UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN

MALAYSIA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL DAN PEMBUATAN

2011
FLUID MECHANICS
“BOUYANCY SHOES”

MEMBERS GROUP:
MOHD MUZZAMMIL BIN MOHD PAUZI AD100146
MOHD HAZIM FADLI BIN AMINNUDDIN AD100128
KU MOHD AFIF BIN KU ISHAK AD100157
MUHAMAD FIRDAUZ BIN AMON AD100018
MOHD ADIB SOFWAN BIN SAHABUDIN AD100071

LECTURER NAME:
MR SHAHRIN HISHAM BIN AMINORDIN

SECTION: 3
 TABLE OF CONTENT

TOPIC PAGES

INTRODUCTION 1

OBJECTIVES 3

ANALYSIS PRODUCT 3

CALCULATION 4

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 5

INTRODUCTION

In physics, buoyancy (pronounced) is an upward acting force exerted by a fluid, that opposes an
object's weight. In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the over
lying fluid. Thus a column of fluid, or an object submerged in the fluid, experiences greater pressure at
the bottom of the column than at the top. This difference in pressure results in a net force that tends to
accelerate an object upwards. The magnitude of that force is equal to the difference in the pressure
between the top and the bottom of the column, and is also equivalent to the weight of the fluid that
would otherwise occupy the column. For this reason, an object whose density is greater than that of
the fluid in which it is submerged tends to sink. If the object is either less dense than the liquid or is
shaped appropriately (as in a boat), the force can keep the object afloat. This can occur only in a
reference frame which either a r is accelerating due to a force other than gravity defining a
"downward" direction (that is, a non-inertial reference frame). In a situation of fluid statics, the net
upward buoyancy force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of fluid displaced by the body 1. This is
the force that enables the object to float.
Archimedes' principle, principle that states that a body immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force
equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. The principle applies to both floating and submerged bodies
and to all fluids, i.e., liquids and gases. It explains not only the buoyancy of ships and other vessels in
water but also the rise of a balloon in the air and the apparent loss of weight of objects underwater. In
determining whether a given body will float in a given fluid, both weight and volume must be
considered; that is, the relative density, or weight per unit of volume, of the body compared to the fluid
determines the buoyant force. If the body is less dense than the fluid, it will float or, in the case of a
balloon, it will rise. If the body is denser than the fluid, it will sink. Relative density also determines
the proportion of a floating body that will be submerged in a fluid. If the body is two thirds as dense as
the fluid, then two thirds of its volume will be submerged, displacing in the process a volume of fluid
whose weight is equal to the entire weight of the body. In the case of a submerged body, the apparent
weight of the body is equal to its weight in air less the weight of an equal volume of fluid. The fluid
most often encountered in applications of Archimedes' principle is water, and the specific gravity of a

1Note: In the absence of surface tension, the mass of fluid displaced is equal to the submerged volume multiplied by the
fluid density. High repulsive surface tension will cause the body to float higher than expected, though the same total volume
will be displaced, but at a greater distance from the object. Where there is doubt about the meaning of "volume of fluid
displaced", this should be interpreted as the overflow from a full container when the object is floated in it, or as the volume of
the object below the average level of the fluid.
substance is a convenient measure of its relative density compared to water. In calculating the buoyant
force on a body, however, one must also take into account the shape and position of the body. A steel
rowboat placed on end into the water will sink because the density of steel is much greater than that of
water. However, in its normal, keel-down position, the effective volume of the boat includes all the air
inside it, so that its average density is then less than that of water, and as a result it will float.

Stability is a floating object is stable if it tends to restore itself to an equilibrium position after a small
displacement. For example, floating objects will generally have vertical stability, as if the object is
pushed down slightly, this will create a greater buoyant force, which, unbalanced by the weight force,
will push the object back up.

Rotational stability is of great importance to floating vessels. Given a small angular displacement, the
vessel may return to its original position (stable), move away from its original position (unstable), or
remain where it is (neutral).

Rotational stability depends on the relative lines of action of forces on an object. The upward buoyant
force on an object acts through the center of buoyancy, being the centroid of the displaced volume of
fluid. The weight force on the object acts through its center of gravity. A buoyant object will be stable
if the center of gravity is beneath the center of buoyancy because any angular displacement will then
produce a 'righting moment.
OBJECTIVES

1. To apply archimedes principles in the shoes.

2. To understand about bouyancy.
3. To know how bouyancy, archimedes and stability are working in applications.

ANALYSIS PRODUCT
NAME OF PRODUCT: TANK'Z SHOES
MAIN MATERIAL: POLYMER
CALCULATION

weight: 2.5 Kg
Board: 5 Kg
Outside weight: 5 Kg
Person weight: 80 Kg
Total weight: 90Kg
Weightmax: 90Kg

FB= w = ρvg
= ρ (A x h)g
= 1000(0.3 x 0.25 x 1.2) (9.81)
= 882.9 N

1Kg = 9.8 N
90Kg = 882.9

W = 882.9 / 9.81
= 90Kg.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

ADVANTAGES
• More stability
• Light
• Low cost
• Suitable for all ages.

DISADVANTAGES
• Can not walk on the water flow rate.
• Can not walk fast on the water.
• Do not support weight above 90 Kg.