loans for meeting the expenses pertaining to medical, educational and
marriage purposes
•Providing loans for meeting the needs for commercial, trade and other business
activities
•Providing loans for the purpose of purchasing land plots, houses, construction of
houses
•Providing loans for the requirements of the professionals for any kind of activities
such as education, house construction or purchase
Working Conditions
The average workweek for nonsupervisory workers in depository credit intermediation was 35.8
hours in 2004. Supervisory and managerial employees, however, usually work substantially
longer hours. About 1 out of 10 employees in 2004, mostly tellers, worked part-time.
Working conditions also vary according to where the employee works. Employees in a typical
branch work weekdays, some evenings if the bank is open late, and Saturday mornings. Hours
may be longer for workers in bank branches located in grocery stores and shopping malls, which
are open most evenings and weekends. Branch office jobs, particularly teller positions, require
continual communication with customers, repetitive tasks, and a high level of attention to
security. Tellers also work for long periods in a confined space.
To improve customer service and provide greater access to bank personnel, banks are
establishing centralized phone centers, staffed mainly by customer service representatives.
Employees of phone centers spend most of their time answering phone calls from customers and
must be available to work evening and weekend shifts.
Administrative support employees may work in large processing facilities, in the banks?
headquarters, or in other administrative offices. Most support staff work a standard 40-hour
week; some may work overtime. Those support staff located in the processing facilities may
work evening shifts.
Commercial and mortgage loan officers often work out of the office, visiting clients, checking
out loan applications, and soliciting new business. Loan officers may be required to travel if a
client is out of town, or to work evenings if that is the only time at which a client can meet.
Financial service sales representatives also may visit clients in the evenings and on weekends to
go over the client?s financial needs.
The remaining employees located primarily at the headquarters or other administrative offices
usually work in comfortable surroundings and put in a standard workweek. In general, banks are
relatively safe places to work. In 2003, the rate of work-related injury and illness per 100 full-
time workers was 3.1 in monetary authorities—central bank and 1.3 in depository credit
intermediation, lower than the overall rate of 5.0 per 100 employees in the private sector.
Employment
The banking industry employed about 1.8 million wage and salary workers in 2004. About 7 out
of 10 jobs were in commercial banks; the remainder were concentrated in savings institutions
and credit unions (table 1).
Establishme Employme
Industry segment
nts nt
Establishme Employme
Industry segment
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In 2004, about 83 percent of establishments in banking employed fewer than 20 workers (chart
1). However, these small establishments, mostly bank branch offices, employed 34 percent of all
employees. About 66 percent of the jobs were in establishments with 20 or more workers. Banks
are found everywhere in the United States, but most bank employees work in heavily populated
States such as New York, California, Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Texas.
Loan and credit clerks assemble and prepare paperwork, process applications, and complete the
documentation after a loan or line of credit has been approved. They also verify applications for
completeness. Bill and account collectors attempt to collect payments on overdue loans. Many
general office clerks and bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks are employed to maintain
financial records, enter data, and process the thousands of deposit slips, checks, and other
documents that banks handle daily. Banks also employ many secretaries, data entry and
information processing workers, receptionists, and other office and administrative support
workers. Office and administrative support worker supervisors and managers oversee the
activities and training of workers in the various administrative support occupations.
Management, business, and financial occupations account for about 25 percent of employment in
the banking industry. Financial managers direct bank branches and departments, resolve
customers? problems, ensure that standards of service are maintained, and administer the
institutions? operations and investments. Loan officers evaluate loan applications, determine an
applicant?s ability to pay back a loan, and recommend approval of loans. They usually specialize
in commercial, consumer, or mortgage lending. When loans become delinquent, loan officers, or
loan counselors, may advise borrowers on the management of their finances or take action to
collect outstanding amounts. Loan officers also play a major role in bringing in new business and
spend much of their time developing relationships with potential customers. Trust officers
manage a variety of assets that were placed in trust with the bank for other people or
organizations; these assets can include pension funds, school endowments, or a company?s
profit-sharing plan. Sometimes, trust officers act as executors of estates upon a person?s death.
They also may work as accountants, lawyers, and investment managers.
