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Original Swedish Transcription: Andreas Engstrom English Translation: Keith Farrell Version: 02 Date: 3rd February 2011
Version: 02 Date: 3rd February 2011 Swedish Transcription: Copyright c Andreas Engstrm, 2008 o English Translation: Copyright c Keith Farrell, 2011 Typesetting: Copyright c Academy of Historical Arts, 2011 Version: 01 Date: 11th December 2010 Swedish Transcription: Copyright c Andreas Engstrm, 2008 o English Translation: Copyright c Keith Farrell, 2010 Typesetting: Copyright c Academy of Historical Arts, 2010
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Contents
1 Folios 10v-11v Explanation of the Markverses 2 Folios 11v-13r Good General Lessons 3 Folios 13r-14r A Further Lesson 4 Folios 14r-14v Another Lesson 5 Folios 14v-16v Before and After 6 Folios 16v-17v The Five Cuts 7 Folios 17v-19r Techniques of the Markverses 8 Folios 19r-20v The Wrath Strike 9 Folios 20v-22r A Good Lesson 10 Folios 22r-22v Winding 11 Folios 22v-23v The Four Openings 12 Folios 23v-24v Doubling and Mutating 13 Folios 24v-27r The Crooked Strike 14 Folios 27r-29v The Crosswise Strike 15 Folios 29v-31r Feinting and the Turner 16 Folios 31r-32v The Squinting Strike 17 Folios 32v-33v The Parting Strike 18 Folios 33v-34v The Four Guards 19 Folios 34v-36v The Four Displacements 20 Folios 36v-37v Following After 21 Folios 39r-39v Following After 22 Folios 37v-38r The Outer Takings 23 Folios 38r-39r Feeling and Instantly 24 Folio 39v Reaching-Over 25 Folios 40r-40v Setting Aside 1 3 6 9 12 15 19 22 25 29 32 35 38 41 48 55 60 65 69 72 78 81 83 86 89 91
26 Folios 40v-41r Changing Through 27 Folios 41r-41v Twitching 28 Folios 42r-44v Running Through 29 Folios 44v-46r Slicing 30 Folios 46r-46v The Two Hangings 31 Folios 47r-47v The Speaking Window 32 Folios 47v, 123r Long Point 33 Folios 123v-124r Markverse Summary 34 Folios 124r-124v, 48r-48v Windings 35 Folios 49r-51r The Sweeps 36 Folios 51r-51v From Setting Aside 37 Folios 51v-52r The Barrier Guard 38 Folios 52r-52v The Little Wheel 39 Folios 52v-54v Counters 40 Folios 57r-58r The Wrath Point 41 Folios 58r-59v Crooked Strike Displacements
94 96 99 108 113 116 119 122 125 128 133 135 138 140 143 146
Swedish Transcription
Hr brjar frklaringen av lroverserna. a o o a I vilken st nedtecknad den ridderliga l ar angsvrdskonsten, diktad och a skapad av Johannes Liechtenauer, som var en stor mstare i konsten, a m Gud vara honom n a adig. Han lt skriva lroverserna med gmda och frdolda ord, s att kona a o o a sten inte skulle bli allmnt knd. Och dessa gmda och frdolda ord a a o o har mster Sigmund Ringeck, fktmstare den hgvlborne fursten a a a at o a och herren Herr Aulbrecht, pfalzgreve till Rhen och hertig ver Bayern, o nedtecknat och frklarat i denna lilla bok som nu fljer, s att varje o o a fktare som annars kan fktas, vl skall kunna ta till sig och frst den. a a a o a Fretalet till lroverserna. o a Unge riddare, lr a att alltid ra kvinnor och ha Gud kr a a s vxer din ra. a a a Ova ridderskap och lr a konst som upphjer dig, o och i kampen till ra smickrar dig. a Brottas vl, fatta a lans, spjut och svrd a och anvnd kniv manligt. a Hugg in h dr! Storma fram: art a Tra eller missa; a De erfarna hatar den som sker trnga dem. o a Detta skall du frst o a: all konst har lngd och m a att.
English Translation
Here begins the explanation of the markverses. In which lies recorded the knightly art of the longsword, composed and formed by Johannes Liechtenauer, who was a great master in the art, may God be merciful to him. He wrote the markverses with deep and hidden words, so that the art would not be widely known. And these deep and hidden words have been by Master Sigmund Ringeck, fencing master to the highborn prince and noble Lord Albrecht, Count Palatine of Rhine and Duke of Bavaria, recorded and explained in this little book which now follows, so that every ghter who otherwise can ght, shall be able to take these and understand them. Foreword to the markverses. Young knight, learn to always honour women, and love God, so increase your honour. Practice chivalry and learn arts which improve you and in the battle bring honour. Wrestle well, understand the lance, spear and sword and use the knife like a man. Cut ercely! Storm forwards: Hit or miss; The well-experienced hate that which seeks to cut them. This you shall understand: all arts have length and measure.
Swedish Transcription
Om m angen god allmn lektion om l a angsvrdet. a Vill du sk skicklighet, ada Se till att vnster g och hger med huggen. a a, o Och vnster med hger, a o om du vill fktas kraftfullt. a Detta r l a angsvrdets frsta lektion; att du skall lra dig att hugga p a o a a rtt stt fr b sidorna, s att du kan fktas kraftfullt och korrekt. a a an ada a a Nr du vill hugga fr hger sida, se till att din vnstra fot st frmst; a an o a ar a och nr du vill hugga fr vnster sida, se till att din hgra fot st a an a o ar frmst. a Hugger du d ett Oberhau fr hger sida, flj efter hugget med den a an o o hgra foten. Gr du inte detta r hugget falskt och d o o a aligt, eftersom din hgra sida blir kvar baktill. Hugget blir d fr kort, och kan inte flja sin o a o o rtta bana ner till den korrekta andra sidan framfr den vnstra foten. a at o a Likas ar hugget felaktigt, om du hugger fr vnster sida och inte fljer a an a o efter hugget med vnster fot. S mrk vl, fr vilken sida du n hugger, a a a a an a att den foten fljer efter hugget. P det sttet kan du korrekt utfra o a a o alla dina tekniker kraftfullt. Och p samma stt skall ven alla andra hugg utfras. a a a o
English Translation
Many good general lessons about the longsword. If you would like to see skill, see that you go to the left then right with the cuts. And left with right, if you want to ght strongly. This is the longswords rst lesson; that you shall learn to cut properly from both sides, so that you can ght strongly and correctly. When you want to cut from the right side, stand with your left foot forwards; and when you want to cut from the left side, stand with your right foot forwards. If you cut with an Oberhau from the right side, follow after the cut with your right foot. If you do not do this then the cut is poor and insincere, because your right side lingers behind. Then the cut becomes too short and cannot follow the correct arc down towards the other side, in front of the left foot. Similarly the cut is incorrect if you strike from the left side and do not follow after the cut with the left foot. So mark well, from which side you strike, that the foot follows after the cut. In this manner you can perform all of your techniques correctly and with strength. And in the same way should all the other cuts be performed.
Swedish Transcription
En ytterligare lektion. Den som g efter huggen ar kan fga gldjas sin skicklighet o a at Hugg nra inp gr vad du vill a a, o s kommer ingen vxling genom ditt frsvar. a a o Mot huvudet, mot kroppen avst inte fr snabba attacker. a an Fktas med hela kroppen a om du vill gra det kraftfullt. o Nr du kommer mot honom i Zufechten skall du inte avvakta hans hugg, a och inte heller vnta och se vad han tnker gra mot dig. Alla fktare a a o a som avvaktar och vntar p den andres hugg, och inte gr annat an att a a o avvrja; de f fga gldjas den sortens skicklighet eftersom de genom a ar o a at den ofta blir besegrade. Fktas alltid med hela din kropps styrka! Hugg honom nra inp mot a a a huvudet och mot kroppen, s kan han inte vxla igenom framfr din a a o spets. Och nr hugget hamnat i bindning skall du inte avst fr att att a a an snabbt gra ltta attacker mot nrmaste blotta, s som hrnst kommer o a a a a a att beskrivas i de fem huggen och andra tekniker.
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English Translation
A further lesson. He who goes after the cut, receives little joy from his skills. Cut closely, then do what you want so he will not be able to change-through your defence. Strike to the head, to the body, do not refrain from swift strikes. Fence with the whole body if you want do this with strength. When you come against him in Zufechten you shall not await his attack, and neither shall you wait to see what he is thinking about doing to you. All fencers who are hesitant and wait for the incoming attack, and do nothing other than to ward it away, they gain very little joy from this sort of practice because they are often beaten. Always ght with the strength of the whole body! Cut close into him, to the head and to the body, so he cannot change-through in front of your point. And when the cut ends up in the bind you shall not hesitate but shall quickly and uently make attacks against the nearest opening, using the ve strikes and other techniques that will be described later.
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Swedish Transcription
En lektion till. Hr vad som r d o a aligt, fktas inte fr vre vnster om du r hgerhnt, a an o a a o a och om du r vnsterhnt, a a a a r du till hger ocks helt lam. o a Denna lektion gller tv personer: en vnsterhnt och en hgerhnt. a a a a o a Nr du kommer mot honom i Zufechten, om du r hgerhnt och vill a a o a hugga honom, s hugg inte ditt frsta hugg fr vnster sida. Detta a o an a eftersom det ar svagt och inte kan h emot om han binder starkt mot alla det. Drfr, hugg fr hger sida, s kan du arbeta kraftfullt och skicka o an o a ligt i bindningen och gra vad du vill. o Likas om du ar vnsterhnt, hugg heller inte fr hger, eftersom a, a a an o konsten ar helt galen nr en vnsterhnt frsker fktas fr den hgra a a a o o a an o sidan. Detsamma gller en hgerhnt fr den vnstra sidan. a o a an a
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English Translation
Another lesson. Hear what is bad, do not fence from the left if you are right-handed, and if you are left-handed, you are weak from the right. This lesson applies to two types of people: those who are left-handed and those who are right-handed. When you come against him in Zufechten, if you are right-handed and want to strike him, you must not throw your rst cut from your left side. That is because this is weak and cannot bring strength to bear if he binds the strong of his blade against you. Therefore, cut from your right side, so you can be strong and skillful in the bind and can do as you will. Similarly, if you are left handed, do not cut from the right, because the art is pointless when a left-hander tries to fence from the right side. Likewise this statement applies to a right-hander fencing from the left side.
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Und wenn du die ding recht verstest, so magstu mit kunst wol arbaitten und dich damit wren; und frba lernen frsten und herren, das sie o u u mit der selbigen kunst wol mgen besten in schimp und in ernst. u Aber erschreckstu gern, so saltu die kunst des fechtens nitt lernen. Wann ain blds, verzags hertz, das tut kain gut, wann es wirt by aller kunst o geschlagen.
Swedish Transcription
En lektion om Vor och Nach. Vor och Nach, dessa tv ting, a a r all skicklighets urprung. Svag och stark, Indes mrk vl det ordet. a a S kan du lra a a att med skicklighet arbeta och vrja dig. a Blir du ltt skrmd, a a lr dig aldrig n a agonsin n agon fktning. a Mrk vl att du mer an n a a agot annat m frst Vor och Nach, aste o a eftersom dessa tv ar grunden som all fktning utg fr a a ar an. Mrk allts Vor betyder att du alltid skall frekomma med ett hugg a a: o eller stick mot hans blottor, innan han gr detsamma mot dina. D o a m aste han avvrja dig! Och arbeta inkt i avvrjningen och fr ditt a a o svrd fr en blotta till en annan, s kan han inte f tillflle att utfra a an a a a o sina egna tekniker innan ditt arbete. Men rusar han inp dig, frekom honom med brottnigen. a o Mrk, vad som kallas Nach a Mrk, att om du inte kan komma i Vor, s vnta p Nach. Detta a a a a ar kontringarna mot alla tekniker som han gr mot dig. o
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Nr han frekommer dig s att du m avvrja honom, s arbeta Ina o a aste a a des inkt med avvrjningen mot hans nrmaste blotta, s trar du a a a a honom innan han kan slutfra sin teknik. Drigenom vinner du Vor o a och han blir lmnad i Nach. Du skall ocks veta, hur du kan anvnda a a a devisen Indes mot hans svaga och starka del av svrdet. a Fr svrdets hjalt till klingans mitt har svrdet sitt starka, varmed du an a a kan h emot nr n alla a agon binder mot det. Och vidare, fr mitten till an spetsen har det sitt svaga, som inte kan h emot. alla Och nr du verkligen frst dessa saker kan du arbeta med skicklighet a o ar och vrja dig vl, och sedan lra furstar och herrar, s att de med samma a a a a skicklighet vl kan bevara sig i lek och allvar. a Men om du ltt blir skrmd skall du inte lra dig fktkonst, eftersom a a a a ett vekt och frskrmt hjrta det hjlper dig inte det blir av all o a a a skicklighet besegrat.
English Translation
A lesson about Before and After. Before and After, these two things, all other skills spring from these. Weak and Strong, Instantly, mark well these words. So you can learn to work skillfully and defend yourself. If you become gentle and timid, you will never learn anything about fencing. Mark well that more than anything else you must understand Before and After, because these two concepts are the grounding from which all fencing comes. Mark also: Before means that you shall always perform a strike or thrust against his openings, before he does the same to you. Then he 17
must defend against you! And work deftly both in the defence and in moving your sword from one opening to another, so he cannot have the chance to perform his own techniques between yours. But if he rushes in close to you, deal with him through wrestling. Mark, that which is called After. Mark, that if you cannot come in the Before, wait for the After. This will defeat all techniques that he does against you. When he comes at you so that you must defend yourself against him, so work deftly in the Instant with your defence against his nearest opening, so strike him before he can nish his technique. Thus you win the Before and he is left in the After. You shall also know how you can use the Instant against his weak and strong parts of the sword. From the hilt of the sword to the blades centre the sword is strong, and with this you can meet against his blade when you bind against it. And further, from the middle to the point the sword is weak, which should not be brought against his blade. And when you really understand these things you can work skillfully and defend yourself well, and later teach princes and lords, so that they with these same skills can protect themselves well in play and earnest. But if you become ghtened easily you should not learn ghting arts, because a weak and frightened heart it does not help you it defeats all of your skills.
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Swedish Transcription
De fem huggen. Fem hugg lr fr hgra handen. a an o Den som kan frsvara sig mot dessa, o den skall vi bermma, o hans skicklighet grna belna. a o Mrk vl, lroverserna framlgger fem hemliga hugg, som m a a a a anga svrdsmstare a a inte vet att tala om. Du skall inte lra dig hugga andra hugg nr du a a kommer fr den hgra sidan mot dem som stller sig mot dig i frsvar. an o a o Och frsk om du kan att tra motst o o a andaren med frsta slaget med o ett av dessa fem hugg. Den som kan kontra dessa mot dig utan att bli skadad skall bermmas av lroversernas mstare, d hans skicklighet o a a a skall belna honom mer an en annan fktare, som inte kan fktas mot o a a de fem huggen. Och hur du skall hugga de fem huggen nner du hrefter a nedtecknat i dessa samma fem hugg.
