Quy tc HAGUE - VISBY (1968)

iu I Trong Qui tc ny, cc t sau y c s dng vi ngha nh c nu di y: a. "Ngi chuyn ch" bao gm ch s hu hoc ngi thu tu giao kt mt hp ng vn chuyn vi ngi gi hng. b. "Hp ng vn chuyn" ch p dng cho cc hp ng vn chuyn c th hin bng vn n hoc mt chng t s hu tng t trong chng mc chng t lin quan n vic vn chuyn hng ho bng ng bin, bao gm bt k vn n hoc chng t tng t no nh nu trn c pht hnh trn c s hoc theo mt hp ng thu tu k t thi im vn n hoc chng t s hu tng t iu chnh cc mi quan h gia mt ngi chuyn ch vi mt ngi cm vn n. c. "Hng ho" bao gm hng ho, vt, thng phm, vt phm thuc mi th loi tr ng vt sng v hng ho c khai trong hp ng vn chuyn l ch trn boong v thc t c ch trn boong. d. "Tu" l bt k loi tu no c s dng vn chuyn hng ho bng ng bin. e. "Vn chuyn hng ha" bao trm khong thi gian t lc xp hng ho ln tu cho n lc d hng ho khi tu. iu II Tun th cc quy nh ti iu VI, theo mi hp ng vn chuyn hng ho bng ng bin, ngi chuyn ch phi chu trch nhim v c hng cc quyn v min trch nh c nu di y lin quan n vic xp, chuyn dch, lu kho, sp xp, chuyn ch, coi gi, chm sc v d hng. iu III 1. Trc v lc bt u hnh trnh, ngi chuyn ch phi c s cn mn thch ng : a. Lm cho tu c kh nng i bin; b. Bin ch, trang b v cung ng thch ng cho tu; c. Lm cho cc hm, phng lnh v phng pht lnh, v tt c cc b phn khc ca con tu dng vo vic chuyn ch hng ho thch ng v an ton cho vic tip nhn, chuyn ch v bo qun hng ho. 2. Tun th cc quy nh ti iu IV, ngi chuyn ch phi thc hin mt cch thch ng v cn thn vic xp, chuyn dch, sp xp, chuyn ch, coi gi, chm sc v d hng ho c chuyn ch. 3. Sau khi nhn trch nhim v hng ho, ngi chuyn ch hoc thuyn trng hoc i l ca ngi chuyn ch s, theo yu cu ca ngi gi hng, cp cho h mt vn n trong , ngoi cc chi tit khc, c ghi: a. Nhng m k hiu chnh cn thit nhn bit hng ho ging nh ti liu bng vn bn do ngi gi hng cung cp trc lc bt u xp hng, vi u kin l cc m k hiu phi c in hoc c th hin r rng bng mt cch thc khc ln trn hng ho nu hng ho khng c ng bao b, hoc ln trn nhng hm kin cha hng ho theo mt cch thc m nhng m k hiu trong iu kin bnh thng vn c c cho n khi kt thc hnh trnh.

b. S kin, s chic hoc s lng hoc trng lng tu tng trng hp nh ngi gi hng cung cp bng vn bn. c. Trt t v tnh trng bn ngoi ca hng ho. Vi iu kin l ngi chuyn ch, thuyn trng hoc i l ca ngi chuyn ch khng buc phi k hoc ghi trong vn n nhng m k hiu, s hiu, s lng hay trng lng m h c c s hp l nghi ng l khng th hin ng hng ho thc t c tip nhn hoc h khng c phng tin hp l kim tra. 4. Mt vn n nh vy l bng chng hin nhin v vic ngi chuyn ch nhn nhng hng ho m t trong vn n quy nh ti on 3 (a), (b) v (c). Tuy nhin, bng chng ngc li s khng c chp nhn khi vn n c chuyn giao cho mt ngi th ba ngay tnh. 5. Ngi gi hng c coi nh m bo cho ngi chuyn ch, vo lc xp hng, s chnh xc ca m k hiu, s hiu, s lng v trng lng do h cung cp v ngi gi hng phi bi thng cho ngi chuyn ch v mi mt mt, h hng v chi ph pht sinh t hoc l h qu ca s khng chnh xc ca cc chi tit . Quyn ca ngi chuyn ch i vi nhng khon bi thng nh vy tuyt nhin khng hn ch trch nhim ca ngi ny theo hp ng vn chuyn i vi bt k ngi no khc ngoi ngi gi hng. 6. Tr khi thng bo bng vn bn v mt mt hoc thit hi v tnh cht chung ca cc mt mt, h hng c gi cho ngi chuyn ch hay i l ca ngi chuyn ch ti cng d hng trc hoc vo lc trao hng cho ngi c quyn nhn hng theo hp ng vn chuyn coi gi, hoc, nu mt mt hoc h hng khng th hin r bn ngoi, trong vng ba ngy, vic trao hng nh vy s l bng chng hin nhin ca vic giao hng ca ngi chuyn ch nh m t trong vn n. Khng cn gi thng bo bng vn bn nu vo thi im nhn hng, tnh trng ca hng ho c kim duyt hoc kim tra i tch. Tun th on 6 bis, ngi chuyn ch v tu, trong bt k trng hp no, c gii phng khi mi trch nhim i vi hng ho, tr khi mt v kin c a ra trong vng mt nm k t khi giao hng hoc k t ngy hng ho ng l phi c giao. Tuy nhin, thi hn ny c th c gia hn nu cc bn tho thun nh vy sau khi nguyn nhn ca v kin pht sinh. Trong trng hp c bt k mt mt hoc h hi thc t hay c th cm thy r, ngi chuyn ch v ngi nhn hng phi to cho nhau mi iu kin thun li kim tra v kim m hng ho. Mt v kin i bi thng thit hi chng li mt ngi th ba c th c tin hnh thm ch khi ht thi hn mt nm theo quy nh ti on trn nu v kin ny c a ra trong thi gian c lut ca To n ni a ra v kin cho php. Tuy nhin, thi gian cho php khng th t hn ba thng, bt u t ngy m ngi a ra v khiu ni i bi thng gii quyt khiu kin hoc c thng bo v th tc t tng chng li chnh ngi ny. 7. Sau khi hng ho c xp xung tu, vn n do ngi chuyn ch, thuyn trng hay i l ca ngi chuyn ch cp cho ngi gi hng, nu ngi gi hng c yu cu, s l "vn n xp hng", vi iu kin l nu ngi gi hng trc nhn c mt chng t s hu i vi cc hng ho th h phi hon li nhng chng t s hu i ly "vn n xp hng", nhng tu s la chn ca ngi chuyn ch, trn vn n , ngi chuyn ch, thuyn trng hoc i l ca ngi chuyn ch c th ghi tn tu hoc nhng tu xp nhng hng ho ti cng xp hng, v ngy hoc nhng ngy xp hng, v khi ghi nh th, nu c cc chi tit nu trong on 3 ca iu III th nhm mc ch ca iu ny, vn n nh vy s c coi l vn n " xp hng". 8. Mi iu khon, giao c hay tho thun trong mt hp ng vn chuyn hng ho lm gim nh trch nhim ca ngi chuyn ch hay ca tu i vi mt mt hay thit hi lin quan n hng ho pht sinh t s bt cn, li hay khng thc hin cc nhim v v ngha v nh quy nh ti iu ny hoc gim bt trch nhim hn so vi quy nh ti Qui tc ny s l v gi tr v khng c hiu lc. Vic dnh li ch v bo him cho ngi chuyn ch hoc mt iu khon tng t s c coi nh mt iu khon gim nh trch nhim ca ngi chuyn ch.