Professional Documents
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AT E L E C T R I C A R C F U R N A C E S
INDEX
Who Is CVS
Steel Industry
CVS TURKEY
CVS EUROPE CVS MIDDLE EAST CVS CIS
Italy‐Udine Egypt‐Cario Ukraine‐Donetsk
FROM CONCEPT TO COMMISSIONING
Design
Manufacturing
Erection
Training
Consultancy
Innovation
Process Development
CVS POLAND CVS IRAN CVS INDIA CVS S.KOREA CVS SINGAPORE CVS INDONESIA CVS USA CVS GREECE CVS TRADE B.V.
Warsaw Tahran Pune Seoul Singapore Jakarta New York Athens Amsterdam
3
info@cvs.com.tr www.cvs.com.tr
C O M PA N Y P R O F I L E
CVS headquarter
q is located in the most sophisticated
p
industrial region of Turkey; Gebze (50 km to Istanbul
city center), close to many major ports.
ACTIVITIES
6
STEEL INDUSTRY
After crisis, World Iron & Steel Industry started to growing again.
In 2010, all over the world, more than 1 billion 400 million tons/year steel was produced,
and it will be increased each yyear as before crisis.
According to rapid growing up in recent years all over the world, new requirements and
new formations to answer these requirements are occured.
Steelmaking is always a growing sector and steelmakers are always asking for more
fl ibl and
flexible d more easy operation
ti for
f meltshop
lt h units.
it
7
STEEL INDUSTRY
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
847,670 850,345 904,053 969,992 1,069,082 1,146,686 1,251,196 1,351,289 1,329,123 1,211,461 1,413,596
The crisis of steel market was started in the end of 2008, as all other markets.
In the end of 2009, the effects of crisis was began to pass. And again the market was
started to grow up.
But something was changed. Maybe the costs are not higher before crisis but profits are
lower.
Today, investors worldwide are looking and waiting for new signals from steel market to
understand where to direct and dedicate their money, energy and resources for possible
alternative business. Because of uncertainty in the market, steelmakers are looking for
p
more flexible operation to catch the changing
g g market demands.
According to requirements of the market, steel production will be increased, and new
investment will be try to answer.
Competition will be even more difficult, and the steelmakers will look new concepts to
reduce
d th steelmaking
the t l ki costs.
t
9
STEEL INDUSTRY AND ENERGY
Approximately 12% of energy produced all over the world is consumed at Iron & Steel
Industry.
In the end of these studies, the recovered energy will be very high, and the costs can be
reduced
d d with i h possible
ibl new concept investments.
i
10
STEEL INDUSTRY AND ENERGY
The scrap cost is determined by market. And request of steel production is increased
every day.
Based on this growing, coke, iron ore and scrap requested are increased so much and their
international costs will be higher than the past.
The difference between product and input price, is determined to the profit of
11
steelmakers.
STEEL INDUSTRY AND ENERGY
With new concepts, this can be created to make a difference if you can find the right
investments.
12
CHEMICAL ENERGY
It is now common practice to use between 30% and 40% of the total
energy input to the EAF being supplied through oxy‐fuel burners and
yg lancing.
oxygen g
CHEMICAL ENERGY
The Advantages of the CB system are:
‐ Operate the furnace with multipoint oxygen injection that allow a more
intensive and/or efficient chemical energy utilization.
‐ Operate the furnace with multipoint carbon injection to better foam the
slag.
‐ Minimise operation with slag door open reducing the energy losses via
f
furnace off gas.
ff
‐ Avoid any manual lancing operations.
‐ High lifetime and reliability of the equipment.
‐ Full process automation.
Full process automation
The CB system has the following benefits on the furnace performance:
‐ Reduced electrical energy requirements, as less energy is lost in the off
gases.
‐ Better energy and thermal balance inside the furnace.
‐ High flexibility and high efficiency on chemical energy utilisation.
14
CHEMICAL ENERGY
Along with the main target, the other reasons for using chemical energy for melting are:
‐ much greater flexibility of processes with regard to raw materials and energy availability
‐ increased productivity while simultaneously improved energy efficiency
The complete system installed on the furnace enables the following functions:
‐ Fuel utilization: the fuel burners are installed onto the cold spots in order to balance the total
energy input into the furnace on the basis of the process requirements.
‐ Steel bath refining: the multipoint oxygen injection allows for fast and homogeneous bath
decarburization and superheating.