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents, who make up the majority of sales
positions in banks, sell complex banking services. They contact potential customers to explain
their services and to ascertain the customer?s banking and other financial needs. They also may
discuss services such as deposit accounts, lines of credit, sales or inventory financing, certificates
of deposit, cash management, or investment services. These sales agents also solicit businesses to
participate in consumer credit card programs. At most small and medium-size banks, however,
branch managers and commercial loan officers are responsible for marketing the bank?s financial
services. This has become a more important task in recent years.
Other occupations used widely by banks to maintain financial records and ensure the bank?s
compliance with Federal and State regulations are accountants and auditors, and lawyers. In
addition, computer specialists are needed to maintain and upgrade the bank?s computer systems
and to implement the bank?s entry into the world of electronic banking and paperless
transactions.
Employment
, 2004 Percent
Occupation change,
Numbe Perc 2004-14
r ent
Employment
, 2004 Percent
Occupation change,
Numbe Perc 2004-14
r ent
Employment
, 2004 Percent
Occupation change,
Numbe Perc 2004-14
r ent
Employment
, 2004 Percent
Occupation change,
Numbe Perc 2004-14
r ent
Note: May not add to totals due to omission of occupations with small employment
The interest rates of home loans are expected to go down even further according to
analysts who foresee a cut down in the rates by the RBI in the wake of the decision
taken by US Federal Reserve to cut its rates by a significant margin.
There are number of companies offer Cheap home loans at a low interest rate. You
can avail loan against existing house for renovation or expansion etc. There are
many nationalized banks that offer finance for affordable housing.India Housing has
put together a comprehensive data to provide you with the cheapest Home Loans
available in the market. We have listed all the important housing finance institutes
and some of the top home finance banks providing lowest interest rates.
Home, sweet home, built out of your dreams. A place where you return after a hard
day's work and relax, a place where you share precious moments with your family.
A place that gives you a sense of belonging. IDBI helps you realise your long
cherished dream of owning your home through hassle free and customer friendly
home loans. Presenting the home loan you have been looking for. We realise what
owning your home means to you and your family.
Avail of Home Loans at attractive rates exclusively for NRIs. With over 25 years of
experience, a dedicated team of experts and a complete package to meet all your
housing finance needs, HDFC Ltd. - our parent company, helps you realize your
dream.
Home is where the heart is! At SBI, we understand this better than most - the toil
and sweat that goes into building/ buying a house and the subsequent pride and joy
of owning one. This is why our Housing loan schemes are designed to make it
simple for you to make a choice at least as far as financing goes!
PNB reaches out to you with fast, friendly and most convenient home loans for:
» Purchase of house/ flat on First Power of Attorney basis from the original allottee.
Most HFCs follow the yearly reducing-balance method, which accounts for your principal repayments only at the end
of their financial year. Thus, you pay interest on the principal that you have already returned to the HFC. The effective
interest rate is thus higher than the quoted interest rate by around 0.7%. Banks and some HFCs, on the other hand
follow the daily or monthly reducing-balance method, by which the principal on which you pay interest reduces every
month as you pay your EMI resulting in a lower interest burden. Thereby, the EMI for the monthly reducing system is
effectively lesser than the yearly reducing system of calculating interest.
Moreover, there are two kinds of interest rates for housing finance in India - Fixed rate and Floating rate interests.
Some HFC's have fixed rate of interest which means that the interest rates remain unchanged for the entire duration
the loan. This basically means that you do not benefit, even if the rates of interest drop in the market while the floating
rate interest fluctuates according to the market lending rate. The interest rates may vary from institutions to
institutions and generally range from about 12.5% to around 16%. Repayment is in the form of EMI's (equated
monthly installments) so, longer the tenure, the more you pay in interest, but your monthly payment will be less.
Generally, the maximum tenure of home loans is 15 years, with a few lenders offering tenure of 20 years or more
(ICICI has recently launched a 30 year loan). The longer the tenure, more you pay in total interest, but your monthly
payments will be less. So depending on your earning potential and bank balance, you can choose an appropriate
tenure. An important requirement of most banks/HFCs is that you pay up the entire loan before you retire.
The Housing Finance Companies and the Banks have variable interest rates depending upon the tenure and types of
home loans. Though interest rates for housing finance are not very volatile, one may well be advised to look out for
indication of any rate increases or decreases prior to finalizing the timing and amount of loan.
A person seeking investments for house or a property opts for Home Loans for a variety of purposes ranging from
construction to renovation. The Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) now offer individuals with various alternatives to
choose from while buying a home loan. And the availability of Home Loans offered is as varied as their requirements.
