Geographical Information System (GIS)

By:-

ANKIT MEHTA- 08CS000160

PUNIT BABEL- 08CS000235
MUKESH DANGI-08CS000372

DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
SIR PADAMPAT SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY UDAIPUR

SESSION 2010-2011

Geographical Information System (GIS)

 By

ANKIT MEHTA-08CS000160
PUNIT BABEL-08CS000235
MUKESH DANGI-08CS000372

Guided By: Mr. Ajay Prasad

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology

SESSION 2010-2011

DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
SIR PADAMPAT SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY UDAIPUR
 Department of Computer Science and Engineering
SIR PADAMPAT SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY
UDAIPUR

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Ankit Mehta, Punit Babel and Mukesh Dangi student of
B.Tech (Computer Science and Engineering) SIXTH semester have presented
and have successfully completed their technical seminar entitled Geographical
Information System(GIS) in presence of the undersigned dignitaries.

Mr. Arun Kumar Guide

(HOD, CSE Dept) Mr.Ajay Prasad
Asst.Prof (CSE)

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

SIR PADAMPAT SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY
 UDAIPUR

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to place on record our deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Ajay Prasad
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sir Padampat Singhania
University, Udaipur for his generous guidance, help and useful suggestions. We
express our sincere gratitude to HOD Computer Science and Engineering,
Dept., for his stimulating guidance, continuous encouragement and supervision
throughout the course of present work. We also wish to extend our thanks to
other Faculty members and our friends and other colleagues for attending our
seminars and for their insightful comments and constructive suggestions to
improve the quality of this research work.

Ankit Mehta
(08CS000160)

Mukesh Dangi(08CS000372)

Punit Babel (08CS000235)

Contents
1. Introduction

1.1 Overview ……………………………………………………………...1

1.2 Defining GIS ……………………………………………………………1

1.3 History ………………………………………………………………........2

1.4 Need of GIS……………………………………………………………….2

1.5 Related Technologies………………………………………………….......3

1.6 Role of GIS …………………………………………………………..........3

2. Architecture

2.1Components…………………………………………………. ………….5

2.2 Data Set…………………………………………………………………6

2.3 Data Representation…………………………………………………….7

2.3.1 Layer Based Approach……………………………………………7

2.3.2 Scale Based Approach…………………………………………….8

2.4 Working of GIS…………………………………………………………9

2.5 GIS Tasks……………………………………………………………….10

3 GIS Softwares
3.1 Types of Softwares………………………………………………………13

3.2 ILWIS……………………………………………………………………13

3.3Geo Server………………………………………………………………..14

3.4GeoTools………………………………………………………………....15

3.5 ESRI ArcGis……………………………………………………………..16

3.6 IBM Maximo…………………………………………………………….18

3.7 Google Earth……………………………………………………………..21

3.8MapInfo Professional……………………………………………………..22

3.9 AutoCAD Map……………………………………………………………24

4. Application of GIS

4.1 IBM Smarter Planet……………………………………………………..26

4.2 IFSAR……………………………………………………………….......27

4.3 SMART Tunnel …………………………………………………….......30

4.4 Urban Infrastructure ……………………………………………………32

4.5 Public Transportation –Information on Move ………………………...34

4.6 NGA –National Security……………………………………………......35

5. INDIA’S Role in GIS

5.1 Bhuvan …………………………………………………………………….39

5.2 NLRMP…………………………………………………………………….39

5.3 Census GIS India…………………………………………………………..40

6. Conclusion………………………………………………………………….41

7. List of Symbols and Abbreviations…………………………………….....42

8. References…………………………………………………………………..43

Conclusion
In this we thoroughly studied about GIS, data sets used in GIS, data
representation in GIS. Later we studied the components, working ,and various
tasks of GIS.We also learn about the various GIS software’s that are used in
GIS ranging from ESRI ArcGis,Google Earth,IBM Maximo, MapInfo
Professional, AutoCAD Map etc. We also studied about the importance of Gis
in today’s life along with the applications of Gis in various fields. We studied
latest Gis applications like IFSAR, SMART TUNNEL, IBM SMARTER
PLANETetc.At last we also studied about the Indian role in GIS.
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
NLRMP:-National Land Record Management Programme.

ISRO: - Indian Space Research Organisation.

NGA: - National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.

IFSAR:-Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar.

SMART:-Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel.

BIM:- Building Information Modelling.

ESRI:-Environment System Research Institute.

CAD:-Computer Aided Design.

GPS:-Global Positioning System.

WMS:-Web Mapping Server.

SAP:- System Analysis and Program

GDAL:-Geospatial Data Abstraction Library.

URL: Uniform Resource Locator.

RFID:-Radio Frequency Identification Management System

DEHEMS:-Digital Environment Home Energy Management System.

DEM:-Digital Elevation Model.

LIDAR:-Light Detection and Ranging.

GEOINT:-Geospatial Intelligence.

ILWIS:-Integrated Land and Water Information System.

REFERNCES:-
1. www.wikipedia.org

2. www.gisdevelopment.net

3. http://www.pbinsight.com/products/location-
intelligence/applications/mapping-analytical/mapinfo-professional/
4. http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcgisengine/index.html
5. www.usa.autodesk.com
6. www.gis.com
 7. www.Gisusers.com
8. http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/
9. www.earth.google.com
10. www.gisindia.in

BOOK REFERED:-

1. GIS Fundamentals, 3rd Edition, by Paul Bolstad.

2. GIS: A Computing Perspective, by Wore boys.

INTRODUCTION
A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer-based tool for mapping
and analyzing existent things and events that happen on earth. GIS technology
integrates common spatial database operations such as query and statistical
analysis with the unique visualization and geographic analysis benefits offered
by maps. Nowadays, evolving with the Internet, the Web-Based GIS, which
handles geographic information on the Internet, has appeared and is rapidly
evolving as Internet and Web technologies change. Maps are the primary media
of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated in GIS.
They are graphic representations of geographic surfaces on plane, generalized
by mathematical rules and represented by visual symbols for different purpose.
Maps imply the distributions, states and association of diverse natural or social
phenomena. In the existent GIS, almost all of them adopt the layer-based
approach to represent geographic information in map. In the layer-based
approach, the spatial data are represented in a set of thematic maps, named
layer, which denote some given themes such as road, building, subway, contour,
border, and so on.