CHE O PHAP LY VE VN CHUYEN HANG HOA QUOC TE BANG NG BIEN I- KHAI NIEM CHUNG VE HP ONG VAN CHUYEN HANG

HOA QUOC TE (H VCHHQT ). 1. ac iem : - Hang hoa - oi tng cua Hp ong ; -Cac ben tham gia H VCHHQT; -Ngi giao hang ; -Ngi nhan hang; -Noi dung cua H. 2.Phan loai H: - H VCHHQT bang ng bien. - H VCHHQT bang ng khong. - H VCHHQT bang ng bo. - H VCHHQT bang ng sat. - H VCHHQT bang van tai a phng thc. II- H VCHHQT BANG NG BIEN 1- Khai niem va luat ieu chnh. -Khai niem : (.70) H VCHHQT bang ng bien la hp ong c giao ket gia Ngi van chuyen va Ngi thue van chuyen, theo o, Ngi van chuyen thu tien cc do Ngi thue van chuyen tra va dung tau bien e van chuyen hang hoa t cang nhan hang en cang tra hang. -Phan loai H VCHH bang ng bien (.71) + H VCHHQT theo chng t van chuyen : la H VCHH bang ng bien c giao ket vn ieu kien Ngi van chuyen khong phai danh cho Ngi thue van chuyen nguyen tau hoac mot phan tau cu the ma ch can c vao chung loai, so lng, kch thc hoac trong lng cua hang hoa e van chuyen. + H VCHHQT theo chuyen (tramp): la hp ong van chuyen hang hoa bang ng bien c giao ket vi ieu kien Ngi van chuyen danh cho Ngi thue van chuyen nguyen tau hoac mot phan tau cu the e van chuyen hang hoa theo chuyen. II- H VCHHQT BANG NG BIEN 1- Khai niem va luat ieu chnh. -Luat ieu chnh : + oi vi H VCHHQT theo chng t van chuyen: Cac ieu c quoc te ; Luat quoc gia do cac ben la chon;

Tap quan hang hai quoc te.

+ oi vi H VCHHQT bang tau chuyen (tramp): Theo Hp ong thue tau (C/P); Theo luat ap dung cho H do cac ben la chon; Theo tap quan hang hai- thng mai QT. II- H VCHHQT BANG NG BIEN 2/ Cac ben lien quan en H VCHH bang ng bien: (.72) - Ngi van chuyen (carrier) la ngi t mnh hoac uy quyen cho ngi khac giao ket H VCHH bang ng bien vi Ngi thue van chuyen. Ngi van chuyen thc te (actual carrier) la ngi c Ngi van chuyen uy thac thc hien toan bo hoac mot phan viec van chuyen hang hoa bang ng bien. Ngi thue van chuyen (shipper / charterer) la ngi t mnh hoac uy quyen cho ngi khac giao ket H VCHH bang ng bien vi Ngi van chuyen. Ngi giao hang (Shippers/consignor) la ngi t mnh hoac c ngi khac uy thac giao hang cho giao hang cho Ngi van chuyen HH bang ng bien. Ngi nhan hang (consignee) la ngi co quyen nhan hang theo quy nh trong H VCHH bang ng bien. III- H VCHHQT THEO CHNG T VAN CHUYEN (BANG TAU CH) 1. Khai niem: + Hp ong van chuyen theo chng t van chuyen (Booking Note) (.71) + Chng t van chuyen (.73) *Van n (B/L):theo Ban Th ky cua UNCTAD th thuat ng B/L dung ch mot chng t lam bang chng ve viec boc hang len mot tau bien. Muc ch chu yeu cua B/L la cho phep chu hang nh oat hang hoa ien quan mac du hang hoa khong trong tay mnh ma ang c atdi s cham soc, bao quan cua Ngi van chuyen. *Giay gi hang ng bien (Seaway Bill) la bang chng ve viec hang hoa c nhan nh c ghi trong Seaway Bill; la bang chng cua H VCHH bang ng bien. Seaway Bill khong chuyen nhng c. *Chng t van chuyen khac la chng t do Ngi van chuyen va Ngi thue van chuyen thoa thuan ve noi dung, gia tr.

III- H VCHHQT THEO CHNG T VAN CHUYEN (BANG TAU CH) 1. Khai niem: (tiep theo) + Hp ong van chuyen theo chng t van chuyen (Booking Note) (.71) + Chng t van chuyen (.73) + Nguon luat ieu chnh : * Cac ieu c quoc te: Hague Rules (Brussel 1924) Hague Visby (Hague Rules c ieu chnh bi Protocol 1968/1979) Hamburg Rules 1978 * Luat quoc gia do cac ben la chon ap dung cho H; * Tap quan hang hai quoc te. 2. Ngha vu va trach nhiem cua cac ben: 2.1- Ngha vu va trach nhiem cua Ngi thue van chuyen ( Charterers): 2.1.1 Cung cap hang hoa:(.81) * ung chung loai; * ung so lng; * ung thi gian; * ung a iem; * bao b thch hp; * khai bao chnh xac - hang nguy hiem.(.82) 2.1.2 Tra tien cc : (84) * ay u; * ung thi gian; * ung phng thc va ieu kien thanh toan hai ben a thoa thuan. 2.2.Trach nhiem va ngha vu cua Ngi van chuyen (Carriers) : 2.2.1 oi vi phng tien van chuyen: Cung cap tau co u kha nang i bien. .75.1 Bo luat HH VN nam 2005: Ngi van chuyen phai man can e trc va khi bat au chuyen i, tau u kha nang i bien, co thuyen bo thch hp, c cung ng ay u trang thiet b va vat pham d tr; cac ham hang,ham lanh va khu vc khac dung e van chuyen hang hoa co u cac ieu kien nhan, van chuyen va bao quan hang hoa phu hp vi tnh chat cua hang hoa. Article 3.1 (Hague Rules): The carrier shall be bound before and at the beginning of the voyage to exercise due diligent to: a. Make the ship seaworthy; b. Properly man, equip and supply the ship; c. Make the holds, refrigeration and cold chambers, and all other

parts of the ship in which goods are carried, fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation. 2.2.Trach nhiem va ngha vu cua Ngi van chuyen (Carriers) : 2.2.2 Trach nhiem oi vi hang hoa. Thi han trach nhiem: BL HH VN 2005 .74.1: Trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen phat sinh t khi Ngi van chuyen nhan hang tai cang nhan hang, c duy tr trong suot qua trnh van chuyen va cham dt khi ket thuc viec tra hang tai cang tra hang. ( nhan hang ? Tra hang ? ) Hague Rules Article 1.e : Carriage of goods covers the period from the time when the goods are loaded to the time they are discharged from the ship. Hamburg Rules 4.1 : The responsibility of the carrier for the goods under this Convention covers the period during which the carrier is in charge of the goods at the port of loading, during the carriage and at the port of discharge. Trong moi trng hp, Ngi van chuyen chu trach nhiem ve viec boc hang, d hang can than va thch hp, cham soc chu ao HH trong qua trnh van chuyen. 2.2.Trach nhiem va ngha vu cua Ngi van chuyen (Carriers) : 2.2.3 Trach nhiem lien quan en B/L : + Phan loai B/L: (.86) Theo viec boc hang: * Van n nhan hang e xep ( Received for shippment B/L) ; * Van n hang a xep ( Shipped B/L ). Theo viec ghi ten ngi nhan hang tren B/L: * B/L ch danh (strait B/L) * B/L theo lenh (To order B/L) * B/L vo danh ( To the bearer B/L) + Noi dung cua B/L (.87). + Ghi chu tren B/L (.88). + Chuyen nhng B/L (.89). + Thay B/L bang chng t van chuyen khac (.90). 3. Cac can c mien trach cua ngi van chuyen:

* Bo luat HH VN 78.2 ( nh . 4 Cong c Brussel 1924 ); * Hague Rules (Brussel 1924) .4; Hague Visby (.3) * Hamburg Rules ( . 5 ). 4.Gii han trach nhiem nhiem cua ngi van chuyen: * Brussel 1924 ( . 4.5 ); * Hague Visby va Bo luat HH VN 2005 (.79); * Hamburg 1978 ( 6 ). 5. Thong bao ton that va thi hieu to tung * Theo Bo luat HH VN 2005 (.96 97): 3 ngay / 1 nam. * Theo Hague Rules (.3.6); Hague Visby (1.2): 3 ngay / 1 nam * Theo Hamburg 1978 (.19 va 20): 15 ngay / 2 nam. IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). 1. Khai niem va luat ieu chnh. * Khai niem (.71.2) : H VC theo chuyen la H VCHH bang ng bien c giao ket vi ieu kien Ngi van chuyen danh cho Ngi thue van chuyen nguyen tau hoac mot phan tau cu the e van chuyen hang hoa theo chuyen. * Luat ieu chnh: + ieu c quoc te ( cha co ); + Luat quoc gia do cac ben la chon; +Tap quan hang hai quoc te . IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 2.Nhng iem can lu y khi ky ket H VCHHQT theo chuyen: 2.1 Chon mau H thch hp; 2.2 Soat lai RECAP; 2.3 Phan biet Port charter vi berth charter ; * Waiting for berth clause * . 14 mau H Shellvoy quy nh khong ro rang: whether or not the specified berth or other loading spot is available and accessible, if the vessel is nevertheless ordered by the charterers to wait before proceeding thereto, laytime shall commence. * Ngi van chuyen nen a vao H quy nh : Time lost in waiting for berth to count as loading or discharging time as the case may be (.6 - GENCON).

IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 2.Nhng iem can lu y khi ky ket H VCHHQT bang ng bien: 2.4 Rotation xep / d; 2.5 Mo ta hang hoa : Lu y : stowing ..CBM/Ton without guarantee about 10,000 tons Nen quy nh dung sai : 5% MOLOO hay 5% MOLCO. 2.6 Ve thi gian tau en cang boc hang : BIMCO khuyen ngh nen a vao H : Time actually used before commencement of laytime shall count ( dong 97 GENCON) Cancelling clause Should the vessel not be ready to load ( whether in berth or not ) on or before the date indicated in box 19, charterers have the option of cancelling this contract, such option to be declared, if demanded, at least 48 hours before vessel expected arrival at port of loading. Should the vessel be delayed on account of average , or otherwise, charterers to be informed as soon as possible , and if the vesselis delayed for more than 10 days after the date she is stated to be expected ready to load, charterers have the option of cancelling this contract, unless the cancelling date has been agreed upon ( dong 120 129 GENCON ). IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 2.Nhng iem can lu y khi ky ket H VCHHQT theo chuyen 2.7 Ve thanh toan tien cc : * c s tnh cc; *Thi iem tra cc; *a iem tra cc; *ong tien thanh toan cc; *bien ong ty ga; Co the quy nh : Freight payment : 100% of freight, deadfreight of each shipment is payable in cash in United State Dollar by TT to the Owners nominated bank account within 5 (five) banking days after completion of loading and releasing of B/L of the captioned shipment. Freight, deadfreight is deemed earned upon completion of loading, discountless and non-returnable whether vessel and / or cargo lost or

not lost. IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 2.Nhng iem can lu y khi ky ket H VCHHQT theo chuyen: 2.8 Ve thng phat boc / d : * Co the quy nh: Dem / des : ..usd / DHD va nen quy nh them ATL / WTS both ends * Ngi van chuyen khong chap nhan ieu kien : demurrage in discharging port to be paid by receivers without any responsibility to charterers hoac: Demurrage to be paid upon owners presentation of invoice with all supporting documents within 30 days from completion of discharge hoac: despatch to be paid on all time saved ma ch co the chap nhan tra on laytime saved IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 2.Nhng iem can lu y khi ky ket H VCHHQT theo chuyen: 2.9 Thong at san sang xep d va bat au laytime. * ay la ieu khoan rat phc tap. * Nen tranh nhng quy nh khong ro rang, de dan en tranh chap: NOR to be tendered whether vessel in port or not but vessel to be in free pratique and vesselalso having been entered at Custom House , HOAC : NOR to be tendered whether vessel in port or not but the vessels holds to be cleaned to charterers inspectors sactisfaction HOAC: Laytime to commence at 08.00 after ship is reported during office hours only 2.10 Ve thi gian lam hang cho phep (laytime allowed) * ay la ieu khoan rat phc tap ; * Can tranh nhng quy nh khong ro rang; * Ngay lam viec la ngay 24 tieng (ong ho) lien tuc; * Ngay thi tiet cho phep lam hang; * Ngi van chuyen khong nen chap nhan ieu kien reversible laytime

IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 2.Nhng iem can lu y khi ky ket H VCHHQT theo chuyen: 2.11 Thi gian c tr ra khoi thi gian lam hang. * Co nhieu cach quy nh : Cargo to be loaded and to be discharged at the rate of 1,000MT per working day, weather permitting, Sundays and Holidays always excluded hoac ..included ( WWD SHEX hoac WWD SHIN ) Time from 17.00 hours Fridays or day before holiday until 08.00 AM Monday or day following holiday not to count unless used (UU) hoac even if used ( EIU ). 2.12 Cac ieu kien ve ph boc, d, san, xep hang * FIO ; FIOST * LIFO ; FILO * Liner terms hay berth terms IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 2.Nhng iem can lu y khi ky ket H VCHHQT theo chuyen: 2.13 ieu khoan gi hang * lien quan chat che vi viec thanh toan cc, tien phat *.8 Gencon: Owners shall have a lien on the cargo for freight , deadfreight, demurrage and detention 2.14 ieu khoan trong tai IV . H VCHHQT THEO CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 3. Ngha vu cua cac ben trong H VCHHQT theo chuyen. 3.1 Ngha vu cua Ngi van chuyen: 3.1.1 Cung cap tau . * ung theo quy nh trong H; * c thay the tau neu H co quy nh. (.98) 3.1.2 Ngha vu lien quan en hang hoa: ( 106) * Boc hang len tau : Khong phaingha vu ng nhien theo quy nh trong H. * San, xep hang trong ham tau : Khong phai ngha vu ng nhien Theo quy nh trong H. + Trong moi trng hp,Thuyen trng phai giam sat viec san, xep hang . * Bao quan, cham soc hang trong hanh trnh: La

ngha vu ng nhien cua Ngi van chuyen. * D hang tai cang en: la ngha vu cua Ngi van chuyen - Chi ph d hang theo H. IV . H VCHHQT THEO CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 3. Ngha vu cua cac ben trong H VCHHQT theo chuyen. 3.1 Ngha vu cua Ngi van chuyen: 3.1.3 Ngha vu lien quan en B/L. (.100) B/L cap theo C/P ma Ngi nam gi B/L khong phai Ngi thue van chuyen quyen va ngha vu gia Ngi van chuyen va Ngi nam gi B/L c ieu chnh theo cac ieu khoan cua B/L 3.1.4 Ngha vu lien quan en hanh trnh: (.108): * Tau phai i ung hanh trnh thng le. * Tau co quyen i trech ng hp ly. (.3 GENCON), 3.1.5 Ngha vu lien quan en chi ph quan tr, khai thac tau : * Ngi van chuyen chu. IV . H VCHHQT THEO CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 3. Ngha vu cua cac ben trong H VCHHQT theo chuyen. 3.2 Ngha vu cua ngi thue van chuyen : 3.2.1 Cung cap hang: * ung theo quy nh trong H; * Muon thay the hang khac phai thoa thuan va c Ngi van chuyen chap nhan (.105) 3.2.2 Ngha vu boc,d,san,xep hang trong ham tau: * Khong phai ngha vu ng nhien - -> Theo quy nh trong H. 3.1.3 Ngha vu tra tien cc: (.111) * La ngha vu ng nhien cua Ngi thue van chuyen. * Ngi van chuyen co quyen gi hang oi tien cc, cc khong, tien phat xep d. IV . H VCHHQT THEO CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 4/ Cham dt H van chuyen theo quy nh cua Bo Luat HH VN nam 2005 4.1 - Quyen cham dt H cua Ngi thue van chuyen: (.113) a/ Khi ngi van chuyen khong a tau en ni boc hang ung thi gian thoa thuan, cham tre trong viec boc hang hoac bat au chuyen i Ngi van chuyen co quyen yeu cau boi thng cac ton that phat sinh.

b/ Khi hang a xep xong ma cha bat au chuyen i hoac ang trong chuyen hanh trnh Ngi thue V/c co quyen yeu cau d hang va phai tra u tien cc va chi ph phat sinh. (.113.1). Ngi van chuyen co quyen t choi neu xet thay viec o (i) lam cham tre chuyen i hoac (ii) anh hng en quyen li cua nhng ngi lien quan. + Neu thue nguyen tau, Ngi thue v/c co quyen cham dt H trc khi bat au chuyen i, Ngi thue V/c ngoai viec tra moi chi ph phat sinh, tuy theo thi iem cham dt H, con phai tra tien cc theo nguyen tac: * Tra 50% tien cc v/c neu cham dt H trc khi bat au thi han boc hang; * Tra 100% tien cc neu cham dt H sau khi tnh thi han boc hang hoac sau khi tnh thi han doi nhat, neu H ch giao ket cho 01 chuyen. * Tra 100% tien cc v/c cua chuyen hang khi cham dt H trc khi bat au chuyen i cong them 50% tien cc cua tat ca cac chuyen hang tiep theo, neu H c giao ket cho nhieu chuyen. + Neu thue mot phan tau, neu cham dt H, Ngi thue van chuyen phai tra cac chi ph phat sinh, ong thi phai tra tien cc theo nguyen tac: * Tra 50% tien cc neu cham dt H sau thi han tap ket HH a thoa thuan; * Tra 100% tien cc neu cham dt H khi tau ang thc hien chuyen i. IV . H VCHHQT THEO CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 4/ Cham dt H van chuyen theo quy nh cua Bo Luat HH VN nam 2005 4.2 - Quyen cham dt H cua Ngi van chuyen: (.114) Ngi van chuyen co quyen cham dt H trc khi bat au chuyen i neu: * So hang hoa a boc len tau cha u theo H; * Tong gia tr cua HH a boc khong u cho tien cc va chi ph lien quan ma Ngi van chuyen phai chi cho HH; * Ngi thue van chuyen cha tra tien cc hoac co s bao am can thiet. Ngi thue van chuyen phai tra cac chi ph lien quan en viec d hang va 50% tien cc van chuyen. IV . H VCHHQT THEO CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo)

4/ Cham dt H van chuyen theo quy nh cua Bo Luat HH VN nam 2005 4.3 Cham dt H khong phai boi thng (.115) Cac ben tham gia H co quyen cham dt H ma khong phai boi thng , neu trc khi tau bat au ri khoi ni boc hang a xay ra cac s kien sau ay: * Chien tranh ; Cang nhan hang hoac cang tra hang c cong bo b phong toa. * Tau b bat gi hoac tam gi theo Q cua c quan nha nc co tham quyen makhong do loi cua cac ben tham gia H; * Tau b nha nc trng dung; * Co lenh cam van hang hoa ra khoa cang nhan hang hoac vao cang tra hang. Ben cham dt H phai chu chi ph d hang. Cac ben co the cham dt H neu cac s kien neu tren xay ra trong khi tau ang hanh trnh Ngi thue van chuyen phai tra cc c ly va chi ph d hang. IV . H VCHHQT THEO CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 4/ Cham dt H van chuyen theo quy nh cua Bo Luat HH VN nam 2005 4.4 H ng nhien cham dt (.116) H ng nhien b cham dt, khong ben nao phai boi thng thiet hai, neu sau khi H a giao ket va trc khi tau ri ni boc hang ma khong ben nao co loi trong cac trng hp sau ay: * Tau c ch nh trong H b chm am, mat tch, b cng oat; * Hang hoa ghi trong H b mat; * Tau c ch nh trong H c coi la h hong khong the sa cha c hoac viec sacha la khong kinh te. + Trong trng hp tau ang hanh trnh ma xay ra cac trng hp neu tren th Ngi van chuyen co quyen thu cc c ly; Neu ch co tau b ton that ma hang hoa c cu thoat hoac c hoan tra th Ngi van chuyen co quyen thu cc c ly oi vi so hang hoa o. IV . H VCHHQT BANG TAU CHUYEN (TRAMP ). ( Tiep theo) 5. Tau ch hang t bo hanh trnh va ngha vu cua cac ben 5.3 Hau qua cua viec tau t bo hanh trnh : - oi vi Ngi van chuyen: * Khong con ngha vu ch hang en cang ch;

