Hong Th Minh Ngc cc dang bi tp chng este- lipit.

7/16/2011
Dng i- bi tp xc nh cng thc cu to. Cu 1. Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thu phn trong mi trng axit thu c axetanehit. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l A. CH2=CH-COO-CH3. B. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2. C. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3. D. CH3COOCH=CH2. Cu 2. Thy phn este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (vi xc tc axit), thu c 2 sn phm hu c X v Y. T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y. Vy cht X l A. ru metylic . B. etyl axetat . C. axit fomic. D. ru etylic Cu 3.Este X c cng thc phn t C7H12O4, khi cho 16 gam X tc dng va vi 200 gam dung dch NaOH 4% th thu c mt ancol A v 17,8 gam hn hp hai mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. CH3COO(CH2)2OOCC2H5. B. HCOO(CH2)3OOCC2H5. C. HCOO(CH2)3OOCCH3. D. CH3COO(CH2)3OOCCH3 Cu 4.Cht X c cng thc phn t C7H6O3 . Bit 27,6 gam X tc dng va vi 600 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. (HO)2C6H3CHO. B. HOC6H4CHO. C. (HO)3C6H2CH3. D. HCOOC6H4OH. Cu 5.Cho hn hp X gm 2 este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 v C3H6O2 tc dng vi NaOH d thu c 6,14 gam hn hp hai mui v 3,68 gam ru Y duy nht c t khi hi so vi oxi l 1,4375. Khi lng mi este trong X ln lt l A. 4,4 gam v 2,22 gam. B. 3,33 gam v 6,6 gam. C. 4,44 gam v 8,8 gam. D. 5,6 gam v 11,2 gam. Cu 6: A,B co cung CTPT C2H4O2 ,trong o A phan ng c Na va dung dch NaOH con B phan ng c vi Na vaAgNO 3/NH3 . CTCT cua A, B lan lt la: A. CH3COOH,HO-CH2-CH=O B. HCOOCH3,HO-CH2-CH=O C. CH3COOH,HCOOCH3 D. HCOOCH3 ,CH3COOH Cu 7: A,B co cung CTPT C3H6O2 ,trong o A phan ng c Na vadung dch NaOH con B phan ng c vi dung dch NaOH, AgNO 3/NH3 . CTCT cua A, B lan lt la A. CH3CH2COOH,CH3COOCH3 B. CH3CH2COOH,HCOO CH2CH3 C. CH3COOCH3,HO-CH2-CH2CH=O D. CH3COOCH3 ,CH3CH2COOH Cu 8: A,B co cung CTPT C3H6O2 ,trong o A phan ng c Na vadung dch NaOH con B ch phan ng c vi dung dch NaOH, khong phan ng vi Ag2O/NH3 . CTCT cua A, B lan lt la A. CH3CH2COOH,HO-CH2-CH2CH=O B. CH3 CH2COOH,CH3COOCH3 C. CH3COOCH3 ,CH3CH2COOH D. CH3COOCH3,HO-CH2-CH2CH=O Cu 9 :So ong phan mach h este co phan ng trang bac cua C5H10O2 la A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 Dng 2. bai tp xc nh ctpt da vo tnh cht ca este. cu 1.X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23) A. 8,56 gam. B. 3,28 gam. C. 10,4 gam. D. 8,2 gam Cu 2.Este n chc X c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 6,25. Cho 20 gam X tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch KOH 1M (un nng). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 28 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc cu to ca X l