‐ Slag foaming: the checking of the covering of the bath and the arc by a suitable management of
the carbon injection.
injection
yg ;
Burner oxygen;
‐ Burner fuel (Natural Gas, LPG, CH4, etc.);
‐ Lance oxygen;
‐ Carbon injection.
15
CHEMICAL ENERGY
To reduce the power on time, the electrical energy input to the furnace must be rather aggressive.
The correct power program must be used and is designed to balance both electrical and chemical
(burner and lance) power inputs. In the early stages of melting a short arc is selected to avoid
excessive damage to the roof panels from arc flare. This slight reduction in the initial power is
however compensated for by the CB burner‐injector units which are fired very quickly during initial
arcing and maximize the energy input to the cold scrap.
Slag foaming
Sl f i isi extremely
t l important
i t t if an aggressive
i arc is
i to
t be
b maintained
i t i d throughout
th h t the
th heat.
h t AsA
the scrap level reduces in the furnace and flat bath conditions are approached the height of the
foaming slag must be increased to completely submerge the arc and prevent damage to the water
cooled panels.
panels
16
CHEMICAL ENERGY
2Al(l) + 2/3O2(g) = Al2O3
() / (g) ΔHR = ‐402 Kcal/mol
/
Si(l) + O2(g) = SiO2 ΔHR = ‐226 Kcal/mol
Mn(l) + 1/2O2(g) = MnO ΔHR = ‐97.45 Kcal/mol
(g) (g)
2C + O2(g) = 2CO (g) ΔHR = ‐28 Kcal/mol
2Fe + O2(g) = 2FeO ΔHR = ‐63.5 Kcal/mol
Carbon alone is not enough to create a foaming slag. Often the chemistry of the slag itself is
ignored. The CO bubbles generated in the bath from direct oxidation of carbon, or those created in
the slag by mixing C and O or reducing FeO will all escape from the slag very quickly unless the slag
composition is correct.
17
CHEMICAL ENERGY
The system has below mentioned results:
y
‐ Increase of production
‐ Reduction of production cost
‐ Reduction of electric energy
Reduction of electric energy
‐ Reduction of tap to tap time
‐ Reduction of electrode consumption
‐ Better efficiency of the carbon
‐ Better homogenization of the melt
g
* According to temperature and flowing rate
these values can be changed
‐ Low investment cost 18
NEW CONCEPTS
19
S C R A P P R E ‐ H E AT I N G S Y S T E M
15 – 20 % of contained
15 20 % of contained energy as 100 ‐
as 100 150kwh/t in EAF during
150kwh/t in EAF during the oparation, is gone
oparation is gone out via duct
emissions.
20
S C R A P P R E ‐ H E AT I N G S Y S T E M
Recycling method of preheating system can be controlled separately from dust collector system.
Proper adjustment
P dj t t off the
th preheating
h ti temperature
t t prevents
t the
th scrap bucket
b k t the
th scrap bucket
b k t
from being deformed.
21
S C R A P P R E ‐ H E AT I N G S Y S T E M
Specifications
Scrap Preheating system for improved efficiency of Meltshop
Easy Solution
Low Investment Cost
Better Operation Main Profit:
Adaptable for Existing Automation Preheated scrap average temperature is
Maintenance Friendly between 150°C ‐ 200°C
The amount of energy saving is 20 –
h f i i 30 kwh/ton
k h/
in practice.
Preheating system:
P h ti t
‐ Inlet temperature of preheater: approx. 800ºC – 200º C
‐ Outlet tempearture
Outlet tempearture of preheater: approx. 250
of preheater: approx 250º C –
C – 50
50º C
23
ONE CHARGE EAF
Our invention makes possible the continuous melting of ferrous materials such as sponge iron,
iron scrap
iron or iron ore in an electric arc furnace so that the electric arc is never turned off nor is the power
ever reduced.
reduced
24
ONE CHARGE EAF
25
ONE CHARGE EAF
Specific Objectives of New Process
‐ Lower specific capital costs
‐ Lower primary energy consumption
‐ High productivity/low conversion cost
g p y
‐ Flexibility in choice of feed materials
‐ Lower T‐T‐T closer
‐ Maintain maximum process flexibility
Maintain maximum process flexibility
‐ Increase product quality while maintaining cost competitiveness
‐ More environmentally friendly and meet environmental requirements at minimum cost
‐ Maximizing power input to the EAF by using a combination of energy sources
Maximizing power input to the EAF by using a combination of energy sources
‐ Optimized energy use and electrical power supply optimized to minimize losses
26
ONE CHARGE EAF
This invention offers many features that are not available in the present art:
‐ the charge is continuous and several types of materials can be charged simultaneously;
‐ the required melting time is reduced because the furnace works continuously;
‐ heat and emissions released into the environment are reduced because the furnace always works
with closed cover;
‐ all motions required for charging, melting, refining and tapping the steel are automated;
‐ the furnace tilting motion enables the steel to be refined during the melting process thus assuring
a precise control of the steel temperature and composition;
‐ dust dispersion is reduced and, therefore, transformation yield is improved;
d d d d d h f f ld d
‐ Modern operations aim for a tap‐to‐tap time of less than 45‐50 minutes. We aim for achieving tap‐
t t ti
to‐tap times of 40
f 40 to 45
t 45 minutes.