* Neu cc a tra th khong phai tra lai ; neu cc cha tra th ch c thu theo c ly a van chuyen. - oi vi Ngi nhan hang : * Ngi au tien ganh chu hau qua cua viec t bo hanh trnh: ng chi tien cong cu ho , ong gop G/A , ph boc hang len tau chuyen tai, cc chuyen tai va cac chi ph khac sau ooi Ngi bao hiem boi thng ; HOAC * Yeu cau Ngi bao hiem giai quyet s viec ngay t au. - oi vi Ngi bao hiem hang: * Boi thng cho Ngi nhan hang moi chi ph phat sinh t tai nan, s co o, ke ca cac chi ph do tau t bo hanh trnh gay ra. NOTE : Ngn nhan hang co quyen chng minh viec tau tuyen bo t bo hanh trnh la bat hp phap. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 1. Khai niem, ac iem va li ch cua VT PT 1.1 Khai niem : VT PT la phng phap van tai trong o hang hoa c van chuyen bang t nhat hai phng thc van tai khac nhau, tren c s mot chng t van tai, mot che o trach nhiem va ch mot ngi chu trach nhiem ve hanh hoa trong suot hanh trnh van chuyen t mot a ien nhan hang e ch nc nay en mot a iem giao hang nc khac. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 1. Khai niem, ac iem va li ch cua VT PT 1.2 ac iem : * t nhat 2 phng thc VT tham gia; * Ch s dung mot chng t van tai; * Ch mot ngi (MTO) chu trach nhiem ve hang hoa; * MTO chu trach nhiem oi vi hang hoa theo mot che o trach nhiem: + Che o trach nhiem thong nhat (Uniform Liability System) HOAC +Che o trach nhiem tng chang ( Network Liability System) VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT)

1. Khai niem, ac iem va li ch cua VT PT (tiep theo) 1.3 Li ch cua VT PT * Giam chi ph van tai ; * Giam rui ro, ton that hang hoa ; * Rut ngan thi gian van chuyen do vay giam thi gian ong von ; * n gian hoa thu tuc, chng t ; * Ngi gi hang ch phai lien he vi mot ngi co trach nhiem , o la MTO. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 2- To chc VT PT : 2.1 C s phap ly cua VT PT : * UN Convention on the International Multimodal Transport of Goods , 1980. * UNCTAD / ICC Rules for Multimodal Transport Document (co hieu lc t 01/01/1992) VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 2- To chc VT PT :( tiep theo) 2.2 Ngi kinh doanh VT PT : 2.2.1 nh ngha: * Theo UN Convention : Ngi kinh doanh VT PT (MTO) la bat ky ngi nao, t mnh hay thong qua mot ngi khac, ky ket mot H VT PT va hoat ong nh mot ngi chu van tai (principal)va chu trach nhiem thc hien H VT PT. * Theo UNCTAD / ICC Rules : MTO la bat ky ngi nao ky ket mot H VT PT va chu trach nhiem thc hien H o nh mot ngi van chuyen VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 2- To chc VT PT :( tiep theo) 2.2 Ngi kinh doanh VT PT : 2.2.1 nh ngha: 2.2.2. Phan loai MTO : * MTO co tau bien ( Vessel Operating Multimodal Transport Operators - VO- MTOs ) * MTO khong co tau bien (Non-vessel Operating Multimodal

Operators NVO - MTOs) VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 3.Trach nhiem cua MTOs : 3.1 Pham vi trach nhiem. Theo UN Convention: MTO phai chu trach nhiem ve hang hoa ke t khi MTO a nhan hang e van chuyen cho en khi MTO a giao hang cho ngi nhan hang tai a iem quy nh. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 3.Trach nhiem cua MTOs : 3.2 C s trach nhiem : * Ton that HH hoac cham giao hang xay ra khi hang hoa con thuoc pham vi trach nhiem cua MTO. * Cham giao hang la hang khong c giao trong thi han a thoa thuan.Neu khong thoa thuan ve thi han giao hang th thi han o la mot khoang thi gian hp ly ma mot MTO can man co the giao hang. * Neu hang khong c giao trong vong 90 ngay lien tuc ke t ngay het thi han thoa thuan hoac trong mot thi gian hp ly noi tren th c coi nh hang hoa a mat. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 3.Trach nhiem cua MTOs :( tiep theo) 3.3 Gii han trach nhiem cua MTO: 3.3.1- Theo UN Convention : * 920 SDR per package or unit 2.75 SDR per KG * Cham giao hang : gii han trach nhiem la 2,5 lan tien cc cua so hang giao cham nhung khong vt qua tong so tien cc theo H VT PT. * Ton that xay ra tren chang nao bat buoc phai ap dung mot Cong c QT hoac luat quoc gia co quy nh gii han trach nhiem cao hn th gii han cao hn nay c ap dung. * MTO se mat quyen hng gii han trach nhiem neu ton that xay ra do hanh vi hay loi co y cua MTO nham gay ra ton that. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 3.Trach nhiem cua MTOs :( tiep theo) 3.3 Gii han trach nhiem cua MTO: 3.3.2- Theo UNCTAD / ICC Rules : * 666,67 SDR per package or

Unit HOAC 2 SDR per KG. - Gii han trach nhien trong UN convention va UNCTAD / ICC la che o trach nhiem thong nhat ( Uniform Liability System ). - UN Convention cha co hieu lc nen hien nay ap dung Uniform LiabilitySystem cua UNCTAD / ICC hoac Che o trach nhiem tng chang ( Network Liability System ). VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) 4- Thong bao ton that va khieu nai MTO. 4.1 Thong bao ton that: - Ton that ro ret : Ngi nhan hang phai thong bao bang van ban cho MTO muon hn 01 ngay lam viec ke t ngay hang c giao cho ngi nhan hang. - Ton that khong ro ret: Thong bao cho MTO trong vong 06 ngay lien tuc ke t ngay giao hang. - Trng hp cham giao hang: Thong bao cho MTO trong vong 60 ngay lien tuc ke t ngay hang c giao cho ngi nhan hang hoac t ngay ngi nhan hang nhan c thong bao la hang a c giao. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC (VT PT) 4- Thong bao ton that va khieu nai MTO. 4.2 Khieu nai MTO: - Theo UN Convention :+thi han khieu nai la 6 thang; + thi hieu to tung la 02 nam ke t ngay giao hang. (. 25). - Theo UNCTAD / ICC Rules: +Thi hieu to tung la 9 thang ke t ngay giao hang. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC ( VT PT) (tiep theo) 5. Chng t VT PT. 5.1 nh ngha : Chng t VT PT la mot chng t chng minh cho mot H VT PT, cho viec nhan hang e van chuyen va cho viec cam ket cua MTO giao hang phu hp vi cac ieu kien, ieu khoan cua H. VH VCHHQT BANG VAN TAI A PHNG THC (VT PT) 5. Chng t VT PT. 5.2 Viec cap va hnh thc cua CT VT PT: * MTO hoac ngi c MTO uy quyen cap CT VT PT cho

Ngi giao hang. * CT VT PT co the chuyen nhng c (Negotiable) hoac khong giao dch c (non-negotiable) . 5.3 Cac CT VT PT thng dung: * FIATA Negotiable Multimodal Transport B/L ( FB/L); * COMBIDOC. * MULTIDOC. VH VAN TAI A PHNG THC THEO BO LUAT HANG HAI VN 2005 (tiep theo) . 120 Trach nhiem cua ngi kinh doanh VTPT 1. Ngi KD VTPT phai chu trach nhiem oi vi hang hoa theo H VTPT t thi iem nhan hang cho en khi tra hang. 2. Ngi KD VTPT co the ky cac H rieng vi nhng ngi van chuyen cua tng phng thc van tai, trong o xac nh trach nhiem cua tng ben tham gia oi vi phng thc van tai. Cac H rieng nay khong anh hng en trach nhiem cua ngi KD VTPT. VH VAN TAI A PHNG THC THEO BO LUAT HANG HAI VN 2005 (tiep theo) .121 Gii han trach nhiem cua ngi KD VTPT 1. Ton that xay ra mot PT VT nao cac quy nh cua phap luat tng ng ieu chnh PT VT o cua VTPT c ap dung oi vi trach nhiem va gii han trach nhiem cua ngi KD VTPT. 2. Khong xac nh c ton that xay ra PT VT nao - ngi VTPT phai chu trach nhiem boi thng theo quy nh ve mien trach va gii han trach nhiem theo . 78 va .79 cua Bo luat nay. VH VAN TAI A PHNG THC THEO BO LUAT HANG HAI VN 2005 (tiep theo) * Gii thieu:+ N125/N-CP 29/10/03 ve VTPT QT. + TT10/2004/TT-BGTVT 23/6/04 HD thc hien N125?N-CP ve VTPT QT. + TT125/2004/TT-BTC 24/12/04 cua BTC ve thu tuc HQ oi vi HH VTPT QT. * Gii thieu: ASEAN Framework Agreement on MT signed at Vientian 17 November 2005.