Hong Th Minh Ngc

A. CH2=CH-CH2-COO-CH3. B. CH2=CH-COO-CH2-CH3. C. CH3 -COO-CH=CH-CH3. D. CH3-CH2-COO-CH=CH2. Cu 3. Hai cht hu c X1 v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60 vC. X1 c kh nng phn ng vi: Na, NaOH, Na2CO3. X2 phn ng vi NaOH (un nng) nhng khng phn ng Na. Cng thc cu to ca X1, X2 ln lt l: A. CH3-COOH, CH3-COO-CH3. B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3. C. H-COO-CH3, CH3-COOH. D. CH3-COOH, H-COO-CH3. Cu 4. X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c khi lng x phng l A. 17,80 gam. B. 18,24 gam. C. 16,68 gam. D. 18,38 gam Cu 5: 0,01 mol este X(ch cha chc este) tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M to sn phm ch c mt ru v mt mui c s mol bng nhau. Mt khc khi x phng ha 1,29 g este X cn va 60 ml dung dch KOH 0,25M v thu c 1,665 (g) mui. Este X c CT l: A. (COO)2C2H4 B. CH2(COO)2C2H4 C. C2H4(COO)2C2H4 D. C4H8(COO)2C2H4 Cu 6: Khi thy phn 0,01 mol este X(ch cha este) cn va 1,2 (g) NaOH thu c ru a chc v mt mui ca axit n chc. Mt khc khi thy phn 6,35 g (X) cn va 3 g NaOH v 7,05 g mui. Xc nh este X: A. (C2H3COO)3C3H5 B. (CH3COO)3C3H5 C. (HCOO)3C3H5 D. (C2H5COO)3C3H5 Cu 7: Hn hp X gm axit fomic v axit axetic c t l mol 1:1. Ly 5,3 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 5,75 gam ancol etylic (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho u bng 80%). Gi tr ca m l A. 10,125. B. 6,48. C. 8,10. D. 16,20. Cu 8: Cho 21,8 gam cht hu c X mch h ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1 lt dung dch NaOH 0,5M thu c 24,6 gam mui v 0,1 mol ancol. Lng NaOH d c trung ho va ht bi 0,5 lt dung dch HCl 0,4M. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. (HCOO)3C3H5. B. (CH3COO)2C2H4. C. (CH3COO)3C3H5. D. C3H5(COOCH3)3. Cu 9: thu phn 0,01 mol este to bi mt ancol a chc v mt axit cacboxylic n chc cn dng 1,2 gam NaOH. Mt khc thy phn 6,35 gam este cn 3 gam NaOH, sau phn ng thu c 7,05 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca este l A. (CH3COO)3C3H5. B. (CH2 = CHCOO)3C3H5. C. (CH2 = CHCOO)2C2H4. D. (C3H5COO)3C3H5. Cu10: X phng ha hon ton 9,7 gam hn hp hai este n chc X, Y cn 150 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Sau phn ng c cn dung dch thu c hn hp hai ancol ng ng k tip v mt mui duy nht. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X, Y ln lt l A. HCOOCH3, HCOOC2H5. B. C2H5COOCH3, C2H5COOC2H5. C. CH3COOCH3, CH3COOC2H5 D. C2H3COOCH3, C2H3COOC2H5. Cu 11: Mt este to bi axit n chc v ancol n chc c t khi hi so vi CO 2 bng 2. Khi un nng este ny vi dung dch NaOH to ra lng mui c khi lng ln hn lng este phn ng . Este l A. Metyl axetat. B. Propyl axetat. C. Metyl propionat. D. Etyl axetat Cu 12: Cho lng CO2 thu c khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp gm hai este etyl fomiat v metyl axetat qua 1 lt dung dch NaOH 0,4M thu c m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l A. 25,2. B. 42,4. C. 27,4. D. 33,6. Cu 13: un nng hp cht X vi H2O (xc tc H+) c axit hu c Y v ancol Z n chc. Cho hi Z i qua ng ng CuO, t0 c hp cht T c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. t chy hon ton 2,8 gam X phi dng ht 3,92 lt oxi ( ktc), c kh CO2 v hi nc theo t l th tch: V : V = 3 : 2 . Bit d Y = 2, 57 .
CO2 H2 O
N2

Cng thc cu to ca Xl

Hong Th Minh Ngc

A. CH2 = CHCOOC3H7. B. CH2 = CHCOOCH2CH = CH2. C. C2H5COOCH = CH2. D. CH2 = CHCH2COOCH = CH2. Cu 14: X l este ca mt axit cacboxylic n chc v ancol etylic. Thy phn hon ton 7,4 gam X ngi ta dng 125 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Lng NaOH d 25% so vi lng cn thit. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HCOOC2H5. B. CH3COOC2H5. C. C2H5COOC2H5. D. HCOOCH3. Cu 15: Cho 45 gam trieste ca glixerol vi mt axit bo tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M c m1 gam x phng v m2 gam glixerol. Gi tr m1, m2 l A. m1 = 46,4; m2 = 4,6. B. m1 = 4,6; m2 = 46,4. C. m1 = 40,6; m2 = 13,8. D. m1 = 15,2; m2 = 20,8. Cu 16: Cho 10,4 gam este X (cng thc phn t: C 4H8O3) tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M c 9,8 gam mui khan. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HCOOCH2CH2CHO. B. CH3COOCH2CH2OH. C. HOCH2COOC2H5. D. CH3CH(OH)COOCH3. Cu 17 Mt este n chc X c phn t khi l 88 vC. Cho 17,6 gam X tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 23,2 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HCOOCH2CH2CH3. B. HCOO CH(CH3)2. C. CH3CH2COOCH3. D . CH3COOCH2CH3. Cu 18: Hn hp M gm mt axit X n chc, mt ancol Y n chc v mt este to ra t X v Y. Khi cho 25,2 gam hn hp M tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 2M c 13,6 gam mui khan. Nu un nng Y vi H2SO4 c th thu c cht hu c Y1 c t khi hi so vi Y bng 1,7 (coi hiu sut t 100%). Cng thc cu to ca este l: A. HCOOCH2CH2CH3. B. CH3COO CH(CH3)2. C. HCOOCH(CH3)2. D. HCOOC2H4CH3 hoc HCOOCH(CH3)2. Cu 19: Chat hu c mach h no A cha cac nguyen to C,H,O co phan t khoi la 74. A phan ng c vi : Na , dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 , dung dch NaOH . Cong thc phan t cua A la A. C4H10O B. C3H6O2 C. C2H2O3 D. C3H8O2 Cu 20: Cho s sau:
C2 H5OH X
NaOH

Z F

CH 4 Poli(metyl metacrylat)

axit metacrylic

Cng thc cu to ca X l A. CH2 = C(CH3) COOC2H5. C. CH2 = C(CH3)COOCH3. Cu 21: Cho s sau:
0

B. CH2 = CHOOCC2H5. D. CH2 = CHCOOC2H5

2+

H 10 C 50 + CH 4 + Y NaOH M X 2O/Hg T Z

CH 4
D. C A, B, C u ng.

