S GIO DC V O TO NAM NH

THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12 TRNG THPT A NGHA HNG NM HC 2010-2011 Mn: SINH HC ( TRC NGHIM) Thi gian: 45 pht (Khng k thi gian giao )

Cu 1:a+,b+,c+ v d+ l cc gen trn NST thng phn ly c lp, iu khin chui tng hp sc t hnh thnh ln mu en theo s di y : a+ b+ c+ d+ Khng mu------------>Khng mu-------->Khng mu------->mu nu------------>mu en Cc alen ny b t bin thnh dng mt chc nng tng ng l a,b,c v d. Ngi ta tin hnh lai mt c th mu en c kiu gen a+a+b+b+c+c+d+d+ vi mt c th khng mu c kiu gen aabbccdd v thu c con lai F1. Vy, khi cho cc c th F1 lai vi nhau, th t l c th F2 tng ng vi kiu hnh khng mu v mu nu l bao nhiu ? A.27/64 v 37/256. B. 37/64 v 27/256. C. 37/64 v 27/64. D. 33/64 v 27/64. Cu 2: c chua, gen quy nh qu mu l tri hon ton so vi gen quy nh mu vng. Ngi ta tin hnh lai gia hai dng thun chng c kiu hnh qu vi qu vng, thu c F1. Sau cho cc cy F1 lai vi cy b c kiu hnh qu (php lai A) v vi cy m qu vng (php lai B). T l kiu hnh c mong i thu c t php lai A v B ln lt l: A. Php lai A : 50% qu v 50% qu vng ; Php lai B : 100% qu . B. Php lai A : 100% qu ; Php lai B : 100% qu vng . C. Php lai A : 50% qu v 50% qu vng; Php lai B : 100% qu vng. D. Php lai A : 100% qu ; Php lai B : 50% qu v 50% qu vng . Cu 3: Gi s c 6 loct gen phn li c lp mt loi thc vt, gm c:R/r quy nh cung l en/ ;D/d thn cao/thp ; C/c v trn/v nhn ; O/o l qu trn/oval ; H/h l khng c lng/c lng ; W/w hoa mu tm/mu trng. S loi t hp giao t (THGT) v xc sut nhn c kiu hnh cung l en, thn thp, v nhn, qu oval, l c lng, hoa mu tm (XSKH) th h con cu php lai RrDdccOoHhWw x RrddCcooHhww ln lt l bao nhiu? A. THGT l 128 v XSKH l 3/256. B. THGT l 256 v XSKH l 3/256. C. THGT l 256 v XSKH l 1/256. D. THGT l 128 v XSKH l 1/256. Cu 4: Mt qun th ngu phi trng thi cn bng c s c th d hp gp 8 ln s c th c kiu gen ng hp t ln. Vy, tn s alen bng bao nhiu ? A. 0,02. B. 0,2. C. 0,4. D. D liu khng xc nh tn s alen. Cu 5: Mt qun th sc gm 160 c th trng thnh sng mt vn thc vt c tn s alen Est1 l 0,9. Mt qun th sc khc sng khu rng bn cnh c tn s alen ny 0,5. Do thi tit ma ng khc nghit t nghit, 40 con sc trng thnh t qun th trong khu rng di c sang qun th vt tm thc n v ho nhp vo qun th sc trong vn thc vt. Tn s alen Est1 ca qun th sc trong vn thc vt sau s di c ny c mong i l bao nhiu? A. 0,6 B. 0,72 C. 0,82 D. 0,9 Cu 6: C mt trnh t ARN {5`-AUG GGG UGX XAU UUU-3`} m ho cho mt on Polipeptit gm 5 aa. S thay th nu no dn n vic on polipeptit ny ch cn li 2 aa A. thay th A b ba nu u tin bng X. B. thay th X b ba nu th ba bng A. C. thay th G b ba nu u tin bng A. D. thay th U b ba nu u tin bng A. Cu 7: mt loi sinh sn hu tnh, c mt c th mang kiu gen l Aa/ab, DE/de. Bit rng cc gen A v B lin kt hon ton, cc gen D v E xy ra TC, cc cp gen ny nm trn cc NST khc nhau. Nu cc c th ny

