Introduction:

Bangladesh is a developing country. Since its inception, Bangladesh is striving hard to come out of the vicious circle of poverty and toward achieving that goal various development programmes were undertaken by the government from time to time. As a result tangible achievements were attained in the field of agriculture, industry, education, human resource development, empowerment and participation of women in different economic activities, health, nutrition and productivity promotion of major economic sectors like, agriculture, industry, service sector, transport & communication and financial sectors. The literacy rate has gone up to 62% while mortality rate has gone down drastically. We are now quite confident that Bangladesh is fast coming of age economically assuring spectacular achievement in all its important sectors with comprehensive macro and micro-economic reforms and unstinted allegiance effort by the positive participation of the private sector, social organizations and NGO's. The very image of the country and the mode of development is changing with positive growth and perpetual progress except the good culture of good governance and political harmony. The economic growth and prosperity for Bangladesh is only a matter of time. Bangladesh economic are well on its way to achieve 5.5 percent GDP growth for the year 2004. Grain harvests have grown with comprehensive behavior, growth in industry sector now stand for 7.2 percent, quantum index of SME's has grown 5.4 percent and the growth of exports accounted about 17% for 2004 that is trade service growth would improve fairly. The export of readymade garments (RMG)-both woven and knitwear has picked up due to increase in global demand and the consolidation process in the industry, which earns over 75 percent export earnings. A double-digit growth in remittance inflows and marked rise in domestic demand, which was induced by increased availability of credit for the private sector.

Private Sector Development in Bangladesh :

In tune with the current global trend, the government has committed itself to the market economy and has been pursuing policies through which the private sector will play the dominant role in the country's development efforts. In all cases where public ownership is retained, efficiency must be increased through improving management, decentralizing the decision making process, ensuring commercially viable operations and following economic pricing of all goods and services produced. To encourage private sector led growth, govt. is now playing the role as a facilitator rather than regulator. Although social direction of private enterprise in certain fields may be necessary to safeguard the people's interest, private enterprise is encouraged to be the main lever for development in all areas where they have demonstrated satisfactory performance or are likely to be more efficient. Entrepreneurship is provided with training extension services, input supply, credit and markets through appropriate policy measures so that there can be a better mobilization of resources, in particular private resources from abroad, for productive investments. A pro-active local and foreign direct investment strategy has also been developed for encouragement of more FDI in the country.

Agriculture Development Led Industrialization Strategy:

The present government has undertaken key strategy for agricultural development led industrialization strategy, which includes investment in infrastructure and technological progress in agriculture together with forward linkages into agro-based and agro-processing industries. The revised industrial policy, which is under process of finalization, has been given high priority for giving policy support to establish agro-based and agro-processing industries in different industrial zones of the country for making it convenient to agricultural development in Bangladesh.

People and Human rights:

People can only contribute and benefit from globalization if they are in adequate health and endowed with knowledge skills and values and with the capabilities and rights needed to pursue their basic livelihoods. They need employment and incomes, and a healthy environment. These are the essential conditions, which empower them to lead a self-determined, decent life, and to participate fully as citizens in their local, national and global communities. These goals, which are the heart of the millennium declaration, can only be reached if government allocate resources properly maintaining

equity requirement at all levels including workers and managerial classes. Unequal access to education also fuels growing wages inequality in the labour market. Another widespread concern is child labour, which is both a serious problems in its own right and a major factor limiting school enrolment, retention and educational achievement. The poverty of parents to day condemns working children to poverty tomorrow. Action to increase schooling and skills needs to go hand in hand with action to reduce child labour. The growing national consciousness of these issues is leading many countries including Bangladesh to adopt strategies for the elimination of the worst forms of child labour and the rights of the workers. In many parts of the world, especially in industrialized and middle income countries like Bangladesh, additional pressures on the quality of employment have compounded problems of high or rising unemployment. Real wages and conditions of work have been under pressure, partly as a result of increasing competition for export markets and foreign investment. There has also been growing insecurity among those at work, due to interrelated factors such as the erosion of the welfare state, labour market deregulation and the declining power of the trade unions. Changes in technology and work organization have placed a premium on greater labour flexibility, resulting in an increase in contingent work less secure employment contracts. The interests both workers and the employers need to be recognized and balanced policies are essentials.

Core Labour Standards:

There is general acceptance by the international community of the value of international labour standards as means to improve the conditions of employment and labour worldwide. In 1995, the Copenhagen World Summit for Social Development define a set of "fundamental" workers rights, based on seven International Labour Conventions, The ILO launched in campaign for their universal ratification and at its 1998 conference they were taken as a reference for the adoption of its declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at work and its follow-up. The declaration restates the obligation of all member states to respect, promote and realize the principles concerning fundamental rights dealt with in the conventions, namely. (a) The elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour. (b) Freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining. (c) The effective abolition of child labour. (d) The elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. (e) Equal remuneration for men and women for work of equal value.

Labour Management Relations:

Despite a short industrial history, labour-management relations have undergone several changes in Bangladesh. The major characteristics of labour-management relations in Bangladesh are as follows: (i) Lack of requisite leadership. (ii) Lack of scientific management system. (iii) Absences of necessary delegation of power to plant management of public sector enterprises. (iv) Lack of proper education and training to management and working groups. (v) Greater influence of politics in trade unionism. (vi) Violation of labour laws both by the management and workers.