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English Translation
The ve cuts. Learn ve cuts from the right hand. He who can defend himself with these, he should be praised, his skill rewards him well. Mark well, the teaching verses present ve secret cuts, which many swordmasters do not know to speak about. You will learn not to strike any other cuts when you come from the right side against one who stands against you in defence. And try if you can to hit an opponent with the rst strike using one of these ve cuts. The one who can counter with these against an opponent without being hurt will be praised by the master of the markverses, and his skill shall reward him more than another fencer who cannot fence with the ve cuts. And how you shall throw the ve cuts you will nd hereafter recorded in the verses that talk about these same ve cuts.
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Swedish Transcription
Lroversernas tekniker. a Zornhau, Krumphau, Zwerch, Schiller, med Schaitler bryt Alber, flj efter, n ver, hugg, o ao vxla igenom, ryck, a rusa igenom, skr av, tryck hnderna, a a hnganden, och med blottor, a hugg, f anga, svep och stick med sttar o Hr skall namnges de korrekta huvudteknikerna i l a angsvrdets konst, a vad vart och ett srskilt heter med sitt namn fr att du skall frst dem a o o a desto bttre. De r sjutton till antalet och brjar med de fem huggen. a a o Det frsta hugget heter Vredeshugget (Zornhau), o det andra Krumhugget (Krumphau), det tredje Tvrshugget (Zwerchhau), a det fjrde Spanarhugget (Schielhau), a det femte Delarhugget (Scheitelhau); det sjtte: det r de fyra garderna (Vier Leger), a a det sjunde de fyra Versetzen (Vier Versetzen), det attonde efterfljandet (Nachreissen), o det nionde overn aendet (Uberlaufen), det tionde sidosttandet (Absetzen), a det elfte genomvxlandet (Durchwechseln), a det tolfte ryckandet (Zucken), det trettonde genomlpandet (Durchlaufen), o det fjortonde avskrandet (Abschneiden), a det femtonde handtryckandet (Hende drcken), u det sextonde hngandena (Hengen), a det sjuttonde: det ar vindningarna (Winden) Och hur du med hnganden och vindningar skall blotta dig, och hur du a skall utfra alla dessa frutnmnda tekniker, allt det nner du hrefter o o a a nedtecknat.
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English Translation
The techniques of the markverses. Wrath strike, crooked strike, crosswise, squinting, with Parting breaking the Fool, follow after, go over, cut, change through, twitch, rush in, slice, press the hands, hanging guard, and with openings, strike, catch, sweep and thrust with the point. Here are listed the correct and most important techniques in ghting with the longsword, they are named specically so that you may understand them better. They are seventeen in number and begin with the ve cuts. The rst cut is called the wrath strike [Zornhau], the second is the crooked strike [Krumphau], the third is the crosswise strike [Zwerchau], the fourth is the squinting strike [Schielhau], the fth is the parting strike [Scheitelhau], the sixth: these are the four guards [Vier Leger], the seventh is the four displacements [Vier Versetzen], the eighth is travelling after [Nachreissen], the ninth is the over reaching [Uberlaufen], the tenth is the setting aside [Absetzen], the eleventh is changing through [Durchwechseln], the twelfth is the twitching [Zucken], the thirteenth is the running through [Durchlaufen], the fourteenth is the cutting [Abschneiden], the fteenth is the hand pressing [Hende Drcken], u the sixteenth is the hanging [Hengen], the seventeenth: this is the windings [Winden]. And how you will perform the hanging and windings, and how you shall perform all these named techniques, all this you will nd written hereafter.
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stich, so plyb also sten in dem winden und setz ihm den ort niden zwischen sinen armen und der brust. Ain bruch wider da abnemen. Mrck, wenn du mit ainem starck am schwert bindest, ruckt er dan sein o schwert ubersich, oben abe von dinem schwert, und hawt dir zu der anderen sytten am schwert wider eyn zu dem kope, so bind starck mit der langen schnyden ihm oben eyn zu dem kope.
Swedish Transcription
Zornhau med dess tekniker. Den som hugger fr ovan, an zornhau hotar honom med spetsen. Nr n a agon hugger mot dig fr ovan fr hger sida, s hugg in ett an an o a kraftfullt Zornhau med den l anga eggen fr din hgra axel. an o Ar han d vek i bindningen, stt d in spetsen lngs klingan mot hans a o a a ansikte, och hota att stta honom. o En annan teknik fr Zornhau. an Mrkerer han detta, a s tag bort ovan utan fara. a Nar du stter efter ett Zornhau och han blir varse spetsen och kraftfullt o avvrjer stten, s ryck ditt svrd upp ver och bort fr hans svrd a o a a at, o an a och hugg honom emot den andra sidan av hans svrd uppifr in mot a an huvudet.
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Annu en teknik fr Zornhau. an Bli starkare emot och stt! Om han mrker det, tag det nedan. o a Nr du hugger in mot honom med ett Zornhau och han avvrjer det och a a stannar kvar starkt mot dig i bindningen, s bli stark emot honom a ater i bindningen och far upp med ditt svrds starka mot hans svrds a a svaga och vinda i bindningen ditt hjalt framfr ditt huvud, och stt o o honom uppifr i ansiktet. an Annu en teknik fr Zornhau. an Nr du anvnder vindningen mot honom och stter uppifr som a a o an nmnts ovan och han far upp hgt med hnderna och anvnder hjala o a a tet fr att avvrja din ovre stt, s bli st o a o a aende i vindningen och stt din o spets ned mellan hans armar och brstet. at o En kontring mot borttagandet. Nr du binder starkt mot n a agon och han rycker sitt svrd upp bort a at fr och over ditt svrd och i bindningen hugger mot dig p andra sidan an a a svrdet mot huvudet, s bind starkt med den l a a anga eggen uppifr in an mot hans huvud.
English Translation
Do the Zornhau (wrath strike) with these techniques. That which cuts from above, the Zornhau threatens him with the point. When someone cuts ahainst you from above from their right side, so cut with a strong Zornhau with the long edge from your right shoulder.
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If he is weak in the bind, thrust in with the point along his blade to his face, and threaten to stab him. Another technique from the Zornhau. If he recognises this, so lift o above without danger. When you thrust after a Zornhau and he becomes aware of the point and strongly defends against the thrust, twitch your sword up, over and away from his sword and cut him on the other side of his sword up into his head. Another technique from the Zornhau. Become stronger against and thrust! If he marks this, take it below. When you cut in against him with a Zornhau and he defends himself and holds backs, strong against you in the bind, so become strong again against him in the bind and push up with the strong of the sword against the weak of his sword, and wind your hilt high in front of your head, and thrust down from above into his face. Another technique from the Zornhau. When you use the winding against him and thrust down from above as mentioned already and he pushes up high with the hands and uses the hilt to defend against your upper thrust, so stand in the winding and thrust your point downwards between his arms and chest. A counter to the taking-away. When you bind strongly against him and he twitches away his sword up and over your sword and in the bind cuts against you on the other side of your sword to your head, so bind (strike) strongly with the long edge in against his head.
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Swedish Transcription
En bra lektion. Mrk att va detta: a o hugg, sttar, garder mjukt eller h o art. Indes och Vor, Nach utan br adska. Sk dig inte in i nrstrid frhastat. o a o Den som siktar p nrstrid a a ovan, blir utskmd nedan. a Nr n a agon binder mot ditt svrd med ett hugg eller stt eller annat skall a o du mycket noga lgga mrke till om han r mjuk eller h i bindnina a a ard gen. Och nr du mrker detta, skall du Indes veta vad som ar bst, a a a att attackera honom med Vor eller Nach. Men du skall i attacken inte vara frhastad med att g in i nrstrid, eftersom nrstriden inte r o a a a a n agot annat an vindningarna i bindningen. Utfr nrstrid s hr: Nr du hugger mot honom med ett Zornhau, s o a a a a a fort han d avvrjer skall du fara ordentligt upp med armarna och vinda a a mot hans svrd din spets in mot den vre blottan. a o Avvrjer han denna stt, bli st a o aende i vindningen och stick med spetsen mot de nedre blottorna. Fljerl han d vidare efter ditt svrd med avvrjningen, s far under o a a a a hans svrd med din spets igenom till den andra sidan och hng din a a spets ovan in mot den andra blottan, p hans hgra sida. a o P s stt blir han utskmd i nrstrid b ovan och nedan, eftersom a a a a a ade du till skillnad fr honom korrekt kan utfra rrelserna. an o o
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English Translation
A good lesson. Note to train this: cut, thrusts, guards soft and hard. Instant and Before, After without hurry. Do not seek close combat prematurely. Those who aim for close combat before they are ready, are cut down. When one binds against your sword with a cut or thrust or anything else, you must nd out whether he is soft or hard in the bind. And when you nd this, you will Instantly know what is best to do, to attack him with Before or After. But in the attack you shall not be too hasty to go into close combat [Krieg], because close combat is nothing other than the windings in the bind. Perform close combat like this: when you cut against him with a Zornhau, when he defends himself quickly, you shall go up in an orderly fashion with the arms and wind against his sword with your point in against the upper opening. If he defends against this thrust, stand in the winding and thrust with the point into the lower openings. If he follows further after the sword in self defence, go under his sword with the point through to the other side and hang your point over in against the other opening on his right side. In this way he will be cut down in close combat both above and below, because you (unlike he) can perform the movements correctly.
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Swedish Transcription
Hur man i alla vindningar skall nna rtt hugg och sttar. a o I alla vindningar rtt lr att nna hugg och stt a a o Du skall ocks med a prva hugg, stt eller skr o o a i alla kamper om du vill narra mstarna. a Det vill sga att du i alla vindningar skall nna rtt hugg, stt eller skr a a o a s alunda: nr du vindar, skall du omedelbart frnimma vilket av de tre a o som verkar bst att anvnda. S att du inte hugger nr du borde stta, a a a a o inte skr nr du borde hugga, och inte stter nr du br skra. a a o a o a Och mrk: nr n a a agon avvrjer det ena, att du trar med det andra. a a Allts avvrjer man din stt, anvnd hugget. a: a o a Rusar man inp dig, anvnd det undre skret mot hans arm. a a a Kom ih detta vid alla kamper och bindningar med svrdet, om du vill ag a narra de mstare som stter sig emot dig. a a
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English Translation
How one in all windings shall nd correct cuts and thrusts. In all windings learn correctly to nd the cut and the thrust. You shall also test with cut, thrust or slice, in all ghts if you want to beat the masters. That is to say that you should in all windings nd the correct cut, thrust or slice in this manner: when you wind, you shall become immediately aware of which the three will work best for you to use. This is so that you do not cut when you should thrust, and that you do not slice when you should cut, and so that you do not thrust when you should slice. And mark: when your opponent defends against the one, you should strike with the other. Also: if one defends against your thrust then use the cut. If he rushes in towards you, use the lower slice against his arm. Remember this in all ghts and binds with the sword, if you want to defeat the masters who set themselves against you.
Translation Notes
I took the liberty of changing around a couple of the words in the translation of the markverse, since this makes more sense to my mind. In the Swedish, med (with) comes at the end of line 3 and prva (test) at the start of line 4; this gave you o shall also with, test cut, thrust or slice which makes no sense in English. However, by putting test before with and assuming that the words were placed as they were for some grammatical reason or some poetical reason, we get you shall also test with cut, thrust or slice which makes much more sense in English. Perhaps the original pattern of words makes more sense in the original language, and perhaps also with Swedish grammar, but using English grammar I feel that switching the words around makes much more sense.
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Swedish Transcription
De fyra blottorna. Lr dig fyra blottor, a sikta s trar du med skerhet, a a a utan n agon fara; utan tvivel, vad han n gr. a o Hr skall du lra dig mnniskans fyra blottor, som du alltid skall fktas a a a a mot. Den frsta blottan ar p hger sida, den andra p vnster sida, ovanfr o a o a a o mannens blte. a De andra tv ar likas p hger och vnster sida under bltet. a a a o a a Lgg alltid noga mrke till blottorna i Zufechten. Den han blottar fr a a o dig skall du skickligt sikta mot utan fara: med insttande med den o utstrckta spetsen [Langenort], med efterfljande och med alla andra a o tekniker. Och beakta inte vad han med sina tekniker frsker gra mot o o o dig, utan fktas med overtygelse och sl slag som r frtriga och som a a a o a inte l honom komma till sina tekniker. ater
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English Translation
The four openings. Learn four openings, aim to strike these with safety, without any risk, without doubt about what he can do. Here you will learn about peoples four openings, against which you will always fence. The rst opening is on the right sight, the second on the left side, above the mans belt. The other two are likewise on the right and left sides under the belt. Always pay attention to the openings in Zufechten. His openings you shall skillfully seek without danger: with thrusts with the the outstretched point [Langenort], with travelling after and with all other techniques. And do not pay heed to what he tries to do with his techniques against you, but fence with belief and throw strikes that are excellent and that do not allow him to come at you with his own techniques.
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Swedish Transcription
Frklaring av dubblerandet och frndrandet: Hur de bryter o o a upp de fyra blottorna. Vill nna vedergllning, a skickligt bryta upp de fyra blottorna: dubblera ovan, nedan frndra korrekt. o a Sannerligen sger jag dig: a ingen mstare skyddar sig utan fara. a Om du har frst detta, o att kan han knappast komma till slags. Nr du med skicklighet vill bryta upp de fyra blottorna fr honom, s a o a anvnd dubblerandet mot de vre blottorna och frndrandet mot den a o oa andra blottan. Sannerligen sger jag dig att han inte kan skydda sig a mot detta, och kan varken lyckas med hugg eller sttar. o Dubblerandet. Nr du hugger in med ett Zornhau eller annat Oberhau och han avvrjer a a det kraftfullt, s stt Indes din svrdsknapp in under din hgra arm a o a o med din vnstra hand, och hugg honom i bindningen over ansiktet med a korsade hnder, mellan svrdet och mannen. Eller hugg honom med a a svrdet i huvudet. a Frndrandet. o a Nr du binder mot hans svrd med ett oberhau eller liknande, s vinda a a a den korta eggen mot hans svrd och far upp ordentligt med armarna; a och hng din svrdsklinga over hans svrd p utsidan och stt honom a a a a o mot den nedre blottan. Detta kan gras p b sidorna. o a ada
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English Translation
Explanation of doubling and mutating: how these break the four openings. If you would like to nd revenge, skillfully break up the four openings: double over, mutate below correctly. Certainly I say this: no master defends himself without risk. If you have understood this, he can hardly come to blows. When you would like to skillfully break up the four openings for him, use the doubling against the upper openings and the mutating against the other openings. Certainly I say to you that he cannot defend himself against this, and can succeed with neither cut nor thrust. Doubling. When you cut in with a Zornhau or another Oberhau and he defends himself strongly, so Instantly thrust your pommel in under your right arm with your left hand, and cut him in the bind over the face with crossed hands, between the sword and the man. Or cut him with the sword in the head. Mutating. When you bind against his sword with an Oberhau or something similar, so wind the short edge against his sword and go up in an orderly fashion with the arms; and hang your sword blade over his sword on the outside and thrust into him through the lower openings. This can be done on both sides.