Bridge Loans:
Bridge Loans are designed for people who wish to sell the existing home and purchase another. The bridge loan
helps finance the new home, until a buyer is found for the old home.
Balance-Transfer Loans:
Balance Transfer is the transfer of the balance of an existing home loan that you availed at a higher rate of interest
(ROI) to either the same HFC or another HFC at the current ROI a lower rate of interest.
Re-finance Loans:
Refinance loans are taken in case when a loan for your house from a HFI at a particular ROI you have taken drops
over the years and you stand to lose. In such cases you may opt to swap your loan. This could be done from either
the same HFI or another HFI at the current rates of interest, which is lower.
NRI Home Loans:
This is tailored for the requirements of Non-Resident Indians who wish to build or buy a home or property in India.
The HFCs offer attractive housing finance plans for NRI investors with suitable repayment options.
As the Indian real estate market makes an upward swing, and investors opt for housing finance or home loans, tax
benefits obtained from them is a lucrative option. Customers availing of Home Loans can claim a certain portion of
the interest and principal that they pay towards the loan installments for reducing tax liability. Resident Indians are
eligible for certain tax benefits on principal and interest components of a loan under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Moreover, an added tax benefits under Sec 80 C on repayment of principal amount up to Rs. 1,00,000 p.a. can be
availed that can further reduce your tax liability by about Rs. 30,000 p.a.
Tax benefits can be claimed on both the principal and interest components of the home loan as per the Income Tax
Act, 1961. These deductions are available to assesses, who have taken a loan to either buy or build a house, under
Section 24(b). Interest on borrowed capital is deductible up to Rs 150,000 if the following conditions are satisfied:
If the conditions stated above are not fulfilled, then the interest on borrowed capital is deductible up to Rs 30,000
though the following conditions have to be satisfied:
• Capital is borrowed before April 1, 1999 for purchase, construction, reconstruction repairs or renewal of a
house property.
• Capital should be borrowed on or after April 1, 1999 for reconstruction, repairs or renewals of a house
property.
• If the capital is borrowed on or after April 1, 1999, but construction is not completed within 3 years from the
end of the year, in which capital is borrowed.
In addition to the above, principal repayment of the loan/capital borrowed is eligible for a deduction of up to Rs
100,000 under Section 80C from assessment year 2006-07.
1. Tax deductions can be claimed on housing loan interest payments, subject to an upper limit of Rs 150,000
for a financial year. Interest on the fresh loan can be claimed as a deduction, subject o the stated upper limit.
2. An additional loan for extension/addition to the same house and the person's deductions on the existing loan
are less than Rs 150,000; he can claim further benefits from the additional loan taken, subject to the upper
limit of Rs 150,000 for a financial year.
3. Tax benefits under Section 24 and deduction under section 80C of the Income Tax Act can be claimed only
when the payment is made. If a person fails to make EMI payments, he cannot claim tax benefits for the
same.
4. According to the Income Tax Act, only the person who has taken the loan can claim tax rebates.
5. The interest on home loans taken for repairs, renewals or reconstruction, also qualifies for the deduction of
Rs 150,000.
6. A husband and wife, both of whom are tax-payers with independent income sources, get tax deduction
benefits, with respect to the same housing loan; to the extent of the amount of loan taken in their own
respective name.
7. If a person buys a house and sells it within the same year/after 3 years, and if any profit is made, then a
capital gains tax liability arises on the same for which the individual is liable to pay short-term capital gains
tax since the sale took place in the same year. But, if the sale had taken place after 3 years, then a long-
term capital gains tax liability would have arisen.
8. If it is proved that the home loan is simply an arrangement between the loan-seeker and the builder or with a
third party for the purpose of claiming tax benefits, then tax benefits will not be allowed and benefits,
previously claimed, will be clubbed to the income and taxed accordingly.
9. Tax benefits on interest on housing loans are allowable only for the original loan and for a second loan taken
to repay the first loan and not for subsequent loans. This means that if you have already availed of one loan
to refinance the original loan and want to now avail a third loan to refinance the second loan, tax rebate on
interest payments will not be permissible. This is because the Section 24 (1) only talks of the second loan
and not of subsequent loans. Even if you take the second loan at a rate of interest higher than the original
loan, you will be eligible for a tax rebate on the second loan.
