FTTH

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Gii thiu chuyn :

MNG TRUY NHP QUANG TI THU BAO GPON

H ni 2007
Ni dung
1 Gii thiu phm vi v l do la chn chuyn ............................................................ 5
2 Gii thiu mng truy nhp quang ti thu bao (FTTH) v GPON ................................ 6
2.1 Khi nim v u im FTTH .................................................................................6
2.2 Kin trc v thnh phn ca mng PON ................................................................6
2.3 Cc chun mng PON ............................................................................................7
2.4 GPON .....................................................................................................................8
3 nh ngha v vit tt ..................................................................................................... 8
3.1 nh ngha ..............................................................................................................8
3.2 Cc ch vit tt.....................................................................................................11
4 Kin trc mng truy nhp quang .................................................................................. 14
4.1 Kin trc mng .....................................................................................................14
4.1.1 FTTB ..........................................................................................................15
4.1.1.1 FTTB cho MDU ......................................................................................15
4.1.1.2 FTTB cho doanh nghip..........................................................................15
4.1.2 FTTC v FTTCab .......................................................................................16
4.1.3 FTTH ..........................................................................................................16
4.2 Cu hnh mng tham chiu ..................................................................................16
4.2.1 Giao din nt dch v SNI ..........................................................................17
4.2.2 Giao din mng ngi dng UNI ...............................................................18
4.2.3 Cc dch v .................................................................................................18
4.2.4 Thit b u cui ng dy OLT ..............................................................19
4.2.5 Thit b u cui mng ONU/ONT ............................................................20
5 Cc c tnh c bn ca GPON .................................................................................... 20
5.1 Tc bit .............................................................................................................20
5.2 Khong cch logic ................................................................................................20
5.3 Khong cch vt l ...............................................................................................21
5.4 Khong cch si quang chnh lch ......................................................................21
5.5 T l chia ...............................................................................................................21
6 Cu trc phn lp ca mng quang GPON .................................................................. 21
6.1 Lp ph thuc phng tin vt l PMD ..............................................................21
6.1.1 Tc tn hiu danh nh ...........................................................................21
6.1.2 Phng tin vt l v phng thc truyn .................................................22
6.1.3 Tc bit....................................................................................................22
6.1.3.1 Tc ng xung ...............................................................................22
6.1.3.2 Tc ng ln ....................................................................................22
6.1.4 M ha ng dy ......................................................................................22
6.1.5 Bc sng hot ng ..................................................................................23
6.1.5.1 ng xung ...........................................................................................23
6.1.5.2 ng ln ................................................................................................23
6.1.6 Ngun pht ti giao din O
ld
v giao din O
ru
...........................................23
6.1.6.1 Cc loi ngun pht .................................................................................23
6.1.6.2 c tnh ph ............................................................................................23
6.1.6.3 Cng sut pht trung bnh .......................................................................23
6.1.6.4 T l chnh lch logic ..............................................................................24
6.1.6.5 H s phn x ln nht ca thit b o ti bc sng my pht .............24
6.1.7 ng truyn quang gia giao din O
ld
/O
ru
v giao din O
rd
/O
lu
..............25
6.1.7.1 Di suy hao ..............................................................................................25
6.1.7.2 Suy hao phn x quang nh nht ca mng cp ti im tham chiu R/S
bao gm cc connector ..........................................................................................25
6.1.7.3 H s phn x ring l gia im tham chiu S v R .............................25
6.1.8 B thu ti giao din O
rd
v O
lu
....................................................................25
6.1.8.1 nhy thu nh nht ..............................................................................25
6.1.8.2 Mc qu ti nh nht ...............................................................................26
6.1.8.3 Mt mt ng truyn quang ln nht ....................................................26
6.1.8.4 Khong cch logic ln nht .....................................................................26
6.1.8.5 Khong cch logic chnh lch ln nht ..................................................26
6.1.8.6 H s phn x ln nht ca b thu thit b o ti bc sng my thu ....26
6.1.8.7 Chnh lch mt mt ng truyn quang ...............................................26
6.1.8.8 Hiu nng Jitter .......................................................................................26
6.1.8.9 Kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging nhau (CID immunity) ...............27
6.1.8.10 Kh nng chu cng sut phn x ..........................................................27
6.1.8.11 Cht lng truyn dn v hiu nng li ................................................27
6.2 Lp hi t truyn dn GTC ..................................................................................27
6.2.1 Tng quan ...................................................................................................27
6.2.2 Ngn xp giao thc trong mt phng iu khin/qun l (C/M planes) ....29
6.2.3 Ngn xp giao thc trong mt phng ngi dng ......................................30
6.2.4 Cc chc nng chnh h thng GTC ..........................................................32
6.2.4.1 iu khin truy nhp phng tin (Media access control flow) .............32
6.2.4.2 ng k ONU .........................................................................................33
6.2.5 Cc chc nng ca cc phn lp trong h thng GTC ...............................33
6.2.5.1 Phn lp ng khung GTC (GTC framing sub-layer) ............................33
6.2.5.2 Phn lp thch ng GTC v giao din vi cc thc th lp trn .............33
6.2.6 Dng lu lng v cht lng dch v QoS ..............................................34
6.2.6.1 Mi lin h gia GTC v qun l d liu ngi dng ............................34
6.2.6.2 Khi nim cp pht ti nguyn ................................................................34
6.2.6.3 m bo cht lng dch v QoS ...........................................................35
6.2.7 Cp pht bng tn ng DBA ....................................................................36
6.2.7.1 Yu cu cp pht bng tn ng .............................................................36
6.2.7.2 Cc loi T-CONT v tham s hot ng .................................................37
6.2.7.3 Hot ng DBA .......................................................................................37
6.2.7.4 Kha cnh qun l ....................................................................................38
6.2.8 Cu trc khung GTC ..................................................................................38
6.2.8.1 Cu trc khung ng xung ..................................................................39
6.2.8.2 Cu trc khung ng ln .......................................................................40
7 Bo v i vi phn mng quang th ng PON ......................................................... 41
7.1 Cc dng chuyn mch bo v .............................................................................41
7.2 c im v cu hnh mng GPON kp ..............................................................42
7.2.1 Cc kiu cu hnh chuyn mch .................................................................42
7.2.2 Cc c im ..............................................................................................45
7.3 Cc yu cu i vi chuyn mch bo v ............................................................45
7.4 Cc trng thng tin yu cu trong khung OAM ................................................45
7.5 Bo mt ................................................................................................................45
8 Ph lc A - Cc thng s giao din quang ng xung tc 1244 Mbit/s ............. 46
9 Ph lc B - Cc thng s giao din quang ng xung tc 2488 Mbit/s ............. 47
10 Ph lc C Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 155 Mbit/s ................ 48
11 Ph lc D Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 622 Mbit/s ............. 49
12 Ph lc E- Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 1244 Mbit/s ............. 51
13 Ph lc F Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 1244 Mbit/s s dng
c ch nh mc cng sut pht cho ONU ........................................................................ 53
14 Ph lc G Mt n s mt cho tn hiu ng xung ............................................ 54
15 Ph lc H Mt n s mt cho tn hiu ng ln ................................................. 55
16 Ph lc I Jitter i vi ONU ..................................................................................... 56
Chuyn mng truy nhp quang n thu bao GPON

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1 Gii thiu phm vi v l do la chn chuyn
Mng truy nhp quang th ng (PON) bao gm cc ng quang i t nh cung
cp dch v c dng chung cho mt s khch hng. S c mt ng quang i n
mt nhm khch hng gn nhau v mt a l. Ti y ng quang dng chung
ny s c chia tch thnh cc ng quang ring bit i n tng khch hng.
Vi mng PON, tn hiu c truyn bng tia laser v c gi ti ch khng cn
cc cu kin in t tch cc trong mng ngoi v. Nh cung cp mng do c th
tit kim c chi ph ng k bng vic dng chung cc si quang trong mng ni
ht, dng chung thit b trong tng i.
Thng 6/2007 va qua ITU phi hp vi Telcordia t chc th nghim cc thit b
mng quang th ng tc gigabit GPON c xy dng da trn khuyn ngh
ITU-T G.984. Cng ngh mng quang th ng PON c s dng trong mi trng
mch vng ni ht kt ni cho cc khu dn c v khu vn phng vo mng ton
quang mt cch hiu qu. Cuc th nghim trnh din kh nng phi hp hot
ng ca thit b GPON, y chnh l tnh nng ni tri gip gim chi ph thit b.
Cc nh sn xut thit b Alphion, Cambridge Industries Group, Hitachi, Huawei,
iamba Networks, LS Cable, PMC-Sierra, Tellabs, Terawave Communications, TXP
Corporation, XAVi Technologies, ZTE Corporation cng thc hin trnh din kh
nng phi hp hot ng dch v 3 trong 1 triple-play.
B khuyn ngh G.984 ca ITU a ra tiu chun cho mng PON tc gigabit
(GPON) l phin bn mi nht i vi cng ngh mng PON. Mng GPON c dung
lng mc gigabit cho php cung cp cc ng dng video, truy nhp internet tc
cao, multimedia, v cc dch v bng thng rng. Cng vi dung lng mng gia
tng, tiu chun mi ny a ra kh nng x l IP v Ethernet hiu qu hn.
Chuyn ny gii thiu v mng truy nhp quang c kh nng h tr bng tn
theo yu cu cho cc dch v dnh cho gia nh v doanh nghip vi tc ng
xung 1.2 Gbit/s v 2.4 Gbit/s v tc ng ln 155 Mbit/s, 622 Mbit/s, 1.2 Gbit/s
v 2.4 Gbit/s da trn tiu chun ITU G.984. Chuyn gii thiu c mng GPON
(Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network) i xng v khng i xng bao gm cc
c tnh c bn cn thit da trn yu cu dch v ca nh iu hnh mng.
Mc ch tiu chun G.984.1 l ci thin h thng PON theo tiu chun G.983.1
thng qua cc yu cu v cung cp dch v, cc chnh sch bo mt, tc bit danh
nh... m bo tnh lin tc so vi cc h thng trc, tiu chun G.984.1 s duy
tr mt s yu cu trong tiu chun G.983.1.
Chuyn a ra cc c tnh c bn v h thng GPON thc hin lp vt l
v lp hi t truyn dn. Cc c tnh ny bao gm mt s v d v dch v, giao din
mng ngi dng UNI (User Network Interfaces) v giao din nt dch v SNI
(Service Node Interfaces) v t a ra cu hnh trin khai chnh.


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2 Gii thiu mng truy nhp quang ti thu bao (FTTH) v GPON
2.1 Khi nim v u im FTTH
Trc y cc h thng mng truy nhp c s dng ch yu l cp ng, ng
dng cho cc dch v c lu lng thp. Vic s dng cp ng c nhng li ishc
nh chi ph thp, kh nng lp t v trin khai n gin. Tuy nhin, cp ng c
nhiu hn ch nh bng thng nh, kh nng chng nhiu km, suy hao ln, phm vi
truyn nh.
Cng ngh truyn dn bng cp quang khc phc hon ton cc nhc im
ny. Truyn dn bng cp quang khng b nhiu do tn hiu c truyn bng nh
sng, suy hao nh, phm v truyn dn gp hng chc ln so vi cp ng v c bit
l bng thng ca cp quang c th ln ti hng trm GHz p ng c hon ton
nhu cu truyn dn.
Nhng nm gn y do s pht trin ca cng ngh lm cho vic sn xut cp
quang d dng v gi thnh ca cp quang cng nh cc thit b u ni cp h, do
vy cp quang c s dng rng ri. Thc t ti Vit nam cng nh trn th gii l
cc mng li hu ht l mng quang nhng mng truy nhp vn ch yu s dng cp
ng. Mng cp quang truy nhp vn cn nh l v mi ch c trin khai ch yu
cc nc c nn cng ngh thng tin pht trin nh M, Hn Quc, Nht Bn....
Tuy nhin vi s bng n v nhu cu bng thng hin nay, vic trin khai mt h
thng mng truy nhp quang n tng h gia nh l mt xu th tt yu. chnh l
mng FTTH Fiber to the home.
2.2 Kin trc v thnh phn ca mng PON
Mng FTTH bao gm cc ng quang i t nh cung cp dch v c dng
chung cho mt s khch hng. S c mt ng quang i n mt nhm khch hng
gn nhau v mt a l. Ti y ng quang dng chung ny s c chia tch
thnh cc ng quang ring bit i n tng khch hng.
Mng truy nhp quang th ng PON l kiu mng im-a im. Mi khch
hng c kt ni ti mng quang thng qua mt b chia quang th ng, v vy
khng c cc thit b in ch ng trong mng phn chia v bng thng c chia s
t nhnh n ngi dng. Tn hiu ng xung c pht qung b ti cc thu
bao, tn hiu ny c m ha trnh vic xem trm. Tn hiu ng ln c kt
hp bng vic s dng giao thc a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian. OLT s iu
khin cc ONU s dng cc khe thi gian cho vic truyn d liu ng ln.
Trong mng PON, OLT l thnh phn chc nng chnh ca h thng t tng
i. ONU l thit b t pha ngi dng.ONU kt ni ti OLT bng cc si quang
v khng c cc thnh phn ch ng gia. B chia tn hiu (splitter) l thnh phn
rt quan trng cua h thng, theo tiu chun ITU G.983.1 mt b chia s dng ti a
cho 32 khch hng.

