Smart Grid: Logging On To

The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers n www.nema.org n June 2011 n Vol. 16 No.
Smart Grid
ALSO INSIDE
In Search of the Killer App Communicating Maturity and Progress in Smart Grid Cybersecurity, Interoperability, and Collaboration Smart Grid and Vehicle Communications Mexican Commission Invests in Smart Grid
Logging on to
FEATURES:
Smart Grid Maturity Model Promotes Manufacturer-Utility Partnership ...................8
Electroindustry News ...................................19 Vids for Grids Behind the Scenes ...........................19 Marketing Inefficiencies Waste Money .......................20 Illuminations Weekend to Feature Syndicated Columnist George Will ..............................20 NEMA to Host Electrical Distributors Day ....................20 Home Safety Basics: The Basement and Utility Room ..........................................................21 National Cancer Survivors Day Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Offer Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Offer Hope in Identifying and Treating Disease Hope in Identifying and Treating Disease .........................................................................22 Code Actions/Standardization Trends ............23 How and Where Does LVDC Fit into Sustainability Puzzle? ..................................................23 OSHA Ruling Impacts Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory Program ....................25 Technical Representatives Build Clout in Codes and Standards ...................................................26 Maine Considers Replacing 2008 NEC with 2011 Edition .................................................................26 NFPA and UL Workshops..............................................27 Magnet Wire Section Welcomes Technical Associate Membership ................................................28 International Roundup ................................29 NEMA Discusses Smart Grid with Mexican Federal Commission of Electricity ...............................29 Economic Spotlight ......................................31 Demand for Industrial Control Equipment Continues to Rise..........................................................31 North American Business Conditions Continued to Advance in May .....................................32
CONTENTS
Pushing for Progress in the Realm of Smart Home Appliances ...............................12 Standardizing Field Testing of Metering Installations .................................14 Cybersecurity in the Smart Grid ....................15 Interoperability, Interoperability, Interoperability Three Perspectives on a Key Feature of Smart Grid .......................16 DOE Creates Repository for Information about Smart Grid Projects ....17 NIST and IEC View Roadmaps to Smart Grid ...............................................18
NOTES:
NEMA Officers ................................................................2 Comments from the C-Suite..........................................2 Views from the Top ........................................................3 Regulatory Insight .........................................................5
DEPARTMENTS:
Washington Report........................................6 FERC Removes Barrier to Demand Response ................6 NEMA-Backed EV Infrastructure Bill Introduced in House ......................................................6 NEMA Weighs in on State Product Stewardship Legislation.................................................7 Congress Considers NEMA-Backed Lithium Battery Transportation Regulations ...........................................7 Administration and Congress Prepare for FTAs with Korea, Colombia, and Panama ..............................7
ECO BOX
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Publisher | Joseph Higbee Managing Editor / Editor in Chief | Pat Walsh Contributing Editors | Andrea Goodwin William E. Green III Chrissy L. Skudera Economic Spotlight | Timothy Gill Standards | Al Scolnik Washington Report | Kyle Pitsor Art Director | Jennifer Tillmann Media Sales Team Leader | Stephanie Bunsick
electroindustry
electroindustry (ISSN 1066-2464) is published monthly by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 1752, Rosslyn, VA 22209; 703.841.3200. FAX: 703.841.5900. Periodicals postage paid at Rosslyn, VA, and York, PA, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to NEMA, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 1752, Rosslyn, VA 22209. The opinions or views expressed in electroindustry do not necessarily reflect the positions of NEMA or any of its subdivisions. Follow NEMA: www.nema.org/facebook, blog.nema.org, podcast.nema.org, twitter.com/NEMAupdates, www.youtube.com/NEMAvue, www.nema.org/linkedin
Officers
Chairman David J. FitzGibbon Vice Chairman & CEO ILSCO Corporation First Vice Chairman Dominic J. Pileggi Chairman of the Board & CEO Thomas & Betts Corporation Second Vice Chairman John Selldorff President & CEO Legrand North America Treasurer Christopher Curtis President & CEO Schneider Electric Immediate Past Chairman Charlie Jerabek Vice Chairman OSrAm Sylvania President & CEO Evan R. Gaddis Secretary Clark R. Silcox
COMMENTS FROM THE C-SUITE

Its nearly summer, the season of growth, time to welcome the fruits of an improving economy and high levels of activity by this association in all our product areaselectric vehicles, whole body scans, energy storage, lighting, high performance buildings, and the ever present Smart Grid, the topic of this months issue of electroindustry. I am very proud of our leadership in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Smart Grid Federal Advisory Committee. NEMA continues to work with state and federal lawmakers to provide incentives for companies that produce, transport, and consume electricity more efficiently For manufacturers, distributors, and utilities, NEMAs Smart Grid Interoperable & Conformant (SGIC) testing scheme brings stakeholders together under NEMAs auspices to identify points of interoperability in Smart Grid standards and design test specifications that make sense to everyone. NEMA members are leading the way in developing these standards and encouraging investment in these technologies. But we dont stop there. Weve made advancements in Canada, Mexico, Latin America, the Caribbean, and most recently China. We continue to create and promote programs focused on common standards and technologies. Ultimately, we are empowering the consumer. This goes beyond lighting and energy controls. Two-way communication and power flows are making it easier to integrate renewables and other smart elements, like electric vehicles. As Smart Grid progresses, we are getting closer to energy management at home with smart appliances and advanced meteringall of which will soon be routinely accessible through cell phones. In closing, Im reminded that summer also brings an opportunity for the NEMA Board of Governors to entertain strategic initiatives for 2012. I urge members to provide input to the NEMA staff prior to the July 14 Board of Governors meeting for our consideration so NEMA can continue to grow and provide our members with what they need to succeed in todays environment. Its the season of growth. Enjoy it.
ei
David J. FitzGibbon Chairman
NEMA electroindustry
June 2011
Views from the Top

Recent Smart Grid Progress Needs End-to-End Interoperability, Collaboration to Keep Moving in the Right Direction
Enrique Santacana, President and CEO, ABB Inc. and ABB Region Manager of North America Just three years ago, the term Smart Grid was a hot topic of discussion but there was little to no consensus about what the term really meant. Everyone agreed that the grid had an aging infrastructure such as power transformers more than 40 years old on average and under great stressand that we needed to modernize our existing power systems to incorporate many of the new technologies and automation solutions being made available. Fast forward to the present, and it is clear we have made great strides in not only defining Smart Grid but in optimizing the grid with new solutions, technologies, and applications. The early emphasis on Smart Grid by the power industry and the media focused on smart meters and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), since that was the primary consumer touch point. But over the past year, talk of AMIan enabling technology that requires the availability of two-way communicationshas given way to a broader discussion of endto-end communications capabilities involving distribution grid management, distribution automation, demand response and transmission systems across the grid. Today, utilities have made great strides in optimizing the grid with new end-to-end technologies and applications, but this is only the beginning of a long transformation. These advancements can be broken down into five broad categories for how Smart Grid technologies improve the grid infrastructure, making the grid work smarter, not harder. Increased capacIty The demand for electrical power will rise faster than all other forms of energy over the next decade. By 2020, there could possibly be as many as three million electric vehicles (EV) representing or around two percent of all cars on the road. The grid, as it stands today, needs to be smarter to support these cars and the new infrastructure, such as EV fast charging stations that will be needed to make EV a viable option to traditional gasoline powered vehicles. It has to be built. In recent months we have also seen exciting advances in distributed generation, distributed energy storage, and demand response. On the transmission side, flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) and underground/undersea high voltage direct current transmission systems (HVDC) are increasing capacity on existing lines. Increased relIabIlIty The aging of T&D assets continues to be a major issue for many grid operators. These assets are aging faster than they can be replaced. New technologies and services that closely manage the health and the lifecycle of crucial assets like high voltage transformers are being implemented. This has not been the case with distribution, where the volume of assets is significantly greater and is highly distributed across the grid. But this is changing with the Smart Grid system expansion where utilities are creating a distribution network of sensors, monitors, and controllers, that when combined with lower cost communications, enables utilities to implement improved asset management and operational processes. Fault detection, isolation, and restoration solutions significantly reduce customer outage minutes. Increased effIcIency Producing, transmitting and distributing, and using energy is an inefficient business by nature. Up to 80 percent of energy can be lost in the process. New technologiessuch as Volt/ Var optimization, smart sensors, and demand response management systems on the distribution grid, and static var compensators (SVC) and other FACTS systems that provide more efficient use of existing transmission infrastructure, not to mention reduced environmental impacthave already helped to reduce energy losses and to increase asset utilization. For example, Volt/Var optimization programs that keep power levels within the optimal range save as much as five percent in generation costs. These solutions are proving that energy efficiency is actually the greatest renewable energy source. Increased sustaInabIlIty Renewable energies continue to grow as a major source of new energy production in the coming years, particularly as many states have already mandated renewable portfolio standards over the next decade. As these alternative energy sources are variable by nature, the industry has made great progress in developing new and more reliable forms of energy storage for peak demand or for supplementing energy when renewable production is low. HVDC transmission and FACTS solutions can integrate remotely located or offshore renewable generation. Virtual power plant solutions are now allowing grid operators to integrate distributed energy resources into the grid, managing and dispatching them effectively. Increased consumer engagement Customer involvement is crucial to the future of the Smart Grid. Many utilities are now engaging consumers, who either want to reduce the environmental impact of their power consumption, or simply
June 2011
Views from the Top