Reverse mortgage
Reverse Mortgage in India still at an infancy stage. The reverse mortgage came into
existence in the UK during the crash of 1929. Having evolved genetically from the
developed countries and mainly the USA, reverse mortgage is a scheme formulated
to benefit the senior citizens the most. Although applicable for the younger people
also, 'reverse mortgage loan products for senior citizens' is the basic that every
bank of financial institution follows.
Reverse mortgage information that will help you in understanding the concept of
reverse mortgage loan is listed below.
■Security for the Lender: The borrower pledge their home property to a lender
■Payment of the Loan to the Borrower: In return of the house property pledged, the
borrower gets a lump sum amount or periodic payments spread over the borrower's
lifetime that can be utilized by the borrower (senior citizen) as per needs and not for
speculative purposes.
■Repayment of Reverse Mortgage Loan: The homeowner and now the borrower will
not be required to repay the loan during his lifetime. On his death or leaving the
house permanently, the loan along with the accumulated interest is repaid through
the sale of the property pledged.
■Home Value Falling Short: In case the accumulated interest and loan amount is
larger than the value of the mortgaged property, the mortgage loan is capped at
the value of the home equity only and the lender is the party at loss.
■Home Value in Excess: Any excess amount by the sale of the property is duly
remitted to the borrower incase of permanent leaving of the house or his heirs in
case of the death of the borrower.
■Freeing the property from reverse mortgage: In case you get an additional income
and accumulate an amount to repay your loan, you can free your property in mid
term and can also apply for re-reverse mortgage if required on the same property.
In the usual mortgage loan, the borrower begins with a large loan and lower equity
in his house. In reverse mortgage however, the borrower has a very high equity in
his house and a non-recourse loan secured by the home property. In the usual
mortgage system, as the regular mortgage payments are made the outstanding
loan decreases and the house equity increases. Reverse is the case in reverse
mortgage, the loan amount increases with time and the home equity decreases with
time.
Taking the usual mortgage loans in lieu of your home as a security will not be
feasible in the age above 50 as the repayment of the loan is not feasible. The Banks
And Financial Institutions also won't be of any help in case of no income source. This
is where the house property proves as an asset and brings in reverse mortgage that
allows you to be the home owner as long as you live. Home ownership is an area
most Indians are sensitive about and reverse mortgage entitles you your house
throughout your remaining life.
The Government of India lays down several terms and conditions for procurement
of land. Additionally, we find several attractive loan plans having been brought
forward by many leading private and public sector banks for the purchase of land
and also for erecting a structure upon it. We provide you the details of land
purchase loans in India, such as the banks, their eligibility criteria, rates, calculators
and various other aspects.
In order to get your house loan sanctioned, you must satisfy the following criteria:
•An individual aged 21 years or above having a regular source of income.
•The maximum amount of Loan you can take from leading banks depends on a
number of factors, such as the cost of house/flat, applicant's age, income,
repayment capacity etc.
•The rate of interest whether for fixed-rate loans or for adjustable-rate ones are
governed by the market conditions prevailing at the time of loan disbursement.
•educational qualification
•Form 16
Some of banks providing land purchase loans are: HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Bank of
India (loans to purchase a plot), Standard Chartered, IDBI Bank, State Bank of India
(Unique House Scheme), and Union Bank of India, UCO Bank, Bank of Baroda,
Citibank and Development Credit Bank.
HDFC Bank is one among the leading providers of finance for purchase of land in
India. From HDFC, you can get as much as 85 % of the total cost of the land you are
buying, with an option to pay the amount flexibly over a maximum period of 15
years. Another prominent bank helping you out in the purchase of land in India is
State Bank of India, the largest in the country. There are a number of housing &
land purchase loan schemes, such as the one known as Unique House Scheme, that
you can find at SBI at attractive interest rates and flexible repayment terms.
FDI means Foreign Direct Investment. India Foreign Direct Investment includes
investments in the infrastructure development projects including construction of
bridges and flyovers, finance sector including banking and insurance services , real
estate development , retail sector etc. The foreign direct investment definition says
the direct investments in any productive assets in a country by any foreign
company is called foreign direct investment or FDI.
FDI in India includes, FDI inflows as well as FDI outflow from India. Also FDI foreign
direct investment and FII foreign institutional investors are a separate case study
while preparing a report on FDI and economic growth in India. FDI and FII in India
have registered growth in terms of both FDI flows in India and outflow from India.