i t
27
ONE CHARGE EAF
28
E P C : E N V I R O N M E N TA L P R E H E AT I N G &
CONTINUOUS CHARGING SYSTEM
29
EPC SYSTEM
CVS MAKINA has a commercial cooperation with KR Tec company which has developed a
New Generation concept in Arc Furnace Steelmaking, ENVIRONMENTAL PREHEATING &
CONTINUOUS CHARGING SYSTEM (EPC).
Idea behind the challenge is to recover the heat lost to FTP system by the application of
Scrap Preheating.
30
EPC SYSTEM
One of the issues of the EPC System is to charge the scrap independent of the electric arc furnace
taken into consideration the environmental aspects.
The EPC System is installed beside the EAF and the preheated scrap can be charged continuously by
the telescopic feeder system in the melting chamber during Power On.
Even during charging of the scrap basket into the EPC System, the system is always airtight and a
small amount of dust can only escape. Furthermore, the design has been considerably simplified to
increase the reliability and the profitability of the investment, reducing the ROI by less than 12
months.
31
E P C S Y S T E M : A D VA N TA G E S
ENERGY SAVING
ENERGY SAVING
The EPC reduces the electric energy consumption by approx. 80‐100 kWh/t compared to the
conventional EAF.
INDEPENDENT SCRAP CHARGING
g g p p p y p
Charging of the scrap basket is done with power‐on and independently from the furnace operation.
This improves the operation and reduce the Power off time
HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY
Due to shorter power‐on and power‐off times. The productivity of the furnace can be increased by
min. 20 % compared to the conventional EAF.
HIGHER RETURN ON INVESTMENT
Th EPC System
The S t f t
features l
lower conversion
i costt due
d to t the
th preheating
h ti effect.
ff t Furthermore
F th hi h
higher
productivity because of less power‐on and power‐off are assured.
32
E P C S Y S T E M : R E S P E C T T O N AT U R E
MINIMUM DUST EMMISION
During charging procedure the system/pre‐heating chamber is always in airtight situation which
reflects a minimum of pollution in the meltshop.
LOW FTP CAPACITY REQUIREMENT
Fume Treatment System capacity is reduced thank to the completely closed operation and flat bath
condition.
LOW DOWNTIMES & MAINTENANCE
No critical mechanical parts such as fingers, conveyors, water cooling which cause unforeseen
stoppages and maintenance.
t d i t
ADAPTABLE TO CONVENTIONAL METHOD
Operation can be changed immediately to Conventional method by opening of the off gas bypass
Operation can be changed immediately to Conventional method by opening of the off gas ‐ bypass
flap.
LESS FLICKER
LESS FLICKER
Related to the flat bath operation, preheated scrap and the constant energy input, a reduced flicker
and less noise generation will be achieved. 33
EPC SYSTEM: BENEFITS REGARDING
ENVIRONMENT
Charging with airtight system
Minimum fume during scrap charging
Mi i f d i h i
Cleaner working area
g
Min. 30% less off gas
Min. 30 % less dust at the filter
Less noise (melting of preheated scrap)
Respect of most environmental standards
34
E P C S Y S T E M : F E AT U R E S
Flat bath operation
Controlled scrap quantity input through
telescopic feeder system
Charging during power on
Preheating temperature controlled by PLC
Minimized off gas volume related to airtight
system
35
EPC SYSTEM
The scrap basket will be charged into a drawer of the EPC system which is in waiting position.
While this position the front wall of the drawer is closing the preheating chamber and the
melting process in the EAF and preheating doesn`t have to be interrupted.
After filling of the drawer by the scrap basket a slide gate on top of the EPC System will be closed.
Than the drawer will be forwarded by hydraulic cylinders to the preheating chamber and the
scrap falls smoothly inside the pre‐heating chamber where it will be preheated.
