Thietke Cung Cap Dien

Trng i hc bch khoa h ni
Vin in
B mn h thng in
Bi tp ln mn hc
cung cp in
Sinh vin thc thn
Nguyn Hu Bnh
Lp
KTo & Tin CN1 K52
Ging vin hng dn
Phan ng Khi
H Ni, 5/2011
MC LC
CHNG 1. GII THIU CHUNG V NH MY ............................................3
CHNG 2. XC NH PH TI TNH TON .................................................6
2.1. t vn .........................................................................................................6
2.2. Cc phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton.................................................7
2.3. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng c kh.......................................9
2.4. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho cc phn xng cn li ............................21
2.5. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton nh my .............................................27
2.6. Xc nh tm ph ti v v biu ph ti ................................................28
CHNG 3. THIT K MNG H P CHO PHN XNG C KH ........32
3.1. Gii thiu chung v phn xng .................................................................32

3.2. La chn phng n cp in ......................................................................32
3.3. La chn cc thit b cho mng h p .........................................................35
CHNG 4. THIT K MNG IN CAO P CHO NH MY ..................43
4.1. t vn ......................................................................................................43
4.2. Vch cc phng n cp in ......................................................................43
4.3. Tnh ton chi tit cho tng phng n ........................................................52
4.4. Thit k chi tit cho phng n la chn ...................................................63
CHNG 5. TNH TON B CNG SUT PHN KHNG NNG CAO
H S CNG SUT CA NH MY..........................................73
5.1. t vn ......................................................................................................73
5.2. Xc nh v phn b dung lng b ...........................................................75
CHNG 6. THIT K H THNG CHIU SNG CHO PHN XNG C
KH ....................................................................................................77
6.1. t vn ......................................................................................................77
6.2. La chn s lng v cng sut bng n .................................................77
6.3. Thit k h thng chiu sng chung ............................................................78
Chng I:
GII THIU CHUNG V NH MY

1.1.
Gii thiu chung v nh my
Nh my C kh cng nghip a phng ( nh my s 8) l mt nh

my c qui m ln gm 10 phn xng vi tng cng sut tng i ln trn
30000 KW.
Mt bng phn xng c phn b nh sau:
9
2
T l 1:5000
Suy ra: din tch thc = din tch trn bn v 5000
Danh sch cc phn xng trong nh my

S trn mt bng
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Tn phn xng
Phn xng c kh chnh
Phn xng lp rp
Phn xng sa cha c kh
Phn xng rn
Phn xng c
B phn nn p
Phn xng kt cu kim loi
Vn phng v phng thit k
Trm bm
Chiu sng phn xng
Cng sut t
(KW)
1200
800
Theo tnh ton
600
400
450
230
80
130
Theo din tch
Nh my c tm quan trng trong nn kinh t quc dn gip chng ta

pht trin nhanh hn, phc v vic cng nghip ho hin i ho t nc. V
vy nh my c xp vo h tiu th loi mt (khng cho php mt in, cp
in c d phng). Cc phn xng sn xut theo dy truyn v c cp in
theo tiu chun loi mt.
Cn mt s phn xng nh phn xng sa cha c kh, b phn phng
ban kho tng c cp in loi 3(cho php mt in). y l cc phn xng
khng nh hng ln n tin trnh hot ng ca nh my.
Ngun in cp cho nh my c ly t li in cch nh my 15 Km,
ng dy cp in cho nh my dng loi dy AC, dung lng ngn mch v
pha h p ca trm bin p l 250 MVA, nh my lm vic 3 ca.
1.2.
Cc ni dung tnh ton thit k ch yu.
1. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng v ton nh my.

2. Thit k mng in h p cho phn xng sa cha c kh.
3. Thit k mng in cao p cho ton nh my:
Chn s lng, dung lng v v tr t bin p phn xng
4
Chn s lng, dung lng v v tr t bin p trung gian (trm
bin p x nghip) hay trm phn phi trung gian.

Thit k h thng cp in cho nh my.
4. Tnh ton b cng sut phn khng cho h thng cung cp in ca
nh my.
5. Thit k chiu sng cho phn xng sa cha c kh.
Chng II
XC NH PH TI TNH TON
CA CC PHN XNG V TON NH
2.1.
t vn
Ph ti l s liu ban u, gii quyt nhng vn tng hp v kinh

t, k thut phc tp xut hin khi thit k cung cp in cho cc x nghip cng
nghip hin i. xc nh ph ti l giai on u tin ca cng tc thit k h
thng cung cp in nhm mc ch la chn kim tra cc phn t mang in
v bin p theo phng php pht nng v cc ch tiu kinh t.
Tnh ton lch v dao ng in p la chn thit b b, thit b bo
v....
Vic la chn hp l s v cc phn t ca h thng cung cp in
dng cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ca n (Vn u t, ph tn vn hnh hng
nm, chi ph qui i, chi ph kim loi mu, tn tht in nng) u ph thuc
vo nh gi ng n k vng tnh ton (Gi tr trung bnh) ca ph ti in.
V vy thit h thng cung cp in xc nh ph ti in ngi ta
dng phng php n gin ho hoc phng php xc nh chnh xc l tu
thuc vo giai on thit k v v tr im nt tnh ton khi thit k cung cp
in cho cc x nghip cng nghip gm 2 giai on sau:
+ Giai on lm nhim v thit k.
+ Giai on v bn v cho thi cng.
Trong giai on lm thit k tnh s b gn ng ph ti in da trn c
s tng cng sut bit ca cc ngun in tiu th. giai on thit k thi
cng, ta xc nh chnh xc ph ti in da vo cc s liu c th v cc ngun
tiu th ca cc phn xng.
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton c tin hnh t bc thp n bc cao ca h
thng cung cp in theo cc im nt tnh ton trong cc li in di v
trn 1000 V.
6
Mc ch tnh ton ph ti in ti cc im nt nhm chn tit din dy

dn ca li in cung cp, phn phi in p, chn s lng v cng sut ca
my bin p v trm gim p chnh, chn tit din thanh dn ca thit b phn
phi, chn thit b chuyn mch v bo v vi in p trn v di 1000 V.
Chnh v vy ngi ta a ra mt i lng gi l ph ti tnh ton n c
nh ngha nh sau:
Ph ti ch dng thit k tnh ton n tng ng vi ph ti thc v
hiu qu pht nhit hay tc hao mn cch in trong qu trnh lm vic.
2.2
1.
Cc phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton

Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo h s hnh dng ca th ph ti v
cng sut trung bnh.
Ptt=Khd*Ptb
Vi: Khd l h s hnh dng ca th ph ti, tra trong s tay k thut.

Ptb l cng sut trung bnh ca thit b hoc nhm thit b, [KW]
2.
Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut trung bnh v

h s cc i.
Ptt=Kmax*Ptb=Kmax*Ksd*Kdt
Vi: Ptb l cng sut trung bnh ca thit b hay nhm thit b.
Kmax l h s cc i, tra trong s tay k thut.
Kmax =F(nhq,ksd)
Ksd l h s s dng, tra trong s tay k thut.
Nhq l h s s dng hiu qu.
3.
Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo xut trang b in trn

mt n v din tch.
Ptt=Po*F
Vi: Po l xut trang b in trn mt n v din tch, [w/m2]

7
F l din tch s thit b [m2].

4.
Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut trung bnh v

lch ca th ph ti khi gi tr trung bnh.
Ptt=Ptb+**
Vi : Ptb l cng sut trung bnh ca thit b hay ca nhm thit b.
lch khi th ph ti.
5.
Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut t v h s

nhu cu.
Ptt=Knc*P
Vi : Knc l h s nhu cu tra trong s tay k thut.

P l cng sut t ca thit b hoc nhm thit b, trong tnh ton
c th coi gn ng P =Pm [Kw]
6.
Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut tiu hao in

nng cho mt n v sn phm.
Ptt=Ao*M/Tmax
Vi : Ao l sut chi ph in nng cho mt n v sn phm [kw/vsp]

M l s sn phm sn xut trong mt nm.
Tmax l thi gian s dng cng sut ln nht [h]
7.
Phng php tnh trc tip.
Trong cc phng php trn ba phng php 3,5,6 da trn kinh nghim
thit k xc nh ph ti tnh ton nn ch cho cc kt qa gn ng tuy
nhin chng kh n gin v tin li. Cc phng php cn li c s dng
trn c s l thuyt xc xut thng k c xt n yu t nn cho kt qu chnh
xc hn nhng khi lng tnh ton ln v phc tp. tu theo nhu cu tnh ton
v nhng thng tin c c v ph ti, ngi thit k c th la chn nhng
phng php thch hp.
Trong bi tp ny vi phn xng xa cha c kh bit v tr, cng

sut t v ch lm vic ca tng thit b trong phn xng nn khi tnh ton
ph ti ng lc ca phn xng c th c th xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo
cng sut trung bnh v h s cc i, cc phn xng cn li do ch bit din
tch v cng sut t ca n nn xc nh ph ti tnh ton cu cc xng
ny ta s dng phng php tnh cng sut t v h s nhu cu. Ph ti chiu
sng ca cc phn xng c xc nh theo phng php sut chiu sng trn
mt n v sn xut.
2.3.
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng sa cha c kh .
2.3.1. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho cc nhm.

Danh sch my cho phn xng sa cha c kh(bn v s 3).
S th t
(k hiu
trn mt
bng)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Tn My
B phn my cng c
My ca kiu ai
Bn
Khoan bn
My p tay
My mi th
My khoan ng
My bo ngang
My xc
My mi trn vn nng
My phay rng
My phay vn nng
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
S lng
Loi
Cng sut
8531
MC-12A
3M364
2A125
736
7A420
3A130
532
BM82
1A62
IM620
163
1616
163A
163A
1.0
0.65
2.8
2.8
4.5
2.8
2.8
4.5
7.0
8.1
10.0
14.0
4.5
10.0
20.0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
B phn lp rp
My khoan ng
Cu trc
Bn lp rp
Bn
My khoan bn
My cn bng tnh
Bn
My p tay
B du c tng nhit
My co
B ngm nc nng
B ngm Natri-hidroxit
My mi th
B phn hn hi
My ren ct lin hp
Bn hn
My mi ph
Qut l rn
L trn
My p tay
Bn
My khoan ng
Bn nn
Bn nh du
B phn sa cha in
B ngm dung dch kim
B ngm nc nng
Bn
My ct vt liu cch
in
My p tay
My cun dy
My cun dy
B ngm tm c tng
nhit
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2118
KH-20
HC-121
APO
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
HB31
3M634
APO
2118
-
1.7
2.8
1.5
0.85
-
1
1
1
1
3.0
3.0
-
APO-
1
1
1
274
-
1.2
1.0
3.0
3M634
0.85
24.2
0.85
2.5
1
2.8
10
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
T sy
My khoan bn
My cn bng tnh
My mi th
Bn th thit b in
B phn c ng
Dao ct c tay n
B kh du m
L in luyn khun
L in nu chy
babit
L in m thic
lt babt
Qut l c ng
Bn
My khoan bn
Bn nn
My un cc tm mng
My mi ph
My hn im
Bung np in
T np cqui
Gi thit b
Chnh lu s-l-nium
1
1
1
1
1
HC-12A
-
3.0
0.65
2.5
7.0
1
1
1
1
BMC-101
-
3.0
5.0
10.0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
HC-12A
C-237
3M634
MTT-25M
3.5
1.5
0.65
1.7(KVA)
2.8
25
1
1
1
Y-022
Y-001
0.6
BCA-BM
Phn nhm ph ti
Da vo cc nguyn tc sau:
Cc thit b trong nhm c cng ch lm vic.
Cc thit b trong nhm gn nhau v v tr.
Tng cng sut ca cc nhm trong phn xng chnh lch t.
V ph ti cho bit kh nhiu thng tin, nn ta quyt nh xc nh ph

