Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mohammed Al-Maitah
Computer science department, Riyadh community college,
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
malmaitah@ksu.edu.sa
ABSTRACT
For visual pictorial presentation of three-dimensional geometric objects with the
help of modern computer engineering it’s necessary to have effective program
realization of programmatic selection of specific points and also feature lines of
the surfaces represented with the help of function of two variables. This article
gives technical approach from the position of the surface type allowing to
undertake visual selection of the surface features during their geometric
simulation with the help of computer technologies.
1 INTRODUCTION
One of the dynamically growing directions in Ravine- prolate deepening in the surface,
software development today is development of new going down in one direction.
information technologies and methods of Saddle - the lowered part of the surface
visualization of the program performance results [1, between two peaks.
2], that is such a presentation of them which is Surface shape can be described as its feature
perceived by a person in the most adequate way. that has six basic visualizations: peak, ridge, slope,
The theme of the work is actual as ravine, saddle, depression [3].
visualization is one of new instruments for getting
new knowledge about the object under
consideration while designing complicated The generally accepted three-level hierarchy of
engineering constructions. the presentation of the surface geometric model in
three-dimensional space served as analogue while
The following terms, determining basic types determining levels of the model of the characteristic
of the surface, are used in the work. forms. The surface model can be determined by
three basic levels. At the lowest level the model is
Hill – cone-shaped elevation on the surface. It limited to point presentation (by the set of co-
has a characteristic point – peak. ordinates of points x, y, z). The second level
Peak - the point of the surface of the maximum includes the first one with the additional description
height. of the topology of connections between points
Slope - side surface (wire-frame model). On the third level connections
Ridge - elevation on the surface, going down unite in closed boundaries (facet model).
in one direction and having two steep slopes. Description of the surface model from the position
Depression - deepening in the surface in the of form has a similar structure (table 1)
form of a bowl. The lowest point of the depression
is the point of the surface of the minimum height.
Table 1:Surface model according to shape Thus, the peak in the indicated scheme is
determined by four zero directions, and the
depression - by four unit directions. For
Level Geometric Model of determination of the schemes of the rest of the
number model forms it is necessary to set to tracing of the four
characteristic shapes directions of the conditional sink.
Let’s set to clockwise direction. The beginning
0 level Point Hill, saddle, depression
of the tracing will be the direction “upwards”. As a
1 level Edge Ridge, ravine result we have a four-bit set, determining in its
different combinations the decimal values from “0”
2 level Bound Slope
to “15” (set V). Hence, the area of the form is
(facet)
characterized by the following classification (table
2).
These visualizations make set V.
In scheme the un ambiguity of Table 2: Classification of surface types
characteristic shapes is achieved by analysis of four
directions of the conditional sink, as shown in fig.1. A O E V
V
peak ridges 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 0000 peak 0
depressio slopes
3 0010 ridge 2
5 1000 ridge 8
0101 0111 1011 1101 1110
6 0011 slope 3
-0 -1
1010
e k k ,
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 ( 2)
(1)
1 2 3 4 5
subsets V i of set V . According to the decimal
value of each of six concrete forms the dominant
All Peak 0 direction of the conditional sink is determined.
directions
from the
center 3 VISUALIZATION OF GEOMETRIC
One Ridge 1 FEATURES OF THE SURFACE,
direction to DETERMINED THROUGH FUNCTION
the center OF TWO VARIABLES
Let’s consider function of two variables F(x,y).
Two saddle 3 To determine the decimal value of the surface form
directions visualization of the given function F(x,y), it is
on one line necessary to consider the direction of the
to conditional sink.
the center Let’s designate:
Two Slope 5 - Meaning Function (i),[i=0,3]- as meaning
perpendicu of function F(x,y) in four directions of the
lar conditional sink;
directions - Meaning Function _Center - meaning of
to the function F(x,y) in the central point of the
center template;
Three ravine 7 - Signeq. (2) - decimal value of the surface
directions form visualization of the considered
to the template.
center The successive comparing of values of
All depressi 9 Meaning_Function(i) with the value
directions Meaning_Function_Center gives an opportunity to
on
to the define the decimal value of the form visualization.
center
3
Sign Sign(i ), (2)
i 0
Generic variable V for the concrete variable if
5 REFERENCES