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Aber ain stuck u dem krumhaw. Wenn es klutzt oben so stand ab, das will ich loben. Das ist, wenn du ihm mit dem krumphauw u sin schwert hawst, so schlache vom schwert oben mit der kurtzen schniden bald wider u, ihm oben ein zu dem kop. Oder windt ihm mit dem krumphaw die kurtzen schnyden an sin schwert und stich ihm zu der brust. Aber ain stuck u dem krumphaw. Krum nicht kurtz haw, durch wechsel dar mit schow. Das ist, wenn er dir von siner rechten achseln oben ein will howen, so tu, al ob du mit dem krumphaw an sin schwert binden Und kurtz; und far mit dem ort under sinem schwert durch und wind u sin reche syttenn dein gehltz uber din houppt; und stich ihm zu dem gesicht. u Mrck wie man den krumphaw brechen sol. o Krump wer dich irret, der edel krieg in verwrret, u da er frwar u nicht wayst wo sey one far. Da ist, wan du ihm von diner rechten sytten ober oder unden zu hawest; hawt er dann och von syner rechten sytten mit gekreutzten armen krump u din schwert und verirret dir do mit dein hew, so blyb mit dinem schwert starck an dem sinen. Und sch ihm under dem schwert den ort lang u ein zu der brust. Ain andern bruch uber den krumphaw. Mrck, wenn du ihm von diner rechten sytten oben ein hawest, hawt er o denn och von siner rechten sytten mit gekreutzten armen krump u dein schwert und drckt dir das da mit under sich gen der erden so wind gen u deiner rechten syten; und far mit den armen wol u uber dein haupt. Und setze ihm dein ort oben an die brust.
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Versetzt er dir das, so plyb also sten, mit dem gehultz vor dem haupt, und arbait behendtlich mit dem ort von ainer blo zu der anderen: das hayset der edel krig. Da mit verwirst in so gar das er nit wayt, wo er u vor bliben sol fur war.
Swedish Transcription
Krumhugget med dess tekniker. Hugg inkt krumhugg, kasta spetsen p hnderna. a a Detta r hur du skall hugga krumt mot hnderna. a a Nr han fr sin hgra sida hugger mot blottan med ett Ober- eller Una an o terhau, s ta ett spr ivg fr hugget med din hgra fot, mot honom a ang a an o l angt ut p hans vnstra sida; och hugg med korsade armar med spetsen a a p hnderna. a a Och prva aven denna teknik mot honom nr han st mot dig i garden o a ar Ochs. Annu en teknik fr krumhugget. an Den som anvnder krumhugg vl a a med steg, han kommer att hmma hugg. a Detta r hur du skall stta alla Oberhau sidan med krumhugget. a a at Nr han fr sin hgra sida hugger in fr ovan mot blottan, s stig a an o an a med den hgra foten ut hans vnstra sida over hans svrd med speto at a a sen mot marken i en Schrankhut. Prva detta p b sidor. Och fr o a ada an sidosttningen kan du hugga honom i huvudet. a
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Annu en teknik fr Krumhugg. an Hugg krumt mot atsidan p mstarna, om du vill frsvaga dem. a a o Nr du vill frsvaga en mstare, s anvnd denna teknik: Nr han huga o a a a a ger in mot dig uppifr fr sin hgra sida, hugg krumt med korsade an an o hnder mot hans hugg ovanp svrdet. a a a
Annu en teknik fr krumhugget. an Nr det klirrar ovan a s st tillbaka, det skall jag bermma. a a o Nr du hugger ett krumhugg ovanp hans svrd, s hugg genast tillbaka a a a a upp fr svrdet med den korta eggen, in uppifr mot hans huvud. an a an Eller vinda med krumhugget den korta eggen mot hans svrd och stt a o honom mot brstet. o
Annu en teknik fr krumhugget. an Krumma inte, hugg kort, sk drmed genomvxling. ada a a Nr han vill hugga in fr sin hgra axel, s l a an o a atsas att du vill binda mot hans svrd med ett krumhugg. Hugg kort; och far igenom med a spetsen under hans svrd och vinda p hans hgra sida ditt hjalt ver a a o o ditt huvud, och stt honom i ansiktet. o
Hur man skall kontra krumhugget. Krummar den som frstr fr dig; o o o det dla kriget frvirrar honom, a o s att han i sanning a inte vet var han skall vara utan fara. Nr du hugger mot honom uppifr eller nerifr fr din hgra sida; a an an an o hugger han d ocks fr sin hgra sida med korsade armar krumt p a a an o a 44
ditt svrd och frstr drmed ditt hugg, s bli kvar med ditt svrd i a o o a a a stark bindning. Och skjut din spets under hans svrd lngs klingan mot a a brstet. o En annan kontring mot krumhugget. Nr du hugger in mot honom uppifr fr din hgra sida, hugger han a an an o d ocks fr sin hgra sida med korsade armar krumt p ditt svrd och a a an o a a drmed trycker det ner mot marken s vinda mot din hgra sida; och a at a o far med dina armar ordentligt upp over ditt huvud. Och stt med din o spets uppifr mot brstet. an o Avvrje han detta, s bli st a a aende kvar med hjaltet framfr ditt huvud, o och arbeta inkt med spetsen fr en blotta till den andra; det kallas an det adla kriget. Med det frvirrar du honom s totalt att han i sanning o a inte vet var han skall benna sig.
English Translation
Do the Krumphau (crooked strike) with these techniques. Strike the Krumphau deftly, cast the point towards the hands. This is how you shall strike the Krumphau against the hands. When he cuts from his right side against an opening with an Oberhau or Underhau, take a spring away from the strike with your right foot, far out to his left side; and cut with crossed arms with the point to the hands. And even try this technique against him when he stands against you in the Ox guard.
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Another technique from the Krumphau. He who uses the Krumphau well with a step, he is able to defend against cuts. This is how you shall set aside all Oberhau attacks with the Krumphau. When he cuts in from above against your openings from his right side, step with your right foot out to his left side and throw your blade across his sword with the point to the ground in the Barrier guard. Test this on both sides. And from this setting aside you can cut him in the head.
Another technique from the Krumphau. Cut crookedly against the at side of the masters, if you want to weaken them. When you want to weak a master, use this technique: when he cuts in against you from above from his right side, strike crookedly with crossed hands against his cut above the sword.
Another technique from the Krumphau. When it comes from above stand back, this I shall praise. When you cut a Krumphau onto his sword, so cut immediately back up from the sword with the short edge, in and down from above onto his head. Or wind the Krumphau with the short edge against his sword and thrust into his breast.
Another technique from the Krumphau. Do not Krump, cut short, then see changing-through.
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When he wants to cut in from his right shoulder, pretend that you want to bind against his sword with a Krumphau. Cut short; and go through with the point under his sword and wind your hilt to his right side over your head, and stab him in the face.
How one should counter the Krumphau. Krumps that foil you; the Noble War confuses him, so that he truthfully does not know where he shall be without danger. When you cut against him from above or from below, from your right side; if he also cuts crookedly from him right side with crossed arms to your sword and thus foils your strike, so bind strongly with your sword. And shoot your point against his breast under the long edge of his sword.
Another counter against the Krumphau. When you cut in against him from above from your right side and he also cuts crookedly from his right side with crossed arms onto your sword and thus presses it down towards the ground, wind towards your right side; go with your arms up over your head. And thrust with your point from above against his breast. If he defends himself against this, stand with your hilt in front of your head, and work deftly with the point from one opening to the other, this is called the Noble War. With this you will confuse him so totally that truthfully he will not know where he will nd himself.
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an den hal und spring mit dem rechten fu hinder seinen lincken; und rucke ihn mit dem schwert dariber. Ain ander stuck. Item, wen du ihm mit der zwer an sin schwert bindest, ist er dan waich am schwert, so truck mit der zwer sin schwert nyder; und leg ihm die kurtzen schnyden hinder sinen armen vornen an den hal. Ain bruch wider den obern zwerhaw. Item, wan du ihm von deiner rechten sytten mit ainem oberen haw oder sunst an sin schwert bindest, schlecht er dan mit der zwer umb, dir zu der anderen sytten, so kom vor auch mit der zwerch under sin schwert ihm an den hal. Wie man zu den vier bloen mit der zwer schlachen soll. Zwer zu dem pug, zu dem ochsen hart gefug. Das ist, wie du in ainem zu gang mit der zwer zu den vier bloen schlagen solt. Das vernym also: wan du mit dem zufechten zu ihm kompst, so merck: wan es dir eben ist , so spring zu ihm und schlag in mit der zwer zu der underen blo siner lincken sytten. Das hayst: zu dem pug geschlagen. Aber ain stuck u dem zwerhaw. Wen du ihm mit der zwer zu der underen blo geschlagen hast, so schlag bald u mit der zwer ihm zu der anderen sytten oben in zu dem kop. Das hait: zu dem ochsen geschlagen. Und schlach den frba beu hendtlich ainen zwerch schlag zu dem ochsen und den anderen zu dem pug, crutzwy von ainer sytten zu der anderen. Und haw ihm do mit ainem oberen haw oben ein zu dem kope und zuch dich damit ab. Wa sich wol zwercht mit springen, dem haupt gefert.
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Das ist, das du mit ainem yden zwer schlage wol u solt springen, ihm u die sytten, do du ihm zu schlagen wylt. So magst in wol treen zu u sienem haupt. Und wart, das du in dem sprung oben vor dinem haupt mit dienem gehultzen vol bedeck syest.
Swedish Transcription
Tvrshugg med dess tekniker. a Tvrs tar bort a det som kommer uppifr an. Tvrshugget kontrar alla hugg som huggs fr ovan ned a an at. Nr han hugger in uppifr mot dig mot huvudet, s ta ett spr med a an a ang den hgra foten mot honom bort fr hugget, ut hans vnstra sida. o an at a Och i spr anget vnd ditt svrd med hjaltet hgt framfr ditt huvud, a a o o s att din tumme kommer under och hugg honom med den korta eggen a mot hans vnstra sida. a S f a angar du hans hugg i ditt hjalt och trar honom i huvudet. a En teknik fr tvrshugget. an a Tvrsa med det starka; a mrk vl ditt arbete med det. a a Detta r hur du skall arbeta med det starka fr tvrset. a an a Nr du hugger mot honom med tvrset, s tnk p att du skall hugga a a a a a kraftfullt med ditt svrds starka mot hans. H a aller han d starkt emot a s hugg in i bindningen med korsade armar bakom hans svrdsklinga, a a ovanifr mot huvudet; eller skr honom med svrdet ver ansiktet. an a a o
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En annan teknik fr tvrshugget. an a Nr du binder mot hans svrd fr tvrset med ditt svrds starka; a a an a a h aller han d starkt emot, s stt hans svrd bort fr dig med ditt a a o a an hjalt, ned ut din hgra sida, och sl omedelbart runt med tvrset at at o a a mot hans hgra sida, mot huvudet. o En annan teknik fr tvrshugget. an a Nr du binder mot hans svrd med tvrset, om han d ar mjuk i binda a a a ningen, s lgg den korta eggen mot hans hgra sida mot halsen och a a o ta ett spr med den hgra foten bakom hans vnstra; och slit honom ang o a over den med svrdet. a En annan teknik. Nr du binder mot hans svrd med tvrset, om han d ar mjuk i binda a a a ningen, s tryck ner hans svrd med tvrset; och lgg den korta eggen a a a a bakom hans armar p framsidan mot halsen. a En kontring mot det ovre tvrshugget. a Nr du binder mot hans svrd fr din hgra sida med ett oberhau eller a a an o liknande, sl han d runt med tvrset mot din andra sida, s frekom ar a a a o honom, ven du med tvrset under hans svrd mot hans hals. a a a Hur man skall sl mot de fyra blottorna med tvrshugget. a a Tvrsa mot plogen, a och lgg till ett h mot oxen. a art Detta ar hur du skall hugga mot de fyra blottorna med tvrshugget nr a a du g emot n ar agon. Nr du kommer emot honom i Zufechten; nr det passar dig, ta ett a a spr mot honom och hugg med tvrset mot hans vnstra sidas nedre ang a a blotta. Detta kallas att sl mot plogen. a En annan teknik fr tvrshugget. an a Nr du har huggit mot den nedre blottan med tvrset, s sl omedelbart a a a a med tvrset mot den andra sidan uppifr in mot huvudet. Det kallas a an 51
att sl mot oxen. Och fortstt hugga inkt ett tvrshugg mot oxen a a a och det andra mot plogen, korsvis fr en sida till den andra. an Och hugg honom sedan med ett Oberhau in mot huvudet och dra dig drmed tillbaka fr honom. a an Den som tvrsar bra a med spr stter huvudet i fara. ang, a Det vill sga, att du i alla dina tvrshugg skall ta ett spr ordentligt a a ang ut den sida dr du vill tra honom. S kan du tra honom vl i at a a a a a huvudet. Och se till att du i spr anget r ordentligt skyddad ovan framfr a o ditt huvud av ditt hjalt.
English Translation
Do the Zwerchau (crosswise strike) with these techniques. The Zwerchau takes away that which comes from above. The Zwerchau counters all strikes that cut down from above. When he cuts in from above against your head, spring with the right foot against him away from the cut, out to his left side. And as you spring turn your sword with the hilt high in front of your head, so that your thumb comes under and cut him with the short edge against his left side. So you catch his strike with your hilt and strike him in the head. A technique from the Zwerchau. Zwerch with the strong; mark well your work with this.