THE END

VN N NG BIEN ( B / L)

I/ KHAI NIEM , CHC NANG CUA VAN N 1/ Khai niem: Van n ng bien (VB) la chng t chuyen ch hang hoa ng bien do Ngi van chuyen hoac ai dien cua Ngi van chuyen cap cho Ngi giao hang sau khi nhan hang e xep hoac sau khi hang hoa a c xep len tau xac nhan rang Ngi van chuyen a nhan hang nh ghi tren van n e van chuyen , chu trach nhiem van chuyen en cang ch va giao hang cho Ngi nhan hang. 73.2 Bo Luat HH VN : B/L la chng t van chuyen lam bang chng ve viec ngi van chuyen a nhan hang hoa vi so lng, chung loai, tnh trang nh c ghi trong B/L e van chuyen en ni tra hang; bang chng ve s hu hang hoa dung e nh oat, nhan hang va la bang chng cua hp ong van chuyen hang hoa bang ng bien. 2/ Chc nang cua VB (B/L): + La bang chng xac nhan mot H VCHH bang ng bien a c ky ket ; + La bien lai nhan hang do Ngi van chuyen cap cho Ngi giao hang; + La chng t xac nhan quyen s hu hang hoa ghi tren V 3/ Nhan biet cac loai VB: Viec nhan biet cac loai VB va y ngha cua no trong buon ban quoc te la van e het sc quan trong oi vi nhng ngi s dung V. Co the co cac tieu ch sau ay e nhan biet cac loai

VB: - Can c vao tnh trang boc xep hang: + V nhan hang e xep ( received for shipment B/L) + V hang a xep ( shipped B/L) - Can c vao ghi chu cua Thuyen trng tren V : + V hoan hao ( clean B/L ) + V khong hoan hao ( unclean B/L ) 3/ Nhan biet cac loai VB ( tiep theo ) - Can c vao quyen chuyen nhng , s hu HH tren V: + V ch danh ( straight B/L ) + V theo lenh ( to order B/L ) - KY HAU -Can c vao phng thc thue tau : + V tau ch ( Liner B/L ) + V tau chuyen ( C/P B/L - Congenbill ) 3/ Nhan biet cac loai VB ( tiep theo ) - Can c vao hanh trnh chuyen ch: + V i thang ( Direct B/L ) + V ch suot ( through B/L ) + V van tai lien hp ( combined transport B/L ) -Can c vao gia tr s dung va kha nang lu thong : + V goc ( original B/L OB/L ) + V copy ( copy B/L ) 3/ Nhan biet cac loai VB ( tiep theo ) Ngoai ra , trong thc te con co : + V rut gon ( short- form B/L ) + V Hai quan ( Customs B/L )

+ V cua Ngi giao nhan ( Forwarders B/L ) + SEAWAYBILL : * Nguyen nhan ra i * Noi dung cua Seawaybill * Khac nhau gia B/L va SEAWAYBILL 4/ Ai co quyen cap VB: - Mot so hnh thc phat hanh VB thng gap: + Chu s hu tau ( shipowner ) dung tau van chuyen hang va phat hanh VB theo mau cua mnh. + ai ly chu tau cap VB cua mnh cho nhng lo hang ch tren tau cua chu tau. +Ngi cho thue tau nh han (shipowners) hoac ngi thue nh han ( time- charterers)dung mau VB cua mnh cap cho ngi giao hang. +Ngi thue tau tran (bareboat charterers) cap VB theo mau cua mnh cho ngi giao hang. + Hang tau ( ngi van chuyen) nay cho hang tau (ngi van chuyen) khac mn VB cua mnh e s dung . 4/ Ai co quyen cap VB ( tiep theo ) - Ai co quyen cap VB: + Ngi chuyen ch (chu tau , chu tau danh ngha, ngi khai thac tau) + Thuyen trng. + ai ly cua ngi van chuyen. 5/ Khi nao th cap VB : - Sau khi hang a c boc len tau ( Shipped B/L ) - Sau khi nhan hang e boc len tau , e van chuyen. (received for shipment B/L) 6/ Giai quyet van e hang en cang d hang trc khi Ngi nhan hang co OB/L e nhan hang: -> Xuat trnh OB/L cho ai ly tau tai cang boc hang; (Surrendered) 7/ V cc a tra: Khi ky V cc a tra ( Freight prepaid B/L ) -> ai ly ch giao B/L cho ngi giao hang khi co xac nhan cua Ngi van chuyen la a nhan u tien cc; ->Ngi van chuyen khong c cam gi hang e oi tien cc. 8.2 Noi dung mat sau cua V:

La cac ieu kien van chuyen do Ngi VC quy nh va in san , nhn chung thng co: *Cac khai niem. *Trach nhiem cua Ngi VC. *Mien trach cua Ngi VC. *Xep d va giao hang. *Cc ph va phu ph. *ieu khoan ve cam gi hang. *ieu khoan ve cham giao hang. *ieu khoan ve Ton that chung. *ieu khoan ve chien tranh / nh cong. *Xep hang tren boong va xuc vat song. *Hang ac biet, hang nguy hiem. Lu y: *Cac khai niem . * ieu khoan toi thng.*Tai phan. *Thong bao ton that. *Thi hieu to tung. *Mien trach cua Ngi VC. * Cc ph va phu ph. 9/ S dung VB trong thng mai quoc te. 9.1 S dung VB trong giao nhan van chuyen hang hoa: +Trong giao hang XUAT:*Giao hang lay clean B/L. * Cac ghi chu cua Thuyen trng *Th bao am (neu co) +Trong nhan hang NHAP:*Ngi VC/ai ly phai thu hoi OB/L * Ngi nhan hang phai lam th d khang (khi can). * Chu y chong d khang cua Thuyen trng. +VB trong viec xac nh trach nhiem cua Ngi VC: * Xac nh Ngi VC:Chu tau ; Ngi thue nh han kinh doanh VC; Ngi thue tau tran. *Xac nh trach nhiem cua Ngi VC: Ngi VC ky phat V; Ngi VC mn mau V cua chu tau; Ngi VC mn mau V cua Ngi VC khac; ai ly ky phat mau V cua Ngi VC; ai ly ky phat mau V cua chnh mnh. 9/ S dung VB trong thng mai quoc te. (tiep theo) 9.2-Trong thanh toan, mot V hp le phai la V co noi dung phu hp vi H mua ban va ap ng yeu cau cua L/C. -Nhng sai sot thng gap khi lap va kiem tra V:

*Ghi consigneekhong ung ; *Ngi giao hang khong biet ky hau ; *Ghi sai cang boc hang, cang d, cang chuyen tai..; *Ghi thieu noi dung tren V; *Ngay phat hanh V khong phu hp vi H va L/C; *Khong lap u V goc theo yeu cau cua L/C; * V lap mau thuan vi cac chng t khac trong bo chng t ; * Ch ky cua ngi phat hanh V.

9/ S dung VB trong thng mai quoc te. (tiep theo) 9.3 V trong viec chuyen nhng s HH ghi tren V: * V ch danh (straight B/L) :Chuyen nhng phai tuan thu theo luat phap hay tap quan ni dien ra hanh ong chuyen nhng. * V vo danh ( B/L to bearer): co kha nang lu thong rat cao v ai nam gi B/L eu co the yeu cau Ngi VC giao hang cho minh. *V theo lenh ( to order B/L):-Ky hau(endorse)(P.110/156) 9/ S dung VB trong thng mai quoc te. (tiep theo) 9.4 Trong viec hoan thanh thu tuc hai quan: -VB la chng t quan trong trong viec hoan thanh thu tuc Hai quan cho hang hoa XNK. -Cac bc thu tuc hai quan: * Tiep nhan ho s * Kiem tra hang hoa * Tnh thue HH XNK eu gan vi cac thong tin tren B/L Lu y:*Shipper/consignee/notify party phai phu hp vi giay phep XK/NK va cac chng t khac. *Khoi lng, the tch hang lien quan en thue XK/NK. *Cang xep/d lien quan en xuat x thue XK/NK. *Hang thuoc au t nc ngoai chnh sach u ai. 9/ S dung VB trong thng mai quoc te. (tiep theo) 9.5 Trong khieu nai , kien tung: + Khieu nai / kien Ngi ban.

+ Khieu nai / kien Ngi van chuyen. + Khieu nai / kien Ngi bao hiem. 10/ Ve thay oi VB goc: Trong giao dich van chuyen hang hoa quoc te bang ng bien, co khi Ngi thue yeu cau Ngi van chuyen phai ong y thay oi bo VB a phat hanh tai cang xep hang bang mot bo VB mi, co sa oi mot vai chi tiet. switch B/L (S/B) + S/B a c s dung kha pho bien tren th trng thue tau the gii. + Theo luat phap hang hai, Ngi VC chap nhan S/B th phai chu trach nhiem ve nhng thay oi o. + Mot so dang S/B thng gap : * Thay oi cang xep/ cang d. * Thay oi so lng hang. * Thay oi ten Ngi giao hang. * Thay oi ngay ky B/L. II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: CAC CONG C QUOC TE: 1/ Cong c quoc te thong nhat mot so quy tac ve VB (International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law relating to Bill of Lading Brussels 1924 or HAGUE RULES ) 2/ Hague Rules + Protocol 1968 HAGUE - VISBY + Protocol 1979. 3/Cong c cua LHQ ve chuyen ch hang hoa bang ng bien . (United Nations Conference on the Carriage of goods by sea - Hamburg Rules ) LUAT QUOC GIA: Viet Nam co Bo Luat hang hai Viet Nam 2005.