Trang 7/56

Hnh 1 Kin trc mng PON
2.3 Cc chun mng PON
C ba loi tiu chun chnh cho mng PON nh sau:
- ITU-T G.983
o APON (ATM Passive Optical Network): l chun mng PON u
tin, da trn cng ngh ATM.
o BPON (Broadband PON): l chun da trn APON. N h tr thm
cng ngh WDM, bng thng ginh cho ng ln c cp pht ng.. N
cng cung cp mt giao din qun l chun OMCI gia OLT v ONU cho
php nhiu nh cung cp dch v cng hot ng.
- ITU-T G.984
o GPON (Gigabit PON) l s nng cp ca chun BPON. y l
chun mi nht, h tr tc cao hn, bo mt c tng cng v s a
dng, linh hot trong vic la chn giao thc lp 2: ATM, GEM hoc
Ethernet.
- IEEE 803.3ah
o EPON (Ethernet PON hay GEPON gigabit Ethernet PON): l mt
chun ca IEEE/EFM cho vic s dng giao thc Ethernet truyn d liu

So snh cc tiu chun c ch ra trong bng sau:


Trang 8/56

Cng ngh
BPON (APON)
GE-PON
(EPON)
GPON
c tnh
Tc - ng
ln/ng xung
155/622 Mbps 1.0/1.0 Gbps 1.25/2.5 Gbps
Giao thc c bn ATM Ethernet GEM
phc tp Cao Thp Cao
Chi ph Cao Thp Cha r
T chc tiu chun ITU-T IEEE ITU-T
Tiu chun hon thin Ri, 1995 Ri, 2004 Ri
Trin khai quy m ln 100,000 thu bao
1,000,000 thu
bao
Mi th
nghim
Khu vc trin khai
chnh
Bc M Chu
Mi th
nghim
Bng 1 So snh cc tiu chun PON
2.4 GPON
H thng GPON thng thng gm mt thit b kt cui ng dy OLT
(Optical Line Termination) v thit b kt cui mng ONU (Optical Network Unit)
hay ONT (Optical Network Termination) c ni vi nhau qua mng phn phi
quang ODN (Optical Distribution Network). Quan h gia OLT v ONU l quan h
mt-nhiu, mt OLT s kt ni vi nhiu ONU.
B khuyn ngh G.984 ca ITU a ra tiu chun cho mng PON tc
gigabit (GPON) l phin bn mi nht i vi cng ngh mng PON. Mng GPON
c dung lng mc gigabit cho php cung cp cc ng dng video, truy nhp
internet tc cao, multimedia, v cc dch v bng thng rng. Cng vi dung
lng mng gia tng, tiu chun mi ny a ra kh nng x l IP v Ethernet hiu
qu hn.
Mc ch tiu chun G.984.1 l ci thin h thng PON theo tiu chun
G.983.1 thng qua cc yu cu v cung cp dch v, cc chnh sch bo mt, tc
bit danh nh... m bo tnh lin tc so vi cc h thng trc, tiu chun
G.984.1 s duy tr mt s yu cu trong tiu chun G.983.1.

3 nh ngha v vit tt
3.1 nh ngha
Sau y l cc nh ngha c s dng thng xuyn trong ti liu.

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Chc nng tng thch AF (Adaptation Function): AF l thit b i km
thc hin chuyn giao din thu bao ONU/ONT thnh giao din UNI theo yu cu
ca nh cung cp dch v mng hoc chuyn giao din UNI thnh giao din thu bao
ONU/ONT. Cc chc nng ca AF ph thuc vo giao din thu bao ONU/ONT v
giao din UNI. AF cng c s dng chuyn giao din mng OLT thnh giao
din SNI theo yu cu ca nh cung cp mng dch v hoc chuyn i giao din SNI
thnh giao din mng OLT.
Khong cch logic: l khong cch ln nht c th t c trong mng
truyn dn nu khng tnh n qu cng sut ng truyn quang cho php.
Khong cch si quang chnh lch: Mt OLT s c kt ni ti nhiu
ONU/ONT. Khong cch si quang chnh lch l s chnh lch gia khong cch xa
nht v khong cch gn nht t ONU n OLT.
Tr truyn dn trung bnh: l trung bnh gi tr tr ng ln v ng
xung gia cc im tham chiu, tr ny c xc nh bng cch o tr tng ng
truyn 1 vng ng ln v ng xung v chia 2.
Mng truy nhp quang OAN (Optical Access Network): Mng OAN bao
gm cc ng link truy nhp dng chung cc giao din mng v c h tr bi h
thng truyn dn truy nhp quang.
Mng phn b quang ODN (Optical Distribution Network): thc hin
truyn dn quang t OLT ti ngi dng v ngc li, s dng cc cu kin quang
th ng.
Thit b kt cui ng dy OLT (Optical Line Termination): cung cp
giao din pha mng
Thit b kt cui mng ONT (Optical Network Termination): l thit b
ONU cung cp chc nng cng giao din cho ngi dng trong mng FTTH.
Thit b mng quang ONU (Optical Network Unit): cung cp giao din
pha ngi dng (trc tip hoc t xa) ca mng OAN v c kt ni ti mng
ODN.
Khong cch vt l ln nht: l khong cch ln nht c th t c trong
mt mng truyn dn FTTx in hnh.
Mt phng iu khin/qun l (C/M-plane): x l thng tin iu khin v
qun l cho h thng GPON. D liu trn giao din OMCI c chuyn qua mt
phng ny.
Cp pht bng tn ng (DBA): l qu trnh ONU (v cc T-CONT lin kt
vi chng) yu cu bng tn ng v phng thc kim sot gi tin ri ti OLT hay
bo co trng thi b m t cc ONU gi ti OLT, OLT cp pht li bng tn ng
ln cho cc ONU ty theo bo co .
Chc nng vn hnh qun l v bo dng (embedded OAM): cung cp
cc chc nng OAM cm ng theo thi gian bao gm cp pht quyn, chuyn mch
bo mt v cc chc nng lin quan n DBA.

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Th tc ng khung chung (GFP): l phng thc to khung v ng gi
c p dng cho loi d liu bt k, c ITU-T chun ha.
Ch ng gi GPON (GEM): l phng thc ng gi d liu trong mng
GPON. Mc d d liu no cng c th c ng gi nhng c mt s loi d liu
ph thuc vo tnh trng dch v. GEM cung cp phng thc giao tip hng kt
ni nh ATM. Khi nim v nh dng khung tng t nh th tc ng khung
chung.
Mng quang th ng Gigabit (G-PON): GPON l h thng truyn dn
quang bng rng t -1-ti- nhiu-im. GPON c th truyn ti mi loi d liu bng
cch s dng chc nng phng thc truyn dn ATM hoc GEM.
Phn lp ng khung GTC (GTC framing sub-layer): l mt phn ca
phn lp hi t truyn dn GPON TC. Phn lp ny c nhim v nhn ra khung v
m t cc phn d liu trong khung.
Cp pht bng tn ng khng bo co trng thi (NSR-DBA): thc hin
cp pht bng tn m khng cn bo co t ONU. Tuy nhin n thc hin cp pht
bng tn ng bng cch gim st lu lng do chnh OLT thc hin.
Chc nng vn hnh, qun l v bo dng lp vt l (PLOAM): N cung
cp chc nng qun l mng PON nh nh mc, kch hot ONU, thit lp knh qun
l OMCC v truyn ti cnh bo.
Cng (port): Cng l n v c ghp knh trn mt T-CONT trong GEM.
Mt hoc nhiu cng c th c xc nh trn mt T-CONT. D liu c truyn
gia OLT v ONU qua cc cng. Cng tng tng vi knh o/ng o trong
ATM. Mi cng c nhn dng bi nhn dng cng Port-ID c xc nh trong
GEM.
Cp pht bng tn ng bo co trng thi (SR-DBA): Thc hin cp pht
bng tn theo bo co t pha ONU.
Phn lp tng thch hi t truyn dn (TC adaptation sub-layer): l mt
phn ca phn lp hi t truyn dn GPON. Phn lp ny c nhim v lc d liu
c truyn theo VPI/VCI hoc theo Port-ID. Ngoi ra i vi giao din OMCI, phn
lp ny tip thu s khc nhau gia ATM v GEM da trn OMCI cung cp giao
din chung cho thc th OMCI
Container truyn dn (T-CONTs): c s dng qun l cp pht bng
tn ng ln trong phn mng PON ca lp hi t truyn dn. T-CONT thng
c s dng ti u vic s dng bng tn ng ln trong mng PON.
T-CONTs mang cc knh ATM hoc/v cng GEM v bo co trng thi
b m ti cc OLT lin kt vi chng.
T-CONTs nhn cc quyn truy nhp (grant) ng, c nhn dng bi
Alloc-ID t OLT.
Mt T-CONT c th mang lu lng ATM hoc GEM vi cc mc dch v
khc nhau..

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Mt T-CONT c th cung cp cho mt hoc nhiu hng i vt l v tng
hp chng va mt b m logic duy nht.
Mi bo co trng thi DBA-T-CONT tng kt trng thi ca b m logic
ca T-CONT
Mt T-CONT l mt thc th truyn ti trong lp hi t truyn dn thc
hin truyn ti trong sut thng tin ca cc lp cao hn t u vo n u ra.
Thng tin i qua mt T-CONT s khng b thay i tr khi c s gim cht
lng trong qu trnh truyn.
Mt quyn truy nhp c cp ch lin kt vi duy nht mt T-CONT. Cc
T-CONT din ra v mt vt l trong phn cng v phn mm ca ONU..
Lp hi t truyn dn (TC): Lp hi t truyn dn c v tr gia lp phc
thuc vt l v cc client ca GPON. Lp ny bao gm phn lpwps ng khung GTC
v phn lp thch ng hi t truyn dn.
Mt phng ngi dng (U-plane): x l d liu ngi dng trong h thng
GPON. U-plane cung cp giao tip gia cc client ATM v client GEM

3.2 Cc ch vit tt

AAL ATM Adaptation Layer Lp tng thch ATM
ABR Available Bit Rate Tc bit kh dng
AF Adaptation Function Chc nng tng thch
Alloc-ID Allocation Identifier Nhn dng cp pht
AN Access Node Nt truy nhp
ANI Access Node Interface Giao din nt truy nhp
APD Avalanche Photodiode Diode quang kiu thc
APON ATM over Passive Optical
Network
ATM qua mng quang th ng
APS Automatic Protection Switching Chuyn mch bo v t ng
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode Ch truyn khng ng b
BER Bit Error Ratio T l li bit
BIP Bit Interleaved Parity Bit chn l xen k
BRI Basic Rate Interface Giao din tc c bn
BWmap Bandwidth Map nh x bng tn
C/M
planes
Control/Management planes Mt qun l/iu khin
CBR Constant Bit Rate Tc bit c nh
CID Consecutive Identical Digit S ging nhau lin tip

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CPL Change Power Level Mc cng sut thay i
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check Kim tra li vng d
DACT Deactivate (ONU-ID) B kch hot
DBA Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment Cp pht bng tn ng
DBR Deterministic Bit Rate Tc bit xc nh
DBRu Dynamic Bandwidth Report
upstream
Bo co bng tn ng ng
ln
DF Deactivate Failure Li b kch hot
DFB Distributed FeedBack laser Laser feedback phn b
E/O Electrical/Optical in/quang
FEC Forward Error Correction Sa li
FTTB Fibre to the Building Mng quang n ta nh
FTTCab/C Fibre to the Cabinet/Curb Mng quang n t cp
FTTH Fibre to the Home Mng quang n h gia
nh/thu bao
GEM G-PON Encapsulation Mode Ch ng gi GPON
GFP Generic Framing Procedure Th tc ng khung chung
GFR Guaranteed Frame Rate Tc khung m bo
GPM G-PON Physical Media
(Dependent)
Lp ph thuc vt l GPON
GPON Gigabit-capable Passive Optical
Network
Mng quang th ng gigabit
GTC GPON Transmission Convergence Lp hi t truyn dn GPON
HEC Header Error Control Kim tra li tiu
LCD Loss of Cell Delineation M t mt gi
LCDA Loss of Channel Delineation for
ATM
M t mt knh cho ATM
LCDG Loss of Channel Delineation for
GEM
M t mt knh cho GEM
LCF Laser Control Field Trng iu khin laser
LIM Line Interface Module Module giao din ng dy
LT Line Terminal u cui ng dy
MDU Multi-dwelling Unit n v gi tin nhiu a ch
MLM Multi-Longitudinal Mode Ch a chiu dc
MPN Mode Partition Noise Nhiu chia mode
NRZ Non Return to Zero M ng dy NRZ
NSR-DBA Non Status Reporting DBA Cp pht bng tn khng bo