If the drawer is in front position, the back wall of it, is closing to the pre‐heating chamber.
A special design of the off gas duct together with a water cooled regulation flap allows to control
the preheating effect in the pre‐heating chamber.
36
EPC CHARGING HOPPER IN
37
EPC TELESCOPIC FEEDER IN
38
EPC SYSTEM: MAIN COMPONENTS
OFF GAS
R E G U L AT I O N
FLAP CHARGING
HOPPER
TELESCOPIC
SCRAP
FEEDER
SYSTEM
EPC SYSTEM
T R AV E L L I N G
FRAME
39
EPC SYSTEM 3D VIEWS
40
EPC SYSTEM 3D VIEWS
41
PROCESS STEPS OF EPC
Refining phase of EAF
‐Preheating of 1st bucket of next heat in pre‐heating chamber
‐Charging of next bucket into charging hopper 42
PROCESS STEPS OF EPC
‐Moving of charging hopper into pre‐heating chamber
‐Preheating of 2nd bucket of next heat in pre‐heating chamber
‐Off gas flap of by pass system closed 43
PROCESS STEPS OF EPC
Preheating inside EPC
‐Start feeding of preheated scrap after tapping
‐Pre‐heating chamber half empty hopper can move backward to waiting 44
position
PROCESS STEPS OF EPC
Preheating inside EPC
‐Scrap bucket in waiting position
S b k ti iti iti
‐Continuous feeding of scrap during power on
‐Control of preheating scrap temperature with by‐pass regulation flap 45
PROCESS STEPS OF EPC
‐Start feeding of preheated scrap
‐Opening of sliding gate on top
46
‐Charging of next bucket into charging hopper
PROCESS STEPS OF EPC
O P E R AT I O N A L C Y C L E D I A G R A M
WITH EPC
E A F C A PA C I T Y 100 TON
T R A N S F O R M E R C A PA C I T Y 1 0 0 M VA
700
600
LIQUID STEEL
500
SCRAP WEIGHT
400 IN FIRST
CHAMBER
200
SCRAP WEIGHT
IN SECOND
100 CHAMBER
-
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 37 42 47 52
48
LIQUID STEEL LEVEL DURING CYCLE
WITH EPC
140
E A F C A PA C I T Y
120 100 TON
TRANSFORMER
100 C A PA C I T Y
1 0 0 M VA
80
LIQUID STEEL
60
SCRAP WEIGHT IN
FIRST CHAMBER
40
SCRAP WEIGHT IN
SECOND
REPARATI
PREEPARATION
20 CHAMBER
APPING
1 HEAT CYCLE
PR
TA
-
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 37 42 47 52
49
C O M PA R I S O N O F P R O D U C T I V I T Y
PRODUCTION DIFFERENCE
EPC - EAF CONVENTIONAL EAF
Tra n s f o r m e r M VA 100 100
Ta p - w e i g h t t 100 100
Net working hours h/y 7.200 7.200
Power-on Time min 32 36
Power-off time min 6 11
Ta p - t o - Ta p - t i m e min 38 47
Production/hour t/h 157,89 127,66
Production/year t/y 1.136.842 919.149
Difference t/y 217.693
20 % PRODUCTIVITY INCREASE
WITH EPC SYSTEM
(100 TON – 100 MVA FURNACE)
50
C O M PA R I S O N O F O P E R AT I O N A L C O S T
O P E R AT I O N A L C O S T D I F F E R E N C E
CONVENTIONAL
Unit price EPC- EAF EAF
Unit EUR Consumption EUR/t Consumption EUR/t
T O TA L 377,7 385,5
Savings EUR/t 7,8
8 €/T SAVING IN OPERATIONAL COST WITH EPC SYSTEM
51
(100 TON – 100 MVA FURNACE)
C O M PA R I S O N O F C O N V E R S I O N C O S T S
AROUND 16 MILLION EUR ANNUAL SAVING
WITH EPC SYSTEM
WITH EPC SYSTEM
(100 TON – 100 MVA FURNACE) 52
C O M PA R I S O N O F R I O
R O I C O M PA R I S O N
30
25
20
15
ROI FOR
Million Euro
10
EPC-EAF
EPC - EAF
5 CONV EAF
-