II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) A/ Trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen theo Hague

Rules - C s trach nhiem: + Trach nhiem chnh :* Cung cap tau co u kha nang i bien (.3 K.1) * Trach nhiem ve H/hoa ( .3 K.2) + 17 trng hp mien trach cho Ngi van chuyen. (.4) - Pham vi trach nhiem: tackle to tackle . - Gii han trach nhiem:* Co ke khai tnh chat va gia tr. * khong ke khai tnh chat va ga tr. theo Hague Rules theo Hague Visby theo Protocol 1979 II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) B/ Trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen theo Hamburg Rules -C s trach nhiem:+ Ngi van chuyen chu trach nhiem: *h/hoa b mat mat,h hong hay cham giao hang khi h/h ang thuoc trach nhiem cua Ngivanchuyen, tr khi Ngi v/chuyen chng minh c ban than mnh, ngi lam cong hay ai ly cua mnh a ap dung moi bien phap hp ly,can thiet e tranh s co o va hau qua cua no. * ton that hoac cham giao hang do chay ma do loi hay s suat cua ngi van chuyen. * ton that hoac cham giao hang do Ngi van chuyen gay ra trong khi thc hien moi bien phap hp ly, can thiet e han che hau qua cua chay. II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) B/ Trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen theo Hamburg Rules + Cac trng hp mien trach cua Ngi van chuyen: * Ngi V/C chng minh c .( .5 K.1) * Mien trach cua Ngi v/chuyen oi vi suc vat song. ( D.5 K.1 ) * Ton that xay ra do thi hanh nhng bien phap nham cu sinh mang hay nhng bien phap hp ly nham cu tai san tren bien . ( .5 k.6 ) -Pham vi trach nhiem cua Ngi v/chuyen: + gom khoang thi gian Ngi v/chuyen chu trach nhiem ve hang hoa cang xep qua trnh v/chuyen cang d. - Gii han trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen :

+ 835 SDR cho moi kien hoac n v chuyen ch, hoac + 2,5 SDR cho moi kilogram trong lng ca b; + 2,5 lan tien cc phai tra cho so hang giao cham. II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) C/Trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen theo Bo Luat Hang hai VN- 2005 (co hieu lc t 01/01/2006) - Trach nhiem: * Cung cap tau co u kha nang i bien, (.75) * Trach nhiem oi vi H/Hoa. (.75.2,76) * Cac trng hp mien trach (.78) - Pham vi trach nhiem: T khi nhan boc len tau cho en khi giao hang cho Ngi nhan hang. (74) -Gii han trach nhiem cua Ngi v/chuyen (79) * 666,67 SDR cho mot kien hoac mot n v HH,hoac 2 SDR cho mot Kilogram trong lng ca b. Tuy theo cach tnh nao cao hn.

II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung: + Hague rules : cho moi B/L phat hanh tai nc T/Vien C/. +Hague Visby:cho moi B/L lien quan en viec v/c HH gia cac cang cua hai nc khac nhau, neu: * B/L c cap nc tham gia C/; *hang c v/c t cang cua nc tham giaC/ *H/ hay B/L dan chieu ti quy tac, C/ hoac luat quoc gia cho phep ap dung. +Quy tac Hamburg: ap dung oi vi moi H V/C HH gia 2 quoc gia, neu: * Cang boc hang mot nc tham gia C/; * Cang d hang mot nc tham gia C/; * Mot trong cac cang la chon, la cang d thc te, mot nc tham gia C/; * B/L hay chng t lam bang chng cho H c cap mot nc tham gia C/; *B/L dan chieu en C/ hoac luat quoc gia cho ap dungC/. II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo)

SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung: +Quy tac Hamburg: ap dung oi vi moi H V/C HH gia 2 quoc gia, neu: * Cang boc hang mot nc tham gia C/; * Cang d hang mot nc tham gia C/; * Mot trong cac cang la chon, la cang d thc te, mot nc tham gia C/; * B/L hay chng t lam bang chng cho H c cap mot nc tham gia C/; *B/L dan chieu en C/ hoac luat quoc gia cho ap dung C/. + Bo Luat HH VN: .1 , 2 II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung: 2/Hang hoa ma cac nguon luat nay ieu chnh: + Hague-Visby: moi loai HH , tr suc vat song va hang khai la ch tren boong va thc te ch tren boong. + Hamburg Rules: * Gom ca suc vat song; va * Gom ca cong cu V/tai hay bao goi do Ngi gi hang cung cap trong trng hp hang c ong trong container, pallet hoac cong cu v/tai tng t hoac khi HH c bao goi. + Bo Luat HH VN: nh Hague Visby. (70.2) II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung: 2/Hang hoa ma cac nguon luat nay ieu chnh: 3/ Thi han trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen: + Hague-Visby: Tackle to tackle. + Hamburg Rules: T khi Ngi van chuyen a chu trach nhiem ve HH cang boc hang , trong qua trnh van chuyen va cang d hang. + Bo Luat HH VN: T khi Ngi van chuyen nhanhang tai cang nhan hang, c duy tr trong suot qua trnh van chuyen va cham dt khi ket thuc viec tra hang tai

cang tra hang. (74.1) II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung; 2/ Hang hoa ma cac nguon luat nay ieu chnh; 3/ Thi han trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen; 4/ C s trach nhiem cua Ngi van chuyen: + Hague-Visby: * Ngi V/C phai can man mot cach hp ly e cung cap tau co u kha nang i bien. * Trach nhiem phat sinh t loi hay s suat ngi khieu nai phai chng minh Ngi V/C co loi. * Loi ieu khien hay quan tr tau. .+ Hamburg Rules: * Ngi V/c chu trach nhiem ve ton that HH xay ra khi HH ang trong thi han trach nhiem cua Ngi V/c. * Chu trach nhiem ve giao hang cham. * c mien trach khi chng minh ban than mnh, ngi lam cong hay ai ly cua mnh khong co loi. + Bo Luat HH VN: ( Nh Hague- Visby 75.1) II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung; 2/ Hang hoa ma cac nguon luat nay ieu chnh; 3/ Thi han trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C; 4/ C s trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C; 5/ Gii han trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C: + Hague: L100 mot n v hang hoa hoac mot kien . + Hague-Visby:Frcs:10.000 mot n v HH hay mot kien,hoac Frcs:30 mot kilogram trong lng ca b. *Protocol 1979:SDR666,67 mot n v HH hay mot kien,hoac SDR 2 mot kilogram trong lng ca b. + Hamburg Rules: SDR835 mot n v HH hay mot kien,hoac SDR2,5 mot kilogram trong lng ca b. 2,5 lan tien cc so hang gia cham. + Bo Luat HH VN: Nh Protocol 1979. II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung; 2/ Hang hoa ma cac nguon luat nay ieu chnh; 3/ Thi han trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C;

4/ 5/ 6/ 7/

C s trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C; Gii han trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C; Thong bao ton that: Thi hieu to tung:

+Hague :1 nam +Hague-Visby: :1 nam; co the thoa thuan keo dai nhng khong qua 15 thang. + Hamburg Rules: 2 nam. + Bo Luat HH VN: 1 nam ke t ngay tra hang hoac le ra phai tra hang cho ngi nhan hang. (97) II/ NGUON LUAT IEU CHNH VB: ( tiep theo) SO SANH GIA 3 NGUON LUAT: 1/ Pham vi ap dung; 2/ Hang hoa ma cac nguon luat nay ieu chnh; 3/ Thi han trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C; 4/ C s trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C; 5/ Gii han trach nhiem cua Ngi V/C; 6/ Thong bao ton that: +Hague , Hague-Visby:*Giam nh lien tch. *Thong bao trong vong 3 ngay. + Hamburg Rules: *khong muon hn ngay lam viec sau ngay giao hang cho ngi nhan hang; * 15 ngay sau ngay giao hang; *cham giao hang phai thong bao trong vong 60 ngay sau ngay giao hang. + Bo Luat HH VN: Nh Hague / Hague Visby (.96.2) 8/ Noi dung cua VB 8.1 Cac noi dung mat trc cua VB: a/ Thong tin lien quan ti cac ben: *Ngi ky phat V. *Ngi nhan hang. *Ben c thong bao. b/Thong tin ve chnh t V:* Tieu e cua V. * Tnh chat cua V. * so ban V goc phat hanh. * ngay va ni phat hanh V. c/ Thong tin ve tau van chuyen va hanh trnh: * Ten tau / so hieu chuyen. * Cang xep/d/ chuyen tai ; ni nhan/ giao hang. d/ Thong tin ve viec boc xep hang hoa: * Shipped on board / Received for shipment. e/ Thong tin ve cc ph : Prepaid / To collect. f/ Thong tin ve hang hoa:* Mo ta HH .

* So lng/trong lng/ khoi lng. g/ D khang cua Thuyen trng ( neu co) . B/L theo Bo luat Hang hai Viet Nam 2005 T 86 - 91

NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HNG HI VIT NAM 2005 I/ TNG QUAN V BLHH VN 2005 - c QH kha XI, k hp th 7 thng qua ngy 14/6/2005, c hiu lc t ngy 01/01/2006. - BLHH VN2005 + cc vn bn di lut c ban hnh + Cc ngun lut khc trong h thng phn lut VN + cc iu c quc t m VN tham gia hoc cho php p dng To thnh khung php l cho cc hot ng hng hi VN. - BLHH VN 2005 chia thnh 18 Chng vi 261 iu. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 1/ Chng I: NHNG QUY NH CHUNG (.1 -> .10) 1.1 Phm vi iu chnh. + B lut ny quy nh v hot ng hng hi bao gm cc quy nh v: tu bin, thuyn b; cng bin; lung hng hi; vn ti bin; an ton hng hi; an ninh hng hi; phng nga nhim mi trng v cc hot ng khc lin quan n s dng tu bin vo mc ch KT,VH,XH, th thao, cng v v nghin cu KH. i vi tu qun s, tu c, phng tin thy ni a, thy phi c, cng qun s, cng c v cng, bn thy ni a ch p dng khi c quy nh c th ca B lut ny + Trng hp c s khc nhau gia quy nh ca B lut ny vi quy nh ca lut khc v cng mt ni dung lin quan n hot ng HH th p dng quy nh ca B lut ny. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 1/ Chng I: NHNG QUY NH CHUNG (.1 -> .10) (tip theo) 1.2 i tng p dng

+ p dng i vi t chc, c nhn VN v t chc, c nhn nc ngoi lin quan n hot ng HH ti VN. + Trong trng hp iu c QT m CH XHCN VN l thnh vin c quy nh khc vi quy nh ca B lut ny th p dng quy nh ca iu c QT . 1.3 Nguyn tc p dng php lut khi c xung t php lut. + Trng hp php lut lin quan n quyn s hu ti sn trn tu, H thu tu, H thu thuyn vin, H v/c hnh khch v hnh l, chia tin cng cu h gia ch tu cu h v thuyn b ca tu cu h, trc vt ti sn chm m trn bin c, cc s vic xy ra trn tu bin khi tu ang trn bin c p dng php lut ca quc gia m tu bin mang c quc tch. + Trng hp quan h php lut lin quan n Tn tht chung (G/A) p dng php lut ni tu bin gh vo ngay sau khi xy ra Tn tht chung. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 1/ Chng I: NHNG QUY NH CHUNG (.1 -> .10) (tip theo) 1.3 Nguyn tc p dng php lut khi c xung t php lut. (tip theo) + Trng hp quan h php lut lin quan n: tai nn m va, tin cng cu h, trc vt ti sn chm m xy ra ti ni thy hoc lnh hi ca quc gia no p dng lut ca quc gia . * Trng hp quan h php lut lin quan n tai nan m va hoc cu h xy ra bin c p dng php lut ca quc gia m Trng ti hoc Ta n ca quc gia u tin th l gii quyt tranh chp. * Trng hp tai nan m va xy ra bin c hoc trong ni thy, lnh hi ca quc gia khc gia cc tu bin c cng quc tch p dng php lut ca quc gia m tu bin mang c quc tch. + Trng hp quan h php lut lin quan n hp ng vn chuyn hng ha p dng php lut ca quc gia ni hng ha c tr theo hp ng.