find ways to decrease monthly bills. Utilities are starting to provide solutions that go beyond simple smart metering. New demand response management systems are giving utility customers the power to set their own preferences, such as delaying energy use until its available from a customers preferred source (e.g., wind). New critical peak pricing programs have induced a drop in peak demand and usage by up to 20 percent. Infrastructure upgrades centered around these five key challenges and opportunitiesof Smart Grid development have begun and will continue to escalate, especially now that the U.S. economic recovery has improved the outlook for the electroindustry. But there is one key underlying issue across each of these solutions that must be embraced: grid interoperability. The technological breakthroughs involving grid optimization from generation across the grid to the home have been exciting and diverse. But many utilities are concerned, rightfully so, that the technologies they develop and introduce to the market today will become obsolete or isolated in five years without standards that are future-proof and scalable, and that enable interoperability between nonproprietary systems. Many Smart Grid standards are in the works, but a continued dedication to and acceptance of these end-to-end standards, along with industry collaboration, is needed to ensure that these breakthroughs in grid capacity, reliability, efficiency, sustainability, and consumer involvement continue to transform our current power grid into the Smart Grid of the twentyfirst century. ei
In Search of the Killer App
Paul A. Molitor, Assistant Vice President, Strategic Initiatives and Special Projects Ive attended a number of Smart Grid conferences over the past two years where the concept of the killer application, or killer app, was discussed. Merriam-Webster describes a killer app as a feature or component that in itself makes something worth having or using (www.m-w.com). 1108), which describes eight priority application areas: wide-area situational awareness, demand response and consumer energy efficiency, energy storage, electric transportation, cybersecurity, network communications, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), and distribution grid management. It could be that the killer app for the Smart Grid is one of these eight, or it may be some application that has yet to be developed. In my opinion, there seem to be two areas that are emerging as the fertile ground from which we may harvest the killer app: distribution automation and home energy management. If the U.S. is serious about promoting rooftop solar panels, backyard wind turbines, and electric vehicles (EVs), we cant survive without distribution automation. Renewables tend to be highly intermittent based on local weather patterns; we also cannot plan for electric vehicle charging because of the variable nature of the way we use our cars. Neither the intermittent nature of renewables nor variable EV charging patterns lend themselves to a centralized control model. The grid is simply going to have to respond to changes much faster than utility operators have been used to, and many of those changes will be localized based on weather and other variables. Distribution automation is the only way to effectively manage how the grid responds. In terms of the home, if consumers become more engaged in managing their energy usage, it will completely change the game for electric utilities. Imagine a TiVo-like interface2 that permits you to schedule energy usage in the same way you currently make many of your entertainment choices. This would not only allow you to take advantage of time-of-use rates for electricity, but the scheduling information could also be used by the utility company to optimize the grid. I think the industry is still searching for its killer app. But with billions of energy usage dollars on the line, it wont be too long before we start to see new product offerings. Someday well all look back and recognize them as having truly made a difference in the Smart Grid. ei
1 iPod is a registered trademark of Apple, Inc. Walkman is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation. 2 TiVo and the TiVo logo are registered trademarks of TiVo Inc.
A number of killer apps can be cited in other fields. For computers, cheap memory is often credited with being the breakthrough that enabled the rapid advancement of computing power. In terms of the Internet, the creation of graphic interfaces and web browsers built a demand for services that has sustained the industry for almost two decades. And todays iPods can trace their lineage back to a portable cassette player known as the Sony Walkman.1 The playbook that guides most of the effort for Smart Grid in the U.S. is the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards (NIST Special Publication
June 2011
Regulatory Insight
Smart Grid Community Evolves with Standards
The boundaries we have drawn around this undertaking we call Smart Grid have created a community out of long-time friends, associates, competitors, and strangersmachine and human alike. Never has a meter been asked to sustain the same semantic concept of its data that the wholesale market would associate with it. Utilities have never worked so closely with so many vendors they have no financial relationship with, and in this domain, federal government efforts have never been so well coordinated. In many aspects, this is an uncomfortable process, but we are ready for it. While many federal entities have an interest in Smart Grids ongoing standards work and ultimate goals from an issue-based or tactical perspective, I believe only three have an enduring strategic responsibility: NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), FERC (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission), and DOE (Department of Energy). Stated in perhaps oversimplified terms, NIST advocates for the process, FERC advocates for the customer and market, and DOE advocates for the system. Our respective roles provide for an effective structure for collaboration and resolution of conflicts. There is a small but necessary tension that exists because our roles are not the same, but our frequent communication and collaboration allow for resolution early and often. We have a balance to maintain the Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) as a whole; the better the balance Christopher Irwin, Smart Grid Standards and Interoperability Coordinator for the Office of Electricity, U.S. Department of Energy in the SGIP, the easier it is to balance our federal responsibilities. As intended, all three federal entities are coupled loosely with the actual work of identifying and shaping standards, and pursuing interoperability. Our status as stakeholders is much the same as that of every other participant in the process, and we tread lightly on the issue-based or tactical level. In the launch process, NIST has necessarily taken a more active position, but I believe its long-term participation will be much the same. We are essentially part of the fabric of the process. We all participate as a matter of course, and in accordance with our responsibilities. But as the chief advocate of the process, NIST has had some very heavy lifting over the past two years, and DOE has sought to support NIST in every way. Soon we will cross the three-and-a-halfyear mark since the passage of EISA, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, which defines much of our individual federal functions in shaping the Smart Grid. The challenge to NEMA and its members is to continue to push the boundaries of innovation in a way that is compatible with the federal charter for Smart Grid established in EISA, and the various state and local interests.
Our respective roles provide for an effective structure for collaboration and resolution of conflicts.
I look forward to continuing to work with NEMA in this effort, and remain committed to our shared vision of a better energy future for the U.S. Together, we are creating something of value. ei Christopher Irwin is the Smart Grid Standards and Interoperability Coordinator for the Office of Electricity in the U.S. Department of Energy. He is an active member of the SGIP and participates in White House and interagency collaborations on Smart Grid policy and implementation efforts.
NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) Governing Board. John Caskey, NEMA Assistant Vice President for Industry Operations (first row, fourth from left) is Vice Chair of the Governing Board of the Smart Grid Interoperability Panel
June 2011
Washington Report
FERC Removes Barrier to Demand Response
In March, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) finalized a rule that will promote the adoption of demand response (DR) technologies. This decision will influence electricity customers to enter into voluntary agreements that require them to reduce usage when a utility transmits a DR signal; in return, they are compensated according to their level of reduction. DR signals are likely to be sent on hot summer days (high demand) and in the event of a disruption in generation capacity (low supply). The rule requires the market price, known as the locational marginal price (LMP), to be paid to DR resources in organized wholesale energy markets. Valuing DR this way on the wholesale market will encourage wholesale customers, such as industrial users, to engage in DR themselves, or in the case of utilities, to implement DR programs for such customers as commercial building owners. LMP will be paid to DR customers in situations when it meets a costeffectiveness threshold. This threshold will reflect DRs impact on remaining loads to prevent ratepayers who are not engaged in DR from having to incur a greater cost per unit. Cost-effectiveness thresholds are to be determined by regional transmission organizations and independent system operators by July 22, 2011, in a filing to FERC. Demand response is one of the eight priority areas identified in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards. Because interaction between utilities and buildings is central to the Smart Grid and the implementation of DR, NEMAs High Performance Buildings Council is developing with ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers) SPC 201, the interoperability standard that will allow all loads, generators, and meters within a high performance building to communicate in a common language with a utility. While demand response has already begun to develop in many places around the country, this ruling will increase competition, allow new market entrants, and drive down costs for ratepayers. ei Jim Creevy, Director of Government Relations | jim.creevy@nema.org
NEMA-Backed EV Infrastructure Bill Introduced in House

On May 3, U.S. Representatives Judy Biggert (R-IL), Edward J. Markey (DMA), Jerry McNerney (D-CA), and Anna Eshoo (D-CA) introduced HR 1685, the Electric Drive Vehicle Deployment Act of 2011. Over the past few months, the NEMA Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment/ Systems (EVSES) Section provided significant input to the bills sponsors. The result is legislation that implements various incentives and programs to foster adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and EV infrastructure. Electric vehicle supply equipment is a central component of the Smart Grid and the investments made through this legislation will pay dividendsjob creation, enhanced energy security, and a cleaner environment, said NEMA President and CEO Evan R. Gaddis. HR 1685 extends the tax credit through 2014 for residential and commercial purchase and installation of electric vehicle charging infrastructure. The credit is set to expire at the end of this year. The bill expands the tax credit from 30 percent with a cap of $30,000 for businesses and $1,000 for individuals to Recovery Act levels of a 50 percent credit with a cap of $50,000 for businesses and $2,000 for individuals. In addition to the tax provision, this bill establishes: a deployment communities grant program at the Department of Energy to identify and demonstrate best practices in select communities for incorporating EVs and EV infrastructure into the grid bonding authority for EV infrastructure investments a loan program for manufacturers to reequip their facilities to produce EVSE or EV components a program to encourage adoption of EVs by federal fleets The same sponsors proposed a similar bill in the 111th Congress, but it was not acted upon. HR 1685 is joined in the U.S. Senate by Senator Debbie Stabenow (DMI), who introduced S 298, the Charging America Forward Act. and Senator Jeff Merkleys (D-OR) and Senator Lamar Alexanders (R-TN) S 948, the Promoting Electric Vehicles Act. A hearing was held on S 948 in the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on May 19. ei Jim Creevy, Director of Government Relations | jim.creevy@nema.org
June 2011
NEMA Weighs in on State Product Stewardship Legislation

NEMA supports product stewardship as a basis for end-of-life product management policies. See www.nema.org/ EOLManagement-ElectricalProducts. The industry believes that shared responsibility and risk provide the best chance for the most efficient, cost-effective programs. This is consistent with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which states that product stewardship calls on those in the product lifecycle manufacturers, retailers, users, and disposersto share responsibility for reducing the environmental impacts of products. (www.epa.gov/wastes/ partnerships/stewardship/basic.htm) NEMA testified recently in several states on product stewardship legislation that would place the entire legal and financial responsibility on manufacturers. Hearings on bills affecting energy-efficient lamps and mercury switch thermostats have been convened in Oregon, Vermont, Connecticut, and Massachusetts. Members in these product areas have a history of proactively ensuring that products are managed properly at end-oflife. The industry will support legislation that complements these efforts, embodies shared responsibility, and makes sense for the particular product and its market. Bills introduced in Connecticut and Massachusetts would add unnecessary costs and complications to the industry-funded Thermostat Recycling Corporation (TRC), a prominent example of NEMAs accomplishments in product stewardship. With data and information, we demonstrated flaws in these bills. In Massachusetts, we supported an alternative bill based on precedents that passed in Rhode Island and Illinois. The latter model would increase the visibility of and access to TRC collection program while ensuring that key parties that remove, handle, and store thermostats (i.e., wholesalers and contractors) have legal obligations as well. Experience has shown this to be a much more costeffective approach. We also testified in Oregon, Vermont, and Massachusetts on recycling mercuryadded lamps. Producers of compact fluorescent, linear fluorescent, and other energy-efficient lamps promote recycling through many channels, but would be forced under this legislation to implement and fund statewide systems. In testimony and meetings, we explained why the extended producer responsibility approach that forces manufacturers to internalize recycling costs is simply not feasible for lamps. Instead, the industry supports a uniformly applied, cost-minimizing system of financing that funds recycling through retail sale fees while simultaneously educating consumers. NEMA has either achieved or expects to achieve favorable outcomes on these issues in all states except Vermont, where the legislature and governor strongly support the concept that manufacturers must pay. ei Mark A. Kohorst, Senior Manager of Environment, Health, & Safety | mar_kohorst@nema.org
Congress Considers NEMA-Backed Lithium Battery Transportation Regulations