ti tnh ton theo cng sut trung bnh v h s cc i. tra bng s tay k thut
ta c
11
Ksd=0.16 v Cos=0.6
Ta c bng phn chia cc nhm nh sau
Tn nhm v thit b in
S
lng
K hiu
trn
mt
bng
Cng
sut t
Po (KW)
H s s Cos/tag
dng
Nhm 1
My ca kiu ai
Khoan bn
My mi th
My khoan ng
My bo ngang
My xc
Cng theo nhm 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
3
5
6
7
8
1
0.65
2.8
2.8
4.5
2.8
14.55
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
Nhm 2
My mi trn vn nng
My phay vn nng
My phay vn nng
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My khoan ng
Cng theo nhm 2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
4.5
4.5
7
8.1
10
14
4.5
10
0.85
63.45
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
Nhm 3
My tin ren
Cu trc
Bn
My khoan bn
B du tng nhit
My co
1
1
1
1
1
1
17
19
21
22
26
27
20
24.2
0.85
0.85
2.5
1
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
12
My mi th
My nn ct lin hp
My mi ph
Qut l rn
My khoan ng
Cng theo nhm 3
1
1
1
1
1
10
30
31
33
34
38
2.8
1.7
2.8
1.5
0.85
59.05
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
Nhm 4
B ngm dung dch kim
B ngm nc nng
My cun giy
My cun giy
B ngm c tng nhit
T sy
My khoan bn
My mi th
Bn th nghim TB
Chnh lu s-l-nium
Cng theo nhm 4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
41
42
46
47
48
49
50
52
53
69
3.0
3.0
1.2
1.0
3.0
3.0
0.65
2.8
7.0
0.6
25.25
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
Nhm 5
B kh du m
L luyn nhm
L nu chy babit
L in m thic
Qut l c ng
My khoan bn
My un cc tm mng
My mi ph
My hn im
Cng theo nhm 5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
55
56
57
58
60
62
64
65
66
3.0
5.0
10
3.5
1.5
0.65
1.77
2.8
25.0
53.22
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
0.6/1.33
Trong Im c tnh theo cng thc Im=Po/(3*U*cos)

vi U=220V
My un cc tm mng c Sm=1.7 KVA ta qui i v ch di hn vi
Pm=Sm*cos = 1.7*0.6=1.02(kW)
13
Ph ti 3 pha tng ng
Po= 3 *1.02=1.77(kW)
a. Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 1.
Th
t
Tn thit b
S
lng
K hiu
trn mt
bng
1
2
3
4
5
6
My ca kiu ai
Khoan bn
My mi th
My khoan ng
My bo ngang
My xc
Tng
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
5
6
7
8
Cng sut t Po
(KW)
1 my
Ton
b
1.0
1.0
0.65
0.65
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
4.5
4.5
2.8
2.8
14.55
Im , A
2.53
1.64
7.07
7.07
11.36
7.07
36.74
Ta c: n=6, n1=4;
n* =
n1
n
P*=P1/P=
4
=0.667
6
2.8 * 3 + 4.5
=0.887
14 .55
*
hd
Tra bng hoc c th tnh n =
P*2
n*
P*2 (1-P* )2 n* (1-n*)

0.95
(1 - P * )2
+
(1 - n*)
Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.78->nhq=0.78*6 4.68

Tnh ton vi cng thc gn ng
Kmax = 1 + 1.3
1 ksd
nhq * ksd + 2
Vi ksd =0.16 v nhq=4.68 ta c Kmax=1.72

T tnh c ph ti tnh ton nhm 1:
Ptt= Kmax * Cos * P0 = 1.72*0.16*14.55= 4 (kW)
Qtt=4*tag=4*1.33=5.321 KVA
Stt=
tt
tt
P +Q
4 * 4 +5.321 * 5.321
=6.657 KVA
14
Stt
6.657
= 3 * 220 / 1000 = 10.086 (A)
3*U
Vi K mm =3
Itt=
Dng in dnh nhn:

I dn = K
b.
* I dmDmax + Idm =3*11.36 + 36.74=70.82 A
mm
Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 2.

Nhm 2
S
lng
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
My mi trn vn nng
My phay rng
My phay vn nng
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My khoan ng
Cng theo nhm 2
K hiu trn
mt bng
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
Cng sut t
Po (KW)
2.8
4.5
7.0
8.1
10.0
14.0
4.5
10.0
0.85
61.75
Im , A
7.07
11.36
17.67
20.45
25.25
35.35
11.36
25.25
2.15
155.91
Ta c: n=9, n1=5
n*=n1/n =5/9=0.56
P*=P1/P=
Tra bng hoc c th tnh
7 +10 + 8.1 +14 +10

61 .75
*
hd
n =
P*2
n*
=0.795
0.95
(1 - P * )2
+
(1 - n*)
Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.78->nhq=0.78*9 7.02

Kmax = 1 + 1.3
1 ksd
nhq * ksd + 2

T tnh c ph ti tnh ton nhm 2:
15
Ptt=1.67*0.16*61.75=16.54 kW
Qtt=16.54*tag=25.18*1.33=22 KVAr
Stt=
Itt=
tt
tt
P +Q
16 .54 *16 .54 +22 * 22
=27.52 KVA
Stt
27 .52
= 3 * 220 / 1000 =41.70 A
3*U
Vi K mm =3
Dng in dnh nhn:
I dn = K mm * I dmDmax +
Idm =3*35.35+155.91=261.96 A
c. Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 3.

Nhm 3
My tin ren
Cu trc
Bn
My khoan bn
B du tng nhit
My co
My mi th
My nn ct lin hp
My mi ph
Qut l rn
My khoan ng
Cng theo nhm 3
S
lng
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
K hiu trn
mt bng
17
19
21
22
26
27
30
31
33
34
38
Cng sut
t Po (KW)
20
24.2
0.85
0.85
2.5
1.0
2.8
1.7
2.8
1.5
0.85
59.05
Im , A
50.5
61.1
2.15
2.15
6.3
2.53
7.07
4.29
7.07
3.79
2.15
149.1
Ta c: n=11, n1=2
n*=n1/n =2/11=0.18
P*=P1/P=
20 + 24 .2
=0.75
59 .05
*
hd
P*2
n*
0.95
(1 - P * )2
+
(1 - n*)
Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.3->nhq=0.3*11 = 3.3

16
Kmax = 1 + 1.3
1 ksd
nhq * ksd + 2

T tnh ton c ph ti tnh ton nhm 3:
Ptt=1.75*0.16*59.05=16.534 kW
Qtt=16.534 *tag=16.534 *1.33=22 KVA
2
tt
tt
P +Q
Stt=
16 .534 * 16 .534 + 22 * 22
= 27.52 KVA
Stt
27 .52
= 3 * 220 / 1000 =41.70 A
3*U
Vi K mm =3
Itt=
Dng in nh nhn:
I dn = K mm * I dmDmax + Idm =3*61.1+149.1=332.4 A
d. Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 4.
Nhm 4
B ngm dung dch kim
B ngm nc nng
My cun dy
My cun dy
B ngm c tng nhit
T sy
My khoan bn
My mi th
Bn th nghim TB
Chnh lu seleinu
Cng theo nhm 4
S
lng
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
K hiu trn
mt bng
41
42
46
47
48
49
50
52
53
69
Cng sut
t Po (KW)
3.0
3.0
1.2
1.0
3.0
3.0
0.65
2.5
7.0
0.6
24.95
Im , A
7.57
7.57
3.03
2.53
7.57
7.57
1.64
6.31
17.68
1.52
62.99
Ta c: n=10, n1=1
n*=n1/n =1/10=0.1
7
P*=P1/P= 24 .95 =0.28
17
*
hd
P*2
n*
0.95
(1 - P * )2
+
(1 - n*)
Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.7 ->nhq=0.7*10 = 7

Kmax = 1 + 1.3
1 ksd
nhq * ksd + 2
Vi ksd =0.16 v nhq=7 ta c Kmax=1.67

Ptt=1.67*0.16*24.95=6.67 kW
Qtt=6.67*tag=6.67*1.33=8.87 KVAr
Stt=
tt
tt
P +Q
6.67 * 6.67 +8.87 * 8.87
= 11.09 KVA
Stt
11 .09
= 3 * 220 / 1000 =16.81 A
3*U
Vi K mm =3
Itt=
Dng in dnh nhn:

I dn = K
mm
* I dmDmax + Idm =3*17.68+62.99=151.39 A
e. Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 5.

Nhm 5
S lng
B kh du m
L luyn nhm
L nu chy babit
L in m thic
Qut l c ng
My khoan bn
My un cc tm mng
My mi ph
My hn im
Cng theo nhm 5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
K hiu trn
mt bng
55
56
57
58
60
62
64
65
66
Cng sut
t Po (KW)
3.0
5.0
10.0
3.5
1.5
0.65
1.7
2.8
25.0
53.15
Im , A
7.57
12.63
25.25
8.84
3.79
1.64
4.29
7.07
63.13
134.21
Ta c: n=9, n1=1
18
n*=n1/n =1/9=0.11
25
P*=P1/P= 53 .15 =0,47

*
hd
P*2
n*
0.95
(1 - P * )2
+
(1 - n*)
Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.4->nhq=0.4*11 = 4.4

Kmax = 1 + 1.3
1 ksd
nhq * ksd + 2

Ptt=1.72*0.16*53.15= 14.67 kW
Qtt=18.9*tag=14.67*1.33=19.5 KVAr
Stt=
Itt=
tt
tt
P +Q
14 .67 * 14 .67 +19 .5 * 19 .5 =24.41
KVAr
Stt
24 .41
= 3 * 220 / 1000 =39.98A
3*U
Vi K mm =3
Dng in dnh nhn:
I dn
= K mm * I dmDmax + Idm =3*63.13+134.21=323.6 A
2.3.2. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton phn xng sa cha c

kh.
a. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton.
Ly sut chiu sng chung cho ton xng l Po=12 w/m2
19
chn loi n si t c cos=1. F l din tch chiu sng, tnh theo t

l trn s l 1610 m2.
Pcs=Po*F=12*1610=19320 W =19,32 KW
b. Xc nh ph ti tc dng tnh ton cho ton phn xng.
Px=Kt* Ptti
Tra bng ta c Kt=0.85
Vy ta c Px=0.85*( 4+16.54+16.354+6.67+14.67)=49.5 KW
Ph ti phn khng ton phn xng:
Qx=Px*tag=49.5*1.33=65.834 KVA
Ph ti ton phn ca phn xng k c chiu sng :
Sx= ( Px + Pcs )2 + Qx2 =
(49.5+19.32)2 +65.8342 =95.24KVA
Vi ph ti tnh ton ton xng l: Ptt=Px+Pcs=68.82 KW

Suy ra Cos=Ptt/Sx=68.82/95.24=0.72
2.4.
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho cc phn xng cn li.
2.4.1
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng c kh chnh

Theo bn v thit k phn xng c kh chnh c:
+P din tch S=962 m2.
+C cng sut t : P=1200 KW
Cng sut tnh ton ng lc l:
PL=P*Knc
QL=PL*tag
Tra bng Knc,cos cho cc phn xng ta c
Knc=0.4 ;
cos=0.6 suy ra: tag=1.33
Ta c:
PL=0.4*1200=480 KW
QL=1.33*480=638.4 KVAr
Ta dng n si t c cos=1 v Qcs=0
Chn cng sut chiu sng cho phn xng l 12 W/m2
Pcs=Po*F=12*962=11544 W=11.54KW
20
Cng sut tnh ton tc dng l:

Ptt=PL+Pcs=480+11.54=491.54KW
Cng sut phn khng tnh ton l:
Qtt=QL=638.4 KVAr
Ph ti ton phn ca phng th nghim l:
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 491.542 + 638.42 =805.7 KVAr
Suy ra
2.4.2.
cos=Ptt/Stt=491.54/805.7=0.61
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng lp rp.

Phn xng lp rp c din tch S=672 m2.
C cng sut t : P=800 KW
Cng sut tnh ton ng lc l: PL=P*Knc
QL=PL*tag
Knc=0.4 ;
Ta c:
PL=0.6*800=480 KW
QL=1.33*480=638.4 KVAr
Pcs=Po*F=12*672=8064 W=8.064KW
Ptt=PL+Pcs=480+8.064=488.064KW
Qtt=QL=638.4 KVAr
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 488.0642 + 638.42 =803.59KVA
Suy ra
2.4.3.
cos=Ptt/Stt=488.064/803.59=0.6
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng rn.

21
Phn xng rn c din tch S=396 m2.

QL=PL*tag
Knc=0.55 ;
Ta c:
PL=0.55*600=330 KW
QL=1.17*330=386.1 KVAr
Pcs=Po*F=12*396=4752 W=4.752KW
Ptt=PL+Pcs=330+4.752=334.752KW
Qtt=QL=386.1 KVAr
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 334.7592 + 386.12 =511.01 KVA
Suy ra
cos=Ptt/Stt=334.752/511.01=0.65
2.4.4 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng c

Phn xng c c din tch S=322 m2.
PL=P*Knc
QL=PL*tag
Knc=0.6 ;
Ta c:
PL=0.6*400=240 KW
22
QL=1.02*240=244.8 KVAr
Pcs=Po*F=12*322=3864 W=3.864 KW
Ptt=PL+Pcs=240+3.864=243.864KW
Qtt=QL=244.8 KVAr
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 243.8642 + 244.82 =345.54 KVA
Suy ra
cos=Ptt/Stt=243.86/345.54=0.7
2.4.5. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho b phn nn p

B phn nn p c din tch S=380 m2.
PL=P*Knc
QL=PL*tag

Knc=0.6 ;
Ta c:
PL=0.6*450=270 KW
QL=0.75*270=202.5 KVAr
23
Pcs=Po*F=12*380=3696 W=3.696KW
Ptt=PL+Pcs=270+3.696=273.696KW
Qtt=QL=202.5 KVAr
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 273.6962 + 202.52 =340.46(A)
Suy ra
cos=Ptt/Stt=273.69/340.46=0.8
2.4.6. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng kt cu kim loi

Phn xng kt cu kim loi c din tch S=600m2.
QL=PL*tag
Knc=0.6 ;
Ta c:
PL=0.6*230=138 KW
QL=1.02*138=140.76 KVAr
Pcs=Po*F=12*600=7200W=7.2 KW
Ptt=PL+Pcs=138+7.2=145.2 KW
24
Qtt=QL=140.76 KVAr
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 145.22 +140.762 =202.2KVA
Suy ra
cos=Ptt/Stt=145.2/202.2=0.72
2.4.7. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho trm bm.