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA

BLHH VN 2005 1/ Chng I: NHNG QUY NH CHUNG (.1 -> .10) (tip theo) 1.4 Quyn tha thun trong hp ng. + Cc bn ca H lin quan n hot ng HH c quyn tha thun ring, nu B lut ny khng hn ch. + Hot ng HH c yu t nc ngoi cc bn c quyn tha thun p dng lut nc ngoi hoc tp qun HH quc t trong cc quan h H v chn Trng ti, Ta n mt trong hai nc hoc nc th ba gii quyt tranh chp. + Trong trng hp B lut ny c quy nh hoc cc bn c tha thun Lut nc ngoi c th c p dng ti VN, nu lut khng tri vi cc nguyn tc c bn ca php lut VN. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 1/ Chng I: NHNG QUY NH CHUNG (.1 -> .10) (tip theo) 1.4 Quyn tha thun trong hp ng. + Cc bn ca H lin quan n hot ng HH c quyn tha thun ring, nu B lut ny khng hn ch. + Hot ng HH c yu t nc ngoi cc bn c quyn tha thun p dng lut nc ngoi hoc tp qun HH quc t trong cc quan h H v chn Trng ti, Ta n mt trong hai nc hoc nc th ba gii quyt tranh chp. + Trong trng hp B lut ny c quy nh hoc cc bn c tha thun Lut nc ngoi c th c p dng ti VN, nu lut khng tri vi cc nguyn tc c bn ca php lut VN. Ngoi ra, Chng ny cn quy nh cc vn : nguyn tc hot ng HH ,chnh sch pht trin HH, quyn vn ti ni a,trch nhim qun l nh nc v HH, thanh tra HH, cc hnh vi bi nghim cm trong hot ng HH. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA

BLHH VN 2005 2. Chng II: TU BIN.(.11 -> .44) 2.1 Nhng quy nh chung. + Tu bin l tu hoc cu trc ni di ng khc chuyn dng hoaatj ng trn bin. (tu bin quy nh trong b lut ny khng bao gm tu qun s, tu cng v v tu c). + Tu bin Vit Nam l tu bin c ng k trong S ng k tu bin quc gia VN ; Tu bin VN c quyn v ngha v mang c quc tich VN. 2.2 ng k tu bin. (.14 .22) iu khon ny quy nh v: nguyn tc ng k tu bin (.14), cc loi tu phi ng k (.15), iu kin ng k tu bin VN (.16), trch nhim ca ch tu v ng k tu bin VN (.17), ni dung c bn ca S ng k tu bin quc gia VN (. 19), xa ng k tu bin VN (.20).

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 2. Chng II: TU BIN.(.11 -> .44) (tip theo) 2.3 ng k tu bin Vit Nam (.23.25) + Tu bin Vit Nam phi c t chc ng kim VN hoc ng kim nc ngoi c B trng B GTVT y quyn kim tra, phn cp, cp cc giy chng nhn k thut v an ton HH, an ninh HH v phng nga nhim mi trng theo quy nh ca php lut VN v iu c QT m VN l thnh vin. + Tu bin trong qu trnh hot ng phi chu s kim tra nh k ca t chc ng kim v cht lng v an ton k thut.

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 2. Chng II: TU BIN (.11 .44) (tip theo)

2.4 Giy chng nhn v ti liu ca tu bin (.26 .27) + Tu bin phi c giy chng nhn ng k tu bin, chng nhn v an ton HH, an ninh HH v phng nga nhim mi trng theo quy nh ca php lut VN va iu c QT m VN la thnh vin. + Cc giy chng nhn ny phi ghi r thi hn hiu lc. + Trong trng hp c cn c cho rng khng m bo an ton HH, an ninh HH v phng nga nhim mi trng, Thanh tra HH, Cng v HH c quyn tm nh ch hot ng ca tu bin, t mnh hoc yu cu t chc ng kieemrVN kim tra k thut ca tu bin.

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 2. Chng II: TU BIN (.11 .44) (tip theo) 2.5 An ton HH, an ninh HH v phng nga nhim mi trng (.28.31) + Nhng ni dung chnh ca mc ny gm:bo m an ton HH, an ninh HH v phng nga nhim mi trng; thanh tra, kim tra v an ton HH, an ninh HH v phng nga nhim mi trng; tim kim v cu nn HH; iu tra tai nn HH. +Tu bin VN ch c s dng vo mc ch ng k trong S ng k(.28) + Tu bin khi hot ng trong vng nc cng bin v vng bin VN phi chp hnh quy nh ca php lut Vn v iu c QT m VN l thnh vin v an ton HH, an ninh HH v phng chng nhim mi trng (.28.2); tu chuyn dng v/c du m, ch phm t du m hoc cc hng ha nguy him khc bt buc phi c bo him trch nhim dn s ca ch tu v nhim mi trng (.28.5). + Tu binkhi pht hin hay nhn c tn hiu cp cu ca ngi hoc tu khc gp nn trn bin, vng nc cng bin, nu iu kin thc t cho php v khng gy nguy him nghim trng cho tu v nhng ngi ang trn tu ca mnh th phi bng mi cch tin hnh cu gip ngi gp nn, k c vic phi i chch khi hnh trnh nh v phi kp thi thng bo cho t chc, c nhn lin quan bit (.30.2). II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 2. Chng II: TU BIN (.11 .44) (tip theo)

2.6 Quyn cm gi HH. + Quyn cm gi HH l quyn ca ngi c khiu ni HH quy nh ti .37 ca B lut ny c u tin trong vic i bi thng i vi ch tu, ngi thu tu, ngi khai thc tu m tu bin lm pht sinh khiu ni HH. Khiu ni HH l vic mt bn yu cu bn kia thc hin ngha v pht sinh lin quan n hot ng HH.(.36.1) + Quyn cm gi HH c thc hin thng qua Ta n c thm quyn bng Quyt nh bt gi tu bin. (.36.3) + Khiu ni HH lm pht sinh quyn cm gi HH. (.37) + Thi hiu quyn cm gi HH l 01 nm, k t thi im pht sinh quyn cm gi HH (.39.1); cch xc nh thi im pht sinh quyn cm gi HH (.39.2); Quyn cm gi HH chm dt (.39.3); Trng hp Ta n khng th thc hin vic bt gi tu bin trong phm vi ni thy, lnh hai VN(.39.4) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 2. Chng II: TU BIN (.11 .44) (tip theo) 2.7 Bt gi tu bin + Bt gi tu bin l vic khng cho php tu bin di chuyn hoc hn ch di chuyn tu bin bng Quyt nh ca Ta n bo m gii quyt khiu ni HH quy nh ti .41 ca B lut ny, nhng khng bao gm vic bt gi tu bin thi hnh bn n, quyt nh ca Ta n hoc quyt inh cng ch khc ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. (.40.1) + Cc khiu ni HH lm pht sinh quyn bt gi tu bin. (.41) + Thc hin quyn bt gi tu bin. (.42). + Th tu bin sau khi b bt gi. (.44) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA BLHH VN 2005 3. Chng IV: CNG BIN 3.1 Cng bin l khu vc bao gm vng t cng v vng nc cng, c xy dng kt cu h tng v lp t trang thit b cho tu bin ra, vo hot ng bc d hng ha, n tr hnh khch v thc hin cc dch v khc. + Vng t cng ? Vng nc cng ? + Bn cng bao gm cu cng, kho, bi, nh xng, tr s, c s

dch v,h thng thng tin lin lc, in, nc, lung vo bn cng v cc cng trnh ph tr khc. + Cu cng l kt cu c nh thuc bn cng, c s dng cho tu bin neo u, bc d hng, n tr hnh khch v thc hin cc dch v khc. (.59.1) 3.2 Chc nng ca cng bin: + Bo m an ton cho tu bin ra,vao hot ng; + Cung cp phng tin v thit b cho tu neo u, lm hng v n, tr khch; + Cung cp dich v v/chuyn, bc d, lu kho bi v bo qun hng ha trong cng. (.61) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA 3. Chng IV: CNG BIN (tip theo) 3.3 Cng v HH + Cng v HH l c quan thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v HH ti cng bin v vng nc cng bin; Gim c Cng v HH l ngi ch huy cao nht ca Cng v HH. (.66) + 11 nhim v, quyn hn ca Gim c Cng v HH (.67) trong c quyn tm gi tu bin. + Tm gi tu bin c thc hin trong cc trng hp sau: - Khng c cc iu kin v an ton HH, an ninh HH v phng nga nhim mi trng; - ang trong qu trnh iu tra tai nan HH; - Cha thanh ton xong cc khon ph, l ph HH; - Cha tr tin pht vi phm hnh chnh theo quy nh ca php lut; - Cc trng hp khc theo quy nh ca php lut. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 4. Chng V: Hp ng vn chuyn hng ha bng ng bin. 4.1 Cc quy nh chung + Hp ng vn chuyn hng ha bng ng bin l H c giao kt gia ngi v/chuyn v ngi thu v/chuyn, theo ngi v/chuyn thu tin cc do ngwoif thu v/chuyn tr v dng tu bin vn chuyn hng ha t cng nhn hng n cng tr hng. (.70.1) + Hng ha. (.70.2)