Cng thc cu to ca Z l A. C2H5OH. B. CH3COOH. Cu 22: Cho s sau: Cng thc cu to ca X l A. C2H4(OH)2. B. C2H5OH.

C. CH3COOC2H5.

C2H2 C2H 4Cl 2 X C 2H 4O CH 2 CHOOCCH 3 = 2

C. CH3CHO. D. HOCH2CHO.

Hong Th Minh Ngc

3.Bi tp xc nh cng thc phn t da vo phn ng chy. cu 1.Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm 4,48 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 3,6 gam nc. Nu cho 4,4 gam hp cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v cht hu c Z. Tnca X l A. etyl propionat. B. metyl propionat. C. isopropyl axetat. D. etyl axetat cu 2.Khi t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc th s mol CO2 sinh ra bng s mol O2 phn ng. Tn gi ca este l A. metyl fomiat. B. etyl axetat. C. n-propyl axetat. D. metyl axetat Cu 3: Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam hp cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm 4,48 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 3,6 gam nc. Nu cho 4,4 gam hp cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v cht hu c Z. Tn ca X l A. etyl propionat. B. Metyl propionat. C. Isopropyl axetat. D. Etyl axetat. Cu 4: t chy 1,6 gam mt este X n chc thu c 3,52 gam CO 2 v 1,152 gam H2O. Cho 10 gam X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (va ), c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 14 gam mui khan Y. Cho Y tc dng vi axit v c long thu c Z khng phn nhnh. Cng thc cu to ca Z l A. CH3(CH2)3COOH. B. CH2 = CH(CH2)2COOH. C. HO(CH2)4COOH. D. HO(CH2)4OH. Cu 5. t chy hon ton 0,2 mol este n chc X ri cho sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh 1 ng 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 96,48%; bnh 2 ng dung dch KOH d. Sau th nghim thy nng H2SO4 bnh 1 gim cn 87,08%; bnh 2 c 82,8 gam mui. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C2H4O2. B. C3H6O2. C. C4H8O2. D. C3H4O2. Cu 6: t chy hon ton 4,44 gam cht hu c X n chc (cha C, H, O). Cho ton b sn phm chy hp th hon ton vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 11,16 gam ng thi thu c 18 gam kt ta. Ly m1 gam X cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (va ), c cn dung dch sau phn ng c m2 gam cht rn khan. Bit m2 < m1. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HCOOC2H5. B. CH3COOCH3. C. C2H5COOH. D. CH2 = CHCOOCH3. 5.Cc dng bi tp c bn khc Dng 1: Xc nh CTCT ca mt este hu c n chc mch h v x phng ha mt este cho mt mui v mt ru HNG DN: - Este no n chc c CT l : CnH2nO2 - Este n chc c CTTQ l : CxHyO2 . t este no n chc th nCO2 = nH2O v neste = nO2 c trong este - Cch gii : + Tnh M axit hoc Mmui Gc hidrocacbon trong axit +Tnh Mru Gc hidrocacbon trong ru +Tnh Meste 1;Hai este l ng phn ca nhau do cc axit no n chc v ru no n chc to thnh. x phng ha 22,2 gam hn hp hai este phi dng ht 12 gam NaOH nguyn cht. Cc mui thu c c khi lng 21,8 gam. Xc nh CTCT ca hai este ? 2; Hp cht hu c X cha cc nguyn t C , H , O c MX = 146 . X khng tc dng vi Na kim loi . Ly 14,6 gam X tc dng va vi 100 ml dd NaOH 2M thu c hn hp gm mt mui v mt ru . Xc nh CTCT ca X ? 3; Hai cht hu c X v Y u n chc l ng phn ca nhau . t chy hon ton 5,8gam hn hp X v Y cn 8,96 lit O2 (ktc) thu c VCO2 : VH2O = 1 : 1 o cng iu kin . Xc nh cng thc n gin ca X v Y ?