Tm bm c din tch S=224 m2.
QL=PL*tag
Knc=0.6 ;
Ta c:
PL=0.6*130=78 KW
QL=1.17*78=91.26 KVAr
Pcs=Po*F=12*224=2688 W=2.688KW
Ptt=PL+Pcs=78+2.688=80.68KW
Qtt=QL=91.26 KVAr
25
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 80.682 + 91.262 =121.8 KVA

Suy ra
cos=Ptt/Stt=80.68/121.8=0.66
2.4.8. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho vn phng v phng thit k .

Vn phng v phng thit k c din tch S=540 m2.
QL=PL*tag
Knc=0.8 ;
Ta c:
PL=0.8*80=64 KW
QL=0.75*64=48 KVAr
Pcs=Po*F=12*540=6480 W=6.48KW
Ptt=PL+Pcs=64+6.48=70.48KW
Qtt=QL=48 KVAr
Stt= Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 70.482 + 482 =85.27KVA
Suy ra
cos=Ptt/Stt=70.48/85.27=0.83
2.5. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton nh my

2.5.1 Cng thc
26
Ph ti tnh ton cho ton nh my c xc nh theo cc bc sau.

9
PTTNM=KDT* PTTi
i =1
9
QTTNM=KDT* QTTi
i =1
2
2
+ QTTNM
STTNM= PTTNM
trong KDT l h s d tr KDT=0.8

2.5.2 Tnh ton
Bng ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng:
STT
Tn phn xng
Phn xng c kh
chnh
Phn xng lp rp
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Phn xng sa cha

c kh
Phn xng rn
Phn xng c
B phn nn p
Phn xng kt cu
kim loi
Vn phng v phng
thit k
Trm bm
P
KW
1200
Knc
cos
Ptt
kW
491.54
Qtt
kVAr
638.4
Stt
KVA
805.7
0,4
0,6
800
0,4
0,6
638.4
803.59
0,65
488.06
4
87.46
103.46
135.47
600
400
450
230
0.55
0,6
0,6
0.6
0,65
0,7
0,8
0,7
334.75
243.86
273.69
145.2
386.1
244.8
202.5
140.76
551.01
345.54
340
202.2
80
0,8
0,8
70.48
48
85.27
130
0,6
0,65
80.68
91.26
121.8
PTTNM=0.8*(491.54+488.064+87.46+34.75+345.54+273.69+145.2+80.86
+70.48)
=1772.8 KW
QTTNM=0.8*(638.4+638.4+77.8+386.1+244.8+202.5+140.76+91.26+48)
=1958.96 KVAr
Ph ti tnh ton ton phn ca nh my:
STTNM=
1772.82 +1958.962 =2642.03 KVA
27
H s cng sut ca nh my:

Pttnm
1904.99
cos j = S =
=0.72
2642.02
ttnm
2.6.
Xc nh tm ph ti in v v biu ph ti.
2.6.1 Khi nim tm ph ti in v biu ph ti.

Trm bin p l mt trong nhng phn t quan trng ca h thng cung
cp in x nghip cng nghip. vic b tr hp l cc trm bin p trong phm
vi nh my, x nghip l mt vn quan trng. xy dng s cung cp
in c cc ch tiu v kinh t k thut m bo chi ph hng nm l t nht,
hiu qu cao. xc nh c cc v tr t bin p, trm phn phi chnh, cc
trm bin p x nghip cng nghip ta xy dng biu ph ti trn ton b mt
bng nh my.
Biu nh my c vng trn c din tch bng ph ti tnh ton ca
phn xng theo t l chn.
SI=*RI2*m
suy ra : RI=
SI
p* m
Trong :
SI ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng th i (KVA)
RI bn knh vng trn biu ph ti ca phn xng th i (cm,m)
m l t l xch (KVA/cm2) hay (KVA/m2)

Mi phn xng c mt biu ph ti tm ca ng trn biu ph
ti trng vi tm ph ti phn xng. Cc trm bin p c t ng gn st
tm ph ti in. Mi biu ph ti trn vng trn c chia lm hai phn
hnh qut tng ng vi ph ti ng lc v ph ti chiu sng.
2.6.2. Cch xc nh tm ph ti.
Cc phn xng do kch thc hn ch nn coi tm ph ti chnh l tm
hnh hc ca cc phn xng trn mt bng
Nu tnh n s phn b thc t ca ph ti in c xc nh nh l
xc nh trng tm ca khi vt th theo cng thc.
28
Xc nh tm ph ti in ton nh my.
T s nh my, v tr cc phn xng ta xc nh c tm ph ti
ton nh my.
V tr cc phn xng theo 2 trc X v Y l: ( Hng ngang l k hiu ca
cc phn xng trn s mt bng).
a.
X
Y
1
4.6
4.5
2
4.6
6.7
3
7
1.5
4
7
3.2
5
7
5.7
6
7
7.4
7
9.2
2.4
8
9.6
6.4
9
3
7.2
p dng cng thc tinh ton trn ta c to
+Theo trc X: 5.9;
+Theo trc Y: 4.5
2.6.3 V biu ph ti ton nh my .
Biu ph ti l mt hnh trn v trn mt phng, c tm trung vi tm

ca ph ti in, c din tch tng ng vi cng sut ca ph ti theo mt t l
xch no y. Biu ph ti cho php ngi thit k hnh dung ra c s
phn b ph ti trong khu vc cn thit k t vch ra nhng phng n
thit k hp l v kinh t nht. xc nh biu ton nh my ta chn t l
xch l m=2 KVA/ mm
+Bn knh biu ph ti c xc nh theo biu thc .
R=
S
m*P
+Gc chiu sng c tnh theo biu thc .

a = (360*Pcs)/Ptt
*Tnh ton bn knh R v gc chiu sng ca tng phn xng .
Kt qu tnh ton c cho trong bng sau :
STT
Tn phn xng
S
m2
Pcs
kW
Ptt
kW
R
mm
29
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Phn xng c kh chnh

Phn xng lp rp
Phn xng sa cha c kh
Phn xng rn
Phn xng c
B phn nn p
Phn xng kt cu kim loi
Vn phng v phng thit k
Trm bm
962
672
322
396
322
308
600
540
224
57.72
40.62
19.32
23.76
19.32
18.48
36
32.4
13.44
491.54
488.064
87.46
334.75
243.86
273.69
145.2
70.48
80.68
8.7
7.3
4.3
4.7
4.3
4.2
5.8
5.5
3.6
42.27
29.96
79.52
25.5
28.52
24.3
89.25
165.5
60
*V biu ph ti hnh trn ton nh my:
30
31
Chng III:
THIT K MNG H P
CHO PHN XNG SA CHA C KH
3.1.
Gii thiu chung v phn xng.
Trong nh my c kh cng nghip a phng th phn xng sa cha

c kh ng mt vai tr quan trng v y l ni sa cha cc loi my mc
thit b hng hc ca nh my.
Ph ti nh my l ph ti loi 2 nn in p nh my c 2 cp sau:
Cp in p 110V-220V, 1 pha cung cp in cho cc ph ti chiu
sng.
Cp in p 127V/220V, 220V/380V, 3 pha cung cp in cho
thit b my mc trong phn xng.

Trong phn xng ch yu l ph ti loi 2 nn yu cu cung cp in
tng i cao, tuy nhin vn cho php mt in trong khi sa cha hoc ng
ngun d tr.
Trnh t thit k
a. Vch phng n di dy
b. La chn phng n di dy
c. La chn cc thit b in
d. Tnh ton ngn mch cho h p
3.2.
La chn phng n cp in .
La chn phng n cp in l vn rt quan trng v n nh hng

trc tip n vn hnh khai thc v pht huy hiu qu cp in. chn
phng n cp in an ton phi tun theo cc iu kin sau;
m bo cht lng in nng
m bo tin cy cung cp in v tnh lin tc ph hp vi yu cu
ca ph ti.
32
Thn li cho vic lp rp vn hnh v sa cha cng nh pht trin

ph ti.
An ton cho ngi vn hnh v my mc
C ch tiu kinh t k thut hp l.
3.2.1. La chn cc phng n cp in:
1.Phng n 1
S ni dy mng hnh tia
B
1
2
2
2
2
3
Hnh v: S ni dy mng hnh tia.

Mng ny c c im:
u im: tin cy cung cp in cao, thun li cho qu trnh thi cng
vn hnh sa cha
Nhc im: Vn u t ln.
Trm trn gm c:
- B: trm bin p phn xng
- 1: Thanh ci trm bin p phn xng
- 2: Thanh ci t phn phi ng lc
33
- 3: Ph ti dng in.
2. Phng n 2: S ni dy mng phn nhnh
B
1
2
2
2
Hnh v: S ni dy mng phn nhnh.

u im: Gi thnh thp,lp rp nhanh, tit kim c t phn phi.
Nhc im: tin cy cung cp in thp, phc tp khi bo v.
Trm trn gm c:
- 3: Ph ti dng in.
3.Phng n 3: S ni dy hn hp
34
B
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
3
Hnh v: S ni dy mng hnh tia v phn nhnh.
Mng ny c u dim ca c 2 phng n trn.

tin cy cung cp in cao, thun li cho qu trnh thi cng vn hnh
sa cha
Gi thnh thp,lp rp nhanh, tit kim c t phn phi.
Trm trn gm c:
- 3: Ph ti dng in.
T cc phng n trn ta thy ch c phng n 3 l kh thi nht. N kt hp
c c ch tiu k thut v kinh t.
3.2.2. S i dy cho mng phn xng
cp in cho ton b phn xng ta t mt t phn phi cho ton b
phn xng. T phn phi ny cung cp cho 5 t ng lc v 1 t chu
sng.
T phn phi t 1 Aptomat tng v 6 Aptomat nhnh cung cp cho 5 t
ng lc v 1 t chiu sng.
T ng lc c cp in bng cp hnh tia v t 1 dao cch ly v cu
ch tng. Cc nhnh u c t cu ch bo v. Mi ng c ca my
35
cng c u c bo v qu ti bng rle nhit v bo v ngn mch

bg bng cu ch.
Cc cp t t phn phi n t ng lc v t t ng lc n cc thit b
u c di ngm trong t v t trong ng thp bo v.
3.3.
La chn cc thit b cho mng h p:
3.3.1 Chn t phn phi t ng lc v cc thit b in cho phn xng

c kh chnh.
a) Chn t phn phi v t ng lc.
- Khi chn t phn phi cng nh t ng lc ta phi m bo cc
iu kin sau:
+in p Udmtu Umang
+Dng in Idmtu Imang
+m bo s l dy ra cn thit.
Chn t phn phi:
T phn phi l thit b in nhn in t trm bin p phn xng
phn phi n cc t ng lc trong phn xng.

Trong t phn phi c t cc Aptomat tng v Aptomat nhnh, ngoi ra
cn c cc thit b o m Ampemet Volmet....
Ta chn loi t phn phi do hng SIEMEN ch to v t thanh ci
trm bin p phn xng.

Theo tnh ton dng nh mc ca phn xng trn ta chn Aptomat
tng loi NS 600E do hng MERLIN GERIN ch to.

Ta chn 6 aptomat nhnh tng ng cng sut ca cc t ng lc
Nhm 1: c Idm1=10.086 A.
Chn Aptomat loi C60A c Idm=40 A do hng Merlin Gerin ch to.
Nhm 2: c Idm2=41.70A.
36
Chn Aptomat loi C100E c Idm=100 A do hng Merlin Gerin ch to.