In the context of legislation directing the activities of the Federal Aviation Administration, a conference committee took up the issue of how the U.S. should regulate lithium batteries in air transportation. NEMA urged the committee to adopt provisions passed by the House that would ensure U.S. regulations on lithium metal and lithium-ion batteries, as well as products that are packed with or contain such batteries, are brought quickly into line with current international standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organization. NEMA and other industry groups have opposed U.S. efforts to put requirements in place that would be more restrictive but would not provide safety benefits. A Department of Transportation rulemaking on lithium batteries has been delayed in part due to NEMA and industry opposition. ei Craig Updyke, Manager, Trade and Commercial Affairs | cra_updyke@nema.org
Administration and Congress Prepare for FTAs with Korea, Colombia, and Panama
In April, U.S. Trade Representative Ron Kirk wrote to trade committee leaders on Capitol Hill indicating readiness to discuss how best to move forward with Congressional consideration of legislation to implement outstanding free trade agreements (FTAs) with South Korea, Colombia and Panama. NEMA supports all three agreements as they create new market access opportunities for members in growing economies. Formal consideration of the legislation is expected soon, with a goal of achieving final passage in July. ei Craig Updyke, Manager, Trade and Commercial Affairs | cra_updyke@nema.org
June 2011
Promotes Manufacturer-Utility Partnership

austin montgomery, smart grid program lead david White, smart grid maturity model project manager software engineering Institute, carnegie mellon university
Smart Grid Maturity Model

he modernization of the electric power grid has profound implications not only for utilities and consumers, but also for the manufacturers that supply them with technology and equipment. Electrical manufacturers provide innovative solutions, promote investment in grid improvements, and contribute to the development of interoperability standards essential to the Smart Grid vision.
In 2007, the Smart Grid Maturity Model (SGMM) was created by a group of utility companies with the goal of helping advance the adoption and deployment of Smart Grids across the industry and around the world. As key partners in this industry transformation, manufacturers are also important stakeholders in the growing global SGMM community. SGMM is a management tool that helps utilities plan Smart Grid implementation, prioritize investment options, and measure their progress. Developed for utilities by utilities, SGMM is hosted by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) at Carnegie Mellon University, which specializes in software and systems engineering, security best practices, process improvement, and maturity modeling. The SEI is maintaining and evolving the SGMM as a resource for industry transformation with the support of the U.S. Department of Energy and input from a broad array of stakeholders.
SGMM describes eight domains containing logical groupings of Smart Grid characteristics or capabilities, representing key elements of Smart Grid strategy, organization, and operation. Strategy, Management, and Regulatory (SMR) Organization and Structure (OS) Grid Operations (GO) Work and Asset Management (WAM) Technology (TECH) Customer (CUST) Value Chain Integration (VCI) Societal and Environmental (SE) Utilities use SGMM to assess their current state of Smart Grid implementation, define their goals for a future state, and generate inputs into their roadmapping, planning, and implementation processes. Major investor-owned utilities and small public power utilities, in the U.S. and around the world, have reported finding the model a valuable tool to help them:
June 2011
LOggINg ON TO SMART gRID
identify where they are on the Smart Grid landscape; develop a shared Smart Grid vision and roadmap; communicate with internal and external stakeholders using a common language; prioritize options and support decision making; compare themselves to the rest of the community; measure their progress; prepare for and facilitate change.
Compass on a consensus basis, which promotes valuable internal discussion of current status and shared objectives. After scoring and analyzing the survey, the Navigator leads a second workshop to review the survey results and use them to set consensus aspirations for an agreed upon planning horizon, and to discuss related motivations, obstacles, and required actions. These outputs are valuable inputs into the utilitys Smart Grid planning and implementation process. self-assessment Utilities may also complete the SGMM Compass independently. They will receive a scoring report with maturity level scores for each domain in the model, as well as aggregate data from the other utilities that have completed the survey for use in comparative analysis. Utilities choosing the self-assessment option will also have access to individualized coaching to help interpret the results. As noted earlier, the SGMM Navigation process yields a maturity profile of the utilitys current state and a projection of a desired future state, as well as a structured compilation of motivations, actions, and obstacles involved in realizing the mutual aspirations. Table 1 summarizes motivations, actions, and obstacles documented by 20 utilities that participated in SGMM Navigations in 2010. Sharing these issues between utilities and their manufacturer partners can help make collaboration more effective.
Assessing and Applying SGMM

Applying the model begins with an assessment of a utility using the SGMM Compass, a survey instrument containing questions corresponding to each of the characteristics in the model, as well as demographic and performance information. An SGMM assessment yields a maturity rating for each of the models eight domains. The levels of maturity represent defined stages of a utilitys progress toward achieving its Smart Grid vision in terms of automation, efficiency, reliability, integration of alternative energy sources, improved customer interaction, energy and cost savings, and access to new business opportunities Other and markets.
14%
By assessing its current maturity in each domain and taking steps to increase its levels as appropriate, an organization will move closer to obtaining the desired benefits of implementing Smart Grid features. Maturity levels must be viewed in the context of an organizations unique business goals and regulatory environmentachieving a high level in every domain is not necessarily a suitable goal for every utility.
Asia/Pacific 13% EMEA 13%
Utilities have two options for conducting an SGMM assessment and using Carnegie Mellon University SGMM the model: working with an SGMM For utilities that have embarked on a Navigator, an industry expert trained and Smart Grid journey, SGMM has proven certified to guide utilities through the SGMM to be a useful tool to help management take a step back from process, or completing a self-assessment. day-to-day activity, foster cross-organization discussion and sgmm navIgatIon SGMM Navigation is a structured approach to applying SGMM through a facilitated workshop process. The utilitys Smart Grid team works with an SGMM Navigator to complete the SGMM
SGMM users range from large investorowned utilities to small municipalities. Some are pioneers in Smart Grid implementation; others are just beginning to think about Smart Grid. The way in which they use the model differs according to their circumstances, but all have reported benefits Figure 1 shows a breakdown of utility type among from using this community resource. the expanding SGMM community. Courtesy of
United States 60%
The Growing SGMM Community
consensus, assess progress, and refine plans for the future. A number of utilities have done multiple SGMM assessments over time, using the model as a standard to measure progress and improve strategy and implementation.
June 2011
Highlights from the Aspiration Workshops Conducted in 2010

SGMM Domains SMR Motivations What motivates your aspirations?
improved business performance, success, and growth improved productivity and protability
Actions What actions must happen?

integrate with existing strategy secure funding prioritize and plan educate stakeholders
Obstacles What obstacles must be overcome?

budget constraints and justication skepticism of value scale, scope, and pace of change
OS
empowered and involved workforce improved decision making addressed aging workforce
create unied vision, strategy, goals, and plans provide training transform policies and processes
resistance to change culture skill gaps
GO
supported distributed generation (DG) cost savings resiliency and reliability
deploy the necessary infrastructure implement plan develop improved analytic capabilities
interoperability and availability of technology risk and complexity security and privacy
WAM
decreased recovery time increased asset utilization and extend asset life
improve geographic information system (GIS) develop standards for new technologies
high-risk environment managing large amounts of data perceived return on investment (ROI)
TECH
systems integration and compatibility security and critical infrastructure protection complex grid operations management
enforce architecture and standards ll application gaps devise IT master plan develop dynamic data distribution model
cybersecurity risks regulatory and statutory issues increased systems complexity technology lifespan
CUST
improved customer satisfaction choice quality of service empowerment market demand for DG enabled supply and demand management fuel diversity reduced emissions meeting public policy objectives being socially responsible sustainability improved image
develop customer enabling technologies and programs understand customer wants/needs educate customers
customer willingness, acceptance, and adoption privacy issues customer attitudes and behaviors
VCI
obtain regulatory approvals create new rate structures promote adoption of enabling technologies develop DG incentives develop clear direction dene and report metrics and measures support technological advancements
tariff structure reduced revenue from reduced use marketplace readiness cross-company pricing
SE
ability to make it cost effective balancing conicting goals among stakeholders
Table 10: Data points gathered during aspirations workshops conducted in 2010 with 20 utilities Figure 1 shows data points gathered during aspirations workshops conducted in 2010 with 20 utilities. Courtesy of Carnegie Mellon University SGMM
10
June 2011

For utilities that are just starting out, SGMM provides a reference set of community experience and can also help establish a Smart Grid roadmap and strategy. Some utilities have also used SGMM outputs to communicate with stakeholders about the benefits and costs of Smart Grid investments. Utilities and government authorities have even applied the SGMM in national and regional roadmapping initiatives. In the summer of 2010, the Mexican national utility, Comisin Federal de Electricidad (CFE), and the Mexican Energy Ministry, Secretara de Energa de Mxico (SENER), became the first organizations to apply the SGMM at the national level as an aid in developing a national Smart Grid roadmap. CFE is one of the worlds largest utilities, serving 33.9 million customers1.
SINGLE FUNCTION PARTIALLY INTEGRATED
2 Functions
2.2% Generation, Distribution 2.2% Generation, Transmission 9% Transmission Distribution
25.8%
Distribution Only
10.1% Distribution, Retail

2.2% Transmission Only
4.5% Generation, Distribution, Retail 4.5% Generation, Transmission, Distribution
27% Generation, Transmission, Distribution, Retail
12.4% Transmission, Distribution, Retail
FULLY INTEGRATED
4 Functions
3 Functions
PARTIALLY INTEGRATED
University SGMM A group of utilities in India has also recently participated in an SGMM Navigation through a project supported by the Department appreciation of the risks and tradeoffs utilities face, including of Energy and U.S. Agency for International Development technology risk; (USAID). Global interest in using SGMM to develop Smart aggregate data on the communitys current state, desired Grid roadmaps and share lessons learned across the community future state, and progress from one to the other; continues to grow.
Figure 2 illustrates the distribution of SGMM users by region. Courtesy of Carnegie Mellon
As of April 2011, more than 100 utilities have used SGMM, representing a cross section of utility types and sizes. As more and more utilities around the world participate and the experience base around the SGMM grows, it becomes an increasingly valuable resource for helping to inform the industrys Smart Grid transformation. manufacturer Involvement In sgmm communIty Equipment manufacturers and technology vendors are key partners in Smart Grid implementation and important stakeholders in the SGMM community. As the utility industry transforms itself, it will require new ways of thinking and communicating about utility-vendor collaboration. SGMM can provide a basis for developing a shared Smart Grid vision and roadmap for measuring progress. Specifically, the model can be useful to manufacturers in providing: an objective, industry standard framework and taxonomy for discussing Smart Grid efforts; insight into utility strategic planning and investment decision making;
performance feedback on Smart Grid implementation; a platform for sharing information, lessons learned, and potential best practices; awareness of the role of certain technologies in utility modernization plans; To learn more about how manufacturers can participate in the growing SGMM community, please visit the Software Engineering Institute website www.sei.cmu.edu/smartgrid/tools.
ei
The Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute (SEI) works closely with defense and government organizations, industry, and academia to address the challenges of grid modernization. Austin Montgomery is Smart Grid Program Lead. David White is Project Manager and a core member of the development team for the SEI Smart Grid Maturity Model.
1 See NEMA Discusses Smart Grid with Mexican Federal Commission of Electricity, page 29.
June 2011
11
Pushing for Progress