4.2 Cc loi H v/chuyn hng ha bng ng bin (.71): + Hp ng v/chuyn theo chng t v/chuyn l H v/chuyn hng ha bng ng bin c giao kt vi iu kin ngi v/chuyn khng phi dnh cho ngi thu v/chuyn nguyn tu hoc mt phn tu c th m ch cn c vo chng loi, s lng, kch thc hoc trng lng ca hng ha v/chuyn. + Hp ng v/chuyn theo chuyn: ngi v/chuyn dnh cho ngi thu v/chuyn nguyn tu hoc mt phn tu c th v/chuyn hng ha theo chuyn. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 4. Chng V: Hp ng vn chuyn hng ha bng ng bin. 4.3 Cc bn lin quan n H v/chuyn hng ha bng ng bin + Ngi thu v/chuyn l ngi t mnh hoc y quyn cho ngi khc giao kt H v/chuyn hng ha bng ng bin vi ngi v/chuyn; + Ngi v/chuyn l ngi t mnh hoc y quyn cho ngi khc giao kt H v/chuyn hng ha bng ng bin vi ngi thu v/chuyn; +Ngi v/chuyn thc t l ngi c ngi v/chuyn y thc thc hin ton b hoc mt phn vic v/chuyn hng ha bng ng bin; + Ngi giao hng l ngi t mnh hoc c ngi khc y thc giao hng cho ngi v/chuyn theo H v/chuyn hng ha bng ng bin; + Ngi nhn hng l ngi c quyn nhn hng theo quy nh ti iu 89 v iu 110 ca B lut ny. (.72) 4.4 Chng t vn chuyn (.74): + Vn n (B/L Bill of Lading); + Vn n sut ng bin; + Giy gi hng ng bin (Seaway Bill); + Chng t vn chuyn khc. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 4. Chng V: Hp ng vn chuyn hng ha bng ng bin. 4.5 HP NG VN CHUYN HNG HA THEO CHNG T VN CHUYN (.74 .96) (c mt bi ring). 4.6 HP NG VN CHUYN HNG HA THEO CHUYN (.98 .118) (c mt bi ring). 4.7 HP NG VN TI A PHNG THC (.119 .122) ) (c mt bi

ring).

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 5. Chng VII: HP NG THU TU 5.1 Quy nh chung + Hp ng thu tu l H c giao kt gia ch tu v ngi thu tu theo ch tu giao quyn s dng tu bin ca mnh cho ngi thu tu trong mt thi gian nht nh vi mc ch c th c tha thun trong H v nhn tin thu tu do ngi thu tr. (.138) + Hnh thc H: Hp ng thu tu nh hn hoc hp ng thu tu trn. + Nu c tha thun trong H th ngi thu tu c th cho ngi th 3 thu li tu(sublet) nhng vn c ngha v thc hin H giao kt vi ch tu. Quyn v ngha v ca ch tu quy nh trong Chng ny cng c p dng i vi ngi cho thu li tu. (.140) + Nguyn tc p dng quy nh php lut trong H thu tu: cc quy nh ti Chng ny lin quan n quyn v ngha v ca ch tu v ngi thu tu ch c p dng khi hai bn khng c tha thun khc. (.141) + Thi hiu khi kin l 02 nm, k t ngy chm dt H. (.142) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 5. Chng VII: HP NG THU TU (tip theo) 5.2 Thu tu nh hn (time charter) + H thu tu nh hn l H thu tu, theo ch tu cung cp mt tu c th cng vi thuyn b cho ngi thu tu. (.143) 5.2.1 Ngha v ca ch tu: (*) giao tu cho ngi thu dng a im, thi im vi trng thi an ton k thut cn thit, c d tr ph hp vi mc ch s dng tha thun trong H v duy tr nh vy trong sut thi gian thu tu; (**) cung cp thuyn b c nng lc ph hp vi mc ch s dng tha thun trong H. (.144) 5.2.2 Quyn ca ngi thu tu nh hn: (*) c ton quyn s dng cc khu vc chuyn dng trn tu v/chuyn hng ha,hnh khch, hnh l; (**) khng c s dng cc khu vc khc trn tu v/chuyn hng ha, hnh khch, hnh l tr trng hp c ch

tu ng . (.145) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 5. Chng VII: HP NG THU TU (tip theo) 5.2.3 Ngha v ca ngi thu tu nh hn: (*) s dng tu dng mc ch tha thun trong H v phi quan tm thch ng cc quyn li ca ch tu; (**) bo m tu ch c s dng v/chuyn hng ha, hnh khch, hnh l hp php. (***) tr tu cho ch tu ng a im, thi im v trng thi k thut tha thun trong hp ng, tr nhng hao mn t nhin ca tu. (.146) 5.2.4 Quan h gia ch tu, ngi thu tu v thuyn b: (*) trong thi gian cho thu nh hn, thuyn b vn thuc quyn qun l v lao ng ca ch tu; (**) Trong hot ng khai thc tu, Thuyn trng l ngi i din ca ngi thu tu; (***)Ch tu chu trch nhim lin i vi ngi thu tu v/v Thuyn trng thc hin quyn hn trn y, tr phi Thuyn trng ghi r trong cam kt ca mnh l thc hin quyn hn l nhn danh ngi thu tu. (.147) 5.2.5 chia tin cng cu h trong thu tu nh hn: nu c th chia u gia ch tu v ngi thu sau khi tr cc chi ph lin quan n hot ng cu h v tin thng cng cu h cho thuyn b. (.148) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 5. Chng VII: HP NG THU TU (tip theo) 5.2.6 Thanh ton tin thu tu nh hn: (*) Ngi thu c trch nhim tr tin thu tu t ngy nhn tu n ngy tr tu; (**) Ngi thu khng phi tr tin thu cho thi gian ngng thu (off hire) do li ca ch tu. (***) Tu b off hire do li ca ngi thu th ch tu vn c hng tin thu tu v c bi thng cc thit hi lin quan. (****) Trng hp tu thu b mt tch th tin thu tu c tnh n ngy thc t nhn c tin tc cui cng v tu . (*****) Trng hp ngi thu khng tr tin thu tu theo tha thun th ch tu c quyn gi hng, ti sn trn tu, nu hng ha, ti sn thuc s hu ca ngi thu tu. 5.2.7 Chm dt H thu tu nh hn: (*) Khi ch tu c li trong vic thc hin ngha v quy nh ti

.144 B lut ny, ngi thu c quyn chm dt H v c i bi thng thit hi; (**) Hai bn c quyn chm dt H m khng phi bi thng nu (***)H ng nhin chm dt, nu tu b mt tch, chm m,b ph hy, b coi l h hng khng sa cha c hoc vic sa cha l khng c hiu qu kinh t. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 5. Chng VII: HP NG THU TU (tip theo) 5.3 Thu tu trn H thu tu trn l H thu tu, theo ch tu cung cp cho ngi thu mt con tu c th khng bao gm thuyn b. (.152) 5.3.1 Ngha v ca ch tu (.153): + mn cn giao tu c kh nng i bin (seaworthy) v cc giy t ca tu cho ngi thu ti a im v thi gian tha thun trong H thu tu; + Trong thi gian cho thu, khng c th chp tu nu khng c s ng bng vn bn ca ngi thu tu; + Trng hp tu b bt gi v cc tranh chp lin quan n quyn s hu hoc cc khon n ca ch tu, ch tu phi m bo li ch ca ngi thu khng b nh hng v phi bi thng thit hi gy ra cho ngi thu. 5.3.2 Ngha v ca ngi thu tu trn (.154) + Bo dng tu v cc trang thit b ca tu trong thi gian thu; + Sa cha cc h hng ca tu v phi thng bo cho ch tu bit, ch tu chu trch nhim tr tin sa cha nu cc tn tht pht sinh ngoi phm vi trch nhim ca ngi thu; + Chu chi ph bo him cho tu vi gi tr v cch thc tha thun trong H; + Nu s dng, khai thc tu gy thit hi cho ch tu th phi khc phc hoc bi thng. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 5. Chng VII: HP NG THU TU (tip theo) 5.3 Thu tu trn (bare board charter)

5.3.3 Ngha v tr tu, chm dt H thu tu trn thc hin theo quy nh ti .146.3, .149 v .151 B lut ny. 5.3.4 Thanh ton tin thu tu trn theo nh tha thun trong H. Trng hp tu b tn tht ton b (total loss) hoc mt tch (missing), vic thanh ton tin thu tu chm dt t ngy tu b tn tht ton b hoc t ngy nhn c thng tin cui cng v tu. Tin thu tr trc phi c tr li tng ng vi thi gian cha s dng tu. (.156) 5.3.5 Thu mua tu (hire purchase) Nu trong H thu tu trn c iu khon v thu mua tu, quyn s hu tu theo H thu tu trn c chuyn cho ngi thu theo tha thun trong H. (.157) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 6. Chng VIII: I L TU BIN V MI GII HNG HI 6.1 i l tu bin l dch v m ngi i l tu bin nhn danh ch tu hoc ngi khai thc tu tin hnh lin quan n tu bin hot ng ti cng, bao gm vic thc hin cc th tc tu bin vo/ri cng; k kt H v/chuyn, Hba him HH, H bc d hng ha, H thu tu, H thu thuyn vin; k pht B/L hoc chng t v/chuyn tng ng; cung cp vt t, nhin liu, thc phm cho tu bin; trnh khng ngh HH (sea protest); thng tin lin lc vi ch tu hoc ngi khai thc tu; dch v lin quan n thuyn vin; thu chi cc khon tin lin quan n hot ng khai thc tu; gii quyt tranh chp v H v/chuyn hoc v tai nn HH v dch v khc lin quan n tu bin. (.158) 6.2 H i l tu bin (Shipping Agency Agreement) l H c giao kt bng vn bn gia ngi y thc (principal) v ngi i l tu bin (shipping