Nhm 3: c Idm3=41.70 A.
Chn Aptomat loi C100E c Idm=100A do hng Merlin Gerin ch to.
Nhm 4: c Idm4=16.84 A.
Chn Aptomat loi C60A c Idm=40 A do hng Merlin Gerin ch to.
Nhm 5: c Idm5=39.98A.
Chn Aptomat loi C100E c Idm=100 A do hng Merlin Gerin ch to.
T chiu sng: c Idmcs=50.7 A.
Chn Aptomat loi C100E c Idm=100A do hng Merlin Gerin ch to.
Chn t ng lc:
Chn 6 t ng lc loi 2200 800 400 do hng Siemen ch to.
T c 1 dy vo v 10 l dy ra.
Trong t cos t thit b
+ L vo c 1 cu dao v 1 cu ch bo v.
+ 10 l ra c t 10 cu ch bo v.
b) Chn cu ch v dy dn cho mng in phn xng:
Chn cu ch:
- Phi c cc iu kin sau:
+ in p : Udmcc Umang
+ Dng in: Idmcc I mang
+ Cng sut nh mc Sodmcc SN
+ Cng sut ct nh mc Icdmcc IN
- Khi chn dy chy cu ch ta phi chn sao cho khi c dng I lvmax v
dng Ikd ngn mch i qua th dy khng b chy ra. Ngc li khi c dng ngn
mch v qu ti chy qua th dy dn chy c.
37
T cc iu kin trn ta chn dy chy cu ch theo iu kin:

Idc >Ilvmax
Trong Ilvmax l dng lm vic ln nht
Khi 1 thit b hay mt nhm thit b khi ng th dng khi ng ca
n cng rt ln. Do vy vic chn dy chy ca cu ch cng phi xt ti:
-
Idc >Idn/ a
Trong
a : H s gc ph thuc loi ng c v c tnh m my ca n
a =2.5 khi m my khng ti
a =1.6 khi m my ch ti nng n nht
Chn dy dn, cp cho phn xng.

Chn dy dn, cp cho phn xng theo iu kin pht nng cho php
sau kim tra tn tht trn dy.
iu kin pht nng :
Icp.K1.K2 > Ilvmax
Trong :
+ K1 h s hiu chnh theo nhit mi trng
+ K2 h s hiu chnh theo cp t cng mt rnh
+ Icp dng in cho php ca cp
+ Ilvmax dng in lm vic lu di ln nht
Nu dy c bo v bi cu ch th khi chn dy dn phi xt n iu
kin sau:
Icp >Idc/ d
Trong
Idm dng in nh mc ca dy chy
38
d h s ph thuc vo c im ca mng in
Mng ng lc: d=3

Mng sinh hot: d=0.8
Nu mng dy dn c bo v bi Aptomat
Icp >Ikdnhiet/1.5
hoc
Icp >Ikientu/4.5
Trong Ikdnhiet,Ikientu l dng khi ng ngt mch in bng nhit

hay bng in t ca Aptomat.
c) Tnh chn chi tit cho cc thit b in trong phn xng sa

cha c kh.
Tnh chn cho t ng lc:
- Tnh cho t ng lc 1:
+Theo tnh ton phn ph ti tnh ton ta c:
Ittnhom1=10.086A.
Idnnhom1=70.82 A
p dng cng thc trn ta c:
Idc>=Ittnhom1=10.086A
Idc>= Idnnhom1/ a =70.82/2.5=28.33 A
Vy ta chn cu ch loi: ng p H-2 c cc thng s sau:
Udm=380V, Idc=150A
+Xc nh dng khi ng nhit (dng chnh nh) cu Aptomat
u ra ca t phn phi ti t ng lc 1
p dng cng thc
Ikdn=1.25*IdmA =1.25*100=125
39
Vy ta chn dng khi ng nhit ca Ap nhnh t 1 l

Ikdn=125
+Chn dy cp t t phn phi ti t ng lc 1
Xt iu kin pht nng i vi ng dy bo v bng Ap ta c:
Icp>= Ikdn/1.5=125/1.5=83.3A
Tra bng s liu ta chn c cp ng 4 li cch in bng PVL do
hng LENS ch to loi 4G10 c
F=10mm2 , Icp=87A.
Kim tra iu kin pht nng:
K1*K2*Icp>= Ilvmax
Ta ly K1=0.95, K2=1
0.95*87=82.65>=36.74 tho mn
Tng t cho 4 nhm cn li c bng sau:
STT
1
2
3
4
5
Cu ch
Idc
150
150
150
150
150
Udm
380
380
380
380
380
Dy dn
4G2.5
4G2.5
4G2.5
4G2.5
4G2.5
Tnh chn cho cc thit b trong phn xng

3.2.1. Tnh cho nhm 1:
La chn cu ch bo v my ca kiu ai 1kW
Idc Idm*kkd/ a
Trong :
Kkd=5, a =2.5
Vy Idc>=2.53*5/2.5=5.06 A
chn Idc=30 A
40
Cu ch bo v my khoan bn 0.65 kW
Idc Idm=1.63 A
5.1, 63
Idc 2,5 =3,3 A

chn Idc=30 A
Cu ch bo v my mi th 2.8 kW
Idc Idm=7.07 A
Idc 7.07*5/2.5=14.14A
chn Idc=30 A
Cu ch bo v my khoan ng 2.8 kW
Idc Idm=7.07 A
Idc =14.14 A
chn Idc=30 A
Cu ch bo v my bo ngang 4.5 kW
Idc Idm=11.36A
Idc 11.36*5/2=22.72 A
chn Idc=30 A
Cu ch bo v my xc 2.8 kW
Idc Idm=7,07 A
Idc =14.14 A
chn Idc=30 A
Cu ch tng L1:
Idc Itt nhm=36.74A
Idc 36.74*5/2.5=73.48A
chn Idc=200 A
Cc nhm khc chn Idc cu ch tng t , kt qu ghi trong bng
Tn my
1
Nhm 1
My ca kiu ai
Ph ti
Pu,k
W
2
Iu, A
M
hiu
2.53
PT
Dy dn
tit
ng
din knh ng
thp
5
6
2,5
Cu ch
M hiu Ivo/Idc A
7
H-2
100/30
41
O
1.63 PT
O
7.07 PT
O
7.07 PT
O
11.36 PT
O
7.07 PT
O
Khoan bn
0.65
My mi th
2.8
My khoan ng
2.8
My bo ngang
4.5
My xc
2.8
Nhm 2
My mi trn vn nng
2.8
7.07
My phay vn nng
4.5
11.36
My phay vn nng
7.0
17.67
My tin ren
8.1
20.45
My tin ren
10.0
25.25
My tin ren
14.0
35.35
My tin ren
4.5
11.36
My tin ren
10.0
25.25
My khoan ng
0.85
2.15
Nhm 3
My tin ren
20
50.5
Cu trc
24.2
61.1
Bn
0.85
2.15
My khoan bn
0.85
2.15
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
H-2
100/30
H-2
100/30
H-2
100/30
H-2
100/30
H-2
100/30
H-2
100/40
H-2
100/40
H-2
100/50
H-2
100/60
H-2
100/60
H-2
250/100
2,5
H-2
100/30
H-2
100/60
2,5
H-2
100/30
16
H-2
250/15
16
H-2
250/15
2.5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
42
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
0.85
2.15
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
PT
O
2,5
H-2
100/30
3.0
PT
O
7.57 PT
O
3.03 PT
O
2.53 PT
O
7.57 PT
O
7.57 PT
O
1.64 PT
O
6.31 PT
O
17.68 PT
O
1.52 PT
O
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/40
2,5
H-2
100/30
PT
O
12.63 PT
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
B du tng nhit
2.5
6.3
My co
1.0
2.53
My mi th
2.8
7.07
My nn ct lin hp
1.7
4.29
My mi ph
2.8
7.07
Qut l rn
1.5
3.79
My khoan ng
Nhm 4
B ngm dung dch
kim
B ngm nc nng
3.0
My cun dy
1.2
My cun dy
1.0
B ngm c tng nhit
3.0
T sy
3.0
My khoan bn
0.65
My mi th
2.5
Bn th nghim TB
7.0
Chnh lu s-l-nium
0.6
Nhm 5
B kh du m
3.0
L luyn nhm
5.0
7.57
7.57
43
L nu chy babit
10.0
L in m thic
3.5
Qut l c ng
1.5
My khoan bn
0.65
My un cc tm mng
1.7
My mi ph
2.8
My hn im
25.0
O
25.25 PT
O
8.84 PT
O
3.79 PT
O
1.64 PT
O
4.29 PT
O
7.07 PT
O
63.13 PT
O
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
2,5
H-2
100/30
H-2
100/80
44
Chng IV:
THIT K MNG CAO P CHO TON NH MY
4.1.
t vn
Vic la chn s cung cp in nh hng rt ln n cc ch tiu

kinh t v k thut ca h thng. Mt s cung cp in c coi l hp l
phi tho mn nhng yu cu c bn sau :
+> m bo cc ch tiu k thut
+> m bo tin cy cung cp in
+> Thun tin v linh hot trong vn hnh
+> An ton cho ngi v thit b
+> D dng pht trin p ng yu cu tng trng ca ph ti in
+> m bo cc ch tiu v mt kinh t
Trnh t tnh ton thit k cho mng in cao p cho nh my bao
gm cc bc:
+> Vch cc phng n cung cp in
+> La chn v tr , s lng , dung lng ca cc trm bin p v chng
loi , tit din cc ng dy cho cc phng n
+> Tnh ton kinh t k thut la chn cc phng n hp l
+> Thit k chi tit cho cc phng n c chn
4.2.
Vch cc phng n cp in:
4.2.1. La chn cp in p truyn ti t h thng v nh my:

Vi qui m nh my nh s liu tnh ton th ton nh my thuc h
tiu th loi I nn ng dy cung cp in cho nh my s dng ng dy
trn khng l kp.la chn cp in p chuyn ti
U = 4.34* l +16* P
Trong :
P cng sut tnh ton ca nh my [KW]

l khong cch t trm bin p trung gian v nh my(km)
45
Vy la chn in p truyn ti l 110 KV . do phi dng trm bin p

trung gian . Ti trm BATG v cc trm bin p phn xng cho h tiu th
loi I mi trm t 2 MBA , i vi h tiu th loi II mi trm t 1 MBA . t
ng dy 110 KV v nh my s dng dy AC l kp cp in cho trm
BATT . V tr t trm BATT c t ti tm ph ti in . t di cp n
cc trm BAPX.
Do ta c cp in p hp l truyn ti t h thng v nh my l:
=731.13(V)
4.2.2. Phng php chn my bin p:
My bin p c la chn theo cc tiu chun sau :
1.
V tr t trm bin p phi tho mn theo cc yu cu gn tm ph
ti ,thun tin cho vic vn chuyn ,lp t vn hnh ,sa cha,an ton cho
ngi s dng v hiu qu kinh t.
2.
S lng my bin p c chn theo yu cu cung cp in ca
ph ti . Bnh thng.nu nhu cu cung cp in khng cao th t 1 my bin
p trong mt trm bin p (TBA) l kinh t nht.Cn nu yu cu cung cp in
ca ph ti cao th t hai my bin p trong mt trong 1 TBA l hp l nht
3.
Dung lng cc my bin p c chn theo iu kin :
n*khc*sdmB = Stt
Khi kim tra theo in kin s c mt my bin p th:
(n-1)*khc*kqt*SdmB = Sttcs
Trong :
n:S my bin p lm vic song song trong TBA.
Khc:h s hiu chnh my bin p theo nhit mi trng .Ta
chn my bin p sn xut ti Vit Nam nn khc=1.
Kqt:h s qu ti s c.Chn kqt=1.4 nu tho mn MBA vn hnh
qu ti khng qu 5 ngy m,s gi qu ti trong 1 ngy m khng qu 6 gi
v trc khi qu ti MBA vn hnh vi h s qu ti =0.93.
Sttsc:Cng sut tnh ton s c.Khi c s c mt my bin p c th
bt mt s ph ti khng cn thit.Gi s trong mi phn xng c 30%ph ti
loi 3.Khi ta c Sttsc=0.7*Stt
46
4.2.3. Phng php chn bin p phn xng :

t 4 trm bin p phn xng ,trong :
1.
Trm bin p B1 gm 2 my bin p lm vic song song v cung
cp in cho Phn xng c kh chnh v Trm bm .Tnh ton cng sut
ca MBA trong mt trm bin p ;
n*khc*Sdm = Stt
Stt
suy ra SdmB = n * k
hc
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB =
805.7 +121.8
=463.75 (kVA)
2
Ta chn MBA c cng sut l 560(kVA)

Kim tra iu kin qu ti s c :
0.7 * Stt
(n-1)*khc*kqt*SdmB =Sttsc suy ra SdmB = (n - 1) * k * k

hc
qt
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB =
0.7 *927.5
=463.75
1.4
Chn bin p 2 gm 2 MBA lm vic song song c cng sut mi my

SdmB =560(kVA) l hp l.
2.
Trm bin p B2 gm hai my bin p lm vic song song v cung
cp in cho Phn xng lp rp v Phn xng sa cha c kh .Tnh
ton cng sut ca MBA trong mt trm bin p ;
n*khc*Sdm = Stt
tt
suy ra SdmB n * k
hc
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB =
803.59 +135.47
=469.53 (kVA)
2
47