he advent of smart appliances represents a significant development in potential residential demand response capability of the Smart Grid. In the near future, Smart Grid technology and systems integrated into appliances and personal devices will allow consumers to automatically control energy use and costs, minimizing customer behavioral changes and maximizing savings on electric bills.
The consumer use of smart appliances will offer significant benefits to national and regional demand reduction programs. The integration of smart appliances offers consumers the opportunity to save money while providing utilities with a mechanism to more efficiently operate the grid. In the U.S., kitchen appliances consume about 300 billion kWh of electricity annually and laundry appliances use another 76 billion kWh, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. If just five percent of all residential energy usage could be shifted to off-peak hours, and if utility companies provide a 40 percent savings for off-peak time-of-use rates, across all households in the U.S. this would amount to a total savings of almost $900 million on residential electric bills. Further, the integration of smart appliances into the Smart Grid will help reduce the need for the additional cost and infrastructure of peaker plants, so called because they generally run only when there is high (peak) demand for electricity. Flex Your Power, Californias energy-efficiency marketing and outreach campaign, estimates the cost of reserving these plants for only a few hundred hours of service per year is more than $1 billion annually. Home area netWorks In order to take advantage of the capabilities of smart appliances, it is important to identify general home architectures to address many of the challenges present in common residential installations. The architecture must provide for communications with utility devices, as well as third-party services and adaptations that will be required as the Smart Grid grows. AHAMs recent assessment of the home appliance industrys evaluation of communications protocols suggests that the best communications architecture at this time features a hub or gateway that can communicate using common protocols and serve as the adapter or bridge to other devices on the HAN (home area network). This type of architecture is consistent
in the Realm of Smart Home Appliances

kevin messner, vice president of government relations, association of Home appliance manufacturers
with the OpenSG (Smart Grid) OpenHAN architectures, and it provides simplicity for the consumer and the flexibility needed for future development needs. It also supports a more robust, comprehensive system approach compatible with consumer electronics devices. The hub also provides a conversion point at which a switch in protocols and physical layers can be executed without causing the smart appliance to become obsolete because of the use of a protocol not implemented in the meter or elsewhere. Furthermore, the hub can provide additional intelligence and adaptability to the entire system as technology advances, while also minimizing the need for device upgrades. It can reside within an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), an energy management system, or other devices; it does not need to be an additional or stand-alone device. The AHAM assessment also identified possible stress scenarios challenges that any protocol must be able to address. One is the multi-story apartment building and the ability of a consumer on the top floor to receive an AMI signal from a meter in the basement. The signal must reach each apartment and may require various technologies and stakeholders to support the signal transmission. The AHAM hub architecture helps to facilitate this situation, as the hub becomes the single point at the residence that must be reached rather than having a signal reach multiple devices. Diagnostics within the hub would help both the utility and the consumer identify communication problems that might arise. Once assurance of the signal to the hub has been achieved, by visual indicator or other means, the consumer is responsible.
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June 2011

OpenHAN 2.0 recommends that HAN devices have communications diagnostics built in to help the consumer ensure communication is occurring. In best-case scenarios, establishing communications will be achieved in a plug-and-play manner. Consumers may, however, need to be involved in the commissioning/registering and enrolling process. prIvacy and securIty Future concerns such as privacy and security are extremely important in the consumer environment. Appliance applications should use appropriate security measures to ensure that consumers have control of their appliances. Measures include encryption to ensure that consumer information is not visible to unauthorized persons. Authorization logic is used to grant privileges to consumers using access controls. Authentication is used to verify that users are who they represent themselves to be. Common prevalent technologies were identified from each of the three major types of HAN communications technology approaches: special purposed wired technologies, no new wires technologies, and wireless technologies. Most technologies of high relevance were already under consideration by the National Institute of Standards and Technology or were considered for their existing market employment or emerging market positioning. A few were considered by request of the appliance manufacturers. To judge different protocols, it was necessary to take an approach that balanced customer expectations with system-level requirements. System-level requirements are based on an adaptation of the open system interconnection (OSI) model, which defines a networking framework for implementing protocols in layers that include what the industry recognizes as PHY/MAC/ NET and APP layers. Generally speaking, control is passed from one layer to the next; PHY is the physical layer and MAC the media access control layer of the OSI model. System-level requirements (for both the PHY/MAC/ NET and APP layers) include the following: proven interoperable, accepted technology in the marketplace, acceptable cost trade-offs, plug-and-play, minimizes enabling infrastructure, existence of technology supply chain, handles interference and noise, easy system operation, easy to maintain, easy to replace, robust messaging capability, affordable to install, and sufficient enabling security mechanisms. For the APP layer, the assessment found that SEP 2.0 and OpenADR scored the highest. Zigbee SEP (Smart Energy Profile) is a leading protocol in terms of delivering device-to-device communications for Smart Grid (www.zigbee.org/Standards/ ZigBeeSmartEnergy/Overview.aspx). Version 1.0 has been adopted by a number of manufacturers and utility companies as the standard of choice for the first generation of Smart Grid applications. (The draft revision of SEP 2.0, dated May 7, 2010, was used in the analysis.) Across the PHY/MAC/NET layers, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, and HomePlug Green PHY scored the highest. (For HomePlug Green PHY, it was assumed that the final certification was approved.)
This article contains excerpts from AHAMs Assessment of Communication Standards for Smart Appliances: The Home Appliance Industrys Technical Evaluation of Communication Protocols (October 2010). The entire document can be accessed at www.aham.org/smartgrid.
The highest scoring protocols derived from this assessment, with the limits of the criteria applied, have advantages for implementation of consumer appliances into the Smart Grid. Appliance manufacturers and other stakeholders can use these results to make decisions about producing appliances that will likely best integrate with the Smart Grid. AHAM is leaning forward and pushing for progress. The appliance industry is developing a test procedure for smart appliances and has, with efficiency advocates and environmental and consumer groups, petitioned ENERGY STAR to recognize the benefits of smart appliances. As they say in manufacturing, at some point it is time to stop designing and start manufacturing. The appliance industry is ready to start manufacturing, but policies and incentives need to be implemented before smart appliances can benefit the grid and the consumer. ei Kevin Messner is responsible for directing and implementing AHAMs legislative, regulatory, political, and grassroots programs. He has a BS in mechanical engineering and an MBA in international finance.
June 2011
13
Standardizing
Field Testing of Metering Installations

paul orr, nema program manager
ver the last decade, utilities have moved toward testing meters and metering installations at the customers site. This is driven by both financial considerations and technical concerns of billing accuracy. With the roll-out of smart meter installations across the country, onsite meter testing will have an even higher profile.
laying the framework for the field testing of metering sites. Here are some topics that may be included in the standard. 1. Meter Testing customer load testing testing using customer voltage and current load box testing using load box supplied voltage and current 2. CT Testing ratio testing using customer load ratio testing using customer load with applied burden burden only testing admittance testing 3. PT Testing low voltage testing 600 V primary voltage high voltage testing > 600 V primary voltage 4. Wiring Analysis documentation of wiring configurations for various CT, PT, and meter form combinations documentation of expected vector diagrams for each configuration Bill Hardy, PhD, Technology for Energy Corporation, Powermetrix Division, is chairing the subcommittee that is developing the requirements. For more information, contact Paul Orr at pau_orr@nema.org.
ei
tHe testIng scenarIo From the financial prospective, the major cost of testing an installed meter is the cost of rolling a test crew to the site, removing the meter, bringing the meter back to the meter shop for testing, and then reversing the process to reinstall the meter. With todays modern field testing equipment, it is possible to completely test the meter in the field with the same accuracy as in the meter shop. Money is saved and the meter only needs to be removed from its socket if it is determined to be defective. Perhaps more significant to the utilities is the benefit of site testing rather than testing just the meter. Todays meters are the most accurate of all of the components that make up a metering installation. The meter only measures what is presented at its terminals. Issues with current transformers (CTs), potential transformers (PTs), and wiring can significantly affect the accuracy of the overall metering. nema responds to tHe need Because there is no ANSI standard for testing meters in the field, many public service commissions still require in-shop testing. During discussions at the October 2010 ANSI C12 Electricity Metering meetings, NEMA 8EI-1 Electrical Metering members and those of ANSI C12 Electricity Metering Committee decided to initiate a project to develop a comprehensive standard for field testing. They met in Louisville, Kentucky, in April 2011 to begin
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June 2011
in the Smart Grid
Cybersecurity
steve molitor, nema program manager
s we add intelligence, communications, and computing power to the electrical grid, we are creating openings for cybersecurity problems.
means of authentication, which can be used alone or in combination: something the individual knows (a secret, e.g., a password) something the individual possesses (a token, e.g., an ATM card) something the individual is (a biometric, e.g., fingerprint) One of the easiest cryptographic mechanisms to employ is PKI (public key infrastructure), a means of identifying a trusted source by binding a public key with an individuals identity through a certificate authority registration and issuance process. It enables encrypting communication by issuing messages encoded with the senders private key, which can only be decrypted by the senders public key. PKI could ensure that communication within the Smart Grid comes from a trusted source, thus hindering cyber attacks. Another Internet security concept is that of defense in depth, the use of layers. This can be accomplished by combinations of authentication methods as noted above, or by forcing procedures that check authentication, and check again at another time in the communication. Re-authentication may be triggered by the expiration of a preset timer, for example after 15 minutes. It can also be a significant event, such as the end of a pre-established connection (a transmission complete message), or the end of a preestablished amount of data transfer. The NEMA Smart Grid Council is reworking the manufacturers position statement on cybersecurity, originally published in January 2010. We expect to distribute that document to federal agencies and members of Congress this summer. To view the position statement, go to www.nema.org/smartgrid.
1 www.mcafee.com/us/resources/reports/rp-critical-infrastructure-protection.pdf, p. 6. 2 www.darkreading.com/vulnerability-management/167901026/security/attacks-breaches/229401885/ cyberattacks-on-critical-infrastructure-are-increasing-study-says.html 3 www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2196.txt 4 NIST Special Publication 800-12, An Introduction to Computer Security: The NIST Handbook, Part IV, chapter 16. ei
According to a 2010 report on critical infrastructure cybersecurity by McAfee, ... 80 percent [of survey respondents] had faced a large-scale denial-of-service attack, and 85 percent had experienced network infiltrations.1 Referring to the same report, Dark Reading, a news portal that focuses on IT security, noted: The survey found that 40 percent of executives believed that their industrys vulnerability had increased, according to the researchers. Nearly 30 percent believed their company was not prepared for a cyberattack, and more than 40 percent expect a major cyberattack within the next year.2 This emerging threat will only grow as the sophistication of computer intelligence applied to the national electrical grid increases. While computers and communication between infrastructure elements are essential to the creation and maintenance of a Smart Grid, they also represent a rich target for hackers who are merely curious to those with malicious intent. Cybersecurity issues have long been the concern of Internet and computer information technology providers, and there are lessons we can learn from their efforts at stopping cyber attacks. preparatIon Preparation is one key aspect of cybersecurity. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) RFC 2196 publication Site Security Handbook3 mandates that the first aspect of securing cyber assets is a comprehensive security policy. The handbook outlines characteristics and components that can be adapted to the Smart Grid environment. Smart Grid functionality and reliability is closely tied to the communication between devices and nodes in the grid, and between humans and devices. Communications should therefore be based on the concept of mutual distrustno communication occurs until both sides can adequately identify each other. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) calls this identification and authentication (I&A).4 There are three
June 2011
15
Interoperability, Interoperability, Interoperability