Trang 13/56

co trng thi
NT Network Termination Kt cui mng
O/E Optical/Electrical Quang/in
OAM Operation, Administration and
Maintenance
Vn hnh, qun l v bo dng
OAN Optical Access Network Mng truy nhp quang
ODF Optical Distribution Frame Gi phn phi quang
ODN Optical Distribution Network Mng phn phi quang
OLT Optical Line Termination Thit b kt cui ng dy
OMCC ONU Management and Control
Channel
Knh iu khin v qun l
ONU
OMCI ONU Management and Control
Interface
Giao din iu khin v qun l
ONU
ONT Optical Network Termination Thit b kt cui mng quang
ONU Optical Network Unit Thit b kt cui mng quang
ONU-ID ONU Identifier Nhn dng thit b kt cui
mng quang
OpS Operations System H iu hnh
ORL Optical Return Loss Suy hao phn x quang
PCBd Physical Control Block
downstream
Khi iu khin vt l ng
xung
PCR Peak Cell Rate Tc gi nh
PDU Protocol Data Unit n v bn tin giao thc
PEE Physical Equipment Error Li thit b vt l
PIN Photodiode without internal
avalanche
Diode quang khng thc ni
Plend Payload Length downstream Chiu di ti tin ng xung
PLI Payload Length Indicator Ch th chiu di ti tin
PLOAM Physical Layer OAM OAM lp vt l
PLOAMd PLOAM downstream OAM lp vt l ng xung
PLOu Physical Layer Overhead upstream Tiu lp vt l ng ln
PLSu Power Levelling Sequence
upstream
Chui mc cng sut ng ln
PON Passive Optical Network Mng quang th ng
Port-ID Port Identifier Nhn dng cng
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service Dch v in thoi truyn thng
PRBS Pseudo Random Bit Sequence Chui bi gi ngu nhin

Trang 14/56

PRI Primary Rate Interface Giao din tc chnh
PSTN Public Switched Telephone
Network
Mng din thoi chuyn mch
cng cng
RMS Root Mean Square Cn qun phng
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Mng s ng b
SLM Single-Longitudinal Mode Ch n chiu dc
SN Serial Number S seri
SNI Service Node Interface Giao din nt dch v
SOA Semiconductor Optical Amplifier B khuch i quang bn dn
SR-DBA Status Reporting DBA Cp pht bng tn ng bo co
trng thi
TC Transmission Convergence Hi t truyn dn
T-CONT Transmission Container Container truyn dn
U plane User plane Mt phng ngi dng
UNI User Network Interface Giao din mng-ngi dng
VC Virtual Channel Knh o
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier Nhn dng knh o
VP Virtual Path ng o
VPI Virtual Path Identifier Nhn dng ng o
WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing Ghp knh phn chia theo bc
sng

4 Kin trc mng truy nhp quang
4.1 Kin trc mng
Hnh 2 Kin trc mng cho thy kin trc mng GPON vi quy m t mng
quang n h gia nh FTTH (Fiber to the Home) n mng quang n ton nh
FTTB (Fiber to the Building) n mng quang n t cp FTTCab (Fiber to the
Cabinet). Mng truy nhp quang OAN c s dng chung cho mi kin trc mng
trong hnh 1 to iu kin xy dng mt mng truy nhp quang trn ton cu. Phn
quang ca mng c th bao gm cc phn t th ng hoc b ng v kin trc mng
ny c th l im-im hoc im-a im.


Trang 15/56

Hnh 2 Kin trc mng
Trong hnh:
- UNI l giao din gia mng vi ngi dng
- SNI l giao din gia OLT vi mng li
S khc nhau chnh gia cc dch v FTTB, FTTCab v FTTH l dch v cung
cp khc nhau, v vy trong ti liu ny cc dch v ny s c xem xt tng ng
nhau.
4.1.1 FTTB
Dch v mng quang n ta nh bao gm hai trng hp: dnh cho khu vc chung
c MDU (multi-dwelling units) v dnh cho khu vc doanh nghip. Mi trng hp
ny li bao gm cc tiu ch dch v nh sau:
4.1.1.1 FTTB cho MDU
Bao gm cc dng dch v nh sau:
- Dch v bng rng khng i xng (dch v broadcast s, video theo yu cu,
download file ...)
- Dch v bng rng i xng (broadcast ni dung, email, trao i file, o to t xa,
khm bnh t xa, chi game trc tuyn...)
- Dch v in thoi truyn thng v ISDN: mng truy nhp phi h tr mt cch
linh hot cung cp cc dch v in thoi bng hp.
4.1.1.2 FTTB cho doanh nghip
- Dch v bng rng i xng (broadcast ni dung, phn mm nhm, email , trao i
file...)

Trang 16/56

- ng thu knh ring: mng truy nhp phi h tr mt cch linh hot cung
cp dch v thu knh ring vi cc mc tc khc nhau.
4.1.2 FTTC v FTTCab
download file ...)
- Cc dch v mng trc xDSL.
4.1.3 FTTH
download file ...)

4.2 Cu hnh mng tham chiu
M hnh mng GPON FTTx c ch ra trong hnh 3.

Hnh 3 M hnh tham chiu cho mng GPON
Trong hnh:
WDM Module ghp knh quang theo bc sng
NE Thit b mng s dng bc sng khc so vi OLT v ONU

Trang 17/56

AF Chc nng tng thch (c th bao gm trong thit b ONU)
SNI Giao din nt dch v
UNI Giao din mng ngi dng
S im trn si quang ngay sau OLT hoc im kt ni quang ONU
R im trn si quang ngay trc ONU hoc im kt ni quang OLT
A/B Nu chc nng AF bao gm trong ONU th im ny khng cn thit.
Nu WDM khng c s dng cc im ny khng cn thit
Giao din quang ti im tham chiu R/S gia ONU v ODN i vi ng ln gi
l O
ru,
i vi ng xung gi l O
rd
. Giao din quang ti im tham chiu S/R gia
OLT v ODN i vi ng ln gi l O
lu,
i vi ng xung gi l O
ld
. Cc giao
din c th hin trong hnh sau.

Hnh 4 Cu hnh vt l chung ca mng phn b quang ODN
4.2.1 Giao din nt dch v SNI
Giao din nt dch v SNI l giao din gia mng truy nhp v mt nt dch v. Nu
pha mng truy nhp-giao din nt dch v v nt dch v-giao din nt dch v
khng cng mt a im th kt ni t xa gia mng truy nhp v nt dch v c
th c s dng bi ng truyn ti trong sut. Trong thit b OLT s bao gm
giao din

Cc v d v giao din nt dch v c ch ra trong bng 2.


Trang 18/56

SNI Giao din vt l Dch v
1000BASE- X (IEEE802.3) - Ethernet
ITU-T Rec. G.965 V5.2 POTS, ISDN (BRI), ISDN
(PRI)
ITU-T Rec. G.703 PDH DS3, ATM, E1, E3
ITU-T Rec. G.957 STM-1,4,16 E1. ATM
ANSI T1.107 PDH T1, DS3
ANSI T1.105.06,
ANSI T1.117
OC3, OC12 T1, DS3, ATM
Lu : Mt s dch v i km trong GPON nhng khng c giao din nt dch v
ring
Ct dch v cho thy cc dch v m giao din vt l c th h tr c
Bng 2V d giao din nt dch v SNI v cc dch v
4.2.2 Giao din mng ngi dng UNI
Thit b ONU/ONT bao gm giao din UNI v thit b OLT bao gm giao din SNI
nh ch ra trong hnh 2. Giao din UNI ty thuc vo dch v do nh khai thc
mng cung cp. V d v giao din UNI c ch ra trong bng sau.

UNI Giao din vt l Dch v
10BASE-T (IEEE802.3) - Ethernet
100BASE-TX (IEEE802.3) - Ethernet
1000BASE- T (IEEE802.3) - Ethernet
ITU-T Rec. I.430 - ISDN (BRI)
ITU-T Rec. I.431 - ISDN (PRI), T1, ATM
ITU-T Rec. G.703 PDH
DS3, ATM, E1, E3
ITU-T Rec. I.432.5 Giao din kim loi 25 Mbit/s ATM
ITU-T Rec. G.957 STM-1,4 ATM
ANSI T1.102, ANSI T1.107 PDH T1, DS3
Bng 3 V d giao din ngi dng-mng UNI v cc dch v
4.2.3 Cc dch v
GPON c xy dng cung cp tt c cc dch v hin c v c cc dch v mi
cho cc thu bao gia nh v doanh nghip s dng do kh nng truyn bng rng ca
mng. Cc dch v c th do cc nh khai thc mng cung cp s ty thuc vo cc
iu kin quy ch ring ca tng th trng i vi nh khai thc mng.

Trang 19/56

4.2.4 Thit b u cui ng dy OLT
Thit b u cui ng dy OLT (optical line terminal) c kt ni ti mng
chuyn mch qua cc giao din chun. V pha mng phn phi, OLT bao gm cc
giao din truy nhp quang theo tiu chun GPON v tc bit, qu ng truyn,
jitter,... OLT gm ba phn chnh sau y:
Chc nng giao din cng dch v (service port Interface Function);
Chc nng u ni cho (cross-connect function);
Giao din mng phn phi quang (ODN interface)
Cc khi chc nng chnh ca OLT c m t trong Hnh 5 S khi chc nng
OLT.

Hnh 5 S khi chc nng OLT
a. Khi li PON (PON core shell)
Khi ny gm hai phn, chc nng giao din ODN c m t trong mc sau v chc
nng ni t truyn dn (PON TC - Transmission Convergence) bao gm khung tn
hiu, iu khin truy nhp phng tin, OAM, DBA v qun l ONU. Chc nng
PON TC bao gm khung tn hiu, iu khin truy nhp phng tin, OAM, DBA v
qun l ONU. Mi PON TC la chn mt phng thc truyn dn nh ATM, GEM
hoc c hai.
b. Khi u ni cho (cross-connect shell)
Khi u ni cho cung cp ng truyn gia khi PON v khi dch v. Cng
ngh kt ni ph thuc vo cc dch v, kin trc bn trong OLT v cc yu t
khc. OLT cung cp chc nng u ni cho ty thuc vo phng thc truyn dn
la chn (GEM, ATM hay c hai).
c. Khi dch v (service shell)
Khi thnh thc hin chuyn i gia cc giao din dch v v giao din khung TC
ca phn mng PON.

Trang 20/56

4.2.5 Thit b u cui mng ONU/ONT
Hu ht cc khi chc nng ca ONU tng t nh cc khi chc nng ca OLT. Do
ONU hot ng vi mt giao din PON (hoc ti a 2 giao din khi hot ng ch
bo v), chc nng u ni cho (cross-connect function) c th c b qua. Tuy
nhin, thay cho chc nng ny th c thm chc nng ghp v tch knh dch v
(MUX v DMUX) x l lu lng. Cu hnh tiu biu ca ONU c th hin
trong Hnh 6 S cc khi chc nng ONU. Mi PON TC s la chn mt ch
truyn dn ATM, GEM hoc c hai.

Hnh 6 S cc khi chc nng ONU
5 Cc c tnh c bn ca GPON
5.1 Tc bit
V c bn, GPON hng ti tc truyn dn ln hn hoc bng 1.2 Gbit/s. Tuy
nhin, trong trng hp dch v xDSL khng i xng cho FTTH hoc FTTH th
khng cn thit n tc cao nh vy. GPOn nh ngha 7 dng tc bit nh sau:
- ng ln 155 Mbit/s, ng xung 1.2 Gbit/s;
- ng ln 622 Mbit/s up, ng xung 1.2 Gbit/s;
- ng ln 1.2 Gbit/s up, ng xung 1.2 Gbit/s;
- ng ln 1.2 Gbit/s up, ng xung 2.4 Gbit/s;
- ng ln 2.4 Gbit/s up, ng xung 2.4 Gbit/s.
5.2 Khong cch logic
Khong cch logic l khong cch ln nht gia ONU/ONT v OLT ngoi tr
khong vt l. Trong mng GPON, khong cch logic ln nht l 60 km.