Hong Th Minh Ngc

4; X l hn hp hai este l ng phn ca nhau. cng iu kin 1 lit hi X nng gp hai ln 1 lit O2 .Thy phn 35,2 gam X bng 4 lit dd NaOH 0,2M c dd Y . C cn ddY thu c 44,6 gam cht rn khan . Bit hai este do ru no n chc v axit no n chc to thnh. Xc nh CTCT ca cc este ? 5; Hn hp y l hai este n chc mch h l ng phn ca nhau . Cho m gam Y tc dng va vi 100 ml dd NaOH 0,5M thu c mt mui v hn hp hai ru. t chy hon ton m gam Y cn 5,6 lit O2 4,48 lit CO2 (u ktc). Xc nh CTCT ca hai este trong Y ? 6; Mt este n chc c thnh phn khi lng mC : mO = 9 : 8 a. Xc nh CTCT thu gn ca este ? b. Cho este trn tc dng va vi mt lng NaOH thu c mui c khi lng bng 41/37 khi lng este . Xc nh CTCT ng ca este ? 7; Hai hp cht A ,B mch h ( cha C ,H ,O ) n chc u tc dng vi NaOH , khng tc dng vi Na . t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm A ,B cn 8,4 lit O2 thu c 6,72 lit CO2 v 5,4 gam H2O . A v B thuc loi cht g ? 8; Hn hp E gm hai cht hu c A , B cng chc. un 13,6 gam E vi dd NaOH thu c sn phm gm mt mui duy nht ca mt axit n chc ,khng no v hn hp hai ru no n chc k tip nhau . t hon ton 27,2 gam E cn dng ht 33,6 lit O2 thu c 29,12 lit CO2 v H2O ( cng ktc ). Xc nh CTPT ca A v B ? Dng 2: Xc nh CTCT ca este hai chc mch h HNG DN: X phng ha mt este cho mt trong cc iu kin sau: - Mt mui v hai ru axit hai chc R(COOR)2 th nOH- = 2neste = n ru , neste=nmui

- Hai mui v mt ru ru trong este l ru hai chc (RCOO)2R th

, neste=nru - nOH-= 2 neste Ty theo k bi cho m gii theo hai trng hp trn c bit este hai chc mch vng do axit hai chc v ru hai chc to thnh R (COO)2R
mui

nOH- = 2neste = n

1;un nng a gam mt hp cht hu c X cha C , H , O mch h khng phn nhnh vi dd cha 11,2 gam KOH n khi phn ng hon ton thu c ddB . trung ha KOH d cn 80 ml HCl 0,5M . un hn hp sau khi trung ha thu c 7,36 gam hai ru n chc v 18,34 gam hn hp hai mui . Xc nh CTCT ca X ? 2; Cho hp cht X ( cha C , H , O ) mch thng ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng ht vi 152,5 ml dd NaOH 25% ( d = 1,28 g/ml) . Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dd A cha mt mui v hai ru no n chc ng n ca nhau. trung ha hon ton dd A cn 255ml dd HCl 4M . C cn dd sau trung ha thu c hn hp hai ru c t khi so vi H2 l 26,5 v 78,67 gam hn hp mui khan. Xc nh CTCT ca X ? 3; Mt hp cht huc c X c CTPT l C7H12O4 . Bit X ch cha mt loi nhm chc . Cho 16 gam X tc dng va vi 200 gam dd NaOH 4% thu c mt ru Y v 17,8 gam hn hp hai mui . Xc nh CTCT thu gon ca X ? Dng 3: Xc nh CTCT ca este ba chc 1; Khi thy phn 0,01 mol este ca mt ru a chc v mt axit n chc phi dng 1,2 gam NaOH . Mt khc thy phn 6,35 gam este cn 3 gam NaOH thu c 7,05 gam mui . Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca este ?

HNG DN: - CTCT ca este c dng : RCOOC6H5 Hong Th Minh Ngc - Nu xc nh CTCT ca tng este n chc trong hn hp bit 2; thy nNaOH25,4 gam este nht mt trong hai este l este ca phnol. phn 6,35 gam este phn >neste th t X cn dng 200 gam dd NaOH 6%. Mt khc khi thy