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This is how you shall work with the strong from the Zwerchau. When you cut against him with the Zwerchau, think that you shall strike powerfully with the swords strong against his. Hold him thus strongly in the bind then cut with crossed arms behind his sword blade, from above against the head, or cut him with the sword to the face. Another technique from the Zwerchau. When you bind against his sword from the Zwerchau with your swords Strong; hold him strongly, then push his sword away from you with your hilt, down and out to your right side, and strike immediately round with the Zwerchau against his right side, against the head. Another technique from the Zwerchau. When you bind against his sword with the Zwerchau, if he is weak in the bind, so lay the short edge against the right side of his neck and spring with the right foot behind his left; and pull him over it with the sword. Another technique. When you bind against his sword with the Zwerchau, if he is weak in the bind, so press down on his sword with the Zwerchau; and lay the short edge behind his arms in front of his neck. A counter against the upper Zwerchau. When you bind against his sword from the right side with an Oberhau or similar attack, if he strikes round with the Zwerchau against your other side, do the same back to him, throw a Zwerchau under his sword against his neck. How one shall strike against the four openings with the Zwerchau. Zwerch against the plough, and strike powerfully against the ox. This is how you shall strike against the four openings with the Zwerchau when you go against someone.
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When you come against him in Zufechten; when it becomes suitable for you, spring against him and cut with the Zwerchau against the lower opening on his left side. This is called to strike against the plough. Another technique from the Zwerchau. When you have cut against the lower opening with the Zwerchau, so strike immediately with the Zwerchau against the other side upwards into the head. This is called to strike against the ox. And continue to strike quickly a Zwerchau against the ochs and another against the plough, crosswise from one side to the other. And cut him after with an Oberhau in against the head and thus draw yourself back from him. He who Zwerches well with a spring, threatens the head. That is to say, that in all of your Zwerchau strikes you shall take a proper spring out to the side where you want to strike him. So you can strike him well in the head. And see to it in the spring that you are properly protected from above with your hilt above and in front of your head.
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Die ersten tryb also: wen du mit dem zu fechten zu ihm kompst, so spring mit dem fu gen ihm und thun, al du ihm mit ainem zwer schlagen zu siner lincken sytten zu dem kop schlagen welest. Und ferzuck den schlag ihm zu siner rechten sytten an den kop. Aber ain stuck u dem feler. Zwyfach es frba, u schryt in linck und bi nit la. Das ist, wan du ihm mit der ersten verfyrunge zu siner rechten sytten zu dem kop geschlagen haust al am nesten gemelt ist , so schlach bald wyderumb ihm zu der rechten sytten zu dem kop; und far mit der kurtzen schnyden mit au gecrutzten armen uber sin schwert, und imlincke, das ist au dein lincken sytten, und schnyd in mit der langen schnyden durch maul.
Swedish Transcription
Ytterligare en teknik fr tvrset, och den kallas nten (Feler). an a Den som gr en bra nt, o trar nerifr som han nskar. a an o Med nten blir alla fktare som grna avvrjer vilseledda och besegrade. a a a Nr du kommer mot honom i Zufechten, s l a a atsas att du vill hugga honom med valfritt Oberhau mot hans vnstra sida. P s stt kan du a a a a hur du vill tra honom nertill och besegra honom. a
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En annan teknik fr tvrshugget; och den kallas vndaren an a a (Verehrer). Vndarenen betvingar, a lp igenom och brottas. o Ta skert armb a agen, ta ett spr mot honom i rrelsen. ang o Nr du binder mot hans svrd med ett Ober- eller Unterhau, s vnd ditt a a a a svrd s att din tumme kommer under, och stt honom ovanifr i ana a o an siktet. P s stt tvingar du honom att avvrja dig. Och i avvrjningen, a a a a a greppa hans hgra armb med din vnstra hand och ta ett spr med o age a ang den vnstra foten framfr hans hgra, och stt honom ver den. a o o o o Eller anvnd vndaren fr att rusa genom och brottas, p samma stt a a o a a som du kommer att f beskrivet i genomlpandet. a o Annu en teknik fr en nt. an Finta tv afalt trar man, gr drmed skret. a o a a Det kallas den dubbla nten, eftersom man i den i Zufechten skall anvnda missledning tv g a a anger. Gr den frsta s hr: Nr du kommer mot honom i Zufechten, s ta ett o o a a a a spr med foten mot honom och l ang atsas att du vill hugga med ett tvrs a mot hans vnstra sida mot huvudet. Och andra riktning p hugget mot a a hans hgra sida mot huvudet. o Annu en teknik fr nten. an Fortstt dubbelt med det, a stig in vnster och var inte l at a angsam. Det vill sga, nr du har slagit mot hans hgra sida mot huvudet med a a o den frsta missledningen som just beskrivits s sl genast runt mot o a a hgra sidan mot huvudet, och far med den korta eggen med utstrckta o a korsade armar over hans svrd: och Imlincke, det vill sga p din a a a vnstra sida, och skr in med den l a a anga eggen over ansiktet.
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English Translation
A further technique from the Zwerchau, and it is called the feint (Feler). He who does a good feint, strikes from below how he wishes. With the feint all fencers who quickly leap to the defence are mislead and defeated. When you come against him in Zufechten, pretend that you want to cut him with perhaps an Oberhau to his left side. In this manner you can strike him underneath however you want and defeat him. Another technique from the Zwerchau, and it is called the turner (Verkehrer). The turner subdues, runs through and grapples. Take the elbow certainly, spring against him in the movement. When you bind against his sword with an Oberhau or Underhau, turn your sword so that your thumb comes underneath, and thrust him down from above into the face. In this way you force him to defend himself. And in the defence, grip his right elbow with your left hand and spring with your left foot in front of his right, and stab him over it. Or use the turner to rush through and grapple, in the same way that you will be told for running through. Another technique from the feint. Feint twofold, strike him, thus do the cut. This is called the double feint, because in the Zufechten you shall be misleading two times.
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Do the rst like this: when you come against him in Zufechten, take a spring with the foot against him and pretend that you will cut with a Zwerchau against the left side of his head. And change the direction of the cut, to the right side of his head. Another technique from the feint. Continue doubly with this, step to the left and do not be slow. That is to say, when you have struck to the right side of his head with the rst misleading about which has just been written so strike immediately round to the other side of the head, and go with the short edge with outstretched crossed arms over his sword: and Imlincke, that is to say on the left side, and cut in with the long edge over the face.
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zu dem ort; und thun, al du ihm zu dem ort hawen welest; und haw starck mit der kurtzen schnyden u sin schwert, und schu ihm den ort darmit lang yn zu dem hal mit ainem zutrytt des rechten fu. Aber ain stuck u dem schillhaw. Schill zu dem oberen haupt, hende wilt du bedebren. Merck, wen er dir oben will in hawen, so schill mit dem gesicht, al du in u das haupt wylt schlagen. Und haw mit der kurtzen schnyden gen sinen haw, und schlag in an siner schwertz klingen mit dem ort u die hend.
Swedish Transcription
Spanarhugget med dess tekniker. Schiller kontrar det som bueln hugger eller stter. o Den som hotar med vxling a bervas p det av Schiller. o a Schillern ar ett hugg som kontrar hugg och sttar fr buarna som o an tar sitt msterskap genom v a aldsam styrka. Gr hugget s hr: Nr han hugger in mot dig fr sin hgra sida, s o a a a an o a hugg aven du fr din hgra sida med den korta eggen med armarna an o utstrckta mot hans hugg, mot hans svrds svaga och hugg honom p a a a hans hgra axel. o Vxlar han igenom, s skjut in med hugget lngs klingan mot brstet. a a a o Och du kan ocks hugga s nr han st mot dig i garden Pug eller a a, a ar nr han vill stta dig underifr a o an.
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Annu en teknik fr Schillet. an Spana nr han kortar mot dig, a vxla igenom, mot hans ansikte. a Detta ar en lektion: [Du] skall spana med blicken och noga mrka, om a han fktas kort mot dig. Det skall du mrka nr han hugger mot dig och a a a hans arm inte strcks ut i hugget, s hugg du ocks Och i hugget far a a a. med spetsen under hans klinga till andra sidan, och stt in mot ansiktet. o Annu en teknik fr Schielhau. an Spana mot spetsen och ta hans hals utan fruktan. Mrk vl, att Schillern bryter Langenort; och gr d s hr: nr han a a o a a a a st mot dig och h ar aller spetsen med utstrckta armar mot ansiktet eller a brstet, s st med den vnstra foten frmst och spana med blicken o a a a a mot spetsen, och l atsas som om du ville hugga mot spetsen; och hugg kraftfullt med den korta eggen ovanp hans svrd, och stt med spetsen a a o lngs med klingan mot halsen med ett steg mot honom med hger fot. a o Annu en teknik fr Schielhau. an Spana mot huvudet ovan, om du vill skada hnderna. a Nr han vill hugga in mot dig ovan, s spana med blicken som om du a a ville sl honom ovanp huvudet. Och hugg med den korta eggen mot a a hans hugg, och hugg lngs med hans svrdsklinga med spetsen ovanp a a a hnderna. a
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English Translation
Do the Schielhau (squinting strike) with these techniques. The Schielhau counters that which a bualo cuts or thrusts. That which threatens with changing is robbed by the Schielhau. The Schielhau is a strike which counters cuts and thrusts from the buffalos those who take their mastery through violent strength. Do the strike like this: when he cuts in against you from his right side, you should also cut from your right side with the short edge with the arms outstretched against his cut, against the weak of his sword and cut him on his right shoulder. If he changes through, shoot in with the cut, long edge against the breast. And you can also strike this, when he stands against you in the Plough guard [Pug] or when he wants to thrust into you from below. Another technique from the Schielhau. Strike the Schielhau when he closes with you, change through, against his face. This is a lesson: you shall search with the look and notice carefully, if he ghts close to you. This you shall mark when he cuts against you and his arm does not stretch out in the cut, so you will strike too. And in the strike go with the point under his blade to the other side, and thrust in against the face. Another technique from the Schielhau. Search with the point and take his neck without fear. Mark well; to strike the Schielhau breaks the long point; and then do this: when he stands against you and holds the point with outstretched arms towards the face or chest, so stand with the left foot forward and 63
search with the gaze against the point, and pretend as if you want to strike against the point; and strike powerfully with the short edge above his sword, and thrust with the point along with the blade against the neck with a step towards him with the right foot. Another technique from the Schielhau. Search against the head above if you want to damage the hands. When he wants to cut in against you from above, so search with the gaze as if you want to hit him above the head. And strike with the short edge against his cut, and strike along his blade with the point onto the hands.
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Ain stuck u dem schaiteler. Mit siner ker der brust fast gefer. Das ist, wen du ihm den ort mit dem schaitler oben ein hengst zu dem gesicht, stost er dir den ort in der versatzung mit dem gehultz vascht yber sich, so verker dein schwert mit dem gehultz hoch fyr din haupt, und setz ihm den ort unden an die brust.
Wie die kron den schaytler bricht. Wa von ihm kompt, die kron das abnymt. Merck, wan du ihm mit dem schaittler oben ein hawest, versetzt er mit dem gehultze hoch ab ob sinem haupt: die versatzung hayst die kron. Und laut dir do mit eyn.
Wie der schnitt die kron bricht. Schnid durch die kron, so brichest du sie hart schon. Die stuck drucke, mit schnitten sey ab zucke.
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Merck, wen er dir den schaitler oder sunst ainen haw versetzt mit der kron und dir da mit ein laut, so nym den schnit under sin henden in sin arm, und truck vast uber sich, so ist die kron wyder gebrochen. Und wende din schwert u dem underen schnit in den oberen, und zuch dich da mit abe.
Swedish Transcription
Delaren med dess tekniker. Delaren r en fara fr ansiktet. a o Delaren r farlig fr ansiktet och brstet. a o o Nr han st mot dig i garden Alber, s hugg med den l a ar a anga eggen fr an l angscheiteln uppifr och ner; och bli kvar hgt med armarna i hugget, an o och hng med spetsen in mot ansiktet. a En teknik fr delaren. an Med hans vndning a mycket farlig fr brstet. o o Nr du ovanifr med delaren hnger din spets in mot ansiktet, avvrjer a an a a han d din spets genom att stta den upp over sig f a o angad med hjaltet, s vnd ditt svrd med hjaltet hgt upp framfr ditt huvud och stt a a a o o o honom ner mot brstet. at o Hur kronan kontrar delaren. Det som kommer fr honom, an tar kronan bort. Nr du hugger in mot honom uppifr med delaren, avvrjer han hgt a an a o med hjaltet ver sitt huvud: den avvrjningen kallas kronan. Och med o a den rusar han in mot dig.
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Hur skret kontrar kronan. a Skr genom kronan, a s bryter du snart dess skydd. a Tryck med svrdet, a med era skr drar du dig tillbaka. a Nr han avvrjer delaren eller n annat hugg med kronan och frsker a a agot o o rusa dig in p livet; s tag skret under hans hnder i hans arm och tryck a a a a h upp s bryts kronan. Och vnd ditt svrd fr det undre skret art at, a a a an a till det ovre, och dra dig drmed tillbaka. a
English Translation
Do the Scheitelhau (the parting strike) with these techniques. The parter is a danger for the face. The parter is dangerous for the face and the breast. When he stands against you in the fools guard [Alber], cut with the long edge from the long parting from above and down; and keep the arms high in the cut, and hang with the point in against the face. A technique from the parter. With his turning, very dangerous for the breast. When you cut from above with the Scheitelhau and hang your point in his face, if he defends himself against your point by pushing it up and away with the hilt, then turn your sword with the hilt high in front of your head and stab him downwards into the chest.
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How the Crown counters the parter. That which comes from him, the Crown takes away. When you cut in against him from above with the Scheitelhau, if he defends himself with the hilt over his head: this defence is called the Crown. And with that he can rush in close to you. How the slice counters the Crown. Slice through the Crown, so you break this guard quickly. Press with the sword, with more slicing you draw backwards. When he defends against the Scheitelhau or some other cut with the Crown and tries to rush in against you, pull the slice under his hands in his arm and press hard upwards, to break the Crown. And turn your sword from the under slice to the over slice, and thus draw back.
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Swedish Transcription
De fyra garderna. Endast fyra garder ska du h dig till, och frbanna de allmnt knda. alla o a a Oxe, Plog, Narr, Fr ovan skall inte vara dig oknda. an a Detta betyder att du inte skall anta n agra andra garder n de fyra som a nu skall nmnas. a Den frsta garden. Oxen. o H dig s hr: St med den vnstra foten fram, och h ditt svrd all a a a a all a bredvid din hgra sida framfr huvudet, och l din spets hnga mot o o at a hans ansikte. Den andra garden. Plogen. H dig s hr: St med den vnstra foten fram, och h ditt svrd all a a a a all a med korsade hnder bredvid din hgra sida over ditt kn, p ett s a o a a adant stt att spetsen st mot hans ansikte. a ar Den tredje garden. Narren. H dig s hr: St med din hgra fot fram, och h ditt svrd med all a a a o all a utstrckta armar framfr dig med spetsen mot marken. a o Den fjrde garden. Fr ovan. a an H dig s hr: St med vnster fot fram, och h ditt svrd vid din all a a a a all a hgra axel. Eller h det med utstrckta armar over ditt huvud. o all a Och hur du skall fktas ur garderna, nner du beskrivet i denna bok. a
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English Translation
The four guards. Only four guards will you hold, and damn those that are commonly known. Ox, Plough, Fool, From the Roof , with these you will not be unfamiliar. This means that you shall not assume any other guards other than these four that are now to be described. The rst guard. The Ox [Ochs]. Hold it like this: stand with the left foot forwards, and hold your sword beside and slightly in front of the right side of your head, and let the point hang towards his face. The second guard. The Plough [Pug]. Hold it like this: stand with the left foot forward, and hold your sword with crossed hands beside and slightly above your right knee, in such a way that the point is towards his face. The third guard. The Fool [Alber]. Hold it like this: stand with your right foot forwards, and hold your sword with outstretched arms in front of you with the point towards the ground. The fourth guard. From the Roof [Vom Tag]. Hold it like this: stand with the left foot forwards, and hold your sword at your right shoulder. Or hold it with outstretched arms above your head. And how you shall fence from these guards, you will nd described in this book.
