Using Java in The Oracle Frameworks

Using Java in the
Oracle Frameworks
Lance Reedy
Java Architect
Release 11i Workshops

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2
Agenda
uExplore the use of - (($SSOLFDWLRQ6HUYHU
Java technologies in
l OAF
l ADF 6HUYOHW
l OC4J - 6(
uWrap-up

3
Relevant History
uThe move from native clients to web clients

l With the rise of the web browser, the vast majority of
“code” can reside on the server, and only the user
interface can exist on the client
uThe development of the Java 2 platform
l A common language that can run on most flavors of
UNIX as well as Win32
uThe development of new device platforms able to
run web browsers
l Cell phone, PDA, bar code scanners, …

4
Early Standards
uServer side languages included

l CGI-BIN programming – first generation
l Servlets – first generation of Java
l JSP – second generation, complementary to Servlets
uHTML and JavaScript on the client

5
Java Editions
uJava 2 Standard Edition (J2SE)

l What we typically think of as Java on a server
uJava Plug-in
l The J2SE environment that is designed specifically to
run inside a web browser
l Not feature limited, but very ability limited
uJava 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE)
l Designed to be a cross platform application server
l Sun provides the API specifications, and a reference
implementation of them

6
Java Editions…cont’d
uJDK
l Java developers Kit – specifically the core Java
language (J2SE) developers kit
uJ2EE SDK
l The API libraries, compiler, and documentation needed
to write a J2EE application
l Includes the reference application server

7
Adding Java
u As a language Java has the flexibility of running on both

sides of the client / server model
u Uses different programming models for each platform

8
JInitiator – New Client
uIs Oracle’s licensed JVM

uUsed on client platform to provide a consistent
environment
uExecutes within the client’s web browser to run
things like Forms based modules in E-Business
Suite 11i

9
What is OAF
uBased on early web standards and technologies

uAn attempt to introduce abstraction into application
design
l Separation of components into layers
l Connections only between adjoining layers
uBy separating the display from the business logic
change becomes easier
uMechanism for personalization, design pattern for
extension

10
Abstraction
uThe idea of breaking an algorithm into discrete

layers, each of which is opaque
uCommon in Object Oriented programming
uSimplifies code while complicating solutions?!

11
HTML User Interface
uTags and properties <body>

used can become too <p>Exampl e table</p>
complex and <table cell
spacing=1 …
interdependent to <caption>Tabl e
manage easily 1</caption>
<tr>
uDependent upon the
<td>Homer</td>
browser’s
<td>cel l
2</td>
interpretation of the
</tr>
HTML language
</table>
</body>
12
JSP
<body><p>
uA way to create HTML
A tabl e drawn via a JSP page.
with programmatic </p><p>
content. <tabl e cel l
spacing=1 …
uEmbeds Java doe <caption>Tabl e 1</caption>
(scriptlets) into HTML <tr>
<td>
<% = vi sitor.getName()% >
</td>
<td>cel l2</td></tr>
</table>
</body>

13
Servlet
uJava code that produces HTML as it’s output

uDistributed as compiled Class files
publicclass_test1 … {
publicvoid _j
spService(… {
response.setContentType…
__ojsp_s_out.write(“<body>…”);
__ojsp_s_out.write(vi
sitor.
getname());

14
MVC Design Pattern
The Model contains the
business logic for the
application and the data
that it acts on.
The Controller
provides
The View creates application
the UI that is workflow and
presented to the coordinates what
end user. the user sees.
15
MVC Technologies
•Each component
uses programming JavaBeans, EJB
concepts and
models best suited
for it’s demands
JavaServer Pages Servlet(s)

16
MVC Declarative Programming
Model
Controller
View

17
Model Details
uA Java class (commonly a
JavaBean) is used to
represent a business
entity that the application
acts on

18
Controller Details
uA XML config file

is used to control
behavior of the
application Controller
uA group of Java
Classes
implement the
controller’s API

19
MVC Declarative Programming
uCustom tags are used

in the JSP page to
reference data
presented by, or sent
to, the Model.
View

20
Personalizations
uChanges to page layout or content visibility

uCan be done by administrators or by end users
uThe personalizations are applied between the
HTML page being generated and it being sent to
the client
uPersonalizations are stored via data, not code
changes

21
OAF Page Rendering
uA hierarchy of operations, many of which are
driven purely by data

22
What is ADF
uThe next generation after OAF

uBuilds on OAF, adds
l More dynamic page refreshing
l Data Binding
l Ability to build content for limited devices
l JavaServer Faces
uMoves further into the J2EE architecture

23
Standards Used by ADF
uMVC
uJSP, Servlets
uJavaBeans
uEnterprise JavaBeans
uJavaServer Faces

24
Oracle Technologies Used
uADF Faces
l UIX widgets
uTopLink
l Data persistence
uOC4J
l J2EE application server

25
JavaBeans and EJB
uJavaBeans conform to particular coding rules

l Beans have data fields, each field must be accessed
via a Get or a Set method
l They can be loaded dynamically
uThey are used to store data that needs to be
used programmatically