Three PersPecTives on a Key FeaTure oF smarT Grid
paul a. molitor, nema assistant vice president of strategic Initiatives and special projects
ts all a matter of perspective
Interoperability is the holy grail of the Smart Grid and represents a goal that we are all expending a great amount of effort to achieve. When NEMA staff and its members think about interoperability, we are focused on manufacturing the various devices of the grid and how they interact with each other. This is a very traditional view of interoperability, but it is only part of the story. In a recent meeting of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Smart Grid Federal Advisory Committee, Lynne Ellen, senior vice president and chief information officer for DTE Energy, characterized interoperability as a feature at the edges of the grid. smart grId on tHe edges A utility is said to own the geography where it provides electric services. The edges are then the points where multiple utility companies areas of control meet. Edges are also the points where electric service is delivered to a home or commercial building. Ms. Ellen described how those edges can be both internal and external. They go beyond physical areas where a utility provides its service. Our understanding of interoperability needs to expand in order to accommodate the ways that legislators and regulators apply the term.
devIce to devIce Its tempting to understate the device-to-device understanding of interoperability as the level we most commonly associate with the term. While there is little need to discuss this common application, it is the foundation on which other forms of interoperability are built. But first, a little background information. What most people dont realize is that electricity may pass between several companies before it is delivered to the meter and ultimately the outlet or light switch in the home. It starts with a generation source by a company that runs the power plant (coal, gas, nuclear, hydroelectric, etc.) where the electricity is created. From there, it may be sold to a regional transmission operator (RTO) that runs the big, high-voltage towers carrying the power over long distances to the population centers, where it is sold to the local utility company whose name appears on the consumers monthly bill.1 Along the way, a number of federal and state government agencies concerned with the price, quality, and safety of the power system will all have a say in the delivery of electric service. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is an independent agency that regulates the interstate transmission of electricity, natural gas, and oil
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June 2011

(www.ferc.gov/about/ferc-does.asp). As a regulatory body, FERC is a major player in the Smart Grid game. Expanding on the use of the phrase interstate transmission of electricity above, FERC deals with the bulk power market (the generation companies running the power plants) and the issues associated with moving electricity between utilities as it approaches the point of use. utIlIty to utIlIty To make Lynne Ellens point, when FERC speaks of interoperability, it is referring to the passing of electrons (with the attendant management data) between utilities. FERC doesnt express much concern about what individual devices are doing, although it realizes that the device-to-device level interactions enable the concept of interoperability. Most importantly, FERC wants to know what is needed to reliably move high quality power from the power plant through the interstate transmission system in a safe and reliable manner. At the distribution level, electric power is delivered to individual homes and businesses. There is a similar challenge at that edge to define interoperability. Where bulk and transmission markets fall under FERCs jurisdiction, distribution companies, including local utilities, electric cooperatives, etc., fall under a states authority and are regulated by a public utilities commission or public service commission (PUC or PSC). utIlIty to consumer While the PSC has some utility-to-utility concerns, its primary definition of interoperability involves the utility-to-consumer connection. This, too, is about electrons and the attendant management data, but interoperability concerns generate a different set of questions. Is power passed seamlessly from the utility to the customer? Is enough information provided on the bill so the consumer understands whats going on? And in the case where consumers are providing power back to the grid because of a wind turbine or rooftop solar panel, are they being credited properly for that sale? Is the power coming from the home properly conditioned so as to not throw the local electrical system out of balance? It may not be important that we have a common definition of interoperability, but it is important that we are aware of the other views associated with the term. Its understood that the Smart Grid is expected to make a greater number of devices based on differing standards work together. With that in mind, we need to be aware of the regulators differing views of interoperability. ei Paul Molitor is also plenary secretary of the NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Panel. He can be reached at paul.molitor@nema.org.
1 A fully integrated utility is one that performs all of the functions from generation, through transmission, to distribution and delivery.
DOE Creates Repository for Information about Smart Grid Projects

In September 2010, without fanfare, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) launched the Smart Grid Information Clearinghouse (SGIC) (www.sgiclearinghouse.org) as an online resource to share information about Smart Grid projects around the globe. Since the beginning of the program in 2009, NEMA staff members have provided their expertise on both the project advisory committee and the user group responsible for the interface and design of the site. According to the DOE website, the project is managed by the Virginia Tech Advanced Research Institute in Virginia, with assistance from the IEEE Power & Energy Society and EnerNex Corporation. Its objective is to design, populate, manage, and maintain a public SGIC portal that includes demonstration projects, use cases, standards, legislation, policy and regulation, lessons learned and best practices, and advanced topics dealing with research and development. Links on the homepage include a portal for consumers; training via Smart Grid 101; a project map for U.S. Smart Grid deployments, plus listings of those taking place in Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania; and a technologies page that provides a more detailed look at some of the component-level features of Smart Grid. A recent addition to the page are the NEMA-produced Vids for Grids series of videos, which highlight technical aspects of the grid as produced by NEMA member companies. Paul Molitor, NEMA Assistant Vice President of Strategic Initiatives and Special Projects | paul.molitor@nema.org
June 2011
17
NIST and IEC View Roadmaps to
Smart Grid
scott choinski, nema program manager
he National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) both recognize that there is an urgent need to establish protocols and standards for the Smart Grid.
Without standards, there is the potential for technologies developed or implemented with sizable public and private investments to become prematurely obsolete. They could also be implemented without the measures necessary to ensure security. To guide these efforts, NIST and IEC have each issued a Smart Grid standardization roadmap. These roadmaps provide an inventory of existing standards that are applicable to the ongoing development of Smart Grid, and identify high priority gaps and harmonization issues for which new or revised standards and requirements are needed. The NIST and IEC Smart Grid roadmaps both identify core areas as priorities for standardization and can be directly mapped to each other in five common application areas: advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) demand response distribution management systems / distribution grid management electromobility / electric transportation electric storage The NIST Smart Grid standards process has identified approximately 75 key standards needed for efficient rollout of the U.S. Smart Grid. Approximately 17 of these are IEC standards. Close cooperation is needed between NIST, U.S. industry, and IEC to resolve gaps in international standards.
IEC recognizes this need for close cooperation with NIST. One of the recommendations in its roadmap is its Recommendation G-5: The IEC should acknowledge the work already done by NIST and the participants of the NIST roadmap effort. The IEC should actively offer support in the identified prioritized action fields where the IEC is involved and offer consultation in some areas, whereas NIST focuses on local or regional standards (e.g. AMI, DER) The IEC should seek a close cooperation with the NIST roadmap activities. NIST developed 16 Priority Action Plans (PAPs), and the outputs from some of these PAPs include recommendations to update key IEC standards. Tight coordination is needed with the IEC to ensure that changes to IEC standards are made in a timely manner. There are multiple paths for adding/harmonizing U.S. requirements with IEC Smart Grid standards, but an optimal process has not been identified. Further discussions would be helpful. Another area for cooperation could be to offer standards from the Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) Catalog to fill gaps that the IEC has identified in its roadmap. The IEC has identified gaps for AMI in clause 4.3.7.5 of its roadmap. NIST has identified a number of standards for AMI, and some of these standards may fill the IEC gaps. One example may be NEMA SG-AMI 1-2009 Requirements for Smart Meter Upgradeability. This standard could be submitted for consideration as an IEC standard. ei
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June 2011
Electroindustry News
Vids for Grids Behind the Scenes
A123Energy Storage
South wire
C on d
uctor
LevitonLighting Management Systems
n at i o tom ation Au tom well u Rock strial A du In
ItronAdvanced Metering Infrastructure
Beacon PowerFlywheels
Eaton
tection urge Pro
Devices
Nexa n
sD yn
amic
Line R
Hubbell Power Systems Insulators and Distribution Arresters
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Vids for Grids: New Media for the New Energy Workforce (V4G) wrapped up its onsite shoots in May, thanks to the support of participating companies and the technical expertise of Metro Productions. In collaboration with member manufacturers, the series features Smart Grid equipment, explains electrical engineering concepts, and portrays careers in power engineering. The curriculum was developed in conjunction with George Mason University. V4G is a workforce training program funded by the Department of Energy. ei Visit www.youtube.com/Vids4Grids
Thomas & BettsConnectors
r C o o pe
C a pa c
itors
June 2011
19
Marketing Inefficiencies Waste Money
Robert Gaylord, President and CEO, IDEA Manufacturers, are you content to waste money and irritate customers? Of course not, that doesnt make sense. Yet, as I listen to your distributor customers, thats what Im hearing. Distributors say they are not getting the marketing data they need to sell your products and compete effectively. Manufacturers tell me they are providing all the marketing data asked for. This communications disconnect about product data is resulting in waste for both distributors and manufacturers. Your distributor customers are acquiring and merging your product marketing data from multiple sources to keep pace with market pressures and end-user demands. Distributors use this meshed data to describe your products. Concurrently, manufacturersmany with richly populated websitesprovide data to multiple distributors and other demand users in a series of one-off requests. This is not the efficiency intended when the leadership of the most influential companies in NEMA and NAED (National Association of Electrical Distributors) created IDEA. customers. Manufacturers would control how their products would be positioned in the marketplace. Distributors would pull all their vendors product information from a single source. A simple concept, and yet more than 13 years later, we still struggle with a data gap. The stakes have never been higher, nor the friction in trading partner relationships greater. As web commerce continues to gain traction in the electrical channel, distributors feel at a disadvantage with such competitors as Amazon.com, Toolup.com, and Drillspot.com creeping into the channel. How will you respond? IDEA is your company and partner. Visit us at www. idea-esolutions.com. We know the data. Contact me personally (703-562-4634, rgaylord@idea-esolutions.com) to review how your data stacks up with that of your competitors. ei
IDEA was created to drive costs out of the electrical distribution channel. The initial solution was simple: a single data platform for manufacturers to publish their transactional, pricing, and marketing data for all their distributor
Illuminations Weekend to Feature Syndicated Columnist George Will