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Aber ain stuck wider die verstzung. a Merck, wen du hawest ainen under haw von der rechten sytten, fellet er dir dan da mit dem schwert u das dine, das d do mit nicht u koment u magst, so far behendlich mit dem knop uber sin schwert und schlag in mit dem schnappen mit der langen schnyden zu dem kope. Oder velt er dir gen diner lincken sytten u das schwert, so schlach ihn mit der kurtzen schnyden. Aber ain stuck wider die versatzung. Setz an vier enden, Blieb dar u, lere wiltu enden. Wen du ihm von dener rechten achseln oben ein hawst, wilt du denn bald mit ihm enden, so moerck: wen er versetzt, so schlach bald umb mit der zwer. Und begri din schwert mit der lincken hand miten in der klingen, und setz ihm den ort in das gesycht. Oder setz ihm an zu den vier blssen zu welcher du am basten komen o kanst. Aber ain stuck wider die versatzung. Item, wan du ihm mit dem halben schwert den ort in sin gesicht setzest, versetzt er dir das, so sto in mit dem knop zu der anderen sytten zu sienem haupt. Oder spring mit dem recht fuos hinder sin lincken, und far ihm mit dem knop uber sin rechten achseln vornen umb den hal und ruck in da mit uber din rechtes bain.
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Swedish Transcription
Detta r de fyra Versetzen, som hmmar eller bryter de fyra a a garderna. Versetzen r fyra, a som ocks hmmar garderna mycket. a a Akta dig fr att avvrja [d o a aligt], sker det blir det mycket besvrligt fr dig. a o Du har tidigare hrt att du endast skall fktas fr de fyra garderna. o a an S skall du nu ocks kunna de fyra Versetzen. De ar fyra hugg. a a Det frsta hugget ar krumhugget (Krumphau). Det bryter garden Ochs. o Det andra ar tvrshugget (Zwerchhau). Det bryter garden Vom Tag. a Det tredje ar spanarhugget (Schielhau). Det bryter garden Pug. Det fjrde ar delaren (Scheitler). Den bryter garden Alber. a Och akta dig fr alla avvrjningar, som de d o a aliga fktarna anvnder. a a Nr han hugger, s hugg ocks och nr han stter, s stt ocks a a a, a o a o a. Och hur du skall hugga och stta, det nner du beskrivet i de fem huggen o och i sidosttandet. a En teknik mot avvrjningarna. a Om du blir avvrjd a och om det kommit till det, hr vad jag r o ader: far upp, hugg snabbt med raraskhet. Om det hnt sig att du blivit avvrjd, s mrk vl: om ett av dina Obera a a a a hau blir avvrjt, s far i avvrjningen med knappen ver hans frmre a a a o a hand och slit den drmed ner och hugg i slitningen in med svrdet a at; a uppifr mot huvudet. an
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En teknik till mot avvrjningarna. a Nr du hugger ett Unterhau fr hger sida, faller han d med sitt svrd a an o a a ovanp ditt s att du inte kan komma upp med det, s far inkt med a a a knappen over hans svrd och hugg med en smttande rrelse med den a a o l anga eggen mot huvudet. Eller om han faller ovanp ditt svrd mot din vnstra sida, s hugga a a a a honom med den korta eggen. En teknik till mot avvrjningarna. a Attackera fyra ndar, a Stanna kvar drp om du vill lra dig att avsluta. a a, a Nr du hugger in mot honom uppifr fr din hgra axel och vill avsa an an o luta snabbt mot honom, s mrk: nr han avvrjer, s sl genast runt a a a a a a med tvrset. Och grip ditt svrd med den vnstra handen i mitten av a a a klingan, och stt honom med spetsen i ansiktet. o Eller attackera honom mot de fyra blottorna, vilken som du bst kan a komma at. En teknik till mot avvrjningarna. a Nr du med en halvsvrdning stter spetsen mot hans ansikte och han a a a avvrjer detta, s sl honom med knappen p den andra sidan mot hans a a a a huvud. Eller ta ett spr med den hgra foten bakom hans vnstra, och far ang o a med knappen over hans hgra axel framfr och runt halsen och ryck o o honom drmed over ditt hgra ben. a o
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English Translation
These are the four displacements, which obstruct or break the four guards. The displacements are four, that also greatly trouble the four guards. Beware, for to defend, it becomes very dicult for you. You have earlier heard that you shall only ght from the four guards. So you shall now also know the four displacements. These are four strikes. The rst strike is the crooked strike [Krumphau]. This breaks the Ox guard [Ochs]. The second strike is the crosswise strike [Zwerchau]. This breaks the Roof guard [Vom Tag]. The third strike is the squinting strike [Schielhau]. This breaks the Plough guard [Pug]. The fourth strike is the parting strike [Scheitelhau]. This breaks the Fools guard [Alber]. And beware of all displacements, when they are used by poor fencers. When he cuts, strike also, and when he thrusts, you thrust too. And how you shall strike and thrust, that you will nd described for the ve cuts and in this section. A technique against the displacements. If you are displaced and if it comes to this, hear what I advise: go up, strike quickly and swiftly. If it has happened that you have been displaced, mark this well: if one of your Oberhau attacks becomes displaced, so go into the displacement 76
with the pommel over his forward hand and tear downwards with that; and cut in the tearing in with the sword from above against the head. A technique against the displacements. When you strike an Underhau from the right side, if he drops with his sword on top of yours do that you cannot come up with it, so go swiftly with the pommel over his sword and cut with powerful movement with the long edge against the head. Or if he drops onto your sword towards your left side, so cut him with the short edge. A technique against the displacements. Attack four ends, therefore stop him, if you want to learn to nish. When you strike in against him from above from your right shoulder and want to end him quickly, mark this: when he displaces, immediately strike round with the Zwerchau. And grip your sword with your left hand in the middle of the blade, and thrust with the point into his face. Or attack him against the four openings, whichever you can come at best. A technique against the displacements. When you set the point to his face with the halfswording and he displaces this, so strike him with the pommel to the other side of his head. Or spring with the right foot behind his left, and go with the pommel over his right shoulder in front and round the neck and therefore pull him over your right leg.
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Swedish Transcription
Om efterfljande. o Lr dig flja efter a o tv afalt, eller skr i frsvaret. a o Du skall lra dig efterfljandena vl, och de r tv till antalet. a o a a a Den frsta gr du s hr, nr han frsker hugga dig ovanifr Lgg d o o a a a o o an. a a mrke till nr han drar tillbaka svrdet upp fr hugget, och flj efter a a a at o o honom med ett hugg eller med en stt och tra i de vre oppningarna o a o innan han hinner gra sitt hugg. o Eller fall med den l anga eggen uppifr mot hans arm och tryck bort an honom fr dig med den. an Ett efterfljande till. o Nr han hugger mot dig uppifr och han d fortstter ner mot marken a an a a at med sitt svrd, s flj efter honom med ett oberhau mot huvudet, innan a a o han kommer upp med svrdet. a Eller om han vill stta dig, s lgg noga mrke till nr han drar svrdet o a a a a a mot sig fr stten, och flj efter honom och stt in, innan han fullfljer o o o o o sin stt. o
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English Translation
About following-after. Learn to follow after twofold, or cut in the defence. You shall learn well to follow after, and they are two in number. The rst you do like this, when he tries to cut you from above. Wait until he draws the sword back and up for the strike, and follow after him with a cut or with a thrust and aim for the upper openings, before he can do his strike. Or fall with the long edge from above onto his arm and press him away from you with this. Another following-after. When he cuts against you from above and he continues downwards towards the ground with his sword, follow after him with an Oberhau to the head, before he comes up with the sword. Or if he wants to thrust at you, pay attention for when he positions his sword against you for the thrust, and follow after him and thrust in, before can perform his thrust.
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Swedish Transcription
Efterfljande. o Flj efter tv o afalt, Trar man gr man det gamla skret. a o a Nr han frhugger sig framfr dig, s flj efter honom med ett hugg mot a o o a o de vre blottorna. o Far han d upp och vindar mot dig underifr mot svrdet, s lgg a an a a a mrke till s snart ett svrd klingar mot det andra, s fall med den a a a a l anga eggen fr bindningen ver hans arm, och tryck honom bort fr an o an dig. Eller skr honom fr bindningen in ver ansiktet. a an o Gr detta p b sidorna. o a ada
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English Translation
Following after. Follow after twofold, meet him as he does the old slice. When he cuts against you and his point passes you, so follow after him with a strike against the upper openings. If he goes up and winds against you from below with the sword, pay attention to the sword blades against each other, and fall with the long edge from the bind over his arm, and push him away from you. Or slice him from the bind in over the face. Do this to both sides.
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Swedish Transcription
Om de yttre tagningarna. Tv yttre tagningar. a Drefter skall du brja ditt arbete. a o Och prva rrelserna, o o om de r veka eller starka. a De tv yttre tagningarna r tv efterfljanden vid svrdet. a a a o a Nr han frhugger sig framfr dig, s efterflj honom. a o o a o Avvrjer han detta, s bli kvar med ditt svrd mot hans och knn efter a a a a om han r svag eller stark i bindningen. Om han d kraftfullt hver ditt a a a svrd upp med sitt, s rck ut ditt svrd p utsidan ver hans och a at a a a a o stt in mot den nedre blottan. o Den andra yttre tagningen. Nr du fktas mot honom med Unterhau eller p annat stt gr tekniker a a a a o mot honom nerifr overmannar han dig och vindar ovanifr mot ditt an, an svrd innan du kommer upp med det, s bli kvar med ditt svrd under a a a hans och h emot starkt. all Vnder han d och hotar din vre blotta, s flj efter med svrdet och a a o a o a f anga hans svrds svaga med den l a anga eggen och tryck ner och stt at, o honom i ansiktet.
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English Translation
About the outer takings. Two outer takings. Thereafter you shall start your work. And test the movements, if they are weak or strong. The two outer takings are two followings-after with the sword. When he cuts in front of you, travel after him. If he defends himself against this, and you are left with your sword against his, feel to see if he is weak or strong in the bind. If he then strongly lifts your sword up and away with it, reach your sword to the outside over his and thrust in against the lower openings. The other outer taking. When you fence against him with Underhau or with other techniques that come against him from below, if he overpowers you and winds from above against your sword before you can come up with, you are left with your sword under his and so hold strongly against it. If he winds and threatens your upper opening, so follow after with the sword and catch the weak of his sword with the long edge and push downwards, and thrust into his face.
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Swedish Transcription
Om F hlen och om ordet Indes. u Lr dig Fhlen. a u Indes r ett ord som skr skarpt. a a Du skall noga lra dig, och frst Fhlen och ordet Indes, eftersom a o a, u de tv sakerna hr samman och ar fktningens hgsta konster. a o a o Nr n a agon binder den andra med svrdet, s skall du i samma stund a a som svrden sl samman redan knna om han bundit mjukt eller h a ar a art. Och s fort du knt detta, s tnk p ordet In des: det vill sga, att a a a a a a du i samma ogonblick som du knner detta inkt skall arbeta mot det a mjuka och mot det h arda med svrdet mot nrmsta blotta S blir han a a a besegrad innan han hinner mrka det. a Du skall i alla bindningar med svrdet tnka p ordet Indes, fr Ina a a o des dubblerar och Indes frndrar, Indes lper igenom och Indes oa o tar skret, Indes brottas, Indes tar svrdet fr honom, Indes gr a a an o i konsten allt vad ditt hjrta begr. Indes ar ett skarpt ord, som skr a a a alla de fktare som inte vet n a agot om det ordet. Och ordet Indes ar ocks nyckeln, varmed all fktkonst l upp. a a ases
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English Translation
About the Feeling and about the word Instantly. Learn to Feel. Instantly is a word which cuts sharply. You will learn this carefully, and understand, Feeling and the word Instantly, because these two things go together and are the highest arts in the fencing. When one binds the other with the sword, so you will, in the same moment that the swords strike together, already feel if he has bound soft or hard. And as soon as you have felt this, think of the word Instantly: that is to say, that you in the same instant that you feel this, quickly work against the soft and against the hard with the sword towards the nearest opening. Thus he will be cut down before he understands what is happening. In all bindings with the sword you shall think of the word Instantly, because Instantly doubles and Instantly mutates, Instantly runs through and Instantly takes the cut, Instantly wrestles, Instantly takes the sword from him, Instantly does in the art all that your heart desires. Instantly is a sharp word, which cuts all those fencers who do not know something about the word. And the word Instantly is also the key, whereby all fencing art is unlocked.
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Swedish Transcription
Om att n ver. ao Den som siktar nertill, n ver honom, s blir han utskmd. ao a a Nr det klirrar ovan, a var stark: det skall jag bermma. o Gr ditt jobb o eller tryck h tv g art a anger. Nr han i Zufechten siktar mot en nedre blotta med ett hugg eller en stt, a o s skall du inte avvrja det. Utan vnta tills du kan n over honom med a a a a ett hugg fr ovan mot huvudet eller en vre stt, s blir han utskmd an o o a a av dig, eftersom alla Oberhau och alla vre attacker n lngre n de o ar a a undre.
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English Translation
About reaching-over. The one who aims underneath, reach over him, so he will be defeated. When it clashes above, be strong: that I will praise. Do your work or strike hard twice. In Zufechten, when he aims for a lower opening with a cut or a thrust, do not defend yourself against it. Rather, wait until you can reach over him with a strike from above against the head or a thrust from above, so he will be defeated by you, because all Oberhau and all high attacks reach further than lower strikes.
Translation Notes
The term berlauen is often translated into English as overreaching, a word u which I believe has been used mistakenly to describe this concept. Uberlauen is about reaching over your opponents low strike using your greater range; it is about having a longer reach than your foe. In contrast, overreaching in English means reaching too far or putting ones self into a dangerous position, which is not even remotely close to the intended meaning of this concept. For this reason, I have chosen to translate uberlauen as reaching-over rather than overreaching, since I believe this is a better description and allows for a more correct visualisation of how it should be performed.