(vii) Violation of labour laws both by the management and workers. (viii) Absence of a sense of belongings. (ix) Irrational wages structure. (x) Absence of a matured industrial workforce on the one hand and industrial entrepreneurs on the other hand. In the former case the workforce is only one generation old and in the later case entrepreneurs. (xi) Absence of mutual trust and respect between management and trade union and (xii) Inadequate communication system.

Views of Management and trade Unions on each others co-operation:

In general though the employers in Bangladesh recognize the necessity of Labour-management cooperation for productivity improvement, yet they think that non-cooperation of workers is the main cause of low labour productivity. They strongly feel that wage fixation should be done at the plant level and it should be linked to productivity. Accordingly to them, political determination and commitment is necessary to relate wages to productivity. They demand that to govt. should take necessary steps to maintain proper law and order situation for undisturbed production process. Further they demand that trade unions should not be affiliated to the political parties, so that trade unions can pay more attention to the matters related to the total economic welfare of the industry which can benefit both workers and the employers. The Trade Unions in Bangladesh judge the role of management as a negative one. They consider the management unfair, greedy and reluctant to accept trade unions as a positive social force but only as an inevitable evil. All these factors have resulted in mistrust, antagonism and even estrangement. Low level of wages is considered one of the major causes of abnormal labour-management relations and low productivity. The trade unions consider the existing labour laws inadequate, faulty and ineffective, the state apparatus interferes in every dispute. Adjudication takes time, and conciliation and arbitration are arbitrary. In important aspect of government's labour relations policy is to take steps to increase industrial production and productivity. It is necessary to create congenial environment in which labour and management works in the basis of identify of interest and unity of purpose. In the regard the Government of Bangladesh has taken a series of steps through legislation and institutional arrangement. The Government of Bangladesh has announcement its latest labour policy in March 1980. The basic objective of the said policy is to ensure, in consonance with the fundamental principles of the constitution of the country, healthy labour relations needed for increased production and overall national economic development for improving the conditions as well as the standard of living of the people. The salient features of the above labour policy are: (i) Tripertism. (ii) Productivity and Incentives. (iii) Distribution of fair wages and development of manpower resources through education and training. (iv) Industrial relations. (v) Labour relations. (vi) Amendment and adaptation of labour laws.

Problem of Trade Unions in Bangladesh:

One of the major problems of trade union movement in Bangladesh is the fragmentation of unions. All unions associated with different political parties and groups have entrusted the national scene. This multi-unionism has posed a serious threat to industrial harmony in Bangladesh has evolved a Labour Code which provides that a union can claim recognition it its members can constitute 30 percent of the total workers in that industry.

Workers Participation:
Workers participation is yet another issue, which has been taken up under the broad category of Industrial Relations because the concept of workers participation emerged within the framework of the tripartite system of labour-management relations in Bangladesh. The major actors of labourmanagement relations in Bangladesh are the Government, the Government, the employers and the employers. The issue of workers participation has great relevance in the industrial relations scene in Bangladesh because it emerged as a measure for promoting harmony between labour and management. In Bangladesh, worker participation schemes had their beginning after independence.

Labour Legislation:
This is another important area, which has a great impact on the industrial relations system. Labour legislation has been instrumental in shaping the course of industrial relations in Bangladesh. Establishment of social justice is the principle, which has guided the origin and development of labour legislation in Bangladesh. The international labour organization (ILO) gave an impetus to the consideration of welfare and working conditions of the workers all over the world and also to the growth of labour laws in all parts of the world, including Bangladesh.

Wage and industrial relations:

The government of Bangladesh always plays significant role in the determination of wages in the organized sector. There are number of laws in Bangladesh to ensure payment on time of a certain minimum wage. In addition, there are wage boards appointed by the Govt. to determine the wages in particular industries. The Government has also established labour-courts and industrial tribunals to settle wage disputes by adjudication. In unionized situation, bilateral process of collective bargaining is evident and in case of deadlock or dispute between the employer and the union, recourse is taken to the government labour machinery, labour tribunals and even law courts.

Technological Changes and Industrial Relations:

Technological changes do have an impact on industrial activity. Its impact on employment is an important short-term economic aspect of automation. Installation of a large number of automatic machines at the same time may create serious problems of unemployment, because by introducing automatic the number of workers for the same output is likely to be less. One of the growing problems in Bangladesh is large-scale unemployment and under-employment. Cottage and small-scale industries, which are labour-intensive, provide large-scale employment. In this connection the government of Bangladesh is fully aware of the situation and has taken steps to the effect that in the application of advanced techniques of production, adequate care is taken to see that the traditional labour intensive sector which provides employment to a large labour force continues to exist.

Main Action Policy of My Organization:

(a) Improving Wages and working conditions. (b) Combating child labor. (c) Fighting against exploitation.

(d) Strengthen industrial relation. (e) Support for legal aid & disaster and calamity. (f) Organize the Unorganized in the informal sector. (g) Building trade union movement and international solidarity. (h) Establish trade union and human rights. In Bangladesh, environment of labour market seems to be mismatch both in the form of privilege, human rights, participation in decision making process, job security, basic rights, quality of education and labour welfare. All these issues may be addressed against for obtaining better quality of life both in individual, society and workplaces for the workers. International Labour Organization (ILO) and the related International Agencies those who are looking after the labour matters and their welfare should have developed a action plan for the developing countries like Bangladesh.