Cloud Computing 8A1 Group

Scientia Potentia Est

An Introduction to the Cloud

Richard Fulwider – 8A1 Group

© 8A1 Group - 2009, 2010, 2011

 Cloud Computing 8A1 Group

Cloud Computing Benefits are significant

“Cloud computing is a pay-per-use model for enabling available, convenient, on-demand network
access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or
service provider interaction. This cloud model promotes availability and is comprised of five key
characteristics, …”

 Cloud Computing
 Provides infrastructure, storage, database, application development, application services
outside of the enterprise firewall available via internet.
 Available via internet or intranet
 Leverages your IT investment with shared resources driving down costs
 Rapid elasticity with just as responsive de-provisioning,
 On-demand, unilateral, flexible, scalable, services with high QOS,
 Location independent resource pooling; extensive virtualization,
 Costing that reflects high shared usage – pay-on-demand, pay-per-use.
 Provides savings associated with operational management and maintenance,
 Reduces risks and thus lowers business risk.
 Ubiquitous network access via standard mechanisms –promotes use by heterogeneous thin or
thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs).

- Peter Mell and Tim Grance - National Institute of Standards and Technology, Information Technology Laboratory

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Cloud Computing 8A1 Group

The Forces behind the growth…

 Enterprises are increasingly disappointed in the trade between enterprise system/software
costs and the real or perceived value,

 As always, and exacerbated by the current financial environment, businesses are under
pressure to reduce the cost of acquisition, deployment, and maintenance of software
solutions,

 Organizations are seeking to mitigate business and financial risks, and gain greater
forecasting ability in the true costs of services delivered,

 The value of a solution is not determined by its total functionality – it is determined by user
needs and experiences,

 Enterprises are turning to SOAs in order to lower cost and increase flexibility (and mash-
ups), future proofing, and maintenance – which in turn adds to the gaining momentum of
Cloud based services,

 Concerning business environmental response, IT has become one of the biggest points of
latency, and cloud computing holds the promise of easing that restriction.

 The need to, as always, is to maintain focus on adaptability in the enterprise core business,
not the IT world as a supporting cost-center.

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Enterprises and IT Departments face a brave new world

Migration is potentially disruptive
 Application and/or system migration can be daunting.
 New Architectural considerations / potentially high learning curve.
 Operations, Change Management, Cost benefits in whole or partial migrations.
 Enterprise information and data considerations.
 New Security considerations.

Per new market forces, in time, jump on-board or get left behind.

“The five year growth outlook remains strong,

with a five-year annual growth rate of 26% – over
six times the rate of traditional IT offerings. In
spite of the challenging economy – or more
accurately, because of it – this growth rate
advantage expanded from last year’s forecast, in
which cloud services were forecast to grow at
over five times traditional offerings.” - IDC

Source: http://blogs.idc.com/ie/?p=543

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Cloud Computing 8A1 Group

Cloud deployment Models

 Private Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is owned or leased by a single organization and is
operated solely for that organization.

 Community Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and

supports a specific community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security
requirements, policy, and compliance considerations).

 Public Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is owned by an organization selling cloud services to
the general public or to a large industry group.

 Hybrid Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (internal,
community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or
proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting).

Eachdeployment
Each deploymentmodel
modelinstance
instancehas
hasone
oneofofthree
threetypes:
types:internal,
internal,external
externalororhybrid.
hybrid.
Internalclouds
Internal cloudsreside
residewithin
withinananorganizations
organizationsnetwork
networksecurity
securityperimeter,
perimeter,external
externalclouds
clouds
resideoutside
reside outsidethe
theperimeter,
perimeter,hybrids
hybridsreside
resideboth
bothwithin
withinand
andwithout
withoutthe
theperimeter.
perimeter.

- Peter Mell and Tim Grance - National Institute of Standards and Technology, Information Technology Laboratory

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 Cloud Computing 8A1 Group

Cloud computing layers and services stack illustrates providers

evolving breadth
Business Process-as-a-Service

Adaptation: Cloud Computing and SOA Convergence in Your

Enterprise, David S. Linthicum

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 Cloud Computing 8A1 Group

Cloud services range from the more traditional

data center type provided capabilities…
 Infrastructure-as-a-Service : is the most used-to-date type of service since it is essentially rented data center services
(servers, networking technology, storage, and data center space, with attached SLAs). Often it includes delivery of
operating systems, virtualization technology, and dynamic scaling as well. An often high profile example of an IaaS is
Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)

 Storage-as-a-Service: per fee, on-demand, ability to control and use storage that is physically remote but is logically a
system local resource.