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Swedish Transcription
Hur man skall stta hugg och stick sidan. a at Lr dig stta sidan, a a at hmma skickligt hugg och sttar a o den som stter mot dig o honom trar din spets och hans kontras. a Fr b sidor an ada trar du alltid om du tar ett steg. a Du skall lra dig att skickligt stta hugg och sttar sidan, s att din a a o at a spets trar honom och hans blir kontrad. a Nr n a agon st mot dig och h ar aller sitt svrd s som om han tnker stta a a a o dig underifr s st mot honom i garden Pug p din hgra sida och an, a a a o ge dig sjlv en blotta p vnster sida. a a a Sticker han dig underifr mot denna blotta, s vinda med svrdet mot an a a hans stt ut din vnstra sida och stig mot honom med den hgra o at a o foten, s trar din spets och hans missar. a a En teknik till fr sidosttande. an a Nr du st mot honom i garden Pug p din vnstra sida: hugger a ar a a han dig d mot den vre blottan p din vnstra sida s far upp med a o a a a svrdet och ut den vnstra sidan mot hans hugg, med hjaltet framfr a at a o huvudet; och stig emot honom med den hgra foten och stt honom i o o ansiktet.
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English Translation
How one shall set aside cuts and thrusts. Learn to set aside, skillfully arrest cuts and thrusts. That which is thrust against you, meet him with your point and he is countered. From both sides you always strike if you take a step. You shall learn to skillfully set aside cuts and thrusts, so that your point strikes him and he is countered. When someone stands against you and holds his sword as if he thinks to thrust at you from below, stand against him in the Plough guard [Pug] on your right side and give yourself an opening on the left side. If he then thrusts from below to this opening, wind with your sword against his thrust, out to your left side, and step towards him with your right foot, so you can hit with your point as he misses. Another technique for setting aside. When you stand against him in the Plough guard [Pug] on your left side: if he cuts at you towards the upper opening on your left side then go up and out to the left side with the sword against his cut, with the hilt in front of the head; and step towards him with the right foot and thrust at his face.
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Swedish Transcription
Om genomvxling. a Lr dig vxla genom a a p b sidorna, skada med sttar. a ada o Den som binder mot dig genomvxlandet nner honom snabbt. a Du skall noga lra dig vxla igenom. Nr du hugger eller stter in mot a a a o honom i Zufechten och han frsker binda mot svrdet med ett hugg o o a eller en avvrjning, s l spetsen svepa igenom under hans svrd, och a a at a skada honom med en stt mot den andra sidan, s nner du snabbt en o a blotta p honom. a
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English Translation
About changing-through. Learn to change-through on both sides, hurt him with thrusts. He who binds against you the changing-through nds him quickly. You shall learn carefully to change-through. When you strike or thrust in against him in Zufechten and he tries to bind against the sword with a cut or a parry, let the point sweep through under his sword, and hurt him with a thrust to the other side, quickly nd one of his openings.
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Swedish Transcription
Om ryckandet. Trd nra inp i bindningen, a a a ryckandet ger dig goda fynd. Ryck! Trar det, ryck igen. a Hitta mjligheter att jobba: det gr ont. o o Ryck i alla kamper mot mstarna, om du vill narra dem. a Nr du kommer mot honom i Zufechten, s hugg in kraftfullt uppifr a a an fr din hgra axel mot huvudet. an o Binder han d med en avvrjning eller liknande mot svrdet, s trd i a a a a a bindningen nra inp honom och ryck ditt svrd upp bort fr hans a a a at an och hugg tillbaka uppifr mot honom p den andra sidan mot huvudet. an a Avvrjer han det fr andra g a o angen, s sl tillbaka till den andra sidan a a uppifr och arbeta inkt mot de ovre oppningarna som passar dig, med an dubblerandet och andra tekniker.
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English Translation
About the twitching. Step in closer in the bind, the twitching gives you a good deal. Twitch! Meet it, then twitch again. Find openings to work: then give pain. Twitch in all ghts against the masters, if you want to trick them. When you come against him in Zufechten, strike powerfully from above from your right shoulder in against his head. If he binds against the sword with a parry or suchlike, step in closer to him in the bind and twitch your sword up and away from his and cut back down against him on the other side of the head. If he defends himself this second him, strike back to the rst side from above and work deftly against the upper openings that open to you, with doubling and other techniques.
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Aber ain durchlauen. Item, wann er dich in dem einlauen mit dem schwert oben mit strck o uber dringen will, so halt dein schwert mit der lincken hannd by dem knop und lau die clingen uber deinen ruck hangen; und lau mit dem haupt durch under sinem rechten arm, und blib mit dem rechten fu vor sinem rechten, und far mit dem rechten arme hinden wol ihm umb den lyb, und fas in u din rechte h, und wir ihn u hinder dich.
Ain ringen am schwert. Item, wann ainer dem andern einlaut, so lau dein schwert u der lincken hand und halt es in der rechten; und sto sein schwert mit dinem gehltze u din rechte sytten von dir, u
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und spring mit dem lincken fu fr sinen rechten, und far ihm dem u lincken arm hinden wol um den lyb, und fasse ihn u din lincke he, u und wir ihn fr dich. u Doch lug, das es dir nit fel.
Aber ain ringen am schwert. Item, wann ainer dem andern ein laut, so lau din schwert us der lincken hand und halt es in der rechten; und sto mit dem gehltz sein u schwert u din rechte sytten von dir, und spring mit dem lincken fu hinder seinen rechten, und far ihm mit dem lincken arme vornen under sin brste wol um den lyb; und wir u ihn uber dein fu hindersich.
Aber ain ringen am schwert. Item, wann du mit ainem einlauest, so lau dein schwert u der lincken hannd Und halt es in der rechten. Und far ihm mit dem knop ussen uber seinen rechten arm, Und zch domitt undersich; u und mit der lincken hannd begry sein rechte elnbogen, und spring mit dem lincken fu fr seinen rechten, und ruch ihn also uber den fu u u din rechte sytten.
Aber ain ringen am schwert. Item, wann ainer dem andern eynlaut, so far mit lincker verkrter hand o uber sinen rechten arm und begry da mit dinen rechten arm; und druck mit dinem rechten arm sinen rechten uber dinen lincken, und spring mit dinem rechten fu hinder sinen rechten, und wende dich von ihm u dine lincke sytten: so wirestu ihn uber din rechten he. u
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Ain ander ringen am schwert. Item, wann ainer dem andern eynlaut, so verkr dein lincke hannd Und o far domitt uber sinen rechten arm; und begrie domitt syn schwert by der handhbe zwischen sinen baiden henden, und rucke u dein lincke a sytten: so nimest du ihm das schwert. Da wurd in ubel kyen.
Ain schwert nemen. Item, wenn er mit versetzen oder sunst an din schwert bindet, so begry mit lincker verkrter hand bayde schwert in den clingen. Und halt sie o veste zu samen, und far mit der rechten hand gegen diner lincken sytten mit dem knop unden durch, ihm uber sein bayde hende; und ruck domitt ubersich u din rechte sytten: so belyben dir bayde schwert.
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Swedish Transcription
Om genomlpande. o Lp igenom! L hnga o at a med knappen, greppa om du vill brottas. Nr n a agon r stark mot dig: a kom d ih att lpa igenom. a ag o Nr n a agon rusar in p den andre och far upp med armarna och vill a overmanna dig ovan med styrka; s far aven du upp med arnarna och a h ditt svrd i knappen med den vnstra handen over ditt huvud, och all a a l klingan hnga bakom ver din rygg. at a o Och lp med ditt huvud igenom under hans hgra arm, och ta ett spr o o ang med den hgra foten bakom hans hgra. Och i spr o o anget far du med din hgra arm ordentligt framfr och runt livet p honom, och f o o a anga honom p s stt p din hgra hft och kasta honom framfr dig. a a a a o o o
En annan genomlpning. o Nr han rusar in p dig och kraftfullt frsker overmanna dig ovan med a a o o svrdet, s h ditt svrd i knappen med den vnstra handen och l a a all a a at klingan hnga bakom over din rygg, a och lp med huvudet igenom under hans hgra arm och st kvar med o o a den hgra foten framfr hans hgra, och far med den hgra armen oro o o o dentligt bakom och runt livet p honom, och f a anga honom p din hgra a o hft och kasta honom bakom dig. o
En brottning vid svrdet. a Nr n a agon rusar in p den andre, s slpp ditt svrd ur den vnstra a a a a a handen och h det i den hgra; och stt hans svrd med ditt hjalt all o o a at din hgra sida bort fr dig, o an
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och ta ett spr med den vnstra foten framfr hans hgra, och far ang a o o med din vnstra arm bakom och ordentligt runt livet, och f a anga honom p din vnstra hft och kasta honom framfr dig. a a o o Men se upp s att det inte misslyckas dig. a
Annu en brottning vid svrdet. a Nr n a agon rusar in p den andre, s slpp ditt svrd ur den vnstra a a a a a handen och h det i den hgra; och stt hans svrd med ditt hjalt ut all o o a din hgra sida bort fr dig, at o an och ta ett spr med den vnstra foten bakom hans hgra, och far med ang a o din vnstra arm framfr och under hans brst ordentligt runt livet, och a o o kasta honom bak ver din fot. at o
Annu en brottning vid svrdet. a Nr du rusar in p en annan, s slpp ditt svrd ur den vnstra handen a a a a a a och h det i den hgra. Och far med knappen utanfr over hans hgra all o o o arm, och ryck den ner drmed. at a Och greppa med den vnstra handen hans hgra armb och ta ett a o age spr med den vnstra foten framfr hans hgra, och ryck honom ang a o o s alunda ver foten ut din hgra sida. o at o
Annu en brottning vid svrdet. a Nr n a agon rusar in p den andre, s far med omvnd vnsterhand over a a a a hans hgra arm och greppa drmed din hgra arm; och tryck med din o a o hgra arm hans hgra over din vnstra, o o a och ta ett spr med din hgra fot bakom hans hgra, och vnd dig ang o o a bort fr honom ut din vnstra sida, s kastar du honom ver din an at a a o hgra hft. o o
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En annan brottning vid svrdet. a Nr n a agon rusar in p den andre, s vnd din vnstra hand och far med a a a a den over hans hgra arm; och greppa drmed hans svrd i handtaget o a a mellan hans b hnder, och ryck ut din vnstra sida, s tar du ada a at a a svrdet ifr honom. a an Det kommer att g mycket illa fr honom. a o
Ett svrdstagande. a Nr han avvrjer eller p annat stt binder mot ditt svrd, s greppa a a a a a a med omvnd vnsterhand b svrden i klingorna. Och h dem fast a a ada a all tillsammans och far med den hgra handen mot din vnstra sida med o a knappen nerifr over till andra sidan over hans b hnder; och ryck an ada a drmed upp ut din hgra sida; s beh a at at o a aller du b svrden. ada a
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English Translation
About running-through. Run-through! Let it hang with the pommel, grip if you want to grapple. When someone is strong against you: remember to run-through. When one rushes in closer to the other and goes up with the arms and wants to overpower you above with the strong; go up with your own arms and hold your sword by the pommel with the left hand over your head, and let the blade hang behind over your back. And run with your head through under his right arm and spring with the right foot behind his right foot. And as you spring, go with your right arm in front of and around his chest, and catch him around the side with your right hip and cast down him in front of you.
Another running-through. When he rushes in towards you and powerfully tries to overpower you above with the sword, hold your sword by the pommel with the left hand and let the blade hang behind over your back, and run with the head through under his right arm and stand med with right foot in front of his right foot, and go with the right arm behind and around his chest, and catch him with the right hip and cast him down behind you.
A wrestle with the sword. When one rushes in towards the other, release your sword with the left hand and hold it with the right; and with the hilt thrust his sword out to the right side away from you,
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and spring with the left foot in front of his right foot, and go with the left arm behind and around his chest, and catch him with the left hip and cast him down in front of you. But watch out so that it does not go wrong for you.
Another wrestle with the sword. When one rushes in towards the other, release your sword with the left hand and hold it with the right; and with the hilt thrust his sword out to the right side away from you, and spring with the left foot behind of his right foot, and go with the left arm in front of and under his chest, and catch him with the left hip and cast him backwards over your foot.
Another wrestle with the sword. When you rush in towards another, release your sword with the left hand and hold it with the right. And go with the pommel outside and over his right arm, and thus twitch it downwards. And grip his right elbow with your left hand and spring with the left foot in front of his right foot, and pull him over the foot out to your right side.
Another wrestle with the sword. When one rushes in towards the other, so go with the reversed left hand over his right arm and grip your right arm; and push his right arm over his left with your right arm, and spring with your right foot behind his right foot, and turn away from him to your left side, and so cast him over your right hip.
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Another wrestle with the sword. When one rushes in towards the other, turn your left hand and go with it over his right arm; and grip his swords handle between his two hands, and pull it out to your left side, and so you will take the sword from him. This will be very bad for him.
A sword capture. When he parries or in another manner binds against your sword, grip with a turned left hand both the swords by the blades. And hold them tightly together and go with the right hand out to your left side with the pommel from below round to the other side over both his hands; and pull upwards out to your right side; you will hold both swords.
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Aber ain schnitt. Item, wann du ihm mit ainem haw oder sunst starck u sin schwert bindest, laust er dann sein schwert abschnappen von dem dinen und schlecht dir oben zu dem kop, so verwende din schwert mit dem gehltz fr dein u u haupt und schnyd ihm unden durch sin arm; und setz mit dem schnitt den ort unden an sin brust.
Aber ain schnitt. Item, den schnidt tryb also: wenn dir ainer an das schwert bindt gegen diner lincken sytten und schlecht umb vom schwert mit der zwerche oder sunst dir zu der rechten sytten, so spring mit dem lincken fu u dem haw u sin rechte syttenn und fall ihm mit der langen schniden oben uber bayde arm. Das tryb zu baiden syttenn.
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Von der verwandlung der schnitt. Die schnyde wende, zu slechen druck die hende. Das ist: wann du ihm in dein einlauen kanst mit dem undern schnitt unden in sin arm, da dein ort gegen siner rechten sytten augt, so a truck mit dem schnitt vast ubersich. Und mit dem trucken spring mit dem lincken fu u syn rechte sytten, und wende din schwert mit der langen schniden oben uber sein arme, das din ort gegen siner lincken sytten u gee; und truck sin arm domit von dir.