0.7 * Stt
(n-1)*khc*kqt*SdmB = Sttsc suy ra SdmB= (n - 1)* k * k

hc
qt
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB =
0.7 *939.06
= 469.53 (kVA)
1.4
Chn bin p 2 gm 2 MAB lm vic song song c cng sut mi my c

SdmB =560(kVA) l tho mn
3.
cp in cho Phn xng rn v Phn xng c .Tnh ton cng sut ca
MBA trong mt trm bin p ;
n*khc*Sdm= Stt
Stt
suy ra SdmB = n * k
hc
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB =
551.01 + 345.54
= 448.275(kVA)
2

0.7 * Stt
(n-1)*khc*kqt*SdmB =Sttsc suy ra SdmB= (n - 1) * k * k

hc
qt
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB=
0.7 *896.55
=448.275 (kVA)
1.4
Chn bin p 2 gm 2 MAB lm vic song song c cng sut mi my

4.
cp in cho B phn nn p , Phn xng kt cu kim loi v Vn phng
v phng thit k.Tnh ton cng sut ca MBA trong mt trm bin p ;
48
n*khc*Sdm= Stt
Stt
Suy ra SdmB = n * k
hc
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB =
340 + 202.2 + 85.27

= 313.735 (kVA)
2
Ta chn MBA c cng sut l500(kVA)

0.7 * Stt
(n-1)*khc*kqt*SdmB =Sttsc Suy ra SdmB= (n - 1) * k * k

hc
qt
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB =
0.7 *627.47
= 313.735 (kVA)
1.4
Chn bin p 2 gm 2 MAB lm vic song song c cng sut mi my

4.2.4. Xc nh v tr t trm bin p phn xng :
Cc trm bin p phn xng c nhiu phng n lp t khc nhau ,tu
thuc iu kin ca kh hu ,ca nh my cng nh kch hc ca trm bin
p .Trm bin p c th t trong nh my c th tit kim t ,trnh bi bm
hoc ho cht n mn kim loi .Song trm bin p cng x th t ngoi tri,
gy nguy him cho phn xng v ngi sn xut .
V tr t MBA phi m bo gn tm ph ti ,nh vy di mng phn
phi cao p ,h p s c rt ngn ,cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ca s cung
cp in c m bo tt hn .
Khi xc nh v tr t trm bin p cng nn cn nhc sao cho cc trm
bin p cng nn cn nhc sao cho cc trm chim v tr nh nht m bo
m quan ,khng nh hng n qu trnh sn xut cng nh phi thun tin cho
vn hnh ,sa cha . Mt khc cng nn phi m bo an ton cho ngi v
thit b trong qu trnh vn hnh .
49
- Xc nh tm ph ti ca phn xng hoc nhm phn xng c

cung cp in t cc trm bin p
Ta c cng thc tng qut xc nh tm ph ti:
Vi:
+Si l cng sut ca phn xng th i
+xi ;yi l phn xng th i ,c cho trn s mt bng
+Z l trc to tnh n cao b tr ca thit b so vi chiu di v
chiu rng.
T s mt bng nh my ,v tr ca cc phn xng c ghi trong
bng sau (hng ngang l k hiu ca cc phn xng trn s ,hng dc l to
ca chng theo trc X v Y
1
X
Y
4.6
2
2
4.6
6.7
3
7
1.5
4
7
3.2
5
7
5.7
6
7
7.4
7
9.2
2.4
8
9.6
6.4
9
3
7.2
T ta c bng tng kt v tm cc ph ti nh sau

Tn trm
B1
B2
B3
B4
To trm trn mt bng

x
y
4.4
2.7
4.9
5.9
7
4.2
8.1
2.9
50
4.2.5. Cc phng n cp in cho trm bin p phn xng:

1.
Cc phng n cp in:
a)
Phng n s dng s dn dy su:
y l phng n a trc tip ng dy cung cp 35(kV) n trc tip

my bin p ph xng ,v my bin p phn xng thc hin h in p trc
tip t 35(kV) xung cn 0.4(kV) cung cp cho ph ti .Do phng n
ny gim c vn u t xy dng trm bin p trung gian ,gim tn tht v
nng cao nng lc truyn ti ca mng in .Tuy nhin tin cy ca s ny
khng cao,thit b s dng t v yu cu trnh vn hnh cao.
b)
Phng n s dng trm bin p trung gian:
Theo phng n ny ,in p 35(kV)t ngun s c h xung 6(kV)

nh bin p trung gian v t s c a ti cc trm bin p phn xng v
li c h xung 0.4(kV) cung cp cho ph ti .Phng n ny c u im
l vn hnh an ton , tin cy cao .Tuy nhin lm tng gi thnhcho vic xy
dng trm bin p trung gian v gy tn hao trn ng dy .Vi phng n
ny phi chn trm bin p trung gian gm hai my lm vic song song v cng
sut mi my phi m bo :
n*khc*Sdm= Stt
Stt
Suy ra SdmB = n * k =
hc
3390.58
=1695.29(kVA )
2
Vy ta chn MBA trung gian loi c cng sut SdmB=2500 (kVA )

Kim tra iu kin s c 1 MBA :
0.7 * Stt
(n-1)*khc*kqt*SdmB =Sttsc Suy ra SdmB= (n - 1) * k * k

hc
qt
Thay s vo ta c:
SdmB=
0.7 *3390.58
=1695.29(kVA)
1.4
Vy ta chn MBA trung gian c cng sut SdmB=2500(kVA) l hp l.
51
V tr t TBA trung gian nn gn vi tm ph ti tnh ton ca

ton nh my .C to (theo tnh ton trn ):
X=5.9;
Y=4.5;
c)
Phng n s dng trm phn phi trung tm:
Theo phng php ny ,in nng t h thng c a v trm

phn phi trung tm , v sau in c a ti trm bin p phn xng h
in t 35 (kVA) xung 0.4 (kVA) cung cp cho ph ti.
Phng php ny c u im l vn hnh n gin ,an ton hn phng
php s dng s dn su m vn m bo tn tht thp .Song phng php
ny c nhc im l thit b t tin
T cc phng n a ra ta c cc s phng n i dy nh sau:
o
Phng n 1:
6
9
2
8
5
4
7
3
52
Phng n 2:
6
9
2
8
5
4
7
3
2.
La chn phng n i dy:
Do nh my thuc loi h tiu th loi 2 ,nn in cung cp cho nh my

c truyn ti trn khng l kp.
Mng cao p nh my s dng s hnh tia ,l kp .S ny c u
im sau:
tin cy cp in cao .
D vn hnh sa cha .
Cc phn xng khng b nh hng ln nhau khi xy ra s c
m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b.
Mt khc , m bo m quan cc dy dn c t trong cc ho b
tng chm di t v chy dc ng giao thng chnh trong nh my .
53
4.3.
Tnh ton chi tit cho tng phng n:
4.3.1 Phng n 1:
Phng n ny s dng trm bin p trung gian nhn in t h thng
in n ,h in p t 35 (kVA) xung 6 (kVA) cung cp cho cc trm bin
p phn xng .Cc trm bin p phn xng li h in p xung 0.4 (kVA)
cung cp cho ph ti.
Chn my bin p v tn tht in nng DA trong cc my bin p
Nh trn tnh ta c bng tng kt kt qu chn MBA cho cc trm
bin p phn xng v bin p tng nh sau:
Tn TBA
TBAT
G
B1
B2
B3
B4
Uc/Un
SdmB
(kVA (kV)
)
35/6.3
2500
560
560
560
560
6.3/0.4
6.3/0.4
6.3/0.4
6.3/0.4
D PN
(kW)
UN
(kW (%)
)
I0
(%)
S
lng
(my)
Gi
(nghn
ng)
Thnh tin
(nghn ng)
3.3
21.5
6.5
0.8
270300
540600
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
5.34
5.34
5.34
5.34
5
5
5
5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
65500
65500
65500
65500
131000
131000
131000
131000
D P0
2
2
2
2
Tng vn u t cho cc trm bin p:1064600000()

xc nh tn tht D A trong cac trm bin p ta dng cng thc sau:
S
1
D A = n * D P0 * t + * D Pn *( tt ) 2 * t (kWh)
n
S dmB
Trong :
n : s my bin p trong trm .
t : thi gian vn hnh ca MBA.Vi may vn hnh c nm t=8760 h.
t : thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht .Do nh my lm vic 3 ca
( Tmax=6000h)v h s cng sut ca nh my cosj =0.7 nen do t
=4300 h
D PN , D P0 : tn hao cng sut khng ti v ngn mch ca MBA
Stt : cng sut nh mc ca MBA.
54
Tnh ton chi tit cho tng trm bin p:
Tnh ton cho trm bin p trung gian:

Sttnm = 3390.58 (kVA)
SdmB =
2500
(kVA)
D PN =
21.5
(kW)
3.3
(kW)
D P0 =
Thay s vo ta c:
S
1
D A = n * D P0 * t + * D Pn *( tt ) 2 * t =142840.65 (kVA)
n
S dmB
Tnh ton tng t cho cc trm bin p khc ta c bng tng kt sau:
Tn trm
S my
TBATG
B1
B2
B3
B4
2
2
2
2
2
Sttnm
(kVA)
3390.58
927.5
939.06
896.55
627.41
SdmB
(kVA)
2500
560
560
560
560
D A (kWh)
142840.65
48488.67
49278.62
46419.29
31405.81
Tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p : D A=272013,75 (kWh)
Chn dy dn v xc nh tn tht cng sut:
Chn cp t trm bin p trung gian v cc trm bin p phn xng :

Do ng dy cp in cho nh my l ngn so vi mng li in
nn cao p c chn theo mt dng kinh t Jkt .
Fktt = Imax/Jkt = Itt/Jkt
i vi nh my c khi cng nghip a phng lm vic 3 ca c thi
gian s dng cng sut ln nht l 6000 h ,chn cp li ng v tra bng ta c
mt dng kinh t : Jkt =2.7
55
Mt khc do cp t trm bin p trung gian n cc trm bin p phn

xng u l l kp nn:
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm
Sau khi chn cp ta phi kim tra cp theo iu kin pht nng :
K1*K2*Icp v Isc
Trong :
K1: H s hiu chnh k n mi trng t cp , y K1=1
K2:H s hiu chnh theo s lng cp t trong mt rnh .
y ,mi rnh ta t 2 cp cch nhau 300 mm .C K2=0.93
Do khong cch t trm bin p trung gian n cc trm bin p
phn xng l ngn nn c th b qua tn tht in p D U ca dy cp.
Tin hnh tnh ton chi tit cho tng trm :
a)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B1
Ta c :
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm
927.5
= 2 3 *6 =44.6
(A)
Tit din kinh t ca cp :

I
44.6
max
tt
Fktt = J = J =
=16.53 (mm2)
2.7
kt
kt
Tra bng tit din dy cp ,ta chn loi cp ng 3 li ,XLPE do

hng FURUKAWA ch to c tit din F= 25 (mm2) v c Icp= 135 (A).
Kim tra iu kin cp chn theo iu kin pht nng :
0.93*Icp=0.93*135=125.55 (A) > Ics=2*Imax=89.2 (A)
Vy ta chn cp c tit din F=25 (mm2) v c Icp=135 (A)
b)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B2:
56
Ta c :
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm =
939.06
2 3 *6 =45.18 (A)
Tit kim kinh t ca cp:

I
45.18
max
tt
Fktt = J = J =
=16.73 (mm)
2.7
kt
kt
Tra bng tit kim dy cp ,ta chn loi cp ng 3 li ,XLPE do hng

FURUKAWA ch to c tit din= 25 (mm2) v c Icp=135 (A).
Kim tra iu kin cp chn theo iu kin pht nng:
0.93*Icp=0.93*135=125.55 (A) > Ics=2*Imax=89.6 (A)
Vy ta chn cp c tit din F=25 (mm2) v c Icp= 135(A)
c)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B3:
Ta c :
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm =
896.55
2 3 *6 =41.8 (A)

I
41.8
max
tt
Fktt = J = J =
=15.49 (mm2)
2.7
kt
kt

FURUKAWA ch to c tit din F= 16 (mm2) v c Icp= 105 (A).
0.93*Icp=0.93*105=97.65(A) > Ics=2*Imax=83.6(A)
Vy ta chn cp c tit din F= 16 (mm2) v c Icp= 105 (A)
d)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B4:
Ta c :
57
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm
627.47
= 2 3 *6 =30.18 (A)

I
30.18
max
tt
Fktt = J = J =
=11.2 (mm2)
2.7
kt
kt

FURUKAWA ch to c tit din= 16(mm2) v c Icp= 105 (A).
0.93*Icp=0.93*105=97.65 (A) > Ics=2*Imax=60.36 (A)
Vy ta chn cp c tit din F= 16 (mm2) v c Icp=105
(A)
Chn cp t bin p phn xng v cc phn xng :