gim phn, nhng NST mang cc gen DE/de khng phn ly ln phn bo 2, th s loi giao t c th ny c th to ra xt 2 lcut gen trn l : A. 4 loi. B. 12 loi. C. 8 loi. D. 24 loi. Cu 8: Trong qu trnh pht sinh hnh thnh giao t, TB sinh trng gim phn hnh thnh nn TB trng.KG ca 1 TB sinh trng l AB/ab XDXd. Nu TB ny gim phn bnh thng v khng c TC th c bao nhiu loi TB trng to ra A. 1 loi. B. 2 loi. C. 4 loi. D. 8 loi. Cu 9: ngi, b NST 2n=46 trong c 22 cp NST thng vy s nhm lin kt trong h gen nhn ngi l bao nhiu: A. 23. B 24 .. C46.. D. 47. Cu 10: Mo man-x c KH ct ui. KH ny do 1 alen ln gy cht trng thi ng hp t quy nh. Gi s c 1 qun th mo trn mi c hnh thnh trn mt hn o vi tn s alen trong qun th xut pht (th h 0) l 0,1. Tn s alen ny qua 10 th h l bao nhiu ? . A. 0.00. B. 0,05. C. 0,75. D. 0,1. Cu 11: Gen c chiu di 5100 . Gen b t bin, khi TH chui Polipeptit c s aa kem gen bnh thng 1 aa. SL aa ca gen t bin l : A. 497. B. 499. C. 495. D. 500. Cu 12: Cu trc DT 0,25AA+0,5Aa+0,25aa=1 t th 5 th h th cu trc DT l: A. 0,484375AA+0,03245Aa+0,484375aa=1. B. 0,484375AA+0,03125Aa+0,484375aa=1. C. 0,48437AA+0,03145Aa+0,48437aa=1. D. 0,484375AA+0,03225Aa Aa+0,484375=1. Cu 13: Mt qun th TV, gen A c 3 alen v gen B c 4 alen phn ly c lp th qu trnh ngu phi s to trong qun th s loi KG: A. 40 B. 80 C. 60 D. 20 Cu 14: Xt t hp gen Ab/aB Dd. vi tn s HVG 25% t l cc giao t A. AB D=Ab d=aB D=ab d=6,25%. B. AB D=AB d.=ab D=abD=6,25% C. AB D=Ab d=aB D=ab d=12,5%. D. AB D=Ab d=aB D=ab d=12,5%. Cu 15: Lai gia hai cy thun chng thn cao vi thn thp, F1 u c thn cao. Cho F1 lai vi mt cy khc, F2 thu c 62,5% cy thn cao : 37,5% cy thn thp. Tnh trng chiu cao ca cy di truyn theo qui lut no? A. Ab/aB, 40%. B. AB/ab. 25%. C. AB/ab, 20%. D. Ab/aB, 25% Cu 16: Mt QT TV c cc cy 2n v 4n, A-, a-vng, cy 4n gim phn cho giao t 2n. Php lai cho t l phn ly KH 11 : 1 vng l : A. AAaaxAa, AAaaxAAaa . B. AAaax Aa, AAaa x aaaa . C. AAaax Aa, AAaa x Aaaa . D. AAaax aa, AAaa x Aaaa . Cu 17: Gen A m ho 498 aa, B lm mt 1 on gm 3 cp nu. TH ARN-m t gen B, MTNB CC 7485 nu, tnh s bn sao m gen B sao A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. Cu 18: mt loi thc vt A-, a-vng, th h ban u c 2 cy mang KG aa v 1 cy mang KG Aa. Cho 3 cy trn t th lin tc qua 3 th h, sau cho ngu phi th h th 4. TLKH th h th 4. A. 70% : 30% vng. B. 30% : 70% vng. C. 33,5% :66,5% vng. D. 66.5% :33,5% vng. Cu 19: Mt QT t trng thi CB c 1 lcut gm 4 alen vi cc tn s sau : a1 (0,1), a2 (0,2), a3 (0,3), a4 (0,4), tn s ca cc KG a2a4,a1a3,a3a3 ln lt: A. 0,08 ;0,03 ;0,09. B. 0,16 ;0,06 ;0,09. C. 0,16 ;0,06 ;0,18. D. 0,08 ;0,03 ;0,18. Cu 20: Mt lcut c 5 alen :A1,A2,A3,A4,A5, bit th bc tri ca cc alen A1>A2>A3>A4>A5. Vy trong qun th tn ti s lng KG khc nhau? A. 15. B. 32. C. 25. D. 30 ----- HT ----H v tn th sinh:........................................................ S bo danh:....................

Cu hi 1 2 3

p n B D B

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

B C B B A B B A B C B B C C C B A

S GIO DC V O TO NAM NH

THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12 TRNG THPT A NGHA HNG NM HC 2010-2011 Mn: SINH HC ( T LUN) Thi gian: 90 pht (Khng k thi gian giao )