The FDI statistics and data are evident of the emergence of India as both a potential
investment market and investing country.
The Foreign direct investment scheme and strategy depends on the respective FDI
norms and policies in India. The FDI policy of India has imposed certain foreign
direct investment regulations as per the FDI theory of the Government of India
(GoI). These include FDI limits in India for example:
◦FDI figures in equity contribution in the finance sector cannot exceed more than
40% in banking services including credit card operations and in insurance sector
only in joint ventures with local insurance companies.
◦FDI limit of maximum 49% in telecom industry especially in the GSM services
The FDI norms in real estate sector as well as in the retail sector are also
predetermined by the GoI after a careful study of the foreign direct investment pros
& cons. The foreign direct investment advantages lay in the fact that equity
participation form foreign investors brings larger infrastructure base for the project
but the FDI disadvantages of losing the ownership rights to a foreign company
makes it a cautious decision.
The FDI theories listing the FDI disadvantages include the increased liquidity and
consequent inflation due to excessive FDI inflow in India. In order to absorb the FDI
entering the Indian economy, the rupee is being pressurized. However the FDI
benefits include better efficiency in funds management in India and thus
improvisations in the quality standards.
The FDI policy 2007 ascertains regulations on the FDI stocks and this may reduce
the foreign direct investment confidence as closing the doors of industrial relations
with foreign investors with only hamper the FDI and economic growth in India
coordination. FDI and GDP in India working together and brining the reforms to the
economics in India.
Another form of foreign investment besides FDI is FPI or foreign portfolio investment
that is a more easily traded form of foreign investment and less permanent. In FPI
investment is made through stocks and bonds in a foreign enterprise without long-
term financial relationship plans.
Steps have been taken by the government to impart technical FDI education so as
to improvise the FDI database of the country. FDI and trade go hand in hand as both
works in a symbiotic situation. FDI has also created more employment opportunities
as FDI trends have increased the basic infrastructure of any organization thus
demanding growth in terms of organizational structure as well. The foreign direct
investment news in India shows the FDI notations being adopted by India, the
foreign direct investment strategies, and the FDI guidelines regulating the inflow of
foreign funds in India.
NRI Real Estate Investment has been on a sharp rise in the recent few years. This
can duly be accredited to the tremendous growth in the Indian realty sector with an
average of 30% last year. India being the fifth largest economy in the world and the
second largest among emerging nations, has shown a potential growth in
investments destination for the NRI population.
Special NRI quota is also provided for various land sales by Government. Special
Grants and services are also provided to the NRI population to lure more and more
foreign investment. All the leading banks and financial institutions have separate
NRI dealing services that cover NRE, NRO bank accounts, housing loans and other
home loan related products. You can also refer to the various bank websites to find
out further details about the NRI investment procedures and the help available.
The real estate bubble is blooming with huge investments from all sides, the
Government of India (GOI), individual builders, infrastructure developers, large
conglomerates and NRI's or the Global Indians. The contribution of the Indian
Government and other factors to the attraction for NRI investments in realty sector
of India includes:
◦Infrastructure support for the realty development all across the country
◦Liberalization of rules by GOI and RBI regarding NRI property and NRI homes
investment.
◦Simpler repayment processes like normal inward remittances or debit in their NRE
or NRO bank account.
The various above-mentioned factors have given the Indian real estate market a
potential of touching USD 30 million in the next five years. An estimate of 5 million
homes recorded sales in 2005-2006. Even the returns from the real estate
investments have out performed other investments. Easy home loan availability by
financial institutions in India, NRI remittances and repatriation procedures and easy
operability of NRE, NRO and NRCS bank accounts has emerged as the best of all the
available prospects for the NRI's looking forward to returning to India.
Home Mortgage
Mortgage Financing industry, which was earlier known as the housing finance
industry in India was estimated approximately at US $ 18 billion. In the recent years
a significant change has been seen in the in the structure of the mortgage industry.
Currently the banks are gaining market share in direct housing finance segment.
The share of commercial banks in the direct housing finance segment has increased
from 27% in FY 2000 to 57% in the FY 2003.
Housing finance industry in India is growing at a fast rate but still of the total
housing investment in India, financing through the organized sector continues to
account only for 25% (Source: LIC Housing finance).