Do tnh ton kinh t nn ta ch tnh chn cho cc on cp h p khc
nhau gia cc phng n ,cc on ging nhau c b qua trong qu trnh tnh
ton.
T kt qu tnh ton dy cp trn ,ta c bng tng kt tnh chn dy
sau:
F(mm2)
Dy cp
Chiu di R0
(m)
( W/ km )
TBATG B1
3 25
46,86
0.927
TBATG B2
3 25
34,4
0.927
TBATG B3
3 16
22,8
1.47
TBATG B4
3 16
54,4
1.47
Tng vn u t cho dy cp : 13.310.550
n gi
(103/m)
110,6
110,6
56
56
Thnh tin
(103 )
5182,71
3804,64
1276,8
3046,4
Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn cc ng dy :

Tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy c xac nh theo cng thc
sau :
DP =
Sttpx 2
U
2
dm
* R *10- 3 (kW)
Trong :
58
1
n
R= * r0 * l ( W ) vi n l s ng dy i song song.
T tn tht trn on cp trn on cp t TBATG ti B1 l:
DP =
Sttpx 2
2
U dm
* R *10- 3 =
927.52 1
* *0.927 *0.046*10- 3 =0.509 (kW)
62
2
Tnh ton tng t cho cc on cp cn li ,ta c kt qu sau:

Dy cp
TBATG B1
TBATG B2
TBATG B3
TBATG B4
F(mm2)
3 25
3 25
3 16
3 16
Stt(kVA)
927.5
939.06
896.55
627.47
DP(kW)
0.519
0.39
0.374
0.437
Tng tn tht tc dng trn dy dn: DP =1.72(kW)

Xc nh tn tht in nng trn cc ng dy :
Tn tht in nng trn cc ng dy c tnh theo cng thc :
DA = DP
*t
(kWh)
Vi t l thi gian tn tht cng sut cc i theo tnh ton ta c t = 4300

T ta c:
D A = D P * t =1.72*4300=7396 (kWh)
Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 1:

Tng s vn u t ca phng n 1:
Tng vn u t gm vn u t cho my bin p v ng dy .
K1=KB+KD=1064600000+13310550=1077910550
Tng tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p v ng dy :
D A1 = D AB +D AD = 272013.75+7396=279409.75 (kWh)
Chi phi tnh ton cho phng n 1:
Z1=(avh+att)*K1+c* D A1
=(0.1+0.2)*1077910550+1000*279409.75=602782915
4.3.2 Phng n 2:
59
Phng n ny s dng trm bin p trung tm nhn in t h thng in

n ,cung cp cho cc trm bin p phn xng .Cc trm bin p phn xng
li h in p trc tip t 35(kV) xung 0.4 (kVA) cung cp cho ph ti.
* Chn my bin p v tn tht in nng D A trong cc my bin p
Nh trn tnh ta c bng tng kt kt qu chn MBA cho cc trm
bin p phn xng nh sau:
Tn
TBA
SdmB
(kVA)
Uc /Un
(kV)
DP0
(kW)
DPN
UN
(%)
I0
(%)
B1
560
35/0.4 1.06
5,47 5
1.5
B2
560
35/0.4 1.06
5,47 5
1.5
B3
560
35/0.4 1.06
5,47 5
1.5
B3
560
35/0.4 1.06
5,47 5
1,5
Tng vn u t cho cc trm bin p: 672.000.000
SL
Gi
(my) (nghn
ng)
2
84.000
2
84.000
2
84.000
2
84.000
Thnh
tin(nghn ng)
168.000
168.000
168.000
168.000
xc nh tn tht D A trong cc trm bin p ta dng cng thc sau:

S
1
D A = n * D P0 * t + * D Pn *( tt ) 2 * t (kWh)
n
S dmB
Trong :
n : s my bin p trong trm .
t : thi gian vn hnh ca MBA.Vi may vn hnh c nm t=8760 h.
t : thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht. Do nh my lm vic 3 ca
(Tmax=6000h) v h s cng sut ca nh my cosj =0.71 nn do t
=4300 h
D PN , D P0 : tn hao cng sut khng ti v ngn mch ca MBA
Stt : cng sut nh mc ca MBA.
Tnh ton chi tit cho tng trm bin p:
Tnh ton tng t cho cc trm bin p nh phn trn ta c bng tng
kt sau:
60
Sttnm
SdmB
DPN
AP0
DA(kWh)
(kVA)
(kVA)
(kW)
(kW)
B1
2
927,5
560
5,47
1,06
50832,18
B2
2
939,06 560
5,47
1,06
51641,36
B3
2
896,55 560
5,47
1,06
48715,05
B4
2
627,47 560
5,47
1,06
33336,27
Tng tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p: DA=184524,86 (kWh)
Tn trm
S my
Chn dy dn v xc nh tn tht cng sut:

Chn cp t trm bin p trung gian v cc trm bin p phn xng :
Do ng dy cp in cho nh my l ngn so vi mng li in nn
cao p c chn theo mt dng kinh t Jkt .
I
max
tt
Fktt = J = J
kt
kt
vi Jkt=2,7.
Mt khc do cp t trm bin p trung gian n cc trm bin p phn

xng u l l kp nn:
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm
Sau khi chn cp ta phi kim tra cp theo iu kin pht nng :
K1*K2*Icp vi Isc
Trong :
K1: H s hiu chnh k n mi trng dy cp , y K1=1
K2:H s hiu chnh theo s lng cp t trong mt rnh . y ,mi
rnh ta t 2 cp cch nhau 300 mm .C K2=0,93
Do khong cch t trm bin p trung gian n cc trm bin p phn
xng l ngn nn c th b qua tn tht in p DU ca dy cp.
Tin hnh tnh ton chi tit cho tng trm :
a)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B1
Ta c :
61
Sttpx
927,5
2 3 *35 = 7,64 (A)
Imax = 2 3 *U dm =
I
7, 64
max
tt
Fktt = J = J = 2, 7 = 2,83
kt
kt
(mm2)
Tra bng tit din dy cp ,ta chn loi cp ng 3 li ,XLPE do hng

FURUKAWA ch to c tit din F = 50 (mm2) v c Icp= 205 (A).
0,93*Icp=0,93*205=190,65 > Ics=2.Imax=15,28 (A)
b)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B2:
Ta c :
Sttpx
939, 06
= 2 3 *35 =7,74 (A)
Imax = 2 3 *U dm
I
7, 74
max
tt
Fktt = J = J = 2, 7 =2,87(mm2)
kt
kt

0,93*Icp=0,93*205=190,65 > Ics=2.Imax=15.48(A)
c)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B3:
Ta c :
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm =
896,55
2 3 *35 =7,39 (A)
62
7,39
max
tt
Fktt = J = J = 2, 7 =2,73
kt
kt
(mm2)

FURUKAWA ch to c tit din F = 50 (mm2) v c Icp= 205 (A).
0,93*Icp=0,93*205=190,65 > Ics=2.Imax=14,78 (A)
d)T trm bin p trung gian v trm bin p B4:
Ta c :
Sttpx
Imax = 2 3 *U dm =
I
627, 71
2 3 *35 =5,18(A)
5,18
max
tt
Fktt = J = J = 2, 7 =1,92(mm2)
kt
kt

0,93*Icp=0,93*205=190,65 > Ics=2.Imax=10,36 (A)
Chn cp t bin p phn xng v cc phn xng :
Do tnh ton kinh t nn ta ch tnh chn cho cc on cc on cp h p
khc nhau gia cc phng n ,cc on ging nhau c b qua trong qu
trnh tnh ton.
Ci phng n 1 ta khong cn tnh .
T kt qu tnh ton dy cp rn ,ta c bng tng kt tnh chn dy sau:
Dy cp
F(mm2)
Chiu di R0
n gi Thnh tin
(m)
( W/ km ) (nghn
(nghn
ng/m) ng )
63
TPPTT B1
3 50
46.86
TPPTT B2
3 50
34.4
TPPTT B3
3 50
22.8
TPPTT B4
3 50
54.4
Tng vn u t dy cp: 27804170
0.494
0.494
0.494
0.494
175.465
175.465
175.465
175.465
8222.29
6035.99
4000.6
9545.29
Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn cc ng dy :

Tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy c xac nh theo cng thc
sau :
DP =
Sttpx 2
2
U dm
* R *10- 3 (kW)
Trong :
1
n
R= * r0 * l ( W ) vi n l s ng dy i song song.
T tn tht trn on cp trn on cp t TPPTT ti B1 l:
DP =
Sttpx 2
2
U dm
* R *10- 3 =
927,52 1
* *0, 494*0, 04686*10- 3 =0,00813
2
35
2
Tnh ton tng t cho cc on cp cn li ,ta c kt qu sau:

Xc nh tn tht in nng trn cc ng dy :
Dy cp
F(mm2)
Chiu di R0
Stt
(m)
( W/ km ) (kVA)
TPPTT B1
3 50
46.86
0.494
927.5
TPPTT B2
3 50
34.4
0.494
939.06
TPPTT B3
3 50
22.8
0.494
896.55
TPPTT B4
3 50
54.4
0.494
627.47
Tng tn tht tc dng trn dy cp: DP =0.03638 (kW)
DP
(kW)
0.00813
0.01223
0.00739
0.00863
Tn tht in nng trn cc ng dy c tnh theo cng thc :

DA = DP * t (kWh)
Vi t l thi gian tn tht cng sut cc i theo tnh ton ta c t =
4300h
.T ta c:
64
DA = DP
*t
= 0.03638*4300=156.434 (kWh)
Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 2:

Tng s vn u t ca phng n 2:
Tng vn u t gm vn u t cho my bin p v ng dy .
K2=KB+KD=672.000.000+27.804.170=699.804.170
Tng tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p v ng dy :
D A2 = D AB +D AD =184.524,86+156,434=184681,294 (kW)
Chi phi tnh ton cho phng n 1:
Z2=(avh+att)*K2+c* D A2 =(0,1+0,2)*699804.170+1000*184681,294
=184.891.235,3
Nhn xt:
Qua kt qu tnh ton trong bng trn ta thy phng n 2 l phng n
kinh t hn. Phng n ny c n tht in nng ,tng s vn u t thp hn
trong 2 phng n a ra .Vy ta chn phng n 2 l phng n kinh t
hn.
4.4.
Thit k chi tit cho phng n c chn :
4.4.1.Chn dy dn t h thng in v trm phn phi trung tm :

Nh ta bit ,do ng dy cung cp in ca nh my c truyn t
trm bin p trung gian cch nh my 15km ,nn ta s dng ng dy trn trn
khng,dy nhm li thp ,l kp.
Vi nh my lm vic 3 ca c thi gian s dng ln ,dy dn c chn
theo mt dng kinh t .Tra bng vi Tmax=6000h ta c Jkt=1A/mm2
-Dng in tnh ton chy trn mi dy dn :
Sttnm
3390.58
Ittnm= 2 3 *U =
=27,96 (A)
2 3 *35
dm
Tit din kinh t ca cp:
65
I max
27,96
Fktt = J =
=27,96
1
kt
(mm2)
T ta chn dy cp nhm li thp AC-35,c tit din 35 mm2 c Icp=170

(A)
-Kim tra dy dn theo iu kin s c t 1 dy :
Isc= 2.Ittnm=55,93 < Icp=170 A
Nhn thy dy chn tho mn iu kin s c .
-Kim tra dy dn theo iu kin tn tht in p cho php :
Dy dn chn c X0= 0,35 ( W/km) v R0=0,85 ( W/km).
Ta c tn tht in p l:
DU =
Pttnm * R0 + Qttnm * X 0 1772,8*0,85*15 +1958,96 *0,35*15