Trang 21/56

5.3 Khong cch vt l
Khong cch vt l l khong cch vt l ln nht gia ONU/ONT v OLT. Trong
mng GPON, c hai ty chn cho khong cch vt l v 10 km v 20 km. i vi
vn tc truyn ln nht l 1.25 Gbit/s th khong cch vt l l 10 km.
5.4 Khong cch si quang chnh lch
Trong mng GPON khong cch si quang chnh lch l 20 km. Thng s ny c
nh hng n kch thc vng ph mng v cn tng thch vi tiu chun ITU-T
Rec. G.983.1.
5.5 T l chia
i vi nh khai thc mng th t l chia cng ln cng tt. Tuy nhin t l chia ln th
i hi cng sut quang pht cao hn h tr khong cch vt l ln hn. T l chia
1:64 l t l l tng cho lp vt l vi cng ngh hin nay. Tuy nhin trong cc bc
pht trin tip theo th t l 1:128 c th c s dng.
6 Cu trc phn lp ca mng quang GPON
Cu trc phn lp ca mng GPON c cho trong bng sau:

Lp hi t
truyn dn
(TC-
Transmission
convergence)
Phn lp tng tch
hi t truyn dn
(TC adaption sub-
layer).
Phn lp ng
khung GTC
(GTC framing sub-
layer)
Lp ph thuc phng tin vt l
(Physical Media Dependence)
Bng 4 Cu trc phn lp mng GPON
Chc nng c th ca mi lp v phn lp c phn tch trong cc mc tip theo.
6.1 Lp ph thuc phng tin vt l PMD
Cc thng s ca lp PMD c ch ra sau y v c tham chiu ti cc gi tr
trong ph lc t A n F.
6.1.1 Tc tn hiu danh nh
Tc ng truyn l cc tc bi s ca 8 kHz. H thng c chun ha s c
cc tc danh nh nh sau (ng xung/ng ln):
1244.16 Mbit/s/155.52 Mbit/s,
1244.16 Mbit/s/622.08 Mbit/s,
1244.16 Mbit/s/1244.16 Mbit/s,

Trang 22/56

2488.32 Mbit/s/155.52 Mbit/s,
2488.32 Mbit/s/622.08 Mbit/s,
2488.32 Mbit/s/1244.16 Mbit/s,
2488.32 Mbit/s/2488.32 Mbit/s.
Cc thng s trn l cc gi tr trong trng hp xu nht, gi thit hot ng trong
nhiu loi iu kin mi trng (nhit , m) v chu nh hng ca yu t thi
gian. Cc thng s ny tng ng vi vi cc thng s trong mng quang t
c t l li bit BER 1 10
10
trong trng hp iu kin suy hao v tn sc
ng truyn ln nht.
6.1.2 Phng tin vt l v phng thc truyn
Tn hiu c truyn c hng ln v hng xung bng phng tin truyn dn.
Vic truyn dn song hng c thc hin bng cch ghp knh theo bc sng
WDM truyn trn mt si quang hoc truyn n hng trn hai si quang.
6.1.3 Tc bit
6.1.3.1 Tc ng xung
Tc bit tn hiu t OLT ti ONU l 1244.16 hoc 2488.32 Mbit/s. Khi OLT v
u xa ang hot ng tc danh nh ca n th tc ny c theo di bi
mt ng h lp 1 vi chnh xc 1 10
11
. Khi u xa hot ng ch t do,
tc ca tn hiu ng xung c theo di bi ng h lp 3 vi chnh xc
4.6 10
6
. Khi OLT hot ng ch t do, tc ca tn hiu ng xung c
theo di bi ng h lp 3 vi chnh xc 3.2 10
5
.
6.1.3.2 Tc ng ln
Tc bit tn hiu t ONU ti OLT l 155.52, 622.08, 1244.16 hoc 2488.32 Mbit/s.
Khi ang trng thi hot ng v c cp quyn, ONU s pht tn hiu vi
chnh xc bng chnh xc ca tn hiu thu c ng xung. ONU s khng
pht tn hiu khi khng ang trng thi hot ng hoc khng c cp quyn.
6.1.4 M ha ng dy
M ha ng ln v ng xung s dng m NRZ.
Phng thc ngu nhin ha khng c nh ngha trong lp ph thuc vt l. Quy
nh s dng mc logic quang l:
- pht mc cao cho bit 1
- pht mc thp cho bit 0

Trang 23/56

6.1.5 Bc sng hot ng
6.1.5.1 ng xung
Di bc sng hot ng cho ng xung trong h thng s dng mt si quang l
1480-1500 nm.
Di bc sng hot ng cho ng xung trong h thng s dng hai si quang l
1260-1360 nm.
6.1.5.2 ng ln
Di bc sng hot ng cho ng ln l 1260-1360 nm.
6.1.6 Ngun pht ti giao din O
ld
v giao din O
ru

Cc thng s cho ngun pht c cho sau y v c tham chiu trong cc ph lc
t A n F.
6.1.6.1 Cc loi ngun pht
Ty thuc vo c tnh suy hao/tn sc cc loi ngun pht c th s dng l laser
ch a chiu MLM (Multi-Longitudinal Mode) v laser ch n chiu SLM
(Single-Longitudinal Mode). Ty thuc vo tng ng dng s la chn ngun pht
thch hp. Ngun pht SLM c th c s dng thay cho ngun MLM m khng
lm gim hiu nng ca h thng.
6.1.6.2 c tnh ph
i vi laser MLM, rng ph c tnh bng cn qun phng (RMS) ln nht
ca rng ph trong cc iu kin hot ng chun. rng ph RMS l trung
bnh ca cc lch qun phng chun ca phn b ph. Khi o rng ph RMS
cn tnh n cc trng hp khng thp hn 20 dB so vi mc nh.
i vi laser SLM, rng ph ln nht c tnh bng rng nht ca nh bc
sng trung tm, o t 20 dB thp hn bin ln nht ca bc sng trung tm trong
iu kin hot ng chun. Ngoi ra, kim sot nhiu phn chia ch trong h
thng SLM, cn xc nh gi tr nh nht ca t l nn bin gii phn chia gia hai
ch .
6.1.6.3 Cng sut pht trung bnh
Cng sut pht trung bnh ti giao din O
ld
v O
ru

l cng sut trung bnh ca chui s
gi ngu nhin c pht vo si quang. Cng sut pht trung bnh c cho di
dng mt di cho php ti u ha chi ph v bao gm tt c cc mc cng sut cho
php hot ng trong cc iu kin chun, kt ni my pht suy gim, chu suy hao
php o v yu t lo ha. Lu , khi o cng sut pht ti giao din quang O
ru
cn
tnh n bn cht pht theo cm ca lu lng ng ln do ONU pht.
6.1.6.3.1 Cng sut pht quang khng c u vo ti my pht

Trang 24/56

i vi hng ln, ONU s khng pht cng sut vo si quang ti tt c cc khe
thi gian m ONU c cp pht nhng ONU c th pht mc cng sut quang nh
hn hoc bng cng sut pht khi khng c u vo my pht. ONU s p ng yu
cu trong thi gian ca khe thi gian bo v c phn cho n.
6.1.6.4 T l chnh lch logic
Mc logic quang c quy nh nh sau:
- Mc cao cho logic 1
- Mc thp cho logic 0
T l chnh lch logic EX c nh ngha nh sau:
EX = 10 log
10
(A/B)
Trong A l mc cng sut quang trung bnh ti im gia ca logic 1 v B l
mc cng sut quang trung bnh ti im gia ca logic 0.
T l chnh lch logic cho hng ln c p dng cho bit u tin ca cm mo u
(preamble) ti bit cui cng ca cm tn hiu.
6.1.6.5 H s phn x ln nht ca thit b o ti bc sng my pht
S phn x t thit b ONU/OLT t mng cp quang c xc nh bng h s phn
x ln nht cho php ca thit b o ti giao din O
ld
/O
ru
. Thng s ny s tun theo
Bng 5 Cc thng s lp ph thuc vt l cho mng quang ODN.

Thng s n v Gi tr
Loi cp quang ITU-T Rec. G.652
Di suy hao (ITU-T Rec. G.982) dB Mc A: 5-20
Mc B: 10-25
Mc C: 15-30
Suy hao chnh lch ng truyn
quang
dB 15
Mt mt ng truyn quang ln nht dB 1
Khong cch logic chnh lch ln nht km 20
Khong cch si quang ln nht gia
im tham chiu S/R v R/S
km 20
T l chia nh nht B gii hn bi suy hao ng truyn v
gii hn a ch ONU. PON s dng cc
b chia th ng (chia 16 hoc 32
ng).
Truyn song hng S dng 1 si quang WDM hoc hai si
quang
Bng 5 Cc thng s lp ph thuc vt l cho mng quang ODN

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6.1.7 ng truyn quang gia giao din O
ld
/O
ru
v giao din O
rd
/O
lu

6.1.7.1 Di suy hao
C ba mc ca di suy hao c s dng cho mng quang thu ng :
- 5-20 dB: loi A;
- 10-25 dB: loi B;
- 15-30 dB: loi C.
Cc thng s mc suy hao c tnh ton vi cc gi tr thu c trong trng hp
xu nht bao gm suy hao do u ni, cc b suy hao quang (nu s dng) hoc do
cc thit b quang th ng khc ... bao gm tt c cc trng hp sau:
1) Thay i cu hnh mng cp trong tng lai (thm cc u ni, tng thm
chiu di cp..)
2) Thay i v hiu nng ca cp quang do cc yu t mi trng
3) Suy gim ca cc kt ni, suy hao quang (nu s dng) hoc cc thit b
quang th ng khc gia im tham chiu S v R
6.1.7.2 Suy hao phn x quang nh nht ca mng cp ti im tham chiu
R/S bao gm cc connector
Suy hao phn x quang ton phn ORL (Optical Return Loss) nh nht ti im tham
chiu R/S trong mng ODN phi ln hn 32 dB.
H s phn x ton phn ti im tham chiu S/R cho mt m hnh ODN b chi phi
bi cc connector trong gi phn phi quang ODF (Optical Distribution Frame). H
s phn x ln nht ca mt thnh phn ring l trong mng l -35dB. H s phn x
t 2 connector ODF c th l -32 dB. Tuy nhin ty theo m hnh mng m h s
phn x ton phn c th xu hn -32dB.
6.1.7.3 H s phn x ring l gia im tham chiu S v R
Cc h s phn x ring l trong mng ODN phi tt hn 35 dB.
6.1.8 B thu ti giao din O
rd
v O
lu

6.1.8.1 nhy thu nh nht
nhy thu nh nht c xc nh bng gi tr nh nht c th chp nhn c ca
cng sut thu trung bnh ti im tham chiu R t c t l li bit BER l 10
10
.
nhy thu cn c tnh n mt mt cng sut do s dng my pht trong iu
kin hot ng tiu chun vi t l chnh lch logic, thi gian ln v xung ca xung,
suy hao phn x quang ti im tham chiu S, suy gim connector thu vi cc gi tr
trong trng hp xu nht. nhy thu khng bao gm mt mt cng sut do tn
sc, jitter hoc phn x t ng dn quang, cc yu t ny c tnh ring khi cp
pht mt mt ng truyn quang ln nht. Cc yu t lo ha s c tnh ring do
cc yu t ny thng l vn gia nh cung cp mng v nh sn xut thit b.

Trang 26/56

6.1.8.2 Mc qu ti nh nht
Mc qu ti my thu l gi tr ln nht c th chp nhn c ca cng sut trung
bnh thu c ti im tham chiu R t t l li bit BER 10
10
. My thu s c
mnh nht nh chng li mc cng sut quang tng khi khi ng hoc do xung
t c th xy ra khi ang t mc, trong cc trng hp ny th t l li bit 10
10
s
khng c m bo.
6.1.8.3 Mt mt ng truyn quang ln nht
B thu c th chu c mt mt ng truyn quang khng vt qu 1dB khi tnh
n suy hao ton phn do phn x, can nhiu gia cc tn hiu, tp m. Trong hng
ln cc loi laser c ch ra trong cc ph lc c h s mt mt ng truyn quang
nh hn 1 dB qua mng ODN. Nh ch ra trong lu 4 ph lc D v lu 5 ph lc
F, vic tng mt mt ng truyn quang ti ng ln do tn sc ti tc 622
Mbit/s (hoc ln hn) c th chp nhn c, trong trng hp mt mt ng
truyn quang vt qu 1 dB th s c b bng cch tng cng sut pht nh nht
hoc tng nhy thu nh nht.
6.1.8.4 Khong cch logic ln nht
Khong cch logic ln nht l chiu di ln nht c th t c trong h thng
truyn dn khi khng tnh n qu ng truyn quang. Khong cch logic ln nht
c o bng km v khng b gii hn bi cc thng s ca lp PMD, nhng b gii
hn bi lp hi t truyn dn.
6.1.8.5 Khong cch logic chnh lch ln nht
Khong cch logic chnh lch ln nht l s chnh lch ln nht v logic gia tt c
cc ONU trong cng mng. Khong cch ny c o bng km v khng b gii hn
bi cc thng s ca lp PMD, nhng b gii hn bi lp hi t truyn dn.
6.1.8.6 H s phn x ln nht ca b thu thit b o ti bc sng my thu
S phn x t thit b (ONU/OLT) v pha mng cp c th hin bng h s phn
x cho php ln nht ca thit b o ti giao din O
rd
v O
lu
.
6.1.8.7 Chnh lch mt mt ng truyn quang
Chnh lch mt mt ng truyn quang l s khc nhau ng truyn quang gia
mt mt ng truyn quang thp nht v mt mt ng truyn quang nh nht
trong mt mng ODN. Chnh lch mt mt ng truyn quang ln nht thng l
15 dB.
6.1.8.8 Hiu nng Jitter
Cc yu cu v jitter trong mng GPON bao gm cc thng s sau y:
6.1.8.8.1 Truyn Jitter

Trang 27/56

Cc thng s truyn jitter ch c p dng cho ONU
Hm truyn jitter c nh ngha nh sau:

=
onglen tocdobitdu
ongxuong tocdobitdu
UI xuong duong hieu tin cua jitter
UI len duong hieu tin cua jitter
jitter truyen

10
log 20
Hm truyn jitter ca ONU c th hin trong ph lc I-1, khi jitter tn hiu sin u
vo ln ti mc mt n trong ph lc I-2 c p dng vi cc tham s trong hnh
cho mi tc bit.
6.1.8.8.2 To Jitter
Cc thng s to jitter ch c p dng cho ONU.
ONU s khng to ra jitter t nh ti nh ln hn 0.2 Ui ti tc bit 155.52 hoc
622.08 Mbit/s v khng ln hn 0.33 UI ti tc bit 1244.16 Mbit/s, khng c jitter
i vi u vo ng xung v vi bng tn o theo bng trong ph lc t C n E.
6.1.8.9 Kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging nhau (CID immunity)
OLT v ONU c kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging nhau nh c ch ra trong
bng t ph lc A n ph lc H.
6.1.8.10 Kh nng chu cng sut phn x
Kh nng chu cng sut phn x l t l cho php ca cng sut trung bnh u vo
quang ca giao din O
rd
v O
lu
trn cng sut trung bnh quang phn x khi cc nh
sng phn x l nh sng nhiu ti giao din O
rd
v O
lu
.
Kh nng chu cng sut phn x c nh ngha ti nhy thu nh nht.
6.1.8.11 Cht lng truyn dn v hiu nng li
thit k cu trc khung, phi m bo tiu ca gi tin sao cho t l li bit truyn
dn trong khong 10
6
trnh li hoc down h thng. Cc c tnh li ca lp ph
thuc vt l trong mi trng mng ni ht c th c xem xt nn p dng c ch
sa li i vi cc byte ca tiu .
Cht lng truyn dn trung bnh cn c t l li bit thp hn 10
9
trong ton mng
PON.
6.2 Lp hi t truyn dn GTC
6.2.1 Tng quan
Ngn xp giao thc cho lp hi t truyn dn GPON (GTC) c minh ha trong
Hnh 7 Ngn xp giao thc h thng GTC. Lp GTC bao gm hai phn lp: phn lp
ng khung GTC (GTC framing sub-layer) v phn lp tng tch hi t truyn dn
(TC adaption sub-layer). Nhn t quan im khc th GTC bao gm mt mt qun l
v iu khin C/M thc hin qun l dng lu lng ngi dng, bo mt v cc c
tnh OAM v mt mt phng ngi s dng (U-plane) thc hin truyn lu lng
ngi dng.