Widely read political columnist George F. Will is headlining NEMAs 85th annual conference, Illuminations Weekend: Where Leaders and Ideas Meet, with a keynote speech on Saturday, October 29, 2011, at the Mayflower Renaissance Hotel in Washington, D.C. The Political Argument Today will be followed by a question and answer session. Mr. Wills newspaper column has been syndicated by The Washington Post since 1974. It also appears twice weekly in approximately 400 newspapers in the U.S. and Europe. Since 1976, he has been a regular contributing editor of Newsweek. In 1977, he won a Pulitzer Prize for his commentaries. Eight collections of Mr. Wills Newsweek and Washington Post columns have been published, the most recent of which is One Mans America. Other books include Men at Work: The Craft of Baseball and Bunts: Curt Flood, Camden Yards, Pete Rose and Other Reflections on Baseball. In 1981, he became a founding panel member on ABC televisions This Week. Illuminations Weekend is expected to draw more than 200 top executives from Americas leading electrical manufacturers. To register for Illuminations Weekend, visit www.nema.org/illuminations. ei Francine Meyer, Meeting Manager | fran_meyer@nema.org
NEMA to Host Electrical Distributors Day

An elite group of leaders of the electrical distribution industry received special, by name, non-transferable invitations to join the NEMA Board of Governors at its July meeting to discuss shared industry interests.
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June 2011
Home Safety Basics: The Basement and Utility Room
Planning to tackle some home improvement or maintenance projects this season? Why not start in one of the most frequently ignored areas of the home? While very few people look forward to spending their precious free time in the basement or utility room, investing a few minutes to take stock of whats going on in there can pay big dividends. It is, after all, where some of your homes most importantand expensiveequipment is located. The Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI) encourages you to learn more about your homes vital systems in order to keep them properly maintainedand safe. You dont need to be an expert. Even a basic level of knowledge and an awareness of potential safety hazards will help make your home safer, and could even save you money on your utility bills. On the ESFI Virtual Home site, you will find some simple tips to help you get started; however, you should never attempt to tackle any project that is beyond your skill or comfort level. In fact, ESFI strongly recommends that all electrical work in and around the home be performed by licensed, qualified electricians. fIre and carbon monoxIde alarms Install smoke alarms and carbon monoxide (CO) alarms on every level
of your home, including the basement. Interconnected alarms offer the best protection because they all sound if one sounds. Test all smoke and CO alarms monthly to ensure they are working properly, and remember to change your smoke and CO alarm batteries at least once a year. electrIcal system Check the label inside your electrical service panel to see when your electrical system was last inspected. ESFI recommends having a comprehensive home electrical system inspection if: your home is 40 years old or older you purchase a previously owned home your home has undergone a major renovation or addition you have added major new appliances in the last 10 years Be sure circuit breakers or fuses are correctly labeled with their amperage and the name of the room, circuit, or outlets they service. Consider having a qualified, licensed electrician replace your standard circuit breakers with arcfault circuit interrupter (AFCI) breakers
to increase your electrical fire protection. Test AFCIs monthly to ensure they are working properly. major equIpment/applIances Have your furnace and/or air conditioning system professionally cleaned and inspected annually. Remember to check and replace your furnace filters according to the manufacturers instructions. Clean the dryer lint filter after each load. Keep the area around the dryer free of clutter. Check periodically for excessive vibration or movement when the washer or dryer is operating. This can put stress on the electrical connections. Have gaspowered dryers inspected annually, too. Visit ESFIs Virtual Home at http:// virtualhome.esfi.org to learn more about home electrical safety. ei Kate Janczyk, Program Manager, ESFI | kate.janczyk@esfi.org
June 2011
21
National Cancer Survivors Day Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy Offer Hope in Identifying and Treating Disease
National Cancer Survivors Day, June 5, honors the lives of cancer survivors and the battles they have overcome. For the nearly 12 million cancer survivors living in the U.S. (20 million survivors estimated by 2020), the combined field of medical imaging and radiotherapy is more than a critical element in identifying, monitoring, and treating their diseases. It offers hope. Vanessa Ghigliotty is a cancer survivor who is well acquainted with hope. At age 27, she received her initial diagnosis of Stage IV colon cancer. She had no family history of the disease, and after experiencing initial symptoms had a nearly impossible time convincing her doctors and health insurance company that something was wrong. Medical imaging was critical in guiding her treatment for the cancer, which had metastasized. She underwent several chemotherapy treatments and seven surgeries, including open heart surgery to remove a large clot caused by the portacath used to deliver chemotherapy. Everyone should have access to medical imaging at the onset of symptoms so that diseases are caught early, when they are more treatable, Ms. Ghigliotty said. While she experienced several complications during her battle with cancer, medical imaging always provided the certainty that ended the guesswork and got her treatment back on track. Thanks to innovative technologies and the help of her family, she can say today that she is a survivor. Having so many complications during and after treatment has made me realize that cancer is not just about a fight to stay alive, its about learning how to live during and after your fight, she said.
Following her open heart surgery, Ms. Ghigliotty realized that she had a deep need to give back to fellow cancer survivors. I try to take all the lessons I have learned and make myself available for other cancer patients and their caregivers, she said. The main way I do this is through Colon Cancer Alliance (CCA). This wonderful national patient advocacy organization has let me volunteer and become involved with so many people. MITA is proud to have partnered regularly with CCA on patient access issues related to virtual colonoscopy, as well as overarching issues such as screening guidelines and disease awareness. As the voice of survivors, CCA works as an advocate for colorectal cancer patients and their families. CCA offers information and support from the first-hand experience of survivors and others whose lives have been touched by the disease. Ms. Ghigliotty is an active volunteer with CCA, serving as a buddy and chair for CCA Voices of New York City.
She provides support, encouragement, and mentorship to patients in their fight against colorectal cancer. She is also a member of the Citywide Colon Cancer Control Coalition, an initiative of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. She speaks at events as a cancer survivor and is an active advocate working to ensure that other cancer patients have access to treatment and diagnostic tools like medical imaging. Whether it is through fundraising or prevention and awareness events, supporting local and national causes, or advocating on behalf of cancer patients, Ms. Ghigliotty is giving back every day. National Cancer Survivors Day is a great time to recognize advocates, like her, who have benefited from lifesaving medical imaging, and who are paying it forward by sharing their stories of hope with others. ei Dave Fisher, Executive Director of MITA and Vice President of NEMA | dfisher@medicalimaging.org
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June 2011
Code Actions/Standardization Trends

How and Where Does LVDC Fit into the Sustainability Puzzle?
To that end, Dennis Symanski, Senior Project Manager at Electric Power Research Institute, explained how LVDC fits into Smart Grid and the overall electrical system, and highlighted key applications. These include data center power, supply power for major residential appliances, rapid charging for electric vehicles, efficient lighting, and powering consumer electronics without the ubiquitous black brick. Challenges for this LVDC Smart Grid initiative will include standardizing a set of dc voltages, establishing a set of appropriate standards to facilitate interoperability, changing the way building power is installed, and expanding the vendor sources for the devices that will be the building blocks for LVDC systems. energy storage Maintaining a level supply of power from renewable distributed energy sources when there is no sun or wind will have to come from storage systems that charge up when excess power is generated and slowly release it when utility-supplied power is too expensive or insufficient. Kevin Lynn, Acting Lead for Systems Integration of Solar Energy Technologies at the Department of Energy, spoke about the integration of photovoltaic systems into this new energy system. Walter Culver, PhD, Board Chairman of the Great Lakes Energy Institute at Case Western Reserve University, examined a cost benefit analysis of the energy storage component that will be critical to the success of LVDC. Emeka Okafor spotlighted his companyAmerican Electric Power as an example of researching new storage technologies and testing them in practical applications, while Christopher Kuhl spoke about the related topic of intelligent distributed energy storage, using ZBB Energy Corporations activities to clarify the concept.
Jack Wells, Pass & Seymour/Legrand Vice President of Corporate Development
What do photovoltaic systems, LEDs, computer power supplies, and digital data centers have in common? All use or generate low voltage direct current (dc). Applications and sources of this alternative technology are expanding. This is a change from the alternating current (ac) that has been powering the digital age. But whats driving this new energy? Does its use fit with the goals of sustainable energy? Where will this resurrected method be in five years? Ten? Right now, dc powers everything from small digital personal devices to electric vehicles and buildings that house rows of computer servers. Why is the power that Edison built coming back after decades of dominance by Westinghouses ac? NEMA, Underwriters Laboratories (UL), and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) sponsored a daylong workshop in April just outside of Washington, D.C., to examine sources, distribution, and applications of low voltage direct current (LVDC). More than 140 attendees heard from industry, government, and utility representatives, whose views and prognostications covered the latest developments in achieving higher
efficiency and improved reliability for dc systems. Speakers from the nations stakeholders focused on where this growing industry is getting its power, what is driving the resurgent interest, and where it may be headed. In opening remarks, Jack Wells, Pass & Seymour/Legrand Vice President of Corporate Development, said that it appears that the great Westinghouse/ Edison battle over ac versus dc is coming full circle. Edisons preference for dc lost and ac became our primary distribution and utilization current, largely because of dcs inability to be efficiently distributed over long distances. Today, as we search for new methods to achieve sustainability and convert to renewable energy sources, technologies are developing to generate and store electricity locally. These include solar photovoltaic systems, fuel cells, storage technology, and electric vehicles. Mr. Wells paraphrased Donald Rumsfeld. There are things we dont know we dont know, Mr. Wells said. Our challenge today is to try to identify some of the unknown unknowns.
June 2011
23

