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EIGRP OSPF ISIS BGP MULTICAST IPv6

Cisco Proprietary, Hybrid Routing Protocol, Fast Link State Routing Protocol, Max Numb of router Link State Routing Protocol, Open Standard, OSI Model, Path Vector Routing Protocol, TCP id used for A host membership report (IGMP 128 bits long, header contains the next header field, routers
convergence (DUAL), VLSM, Discontiguous per area: 50, No more than 2 areas per ABR, Area Intermediate = Router, Require na OSI address (CLNS), reliability. IBGP = do not need be directly message) is sent when a network client send RA messages. All interfaces have a link-local
subnets, Manual Route Summarization, Partial 0 (Backbone), All areas must connect to area 0, All Support IP and VLSM, Uses SPF, Difficult to understand, connected. BGP Split horizon: router learned wants to join a multicast group. address. An interface can have multiple anycast adress.
Updates, Multiple Layer 3 Protocol, Multicast router in an area have the same topology table, Summarizable address plan, Two level hierarchy, L1 learn via IBGP are never propagated to others IBGP PIM DM - The (S,G) state exists in every ::/0 is the default route, ::/128 is the unspecified address.
Updates, Incremental Updates, Load Balance, Use Dijkstra Algorithim, Router ID (command, paths within the areas, L2 learn paths between the areas. peers. A full-mesh IBGP requires that neighbors router, regardless of the presence of an IPv6 router solicitation is a request made by a node for
Supernets loopback, physical interface), Capable of supporting IPv4 and IPv6. More efficient than relationships be established between all BGP RPF interface. the IP add of the local router.
OSPF in the use of cpu resources. Network devices must enabled routers in the AS. PIM SM - Group members are joined to be An automatic 6to4 tunnel allows multiple IPv4 destinations.
be configured to use OSI CLNS protocol. Each ES-IS In EBGP a static route can be used to form an shared tree by their local designated route. Each host can autoconfigure its address without the aid of
router requires a NET address. adjacency between neighbors. a DHCP server.

Key Technologies: RTP, PDM, DUAL RFC 2328: Down, Init, 2-Way, Exstart, Exchange, Weight () debug ip dhcp server events / packets:
loading, and Full. Local Preference (Highest ) DHCPDISCOVER receiveid from client
Originate Route () Sending DHCPOFFER to client
AS-Path () DHCPREQUEST receiveid from client
MED () Sending DHCPACK to client
Metric: MTU, bandwidth, delay, loading, Metric: Cost (100/bw) >1 metric: Cost (All routers support metric: metric:
reliability Default: bandwidth (default 50% on the default metric of Cost. Delay, Expense, and Error are Metric for Redistribuited BGP routes: 1
56k => 100 / 56 = 1785
Wan links), delay (IGRP * 256) optional metrics.)
64k => 100 / 64 = 1562
T1=1544=65, E1=2048=48,
value 0 - 63 (default 10 to each interface)
Eyh=10, Fath=1

hello packet to the multicast ip 224.0.0.10. hello packet to the multicast ip 224.0.0.5 to all IGMP message are IP datagrams with a FF02::2 => all routers in a local segments.
hello message are no sent out the specified neighbors and 224.0.0.6 will advertise to DR/BDR protocol value 2, destination address An edge route must use IPv6 address of 2002/::16 in its
interface when use passive-interface command. when link goes down. 224.0.0.2, and a TTL value of 1. prefix.
hello message are no sent out the specified 2001:0d02:0000:0000:0014:0000:0000:0095 =>
interface when use passive-interface command. 2001:d02::14:0:0:95 e 2001:d02:0:0:14::95
FF02::6 all DR on the link-local scope (OSPF)
0:0:0:0:0:0:0 => ::1 => Loopback