Trang 28/56

Trong hnh 7, phn ATM, GEM, OAM v PLOAM trong phn lp ng khung
GTC c phn bit theo v tr trong mt khung tn hiu GTC. Ch c phn OAM
mang thng tin vn hnh, qun l v bo dng c kt cui ti phn lp ng
khung GTC ly cc thng tin iu khin cho phn lp ny v thng tin trong phn
OAM c gn trc tip vo tiu ca khung GTC. Thng tin vn hnh, qun l v
bo dng lp vt l PLOAM (Physical layer Operation Administration and
Maintenance) c x l ti khi PLOAM trong phn lp ny. Cc gi tin dch v
SDU (Service Data Unit) trong phn ATM v GEM c chuyn thnh/t gi tin
giao thc PDU (Protocol Data Unit) ca phn ATM v GEM ti mi phn lp thch
ng hi t tng ng. Ngoi ra cc PDU cn bao gm d liu knh OMCI, c xem
xt phn lp hi t ny v c trao i vi thc th giao din iu khin v qun
l ONU (OMCI-ONU Management and Control Interface). Cc thc th OAM,
PLOAM v OMCI thuc mt qun l v iu khin (C/M plane). Cc SDU ngoi tr
phn OMCI v ATM, GEM thuc mt ngi s dng (U plane).
Lp ng khung GTC l trong sut i vi tt c mi d liu c pht v lp ng
khung GTC trong OLT l lp ngang cp trc tip vi cc lp ng khung GTC trong
ONU.
Khi iu khin cp pht bng tn ng (DBA control) l khi chc nng chung,
c trch nhim cp pht bng tn ng cho ton b cc ONU.

G-PON Physical Media Dependent (GPM) layer

GTC framing sub-layer
ATM TC adapter GEM TC adapter
OMCI adapter
PLOAM
GEM client OMCI ATM client

TC adaptation
sub-layer

G-PON Transmission Convergence (GTC) layer

DBA control

Hnh 7 Ngn xp giao thc h thng GTC
Trong lp hi t GTC, OLT v ONU khng cn thit phi c c 2 ch h tr
giao thc ATM hay GEM. Vic nhn dng ch no ang c yu cu ngay khi
ci t h thng. ONU thng bo ch lm vic ATM hay GEM thng qua bn tin
Serial_Number. Nu OLT c th giao tip vi mt trong s cc ch m ONU a
ra th n s tin hnh thit lp knh giao din iu khin v qun l ONU (OMCI) v

Trang 29/56

thit b ONU s xut hin trong mng. Nu OLT khng h tr ch hot ng m
ONU a ra th ONU s c xp vo hng i nhng s c thng bo khng
tng thch vi h thng ang hot ng.
6.2.2 Ngn xp giao thc trong mt phng iu khin/qun l (C/M planes)
Mt phng iu khin v qun l trong phn lp GTC bao gm 3 phn:
- OAM v PLOAM: qun l cc chc nng ph thuc phng tin vt l PMD v
cc lp GTC.
- OMCI: cung cp h thng qun l ng b cc lp cao hn (lp dch v)
Knh OAM c thc hin bi cc thng tin trong tiu ca khung GTC. Knh
ny c ng truyn vi tr nh truyn cc thng tin iu khin khn cp v mi
mu tin u c nh x vo mt trng ring bit trong tiu ca khung GTC. Cc
chc nng s dng knh ny bao gm: chc nng cp pht bng thng, chc nng
chuyn mch chnh, chc nng bo hiu cp pht bng tn ng. Cc thng tin chi
tit v knh ny s c cp n trong mc v chi tit khung GTC.
Knh PLOAM bao gm cc thng tin c dnh ring ch trong khung GTC.
Knh ny c dng cho tt c cc thng tin qun l GTC v PMD khc khng c
gi qua knh OAM.
Knh OMCI c dng qun l cc lp dch v nm trn lp GTC. GTC cung
cp 2 la chn v giao din truyn ti cho lu lng qun l ny l ATM v GEM.
Chc nng GTC cung cp phng tin cu hnh cc knh ty chn ny sao cho
p ng c kh nng ca thit b bao gm nhn dng lung giao thc truyn ti
(VPI/VCI hoc Port-ID).
Cc khi chc nng ca mt C/M c ch ra trong hnh 8.

Trang 30/56

BW granting
Key switching
DBA

Multiplexing based on frame location
PLOAM
partition

ATM partition

GEM partition

Frame
header

Alloc-ID
filter

Embedded
OAM

ATM TC adapter

GEM TC adapter

VPI/VCI
filter

Port-ID
filter

OMCI adapter

OMCI

PLOAM

GTC framing sub-layer
TC adaptation sub-layer
Alloc-ID
filter

Hnh 8 Cc khi chc nng trong mt iu khin v qun l
6.2.3 Ngn xp giao thc trong mt phng ngi dng
Lung lu lng trong mt phng ngi dng c xc nh bng loi lu lng
(ATM hoc GEM) v tn lung o (VPI) hay nhn dng cng (Port-ID). Hnh 8 tng
kt cc nhn dng theo lu lng v theo VPI/Port-ID. Loi lu lng c th hin
phn ng xung hoc s nhn dng ng ln (allocation ID hay Alloc-ID)
mang d liu. Port-ID gm 12 bit c dng xc nh lung trong trng hp lu
lng l GEM. VPI c s dng i vi trng hp lu lng l ATM.
T-CONT l khi truyn dn (transmission container) bao gm nhiu lung lu
lng, c xc nh bi nhn dng Alloc-ID. T-CONT c chc nng cp pht bng
tn v iu khin QoS bng cch cp pht bng tn vi s khe thi gian khc nhau.
Lu lng ATM v GEM khng th c cng nhn dng Alloc-ID.

Trang 31/56

Hnh 9 Ngn xp giao thc cho mt phng ngi dng

Tng kt cc hot ng trong mi lung lu lng nh sau:
1) Lu lng ATM trong lp GTC
ng xung, cc t bo ATM c truyn trong phn ATM (ATM partition)
ti tt c cc ONU. Phn lp ng gi ONU thu cc t vo v b tng thch hi t
truyn dn ATM (ATM TC adapter) lc cc t bo da trn nhn dng ng o VPI.
Ch c cc t bo vi VPI thch hp mi c a ti chc nng ATM client.
ng ln, lu lng ATM c truyn trong mt hoc nhiu T-CONTs. Mi
T-CONT c lin kt vi mt lu lng ATM hoc GEM duy nht. OLT nhn cc
thng tin gn vi T-CONT c nhn dng l Alloc-ID, v cc t bo c chuyn tip
ti b thch ng hi t truyn dn ATM (ATM TC adapter) v sau n ATM
client.
2) Lu lng GEM trong lp GTC
ng xung, cc khung GEM c truyn trong phn GEM (GEM partition)
v ti tt c cc ONU. Phn lp ng gi ONU lc cc khung v b tng thch hi
t truyn dn GEM (GEM TC adapter) lc cc t bo da trn port-ID. Ch c cc

Trang 32/56

khung c Port-ID thch hp mi c cho chuyn ti chc nng GEM client.
ng ln, lu lng GEM c truyn trn mt hoc nhiu T-CONT. Mi T-
CONT c lin kt vi mt lu lng ATM hoc GEM duy nht. OLT nhn cc
thng tin gn vi T-CONT, v cc t bo c chuyn tip ti b thch ng hi t
truyn dn GEM (GEM TC adapter) v sau n GEM client.
6.2.4 Cc chc nng chnh h thng GTC
Sau y l hai chc nng chnh ca lp hi t truyn dn mng GPON (GTC)
6.2.4.1 iu khin truy nhp phng tin (Media access control flow)
Lp GTC thc hin iu khin truy nhp cho lu lng ng ln. V c bn
cc khung d liu ng s ch ra v tr lu lng ng ln s c php truyn
trong cc khung ng ln c ng b vi cc khung ng xung.

Hnh 10 iu khin phng tin trong h thng GTC (one T-CONT per ONU case)
Khi nim iu khin truy nhp phng tin trong h thng GTC c minh ha
trong hnh 10. OLT gn cc con tr (pointer) vo khi iu khin vt l ng xung
PCBd, con tr ny cho bit thi gian ONU bt u v kt thc vic truyn d liu.
Vi cch ny, ch mt ONU c th truy nhp phng tin ti thi im bt k, v
khng c xung t trong qu trnh truyn. Cc con tr trong cc byte thng tin cho
php OLT iu khin phng tin hiu qu ti bng tn c nh 64 kbit/s. Tuy nhin
mt s OLT c th chn cch thit lp cc gi tr cho con tr ti cc tc ln hn v
thc hin iu kheienr bng tn bng c ch ng.
Vic iu khin truy nhp phng tin c thc hin trong mi T-CONT tuy
nhin trong hnh 9 khng minh ha trng hp ONU ch c 1 T-CONT.

Trang 33/56

6.2.4.2 ng k ONU
Vic ng k ONU c thc hin trong th tc discovery t ng. C hai
phng thc ng k ONU. Trong phng thc A, s serial ca ONU c ng k
ti OLT qua h thng qun l (NMS hoc EMS). Trong phng thc B, s serial ca
ONU khng c ng k ti OLT qua h thng qun l.
6.2.5 Cc chc nng ca cc phn lp trong h thng GTC
6.2.5.1 Phn lp ng khung GTC (GTC framing sub-layer)
Phn lp ng khung GTC thc hin ba chc nng sau y:
1. Ghp knh v phn knh
Cc thnh phn PLOAM, ATM v GEM c ghp knh vo khung TC ng
xung ty theo thng tin v ranh gii trong tiu ca khung. Mi thnh phn c
trch ra t mt ng ln ty theo ch th trong tiu .
2. To tiu v gii m
Tiu khung TC c to v nh dng trong khung ng xung. Tiu
trong khung ng ln c gii m.
3. Chc nng nh tuyn ni b da trn Alloc-ID
nh tuyn da trn Alloc-ID c thc hin i vi d liu n/t b thch ng
hi t truyn dn ATM v GEM
6.2.5.2 Phn lp thch ng GTC v giao din vi cc thc th lp trn
Phn lp thch ng bao gm 3 b thch ng phn lp hi t: b thch ng hi t
truyn dn ATM (ATM TC adapter), b thch ng hi t truyn dn GEM (GEM TC
adapter) v b thch ng giao din iu khin qun l ONU (OMCI adapter). Cc b
thch ng hi t ATM v GEM xem xt cc PDU ca phn ATM v GEM trong
phn lp ng khung GTC v nh x cc PDU vo tng phn.
Cc b thch ng cung cp giao din sau y cho cc thc th lp trn:
1) Giao din ATM
Phn lp ng khung GTC v b thch ng hi t truyn dn ATM lin kt vi n
cung cp cc giao din TAM chun theo tiu chun ITU-T Rec. I.432.1 cho cc
dch v ATM. Cc thc th lp ATM thng c th c s dng nh l cc
ATM client.
2) Giao din GEM
B thch ng hi t truyn dn GEM c th c cu hnh tng thch cc
khung vo nhiu loi giao din truyn khung khc nhau.
Cc b thch ng cn nhn dng cc knh OMCI theo tn knh o/tn ng o
(VPI/VCI) i vi ATM v theo Port-ID i vi GEM. B thch ng OMCI c th
trao i d liu knh OMCI cho cc b thch ng ATM TC v GEM TC. B thch
ng OMCI nhn d liu t cc b thch ng TC ny v truyn n ti thc th OMCI
v chuyn d liu t thc th OMCI ti cc b thch ng TC ny.