The top players in this industry are housing finance companies, commercial (local as
well as foreign) banks, cooperative banks and other non-banking financial
companies (NBFCs).It is believed that commercial banks are set to take the major
portion in next years. Currently HDFC (Housing Development Finance Corporation)
is the market leader and after it SBI (State Bank of India) stands. Other companies
who have significant share apart from HDFC and SBI are ICICI (The Industrial Credit
and Investment Corporation of India) and LIC (Life Insurance Corporation).
The Mortgage to GDP Ratio in India is very low in comparison to the other countries.
The Mortgage to GDP Ratio means ratio of outstanding home loans to GDP. In the
developed countries the ratio varies from 25% to 60%. The mortgage to GDP ratio
in India was at 2.5% in the year 2001.
To get the repairs and/or renovation work done of your residential property you can
take a Home improvement or renovation loan. It is chiefly taken to carry out civil
work like plumbing or modifying up the kitchen or painting of the house. You cannot
take a renovation loan if you want to undertake furniture work. Furniture work or
woodwork doesn't fall under the category of "civil work" that is why you cannot take
loan for this.
Loan for construction purposes basically means that once you have purchased
the home and now you want finance to undergo construction or expand your house.
It may include any type of construction you want to undertake like constructing
more rooms or adding more floors in your existing house. Sometimes, you may
have a plot near your home lying vacant and you want to extend the structure of
your home to include the area. It also happens sometimes that you many need to
redo the interior architecture of your home so as to make it more suitable according
to your present requirement.
More often than not, home loans are sought for fresh construction of a house on the
plot you might have inherited from your ancestors or have purchased recently.
Before applying for home loans, you must estimate the amount required for the
construction, the time needed to complete the project and the expected increase in
the rate of building materials and other cost factors during the entire course of
construction. Then you should proceed towards contacting officials of different
banks and finance companies to evaluate and compare their home loan procedures,
the rate of interest they charge and the mode of loan repayment.
The lender or the housing finance companies, which offer loan for home
construction, has to know the story behind the construction you plan to undertake.
If you already own the land on which you want to undertake construction then that
is considered as equity on the construction loan. This is a kind of loan against the
property that you are already in possession of.
Since the new class of buyers are relatively younger set of customers who are more
aware about legal documentation and approvals, buyers are now more 'end-users'
rather than investors; the property market in India undergoes transformation to
align itself with global standards with an increased emphasis on quality & cost
control and documentation methods. In the current economy of India, the real
estate sector has the maximum propensity to generate income and demand for
materials, equipment and services. It can be said that housing finance companies
were formed for co-existing with buyer's requirements of housing loans for
investing in properties. Home loans are made available by financial institutions to
both Indian and NRI customers at floating and fixed rate of interest and also at
attractive EMI options.
No tax benefits are available for NRI customers unless you file returns and thereby
become eligible to avail of the tax benefits.
Besides home loans, Commercial property loans are also available and different
financial institutions in India provide commercial loans at different rates and
different upper limits.
Real estate loans are available to builders, promoters and real estate developers.
The experience and financial standing of the builders is taken into account before
the loan is granted which is to be returned with the minimum installments.
Today, the amount of money that a city dweller spends on rent is roughly the
same, or only slightly less than the amount he pays as an EMI on a housing loan.
Earlier the home loan sector in India was solely dependent on nationalized and
public sector banks, but the entry of public sector banks into the housing finance
business marked the beginning of the first round of interest rate cuts. And this
reduction in interest rates has enhanced the borrowing power of customers.
Moreover, HFCs are offering incentives to attract investors like
• Some companies sanction the housing loan without requiring you to identify
property as a pre-requisite for eligibility
There are a few documents which the finance companies require for setting up
criteria for eligibility of Home loans.
The realty boom in India has given a new dimension to the finance sector in India -
both in Home Loans and Home Insurance segments. This has not only given a
competitive edge to the finance companies to provide attractive options to
customers but has also contributed to the increased investments in the real estate
sector. This has resulted in 13 new institutions foraying into the housing finance
business in the last three years.
person seeking investments for house or a property opts for Home Loans for a
variety of purposes ranging from construction to renovation. The Housing Finance
Companies (HFCs) now offer individuals with various alternatives to choose from
while buying a home loan. And the availability of Home Loans offered is as varied as
their requirements.
• Bridge Loans
• Refinance Loans
• Loans to NRIs
This is the basic home loan for the purchase of a new home.