=
2*U dm
2.35
=469.82 V
Ta thy D U < D U cp = 5%Udm = 1750 V
Nh vy dy dn chn tho mn iu kin tn tht in p cho
php.Vy ta chn dy dn AC-35
4.4.2. S trm phn phi trung tm :
Vi phng n chn ,ta s dng trm phn phi trung tm nhn in
t h thng v cp in cho nh my.Do ,vic la chn s ni da ca
trm c nh hng ln v trc tip n vn an ton cp in cho nh my
.S cn tho mn cc iu kin nh :cung cp lin tc theo yu cu ca ph
ti ,n gin ,thun tin cho vic vn hnh v s l s c, hp l v mt kinh t,
m bo cc yu cu k thut.
Nh my ang xt thuc loi ph ti loi II song c cp in nh loi I,
v vy trm phn phi c cung cp bi 2 ng dy vi h thng 01 thanh
gp c phn on ,lin lc gia 2 phn on ca thanh gp bng my ct hp b
,Trn mi phn on thanh gp t 1my bin p o lng 3 pha nm tr c
cun tam giac h bo chm t 1 pha trn cp 35kV . chng st tng dy
truyn vo trm ,t chng st van trn phn on thanh gp.My bin dng
66
c t trn tt ca cc l vo ra ca trm c tc dng bin i dng in ln

thnh dng nh (5A) cung cp cho mch o lng v bo v .
Ta chn cc t hp b ca SIEMENS,my ct loi 8DC11 c cc thng s sau :
Loi my ct Cch in Idm(A)
Udm(V)
8DC11
36
SF6
1250
IN(kA)max IN(kA)13s
63
25
4.4.3.Tnh ton ngn mch pha cao p :

a.Tnh ton ngn mch pha cao p :
Khi tnh ton ngn mch pha cao p ,do khng bit cu trc c th ca
mng li in quc gia thng qua cng sut ngn mch pha cao h p ca
trm bin p trung gian v coi h thng c cng sut v cng ln .S nguyen
l v s thay th c trnh by trn hnh v sau:
- S nguyn l:
BATG MC
H
T
DK
S thay th:
- XHT
ZD
N1
MC
N2
Cp
BATT
N1
ZBATT
N3
N2
ZC
DCL
N3
ZBAPX
N4
CC BAPX
N4
la chn ,kim tra dy dn v cc thit b i cn tnh ton 5 im ngn

mch sau:
N- im ngn mch trn thanh ci trm phn phi trung tm kim tra
my ct v thanh gp .
Ni-im ngn mch pha cao p v cc trm bin p kim tra cp v
cc thit b cao p trong trm .
+in khng h thng :
U2
XHT= (W)
SN
67
SN Cng sut ngn mch v pha h p ca trm bin p trung gian .S N=

250 MVA
U -in p ca ngun .U=36 kV
+in tr v in khng ng dy :
1
2
R= R0 * l (W)
1
2
X= X 0 * l (W)
Do ngn mch xa ngun nn dng ngn mch siu qu I bng dng
ngn mch n nh I ,nn c th vit:
U
IN=I= I = 3Z
N
Trong :
ZN -Tng tr h thng n im ngn mch cn tnh
U - in p ca ng dy .
+Tr s dng ngn mch xung kch:
IXK = 1.8 2 * I N (kA)
Ta c bng tnh ton in tr v khng ca cc ng dy trong x nghip
sau:
ng cp
TPPTT B1
TPPTT B2
TPPTT B3
TPPTT B4
HT TPPTT
F(mm2)
3 50
3 50
3 50
3 50
AC-35
L(Km)
0,04686
0,0344
0,0228
0,054
15
R0( W/Km)
0,494
0,494
0,494
0,494
0,85
X0( W/Km)
0,124
0,124
0,124
0,124
0,35
R( W)
0,023
0,017
0,011
0,027
12,75
X( W)
0,0058
0,0043
0,0028
0,0067
5,25
Tnh ton ngn mch ti thanh gp ca trm phn phi:

XHT =
U2
362
=
=0,021( W)
S N 250000
R =RHT=12,75
X =XD+XHT=5,25+0,021=5,271
68
36
IN= 3Z =
=1,51 (kA)
3. 12, 752 + 5, 7212
N
Ixk=1.8* 2 *IN=1,8. 2 .1,51=3,84 (kA)
Tnh ton tng t nh trn cho cc im ngn mch ti cc trm bin p
phn xng ,ta c bng sau:
im ngn mch
IN (kA)
Ixk (kA)
N
N1
N2
N3
N4
1,51
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,49
3,84
3,82
3,82
3,82
3,79
b.La chn v kim tra my ct ,thanh dn ca trm PPTT:

My ct loi 8DC11 dc chn theo cc tiu chun sau:
in p nh mc :
UdmMC Udmmang=35 kV
Dng in nh mc ;
IdmMC Ilvmax =2*Ittnm=55,93 A
Dng inct dnh mc :
Idmcat= 25 (kA) IN=1,51 kA
Dng n nh ng cho php: Iodd= 63 (kA) Ixk=3,64 kA

Thanh dn chn vt cp nn khng cn kim tra n nh ng.
c.La chn v kim tra my bin in p BU:
My bin in p c chn theo cc tiu chun sau :
in p nh mc :
Udm Udmmang=35 kV
Vi tiu chun trn ta chn loi BU 3 pha 5 tr c k hiu 4MS46do

SIEMENS ch to
c cc thng s sau:
Udm= 36 (kV)
U chiu ng tn s cng nghip =75 kV
69
U chiu ng xung 1,2/50 ms =170 kV

Udm1=35 kV
Udm2=100,110,120 V
Ti nh mc : 900 VA
d.La chn v kim tra my bin dng in:
-My bin dng in c chn theo cc tiu chun sau :
in p nh mc :
Udm Udmmang=35 kV
Vi tiu chun trn ta chn loi BI c k hiu 4MA76 doSIEMENS ch

to c cc thng s sau:
Udm= 36 (kV)
U chiu ng tn s cng nghip =75 kV
U chiu ng xung 1,2/50 ms =170 kV
Idm1=20-2000 A
Idm2=1 hoc 5 A
I n nh ng 120 kA
I n nh nhit 80 A
e.La chn chng st van :
Chng st van c chn theo cp din p Udmm=35 kV
Vy ta chon loi chng st van do hng COOPER ch to c Udm=35 kV
4.4.4 S trm bin p phn xng :

Cc trm bin p phn xng u t 2 MBA do hng ABB sn xut .Do
cc trm bin phn xng u t rt gn trm phn phi trung tm nn pha
cao p chcn t dao cch ly v cu ch bo v .Dao cch ly dng cch ly
my bin p khi cn sa cha ,cu ch dng bo v ngn mch v qua ti cho
70
my bin p .Pha h p ,ta s t Aptomat tng v cc Aptomat nhnh ,thanh

ci h p c phn on bng Aptomat phn on . hnh ch dng ngn
mch v pha h p v dn gin ho vic bo v ,ta la chn phng thc
cho 2 may lm vic c lp .Ch khi 1 my b s c mi s dng .Aptomat
phnon ct in cho ph ti c phn on c my bn p s c.
a. La chn v kim tra dao cch ly cao p :
d dng cho vic mua sm ,thay th lp t ,ta quyt nh s dng
chung 1 loi dao cach ly cho tt c cc trm bin p .Dao cch ly c chn
theo cc iu kin sau :
in p nh mc:
UdmCL Udmm=35 kV
Dng in dnh mc
IdmCL Ilvmax=2.Ittnm=55,93 A
Dng n nh dng cho php
Iodd Ixk=3,64 kA
tho mn cc iu kin trn ,ta chn dao cch ly do hn SIEMENS

ch to c cc thng s sau :
Udm =36 kV
Idm=630-2500 A
INt=20 -31,5 kA
INmax=50-80 kA
b.La chn v kim tra cu ch h p:
Tta s dng chung 1 loicu ch cao p cho tt c cc trm bin p .Vic
la chn cu ch h p c tnh da vo cc iu kin sau:
in p nh mc :
UdmCC = Udmm=35 kV
Dng in s cp nh mc
tnh dng in s cp nh mc ta thc hin tnh cho cc im c dng ngn
mch ln nht . y chnh l ti MBA B2:
k .S dmB 2
1,3.560
IdmB = Ilvmax= 3 *U =
=12 A
3 *35
dm
71
Dng din c nh mc: Idmct = IN2=1,5 kA

Do ta chn cu ch loi 3GD1604 -5B do hng SIEMENS ch to ,c cc
thng s sau:
Udm=36 kV
Idm=20 A
IctN=31,5 kA
Ict Nmin=120 A
c.La chn v kim tra Aptomat :
Vi Aptomat tng v Aptomat phn on :
in p nh mc :
UdmA= Udmm=35 V
Dng in nh mc:
IdmA = Ilvmax= 3 *U
dm
k .S dmB 2
Tnh cho cc trm bin p :

-Trm bin p B1,B2,B3,B4:
c SdmBA=560 V
k .S dmB 2
1,3.560
IdmA = Ilvmax= 3 *U =
=1106,08(A)
3 * 0,38
dm
T kt qu tnh ton trn ta c bng chon Aptoma sau ,cc aptomat c chn
do hng Merline Gerin ch to
Tn
trm
Loi
S lng
Udm(V)
Idm(A)
IctN(kA)
S cc
B1
CM2000N
690
2000
50
3-4
B2
CM2000N
690
2000
50
3-4
B3
CM2000N
690
2000
50
3-4
72
B4
CM2000N
690
2000
50
3-4
Vi Aptomat nhnh :
in p nh mc :
UdmA= Udmm=0,38
Dng in nh mc:
IdmA = Ilvmax= 3 *U
dm
k .S dmB 2
Trong n l s Aptomat nhnh a in v phn xng .

Kt qa la chn Aptomat nhnh c th hin trong bng sau:
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Tn phn xng
Stt
VA
Phn xng c kh 805.7
chnh
Phn xng lp rp 803.59
Phn xng sa 135.47
cha c kh
Phn xng rn
551.01
Phn xng c
345.54
B phn nn p
340
Phn xng kt cu 202.2
kim loi
Vn
phng
v 85.27
phng thit k
Trm bm
121.8
Itt
(A)
1224,13
Loi
SL
2
Udm
(V)
690
Idm
(A)
1250
Ict
(kA)
50
CM1250N
1220,93
205,82
CM1600N
NS400N
2
2
690
690
1250
400
50
10
837,17
524,99
516,57
307,21
C1001N
NS630N
NS630N
NS400N
2
2
2
2
690
690
690
690
1000
630
630
400
25
10
10
10
129,55
NS250N
690
250
185,05
NS400N
690
400
10
d.La chn thanh gp:

Tiu chun la chn thanh gp:
S
tt
Khc.Icp Icb= 3U
m
Vi Stt: L cng sut tnh tin ln trong cc trm bin p c tnh ton;
Theo Stt=SttB2=1695,29 kVA
73
Thay vo cng thc trn ta c Icp 1487,09 A

Vy ta chn thanh ci bng ng c tit din 120 10 c l=1,2 m
Icp= 5200A ;mi pha ghp 3 thanh .Khong cch trung bnh hnh hc D=300
mm
e.Kim tra cp chn :
Ta kim tra cp chn theo iu kin n nh nhiy:
F a.I . tqd
Vi:
a :H s nhit ,cp li ng c
I :Dng ngn mch n nh
tqd :Thi gian quy i ,c xc nh bng tnh thi gn tc ng ca bo v
chnh ti my ct in gn im s c vi thi gian tc ng ton phn ca
my ct in .Vi ngn mch xa ngun,ta ly thi gian quy i bng thi gian
tn ti ngn mch
Ta ch cn tnh ton cho on cp c dng ngn mch ln nht l : IN2=1,5 kA
F a.I . tqd =6.1,5. 0, 4 =5,7 mm2
Vi cp chn c tit din F=50 mm2 ta thy cp chn l tho mn
iu kin n nh nhit .
Kt lun :
T cc kt qu tnh ton trn ta thy cc phng n v thit b in
chn cho mng cao p l tho mn cc ch tiu v kinh t ,k thut ra
74
Chng V:
TNH TON CNG SUT PHN KHNG NNG
CAO H S CNG SUT CHO NH MY
5.1.
t vn
Vn s dng hp l v tit kim in nng trong cc x nghip cng

nghip c ngha rt ln i vi nn kinh t v cc XN ny tiu th khong
55% tng s in nng c sn xut ra . h s cng sut cos j l mt trong cc
ch tiu nh gi XN dng in c hp l v tit kim hay khng . nng cao
h s cng sut cos j l mt ch trng lu di gn lin vi mc ch pht huy
hiu qu cao nht trong qu trnh SX , PP v s dng in nng .
Phn ln cc thit b tiu dng in u tiu th cng sut tc dng P v
cng sut phn khng Q . P l cng sut c bin thnh c nng hoc nhit
nng trong cc thit b dng in , cn cng sut phn khng Q l cng sut t
ho trong my in xoay chiu , n khng sinh ra cng. Qa trnh trao i cng
sut Q gia MF v h tiu th l mt qu trnh dao ng . mi chu k ca dng
in , Q i chiu 4 ln , gi tr trung bnh ca Q trong mi chu k ca dng
in bng khng . vic to ra cng sut phn khng i hi tiu tn nng lng
ca ng c s cp quay MF in . mt khc cng sut phn khng cung cp
cho h tiu th dng in khng nht thit phi ly t ngun . v vy trnh
truyn ti mt lng Q kh ln trn ng dy , ngi ta t gn cc h tiu
dng in cc my sinh ra Q cung cp trc tip cho ph ti , lm nh vy
c gi l b cng sut phn khng . khi b cng sut phn khng th gc lch
pha gia dng in v in p trong mch s nh i do h s cng sut cos j
ca mng c nng cao Q,P v gc j c quan h sau:
j =arctgP/Q
Khi lng P khng i , nh c b cng sut phn khng , lng Q

truyn ti trn ng dy gim xung do gc j gim , kt qu l cos j tng
ln .
75
H s cng sut cos j c nng cao ln s a n nhng hiu qu sau :