Trang 34/56

6.2.6 Dng lu lng v cht lng dch v QoS
Mc ny a ra mi quan h gia lp GTC v lu lng ngi dng, v cc c im
v cht lng dch v QoS do GTC qun l trong mng PON.
6.2.6.1 Mi lin h gia GTC v qun l d liu ngi dng
1. Dch v ATM
H thng GTC thc hin qun l lu lng i vi cc T-CONT v mi T-CONT
c nhn dng bi 1 Alloc-ID. Mt T-CONT c th bao gm 1 hoc nhiu ng
o v mi ng o VP c th bao gm mt hoc nhiu knh o VC. OLT gim st
lu lng trn mi T_CONT v thc hin iu chnh vic cp pht bng tn sao cho
ti nguyn mng PON c phn b hp l. H thng GTC khng theo di v duy tr
cc mi lin h QoS gia cc VP v VC m cc ATM client ti mi u cui ca
mng PON s thc hin chc nng ny.
2. Dch v GEM
H thng GTC thc hin qun l lu lng i vi cc T-CONT v mi T-CONT
c nhn dng bi 1 Alloc-ID. Mt T-CONT c th bao gm 1 hoc nhiu GEM
Port-ID. OLT gim st lu lng trn mi T_CONT v thc hin iu chnh vic cp
pht bng tn sao cho ti nguyn mng PON c phn b hp l. H thng GTC
khng theo di v duy tr cc mi lin h QoS gia cc Port-ID m cc GEM client
ti mi u cui ca mng PON s thc hin chc nng ny.
6.2.6.2 Khi nim cp pht ti nguyn
Ti nguyn c th c cp pht cho cc lin kt logic theo phng thc tnh hoc
ng. Trong trng hp cp pht ti nguyn ng, OLT s kho st tnh trng tc
nghn bng cch kim tra cc bo co cp pht ti nguyn ng (DBA) t ONU
v/hoc t chnh lung lu lng ti. Do OLT c th cp pht y ti nguyn
cho cc ONU. Cc chc nng chnh ca b cp pht ti nguyn ng DBA trong
GPON c cho trong bng 6.
G-PON DBA
n v iu khin T-CONT
Nhn dng T-CONT Alloc-ID
n v bo co - T bo ATM i vi phn ATM
- Cc khung c di c nh (mc nh
l 48 bytes) i vi phn GEM
C ch bo co Trng OAM (bo co bng tn ng
ng ln DBRu) trong ch 0 v bo
co trng thi loi T-CONT l phng thc
mc nh.
Bo co DBRu trong ch 1 v 2 v bo
co DBA cua ONU l phng thc ty
chn.
Th tc trao i G-PON OMCI

Trang 35/56

Lu :
ch 0: gi 2 byte DBRu
Chi tit v cc ch c tham chiu n ti liu ITU-T G.984.3 mc
8.4.2
Bng 6 Cc chc nng chnh ca G-PON DBA
Trong trng hp cp pht bng tn tnh, OLT s cp pht bng tn theo bng tn
cung cp, chi tit phng thc ny tham chiu n ti liu ITU-T G.983.1
6.2.6.3 m bo cht lng dch v QoS
Chc nng cp pht ti nguyn ng DBA cung cp nhiu loi QoS khc nhau. Lp
hi t GPON a ra 5 loi T-CONT vi cc c tnh tng t nh T-CONT trong
tiu chun ITU-T G.983.4 nh sau:
T-CONT loi 1: c bng tn c nh, bng tn c dnh ring v c cp pht theo
chu k vi tc c nh v tr truyn dn c iu khin. Cc tham s m t v
lu lng cho T-CONT loi 1 l bng tn c nh: t trc. T-CONT loi 1 c th
p ng vi mi loi QoS. Cc OLT khng h tr DBA c th s dng T-CONT loi
1 m bo QoS. Cc OLT c h tr DBA s dng T-CONT loi 1 ny h tr
lu lng thi gian thc. Cc OLT h tr DBA lun cung cp bng tn c nh cho
cc kt ni trn T-CONT loi 1 m khng cn kim tra c thng tin cn truyn hay
khng.
T-CONT loi 2: c bng tn cung cp c m bo. Bng tn c m bo ngha
l bng tn trung bnh c cp pht c nh trong cc khong thi gian xc nh.
Bng tn ny khc vi bng tn c nh trong T-CONT loi 1 c iu khin cho
mt di tr nh. T-CONT loi 1 m bo tr truyn v s thay i tr v tc
truyn cn T-CONT loi 2 ch m bo tc truyn. Ch cc OLT h tr DBA mi
h tr T-CONT loi 2. Cc tham s m t v lu lng cho T-CONT loi 2 l: bng
tn m bo: t trc. ng dng cho T-CONT loi 2: c th h tr tt c cc mc
QoS tr mc 1 (dch v phi thi gian thc).
T-CONT loi 3: c bng tn m bo v bng tn khng m bo. T-CONT loi 3 s
c cp pht bng tn tng ng vi bng tn c m bo ch khi n c cc
gi tin cn truyn tc tng ng hoc ln hn bng tn c m bo.
Bng tn khng m bo s c cp pht T-CONT loi 3 vi bng tn m bo
ang yu cu thm bng tn tng ng vi bng tn c m bo ca cc T-CONT
ring l trong mng PON, chng hn theo phng thc vng trn Round Robin. Tng
bng tn m bo v bng tn khng m bo cp pht cho T-CONT loi 3 khng
vt qu bng tn ti a (gi tr t trc). Thng s m t lu lng cho T-
CONT loi 3 l: bng tn m bo: t trc, bng tn khng m bo: cp pht
ng, bng tn ti a: t trc. ng dng cho T-CONT loi 3: c th h tr tt c
cc mc QoS tr mc 1 (dch v phi thi gian thc).

Trang 36/56

T-CONT loi 4: c n lc cho bng tn tt nht (best-effort) nhng bng tn khng
c m bo cung cp. T-CONT loi 4 ch s dng bng tn khng c cp pht
c nh, bng tn m bo hay bng tn khng m bo cho cc loi T-CONT khc
trong mng PON. Bng tn best-effort c cp pht u nhau cho cc T-CONT loi
4, v d theo phng thc vng trn Round robin, cho ti khi cp pht n bng tn
ti a. Thng s m t lu lng cho T-CONT loi 4 l: Bng tn best-effort: cp
pht ng, bng tn ti a: t trc.
T-CONT loi 5: c th p ng tt c cc loi QoS c cp trong mng PON. T-
CONT loi 4 cn c th c bin i thnh cc loi T-CONT khc. Thng s m t
v lu lng cho T-CONT loi 5 l: bng tn c nh: t trc, bng tn m bo:
t trc, bng tn khng m bo: cp pht ng, bng tn n lc tt nht: cp pht
ng, bng tn ti a: t trc. T-CONT loi 5 c th h tr mi ng dng thi gian
thc hay ng dng m bo ti nguyn. C ch truyn cc gi tin trong T-CONT v
cc chnh sch cung cp m bo QoS lp ATM ph thuc vo vic trin khai
thit b ONU/ONT.
Trong trng hp truyn dn l ATM vic cp pht ti nguyn c thc hin s
dng VCC hoc VPC. VCC v VPC c nh dng bi cc thng s m t lu
lng v c truyn trong cc T-CONT ty theo yu cu QoS. C ch nh x gia
m bo QoS v loi T-CONT do nh iu hnh qun l.
Trong trng hp truyn dn l GEM th cc t bo ATM c thay th bng cc
khi tin c chiu di c nh. Cc kt ni GEM c xc nh bng cng c th c
nh dng lu lng bi cc thng s m t lu lng v c th c truyn trong
mt loi T-CONT.
6.2.7 Cp pht bng tn ng DBA
Trong c ch cp pht bng tn ng, khi cc gi tin GEM c di thay i th s
c chun ha thnh cc khi c di c nh.
This clause describes DBA specifications for G-PON. G-PON DBA for ATM is the
same as ITU-T Rec. G.983.4 except for management issues, such as negotiation
procedure. G-PON DBA for GEM also adopts the same architecture as ITU-T
Rec. G.983.4 as the default method. In short, even when variable length packets are
supported in GEM, these packets are normalized by the fixed length data block in
DBA operations. In short, the number of blocks is mapped into the number of cells in
ITU-T Rec. G.983.4.
6.2.7.1 Yu cu cp pht bng tn ng
Cc chc nng DBA c thc hin i vi mi loi T-CONT. Cc chc nng ny
c phn loi thnh cc phn sau:
- Pht hin trng thi tc nghn do OLT v/hoc ONU thc hin
- Bo co trng thi tc nghn ti OLT
- Cp nht bng tn cp pht bi OLT theo cc tham s c cung cp

Trang 37/56

- OLT thc hin cp quyn theo bng tn c cp nht v theo loi T-
CONT
- Qun l i vi hot ng DBA
DBA cung cp cc tnh nng bo m QoS di dng cc loi T-CONT nh nu
phn trn.
6.2.7.2 Cc loi T-CONT v tham s hot ng
Trong GPON DBA c 5 loi T-CONT nh nu chi tit trn. Mi loi T-CONT
c m t bng cc tham s hot ng ring. Tuy nhin n v ca tham s hot
ng c ch ra nh sau:
- i vi ATM: s lng t bo.
- i vi GEM: s lng khi c chiu di c nh.
i vi GEM, khi c chiu di c nh do OMCI tha thun c chiu di mc nh
l 48 byte.
6.2.7.3 Hot ng DBA
Hot ng DBA bao gm 2 ch : DBA bo co trng thi (SR-DBA) v DBA
khng bo co trng thi (NSR-DBA) trong mi T-CONT. Chc nng bo co DBA
l tu chn i vi ONU. Cc OLT bt buc phi h tr c ch bo co v khng
bo co, do vy tt c cc ONU c cung cp cc mc i vi chc nng DBA.
Cc ch ny c th hin bng tnh hung dch v v kh nng ca ONU c
cho trong bng sau y.

SR ONU NSR ONU
DBA OLT SR-DBA hoc/v NSR-DBA NSR-DBA
Bng 7 Tng kt cc ch hot ng DBA
Hot ng ca mi ch c tng kt nh sau:
1) SR-DBA
bo co trng thi tc nghn ca T-CONT, khi mt T-CONT gi d liu ng
ln t ONU ti OLT, s lng t bo hay khi tin trong b m T-CONT c thit
lp trong trng DBA ca bo co bng tn ng ln DBRu. Nu OLT khng mun
cho php truyn d liu cho T-CONT, OLT c th cp thi gian cho ring bo co
DBRu . Tuy nhin, c th c trng hp OLT nhn c bo co nhng khng p
dng bo co i vi vic cp nht bng tn. Mt khc, nu mt T-CONT khng
th bo co s t bo hay gi tin c lu tr trong b m, n s gi ti OLT mt
m s khng c gi tr trong trng DBA. Hnh 10 tng kt cc hot ng DBA.
Trong ch ny, vic truyn trng tin DBA trong DBRu l bt buc nu OLT yu
cu v nu thiu trng DBA, khun dng ca d liu ng ln khng c nhn ra.
2) NSR-DBA
OLT nhn dng trng thi tc nghn ca tng T-CONT bng cch gim st dng lu

Trang 38/56

lng n. Trong ch ny, trng DBA trong DBRu khng c gi i do OLT s
khng yu cu. Trong tnh hung ngoi l khi OLT yu cu DBRu th ONU phi gi
bn tin ny mc d ni dung thng tin s b OLT b qua.

Hnh 11 Tng kt hot ng SR-DBA
6.2.7.4 Kha cnh qun l
hot ng c ch DBA c mt s thng s cn c cung cp v tha thun bi
cc chc nng qun l. OLT v ONU s dng cc chc nng qun l tha thun v
ch hot ng DBA, v p li thch hp vi cc yu cu ca hai bn. Tt c cc
thng s DBA s c cung cp v tha thun bi giao din iu khin qun l ONU
ca GPON (GPON OMCI).
6.2.8 Cu trc khung GTC
Hnh 12 ch ra cu trc khung hi t truyn dn lp GTC cho ng ln v ng
xung.

Hnh 12 Cu trc khung hi t truyn dn lp GTC

Trang 39/56

Khung ng xung bao gm khi iu khin vt l ng xung (PCBd), phn
ATM (ATM partition) v phn GEM (GEM partition). Khung ng ln bao gm
nhiu cc cm truyn dn. Mi cm ng ln s bao gm ti thiu l tiu lp vt
l PLOu, ngoi ti tin cm ng ln cn c th bao gm phn Oam lp vt l
PLOAMu, chui mc cng sut ng ln PLSu v phn bo co bng tn ng
ng ln. Khung ng xung cung cp tham chiu thi gian chung cho ton mng
PON v cung cp bo hiu iu khin chung cho ng ln.
Khi nim iu khin truy nhp phng tin c minh ha trong Hnh 13 Khi nim
iu khin truy nhp phng tin hi t truyn dn lp GTC. Vic sp xp cc trng
trong hnh c n gin ha cho vic minh ha.

