NOTES
meals. Head and Neck= 9%
68. Never give K+ in IV push.
69. mineral corticoids are give in
Addison’s disease.
70. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)=
when body is breaking down fat
3 instead of
sugar for energy. Fats leave ketones
4 (acids) that cause pH to decrease.
71. DKA is rare in diabetes mellitus
type II because there is enough
5
insulin to prevent breakdown of fats.
72. Sign of fat embolism is
petechiae. Treated with heparin.
6 73. for knee replacement use
continuous passive motion machine.
7 74. give prophylactic antibiotic
therapy before any invasive
procedure.
8 75. glaucoma patients lose peripheral
vision. Treated with meds
76. cataract= cloudy, blurry vision.
Treated by lens removal-surgery
9 77. Co2 causes vasoconstriction.
50. Med of choice for CHF is Ace 78. most spinal cord injuries are at
inhibitor. the cervical or lumbar regions
51. Med of choice for anaphylactic 79. autonomic dysreflexia ( life
shock is Epinephrine threatening inhibited sympathetic
52. Med of choice for Status response
Epilepticus is Valium. of nervous system to a noxious
53. Med of choice for bipolar is stimulus- patients with spinal cord
lithium. injuries
54. Amiodorone is effective in both at T-7 or above) is usually caused by
ventricular and atrial complications. a full bladder.
55. S3 sound is normal in CHF, not 80. spinal shock occurs immediately
normal in MI. after spinal injury
56. give carafate (GI med) before 81. Multiple sclerosis= myelin sheat
meals to coat stomach destruction, disruption in nerve
57. Protonix is given impulse conduction.
prophylactically to prevent stress 82. myasthenia gravis= decrease in
ulcers. receptor sites for acetylcholine.
58. after endoscopy check gag reflex. Since
59. TPN(total parenteral nutrition) smallest concentration of ACTH
given in subclavian line. receptors are in cranial nerves,
60. low residue diet means low fiver expect fatigue
61. diverticulitis (inflammation of and weakness in eye, mastication,
the diverticulum in the colon) pain is pharyngeal muscles.
around LL quadrant. 83. Tensilon test given if muscle is
62. Appendicitis (inflammation of tense in myasthenia gravis.
the appendix) pain is in RL quadrant 84. Guillain-Barre syndrome=
with ascending paralysis. Keep eye on
rebound tenderness. respiratory
63. portal hypotension + system.
albuminemia= Ascites. 85. parkinson’s = RAT: rigidity,
64. beta cells of pancreas produce akinesia (loss of muscle mvt),
insulin tremors.
65. Morphine is contraindicated in Treat with levodopa.
Pancreatitis. It causes spasm of the 86. TIA (transient ischemic attack)
Sphincter of Oddi. Therefore mini stroke with no dead brain tissue
Demerol should be given. 87. CVA (cerebrovascular accident)
66. Trousseau and Tchovoski signs is with dead brain tissue.
observed in hypocalcemia 88. Hodgkin’s disease= cancer of
67. with chronic pancreatitis, lymph is very curable in early stage.
pancreatic enzymes are given with 89. Rule of NINES for burns
Each upper ext= 9%
Each lower ext= 18%
10
Front trunk= 18%
Back trunk= 18%
Genitalia= 1% ?
90. Birth weight doubles by 6 month
and triple by 1 year of age.
91. if HR is <100 do not give dig to
children.
92. first sign of cystic fibrosis may
be meconium ileus at birth. Baby is
inconsolable, do not eat, not passing
meconium.
93. heart defects. Remember for
cyanotic -3T’s( Tof, Truncys
arteriosus,
Transposition of the great vessels).
Prevent blood from going to heart. If
problem does not fix or cannot be
corrected surgically, CHF will occur
following by death.
94. with R side cardiac cath=look for
valve problems
95. with L side in adults look for
coronary complications.
96. rheumatic fever can lead to
cardiac valves malfunctions.
97. cerebral palsy = poor muscle
control due to birth injuries and/or
decrease oxygen to brain tissues.
98. ICP (intracranial pressure) should
be <2. measure head circonference.
99. dilantin level (10-20). Can cause
gingival hyperplasia
100. for Meningitis check for
Kernig’s/ Brudzinski’s signs.