+> Gim c tn tht cng sut v tn tht in nng trong mng in.
+> Gim c tn tht in p tng mng in .
+> Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v my bin p .
+> Tng kh nng pht ca cc my pht in .
Cc bin php nng cao h s cng sut cosj.
Nng cao h s cng sut cos j t nhin :l tm cc bin php cc
h tiu th in gim bt c lng cng sut PK tiu th nh : hp l ho
cc QT sn xut, gim thi gian chy khng ti ca cc ng c, thay th cc
ng c thng xuyn lm vic non ti bng cc ng c cos j cng sut hp
l hn ... nng cao h s cng sut cos j t nhin rt cos j li v a li hiu
qu kinh t lu di m khng phi t thm thit b b .
Nng cao h s cng sut cos j bng bin php b cng sut phn
khng . thc cht l t cc thit b b gn cc h tiu th in cung cp
cng sut PK theo yu cu ca chng , nh vy s gim c lng CSPK pha
truyn ti trn ng dy theo yu cu ca chng .
Chn thit b b .
b cng sut PK cho cc HTCC in c th s dng t in tnh, my
b ng b .
y ta la chn cc b t in tnh lm thit b b cho nh my. S
dng cc b t c u im l tiu hao t cng sut tc dng , khng c phn
quay nh my b ng b nn lp rp , vn hnh v bo qun d dng .t in
c ch to thnh tng n v nh , v th c th tu theo s pht trin ca cc
ph ti trong qy trnh SX m chng ta ghp dn t in vo mng khin hiu
sut s dng cao v khng phi b vn u t ngay mt lc .
V tr t cc thit b b nh hng rt nhiu n hiu qu b . cc b t
in b c th t PPTT , thanh ci cao p ca TBATG , ti cc t phn
phi ,t ng lc hoc ti u cc cc ph ti ln . xc nh chnh xc v tr
v dng PA t b cho mt h thng cung cp in c th . song theo kinh
76
nghim thc t trong trng hp cng sut v dung lng b cng PK ca cc

NM , TB khng tht ln c th phn b dung lng b cn thit t ti thanh
ci h p ca cc TBATG gim nh vn u t v thun li cho cng tc
qun l .
5.2.
Xc nh v phn b dung lng b .
a).
Xc nh dung lng b .
Qb
Dung lng b cn thit cho nh my c xc nh theo cng thc sau :

= Pttnm (tg j 1 - tg j 2 ) a
trong : Pttnm - ph ti tc dng tnh ton ca nh my (kw)
j
gc ng vi h s cng sut trung bnh trc khi b cos j
gc ng vi h s cng sut bt buc sau khi b cos j
a - h s xt ti kh nng nng cao cos j

i hi t thit b b, a = 0.9 - 1
= 0.72
= 0.95
bng nhng bin php khng
Vi nh my ang thit k ta tm c dung lng b cn thit :

Qb = Pttnm (tg j
b).
- tg j
) a = 1904.99.(0,96-0.33).1=1200.14 Kva
Phn b dung lng b cho cc trm bin p phn xng .
T trm phn phi trung tm v cc my BAPX l mng hnh tia gm 6 nhnh .

BATT
T
RC1
RC2
RC3
RC4
RC5
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
Cng thc tnh dung lng b ti u cho cc nhnh ca mng hnh tia .
Qb1
Q1 Qb2 Q2
Qb3 Q3
Qb4
Q4
Qb5
Q5
77
Qbi =Qi ((Q - Qb)/Ri )* Rt. Trong :

Qbi:cng sut phn khng cn b t ti ph ti th i (kVAr)
Qi : cng sut tnh ton phn khng ng vi ph ti th i (kVAr)
Q: cng sut phn khng ton nh my
Ri : in tr ca nhnh th i ( W)
Rt : in tr tng ng ca mng ( W)
Rt =(1/R1+1/R2 +1/R3 +1/R4+1/R5+1/R6)-1
thay s : Rt =0.01. Kt qu tnh ton phn b dung lng b trong nh my
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tuyn cp
PPTT-B1
PPTT-B2
PPTT-B3
PPTT-B4
PPTT-B5
B5-B6
R( W)
0.077
0.053
0.028
0.056
0.132
0.097
Qtt (kvar)
2209,5
2448
1836
1530
311,63
1405
Qb(kvar)
1857,2
1936,1
867,1
1045,6
106,1
1125,3
Loi t
KC2-0.38-50-3Y3
KC2-0.38-50-3Y3
KC2-0.38-50-3Y3
KC2-0.38-50-3Y3
KC2-0.38-28-3Y1
KC2-0.38-50-3Y3
Qt
50
50
50
50
28
50
SL
16
26
14
34
4
16
S lp t t b cos trm B1 (cc trm BA khc lp t tng t)
T Aptomat
tng
T phn
phi PX
T b
cos j
T aptomat
phn on
T b
cos j
T phn T Aptomat
phi PX
tng
78
CHNG VI:
THIT K MNG CHIU SNG CHUNG
CA PHN XNG SA CHA C KH
6.1. t vn
Trong cc nh my, x nghip cng nghip h thng chiu sng c vai tr
quan trng trong vic m bo cht lng sn phm, nng cao nng sut lao
ng, an ton trong sn xut v sc kho ca ngi lao ng. Nu nh sng
khng , ngi lao ng s phi lm vic trong trng thi cng thng, hi mt
v nh hng nhiu n sc kho, kt qu l hng lot sn phm khng t tiu
chun k thut v nng sut lao ng thp, thm ch cn gy tai nn trong khi
lm vic. Cng v vy h thng chiu sng phi m bo cc yu cu :
+> Khng b lo mt .
+> Khng b lo do phn x .
+> Khng to ra khong ti bi nhng vt b che .
+> Phi c ri ng u
+> Phi to c nh sng cng gn nh sng t nhin cng tt .
6.2. La chn s lng v cng sut ca h thng n chiu sng chung
H thng chiu sng chung ca phn xng sa c kh s dng cc bng
n si t sn xut ti Vit Nam . Phn xng sa cha c kh c mt bng s
dng l 900 m2 cc thit b c phn b u trn mt bng PX gm c phng
sinh hot v nghip v phn xng . Ngun in s dng U=220 V c ly t
t chiu sng ca t TBAPX B5
ri yu cu : E=30lx
H s d tr : k=1.3
Khong cch t n n mt cng tc
H= h-hc-hlv =4.5-0.7-0.8 = 3 m
trong : h chiu cao ca PX (tnh t nn n trn ca PX)
hc khong cch t trn n n, hc =0.7 m
hlv chiu cao t nn phn xng n mt cng tc,hlv =0.8m
Khong cch gia cc n L=1.8 * H= 5.4 m , chn L=5 m
79
n c b tr lm 4 dy , cch nhau 5m , cch tng l 2.5 m , tng

cng l 32 bng , mi dy 8 bng .
- Xc nh ch s phng :
a = a.b/H.(a+b)=20.45/3.(20+45)=4,62
Ly h s phn x ca tng l 50% , ca trn l 30% , tm c h s s
dng Ksd =0.48 ly h s d tr k=1.3 , h s tnh ton Z= 1.1 , xc nh c
quang thng mi n l :
F= K*E*S*Z/ n.Ksd
= 1,3.30.900.1,1/32.0,48= 2513,67 (lumen )
Tra bng chn bng P=200 W
Ngoi chiu sng trong phng sn xut cn t thm 4 bng cho 2 phng
thay qun o , phng WC . tng cng ton xng cn :
32bng *200+ 4bng *200= 7,2 KW
6.3.Thit k mng in chiu sng
t ring mt t chiu sng cnh ca ra vo ly in t t phn phi ca
xng. T gm mt ptmt tng 3 pha v 9 ptmt nhnh mt pha, mi
ptmt nhnh cp in cho 4 bng .
a). Chn cp t t PP ti t chiu sng .
I cs =
Pcs
3* U dm
=16,4 A
Chn cp ng 4 li , v PVC , do CLIPSAL sn xut , tit din 6 m2

Icp = 45 A PVC(3.6+1.4)
b). Chn p tmt tng .
Chn ptmt tng 50 A , 3 pha , do i Loan sn xut TO-50EC- 50A
c). Chn ptmt nhnh .
Cc ptmt nhnh chn ging nhau, mi ptmt cp in cho 4 bng .
Dng qua ptmt (1pha)
In =4.0,2 /0,22 = 3,64
Chn 9 ptmt nhnh 1 pha Im = 10 A do i Loan ch to
d). Chn dy dn t ptmt nhnh n cm 4 bng
Chn dy ng bc tit din 2.5 mm2 c Icp =27 A
- Kim tra iu kin chn dy kt hp vi ptmt .
+> Kim tra cp PVC (3.6+1.4) h s hiu chnh k=1
80
45A> 1,25.50/1,5=41,6A
+> Kim tra dy 2,5 mm2
27A> 1,25. 10/ 1,5 =8,33 A
- Kim tra lch in p .
V ng dy ngn , cc dy u c chn vt cp khng cn kim tra
81
T PP
T CS
PVC(3x6+1,4)
10xQCE-10A
82

Thietke Cung Cap Dien

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Trng i hc bch khoa h ni

KTo & Tin CN1 K52

Ging vin hng dn

3.1. Gii thiu chung v phn xng .................................................................32

GII THIU CHUNG V NH MY

Gii thiu chung v nh my

Nh my C kh cng nghip a phng ( nh my s 8) l mt nh

Suy ra: din tch thc = din tch trn bn v 5000

Danh sch cc phn xng trong nh my

Nh my c tm quan trng trong nn kinh t quc dn gip chng ta

Cc ni dung tnh ton thit k ch yu.

1. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng v ton nh my.

Chn s lng, dung lng v v tr t bin p trung gian (trm

bin p x nghip) hay trm phn phi trung gian.

Ph ti l s liu ban u, gii quyt nhng vn tng hp v kinh

Mc ch tnh ton ph ti in ti cc im nt nhm chn tit din dy

Cc phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton

Vi: Khd l h s hnh dng ca th ph ti, tra trong s tay k thut.

Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut trung bnh v

Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo xut trang b in trn

Vi: Po l xut trang b in trn mt n v din tch, [w/m2]

F l din tch s thit b [m2].

Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut trung bnh v

Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut t v h s

Vi : Knc l h s nhu cu tra trong s tay k thut.

Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut tiu hao in

Vi : Ao l sut chi ph in nng cho mt n v sn phm [kw/vsp]

Phng php tnh trc tip.

Trong bi tp ny vi phn xng xa cha c kh bit v tr, cng

Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng sa cha c kh .

2.3.1. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho cc nhm.

V ph ti cho bit kh nhiu thng tin, nn ta quyt nh xc nh ph

Trong Im c tnh theo cng thc Im=Po/(3*U*cos)

Tra bng hoc c th tnh n =

P*2 (1-P* )2 n* (1-n*)

Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.78->nhq=0.78*6 4.68

Vi ksd =0.16 v nhq=4.68 ta c Kmax=1.72

Dng in dnh nhn:

* I dmDmax + Idm =3*11.36 + 36.74=70.82 A

Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 2.

7 +10 + 8.1 +14 +10

Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.78->nhq=0.78*9 7.02

Vi ksd =0.16 v nhq=7.02 ta c Kmax=1.67

16 .54 *16 .54 +22 * 22

c. Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 3.

Tra bng hoc c th tnh n =

Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.3->nhq=0.3*11 = 3.3

Vi ksd =0.16 v nhq=3.3 ta c Kmax=1.75

P*=P1/P= 24 .95 =0.28

Tra bng hoc c th tnh n =

Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.7 ->nhq=0.7*10 = 7

Vi ksd =0.16 v nhq=7 ta c Kmax=1.67

6.67 * 6.67 +8.87 * 8.87

Dng in dnh nhn:

* I dmDmax + Idm =3*17.68+62.99=151.39 A

e. Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 5.

P*=P1/P= 53 .15 =0,47

Tra bng hoc c th tnh n =

Tnh ton ta c nhq*=0.4->nhq=0.4*11 = 4.4

Vi ksd =0.16 v nhq=4.4 ta c Kmax=1.72

14 .67 * 14 .67 +19 .5 * 19 .5 =24.41

= K mm * I dmDmax + Idm =3*63.13+134.21=323.6 A

2.3.2. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton phn xng sa cha c

chn loi n si t c cos=1. F l din tch chiu sng, tnh theo t

Trong Im c tnh theo cng thc Im=Po/(3Ucos)

P2 (1-P )2 n* (1-n*)

Tnh ton ta c nhq=0.78->nhq=0.786 4.68

Tnh ton ta c nhq=0.78->nhq=0.789 7.02

16 .54 16 .54 +22 22

Tnh ton ta c nhq=0.3->nhq=0.311 = 3.3

Tnh ton ta c nhq=0.7 ->nhq=0.710 = 7

Tnh ton ta c nhq=0.4->nhq=0.411 = 4.4