TERM PAPER

OF
OPERATING SYSTEM
CSE (316)

TOPIC: WHICH OPERATING SYSTEM IS USED

TO HANDLE COMPUTER NETWORK, HOW IT
WORKS ON LAN

Submitted to: Submitted

by:
MISS.HARLEEN KAUR ASHISH KUMAR
ROLL NO-RD1802A17
SECTION-D1802
GROUP-1
REG.NO-10800114
Contents:-
o Abstract

o Operating system

o Types of operating system

o Operating structure

o Local area network

o Networking operating system

o Examples

o Description about windows NT

o Advantages and disadvantages

o bibliography

o references
 operating system is a main
central part of computer.
Operating system provides a
way to build and run software
and various program called
application program.
Abstract:- This term paper Operating system software
runs not just on laptop
covers which operating
computers but also on cell
system handle networking. it phones, network routers and
includes types and some other so-called embedded
features of networking devices. The application
operating system. This term programs must be written to
covers with advantages and run on top of a particular
disadvantages of windows NT operating system. The most
popular operating systems are
and difference between
DOS, OS/2, and Windows,
window NT and Unix. but others are available, such
as UNIX and LINUX.
operating system:-

Types of operating
system:-

Operating systems can be

classified as follows:

1) mainframe system: -
mainframe computer
systems were the first
computers used to
tackle many
commercial and
scientific applications.
2) Batch system: - the
operating system in
these early computers
 was fairly simple. its importance. Such
major task was to systems have more
transfer control than one processor in
automatically form one close communication,
job to next. The sharing the computer
operating system was bus, the clock, and
always reside in sometimes memory
memory to speed up and peripheral devices.
processing; operators
batched together jobs
with similar needs and Operating system
ran them through the
structure:-
computer as a group.
3) Multiprogrammed
system: -- the most
important aspect of job
scheduling is the
ability to
multiprogramming. A
single user cannot, in
general, keep either the
CPU or the I/O devices
busy at all times.
Multiprogramming
increases CPU
utilization by
organizing jobs so that
the CPU always has
one to execute.
4) Time-sharing system:-
it is a logical extension
of multiprogramming.
The CPU executes The operating system provides
multiple jobs by two main functions.
switching among
them, but the switches • Manage h/w devices: -
occur so frequently The first function is to
that the users can manage the basic
interact with each hardware operations
program while it is such as control of I/O
running. devices, storage space,
5) Multiprocessor detecting equipment
system:- these are failure, and
growing in
 management of
storage.
• Interaction: - The
second function is to
manage and interact
with the applications
software. It takes over
the tasks of printing
and saving data.
Lan:- lan stands for local
area network:- A local area
network (LAN) is a type of
network which supplies
networking capability to a
group of computers in
shorter area such as in an
office building, a school, or a
home and responsible for
sharing hardware resources
like files, printers, games or
other applications. Some
LANs are built with
inexpensive hardware such as
Ethernet cables, network
adapters, and hubs and
switches. Wireless LAN and
other more advanced LAN
hardware options also exist.
For example, Microsoft
Windows provide a software
package called Internet
Connection Sharing (ICS) that
supports controlled access to
LAN resources.
Example:
Ethernet LAN is the most
common type of LAN. It is
the smallest home LAN and a
large LAN can accommodate
many thousands of computers.
Some LANs are categorized
into small logical groups such
as subnets. An Internet
Protocol (IP) "Class A" LAN
can in theory accommodate
more than 16 million devices
organized into subnets.
Network Operating
a Systems :-
Some operating system
supports some software which
is responsible for networking
such as an implementation of
TCP/IP protocol stack and
related utility programs like
ping and trace route.
Operating system supports
necessary device drivers and
other software which is
automatically enables Ethernet
interface device. Mobile
devices also normally provide
the programs needed to enable
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or other
wireless connectivity.
Microsoft support basic
networking capability into its
operating system starting with
Windows 95 and Windows for
Workgroups. Microsoft also
introduced its Internet • Windows NT - this is
Connection Sharing (ICS) used for multiple
feature in Windows 98 Second processors and
perform multitasking.
Edition (Win98 SE) .operating
it also and run on Intel
systems today qualifies as a or RISC computers.
network operating system due • Windows 95 - this
to the popularity of the perform opposite
Internet. It is used to run functionality of
computers that act as servers. windows NT. This is
They support the capabilities not use for multiple
processors or run on
required for network operation
RISC computers. It
and also designed for client can use older drivers.
computers. Networking • Novell Netware- this
operating systems provide operating system is the
some basic functions such as latest update. This
file and print sharing, security, operating system
client and server functionality provides transparent
ad some networking services remote file access and
i.e.backingup other distributed
network services,
including printer
sharing and support for
various applications
such as transferring e-
mail messages and
accessing database
files.

data, users administrative.