A bng xt thu c 7,05 gam mui duy nht . Bit rng mt trong hai cht to thnh este l n chc. Meste = 254 vC . Cho bit CTCT thu gn ca este ? 3;Khi x phng ha 2,18 gam Z c CTPT l C9H14O6 dng 40 ml NaOH 1M . trung ha lng xt d sau phn ng x phng ha phi dng ht 20ml ddHCl 0,5M.Sau phn ng x phng ha ngi ta thu c mt ru no B v mui Natri ca axit hu c n chc. Bit rng 11,5 gam B th hi chim th tch bng ca 3,75 gam etan trong cng iu kin . Tm CTCT ca B ? Dng 4: Dng c bit Trng hp 1: X phng ha 1 este cho hn hp hai mui v ru 1; Cho 2,76 gam cht hu c A cha C , H , O tc dng vi dd NaOH va , sau khi chng ct th phn bay hi ch c nc , phn cht rn cha hai mui Natri chim khi lng 4,44 gam . Nung nng hai mui ny trong Oxi d thu c 3,18 gam Na2CO3 ; 2,464 lit CO2 (ktc) v 0,9 gam nc. Bit CTPT ca A trng CTG nht . Xc nh CTCT ca A ? 2; Mt cht hu c X c cng thc n gin l C4H4O tc dng va vi dd KOH 11,666% . Sau phn ng thu c dd Y . C cn ddY th phn bay hi ch c nc vi khi lng 86,6 gam cn li l cht rn Z c khi lng 23 gam. Xc nh CTCT ca X ? 3;Mt hn hp gm hai este u n chc . Ly 0,25 mol hai este ny phn ng vi 175ml dd NaOH 2M un nng thu c mt andehit no mch h v 28,6 gam hai mui huc c . Cho bit khi lng ca mui ny bng 1,4655 ln mui kia. Phn trm ca Oxi trong andehit l 27,58% . Xc nh CTCT ca este ? 4;t 1,7 agm este X cn 2,52 lit O2 (ktc) ch sinh ra CO2 v H2O vi t l s mol tng ng l 2:1 . un nng 0,01 mol X cn 0,02 mol NaOH. X khng c chc este , khng phn ng vi Na trong iu kin thng v khng kh c AgNO3 /NH3 ngay c un nng. Bit MX < 140 vC . Xc nh CTCT ca X ? Trng hp 2: X phng ha mt este cha r s nhm chc m cho mui v ru thu c dng khi lng. Bi tp: Cho DN: cht hu c A ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1 lit dd NaOH 0,5M thu HNG 21,8 gam c - CTCT ca este c ru B. :Lng NaOH dRmth trung ha ht 0,5 lit dd HCl 0,4M . xc 24,6 gam mui v 0,1 mol dng Rn (COO)mn c nh CTCT ca A este tc dng vi bazo v d kin bi cho tm mi lin h - Vit pt ? Trng gia R vi m v R vi n hu c notm R v ch cho mt sn phm duy nht . Xc nh hp 3:X phng ha mt este . T n chc R. cu to ca este. HNG DN: X phng ha mt este hu c no n chc ch cho mt sn phm duy nht th este khng phi l este no n chc mch vng c CTTQ l: CnH2n C = O O 1; x phng ha mt este X n chc no bng mt lng va dd NaOH ch thu c mt sn phm duy nht Y khng c sn phm th hai d l mt lng nh.C cn dd sau phn ng nung cht Y vi vi ti xt thu c ru Z v mt mui v c. t chy hon ton ru Z thu c VCO2 : VH2O = 3 : 4 . Xc nh cng thc thu gn ca X ? 2; Mt este n chc X bit dX/O2 = 3,125 . Xc nh CTCT ca X trong mi trng hp sau: a. 20 gam X tc dng vi 300 ml dd NaOH 1M . C cn dd sau phn ng thu c 23,2 gam b rn. b. 0.15 mol X tc dng va vi dd NaOH . C cn dd sau phn ng thu 21 gam mui khan ( mch khng nhnh ). Trng hp 4: X phng ha mt este sn phm ch gm mt mui v mt ru c s mol bng s mol ca este. Xc nh CTCT ca este bit neste = 1/2 n OH

Hong Th Minh Ngc

HNG DN: T l s mol este bng s mol bazo kim suy ra este c hai nhm este v c th thuc loi sau: R(COOR)2 , (RCOO)2R , R(COO)2R Nu bi cho neste = nmui = nr ch c cng thc R(COO)2R l tha mn 1;Cho 0,1 mol mt este X phn ng ht vi 100 ml dd NaOH 0,2M. Sn phm to ra ch gm mt mui v mt ru c s mol bng nhau v bng s mol ca este , u c cu to thng. Mt khc khi x phng ha hon ton 2,58 gam este bng lng KOH va phi dng ht 20ml dd KOH 1,5M thu c 3,3 gam mui. Xc nh CTCT ca este ? 2;Cho 0,01 mol mt este ca axit hu c phn ng va vi 100 ml dd NaOH 0,2M . sn phm to thnh ch gm mt ru v mt mui vi s mol bng nhau. Mt khc khi x phng ha 1,29 gam este bng mt lng va l 60 ml dd KOH 0,25M thu c 1,665 gam mui khan. Xc nh CTCT ca este ? Ch 3:Xc nh CTCT ca este n chc hoc este v cc cht h c trong hn hp Dng 1: Hai este tc dng vi dd bazo thu c hai mui v mt ru HNG DN: C hai kh nng : (1) RCOOR , R1COOR v (2) RCOOR , RCOOH a. Khi nru = nNaOH th l hai este (1) b. Khi nru < nNaOH th l (2) 1; Mt hn hp X gm hai cht hu c . Cho hn hp X phn ng va vi 100ml dd KOH 5M thu c hn hp hai mui ca hai axit no n chc v mt ru no n chc Y . Cho ton b Y tc dng ht vi vi Natri thu c 3,36 lit H2 (ktc). Cho bit hai hp cht hu c l hp cht g? 2; Cho hn hp M gm hai cht hu c mch thng X , Y ( ch cha C ,H ,O ) tc dng va vi 8 gam NaOH thu c mt ru n chc v hai mui ca hai axit hu c n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng . Lng ru thu c tc dng vi Na d thu c 2,24 lit kh H2 (ktc). X v Y thuc loi cht no? Dng 2: Vi u bi cho d kin hai cht hu c n chc mch h tc dng vi bazo cho mt mui v mt ru . Xc nh CTCT ca hai cht hu c. HNG DN: Ta c th bin lun nh sau: C ba kh nng hai cht hu c l: - Mt este v mt ru c gc hidrocacbon ging ru trong este - Mt este v mt axit c gc hidrocacbon ging axit trong este - Mt axit v mt ru Ty theo d kin bi cho m ta xc nh c hai cht hu c Bi tp: Cho hn hp M gm hai cht hu c no , n chc cha cc nguyn t C , H , O tc dng va vi 20 ml dd NaOH 2M thu c mt mui v mt ru. un nng lng ru trn vi H2SO4 c 170oC to 369,6 ml kh 27,3oC v 1 atm. Nu t chy hon ton M ri dn sn phm qua bnh ng CaO d th khi luwongj bnh tng 7,75 gam. Cho bit hai hp cht hu c l hp cht g? Dng 3: Vi u bi cho d kin hai cht hu n chc mch h tc dng vi bazo cho mt mui v hai ru. Xc nh CTCT hai cht hu c. HNG DN: C hai trng hp xy ra: (1) : RCOOR v RCOOR1 (2) : RCOOR v R1OH Bi tp : t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp hai cht hu c n chc , no , mch h cn 3,976 lit O2 (ktc) thu c 6,38 gam CO2 . Cho lng este ny tc dng va vi KOH thu c hn hp hai ru k tip nhau v 3,92 gam mui ca mt axit huc c. Xc nh CTCT ca hai hp cht hu c ?