Agent), theo ngi y thc y thc cho i l tu bin thc hin cc dch v i l tu bin i vi tng chuyn tu hoc trong mt thi hn c th. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 6. Chng VIII: I L TU BIN V MI GII HNG HI 6.3 Trch nhim ca ngi i l tu bin (.161) + C trch nhim tin hnh cc hot ng cn thit chm sc v bo v chu o quyn v li ch hp php ca ngi y thc; + Nhanh chng thng bo cho ngi y thc v cc s kin lin quan n cc cng vic c y thc; + Tinh ton chinh xc cc khon thu/chi lin quan n cng vic c y thc; + C trch nhim bi thng cho ngi y thc thit hi do li ca mnh gy ra. 6.4 Trch nhim ca ngi y thc (.162) + Hng dn ngi i l thc hin dch v y thc khi cn thit v ng trc, theo yu cu ca i l, khon tin d chi cho dch v dc y thc; +Trng hp ngi i l c hnh ng vt qa phm vi y thc th ngi y thc vn phi chu trch nhim v hnh ng , nu ngay sau khi nhn c thng tin ny m ngi y thc khng thng bo cho nhng ngi lin quan bit l mnh khng cng nhn hnh ng ny ca ngi i l tu bin. 6.5 Thi hiu khi kin v vic thc hin H i l tu bin l 02 nm, k t ngy pht sinh tranh chp. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 6. Chng VIII: I L TU BIN V MI GII HNG HI 6.1 Mi gii hng hi (ship broker) l dch v lm trung gian cho cc bn lin quan trong vic giao dich, m phn, k kt cc H hng hi. (.166) Ngi mi gii HH l ngi thc hin cc dch v mi gii

HH. 6.2 Quyn v ngha v ca ni mi gii HH (.167) + C quyn phc v cc bn tham gia H phi thng bo cho tt c cc bn bit vic v phai quan tm thch ng n quyn v li ch hp php ca cc bn; + c hng hoa hng mi gii (brokerage) khi H c k kt do hot ng trung gian ca mnh; + C ngha v thc hin cng vic mi gii mt cch trung thc; + Chu trch nhim v t cch php l ca cc bn c mi gii trong thi gian mi gii; + Trch nhim ca ngi mi gii HH chm dt khi H gia cc bn c giao kt, tr trng hp c tha thun khc. 6.3 Thi hiu khi kin v vic thc hin H mi gii l 02 nm, k t ngy pht sinh tranh chp. (168)

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 7. Chng XI: CU H HNG HI 7.1 Cu h HH (.185) l hnh ng cu tu bin hoc cc ti sn trn tu bin thot khi nguy him hoc hnh ng cu tr tu bin ang b nguy him trn bin, trong vng nc cng bin, c thc hin trn c s H cu h HH. 7.2 H cu h HH l H c giao kt gia ngi cu h v ngi c cu h v vic thc hin cu h. 7.3 Ngha v ca ngi cu h (.186.1): + Tin hnh vic cu h mt cch mn cn; + p dng cc bin php thch hp ngn nga hoc gim thit hi cho mi trng; + Phi yu cu s h tr ca nhng ngi cu h khc trong trng hp cn thit;

+ Chp nhn hnh ng cu h ca nhng ngi cu h khc khi c yu cu hp l ca ch tu, Thuyn trng ca tu bin hoc ca ch ti sn ang gp nguy him.

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 7. Chng XI: CU H HNG HI (tip theo) 7.4 Ch tu, Thuyn trng ca tu bin hoc ch ca ti sn ang gp nguy him c ngha v sau y: + Hp tc vi ngi cu h trong sut qu trnh cu h; + Phi hnh ng mn cn ngn nga hoc gim thit hi cho mi trng khi ang c cu h; + Khi tu bin hoc cc ti sn khc c a n a im an ton, phi giao li tu bin hoc ti sn cho ngi cu h, nu ngi cu h yu cu hp l. 7.5 T .187 n .193 quy nh v cc vn : + Quyn hng tin cng cu h; + Nguyn tc xc nh tin cng cu h; + Tin cng c bit trong cu h HH; + Nguyn tc xc nh gi tr ca tu bin hoc ti sn cu c; + Tin thng cu ngi trong tin cng cu h; + Tin thng cng cu h trong cc trng hp khc. II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BNCA B LUT HH VN 2005 7. Chng XI: CU H HNG HI (tip theo) 7.6 Quyn gi tu bin hoc ti sn cu c (.194) + Tu bin hoc ti sn cu cc th b gi bo m vic thanh ton tin cng cu h v cc chi ph khc lin quan n vic nh gi, t chc bn u gi. + Ngi cu h khng c thc hin quyn gi tu bin hoc ti sn cu c,

khi c ch tu hoc ch ti sn bo m tha ng i vi vic khiu kin i thanh ton tin cng cu h. 7.7 Thi hiu khi kin v vic thc hin H cu h HH l 02 nm k t ngy kt thc hnh ng cu h. (.195) II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 8. Chng XIII: TAI NN M VA 8.1 Tai nn m va (collision) l tai nn m va xy ra gia tu bin vi tu bin, tu bin vi phng tin thy ni a, tu bin vi thy phi c hoc gia cc phng tin khc trn bin, trong vng nc cng bin. (.206) 8.2 Ngha v ca Thuyn trng ca tu lin quan n tai nn m va (.207) + Tin hnh cu ngi,tu v ti sn trn tu khc, nu hnh ng khng gy ra s nguy him c bit cho ngi, tu v ti sn trn tu ca mnh. + Ngay sau khi m va, Thuyn trng cc tu lin quan n tai nn c ngha v trao i cho nhau bit tn tu, h hiu (call sign), ni ng k, cng ri cui cng v cng nh n. + Ch tu khng chu trch nhim v vic Thuyn trng khng thc hin ngha v quy inh trn y.

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 8. Chng XIII: TAI NN M VA (tip theo) 8.3 Nguyn tc xc nh li v bi thng tn tht trong tai nn m va(.208) a/ Tu c li gy ra tai nn m va l tu gy ra s m va do c s s sut trong vic trang b, iu khin, qun l tu; trong vic chp hnh quy tc phng nga m va trn bin v quy inh bo m an ton HH; do khng thc hin cc tp

qun ngh nghip cn thit. Tu c li phi bi thng tn tht v tu, ngi v ti sn lin quan n tai nn m va . b/ Hai tu m va cng c li (both to blaim collision) th trch nhim bi thng c phn b theo mc li ca mi bn; nu khng xc nh c c th mc li ca mi bn th trch nhim bi thng c phn b u cho cc bn. c/ Khi cha xc nh c li mt cch r rng th khng tu no b coi l c li. d/ Trong trng hp bi thng tnh mng, thng tch hoc tn hi khc v sc khe con ngi, cc tu c li phi chu trch nhim lin i. Tu no bi thng vt qu trch nhim ca mnh c quyn i cc tu lin quan hon tr s tin qu mc .

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 8. Chng XIII: TAI NN M VA (tip theo) 8.3 Nguyn tc xc nh li v bi thng tn tht trong tai nn m va (.208) e/ Tu qun s ch c min trch nhim bi thng nu c li gy ra tai nn m va khi ang lm nhim vu vng din tp qun s v vng cm hot ng HH c cng b. f/ Trn c s cc nguyn tc xc nh li trn ay, cc bn lin quan n tai nn m va c quyn t tha thun xc nh mc li v trch nhim bi thng. Nu khng tha thun c th c quyn kin ra Trng ti hoc Ta n c thm quyn. 8.4 m va do bt kh khng, ngu nhin, khng xc nh c li th thit hi ca tu no tu chu, k c trng hp tu ang c neo, buc hoc cp mn tu khc th xy ra m va. (.209)

8.5 Thi hiu khi kin v tai nn m va l 02 nm, k t ngy xy ra tai nn. Thi hiu khi kin v/v i hon tr s tin qu mc quy nh ti nguyn tc (d) trn y l 01 nm k t ngy tr tin bi thng.

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 9. Chng XIV: TN THT CHUNG (.213 .218) 9.1 C hnh ng TTC (General Average) khi, v ch khi no c mt s hy sinh hay chi ph bt thng c tin hnh mt cch hu v hp l, v an ton chung bo tn ti sn khi tai ha trong mt hnh trnh chung trn bin. (Rule A York Antwerp Rules) Theo nh ngha ny th Hnh ng TTC l hnh ng nhm bo tn tu v hng ha khi mt tai ha trong mt hnh trnh trn bin. 9.2 TTC gm c: + TTC hy sinh (G/A sacrifice) l nhng tn tht v ti sn b hy sinh cu cc ti sn khc khi tai ha trong chuyn hnh trnh chung trn bin. + TTC chi ph (G/A expenditure) l nhng chi ph do hu qu ca hnh ng TTC. 9.3 Ch tu l ngi c quyn Tuyn b TTC v ch nh chuyn gia phn b TTC ( G/A Adjusters). 9.4 Thi hiu khi kin v TTC l 02 nm k t ngy xy ra TTC. Thi gian tin hnh phn b TTC khng tinh vo thi hiu khi kin v TTC.

II/ NHNG NI DUNG C BN CA B LUT HH VN 2005 10. Chng XVII: GII QUYT TRANH CHP HH (.258-.260)

10.1 Tranh chp HH l cc tranh chp pht sinh lin quan n hot ng HH. 10.2 Nguyn tc gii quyt tranh chp HH: + Tranh chp HH c th c gii quyt bng thng lng, ha gii hoc khi kin ti Trng ti hoc Ta n c thm quyn. + Tranh chp HH c Trng ti hoc Ta n gii quyt theo thm quyn, th tc do php lut quy nh 10.3 Gii quyt tranh chp HH c yu t nc ngoi (.260) : + Cc bn c th tha thun a tranh chp ra gii quyt ti Trng ti hoc Ta n nc ngoi; + Cc bn tranh chp u l nc ngoi m c tha thun gii quyt tranh chp bng Trng ti VN th Trng ti VN c thm quyn gii quyt tranh chp . + Tranh chp HH cng c th gii quyt tai Ta n VN nu cn c xc lp, thay i, chm dt quan h gia cc bn lin quan n tranh chp HH theo php lut VN hoc ti sn lin quan n quan h VN.