101. Wilm’s tumor is usually
encapsulated above the kidneys
causing flank
pain.
102. hemophilia is x-linked. Mother
passes disease to son.
103. when phenylalanine increases,
brain problems occur.
104. Buck’s traction= knee
immobility
105. Russell traction= femur or
lower leg
106. Dunlap traction= skeletal or
skin
107. Bryant’s traction= children <3y,
<35 lbs with femur fx.
108. place apparatus first then place
the weight when putting traction
109. placenta should be in upper part
of uterus
110. eclampsia is seizure.
111. a patient with a vertical c-
section surgery will more likely have
another c-section.
112. perform amniocentesis before
20 weeks gestation to check for 1. To remember how to draw up Agitation
cardiac INSULIN think: Low grade fever
and pulmonary abnormalities. Nicole Richie RN (a teacher taught Thirst
113. Rh- mothers receive rhogam to us this is school, thought it was Developmental
protect next baby. funny and never forgot it!!!)
114. anterior fontanelle closes by 18 Air into NPH, then air into regular, 2-3 months: turns head side to side
months. Posterior 6 to 8 weeks. draw up regular then draw up NPH 4-5 months: grasps, switch & roll
115. caput succedaneum= diffuse 2. HYPERthyroidism think of 6-7 months: sit at 6 and waves bye-
edema of thefe tal scalp that crosses MICHAEL JACKSON in bye
the THRILLER! 8-9 months: standsstr aight ateight
suture lines. Swelling reabsorbs SKINNY, NERVOUS, BULDGING 10-11 months: belly to butt (phrase
within 1 to 3 days. EYES, Up all night, heart beating has 10 letters)
116. pathological jaundice= occurs fast 12-13 months: twelve andup, drink
before 24hrs and last7 days. Atropine used to decrease secretions from acup
Physiological jaundice occurs after Phenergan an antiemetic used to Hepatitis
24 hours. reduce nausea
117. placenta previa = there is no Diazepam is a commonly used Hepatitis: -ends in aVOWEL, comes
pain, there is bleeding. Placenta tranquilizer given to reduce anxiety from theBOWEL (Hep A)
abruption = pain, but no bleeding. before OR Hepatitis B=Blood and Bodily fluids
118. bethamethasone Hepatitis C is just like B
Demerol is for pain control
(celestone)=surfactant. Med for lung Do not give demerol to pts. with
expansion. sickle cell crisis.
119. dystocia= baby cannot make it Iron injections should be given Z-
down to canal track so they don't leak into SQ
120. pitocin med used for uterine tissues.
stimulation
121. Magnesium sulfate(used to halt All
preterm labor) is contraindicated if Physicians
deep tendon reflexes are ineffective. Earn
If patient experiences seizure during Too
magnesium adm. Get the baby out Much
stat (emergency). Money
122. Do not use why or I understand Or APE ToMan
statement when dealing with patients Cranial Nerves: *I am sorry if this
123. milieu therapy= taking care of vulgar for some, but hey, it sticks
patient/environment Sensory=S Motor=M Both=B
124. cognitive therapy= counseling Oh (Olfactory I)
125. crisis intervention=short term. Some
126. FIVE INTERVENTIONS FOR Oh (Optic II)
PSYCH PATIENTS Say
-safety Oh (Oculomotor III)
-setting limits Marry
11 To (Trochlear IV)
-establish trusting relationship Money
-meds Touch (Trigeminal V)
-leas restrictive But
methods/environment. And
126. SSRI’s (antidepressants) take (Abducens VI)
about 3 weeks to work. My
127. Obsession is to thought. Feel (Facial VII)
Compulsion is to action Brother
128. if patients have hallucinations A (Auditory VIII)
redirect them. In delusions distract Says
them. Girls (Glossopharyngeal IX) Big
129. Thorazine, haldol Vagina (Vagus X)
(antipsychotic) can lead to EPS
(extrapyramidal side Bras
effects) And (Accessory XI)
130. Alzheimer’s disease is a Matter
chronic, progressive, degenerative Hymen (Hypoglassal XII)
cognitive More
disorder that accounts for more than 12
60% of all dementias Hyper natremia (greater than 145)
Skin flushed