Hong Th Minh Ngc

4.bi tp ch s axit- ch s x phng ha LIPIT V X PHNG L thuyt bi tp: (RCOO)3C3H5 + 3KOH 3RCOOK + C3H5(OH)3 (1) Cht bo RCOOHt do + KOH RCOOK + H2O (2) Bo + KOH mui(x phng) + C3H5(OH)3 + H2O (3) Cn nm r cc khi nim 1. Ch s axit: l s mg KOH(2) cn trung ho ht axit t do c trong 1 gam cht bo 2. Ch s este: l s mg KOH(1) cn thu phn ht este bo c trong 1 gam cht bo 3. Ch s x phng = ch s axit + ch s este 4. Khi lng x phng thu c khi x phng ha. p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng cho phng trnh s (3) mbo + mKOH = mx phng + mH2O + mglixerol mx phng = mbo + mKOH - mH2O - mglixerol Bi tp luyn tp Cu 1: Trung ho 2,8 gam cht bo cn 3ml dung dch KOH 0,1 M. Tnh ch s axit ca cht bo? A. 6 B. 0,6 C. 0,06 D. 0,006 Cu 2: Khi x phng ho hon ton 2,52 gam cht bo trung tnh cn 90 ml dung dch KOH 0,1M. Tnh ch s x phng ca cht bo trn? A. 200 B. 192 C. 190 D. 198 Cu 3: khi x phng ho hon ton 2,52 gam cht bo trung tnh thu c 0,265gam glixerol. Tnh ch s x phng ca cht bo? A. 18 B. 80 C. 180 D. 8 Cu 4: x phng ho hon ton 100gam cht bo c ch s axit bng 7 ngi ta dng ht 0,32 mol KOH. Khi lng glixerol thu c l bao nhiu gam? A. 9,4 gam B. 9,3gam C. 8,487 gam D. 9,43 gam Cu 5: Tnh khi lng KOH cn dng trung ho 4 gam cht bo c ch s axit l 7? A. 28mg B. 14mg C. 82mg D. p n khc. Cu 6: Tnh khi lng NaOH cn dng trung ho axit t do c trong 5 gam bo vi ch s axit bng 7? A. 0,025mg B. 0,025g C. 0,25mg D. 0,25g Cu 7: X phng ho 1kg lipit c ch s axit l 2,8 ngi ta cn dng 350 ml KOH 1M. Khi lng glixerol thu c l bao nhiu? A. 9,2gam B. 18,4 gam C. 32,2 gam D. 16,1 gam Cu 8: Mt loi m cha 40% triolein, 20% tripanmitin, 40% tristearin. X phng ho hon ton m gam m trn bng NaOH thu c 138 gam glixerol. Gi tr ca m l? A. 1209 B. 1304,27 C. 1326 D. 1335 Cu 9: Mt loi m cha 70% triolein v 30% tristearin v khi lng. Tnh khi lng x phng thu c khi x phng ho hon ton 100kg cht m bng NaOH? A. 90,8kg B. 68kg C. 103,16kg D. 110,5kg Cu 10: X phng ho hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c X ( cha C, H, O) cn va 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 24,6 gam mui khan. Xc nh CTPT ca X? A. (HCOO)3C3H5 B. (CH3COO)3C3H5 C. C3H5(COOCH3)3 D. (CH3COO)2C2H4 Cu 11: Tnh ch s este ca mt loi cht bo cha 89% tristearin? A. 168 B. 84 C. 56 D. p n khc Cu 12: un 20 gam lipit vi dung dch cha 10 gam NaOH. Sau khi kt thc phn ng trung ho 1/10