26
Enterprise JavaBeans
uEJB expands the idea of the basic JavaBean

l Persistence in a database
l Remote access
uJava carries the C/UNIX idea of Remote
Procedure Call forward in the form of Remote
Method Invocation
l An EJB container must facilitate the use RMI to
allow remote client’s to access Enterprise
JavaBeans

27
Java / SQL
uA query
mechanism must
exist to allow
objects to be
retrieved from the
DB as needed
uDatatypes must be
mapped between
languages:
l String vs varchar
l Address vs a table

28
Object Persistence
uThe desire in a J2EE
environment is to prevent
application code from - (($SS6HUYHU 9LHZ
interacting directly with the
%XVLQHVV/RJLF %XVLQHVV'DWD
DB
7RS/LQN - (('%6HUYLFHV
uThis is achieved by
4XHULHV &RQQHFWLRQ3RRO
allowing the J2EE
&DFKH 7UDQVDFWLRQ0JU
container to access to
3HUVLVWHQFH
common DB services
'DWDEDVH
64/

29
EJB 3.0 Persistence
u Based on annotation
u Uses a tool to
generate the code’s
skeleton and
annotations
u Uses other tools at
compile and runtime
to turn the annotations
into actual code

30
TopLink versus EJB 3.0
uTopLink is an established Oracle standard

uEJB 3.0’s Java Persistence API is an emerging
industry wide standard…
l … Java Persistence API was added in latest J2EE spec
l Can be used outside of EJB, by J2SE apps
l Based on ideas submitted by various J2EE vendors
including Oracle

31
JSF and ADF Faces
uJavaServer faces simplifies the design of

HTML UI
l By providing tags to represent common data
elements
l By providing components which can help to
validate data as it’s being entered
uADF brings tags representing common
Oracle UI elements

32
ADF Faces – Declarative UI
uExtends the
JSP concept to
expose Oracle’s
own UIX
widgets
uReplaces even
simple HTML
tags with
abstract
elements

33
OC4J – J2EE Server
uJ2EE defines a specification for the applications

server
uDefines clear interfaces and mechanisms for
interacting with other infrastructure, such as
Identity Management (LDAP)
uIndividual vendors then select portions of the spec
that they will implement
uFocuses on server side technologies

34
J2EE Technologies
uA rich suite of APIs

built on a common
core

35
Development in J2EE
uJava is rich with OpenSource solutions

l J2EE app servers: JBoss, Tomcat, GlassFish
l Developer tools: Eclipse, NetBeans
l Frameworks: Struts, Tapestry, Turbine
l Persistence: Hibernate, OJB
uSome of these are sold as commercial applications
with vendor support and consulting
uNone of the developers tools offer tight integration
into proprietary application servers
uFew of them offer a complete development solution

36
JDeveloper
uOracle’s full featured developer’s toolkit

uVery feature rich for plain Java, J2EE, and Oracle
specific development
uSupports design, coding, testing, packaging, and
deployment

37
38
J2EE Application Deployment
uJ2EE applications are composed of a number of

components
l Classes, Servlets
l HTML, JSP, and images
l XML configuration files
uLogical groups of Classes become Jar files
uAll content is organized into a specific directory
structure
uResults are combined into a special Jar file

39
Packed Contents
/
/META-INF application.xml
application.war the actual application!

40
War File Contents
/
/META-INF
/css (custom) style sheets
/images (custom) static images
/html (custom) static HTML pages
/WEB-INF web.xml, struts.xml
/WEB-INF/classes individual Class files
/WEB-INF/lib Jar files of Classes

41
The Future
uDriven by industry standards

l Release of the Java EE 5 spec drives the use of EJB
l J2EE is driving towards web services and SOA
uFusion makes the move to a SOA based
environment
l Same Java syntax, new programming models
l Event driven processing
l Focus on business modeling and processes
l Distributed applications communicating via Enterprise
Service Bus and Web Services

42
Past Environment
uComponents used in OAF

43
Present Environment
uComponents used in ADF

44
Future State
uComponents needed for SOA and web services

45
J2EE in the Architecture

46
Questions and Answers
Thankyou!
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Using Java in The Oracle Frameworks

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Using Java in the

Release 11i Workshops

Global Users. Global Solutions.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uExplore the use of - (($SSOLFDWLRQ6HUYHU

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uThe move from native clients to web clients

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uServer side languages included

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uJava 2 Standard Edition (J2SE)

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

u As a language Java has the flexibility of running on both

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uIs Oracle’s licensed JVM

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uBased on early web standards and technologies

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uThe idea of breaking an algorithm into discrete

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uTags and properties <body>

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uJava code that produces HTML as it’s output

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

JavaServer Pages Servlet(s)

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uA XML config file

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uCustom tags are used

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uChanges to page layout or content visibility

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uThe next generation after OAF

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uJavaBeans conform to particular coding rules

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uEJB expands the idea of the basic JavaBean

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uTopLink is an established Oracle standard

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uJavaServer faces simplifies the design of

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uJ2EE defines a specification for the applications

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uA rich suite of APIs

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uJava is rich with OpenSource solutions

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uOracle’s full featured developer’s toolkit

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

uJ2EE applications are composed of a number of

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

© 2007 Solution Beacon, LLC. All Rights Reserved.