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OF
DENTAL MATERIALS
DR. VINAMRA DHARIWAL, MDS
• Tensile Strength is
determined by subjecting
a rod , wire or a
dumbbell shaped
specimen to a tensile
loading.
• It is defined as the
maximal stress the
structure will withstand
before rupture.
• Crushing srength is
determined by subjecting
a cylindrical specimen to
a compressive load.
• The strength is obtained
from the cross sectional
area and force applied.
• Complex failure
• Maximum stress a
material can withstand
before failure in a shear
mode of loading. It is
tested using punch or
pushout method.
• Shear strength = Force/ Π
punch dia * thickness
• Transverse strength or
modulus of rupture or
flexure strength
• Obtained using a beam
supported at each end
and load applied in the
middle.
• Also called three point
bending test.
• Used in long span bridges.
• Neutral Axis
DEFINITION:
• Relative stiffness or rigidity of a material within the
elastic range. It is the ratio of elastic stress to elastic
strain. It has a constant value as determined from a
stress strain graph.
ELASTIC STRAIN:
• Deformation that is recovered upon removal of an
externally applied force or pressure.
DR. VINAMRA DHARIWAL
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
ELASTIC MODULUS
E = Elastic Modulus
P = Applied force or load
A= cross sectional area of the material under stress
Cl= increase in length
lo = original length
DR. VINAMRA DHARIWAL
DEPARTMET OF PROSTHETICS @ Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute
STRESS STRAIN CURVE -MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
IMPACT:
• It is the reaction of a stationary object to a collision
with a moving object. Depending on the resilience of
the object , energy is stored in the body without causing
deformation or with deformation.
• Impact resistance decreases with increase in stiffness.
• Resilient material have high impact strength.
• Increase in volume leads to increase in impact
resistance.
Impression materials
Clasp
MEASUREMENT OF DUCTILITY
1.Percentage elongation after fracture
Gauge length = 51mm
1.Measuring reduction in cross sectional areas of fractured
ends in comparison to the original area of the wire. This
is also called as reduction in area method.
2.Cold bend test.
THESE INCLUDES
• Surface flaws
• Internal voids
• air bubbles.
• Inclusions of other materials
• Hertzian load
• Sharp angles
• Notches
• Thermal mismatch