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section
y
ΔA Area
•Geometrical property and depends on its
x R = ∫ kydA = k ∫ ydA reference axis.
Î the smallest value occurs at the axis passing
through the centroid.
ΔF=kyΔA M = ∫ ky 2dA = k ∫ y 2dA
1 2
y A dI x = y dA 2
x dI y = x dA
2
dy
J z = ∫ ( x 2 + y 2 )dA dI y = x 2 dA
x y
A
J z = Ix + Iy x
a
3 4 dI x = y dA
2
dA = bdy
dI x = y 2 bdy
bd
h
dy
y
I x = ∫0h b y 2dy = 1 bh 3
x 3
b
5 6
1
Moment of Inertia (Circular Area) y Radius of Gyration
r du The distance kx is referred to as the radius of
dJO = u 2dA u
x gyration of the area with respect to the x-axis.
O
y A
dA = 2πudu
Ix = k A 2
x
The distance ky is referred to as the radius of The distance ko is referred to as the radius of
gyration of the area with respect to the y-axis. gyration of the area with respect to the x-axis.
y
y A
Iy = k A 2
y
JO = k A 2
O
A
Iy JO
ky =
ky
kO = ko
x
A x
A
9 10
Example A Solution
y
y2 = 100x
y
y2 = 100x
I x = ∫ y 2 dA
A
Find the moment I x = ∫ y 2 (100 − x)dy
100
−100
100 mm of inertia of the 2
y y
x
h d d area
shaded x
I x = ∫−100100 y 2 (100 − )dy
d
about the x-axis. 100
I x = 26.67x106 mm4
100 mm
ANSWER:
11 12
2
Example B Solution
y
y I y = ∫ x2dA
A
x
75 mm Find the moment I y = ∫075 x2 (225− y)dx
of inertia of the 2
x
shaded
h d d area
about the y-axis.
I y = ∫075 x2 (225− )dy
x2 = 25y 25
x2 = 25y
x ANSWER: I y = 12.66x106 mm4
x
13 14
Example C Solution
y
y I x = ∫ y 2 dA
A
Determine the
moment of I x = ∫ y 2 y 2 dy
10
0
inertia of the
shaded area I x = ∫010 y 4 dy
y
y2 = 100 - x about the x-axis.
y2 = 100 - x
x ANSWER: I x = 20x103 mm4
x
100 mm
15 16
Moments of Inertia of
Assignment:
Common Areas
y
Find the moment of
y = 2 sin x
inertia of the shaded
area about its vertical
centroidal axis.
x
0 π
17 18
3
Parallel Axis Theorem Inertia of the shaded area about the x’ axis is
I X ' = ∫ ( y ' ) 2 dA
A
y’ x’ Since y’ = y + b, then
a
y I X ' = ∫ ( y + b) 2 dA
A
= ∫ y 2 dA + 2b ∫ ydA + b 2 ∫ dA
A A A
x dA
C r y I X ' = I X + Ab 2
z x
In a similar manner, it can be shown that
d
b y’ I y ' = I y + Aa 2
21 22
Solution Solution I x = I x1 + I x 2
I x = I x1 + I x 2 bh 3 bh
I x1 = + (1.8) 2
I xi = I xi + Ai d i
2
where 36 2
0.9 m
(1.8)(0.9) 3 (1.8)(0.9)(1.8) 2
Components: I x1 = + = 2.66085 m 4
36 2
1.5 m PARALLEL AXIS THEOREM
I x1 = I x + A1d1 bh 3
2
I x2 = + bh (0.75) 2
1
12
1.8 m
(1.8)(1.5) 3
I x2 = + (1.8)(1.5)(0.75) 2 = 2.025m 4
I x 2 = I x + A2 d 2
2
2
12
ANSWER: I x = 4.68585m 4
23 24
4
y
Example E Solution
y
100 mm I yT = I y1 + I y 2
Determine the I yi = I yi + Ai d i
where 2
100 mm
radius of gyration
100 mm of the shaded
area with respect Components: PARALLEL AXIS THEOREM
to y-axis. 1
bh3 bh ⎛ 100 ⎞
2
I y1 = I y + A1d1
2
I y1 = + ⎜ ⎟ = 16.67 x10
6
100 mm 36 2 ⎝ 3 ⎠
π (100) 4
2 I y2 = I y I y2 = = 39.27 x106
8
25 26
Solution
I yT = I y1 + I y2 I yT = 55.94x106 Example F
y
I yT
Radius of Gyration ky = AT = A1 + A2 150 mm 75 mm
Obtain the
AT
moment of
(200)(100) π (100)2 50 mm inertia of the
AT = + = 25.71x103 composite area
2 2 about the y-
100 mm
55.94x106 axis
ky = = 46.65mm
25.71x103
60 mm
ANSWER: k y = 46.65mm
27 28
y
150 mm 75 mm Solution Solution
50 mm
I yT = I y1 + I y 2 − I y3 I y1 =
(150)(150)3
+ (150)(150)(75)2 = 168.75x106
12
I yi = I yi + Ai d i
2
where
(100)(75)3
100 mm I y2 = + (75)(100)(187.5)2 = 267.1875x106
12
PARALLEL AXIS THEOREM
π (60)4 π (60) 2
60 mm
bh3
I y3 = + (60)2 = 25.447x106
I y1 = I y + A1d12 I y1 = 1 1 + b1h1d12 8 2
1
12
b2 h23 I yT = I y1 + I y2 − I y3 = 410.5x106 mm4
Components: 2 I y2 = I y I y2 = + b2 h2 d 2 2
12
3
I y 3 = I y + A3d 32 I y3 =
πr 4 πr 2
+ d 32
ANSWER: I yT = 410.5 x106 mm 4
8 2
29 30