David Geary, Vice President of Engineering for Direct Power Technologies, drew on his experience with developing alternative energy solutions to describe the use and rationale for 380 V dc applied to data centers and other high technology facilities. Reducing the current requirement for powering electronics by increasing voltage achieves an improved efficiency by lowering heat generation and the cooling load for buildings. enablIng dc grId applIcatIons Brian Patterson, Chairman of the EMerge Alliance, concentrated on the application of a grid system to provide efficient power to space lighting and other applications. By enabling the direct connection of low voltage dc lights to a novel ceiling-based electrical infrastructure, efficiencies are realized through the elimination of multiple power conversion devices, each of which experiences energy loss in the process of that conversion. Mr. Patterson also highlighted the concepts of net-zero energy buildings, hybrid dc microgrids in buildings, and the premise for the Enernet, what he calls the Internet of powered things. Alan Manche, Director of Industry Standards for Schneider Electric, addressed many of the issues involved in enabling LVDC to be transported from generation sources to the growing number of applications. These applications will include electric shock protection devices, overvoltage protection, and protection against excessive currents that can cause overheating when faults occur. Dr. Fred C. Lee, Director at the Center for Power Electronics Systems (CPES) at Virginia Tech, introduced the concept of nanogrids, where individual houses can become a system with generation, distribution, and utilization of LVDC. Through this concept, being tested at the CPES, a house, groups of houses, individual buildings, or other units can become essentially independent electrical systems, removing some of the power burden from the national electrical grid. A research scientist with Intel Labs, Guy AlLee, presented information on the move from central computing and central power generation to personal computing and nearly personal power generation. Part of the focus on this movement is to increase the availability of energy from renewable sources and for underserved markets. It could also enable a significant influx of high technology in areas in which the routing of utility power has not taken place. Michael Stelts, Panasonic Director of the U.S. Standardization and Collaboration Center, addressed the migration from ac to dc power for home entertainment products and how LVDC systems will improve economy of use and integrate them into electrical systems in the homes of the future. Tim Mellon, Director of Government Affairs for SAE International, brought the workshop attendees up to date on the developments in the electric vehicle (EV) field. He noted the achievement of a standardized plug and considered how the EV as a source and load will fit into the electrical system. standardIZatIon Wim de Kesel, Group Vice President for Standardization at Legrand, briefed attendees about the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and its activities in the area of LVDC. He noted the high level of interest, including the assignment of a strategic group reporting to the Standardization Management Board of the IEC to coordinate work in addressing the standardization needs for LVDC systems and products. Ken Gettman, Director of International Standards at NEMA, presented the U.S. efforts to lead and participate in the LVDC work occurring in the IEC. NFPA Chief Electrical Engineer Mark Earley spoke about the National Electrical Code (NEC), which provides requirements for electrical installations throughout the U.S. and other countries. He highlighted how aspects of LVDC are already included in the body of the NEC and how efforts are being initiated to address any deficiencies in this area. Ken Boyce, Principal Engineer ManagerEnergy at UL, emphasized the need to develop standards addressing generation, storage, distribution, and use for LVDC to address key issues such as safety, interconnection, and interoperability. International Association of Electrical Inspectors CEO and Executive Director David Clements discussed how to engage the local authorities responsible for ensuring building safety. He encouraged collaboration among manufacturers, building owners, and inspectors to facilitate safe installations by using inspectors knowledge and code understanding. Don Talka, UL Senior Vice President and Chief Engineer, led a panel discussion as a wrap-up and to address questions from the attendees. The workshop was filled with positive attitudes and the promise of continued advancements in the use of LVDC. NEMA will be hosting a web-based discussion forum to enable continued exchange of information and ideas. Contact Ken Gettman for more information. ei Ken Gettman, Director of International Standards | ken_gettman@nema.org
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June 2011
OSHA Ruling Impacts Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory Program

In February, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Office of Technical Programs and Coordination Activities (OTPCA), which maintains the Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) program, issued an NRTL update to participating certification bodies. There were three items of significance, each having a negative impact on the electroindustry. fee Increases The first concerns a sweeping increase in fees assessed to NRTLs for using the services of OTPCA. It used to cost $5,100 for OSHA to conduct a desktop review of an initial application from a testing laboratory seeking recognition as an NRTL. The fee is now $17,750, a 250 percent increase. In general, the fee increases are staggering, with no additional service or value provided to NRTLs or to their customers. High fees discourage new testing laboratories from participating in the NRTL program, thereby limiting competition for conformity assessment dollars. It should be noted that only one NRTL commented on the rulemaking proposing the fee increases. The electroindustry should not be surprised when NRTLs pass along the entire increase, as there is little to no incentive for them to hold down conformity assessment cost. cb-fcs In perIl The IEC System for Conformity Testing and Certification of Electrical and Electronic Components, Equipment, and Products is known as the IECEE CB Scheme. The OSHA ruling involves the IEC CB Full Certification Scheme (CBFCS), and whether OTPCA will allow NRTLs to use the scheme for the purpose of testing and certification under the NRTL program. The value of CB-FCS is in the mutual recognition of manufacturers quality systems, surveillance, and follow-up service by the members of the IECEE CB Scheme. OTPCA responded to a request regarding the use of CB-FCS by saying that it would not accept it. NRTLs are therefore precluded from using any part of CB-FCS to satisfy NRTL testing and certification requirements. The rational provided by OTPCA for rejecting CB-FCS is that each inspector or inspection agent must be under NRTLs direct control. Such a position would preclude the sharing of results between similar certification bodies regarding electrical products intended for the U.S. market. convergence of national conformity assessment systems. medIcal equIpment standard The third issue involves the third edition of ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1 Medical electrical equipmentPart 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance. This standard covers electrically powered medical devices and is commonly referred to as the bible of medical electrical equipment. OTPCA stated that it has reviewed the standard but is unwilling to approve its use under the NRTL program. Its main concern is the standards risk management file concept. OTPCA plans to develop and propose criteria that NRTLs must meet in order to rely upon or make use of this risk management file. While no timetable was given, it is likely to take ten or more years for OTPCA to recognize the standard. In the meantime, the industry will need to continue using it in order to compete in the global marketplace. Once again, industry is being prevented from using a global standard for national use because OTPCA decided not participate in the standards development at IEC or in the process to adopt the standard as an American National Standard. NEMAs Codes and Standards Committee recently created a task force lead by Steve Blais of EGS Electrical Group to discuss this and other issues pertaining to the NRTL program. The task force is expected to prepare and present a plan to the Codes and Standards Committee on how to move forward in strengthening and maintaining the relevance of the NRTL program. ei Joel Solis, NEMA Conformity Assessment Manager | joel_solis@nema.org
[In the] NRTL update ... were three items of significance, each having a negative impact.
OTPCAs insular approach fails, however, to consider changes in the marketplace. Manufacturing has become global in nature, encouraged by a number of free trade agreements, of which the U.S. is a signatory. The evidence of the international nature of the marketplace could not be any clearer than the disruption to nationally produced automobiles as a result of supply chain shortages caused by recent disasters in Japan. NRTLs have responded to those marketplace changes and now operate very much as multinational corporations with a presence in the major markets. How testing laboratories operate, nationally and internationally, has also been converging. Recent collaboration in accreditation between the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC), the International Accreditation Forum (IAF), and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) will further encourage and solidify the
June 2011
25

Technical Representatives Build Clout in Codes and Standards
We all know the importance of codes and standards to the electrical industry. Standards define the minimum level of performance of a product that the market can expect, and they specify the interfaces of a product or minimum safety requirements to promote interoperability within a system. Installation codes specify the minimum installation requirements to ensure safe operation. While NEMA does develop some installation guides as well as standards, many of the codes and standards that affect NEMA members products in the domestic market are under the purview of other organizations, such as National Fire Protection Association, International Code Council, and Underwriters Laboratories. How does NEMA influence the development and maintenance of these documents if they are not within its direct control? Through NEMAs representatives to technical committees of outside organizations. NEMA has more than 140 technical representatives on technical committees of domestic, outside organizations. Operating with the support of their companies, these individuals volunteer their time to ensure that NEMAs concerns are voiced during deliberations on codes and standards. NEMAs positions are developed with input from the sections and are authorized by the Codes and Standards Committee. Through this process, the influence of a single individual is leveraged and exerts a much greater force on codes and standards development than if that individual represented a single NEMA member company. How is this whole process coordinated? It begins with the identification of vacancies and the solicitation of nominees from members by NEMA staff. Nominations are endorsed by at least one NEMA section and the Codes and Standards Committee, and are then submitted to the respective outside organization for approval. The responsibilities of representatives are specified in NEMAs Standardization Policies and Procedures. Recently, the Codes and Standards Committee approved a guidance document that summarized the representatives responsibilities before, during, and after a meeting of the technical committees on which he/she represents NEMA. Voting requirements and a sample report are also provided. A database has been developed to identify meeting dates, ballots issued, and the representatives attendance and submittal of votes. Oversight of the whole process is provided by the Codes and Standards Committees Subcommittee on NEMA Representatives under the leadership of George Straniero, Atkore AFC Cable Systems. NEMA learned many years ago that it could leverage an individual members influence in the development of codes and standards through the use of association representatives. Though not often told, the story has not been lost on the current generation of NEMA members. Involving technical representatives in the development of codes and standards will continue into the future. ei Vince Baclawski, Senior Technical Director, Codes and Standards | vin_baclawski@nema.org
Maine Considers Replacing 2008 NEC with 2011 Edition

The Maine Office of Licensing and Registration, Electricians Examining Board recently announced that it will hold a public hearing on proposed changes to its Department of Professional and Financial Regulation, Chapter 120, Electric Installation Standards. The proposed amendments to Chapter 120 will replace the reference to the 2008 National Electrical Code (NEC) with a reference to the 2011 NEC. Chapter 120 currently includes 18 amendments to the 2008 NEC. The board is proposing the deletion of 12 of these amendments. Among the amendments the board is proposing to retain are modifications to 210.5 and 215.12, regarding the identification of branch circuits and feeders, where the premises wiring system is supplied from more than one nominal voltage system. NEC permits the method utilized for the identification of the conductors to be documented in a manner that is readily available or permanently posted at each branch circuit or feeder panelboard. The amendments delete the readily available documentation option and require the identification to be permanently posted. The board is also proposing to retain the amendment to 334.10. This amendment allows Type NM cable to be used in structures permitted to be of Types III, IV, and V construction without concealment within walls, floors, or ceilings that provide a thermal barrier of material that has at least a 15-minute finish rating as identified in listings of fire-rated assemblies.
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June 2011
Another amendment regarding Type NM cable that the board is proposing to retain is the deletion of 334.12(A)(2). This amendment will permit Type NM cable to be exposed in dropped or suspended ceilings in other than one- and twofamily and multifamily dwellings. Amendments to 338.12(B)(1) and (2) are also proposed to be retained. Section 338.12(B)(1) of the NEC prohibits the use of Type USE cable for interior wiring. The amendment allows the cable to be used for other than branch circuits and feeders originating and terminating within the same building. Section 338.12(B)(2) of NEC prohibits the cable in aboveground installations except where Type USE cable emerges from the ground and is terminated in an enclosure
at an outdoor location and the cable is protected in accordance with 300.5(D). The amendment will permit the cable to terminate in an enclosure at a location (either inside or outside) acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The existing amendment to 702.4(B)(2) is also proposed to be retained and requires automatic transfer equipment used in other than single-family dwellings to comply with 702.4(B)(2)(a) or (2)(b). NEC requires all automatic transfer equipment used in optional standby systems to comply with 702.4(B) (2)(a) or (2)(b). ei Gil Moniz, Field Representative | gil_moniz@nema.org
NFPA and UL Workshops