Packet types: hello (5, 60sec), ack (unreliable), Packet types: hello (10 sec (broadcast, p2p), PDU: hello, LSP, PSNP, CSNP Packet types: RS (Router Solicitation) RA (Router Advertisement (life
update query, reply (reliable) 60sec (NBMA, FR, ATM)), DBD, LSR, LSU, time of the prefix, prefixes for the link))
LSAck. Hello PDU (ESH, ISH, IS-IS Hello [IIH])
hold time => 3 * hello (15, 180 sec.)
Obs.: 4 hello packet before died.
K values: k1:1, k2:1, k3:0, k4:0, k5:0 LSA Type 1: Router LSA. LSA Type 2: Network Level 1-2 =~ ABR RP
LSA (DR generated). LSA Type 3: Summary LSA L1 IS and L1/L2 IS provide intra-area routing services.
(ABR Summary Route), LSA Type 4: Summary Level 0 routing = between ES's and IS's on the same
LSA (ASBR Location). LSA Type 5: External LSA subnet. OSI routing begins at this level. Level 3 routing =
(ASBR Summary Route, Default route depicted as between separate domains. Similar to BGP. Level 1
in the OSPF database), LSA Type 9: Interarea routing = Between IS's on the same area (area routing).
prefix LSA. Level 2 routing = inter-area routing.

S - Sucessor (routing table) DR - DIS - Designated Intermediate System


FS - Feasible Sucessor (topology table): The BDR - If the DIS crashes a new election process occurs
AD of FS route is less than the FD of the current immediately, establishing a new DIS until a router with a
S route. Stub Area - Blocks type 5 LSAs from entering. No higher priority or MAC address establishes na adjacency.
FD virtual links are allowed. Cannot be a backbone
AD area. No ASBR are allowed.
Active Route Totally Stubby Area - Blocks type 3,4,and 5 from
Passive Route entering. On the ABR (router ospf X -> area X stub
no-summary)
NSSA - Passes external routes throught via type 7
LSA, convert back to type 5 once they reach the
backbone
Backbone Area = Area 0
Ordinary or Standard Area

Network Types: Broadcast Multi-access (Eth,


TR. Single Operation, DR/BDR), Point-to-Point
(T1, ISDN, BRI/PRI. Single Operation. No
DR/BDR), NBMA (FR, X25, ATM. 5 Operation
(Non Broadcat (RFC, DR/BDR), Point-to-
Multipoint (RFC, no DR/BDR), Point-to-
Multipoint Non Broadcast (Cisco, no DR/BDR),
Broadcast (Cisco, DR/BDR), Point-to-Point
(Cisco, no DR/BDR))).

Tables: Topology Table, Neighbor Table, IP Tables: Topology Table, Neighbor Table, IP Tables: BGP topology table.
Routing Table Routing Table BGP attribute table.

Administrative Distance: EIGRP Summary


Route: 5

Authentication: MD5 packet, key ID, key are Authentication: MD5 (hashed), Simple (clear text)
used to generate the message digest)
Commands Commands Commands Commands Commands Commands
router eigrp <AS numb> router ospf <process ID>
network <networks> network <networks>
router isis
net <system-id>
ip router isis : enable isis on each interface router bgp <100> router router
clear clear clear clear clear ip mroute => display the new routing clear
table information

sh ip eigrp traffic: packets sent and received, sh ip ospf: display the number of time that SPF
statistics on hello, update query, reply e ack has been executed

sh ip eigrp interface: indicates the number of sh ip ospf interfaces and sh ip ospf: verify the
EIGRP peer routers on an interface. router ID
sh interface: display the 2 values used in
calculation of the EIGRP metric

sh ip eigrp neighbor: verify the hold time. sh ip ospf neighbor: verify adjacencies. sh ip show clns neighbors: display the adjacencies sh ip bgp summary: display the IBGP and ipv6 ospf process-id => enable OSPF for IPv6.
ospf interfaces: verify neighbors adjacencies two. EBGP neighbors that are configured.