Windows NT - Windows
NT is a most supportive and
useful networking operating
Network Operating systems which is designed for
System Examples clients and businesses and
provide many capabilities
such as Microsoft successor
operating system, Windows
2000.
Two products are used: -
1) Microsoft NT
Workstation: - it is
designed for clients, especially
for businesses users, who need
faster performance and a
system a little more fail- safe
than windows 95 an windows
98.
Microsoft says that 32-bit
applications run 20% faster on
this system than on Windows
95 (assuming both have 32
megabytes of RAM). Since
older 16-bit applications run
in a separate address space,
one can crash without
crashing other applications or
the operating system. Security
and management features not
available on Windows 95 are
provided. The Workstation
has the same desktop user
interface as Windows 95.
2) Windows NT
Server: it is designed for
business machines which need
network- attached services.
This server together with an
internet server such as
Microsoft’s internet
information server which is
required for windows system
for web pages.
This server is the second most
installed network server
operating system after
Novell's NetWare operating
system. NT servers are
replaced both NetWare and
the various UNIX-based
systems such as those of Sun
Microsystems and Hewlett-
Packard. Some main features
of the Windows 2000 products
are:
• It is a fully-
customizable
administrative console
which is based on
tasks rather than files,
applications, or users.
• A new file directory
such as AD (Active
Directory) that
supports the
administrator view and
other users view and
support every file and
application in the
network from a single
point-of-view.
• Dynamic Domain
Name Server (DNS),
some changes occur in
 the network using the
Active Directory
Services, the Dynamic
Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP), and
the Windows Internet
Naming Service
(WINS) whenever
clients need some
reconfiguration.
• An ability to create,
extend, modify or
mirror a disk volume
without having to shut
down the computer
system and to back up
data to a variety of
magnetic and optical
Advantages of Windows
storage disk such as NT:-
hard disk and floppy
disk. Today Windows NT server
• A Distributed File used for networking which
System (DFS) that supplies many capabilities due
allows users to check a to their advantages. These
distributed set of files are:-
in a single file
structure across o Windows NT server is
departments, divisions, developed and sold by
or an entire company. Microsoft. It provides
• It is responsible for supports and updates.
close integration which Many Users who are
supports Microsoft's familiar with
Message Queue Microsoft Windows
Server, Microsoft will find themselves
Transaction Server, comfortably using
and Internet Windows NT.
Information Server o Many users supports
(IIS). Windows NT hosting
utilize Active Server
Pages technology. This
is the main reason why
people are turning to
Windows NT hosting.
o Most Users can
develop web site using
 familiar interface of applications in NT
Microsoft tools such as server.
Microsoft FrontPage, o If we are using
Visual Interdev, and Windows NT (2000)
Microsoft Access. hosting services, we
With ASP users can may find ourself
develop a database- investing a lot of
driven web site using money in the
Microsoft Access and development tools.
Microsoft SQL as the Most of them are
database. Microsoft products.

Difference between NT
Disadvantages of and UNIX:-
windows NT:-

Windows NT server has some Windows NT and UNIX both

disadvantages. These are:- operating systems are the most
powerful operating system
o Windows NT requires which provide excellent
more system resource. platforms for Web hosting,
Users need a most and they perform well. But
powerful host or some differences are follow.
machine to run These are:-
Windows NT server.
o The Windows NT does • Windows NT supports
not have a good most Microsoft
reputation in term of products which
server stability. It includes Microsoft
required reboot more FrontPage. It is a
frequent than Unix. popular Web authoring
o The costs of tool.
applications that can • Windows NT supports
run on web server are Active Server Pages
usually higher than which is a popular
that of Unix. For programming that
example, we can find a allows users to build
lot of free scripts to dynamically database-
run chat room, web driven web pages.
stats, email for Unix- • Some Remote
based web site, but we interactive access, via
will not find any free telnet is only
 supported under
UNIX. REFERENCES:-
• The majorities of
existing CGI programs • http://www.ehow.c
that are available on
om/about_5480138
the Internet have been
developed on Unix _networking
platforms and install operating
and operate much
more smoothly under
system.html
Unix operating system.
• wiki.answers.com/
Bibliography:- Q/operating system

Operating system • http://www.aaxnet.

concepts, 6th edition by com/topics/lan.html
silberschatz and galvin