Swedish Transcription
Om skrande. a Skr av hindren a nerifr hotar b honom. an ada Fyra r skren; a a tv under och tv ver. a ao Det nns fyra skr. a Gr det frsta s hr: Nr han rusar inp dig och far hgt upp med aro o a a a a o marna och vill overmanna dig med styrka uppifr mot din vnstra sida, an a s vnd ditt svrd och fall med den l a a a anga eggen med korsade hnder a under hans hjalt mot hans arm; och tryck med skret upp a at. Eller rusar han in mot din hgra sida, s fall med den korta eggen mot o a hans arm och tryck upp som frut. at o
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Ett annat skr. a Nr du med ett hugg eller p annat stt binder starkt mot hans svrd; a a a a l han d sitt svrd snppa ivg fr ditt och hugger dig uppifr ater a a a a an an mot huvudet, s vnd ditt svrd med hjaltet framfr ditt huvud och a a a o skr honom underifr ver hans arm; och stt i skret spetsen ner mot a an o o a hans brst. o
Ett annat skr. a Nr n a agon binder ditt svrd mot din vnstra sida och sl runt fr a a ar an svrdet med tvrset eller liknande mot den hgra sidan, s ta ett spr a a o a ang med den vnstra foten ut fr hugget ut hans hgra sida och fall med a an at o den l anga eggen uppifr over b armarna. Gr detta p b sidorna. an ada o a ada
Om frvandlingen av skret. o a Vnd eggen, a fr att y, tryck hnderna. o a Nr du kan komma med ett undre snitt mot hans arm nr han rusar inp a a a dig, s att din spets g ut mot hans hgra sida; s tryck med skret a ar o a a ordentligt upp Och i tryckandet, ta ett spr med den vnstra foten at. ang a ut hans hgra sida, och vnd ditt svrd med den l at o a a anga eggen ovanifr an over hans armar s att din spets g ut mot hans vnstra sida; och tryck a ar a drmed hans armar bort fr dig. a an
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English Translation
About slicing. Slice by the obstacles, from below threaten him. Four are the slices, two below and two above. There are four slices. Understand this: when he rushes in towards you and goes high up with the arms and wants to overpower you with strength from above against your left side, wind your sword and fall with the long edge with crossed hands under his hilt against his arm; and press upwards with the slice. Or if he rushes in towards your right side, fall with the short edge against his arm and press upwards as before.
Another slice. When with a strike or in some other manner you bind strongly with his sword; let him pull his sword away from you and strike from above to your head. Then wind your sword with the hilt in front of your head and slice his arm from below; and thrust the point in the slice down into his breast.
Another slice. When someone binds your sword to your left side and strikes round from the sword with the Zwerchau or suchlike to your right side, spring with the left foot out to his right side away from the strike, and fall with the long edge from above over both arms. Do this on both sides.
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About the transforming of the slice. Wind the edge, to avoid, press the hands. When you can come with an under-slice to his arm when he rushes in, so that your point goes out to his right side; press upwards with the slice. And in the pressing, spring with the left foot out to his right side, and wind your sword with the long edge from above over his arms so that your point goes out to his left side; and press his arms away from you.
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Swedish Transcription
Om tv hnganden. a a Tv hngande blir det a a fr varje hand fr marken. an an I alla rrelser: o hugg, sttar, garder mjukt eller h o art. Det nns tv hnganden fr varje hand och fr varje sida fr marken. a a an an an Nr du binder mot hans svrd med ett nedre sidosttande mot din a a a vnstra sida; s hng din svrdsknapp mot marken och stt honom una a a a o derifr upp mot ansiktet fr hngandet. an an a Knuar han d din spets upp med en avvrjning, s bli kvar i binda at a a ningen och far med honom upp, och hng spetsen ovanifr ner mot a an at hans ansikte. Och i de tv hngandena skall du inkt anvnda alla tekniker: hugg, a a a sttar och skr; efter det att du i bindningen mot svrdet mrkt om han o a a a ar mjuk eller h i den. ard
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English Translation
About the two hangings. There are two hangings from each hand to the ground. In all movements: strikes, thrusts, guards soft or hard. There are two hangings from each hand and on each side towards the ground. When you bind against his sword with a lower setting-aside to your left side; hang your pommel to the ground and thrust him from below up into the face from the hanging. If he pushes your point upwards with a parry, stay in the bind and go up with him, and hang the point from above downwards towards his face. And in the two hangings you shall deftly use all techniques: strikes, thrusts and slice; in the binding against the sword notice if he is soft or hard.
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Swedish Transcription
Om Sprechfenster. Gr Sprechfenster: o st frejdigt, observera vad han gr. a o Sl in, nr han snpper. a a a Den som drar sig tillbaka fr dig, an sannerligen sger jag dig: a ingen man kan skert skydda sig utan fara! a Har du frst detta korrekt, o att kan han knappast komma till slag. Det kallas talesfnstret: nr han med hugg eller avvrjning binder o a a mot svrdet, s h emot starkt med den l a a all anga eggen mot hans svrd a med utstrckta armar, med spetsen framfr hans ansikte, och st lugnt a o a och observera vad han frsker gra mot dig. o o o Sl han runt med svrdet med ett Oberhau mot dig p den andra sidan, ar a a s flj efter och bind kraftfullt hans hugg med den l a o anga eggen uppifr an in mot huvudet. Eller sl han runt med tvrset, s fall med det ovre skret mot hans ar a a a armar. Eller rycker han svrdet till sig och tnker stta dig underifr flj efter a a o an, o honom i bindningen, och stt honom ovan. o Eller vill han varken dra tillbaka fr svrdet eller sl runt, s jobba i an a a a bindningen med dubblerandet eller med andra tekniker allt eftersom du mrker om han r mjuk eller h i bindningen. a a ard
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English Translation
About the speaking window (Sprechfenster). Doing the speaking window: stand straight, observe what he does. Strike in, when he twitches. About the one who draws himself away from you, truly I say this to you: no man can truly defend himself without danger! If you have understood this correctly, he can rarely come to blows. It is called the speaking window: when he binds against the sword with a strike or parry, hold strongly with the long edge against his sword with outstretched arms, with the point in front of his face, and stand calmly and observe what he tries to do against you. If he strikes round with the sword in an Oberhau against you to your other side, follow after and bind powerfully on his cut with the long edge from above in to the head. Or if he strikes round in a Zwerchau, fall with the upper slice against his arms. Or if he twitches the sword and thinks to stab you from below, follow after him in the bind, and thrust into him from above. Or if he does not draw back from the sword, nor strikes round, work in the bind with the doubling and with other techniques all because you mark if he is soft or hard in the bind.
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Swedish Transcription
Det som kallas den utstrckta spetsen (Langenort). a Innan du kommer fr nra honom i Zufechten, s stt din vnstra fot o a a a a fram och h spetsen mot honom med utstrckta armar mot ansiktet all a eller brstet. o Hugger han dig uppifr och ner mot huvudet, s vinda med svrdet an a a mot hans hugg och stt honom i ansiktet. o Eller hugger han fr ovan ner eller nerifr mot ditt svrd och frsker an at an a o o sl undan spetsen fr dig, s vxla igenom och stt honom p den andra a o a a o a sidan mot blottan. Eller trar han kraftfullt svrdet med hugget, s l ditt svrd snppa a a a at a a runt. S trar du in mot huvudet. Rusar han inp dig, s brottas eller a a a a skr honom. Se upp s att det inte misslyckas dig! a a
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English Translation
That which is called the long point (Langenort). Before you come too close to him in Zufechten, set your left foot forwards and hold the point towards him with outstretched arms towards the face or the chest. If he cuts at you from above and down towards your head, wind with the sword against his cut and stab him in the face. Or if he cuts from above or from below against your sword and tries to knock the point away, change through and stab him on the other side into the opening. Or if he meets the sword powerfully with the cut, let your sword snap round. Thus you strike in against the head. If he rushes in towards you, grapple or slice him. Watch out so that it does not go wrong for you!
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Swedish Transcription
Sammanfattningen av lroverserna. a Den som fr sig vl och kontrar rtt o a a och itigt helt underrttar sig a och srskilt kontrar a var och en av de tre s ararna, den som helt rtt hnger, a a och tar med vindningar i det, och vindningar atta p rtt stt frst a a a o ar och som var och en av vindningarna sjlv trefaldigar, s menar jag a a att de r tjugo a och fyra, rknade var och en a fr b sidorna. an ada Lr dig vindningar med steg. a atta Och prva alla tekniker o inte mer n mjukt eller h a art. Detta r en lektion, som kortfattat gr lroverserna begripliga fr dig. a o a o Lr dig allts Att du vl skall underrtta dig om och va konsten mot a a: a a o den du fktas med, s att du vet att anvnda dina kontringar mot hans a a a tekniker. Srskilt att du fr varje kontring kan jobba med tre s a an arare. Du skall ocks vl hnga i bindningen, och ur hngandena skall du a a a a anvnda vindningar, och dessa vindningar skall du fundera over, s a atta a att du sjlv vet att anvnda alla p tre stt. a a a a
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English Translation
The summary of the markverses. He who does well, who counters correctly and diligently and who understands completely, and especially who counters everyone by the three wounders, he who lets go completely and takes it into the wind by eight windings, and who understands correctly that each of the windings are threefold, so I mean that there are twenty and four, counted on both sides. Learn the eight windings with steps. And test all techniques no more than you test for weak or hard. This is a lesson, which summarises the markverses so that they are comprehensible for you. Learn also: that you shall acquaint yourself well with and train the art by which you fence, so that you know to use your counters against his techniques. Especially that you can work with the three wounders from every counter. You shall also hang well in the bind, and from the hangings you will use eight windings, and you will study these windings, so that you know to use all of the three methods.
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Swedish Transcription
Hur du skall anvnda hnganden och vindningarna. a a Det nns fyra bindningar mot svrdet, tv ovre och tv undre. Nu skall a a a du ur varje bindning med svrdet srskilt anvnda tv vindningar. a a a a Binder han ovan mot din vnstra sida, s vinda den korta eggen mot a a hans svrd och far ordentligt upp med armarna; och hng in spetsen a at a ovanifr mot honom och stt honom i ansiktet. an o Avvrjer han stten, s l spetsen hnga in ovanifr i bindningen och a o a at a an vinda ut din hgra sida. Detta ar tv vindningar p var sin sida om at o a a svrdet. a Eller binder han ovan mot din hgra sida, s vinda den l o a anga eggen mot hans svrd mot din hgra sida. Och far upp ordentligt med armarna a o och hng in spetsen uppifr och stt honom i ansiktet. a an o Avvrjer han stten kraftfullt, s l i bindningen spetsen hnga in mot a o a at a honom uppifr och vinda ut din vnstra sida och stt. an at a o Detta r fyra vindningar fr de tv ovre bindningarna p vnster och a an a a a hger sida. o Nu skall du veta att du fr de tv undre bindningarna ocks skall an a a anvnda fyra vindningar med alla tekniker du anvnder fr de vre: a a an o allts blir det vindningar ovan och nedan. a atta Och tnk p att du fr varje vindning srskilt kan anvnda ett hugg a a an a a eller skr och en stt. Och de kallas de tre s a o ararna, som man p tjugoa fyra stt kan och br anvnda fr de vindningarna. a o a an atta Och de atta vindningarna skall du lra dig vl p b sidorna, s a a a ada a att du med varje s arare precist kan knna om han ar mjuk eller h i a ard bindningen, och inte mer. Och nr du har knt de tv sakerna s anvnd a a a a a korrekt teknikerna som hr till vindningarna. Om du inte gr det s blir o o a du slagen trots alla vindningar.
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English Translation
How you shall use the hanging and the windings. There are four bindings with the sword, two over and two under. Now in every binding with the sword you will use two specic windings. If he binds above on your left side, wind the short edge against his sword and go upwards with the arms; and hang the point in from above towards him and stab him in the face. If he defends against the thrust, let the point hang in from above in the bind and wind out to you right side. There are two windings around the side of the sword. Or if he binds above to your right side, wind the long edge against his sword towards your right side. And up with the arms and hang the point in from above and thrust him in the face. If he parries the thrust powerfully, so in the binding let the point hang in towards him from above and wind out to your left side and thrust. There are four windings from the two high bindings on the left and right sides. Now you shall know that from the two low bindings also you shall use four windings with all techniques you use from the over bindings: thus there are eight windings above and below. And think that from every winding you can use a strike, a slice and a thrust. And these are called the three wounders, which of the twenty four methods one can and should use from the eight windings. And the eight windings you shall learn well on both sides, so that with every wounder you can feel precisely if he is soft or hard in the bind, and no more. And when you have felt these two things, use the correct techniques that are companion to the windings. If you do not do this then you will be beaten despite all windings.
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Item, ist er nider mit den henden und will dir u fallen, so streych durch u die anderen sytten und sto in zu der brust: da ist durch gewechslet. Item, wann du durch streychst, so fall ihm mit der langen schniden u sin schwert Und wind u din lincke sytten, das din daum unden kompt. Und far ihm mit der langen schniden an sinen rechten hal mit der strck, und spring mit dem rechten fu hinder sinen lincken, Und ruck o ihn mit dem schritt daruber. Item, wann du u dem streychen durchwechselst Und kompst zu der andern sytten oben u sin schwert, so magst du die stuck glych als wol tryben al vor u gener sytten mit zeckrren und mit allen dingen. u
Swedish Transcription
Hur man fktas fr de nedre garderna det vill sga med a an a svepen. Vet, att det ar bra att fktas med svep. Aven om de inte nmns i a a lroverserna, s kommer dock teknikerna man anvnder fr att fktas a a a o a fr dem fr lroverserna. an an a Och svepen skall man gra fr den vnstra sidan, eftersom de fr den o an a an hgra sidan inte r lika skra som fr den vnstra. o a a an a Nr du st i Nebenhut ut din vnstra sida och n a ar at a agon hugger mot dig uppifr och ner, s svep stadigt underifr upp in i hans svrd med an a an a den korta eggen. H aller han starkt emot och inte ar fr hgt med hnderna, s dubblera o o a a mellan mannen och hans svrd med den korta eggen mot hans vnstra a a hals. Nr du sveper upp som tidigare mot hans svrd och han ar mjuk i a at a bindningen och har hnderna l s hugg honom genast med den l a agt, a anga eggen uppifr mot blottan. an
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Eller faller han kraftfullt med svrdet ovanp ditt, s far genast med a a a knappen over hans svrd och stanna kvar med hnderna drp och l a a a a at spetsen g bak p din vnstra sida; och snpp honom med den korta a at a a a eggen i huvudet. Nr du sveper mot hans svrd, far han d upp hgt och vindar, s sl a a a o a a honom i den hgra sidan med strckta armar och trd drmed tillbaka. o a a a Nr du sveper upp mot hans svrd, far han upp och vindar, s bind a a a starkt med den l anga eggen. Sl han d runt med Zwerchet, s sl ar a a a honom i den vnstra sidan med ett steg bak a at. Nr du anvnder svepen mot mannen, och han h sitt svrd p tvren a a aller a a a framfr sig och r hgt med armarna och frsker falla ovanp ditt svrd, o a o o o a a s svep underifr mot hans svrd och hugg honom ovanp armarna eller a an a a stt honom i brstet. o o Ar han l med hnderna och frsker falla ovanp dig, s svep igenom agt a o o a a ut den andra sidan och stt honom i brstet; det ar en genomvxling. at o o a Nr du sveper igenom, s fall med den l a a anga eggen ovanp hans svrd a a och vinda ut din vnstra sida, s att din tumme kommer under. Och at a a far med det starka p den l a anga eggen mot hans hgra hals, och ta ett o spr med den hgra foten bakom hans vnstra, och ryck honom over ang o a den med steget. Nr du vxlar igenom fr svepen och kommer till den andra sidan a a an ovanp hans svrd, s kan du lika vl utfra teknikerna som frut p a a a a o o a varje sida med ltta snabba trar och alla andra saker. a a
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English Translation
How one fences from the lower guards that is to say with the sweeps. Know that it is good to fence with sweeps. Even if they are not named in the markverses, one can use the techniques from the markverses to fence from the sweeps. And the sweeps shall be done from the left side, because from the right side they are not as safe as those from the left. When you stand in the the Nebenhut out to the left side and one cuts against you down from above, sweep rmly from below up into his sword with the short edge. If he holds strongly against you and is not too high with the hands, double between the man and his sword with the short edge to the left of his neck. When you sweep upwards as previously against his sword and he is weak in the bind and has his hands low, cut him immediately with the long edge from above into the opening. Or if he falls powerfully with the sword on top of yours, go immediately with the pommel over his sword and remain there with the hands. Then let the point go backwards to your left side; and strike him with the short edge in the head. When you sweep against his sword, if he goes up high and winds, strike him in the right side with outstretched arms and step backwards. When you sweep up against his sword, if he goes up and winds, bind strongly with the long edge. If he strikes round with a Zwerchau, strike him in the left side with a step backwards. When you use the weapon against the man, and he holds his sword in the Zwerch in front of him and is high with the arms and tries to fall onto your sword, sweep from below against his sword and cut him onto the arms or thrust into his chest.