Hong Th Minh Ngc

dung dch thu c cn dng 90 ml dung dch HCl 0,2 M. Tnh ch s x phng ho v phn t khi trung bnh ca axit bo trong lipit? A. 140 v 273 B. 120 v 273 C. 130 v 273 D. p n khc Cu 13: Cho 0,25 mol NaOH vo 20 gam bo trung tnh ri un nng ln, khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ngi ta thu c dung dch c tnh baz, trung ho dung dch ny phi dng ht 0,18 mol HCl. Tnh khi lng NaOH cn x phng ho 1 tn cht bo trn? A. 0,14 tn B. 1,41 tn C. 0,41 tn D. p n khc Cu 14: x phng ho 63mg cht bo trung tnh cn 10,08 mg NaOH. Tnh ch s x phng ho ca cht bo? A. 200 B. 224 C. 220 D. 150 Cu 15: trung ho axit t do c trong 5,6 gam cht bo cn 6 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 M. Tnh ch s axit ca cht bo ni trn? A. 3,2 B. 4 C. 4,7 D. p n khc Cu 16: phn ng vi 100 gam cht bo c ch s axit bng 7 phi dng ht 17,92 gam KOH. Tnh khi lng mui (x phng) thu c? A. 108,265g B. 100,265g C. 100g D. 120g Cu 17: Tnh khi lng NaOH cn dng trung ho cc axit bo t do c trong 200 gam cht bo, bit cht bo c ch s axit bng 7? A. 5g B. 9g C. 1g D. 15g bi tp tng hp v este- lipit Cu1.Cho phn ng este ha : RCOOH + ROH R-COO-R + H2O . phn ng chuyn di u tin theo chiu thun, cn dng cc gii php sau : A.Tng nng ca axit hoc ancol B.Dng H2SO4 c xc tc v ht nc. C.Chng ct tch este ra khi hn hp phn ng . D.C A,B v C Cu2. C4H6O2 c bao nhiu ng phn mch h phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH? A. 5 ng phn. B.6 ng phn. C.7 ng phn. D.8 ng phn. Cu3 .Cng thc tng qut ca este to bi axit n chc no mch h v ancol n chc no mch h c dng. A. CnH2n+2O2 ( n 2) B.CnH2nO2 (n 2) C.CnH2nO2 ( n 3) D.CnH2n-2O2 ( n 4) Cu4 .Hn hp A gm 2 este n chc no, ng phn. Khi trn 0,1 mol hn hp A vi O2 va ri t chy thu c 0,6 mol sn phm gm CO2 v hi nc. Cng thc phn t 2 este l A.C4H8O2. B. C5H10O2. C.C3H6O2. D.C3H8O2. Cu5 .Mt hp cht hu c n chc c cng thc C3H6O2 khng tc dng vi kim loi mnh, ch tc dng vi dung dch kim, n thuc dy ng ng : A.Acol B. Este. C. Andehit. D. Axit. Cu6 .X l este mch h do axit no A v ancol no B to ra. Khi cho 0,2 mol X phn ng vi NaOH thu c 32,8 gam mui. t chy 1 mol B cn dng 2,5 mol O2. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. (CH3COO)2C2H4. B.(HCOO)2C2H4. C. (C2H5COO)2C2H4. D. (CH3COO)3C3H5. Cu7. iu ch thy tinh hu c, ngi ta trng hp t : A. CH2= CH-COOCH3 B.CH2= CH-COOH C. CH2= C-COOCH3 D.CH2= C-COOH CH3 CH3 Cu8. Cho s : C4H8O2 X YZC2H6. Cng thc cu to ca X l

Hong Th Minh Ngc

A. CH3CH2CH2COONa. B. CH3CH2OH C. CH2=C(CH3)-CHO D. CH3CH2CH2OH. Cu9. Este X c cng thc C4H8O2 c nhng chuyn ho sau : . + H2O .+O2 Y2 X Y1 + Y2 Y1 .+ xt H tha mn iu kin trn th X c tn l : A. Isopropyl fomiat B .Etyl axetat. C. Metyl propyonat. D. n-propyl fomiat. Cu10. A c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin. Khi phn tch A thu c kt qu: 50% C, 5,56% H, 44,44%O theo khi lng. Khi thu phn A bng dung dch H2SO4 long thu c 2 sn phm u tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cng thc cu to ca A l A. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3. B. HCOO-CH=CH2. C. (HCOO)2C2H4. D.CH2=CH-CHO. Cu11. Cho 13,2 g este n chc no E tc dng ht vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c 12,3 g mui . Xc nh E. A.HCOOCH3 B.CH3-COOC2H5 C.HCOOC2H5 D.CH3COOCH3 Cu12.X c cng thc phn t C3H4O2. Khi cho X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH thu c 1 sn phm duy nht. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X ? A.CH2=CH-COOH. B.HCOOCH=CH2.
H H3C C C O

O C. . D. C A, B v C Cu13.Thy phn 1 este n chc no E bng dung dch NaOH thu c mui khan c khi lng phn t bng 24/29 khi lng phn t E.T khi hi ca E i vi khng kh bng 4. Cng thc cu to. A. C2H5COOCH3. B.C2H5COOC3H7 C.C3H7COOCH3 D.CH3COOCH3 Cu14. X cc cng thc phn t C4H6O2Cl2. Khi cho X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH thu c CH2OHCOONa, etylenglicol v NaCl. Cng thc cu to ca X? A CH2Cl-COO-CHCl-CH3. B. CH3-COO-CHCl-CH2Cl. C.CHCl2-COO-CH2CH3. D.CH2Cl-COO-CH2-CH2Cl.