Hnh 13 Khi nim iu khin truy nhp phng tin hi t truyn dn lp GTC
OLT gi con tr (pointer) trong khi iu khin vt l ng xung PCBd ch
ra thi im m mi ONU c th bt u v kt thc vic truyn d liu ng ln.
Bng cch ny, ti mi thi im ch c mt ONU duy nht c th truy nhp phng
tin v khng c va chm trong qu trnh hot ng bnh thng. Cc con tr c
cho di dng n v l byte, cho php OLT iu khin phng tin theo cc mc
bng tn c nh 64 kbit/s. Tuy nhin, mt s OLT c th la chn thit lp cc
con tr v kch thc khe thi gian theo mc ln nht v iu khin bng tn tt hn
thng qua lp lch ng. Hnh 13 ch ra trng hp con tr (pointer) c pht theo
th t tng nhng y khng phi l yu cu bt buc ca giao thc.
6.2.8.1 Cu trc khung ng xung
V d cu trc khung ng xung c cho trong Hnh 14 Cu trc khung ng
xung hi t truyn dn lp GTC. Khung c chiu di 125 us cho c tc d liu
1.24416 Gbit/s v 2.48832 Gbit/s do khung di 19440 byte trong h thng tc

Trang 40/56

1.24416 Gbit/s v di 38880 byte trong h thng tc . Chiu di ca PCB ng
xung l nh nhau cho c hai tc v ph thuc vo s lng cu trc cp pht i
vi mi khung.

Hnh 14 Cu trc khung ng xung hi t truyn dn lp GTC
6.2.8.2 Cu trc khung ng ln
V d cu trc khung ng ln c cho trong Hnh 15 Cu trc khung ng ln
GTC.

Hnh 15 Cu trc khung ng ln GTC
di khung bng di ca khung ng xung i vi cc loi tc . Mi khung
bao gm cc truyn dn cho mt hoc nhiu ONU. BWmap (nh x bng tn) thc
hin sp xp cc truyn dn ny. Trong qu trnh cp pht bng tn theo s iu khin
ca OLT, ONU c th pht t 1 ti 4 loi tiu PON v d liu ngi dng. Cc
loi tiu ny nh sau:
1. Tiu lp vt l ng ln (PLOu);
2. Qun l vn hnh v bo dng lp vt l ng ln (PLOAMu);
3. Chui nh mc cng sut ng ln (PLSu);
4. Bo co bng tn ng ng ln (DBRu).
Hnh 16 Tiu khung ng ln GTC ch ra chi tit ni dung ca cc tiu ny.

Trang 41/56

Hnh 16 Tiu khung ng ln GTC
OLT s dng trng flag trong Bwmap ch ra thng tin PLOAMu, PLSu hay
DBRu s c truyn trong mi ln cp pht bng tn hay khng. Lch truyn cc
thng tin ny trong OLT cn phi tnh n nhu cu v bng tn v tr ca cc knh
ph thuc khi thit lp tn s truyn dn.
Mi khi mt ONU n lt s dng phng tin mng PON t mt ONU khc, n
phi gi mt bn copy mi ca thng tin tiu lp vt l ng ln PLOu. Trong
trng hp mt ONU c nhn 2 nhn dng cp pht (Alloc ID) lin tip (thi gian
kt thc ca 1 nhn dng nh hn 1 so vi thi gian bt u ca nhn dng tip theo),
th ONU s b qua vic gi thng tin PLOu cho nhn dng cp pht th 2. ONU c
th b qua vic gi ny nhiu ln bng vi s nhn dng cp pht m OLT cp cho
n. Yu cu cp pht quyn truy nhp lin tc gip OLT trnh vic b qua cc
khong trng gia cc ln truyn ca cng mt ONU. Cc cp pht truy nhp phi
lin tc hoc theo lch trnh nu chng xut pht t hai ONU khc nhau.
Sau tiu truyn dn l d liu ti tin ca ngi dng c gi cho n khi vic cp
pht c ch nh bi con tr kt thc (StopTime pointer).

7 Bo v i vi phn mng quang th ng PON
i vi ngi qun tr mng truy nhp, kin trc bo v ca mng GPON cn thit
trong vic tng cng tin cy cho mng truy nhp. Tuy nhin, vic trin khai
mng bo v cn c xem xt nh mt c ch ty chn v vic ny ph thuc vo
iu kin kinh t ca tng nh khai thc mng. Mc ny a ra mt s cu hnh mng
bo v kp c th s dng cho h thng GPON.
7.1 Cc dng chuyn mch bo v
C hai loi chuyn mch bo v tng t vi chuyn mch bo v trong h thng
SDH:
- Chuyn mch t ng
- Chuyn mch bt buc
Chuyn mch t ng c kch thch khi pht hin ra cc li nh mt tn hiu, mt
khung, gim tn hiu (t l li bit BER thp hn mc ngng quy nh) ...

Trang 42/56

Chuyn mch bt buc c kch hot trong qu trnh qun tr mng nh nh tuyn
li tuyn quang, thay th si quang...
C hai loi chuyn mch ny u c th thc hin trong mng GPON nu c yu
cu tuy y l cc chc nng ty chn. C ch chuyn mch thng c thc hin
bi chc nng OAM, do trng thng tin OAM cn c t ch trong khung
OAM.
Hnh 17 M hnh h thng bo v kp m t m hnh h thng bo v kp cho mng
truy nhp. Cc phn lin quan n vic bo v trong mng GPON c th l mt phn
bo v gia giao din ODN trong OLT v giao din ODN trong ONU qua mng
ODN, khng bao gm giao din SNI trong OLT
Figure 3 shows the duplex system model for the access network. The relevant part of
the protection in the GPON system should be a part of the protection between the
ODN interface in the OLT and the ODN interface in the ONU via the ODN,
excluding the SNI redundancy in the OLT.

Hnh 17 M hnh h thng bo v kp
7.2 c im v cu hnh mng GPON kp
Mt s kiu h thng GPON kp c cho trong cc hnh t 18 n 2`. Giao thc
iu khin cho mi cu hnh s c a ra c lp cho tng loi. V d, h thng
kp trong hnh 18 khng yu cu giao thc chuyn mch i vi OLT/ONU v
chuyn mch y ch p dng cho si quang. Cn trong hnh 19, cu hnh ny
khng yu cu giao thc chuyn mch v chuyn mch ch c thc hin trong
OLT.
7.2.1 Cc kiu cu hnh chuyn mch
Loi A: c th hin trong hnh 18, l cu hnh chuyn mch kp i vi si quang.
Trong trng hp ny ONU v OLT l cu hnh n.
Loi B: c th hin trong hnh 19, l cu hnh kp i vi OLT v si quang gia
OLT v b chia quang, b chia quang c hai cng u ra/u vo pha OLT. Cu
hnh ny gim chi ph nhn i s lng ONU tuy ch c pha OLT l c th khi
phc c.
Loi C: c th hin trong hnh 20, l cu hnh kp c pha OLT v ONU. Trong
cu hnh ny, vic khc phc s c ti mt im bt k u c th thc hin bng cch

Trang 43/56

chuyn mch sang h thng standby. V vy, cu hnh kp y c chi ph cao
nhng an ton cao.
Loi D: c th hin trong hnh 21. Nu ONU c ci t trong ta nh ca khch
hng , c th i dy kp trong ta nh. Ngoi ra, nu mi ONU do mt ngi dng s
hu ring, tin cy ca h thng s ph thuc vo tng ngi dng v s lng gii
hn cc ONU c th c trong cu hnh kp. Cu hnh ny cho php nhn i mt
phn v pha ONU. Hnh 21 cho thy mt v d trong c ONU kp v ONU n.
Nguyn tc hot ng nh sau:
- S dng hai b chia quang N:2 kt ni b kt cui ng dy LT(0) trong
ONU#1 ti b chia N(0) v LT(1) trong ONU#1 ti b chia N(1).
- Kt ni LT trong ONU#N ti mt trong cc b chia
- S dng hai b chia quang N:2 kt ni LT(0) trong ONU#1 ti b chia
- S dng hai b chia quang 2:1 kt ni LT(0) trong OLT ti b chia (0) v
LT(1) trong OLT ti b chia (1)
- S dng hai b chia quang N:2 v hai b chia quang 2:1 trong mt cng ca b
chia (1) c kt ni ti b chia N(0) v mt cng ca b chia (0) kt ni ti b
chia N(1)
- S dng phng thc ch ch trong c OLT v ONU trnh va chm tn hiu
quang t LT(0) v LT(1) trong OLT hoc LT(0) v LT(1) trong ONU#1.

Hnh 18 H thng GPON kp: h thng quang kp

Trang 44/56

Hnh 19 H thng GPON kp: OLT kp

Hnh 20 H thng GPON kp: h thng kp ton b

Hnh 21 H thng GPON kp: cu hnh kp mt phn

Trang 45/56

7.2.2 Cc c im
Loi A: Trong trng hp ny, mt tn hiu v mt khung l khng th trnh c
trong qu trnh chuyn mch quang. Tuy nhin, tt c mi kt ni gia nt dch v v
thit b u cui s c gi li sau khi chuyn mch quang.
Loi B: cu hnh ny yu cu ch ch lnh i vi mch d phng pha OLT.
Trong trng hp ny, mt tn hiu hoc mt khung nhn chung l khng th trnh
c trong qu trnh chuyn mch. Tuy nhin, tt c mi kt ni gia nt dch v v
thit b u cui s c gi li sau khi chuyn mch quang.
Loi C: trong trng hp ny, ch ch nng i vi c mch thu d phng c th
thc hin c pha ONU v OLT. Ngoi ra chuyn mch khng va chm (khng c
mt khung) cng c th thc hin trong cu hnh ny.
Loi D: loi ny c c im ging loi B.

7.3 Cc yu cu i vi chuyn mch bo v
- Chc nng chuyn mch bo v nn l chc nng ty chn
- C chuyn mch t ng v chuyn mch bt buc c th trong h thng
GPON nu cu thit mc d y l cc chc nng ty chn
- Mi cu hnh nu trn u c th trin khai mc d y l cc chc nng
ty chn
- C ch chuyn mch thng c thc hin bi chc nng OAM, v vy,
trng thng tin OAM phi c d tr trong khung OAM.
- Mi kt ni gia nt dch v v thit b u cui phi c gi sau khi
chuyn mch.
Ty theo yu cu cui cng vic trin khai nt dch v POTS yu cu qu trnh mt
khung phi nh hn 120 ms. Nu thi gian mt khung di hn khong thi gian ny,
nt dch v s ct kt ni v yu cu thit lp li cuc gi sau khi chuyn mch bo
v. Do GPON h tr pht trin cc dch v hin ti nh POTS v ISDN, cn phi
xem xt thi gian ngt kt ni ny.
7.4 Cc trng thng tin yu cu trong khung OAM
Do c tnh tng t nh chuyn mch bo v trong h thng SDH, chuyn mch bo
v trong h thng GPON yu cu t hn 10 m s dng trong c ng ln v ng
xung nhn dng trng thng tin trong khung OAM. Do vy cn phi xem xt
vic nh x trng thng tin trong khung OAM cho chuyn mch bo v.
7.5 Bo mt
Do c tnh pht multicast (pht ti nhiu a ch) ca mng PON, GPON cng cn
cc c ch bo mt m bo yu cu sau:
- Ngn chn ngi dng khc gi m d liu ng xung
- Ngn chn ngi dng khc gi mo ONU/ONT hay ngi dng khc
- Cho php trin khai vi chi ph hiu qu

Trang 46/56

8 Ph lc A - Cc thng s giao din quang ng xung tc 1244 Mbit/s

Thng s n v H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
B pht OLT Transmitter
(giao din quang O
ld
)
Tc bit danh nh Mbit/s 1244.16 1244.16
Bc sng hot ng nm 1480-1500 1260-1360
M ha ng dy NRZ ngu nhin NRZ ngu nhin
S mt n mt pht Ph lc G Ph lc G
H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN
ti giao din O
lu
v O
ld
(Lu 1 v 2)
dB Ln hn 32 Ln hn 32
Cc loi ODN A B C A B C
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht dBm 4 +1 +5 4 +1 +5
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht dBm +1 +6 +9 +1 +6 +9
T l chnh lch dB Ln hn 10 Ln hn 10
Mc chu nh hng ti cng sut my
pht ph
Vi Laser SLM rng ln nht
20 dB (Lu 3)
nm 1 1
Vi Laser SLM T l nn nh nht dB 30 30
B thu ONU (Giao din quang O
rd
)
H s phn x ca thit b o ti bc
sng my thu
dB Nh hn 20 Nh hn 20
T l li bit BER Nh hn 10
10

Nh hn 10
10

nhy nh nht dBm 25 2
5
26 25 25 25
Qu ti nh nht dBm 4 4 4
(Lu 4)
4 4 4
Kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging
nhau
bit Ln hn 72 Ln hn 72
Kh nng chng jitter Ph lc I Ph lc I
Kh nng chu cng sut phn x dB Nh hn 10 Nh hn 10
Lu 1 Gi tr H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti giao din O
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
phi ln
hn 20 dB trong cc trng hp c nu trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix I/G.983.1.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr h s phn x b pht ONU cho trng hp H s phn x quang nh nht ca
ODN ti giao din O
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
l 20 dB c m t trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix
II/G.983.1.
Lu 3 Gi tr rng ln nht -20 dB v t l nn nh nht c tham chiu ti tiu chun ITU-T Rec.
G.957.
Lu 4 Mc qu ti 6 dBm c yu cu trong ODN loi C, gi tr qu ti -4dBm c la chn
y dng chung cho b thu ONU trong tt c cc loi ODN.