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
-5
ROI FOR CONV-
EAF
-10
-15
Time (month)
53
EPC SYSTEM POWER FLUCTIONS
VOLTAGE, CURRENT AND POWER FLUCTUATIONS;
BEFORE AND AFTER SCRAP PREHEATING
54
R E S U LT S
CVS provides tailor‐made different alternative solutions according to all your requests and
requirements, as below;
‐ Layout
‐ Target
T off Investment
I
‐ Process Conditions
‐ Budget
55
Yo u r O n e ‐ S t o p
Solution Provider for
Meltshops & Rolling Mills
56
R E F E R E N C E S ‐ M E LT S H O P S
Capacity
Year of start‐
Year of start
Customer Country Location Product Production units
(tpy) up
NURSAN METALURJI A S
NURSAN METALURJI A.S. Turkey Iskenderun 700 000
700.000 Billets Complete Meltshop
Complete Meltshop 2006
REFERENCES ‐ EAF
REFERENCES ‐ CCM
Sections
Casting Nr. of
Nr of Year of
Year of
Customer Country Location Product
Radius Strands start‐up
(mm)
Square & round
YESILYURT DEMIR CELIK A.S. Turkey Samsun 8 m 6 100 ‐ 200 2007
billets
COJSCO Jordan
d Amman 6 m 3 Square billets
b ll 100 ‐ 160 2006
CER METAL A S
CER METAL A.S. Turkey Izmir 5m
5 m 3 Square billets
Square billets 200 2006
REFERENCES ‐ MHS
62
REFERENCES ‐ OFF GAS SYSTEMS
C
Customer C
Country Location
i Products
d
ARCELOR MITTAL ANNABA Algeria
g Annaba SMS 1 ‐ Moveable Hood & Fixed Hood
63
R E F E R E N C E S ‐ S PA R E PA R T S
Customer Country Customer Country Customer Country
ACCIAIERIE VALBRUNA Italy EKINCILER DEMIR CELIK Turkey MITTAL SKOPJE
MITTAL SKOPJE Macedonia
AL RAJHI Saudi Arabia ELECTROSTAL Ukraine MOBARAKEH STEEL Iran
AL TUWAIRQI Saudi Arabia ELWOOD STEEL Belgium NATIONAL STEEL Saudi Arabia
ALL EZZ GROUP Egypt ENGINEERING STEEL
Belgium NOVOROS METALL LTD. Russia
ALSTOM POWER Italy BELGIUM
NURSAN METALURJI AS
NURSAN METALURJI AS Turkey
AMK ALCHEVSK Ukraine ERVIN AMASTEEL Belgium
QATAR STEEL Qatar
ARCELOR MITTAL RUHRORT Germany ETEAM Italy
REVYAKINO Russia
ARCELOR MITTAL TEMIRTAU Kazakhstan FERRIERE NORD Italy
ARCELORMITTAL SALZGITTER FLACHSTAHL Germany
France FOLDER Denmark
DUNKERQUE SHARQ SOHAR Oman
GERLAFINGEN Switzerland
ARCELORMITTAL HAMBURG Germany SIDENOR SA Greece
GORKY STEEL Russia
ARCELORMITTAL SKOPJE Macedonia SIDERURGICA BALBOA Spain
G‐STEEL Thailand
ARCOSTEEL Egypt SIVAS DEMIR CELIK Turkey
HALYVOURGIA THESSALIAS SA Greece
HALYVOURGIA THESSALIAS SA
BAKU STEEL Azerbaijan SOHAR STEEL Oman
HALYVOURGIKI Greece
BENTELER Germany SONASID Morocco
INDUSTRIAS NACIONALES Dominican Rep.
Bosnia SOVEL Greece
BH STEEL IZMIR DEMIR CELIK Turkey
Herzegovina
SUEZ STEEL gyp
Egypt
CARINOX Belgium JORDAN IRON & STEEL CO
JORDAN IRON & STEEL CO. J d
Jordan
SWISS STEEL Suisse
CEMTAS Turkey KAPTAN DEMIR CELIK Turkey
THAME STEEL United Kingdom
CER METAL AS Turkey KARABUK DEMIR CELIK Turkey
TIMKEN USA
CHARTER STEEL USA KOMOTEK Bulgaria
TOSYALI HOLDING
TOSYALI HOLDING Turkey
CMC SISAK Croatia KREMIKOVSKI Bulgaria
UNITED IRON & STEEL MGF. CO. Jordan
COJSCO Jordan KURUM STEEL Albania
YESILYURT Turkey
CORUS Holland MAKEEVKA STEEL WORKS Ukraine 64
ZELJEZARA NIKSIC AD Montenegro
DUFERCO Belgium MED STEEL Syria