These loans are given for implementing repair works and renovations in a home
that has already been purchased, for external works like structural repairs,
waterproofing or internal work like tiling and flooring, plumbing, electrical work,
painting, etc. One can avail of such a loan facility of a home improvement loan,
after obtaining the requisite approvals from the relevant building authority.
An extension loan is one which helps you to meet the expenses of any alteration to
the existing building like extension/ modification of an existing home; for example
addition of an extra room etc. One can avail of such a loan facility of a home
extension loan, after obtaining the requisite approvals from the relevant municipal
corporation.
This is available for those who have financed the present home with a home loan
and wish to purchase and move to another home for which some extra funds are
required. Through a home conversion loan, the existing loan is transferred to the
new home including the extra amount required, eliminating the need for pre-
payment of the previous loan.
This loan is available for purchase of land for both home construction or investment
purposes
Stamp Duty Loans:
This loan is sanctioned to pay the stamp duty amount that needs to be paid on the
purchase of property.
Bridge Loans:
Bridge Loans are designed for people who wish to sell the existing home and
purchase another. The bridge loan helps finance the new home, until a buyer is
found for the old home.
Balance-Transfer Loans:
Balance Transfer is the transfer of the balance of an existing home loan that you
availed at a higher rate of interest (ROI) to either the same HFC or another HFC at
the current ROI a lower rate of interest.
Re-finance Loans:
Refinance loans are taken in case when a loan for your house from a HFI at a
particular ROI you have taken drops over the years and you stand to lose. In such
cases you may opt to swap your loan. This could be done from either the same HFI
or another HFI at the current rates of interest, which is lower.
This is tailored for the requirements of Non-Resident Indians who wish to build or
buy a home or property in India. The HFCs offer attractive housing finance plans for
NRI investors with suitable repayment options.
Indian Real Estate is on its way to donning the image of an organized industry with
global standards, as fragmentation, disorganization, poor governance and inefficient
infrastructure; take a backseat. Much of the positive zing lies in the significant rise
in investment, not only from within India but from offshore as well. The last couple
of years have been a clincher in terms of the increasing interest shown by
international property consultants, developers and commercial banks in investing in
Real Estate in India.
Most of the financial institutions offer home loans to both Indian and NRI customers
at floating and fixed rate of interest or blended ones and have customized packages
for the purposes of constructing/ buying a new house, vacant plot or extension and
even home improvement. Loans for non-residential premises, home equity and top-
up/personal loans are also available.
Moreover, a person looking for a housing loan can avail himself of life insurance
covers, home protection insurance, and other privileges related to banking facilities.
With the host of Real Estate Funds from Financial Institutions, financial support from
the Banks and Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) that have access to low cost
retail funds and refinance given by National Housing Board at competitive rates,
more investors are willing to pledge their assets to the realty sector. Nevertheless,
the alertness on the part of the consumer seeking a housing loan should be geared
towards increasing the loan eligibility, getting the valuation of the property done
and keeping photocopies of the title document.
Banks and HFCs are entering or seeking to enter into tie-ups with
builders/development authorities/ private developersin order to improve the credit
delivery system and devise competitive pricing and aggressive strategy. Foreign
banks are also able to woo retail customers by fine-tuning their housing loans.
The Annual Monetary and Credit Policy Statement for the Year 2007 has presented
the finding that the growth in activity in financing, insurance, real estate and
business services stood at 11.1%, as compared to 10.9 % in 2005-06. This definitely
can be a positive concluding note as we look forward to enthusiastic development in
Finance and Banking in the year 2007.
The Indian economy and the real estate sector in particular are high on its ride to
prosperity. As India’s economic growth curve rises, real estate India has emerged as
one of the most appealing investment areas for domestic as well as foreign
investors. Indian real estate has huge potential demand in almost every sector, but
especially commercial, residential, retail, industrial, hospitality, healthcare etc. But
maximum growth is attributed to its growth from the booming IT sector, since an
estimated 70 per cent of the new construction is for the IT sector.
Investment scenario has certainly undergone a paradigm shift in India. Gone are the
days when potential investors used to sought after investment options like equity
bonds and park money in shares where your return ranges between 5.55 to 6%.
Data showcased by property surveys show that returns from rental incomes on
investment in commercial property in Indian metros, is around 10.5%, the highest in
the world.