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If he is low with the hands and tries to fall on top of you, sweep through out to the other side and thrust into his chest; this is a changing-through. When you sweep through, fall with the long edge onto his sword and wind out to the left side, so that your thumb comes under. And go with the strong of the long edge against the right side of his neck, and spring with the right foot behind his left, and push him over it with the step. When you change-through from the sweeps and come to the other side onto his sword, you can perform the techniques well as before from both sides with fast and easy strikes and all other things.
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Swedish Transcription
En Zufechten fr sidosttandet. an a Nr du fktas med n a a agon och nr du kommer i nrheten av honom, s a a a stll dig i Pug; och anvnd sedan inkt vindningar fr ena sidan till a a an den andra s att du stndigt beh a a aller din spets p samma stlle. a a Och fr detta kan du anvnda avvrjningarna, det ar avst an a a andet; och du kan dessutom bli starkare med den l anga eggen och drifr anvnda a an a alla frut nmnda tekniker. Du kan ocks stta hugg och sttar sidan o a a a o ar och enkelt kontra dem med vindningar och ska blottan med spetsen. o
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English Translation
A Zufechten from the setting-aside. When you fence with someone and when you come close to him, you should stand in the Plough [Pug]; and then use windings deftly from one side to the other so that you are always keeping your point in the one place. And from this you can use the parries, it is the distance; and furthermore you can become stronger with the true edge and from there use all aforementioned techniques. You can also set aside cuts and thrusts and counter them simply with windings and seek the opening with the point.
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Swedish Transcription
Gr Schrankhut s hr: o a a Nr du fktas med n a a agon och kommer i nrheten av honom, s st med a a a den vnstra foten fram och lgg svrdet med spetsen mot marken p a a a a din hgra sida, s att den l o a anga eggen r upp och fr den vnstra a at; an a sidan den korta eggen ner och [den hgra] foten fram. at o Anvnd dessa tekniker fr Schrankhut: a an Hugger n agon dig fr ovan eller nerifr och upp, s hugger du honom an an a med Krump mot blottan med ett steg bort at. Eller hugg honom krumt mot atsidan och s fort det sl samman s a ar a sk det nra [allts det som ar nrmast] med den korta eggen. o a a, a Eller anvnd vndaren med spetsen mot hans ansikte. Och nr han a a a binder mot dig, s bli stark med den l a anga eggen. Och du kan anvnda a alla tekniker som tidigare nmnts i svepen. a
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English Translation
Do the Schrankhut like this: When you fence with someone and come close to him, stand with the left foot forwards and put your sword with the point towards the ground on your right side, so that the true edge is upwards; and from the left side the false edge downwards and the right foot forwards. Use these techniques from the Schrankhut: If someone cuts at you from above or up from below, strike at him with the Krumphau to the opening with a step away. Or strike a Krumphau at him with the at of the blade and as soon as the swords come together, seek the nearest opening with the false edge. Or use the turner with the point towards his face. And when he binds against you, become strong with the long edge. And you can use all techniques which were earlier named in the sweeps.
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Swedish Transcription
Det kallas det lilla hjulet. Nr du fktas med n a a agon, s strck dina armar l a a angt framfr dig s att o a din tumme r ovanp svrdet, och vnd inkt svrdet framfr dig med a a a a a o spetsen runt precis som ett hjul underifr ut din vnstra sida; och an at a g p detta stt mot mannen. a a a Och drifr kan du vxla igenom ut vilken sida du vill eller binda a an a at mot honom. Och nr du bundit s kan du anvnda vilken teknik du vill den som a a a tycks dig bst som tidigare. a
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English Translation
That which is called the little wheel. When you fence with someone, stretch out your arms far in front of you so that your thumb is above the sword, and turn the sword deftly in front of you with the point going round precisely like a wheel from below out to your left side; and go in this manner against the man. And from there you can change through out to whichever side you would like or bind with him. And when you have bound you can use whatever technique you want that which you believe will be best as before.
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Swedish Transcription
Kontringar. Kontra tvrset s hr. a a a Nr du st i garden Vom Tag och n a ar agon hugger mot dig med tvrset, s a a hugg genast Zornhau med det starka ovanp hans svrd, och sk blottan a a o med spetsen. Och frsker han d sl runt med tvrset mot den andra sidan, s o o a a a a frekommer du honom med tvrset under hans svrd mot halsen, eller o a a skr med den l a anga eggen i armen, nr han sl runt. a ar En kontring mot kontringen. Nr du Zwerchar och n a agon vill frekomma dig med ett Zwerch under o ditt svrd mot halsen, s fall kraftfullt ner mot honom med den l a a anga eggen ovanp hans svrd, s kontrar du det. Tag nrmaste blotta som a a a a du kan. Mot skret underifr mot armarna. a an Nr du hugger in uppifr mot n a an agon och han avvrjer det och far hgt a o upp med hjaltet, och aven du, och ni rusar inp varandra, s tag det a a undre skret. a Och om han frsker ta det undre skret under dina hnder i armen, s o o a a a flj efter hans svrd ner med den l o a at anga eggen och tryck ner, s har du a kontrat det. Och sk blottan. o Men nr du kommer hgt med armarna, och han ocks och ni b a o a, ada rusar in; och frsker han d stta dig mot brstet eller under ogonen o o a o o med knappen genom armarna under dina hnder, s far kraftfullt ner a a at med knappen med armarna, s har du kontrat det. a Nr du har bundit med n a agon, och han vxlar igenom med knappen och a byter till halvsvrd; det kontrar du enkelt med det vre skret. Och i a o a skret kan du falla in i halvsvrd och attackera honom. a a
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English Translation
Counters. Counter the Zwerchau like this. Whe you stand in the guard Vom Tag and someone cuts against you with the Zwerchau, so immediately strike a Zornhau with the strong on top of his sword, and seek the opening with the point. And if he tries to strike round with the Zwerchau to the other side, come to him with the Zwerchau under his sword to his neck, or slice with the long edge into the arm, when he strikes round. A counter against the counter. When you Zwerchau and someone wants to come to you with a Zwerchau under your sword to your neck, fall powerfully down onto him with the long edge on top of his sword, and thus you will counter it. Take the nearest opening that you can. Against the slice from below to the arms. When you strike against someone and he parries it and goes up with the hilt, and you do likewise, and you both rush in close together, you should do the under-slice. And if he tries to do the under-slice under your hands into the arm, follow after his sword downwards with the long edge and push down, so that you have countered it. And seek the opening. But when you come high with the arms, and he does the same, and you both rush in; and if he tries then to stab you to the chest or under the eyes with the pommel through the arms under your hands, go powerfully downwards with the pommel with the arms, so you have countered that. When you have bound with someone, and he changes through the pommel and adopts the halfsword; this you counter simply with the upperslice. And in the slice you can come into the halfsword and attack him.
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Swedish Transcription
Vidare frklaringar om zornhau. o Men den som hugger dig hotas av Zornhau-ort Blir han varse den s tag av ovan utan fara. a Nr n a agon hugger p dig uppifr s hugg zornhau med den l a an, a anga eggen s som det visats fr dig mot hans hugg mot hans svrd med ditt a o a svrds l a anga egg och vinda omedelbart din spets mot honom, mot hans ansikte, med makt det vill sga kraftfullt. a Och blir han d varse den det vill sga spetsen och avvrjer med en a a a fri avvrjning; s tag av ovan s som avtagandet blivit visat fr a a a o dig, hur du skall ta av nr n a agon avvrjer dig fritt. a Eller h annars hugget mot nrmaste [blotta] i bindningen s som jag all a a visat det fr dig med det kommer du fram tidigare an med avtagandet. o Om han avvrjer dig och om detta slaget [dvs. det just nmnda i binda a ningen] ocks blir avvrjt, s gr omedelbart detsamma mot det, eller a a a o en oavbruten vindning med en stt eller ett hugg. o Vet ocks om n a, agon hugger mot dig: att du ocks med frdel endast a o kan anvnda Zornort, och du avvrjer ocks nr du anvnder den rtt a a a a a a s som du f lra dig den och den ar sv att avvrja. a att a ar a Nr du mycket grna vill komma n a a at agon s anvnd den [dvs. zornort] a a mot honom, vad han an gr, hugger eller stter mot dig. S m han o o a aste avvrja den, och s kan du anvnda de tidigare nmnda teknikerna. a a a a
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English Translation
Further commentary on the Zornhau. He who strikes at you is threatened by the Zornhau-ort. If he notices this then take o above without danger. When someone strikes at you from above, cut a Zornhau with the long edge as has been described earlier against his cut onto his sword with the long edge and immediately wind your point towards him, to his face, with might; that is to say, powerfully. And if he becomes aware of this that is to say, the point and defends with an open parry, so take o above just as the taking-o has been shown to you, how you shall take o when someone parries you freely. Or otherwise hold the strike against the nearest opening in the bind as I have shown for you with that, you should come to him with a technique as described earlier instead of with the taking-o. If he parries you and if this strike is also parried, immediately do the same again, or a continuous winding with a thrust or a cut. Know also, if one cuts against you: that there are only benets when you use the Zornort, and you also defend yourself when you use it correctly as you have learned here and it is dicult to defend against. When you really want to come against someone, use this against him, whatever he then does, cutting or thrusting against you. He must defend against it, and so you can use the techniques named earlier.
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Swedish Transcription
Att stta sidan krumt. a at Nr du fktas med n a a agon: allt som n agon hugger mot dig som inte kommer rakt fr ovan mot dig, det avvrjer du med krummet, eftersom an a lroverserna sger: a a Den som krumt vl avvrjer a a med steg kommer att hindra hugg. Om n agon hugger s mot dig, s far krumt mot honom p det s har du a a a a kommit innan det. Arbeta fr alber, och vinda din spets mot honom an eller hugg, s m han avvrja dig. a aste a Finta eller stt, eller vinda oavbrutet eller annars svep; eller fall over, o nr n a agon avvrjer dig ner eller tar avvrjningen fr l a at a o angt ut sidan. at Du skall ocks anvnda snygga sidosttningar mot hugg eller sttar s a a a o a som du blivit lrd det, s att du inte gr dem strre an ndvndigt, och a a o o o a s att din spets vid alla tillfllen st mot hans ansikte, [redo] fr en stt. a a ar o o Och om han fr din avvrjning sl runt mot den andra sidan s flj an a ar a o inte efter honom och vinda, som om du ville avvrja p andra sidan. a a Utan stanna kvar och stt, s har du avvrjt och s m han rdda o a a a aste a sig fr din stt; s kommer du till dina tekniker. an o a Om n agon annan ocks kan n a agot om lroverserna och anvnder krump a a fr att avvrja dina tekniker, s vindar han en stt mot dig; s var o a a o a uppmrksam p detta och stt beslutsamt hans stt eller hugg sidan a a a o at och i detsamma skjut snabbt in din stt eller ett hugg, s att du alltid o a arbetar s att han m avvrja dig innan du behver [avvrja] honom. a aste a o a Och nr du vat dig p detta s att du ar skicklig p och redo fr det a o a a a o nr du avvrjer n a a agon, s att du inte anstrnger dig mot en stt eller a a o hugg, s kan du stra honom och kontra det som han tagit sig fr mot a o o dig, eftersom han alltid m kontra och avvrja dina [tekniker] fre. aste a o
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English Translation
To set aside with the Krumphau. When you fence with someone: all that he strikes against you that does not come directly from above, these you should displace with the Krumphau, as the markverses say: He who uses the Krumphau well with a step, he is able to defend against cuts. If someone cuts against you, do the Krumphau against him in the manner you have seen before this. Work from the Fool [Alber], and wind your point against him or cut, thus he must defend himself against you. And then you come to more sweeps, which you can use against him. Feint or thrust, or wind continuously or else sweep; or fall onto, when he displaces you downwards or parries you too far out to the side. You shall also use handsome setting-asides against cuts and thrusts as you have learned this, so that you do not do them bigger than necessary, and so that your point is at all times towards his face, ready for a thrust. And if he from the displacement strikes round to the other side, follow after him and wind, as if you wanted to parry to the other side. Or rather stand and thrust, as you have parried and he must save himself from your thrust, so you should do your techniques. If someone else also knows something about the markverses and uses the Krumphau to displace your techniques, if he winds and thrusts against you; be aware of this and resolutely set aside his thrust or cut, and in the same motion quickly deliver your own thrust or a cut, so that you are always working in order that he must defend himself before you must parry him. And when you have trained yourself in this so that you are skillful and ready for when you displace someone, so that you do not stress yourself against a thrust or cut, you can trouble him and counter that which he does against you, because he must always counter and displace your techniques rst.
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