Cu 1: (1,0 im): Trnh by 2 quy trnh khc nhau cng to ra th song nh bi thc vt. Cu 2: (1,0 im) a/ V sao s thay i tn s alen trong qun th vi khun nhanh hn so vi s thay i tn s alen trong qun th sinh vt nhn thc lng bi? b/ Cc nhn t c th lm ngho vn gen ca qun th l nhng nhn t no? Cu 3: (1,0 im) Trn mt nhim sc th, xt 4 gen A, B, C v D. Khong cch tng i gia cc gen l: AB = l,5 cM, BC = 16,5 cM, BD = 3,5 cM, CD = 20 cM, AC = 18 cM. a/ Hy vit trt t ng ca cc gen trn nhim sc th . b/ Nu ngha ca vic xc nh trt t sp xp cc gen trn cng mt nhim sc th. Cu 4: (1,0 im) mt t bo sinh tinh xt hai cp nhim sc th c k hiu l Bb v Dd. Khi t bo ny gim phn, cp Bb khng phn li trong gim phn I, gim phn II din ra bnh thng; cp Dd phn li bnh thng. a/ Nguyn nhn no gy ra hin tng trn? b/ Vit cc loi giao t c to ra t qu trnh gim phn ca t bo sinh tinh ni trn. Cu 5: (2 im)

AB D d AB D X X vi rui gim c kiu gen X Y cho F1 c kiu hnh ab ab ng hp ln v c 3 tnh trng chim t l 4,375%. Khng cn lp s lai hy xc nh tn s hon v gen php lai trn.
Php lai gia rui gim c kiu gen Cu 6: (1,0 im) Mt loi thc vt, alen A qui nh cy cao tri hon ton so vi alen a qui nh cy thp, cp gen Aa nm trn cp nhim sc th (NST) tng ng s 1. Alen B qui nh hoa tri hon ton so vi alen b qui nh hoa trng; alen D qui nh qu trn tri hon ton so vi alen d qui nh qu bu dc. Hai cp gen ny nm trn cp NST tng ng s 2. Cho giao phn gia hai cy (P) u thun chng thu c F1 d hp v 3 cp gen trn. Cho F1 giao phn vi nhau thu c F2, trong cy c kiu hnh thn thp, hoa trng, qu bu dc chim t l 1%. Bit rng hon v gen xy ra c trong qu trnh pht sinh giao t c v giao t ci vi tn s bng nhau. Khng lp s lai hy xc inh t l % s cy c kiu hnh tri v c 3 tnh trng F2. Cu 7: (2 im) rui gim, xt hai gen trn nhim sc th thng, gen A l tri hon ton so vi gen a v gen B l tri hon ton so vi gen b. a/ Lai hai c th d hp t v hai gen trn, trong s rui thu c F 1 th s rui ng hp t ln v c hai tnh trng chim 17%. b/ Mt php lai khc gia hai c th d hp t v hai gen trn, trong s rui thu c F1 th s rui ng hp t ln v c hai tnh trng chim 8%. Gii thch kt qu v vit cc s lai ph hp vi mi php lai trn. Cu 8: (1 im) ngi, tnh trng nhm mu h ABO do mt gen c 3 alen I A , IB, IO quy nh. Mt qun th ngi trng thi cn bng di truyn c 9% s ngi mang nhm mu O; 27% s ngi mang nhm mu B. Mt cp v chng u c nhm mu A sinh mt ngi con. Xc sut a con ny mang nhm mu ging b m l bao nhiu?

P N Cu 1: (1,0 im) a. Phng php lai xa v a bi ha : - Lai xa gia 2 loi lng bi to ra c th lai F1 c b NST gm 2 b n bi ca 2 loi khc nhau. - Gy t bin a bi ha c th lai xa to ra th song nh bi. b. Dung hp t bo trn : - Loi b thnh xenlulz ca t bo sinh dng bng enzim hoc vi phu to ra t bo trn nui cc t bo trn khc loi trong cng mi trng nui to ra cc t bo lai. - Chn lc cc t bo lai mang 2 b NST ca 2 loi khc nhau v dng hoocmn kch thch cc t bo ny thnh cy lai. Cu 2: (1,0 im) a/ V: - Vi khun sinh sn rt nhanh, thi gian th h ngn. - vng nhn ca vi khun c mt phn t ADN mch kp, dng vng nn hu ht cc t bin u biu hin ngay kiu hnh. b/ Cc nhn t lm ngho vn gen ca qun th: Bin ng di truyn v giao phi khng ngu nhin. Cu 3: (1,0 im) a/ Trt t ng ca cc gen trn NST l: DABC b/ ngha: - Cho php d on tnh cht di truyn ca cc tnh trng c sp xp trn bn . - Gip gim thi gian chn i giao phi trong cng tc ging, gim thi gian to ging mi. Cu 4: (1,0 im) a/ Nguyn nhn: - Cc tc nhn vt l, ha hc ca mi trng ngoi hoc s ri lon mi trng ni bo cn tr s phn ly ca mt hay mt s cp NST. b/ Cc giao t c hnh thnh: - BbD v d hoc Bbd v D. Cu 5: (2 im) - T l ca mt loi kiu hnh no bng tch t l cc kiu hnh ca cc nhm lin kt hp thnh n. php lai: AB D d AB D AB AB X X x X Y =( x ) . (XDXd x XDY). ab ab ab ab - nhm lin kt (XDXd x XDY) lun cho i con c t l KH ln = 25%. AB AB x - rui gim hon v gen ch xy ra rui ci nn nhm lin kt ( ), nu hon v gen ab ab gii ci vi f = 2x th kiu hnh ln c t l = 0,5.(0,5 x). ab d - Kiu hnh ln v tt c cc cp tnh trng X Y c t l bng tch t l ca cc nhm lin kt = 25% . ab 0,5 .(0,5 x) = 4,375% (0,5 x) = 4,375%/0,5 . 25% = 0,35 x = 0,15 2x = 30%. Vy tn s hon v gen: f = 30%. Cu 6 (1 im)