 Database-as-a-Service: per fee, on-demand, ability to control and use remotely hosted database services and logically
function as if local, sharing with other systems and users.

 Process-as-a-Service: is the ability to remotely truss resources such as services and data, either hosted in the same cloud
or hybrid environment to create and control business processes. It takes advantage of infrastructure, storage, and database
services either as cloud services or as part of a hybrid system.

 Platform-as-a-Service : is the ability to have access to a complete platform (solution stack), including applications /
software stacks, interface development and development tools, database development, Web services standards, storage,
and testing. Typically clients of this service are creating enterprise class applications for internal and/or on-demand use.
Some examples include: AppJet, Etolos, Google App Engine, and Force.com

 Software-as-a-Service / Application-as-a-Service: Any application or software package capability delivered over the
Web, to and end user, set of users, or utilizing system, most often via browser. Application-as-a-Service includes complex
and pervasive Enterprise applications or more simple office automation applications. Multi-use can either be simple (client
owned resources), or Fine-grain-multi-Use, where all resources are shared excepting customer data, trans-access
capabilities (including VPN support) giving greater economies of scale. Having the enterprise client base performing the
same function on a massive level leads to massively scaled SaaS. These can realize tremendous economies of scale.
Examples are Facebook, eBay, Skype, Google Apps, etc.

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…to a full spectrum of services

 Integration-as-a-Service : makes available a complete integration stack, including applications interfaces, semantic
mediation, federation services, event awareness, integration design. Typically, included are the capabilities of Enterprise
Application Integration, however, these may be skewed toward technology drivers unique to the service providers approach
to cloud services implementation.

 Security-as-a-Service: this includes the ability to provide core security for the services offered. This includes security for
the cloud assets as well as internet security, and by default extends to the infrastructure level. Note that extension to the
infrastructure is further required by the aggregated nature of other offerings. Although costs at the ‘data-center’ level are
most likely hidden.

 Management / Governance-as-a-Service : cloud environment providers make available the on-demand service to enable
management of one or many cloud services. Typically these include topology, resource use, virtualization, and uptime
management. Increasingly, Governance systems are being offered that allow clients to enforce defined policies on data and
services on behalf of themselves and their clients and affiliates.

 Testing-as-a-Service : is the service that allows provides the ability to test local or cloud-delivered systems using test
environments (software and services) that remotely located or cloud resident. Not only does this service support testing of
cloud services as acquired, but supports the ability to test other cloud applications, Web sites, Web services, and enterprise
internal systems. Again – the advantage is on-demand service which does not require a hardware or software footprint.

 Business Process-as-a-Service : is embryonic at this time – but centers on the notion that BPO moves to a Cloud based
provisioning via a dedicated logical layer – a BPSL – Business Process Service Layer. The BPSL would be richer than the
Web Services layer. Business processes would be configurable via design tools and parameters by value adders, placed in
the cloud and would become part of a configurable solution for the end-client.
Many organizations / more established providers do not recognize Information-as-a-Service as a break out
category, however; many niche provider consider this service important to the core of their offering.
Information-as-a-Service*: is primarily the ability to consume any type of information remotely hosted via defined
interfaces such as APIs. Examples include public/pay for information (stock, commodities prices; consumer information,
digital media). Note that the information may be provided as a service or may be separately contracted with applicable fees.

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 Cloud Computing 8A1 Group

Cloud Offerings - Acronyms

AaaS, SaaS – Application-as-a-Service, Software-as-a-Service

BPaaS – Business Process-as-a-Service
DaaS – Database-as-a-Service
GaaS – Governance-as-a-Service
IaaS – Infrastructure-as-a-Service
INaaS – Information-as-a-Service
ITaaS – Integration-as-a-Service
MaaS – Management-as-a-Service
MSaaS – Massively scaled Software-as-a-Service
PaaS – Process-as-a-Service
PLaaS – Platform-as-a-Service
SaaS – Storage-as-a-Service
SCaaS – Security-as-a-Service
TaaS – Testing-as-a-Service

http://www.scribd.com/doc/56444997

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