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Conflict of Interest :
1. Project Engineering wants to minimize capital costs as the
only criteria,
2. Maintenance Engineering wants to minimize repair hours as
the only criteria,
3. Production wants to maximize uptime hours as the only
criteria,
4. Reliability Engineering wants to avoid failures as the only
criteria,
5. Accounting wants to maximize project net present value as
the only criteria, and
6. Shareholders want to increase stockholder wealth as the
only criteria.
Life Cycle Costing is a process to determine The total costs of owning the building over its
predicted life span including initial capital cost,
the sum of all the costs associated with an
occupation costs, operating costs, and the cost
asset or part thereof, including acquisition, incurred or benefit derived from the disposal of
installation, operation, maintenance, the asset at the end of its life
refurbishment and disposal costs. A technique to ascertain a suitable balance
The total cost throughout its life including between capital cost on initial provision and costs
planning, design, acquisition and support incurred as a consequence of use
costs and any other costs directly attributable
to owning or using the asset
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Biaya siklus-hidup (life-cycle costing) adalah proses yang “SUSTAINING ASSETS” Planning Acquisition
logis dan sistematis untuk menyusun total biaya aset • Identifikasi kebutuhan
• Review pilihan
• Non assets alternatives
• Evaluasi resiko
mulai dari konsepsi sampai dengan Penghapusannya. • Cost/benefit • Core –aset milik
• Aset sewa
Life-cycle costing harus mencakup penilaian terhadap • Kerjasama
biaya-biaya dari:
- Perencanaan; Monitoring and
Performance management
- Pengadaan; SUSTAINABLE
• Continous monitoring
- Operasi dan pemeliharaan; dan DEVELOPMENT • Pengukuran
• Pencapaian hasil
- Penghapusan. • Optimalisasi kinerja
• Program maintenance
• Habis ekonomis • Penilaian aset
• Replacement • Kondisi dan penggunaan
• Renewel
• Redeployment Operation &
Disposal Maintenace
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COST DATA
Number of Sanitary Fittings
LCC Calculation (for Building) :
TYPES OF LIFE
Acquisition Cost
Capital Cost CYCLE DATA
Taxes
LCC = I + Repl + E + W + OM&R + O - Res
PERFORMANCE DATA
Inflation Maintenance Cycles
Discount Rate I = PV investment costs (if incurred at base date, they need not be
Cleaning Cycles discounted)
Management Cost Thermal Conductivitiy
Replacement Cost
QUALITY DATA Repl = PV capital replacement costs
Occupancy Time
Maintenance Cost
Condition of :
Electricity E = PV of energy costs
Operating Cost
-Sanitary Fittings
Gas W = PV of water costs
-Pipework OM&R = PV of non-fuel operating, maintenance and repair costs
Cleaning Cost
-Furnishing
Demolition Cost O = PV of other costs
-Boiler
Insurance Res = PV residual value (resale value, salvage value) less disposal costs
-Decoration
-Fabric
-Road Surfing
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Alternatif A : ALTERNATIF A
◦ Capital Cost $ 100.000 Cash Flow Year (s) Discount Factor Present Value
◦ Predicted annual maintenance $ 2000
100.000 1 1 100.000
Alternatif B : 2.000 1 - 60 11,48 22.096
◦ Capital Cost $ 120.000 (x 60 years)
◦ Predicted annual maintenance $ 500 220.000 122.096
1. Payback Method
x n The length of time taken for the returns from an
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YPatau ( P / A, i, n) investment to equal the intial outlay. Where the proceeds
x 0 (1 i )
x are the same each year the payback period is obtained
by dividing the initial outlay by the annual proceeds
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ALTERNATIF A ALTERNATIF B
Proposal A Proposal A
Equivalent Annual Cost =Net Present Value Equivalent Annual Cost = Net Present Value
Present value of $1 per annum Present value of $1 per annum
= 108.972 = 153.209
4,485919 6,417658
= 24.292 = 23.873
TERIMA KASIH