sh ip eigrp tropology: display an indication if a sh ip ospf database external: display only the sh isis tropology: list the System IDs of all known IS-IS ipv6 ospf 1 area 0: it must be issued in interface
network is in SAI. type 5 LSAs in the OSPF topology database. routers. configuration to enable the OSPF process for IPv6.
(XXX / YYY)
FD / AD
sh ip route sh ip route: verify route redistribution show isis route: displays the Level-1 routing table in
[XX / YY] Integrated IS-IS
AD / Métrica
sh ip protocols: display K value settings sh ip protocol: display parameters such as filter, show isis database: see the IS-IS level-2 routing
default metric, maximum path and number of area. database table
Verify redistribution configuration.

ip default-network <network number> or ip neighbor X.X.X.X peer-group internal => the (config)# ip pim rp-address 10.10.10.1 =>
route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 => create a default route. peer group shotens the IBGP configuration configure the ip address of the rendezvous
(Q227) point (RP)

Router eigrp <AS numb>


network <networks>

ip summary-address eigrp 101 10.1.32.0 (config-router)# area 1 range 192.168.0.0


255.255.248.0 => manual summarization on the 255.255.0.0 (ABR).
interface. (config-router)# summary-address 172.16.0.0
Route Summarization is used to contain 255.255.0.0 (ASBR).
EIGRP queries.

ip bandwidth-percent eigrp 200 80 =>

accept-lifetime 04:00:00 Jan 1 2006 infinite =>


a key is acceptable for use on received packets
from the first Jan 2006 onward

ip authentication mode eigrp 100 md5 =>


MD5 authentication in AS 100

debug eigrp packets => authentication debug ip dhcp server events / packets:
DHCPDISCOVER receiveid from client
Sending DHCPOFFER to client
DHCPREQUEST receiveid from client
Sending DHCPACK to client

eigrp stub => advertise directly connected and Advertise all local interface over OSPF:
summary route. Prevents queries. (config)# router ospf 1
eigrp stub receive-only (config-router)# redistribute connected
Abbreviation Abbreviation Abbreviation Abbreviation Abbreviation Abbreviation
EIGRP - Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing OSPF - Open Shortest Path First IS-IS - Intermediate System to Intermediate System BGP - Border Gateway Protocol IGMP - Internet Group Managment Protocol
Protocol DR - Designated Router ES-IS - End System to Intermediate System iBGP - Internal Border Gateway Protocol RP - Redevouz Point
RTP - Reliable Transport Protocol BDR - Backup Designated Router ISH - Intermediate System Hello eBGP - Esternal Border Gateway Protocol PIM-SM - Protocol Independent Multicast
SIA - Stuck in Active (3 min.) LSA - Link State Advertisement ESH - End System Hello ISP - Internet Service Provider Sparse Mode (uses a pull model)
NBMA - Non-broadcast Multi-access LSU - Link State Update IIH - Intermediate System to Intermediate System Hello MED - Multiple Exit Discriminator PIM-DM - Protocol Independent Multicast
CIR - Committed Information Rate LSAck - Link State Ack SNP - Sequence Number Packet Dense Mode (uses a push model)
NSSA - Not-so-Stub Area CSNP - Complete Sequence Number Packet TTL - Time to Live
ABR - Area Border Router (inject default route on PSNP - Partial Sequence Number Packet RPF - Reverse Path Forwarding
totally stubby and stub Areas) CLNP - Connectionless Network Protocol
ASBR - Autonomous System Boundary Router DIS - Designated Intermediate System
NBMA - Non-broadcast Multi-access PDU - Protocol Data Unit
DDP - Database Description Packet
NET - Network Entity Title
NSAP - Network Service Access Point
CLNS - Connectionless Network Protocol
AFI - Authority and Format Identifier
IDI - Initial Domain Identifier
IDP - Initial Domain Part
DSP - Domain Specific Part
HO-DSP -
NSEL - Network Selector
TLV - Type, Length, Value
LSDB -
SPNA -
PRC - Partial Route Calculations

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