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9 Ph lc B - Cc thng s giao din quang ng xung tc 2488 Mbit/s

Thng s n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
B pht OLT Transmitter
(giao din quang O
ld
)
Bc sng hot ng nm 1480-1500 1260-1360
S mt n mt pht Ph lc G Ph lc G
ti giao din O
lu
v O
ld
(Lu 1 v 2)
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht dBm 0 +5 +3
(Lu 4)
0 +5 +3
(Lu 4)
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht dBm +4 +9 +7
(Lu 4)
+4 +9 +7
(Lu 4)
pht ph
Vi Laser SLM rng ln nht
20 dB (Lu 3)
nm 1 1
Vi Laser SLM T l nn nh nht dB 30 30
B thu ONU (giao din quang O
rd
)
sng my thu
10
Nh hn 10
10

nhy nh nht dBm 21 21 28
(Lu 4)
21 21 28
(Lu 4)
Qu ti nh nht dBm 1 1 8
(Lu 4)
1 1 8
(Lu 4)
nhau
bit Ln hn 72 Ln hn 72
Kh nng chng jitter Ph lc I Ph lc I

Trang 48/56

Thng s n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
phi ln
ODN ti giao din O
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
II/G.983.1.
Lu 3 Gi tr rng ln nht -20 dB v t l nn nh nht c tham chiu ti tiu chun ITU-T
Rec. G.957.
Lu 4 Cc gi tr trong bng c gi thit s dng laser DFB cng sut cao cho b pht OLT v b
thu da trn APD cho ONU. Khi s dng laser DFB v cng ngh khuch i quang bn dn SOA hoc
i t laser cng sut cao hn cho b pht OLT, cho php b thu da trn PIN cho ONU, cc gi tr ny
c th l:
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht cho b pht OLT: +12 dBm
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht cho b pht OLT: +8 dBm
nhy thu nh nht cho ONU: 23 dBm
Qu ti nh nht cho b thu ONU: 3 dBm

10 Ph lc C Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 155 Mbit/s

Thng s n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
B pht ONU (giao din quang O
ru
)
Bc sng hot ng nm 1260-1360 1260-1360
S mt n mt pht Ph lc H Ph lc H
H s phn x ln nht ca thit b o ti bc
sng my pht
dB Nh hn 6 Nh hn 6
H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti
giao din O
lu
v O
ld
(Lu 1 v 2)
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht dBm 6 4 2 6 4 2
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht dBm 0 +2 +4 1 +1 +3
Cng sut quang pht khi khng c tn hiu u
vo my pht
dBm Nh hn nhy nh
nht 10
Nh hn nhy
nh nht 10
Cho php pht ln nht bits 2 2
B cng sut pht ln nht bits 2 2
Mc chu nh hng ti cng sut my pht
ph
Vi Laser SLM rng ln nht 20 dB
nm 5.8 5.8

Trang 49/56

Thng s n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Vi laser SLM rng ln nht 20 dB
(Lu 3)
nm 1 1
Vi laser SLM T l nn nh nht dB 30 30
Truyn jitter Ph lc I Ph lc I
To Jitter trong di tn 0.5 kHz to 1.3 MHz UI p-p 0.2 0.2
B thu OLT (Giao din quang O
lu
)
H s phn x ca thit b o ti bc sng
my thu
10
Nh hn 10
10

nhy nh nht dBm 27 30 33 27 30 33
Qu ti nh nht dBm 5 8 11 6 9 12
Kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging nhau bit Ln hn 72 Ln hn 72
Kh nng chu cng sut phn x dB Nh hn10 Nh hn 10
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
phi ln
ODN ti giao din O
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
II/G.983.1.
G.957.

11 Ph lc D Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 622 Mbit/s

1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
ru
)
Bc sng hot ng (lu 5) nm MLM loi 1 hoc
SLM: 1260~1360
MLM loi 2:
1280~1350
MLM loi 3:
1288~1338
MLM loi 1 hoc
SLM: 1260~1360
MLM loi 2:
1280~1350
MLM loi 3:
1288~1338
H s phn x ln nht ca thit b o ti
bc sng my pht
dB Nh hn 6 Nh hn 6
H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti
giao din O
lu
v O
ld
(Lu 1 v 2)

Trang 50/56

1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht dBm 6 1 1 6 1 1
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht dBm 1 +4 +4 1 +4 +4
Cng sut quang pht khi khng c tn hiu
u vo my pht
dBm Nh hn nhy nh
nht 10
Nh hn nhy nh
nht 10
Cho php pht ln nht bits 8 8
B cng sut pht ln nht bits 8 8
Mc chu nh hng ti cng sut my pht
ph
Vi Laser MLM rng ln nht 20 dB
(lu 4)
nm MLM loi 1: 1.4
MLM loi 2: 2.1
MLM loi 3: 2.7
MLM loi 1: 1.4
MLM loi 2: 2.1
MLM loi 3: 2.7
Vi laser SLM rng ln nht 20 dB
nm 1 1
Truyn Jitter Ph lc I Ph lc I
To Jitter trong di tn 0.5 kHz to 1.3 MHz UI p-p 0.2 0.2
B thu OLT (giao din quang O
lu
)
H s phn x ca thit b o ti bc sng
my thu
10
Nh hn 10
10

nhy nh nht dBm 27 27 32 27 27 32
Qu ti nh nht dBm 6 6 11 6 6 11
Kh nng chng cc bit lin tip ging nhau bit Ln hn 72 Ln hn 72
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
phi ln
ODN ti giao din O
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
II/G.983.1.
G.957.
Lu 4 Cc loi b pht p ng yu cu rng ph hp hn c cho php di bc sng trung tm
rng hn. Cc loi laser trn c h s mt mt ng truyn nh quang hn 1 dB qua mng ODN. C
th s dng cc loi laser c thng s quang khc nhng phi tha mn cc iu kin sau y:
1) Ton b di bc sng khng vt qu 1260~1360 nm
2) Cc mt mt trong ng truyn quang tng qu 1 dB s c n b bng cch tng cng sut pht
nh nht hoc tng nhy thu nh nht.

Trang 51/56

12 Ph lc E- Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 1244 Mbit/s

Thng s n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
ru
)
Bc sng hot ng nm 1260-1360 1260-1360
H s phn x ln nht ca thit b o ti
bc sng my pht
dB Nh hn 6 Nh hn 6
ti giao din O
lu
v O
ld
(Lu 1 v 2)
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht dBm 3
(Lu 4)
2 +2 3
(Lu 4)
2 +2
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht dBm +2
(Lu 4)
+3 +7 +2
(Lu 4)
+3 +7
Cng sut quang pht khi khng c tn
hiu u vo my pht
dBm Nh hn nhy nh nht
10
Nh hn nhy nh nht
10
Cho php pht ln nht (lu 3) bits 16 16
B cng sut pht ln nht (lu 3) bits 16 16
pht ph
Vi Laser MLM rng ln nht
20 dB
nm (Lu 4) (Lu 4)
Vi laser SLM rng ln nht
20 dB
nm 1 1
Truyn Jitter Ph lc I Ph lc I
To Jitter trong di tn 4.0 kHz ti
10.0 MHz
UI p-p 0.33 0.33
lu
)
sng my thu
10
Nh hn 10
10

nhy nh nht dBm 24
(Lu 5)
28 29 24
(Lu 5)
28 29

Trang 52/56

Thng s n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
Qu ti nh nht dBm 3
(Lu 5)
7 8 3
(Lu 5)
7 8
nhau
Bit Ln hn 72 Ln hn 72
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
phi ln hn
20 dB trong cc trng hp c nu trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix I/G.983.1.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr h s phn x b pht ONU cho trng hp H s phn x quang nh nht ca ODN ti
giao din O
ru
v O
rd
v O
lu
v O
ld
l 20 dB c m t trong ph lc tiu chun Appendix II/G.983.1.
G.957.
Lu 4 Cc loi laser MLM khng h tr khong cch si quang trong Bng 5 Cc thng s lp ph thuc
vt l cho mng quang ODN c th c s dng nu khong cch si cp quang trong mng ODN gia im
tham chiu R/S v S/R gii hn trong 10 km. Cc loi laser trong ph lc D c th c trin khai h tr
khong cch si quang ny vi tc 1244.16 Mbit/s. Cc loi laser ny c p dng cho cc iu kin nh
trong lu 4 ca Ph lc D Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 622 Mbit/s.
Lu 5 Cc gi tr trong bng c gi thit s dng b thu da trn PIN cho OLT i vi loi A. Ty thuc
vo s lng ONU kt ni ti OLT, c th s dng b thu da trn APD cho OLT cho php s dng laser
kinh t hn cng vi cc ONU c cng sut pht nh hn. Trong trng hp ny, cc gi tr cho ODN loi A l:
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht cho b pht ONU: - 7 dBm
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht cho b pht ONU: -2 dBm
nhy thu nh nht cho OLT: 28 dBm
Qu ti nh nht cho b thu OLT: 7 dBm


Trang 53/56

13 Ph lc F Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc 1244 Mbit/s
s dng c ch nh mc cng sut pht cho ONU

Thng s n
v
H thng dng
1 si quang
H thng dng
2 si quang
ru
)
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht dBm 2
(Lu 2)
2 +2 2
(Lu 2)
2 +2
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht dBm +3
(Lu 2)
+3 +7 +3
(Lu 2)
+3 +7
lu
)
nhy nh nht dBm 23
(Lu 2)
28 29 23
(Lu 2)
28 29
Qu ti nh nht dBm 8
(Lu 2)
13 14 8
(Lu 2)
13 14
Lu 1 Bng ny ch ra cc thng s Ph lc E- Cc thng s giao din quang cho ng ln tc
1244 Mbit/s c s thay i do s dng c ch nh mc cng sut pht cho ONU, ngha l cng sut pht
ca b pht OUN v nhy v qu ti b thu OLT. Cc thng s v lu khc s p dng gi tr nh
trong ph lc E.
Lu 2 Cc gi tr trong bng c p dng vi gi thit s dng b thu da trn PIN cho OLT i vi
mng ODN loi A. Ty thuc vo s lng ONU kt ni ti OLT c th trin khai b thu da trn APD
cho OLT, cho php s dng cc laser kinh t hn vi cng sut pht thp hn ti ONU. Trong trng hp
ny, cc gi tr cho ODN loi A s l:
Cng sut pht trung bnh nh nht cho b pht ONU: - 7 dBm
Cng sut pht trung bnh ln nht cho b pht ONU: -2 dBm
nhy thu nh nht cho OLT: 28 dBm
Qu ti nh nht cho b thu OLT: 10 dBm
Tc ng ca c ch nh mc cng sut khng nhiu, do gii hn v cng sut nh nht pht m bo
s mt (eye-diagram).


Trang 54/56

14 Ph lc G Mt n s mt cho tn hiu ng xung

1244.16 Mbit/s 2488.32 Mbit/s
x1/x4 0.22/078 --
x2/x3 0.40/0.60 --
x3-x2 -- 0.2
y1/y2 0.20/0.80 0.25/0.75

* B suy hao s c s dng khi cn thit
** Tn s cut-off (tn s suy hao 3 dB) ca b lc bng 0.73 ln tc bit danh nh
u ra
B pht
quang
B suy
hao*
B chuyn i
quang in **
B to
dng sng

Trang 55/56

15 Ph lc H Mt n s mt cho tn hiu ng ln

155.52 Mbit/s 622.08 Mbit/s 1244.16 Mbit/s
x1/x4 0.10/0.90 0.20/0.80 0.22/078
x2/x3 0.35/0.65 0.40/0.60 0.40/0.60
y1/y4 0.13/0.87 0.15/0.85 0.17/0.83
y2/y3 0.20/0.80 0.20/0.80 0.20/0.80

* B suy hao s c s dng khi cn thit
** Tn s cut-off (tn s suy hao 3 dB) ca b lc bng 0.73 ln tc bit danh nh
u ra

B pht
quang
B suy hao B chuyn i
quang in
B to
dng sng

Trang 56/56

16 Ph lc I Jitter i vi ONU
G.984.2_F04
fc
1000
2000
Frequency
0.1
0.1
1244.16
2488.32
Downstream bit rate (Mbit/s)
J
i
t
t
e
r

g
a
i
n

[
d
B
]
P
Slope = 20 dB/dec
fc [kHz] P [dB]

I-1. Truyn jitter i vi ONU
G.984.2_F05
A2
A1
f0 ft Frequency
500 50 0.075 0.75 1244.16
1000 100 0.075 0.75 2488.32
slope = 20 dB/dec
I
n
p
u
t

j
i
t
t
e
r

a
m
p
l
i
t
u
d
e
Downstream bit rate (Mbit/s) ft [kHz] f0 [kHz] A1 [UIp-p] A2 [UIp-p]

I-2. Mt n kh nng chu jitter i vi ONU

FTTH

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