Fluids

Fig. 1 Fig. 2

P1. Water and then oil (which don't mix) are poured into a U-shaped tube, open at both
ends. They come to equilibrium as shown in Fig.1. What is the density of the oil?
Ans. 2A+>/<29363A+>/<

P2. A hydraulic press for compacting powderered samples has a large cylinder which is
10.0 cm in diameter, and a small cylinder with a diameter of 2.0 cm. A force of 300 N is
applied to the small cylinder. The sample, which is placed on the large cylinder, has an
area of 4.0 cm# . What is the pressure on the sample?
Fin

d
D

Ans. "Þ)(& ‚ "!( m

N

P3.* A cylindrical bucket of liquid a density 3b is rotated about its symmetry axis, which
is vertical. If the angular velocity is =, show that the pressure at a distance r from the
rotation axis is

T œ T9  "# 3=# <#

where T9 is the pressure at < œ !.

P4. A spherically shaped balloon has a radius of 7.35 m, and is filled with helium
(Fig.2). How large a cargo can it lift, assuming that the skin and structure of the balloon
have a mass of 1000 kg? Neglect the buoyant force on the cargo volume itself.
3L/ œ !Þ"()(kg/m$ 3A+>/< œ "Þ# kg/m$ Ans. )&! kg
P5. a] J "%Þ*b A barrel contains a 0.120-m-layer of oil floating on water that is 0.250 m
deep. The density of the oil is 600 kg/m$
a+b What is the gauge pressure at the oil-water surface Ans. 706 Pa
a,b What is the gauge pressure at the bottom of the barrel? Ans. 3160 Pa

P6. a] J "%Þ#"b A slab of ice floats on a freshwater lake. What minimum volume must
the slab have for a 45.0 kg woman to be able to stand on it without getting her feet wet?
Ans. 0.562 m$

P7. a] J "%Þ#&b A cubical block of wood, 10.0 cm on a side, floats at the interface
between oil and water with its lower surface 1.50 cm below the interface, as shown on the
diagram. If L œ #! cm, 2 œ "! cm, and the density of the oil is 790 kg/m$
a+b what is the gauge pressure at the upper face of the block? Ans. 116 Pa
a,b what is the gauge pressure at the lower face of the block? Ans. 921 Pa
a- b what is the mass and density of the block? Ans. 0.822 kg, 0.822 kg/m$

oil
h
H
w ood
w ater

P8. a] J "%Þ#*b A shower head has 20 circular openings, each with radius 1.0 mm. The
shower head is connected to a pipe with raius 0.80 cm. If the speed of water in the pipe is
3.0 m/s, what is its speed as it exits the shower-head openings? Ans. 9.6 m/s

P9. a] J "%Þ$$b A sealed tank containing seawater to a height of 11.0 m also contains air
above the water at a gauge pressure of 3.00 atm. Water flows out from the bottom
through a small hole. Calculate the speed of the water with which it flows out.
Ans. 28.4 m/s

P10. a] J "%Þ%$b The deepest point known in any of the earth's oceans is in the Marianas
Trench, 10.92 km deep.Assuming water to be incompressible, what is the pressure at this
depth? Use density of seawater Ans. 1.10 ‚ "!) Pa

P11. How fast does water flow from a hole at the bottom of a very wide, 4.6-m -deep
storage tank filled with water? Ignore viscosity. Ans. 9.5 m/s
P12. What is the lift (in newtons) due to Bernoulli's principle on a wing of area 86 m# if
the air passes over the top and bottom surfaces at speeds of 340 m/s and 290 m/s,
respectively. Ans. "Þ' ‚ "!' N