Key Facts
1.Selling and buying Indian property is now considered as the most profitable and
attractive business opportunity in the present real estate scenario in India. New
demands have added to strength of real estate markets across the commercial,
residential and retail sectors in India. Not surprisingly, demand for Indian property
has been increasing steadily for the past few years and it has exceeded supply.
There has also been an upward swing on the real estate price values in the recent
years. Due to the huge demand and rising prices, investment and speculative
interest in real estate is growing while excess money supply, stock market gains
and policy changes are adding to the trend in favor of the real estate sector.
2.In the last one year, the capital values of the commercial office spaces has
increased by up to 40% owing to the increase in the demand from IT / ITES and BPO
sector across major metros in India.
3.India has a distinct regulatory and financing management in place.
Tremendous growth has been taking place in both residential as well as commercial
segments that is attracting huge investments phenomenal price escalation (more
than 100% in several places) in last couple of years.
Lower interest rates, easy availability of housing finance, burgeoning income and
better job prospects, increase of nuclear families have given a boost to the demand
for residential properties in India. The net yields (after accounting for all outgoings)
on residential property are currently at 4-6% p.a. However, these investments have
benefited from the improving residential capital values. As such, investors can
count on potential capital gains to improve their overall returns. Capital values in
the residential sector have risen by about 25-40% p.a in the last 2 years.
The retail market in India has been growing due to increasing demand from
retailers, higher disposable incomes and opening up of FDI in Retail. The capital
appreciation in this sector is close to 20-35% p.a. However, the risks associated with
this sector are higher as retailers are prone to cyclical changes typical of a business
cycle. Changing consumer behavior combined with increasing disposable incomes
will ensure further growth of the retail sector in India.
In the present day scenario, if there is any powerful investment tool that brings
burgeoning financial returns, it is INDIAN REAL ESTATE!!! Investors should consider
the parameters minutely and meticulously to find out why investing in Indian real
estate now is the best viable option.
The growth curve of Indian economy is at an all time high and contributing to the
upswing is the real estate sector in particular. Investments in Indian real estate
have been strongly taking up over other options for domestic as well as foreign
investors.
The boom in the sector has been so appealing that real estate has turned out to be
a convincing investment as compared to other investment vehicles such as capital
and debt markets and bullion market. It is attracting investors by offering a
possibility of stable income yields, moderate capital appreciations, tax structuring
benefits and higher security in comparison to other investment options.
The potential of India's property market has a revolutionizing effect on the overall
economy of India as it transforms the skyline of the Indian cities mobilizing
investments segments ranging from commercial, residential, retail, industrial,
hospitality, healthcare etc. But maximum growth is attributed to its growth from the
booming IT sector, since an estimated 70 per cent of the new construction is for the
IT sector.
Real estate industry research has also thrown light on investment opportunities in
the commercial office segment in India. The demand for office space is expected to
increase significantly in the next few years, primarily driven by the IT and ITES
industry that requires an projected office space of more than 367 million sq ft till
2012-13.
Accounting for over 10 per cent of the country's GDP and around eight per cent of
the employment retailing in India is gradually inching its way toward becoming the
next boom industry. And if industry experts are to be believed, the prospects of
both the sectors are mutually dependent on each other.
Another emerging trend in real estate sector in India is investment in the hospitality
or hotel industry. The exceptional boom in inbound tourism and the IT sector has
also led to an unprecedented shortage of rooms, with hotels all over the country
witnessing their highest-ever occupancy rates.
Moreover, as real estate sector expands beyond the city limits with government
promoting industrial belts, real estate developers are eyeing special economic
zones (SEZs) as an extension of their business. Several upcoming special economic
zones are also expected to provide the momentum to the commercial office space
development in related area where the land comes cheaper; and a SEZ developer is
entitled for tax exemptions like a 10-year corporate tax holiday.
On the whole, Indian real estate sector is slated to mark the growth to $40-50 billion
in the next five years. Also, India is witnessing developments of hi tech cities, a
trend that has been embraced by most Indian cities.
Further, India's improving image, as a corporate base for Asian markets and strong
growth opportunities in emerging sectors such as financial services,
pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, and biotechnology will also boost demand
and broaden the occupier base.
Not surprisingly, most foreign investors have aimed India in a big way, largely
through joint ventures. Along with curtailing the risk factor, it provides the
participating companies an exit route. Since 2005, when FDI in Indian real estate
sector was permitted, US $7-8 billion have been parked in.