bd = 10% a bd x 10% a bd bd Bd - 10% a bd <12,5% l G do hon v gen. F1 d hp t cho Aa f = 4 x 10% = 40%. bD Bd Bd Bd Bd - F1 x F1: Aa x Aa vi f = 40% = (Aa x Aa). ( x ). bD bD bD bD
- F2 s cy c KH ln v c 3 tnh trng c KG l: 1% aa

- KH tri v c 3 tnh F2: 75%A- (50%

B BD + 4% ) = 75% x 54% = 40,5% D BD

Cu 7: (2 im) 1.1 Gii thch kt qu v vit s lai ca trng hp 1 - Gii thch kt qu: + Cc c th ng hp t ln v c hai tnh trng F1 chim 17%, khc vi 6,25% (1/16) v 2% (1/4) Hai gen v B lin kt khng hon ton. +Rui gim F1 ng hp t ln v c hai hai tnh trng c kiu gen ab/ab Rui c v ci P u cho loi giao t ab. + V rui c khng trao i cho, nn rui c P ch cho hai loi giao t: AB v ab vi t l bng nhau kiu gen ca rui c P: AB/ab. 0,25 im + Gi x l t l % ca loi giao t ab rui ci P ta c: 17% ab/ab = 50% ab . x ab x = 34%. + V x = 34% > 25% giao t ab l giao t cha gen lin kt kiu gen ca rui ci P: AB/ab. 0,25 im + tn s hon v gen gia hai gen A v B = 100% - 2(34%) = 32%. - S lai t P F1 : P: AB/ab x AB/ab G p : 34% AB : 34% ab 50% AB: 50% ab 16% Ab : 16% aB. Lp bng t hp giao t P ta c kt qu F1 : + T l KG F1 : 17% AB/AB: 34% AB/ab: 17% ab/ab:8% AB/Ab: 8% AB/aB: 8% Ab/ab: 8% aB/ab. 0,25 im + T l KH F1 : 67% (A-B-): 8% (A- bb): 8% (a- B-): 17% (aabb). 1.2 1.2 Gii thch kt qu v vit s lai ca trng hp 2. Lp lun tng t trng hp 1 + Gi y l t l % ca loi giao t ab rui ci P ta c: 8% ab/ab = 50% ab . y ab y = 16%. + V y = 16% < 25% giao t ab l giao t cha gen hon v kiu gen ca rui ci P: Ab/aB v kiu gen ca rui c P: AB/ab. - S lai t P F1 : P: Ab/aB x AB/ab G p : 34% Ab : 34% aB 50% AB: 50% ab 16% ab : 16% AB. Lp bng t hp giao t P ta c kt qu F1 : + T l KG F1 : 8% AB/AB: 16% AB/ab: 8% ab/ab:17% AB/Ab: 17% AB/aB: 17% Ab/ab: 17% aB/ab. 0,25 im + T l KH F1 : 58% (A-B-): 17% (A- bb): 17% (a- B-): 8% (aabb). Cu 8: (1im). - Qui c: p, q, r l tn s tng i c cc alen: IA , IB , I 0 p + q + r =1

Nhm mu 0 c KG: I 0 I 0 r2 = 0,09 r = 0,3. 0,25 im Nhm mu B c KG: IB IB v IB I 0 q2 + 2qr + r2 = 0,27 + 0,09 = 0,36 q + r = 0,6 p = 1- 0,6 = 0,4. trong qun th ny, ngi mang mu A gm c 0,16 IA IA v 0,24 IA I 0 . Nh vy trong s ngi mang nhm mu A, s ngi c KG d hp t c t l: 0,24/ 0,16 + 0,24 = 0,6. 0,25 im C hai v chng u c nhm mu A, xc sut h sinh mt a con c mu 0 l: 0,6 x 0,6 x 0,25 = 0,09. Vy xc sut h sinh mt a con c mu A l: 1 0,09 = 0,91.