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) have joined to provide new workshops for electrical inspectors, installers, and engineers. Seminars will cover topics related to NFPA 70 National Electrical Code, NFPA 79 Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery, and UL 508A Standard for Industrial Control Panels and Short Circuit Current Ratings. Continuing education units will be offered for all seminars. Learn more at www.nfpa.org.
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Magnet Wire Section Welcomes Technical Associate Membership
At its March 2011 meeting, the NEMA Magnet Wire Section (6MW) decided to offer magnet wire industry stakeholders the opportunity for associate membership on its Technical Committee. While associate members would not have voting rights in 6MW, they would enjoy voting rights on technical committee actions such as draft standards, authorization of letter ballots, and the approval of position letters to outside bodies. The section believes that in light of dwindling manufacturer technical resources, the industry would be better served if stakeholders (e.g., coil winding machinery manufacturers, test equipment specialists, and varnish suppliers) were given the opportunity to attend meetings and provide input on the development and maintenance of the ANSI/NEMA MW 1000 Magnet Wire standard. There have been several cases in the past where important revisions to MW 1000 originated from requests or suggestions from outside stakeholder groups. In the mid-1990s, Defense Supply Center Columbus requested that NEMA add a part-numbering table to MW 1000 in order to facilitate government procurement of magnet wire. Once MW 1000 was amended to include this table, much of the major magnet wire customer base adopted the table as a standard ordering system in only a few years. In the mid-2000s, test equipment suppliers attended technical committee meetings to work closely with NEMA members to establish standard calibration procedures and voltages for dielectric breakdown testers, and standard fault currents for continuity test equipment. And very recently, the committee took into consideration suggestions from equipment suppliers to better define the MW 1000 Solderability Test procedure. This included specifying the length of wire specimen to be immersed in the solder bath, and an improved description of the method by which the wire specimen is removed from the bath so as to not adversely affect the test results. Amendments to MW 1000 in response to this suggestion will be included in the next revision of the standard. The magnet wire industry highly values the input of stakeholder groups in developing technically sound and relevant product requirements and test procedures, said Don Barta of Rea Magnet Wire Company and 6MW Technical Committee Chairman. We welcome their involvement and look forward to their attendance at committee meetings in the future. Those interested in associate membership on the 6MW Technical Committee should contact John Miller, NEMA Industry Manager (703-8413202 or john.miller@nema.org). To order copies of ANSI/NEMA MW 1000-2008 Rev 2-2010, visit www.mw1000.us. ei Mike Leibowitz, Program Manager | mike.leibowitz@nema.org
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June 2011
International Roundup
NEMA Discusses Smart Grid with Mexican Federal Commission of Electricity
Following a meeting with the vice president of planning of the Federal Commission of Electricity (CFE) in Mexico City1, NEMA met again with officials of CFE to discuss the national utilitys plans for investment in Smart Grid. The meeting was scheduled as part of NEMAs Market Development Cooperator Program Development of a Secure, Robust, and Reliable North American Smart Electrical Grid, designed to bring together development teams from the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trading partners to ensure that Smart Grid development proceeds in a structured and compatible manner, primarily as it pertains to interoperability. CFEs Southeast Division is responsible for operations in the eastern part of Mexico, including all states east of Oaxaca, and has recently been designated as the division to pilot all new Smart Grid projects. The division hosted a congress in Mrida consisting of all the utilitys divisions and most of the key equipment manufacturers, many of whom are NEMA members. While each company has a solution to a specific need, CFE is seeking interoperability of all suppliers products to safeguard reliable operation and choice in procurements. Officials from CFEs Peninsula Division told NEMA that the utility has adopted a new distribution model similar to concentric rings to optimize system efficiency. Plans include interconnections with Guatemala, Belize, and the other Central American countries as far as Panama. Officials were interested in learning more about Smart Grid standards that cover all major products, and were particularly interested in a seminar about smart meters that could address the current state of the art from all the major suppliers. NEMA is still waiting for the 2011 version of POISE (Program of Work and Investment of the Electrical Sector) that will detail the capital and maintenance spending projects for the upcoming year. The 2011 version, which is being reviewed by SENER (Mexicos Department of Energy), will be released to the public shortly. NEMA is slated to obtain a copy to share with member companies. Mexicos recent National Strategic Energy Plan envisions that by 2025, 30 percent of electricity generation will be from clean energy, which it defines as renewables, hydropower, and nuclear. Achieving this goal (presently, the clean energy portion is about six percent) will include investment in new generation along with retirement of the least efficient and most polluting fossil fuel plants. The plan also envisions that overall CFE system losses will be no more than eight percent, a requirement that will demand extensive analysis and investment in Smart Grid equipment. This meeting was one of several with CFE in 2011 designed to obtain a clearer picture of current needs and future investments. The plan is to provide member companies with a better understanding and realistic expectations regarding both business opportunities and product performance requirements. At the same time, local offices of the U.S. Commercial Service, which are located throughout Canada and Mexico, are ideally positioned to assist member companies with awareness and understanding of ongoing and future investment in new Smart Grid ready equipment. ei Gustavo Domnguez, NEMA Director for Latin America | guguez@prodigy.net.mx Gene Eckhart, Senior Director for International Operations | gen_eckhart@nema.org
1 NEMA Discusses Smart Grid with Top Official from Mexicos Electricity Commission, electroindustry 16 (April 2011):29
EEMODS 2011 will provide a forum to discuss and debate the latest developments in energy management, system efficiency, standards harmonization, and public policy. Learn more and register at www.eemods.org. September 12-14, 2011 The Westin Alexandria Alexandria, VA 22314 USA
June 2011
29
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Economic Spotlight
Demand for Industrial Control Equipment Continues to Rise
NEMAs Primary Industrial Controls Index increased 5.9 percent on a quarterto-quarter basis during the first three months of 2011. The index has registered sequential gains in six of the last seven quarters and stands 18 percent above its year-ago level and 40 percent above the cyclical trough observed in mid-2009. Nonetheless, inflation- and seasonallyadjusted shipments remain 9 percent below their previous cyclical peak. The Primary Industrial Controls and Adjustable Speed Drives Index, a broader measure of industrial controls demand, posted its seventh consecutive gain during the first quarter of 2011, rising 6.2 percent from its 2010Q4 level. On a year-over-year basis the index climbed at an 18.6 percent rate. The manufacturing sector continued its impressive run during the first quarter of 2011, climbing 9.1 percent on an annualized basisthe largest percentage rate of growth since the recession. However, readings from major business surveys, including the bellwether ISM, suggest a looming deceleration from the torrid pace set at the beginning of the year. Indeed, annualized manufacturing output growth is likely to slip below 5 percent as 2011 progresses. Passenger vehicle output, a strong contributor to the first quarter growth surge, is expected to flag in the middle part of the year because of supply disruptions stemming from the Japanese earthquake and its aftermath. Moreover, while inventory investment will continue run at a higher level than forecast a few months ago, it is likely to become neutral in terms of its impact on output growth for the balance of 2011. Demand for industrial controls, speed drives, and other related types of industrial equipment is expected to remain at a high level for the remainder of this year, although the pace of
growth will likely moderate as broader manufacturing activity growth slows. Rising rates of manufacturing sector capacity utilization, healthier business balance sheets, low financing costs, and accelerated depreciation allowances
enabling businesses to lower the effective cost of purchasing machinery and equipment will all provide support. ei Tim Gill, Director of Economics | tim_gill@nema.org
June 2011
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Economic Spotlight
North American Business Conditions Continued to Advance in May, but Gains Have Slowed
NEMAs Electroindustry Business Confidence Index (EBCI) for current North American conditions topped the 50 point mark for the seventh consecutive month in May, signaling continued improvement in the business environment. Nonetheless, EBCI has slipped over the last few months as the share of panelists reporting improvements has trended downward while the share reporting declines has trended upward. The index measured 52.3 in May, down from 57.1 in April, and from a year-to-date high of 69.6 in February. Twenty-seven percent of panelists reported conditions improved in May, down from 30 percent in April and from 48 percent in February. Meanwhile, 23 percent of panelists reported conditions deteriorated in May, up from 14 percent in April and only 9 percent in February. Half the panelists reported conditions were unchanged in May. The surveys measure of the degree of change in current North American conditions also slipped in May, declining to +0.1 from +0.3 in April and from +0.6 in February. Panelists are asked to report intensity of change on a scale ranging from 5 (deteriorated significantly) through 0 (unchanged) to +5 (improved significantly). The six-month outlook remains optimistic. EBCI for future North American conditions also dipped in May, declining to 81.8 from 85.7. Still, readings above 80 are exceptionally strong, having been recorded in only 23 months in the decade long history of the survey. In May, more than 68 percent of panelists said they expected conditions to improve during the next six months, while less than 5 percent anticipated deterioration during that time period. ei Tim Gill, Director of Economics | tim_gill@nema.org
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June 2011
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Smart Grid: Logging On To

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The Association of Electrical and Medical Imaging Equipment Manufacturers n www.nema.org n June 2011 n Vol. 16 No.

COMMENTS FROM THE C-SUITE

David J. FitzGibbon Chairman

Views from the Top

Views from the Top

In Search of the Killer App

NEMA-Backed EV Infrastructure Bill Introduced in House

NEMA Weighs in on State Product Stewardship Legislation

Congress Considers NEMA-Backed Lithium Battery Transportation Regulations

Promotes Manufacturer-Utility Partnership

Smart Grid Maturity Model

LOggINg ON TO SMART gRID

Assessing and Applying SGMM

Asia/Pacific 13% EMEA 13%

United States 60%

The Growing SGMM Community

Highlights from the Aspiration Workshops Conducted in 2010

Actions What actions must happen?

Obstacles What obstacles must be overcome?

resistance to change culture skill gaps

supported distributed generation (DG) cost savings resiliency and reliability

ability to make it cost effective balancing conicting goals among stakeholders

LOggINg ON TO SMART gRID

2.2% Generation, Distribution 2.2% Generation, Transmission 9% Transmission Distribution

10.1% Distribution, Retail

4.5% Generation, Distribution, Retail 4.5% Generation, Transmission, Distribution

27% Generation, Transmission, Distribution, Retail

12.4% Transmission, Distribution, Retail

Pushing for Progress

in the Realm of Smart Home Appliances

LOggINg ON TO SMART gRID

Field Testing of Metering Installations

LOggINg ON TO SMART gRID

in the Smart Grid

Interoperability, Interoperability, Interoperability

ts all a matter of perspective

LOggINg ON TO SMART gRID

DOE Creates Repository for Information about Smart Grid Projects

NIST and IEC View Roadmaps to

scott choinski, nema program manager

LevitonLighting Management Systems

n at i o tom ation Au tom well u Rock strial A du In

ItronAdvanced Metering Infrastructure

tection urge Pro

Hubbell Power Systems Insulators and Distribution Arresters

Thomas & BettsConnectors

Illuminations Weekend to Feature Syndicated Columnist George Will

NEMA to Host Electrical Distributors Day

Home Safety Basics: The Basement and Utility Room

Code Actions/Standardization Trends

Jack Wells, Pass & Seymour/Legrand Vice President of Corporate Development

Code Actions/Standardization Trends

OSHA Ruling Impacts Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory Program

Code Actions/Standardization Trends

Maine Considers Replacing 2008 NEC with 2011 Edition

NFPA and UL Workshops

Code Actions/Standardization Trends

Think Phihong energy efficient LED drivers

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Available from NEMA/BISThe Electroindustry Economic Outlook

One Testing Program. Less Time. Lower Cost.