G

Simple cell VOLTAIC CELL Daniel cell

More electropositive metal

Less electropositive metal

Porous pot

G
Zn Plate Copper plate Zn Plate

G
Copper plate is allow the movement of ions to complete the a circuit

Act as (-) terminal

Act as (+) terminal

Act as (-) terminal

Act as (+) terminal

Donate electron CuSO4 Zn Zn2+ + 2e

Accept electron

Donate electron

ZnSO4 CuSO4

Accept electron

Salt bridge

Cu2+ + 2e

Cu

Zn

Zn2+ + 2e

Cu2+ + 2e

Cu

Zn become thinner

Brown solid deposited

Zn become thinner

Brown solid deposited

USES of E.C.S
DISPLACEMENT POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE Mg..2.6 V To More compare potential Al..1.9 V. differences electropositive Zn1.1 V.. Fe 0.7V ... Cu ... The further distance between two metal, the higher voltage reading Positive terminal TERMINAL of CELL Negative terminal Solution /Metal Cu Pb Fe Zn Mg Cu(NO3)2 / / / / Pb(NO3)2 X / / / Fe(NO3)2 X X / / Zn(NO3)2 X X X / Mg(NO3)2 X X X X

More electropositive metal in ECS

Metal that is more electropositive can displace metal that less electropositive Mg, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu Electropositive decreases

Less electropositive metal in ECS

Comparison between electrolytic and chemical cell -consist of electrolyte - consist of anode and cathode - electron flow from anode to cathode

Normally observe at Cathode(negative terminal) Electrolysis product Observation Greenish yellow gas released Confirmatory test Put a damp blue litmus paper into test tube, the litmus paper turn to red and bleach it Put a damp blue litmus paper into test tube, the litmus paper turn to red and bleach it Add starch solution into test tube, the starch solution turn to dark blue

Chlorine gas similarities Electrolytic cell Difference s Two or different electrode Used to produce chemical reaction Elect to chem. -ve terminal +ve terminal +ve terminal to ve terminal Made of Electric current Energy change Cathode Anode Flow of electron Two different electrode Produced from chemical reaction Chem. To Elect +ve terminal -ve terminal -ve terminal to +ve terminal Voltaic cell Bromine gas

Brown gas Brown (in aqeous)/purpe in gas Colourless gas released

Iodine

Oxygen gas

Put a glowing wooden splinter into test tube, the glowing wooden splinter will light up

Normally observe at anode(positive terminal) Electrolysis product Almost all metal (except Cu metal) Cu metal Observation Grey solid formed Brown solid formed Colourless gas released Confirmatory test Put a lighted wooden splinter into test tube, a pop sound is produced

Hydrogen gas