Cu15. Este X c cha vng benzen v c cng thc phn t l C 8H8O2. Hy cho bit X c bao nhiu cng thc cu to ? A. 7 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 Cu16. X l este to t ancol no n chc v axit no u mch h. X khng tc dng vi NaOH. Trong phn t X c cha 2 lin kt . Hy cho bit cng thc chung no ng nht vi X ? A. CnH2n-2O2 B. CnH2n-2O4 C. R(COOR)2 D. CnH2n(COOCmH2m+1)2 Cu17. Cht hu c X c CTPT l C3H5Cl3. un nng X trong dung dch NaOH thu c cht hu c n chc. Vy tn gi ca X l : A. 1,2,3-triclo propan B. 1,1,1-triclo propan C. 1,1,3-triclo propan D. 1,2,2-triclo propan Cu18. Thy phn hon ton este X trong NaOH thu c mui ca mt axit no v mt ancol no (u mch h). X khng tc dng vi Na. t chy hon ton X thu c s mol CO 2 gp 4 ln s mol X. Hy cho bit c bao nhiu cht tha mn. A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7 Cu19 un nng este X trong NaOH thu c natri acrylat v ancol n chc Y. Oxi ha Y trong iu kin thch hp thu c axit acrylic. Hy cho bit cng thc phn t ca X. A. C6H10O2 B. C6H12O2 C. C6H6O2 D. C6H8O2.

10

Hong Th Minh Ngc

Cu20. Thy phn hon ton hn hp X gm 2 lipit thu c glixerol v 2 mui natri oleat v natri stearat. Hy cho bit c bao nhiu cp lipit tha mn ? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu21. Mt este to t axit no n chc v ancol bc III n chc mch h. Vy cng thc chung ca este l : A. CnH2nO2 ( n 5) B. CnH2nO2 ( n 4) C. CnH2nO2 ( n 3) D. CnH2nO2 (n 2) Cu22. Este X c cng thc phn t l C 4H6O2. un nng X trong dung dch NaOH v Cu(OH) 2 d thu c s mol Cu2O gp i s mol X phn ng. Hy cho bit c bao nhiu cht tha mn. A. 1 B. 3 C. 2 D. 4 Cu23. Cht X c cng thc phn t l C10H`10O2. un nng X trong NaOH thu c 2 mui u c phn t khi > 100. Hy cho bit c bao nhiu cht tha mn. A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 2 Cu24. Este X c cng thc phn t l C5H10O2. un nng X thu c ancol Y v mui Z. hirat ha Y thu c anken Y1. Cho Y1 tc dng vi H2O li thu c ancol Y (duy nht). Vy tn gi ca X l : A. Etyl propionat B. n-propylaxetat C. iso-propyl axetat D. sec-butyl fomat Cu25. Cho 0,1 mol este X n chc vo 100 gam dung dch NaOH 8%, un nng phn ng thy phn hon ton thu c 110 gam dung dch. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 14,8 gam cht rn khan. Hy cho bit X c th c bao nhiu cng thc cu to ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu26. Cho cc cht sau: CH3COOC2H3 (I) , C2H3COOH (II) , CH3COOC2H5 (III) v CH2=CH-COOCH3 (IV). Cht no va tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, dung dch nc brom. A. I, II, IV B. I, II, III C. I, II, III, IV D. I v IV. Cu27. Thy phn hon ton 0,1 mol este X cn 200 ml dd NaOH 1M thu c 9,2 gam glixerol v 16,2 gam hh Y gm 2 mui. Vy 2 mui trong hh Y l : A.CH3COONa v CH2=CHCOONa B. HCOONa v CH2=CH-COONa C. HCOONa v CH3CH2COONa D. HCOONa v CH3COONa Cu28. Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C5H8O2. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch Br2 thu c cht hu c Y c cng thc l C5H8O2Br2. un nng Y trong NaOH d thu c glixerol, NaBr v mui cacboxylat ca axit Z. Vy cng thc cu to ca X l : A. CH3COOCH2-CH=CH2 B. CH3-COOCH=CH-CH3 C. CH2=CH-COOCH2CH3 D. HCOOCH(CH3)-CH=CH2. Cu29. Hn hp X gm etyl axetat v n-propyl axetat. un nng hn hp X vi NaOH (va ) thu c 13,12 gam mui v 8,76 gam hn hp ancol Y. Vy % khi lng ca etyl axetat trong hn hp X l : A. 56,85% B. 45,47% C. 39,8% D. 34,1% Cu30. Thy phn hon ton 17,6 gam hh X gm metyl axetat v etyl fomiat bng dd NaOH 2M. Tnh th tch dd NaOH 2M cn dng. A. 75 ml B. 100 ml C. 125 ml D. 200 ml Cu31. Cht X n chc c CT n gin l l C2H4O. X tc dng vi AgNO3/ NH3 cho kt ta Ag. Xc nh s cht hu c tha mn? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu32. Thc hin phn ng este ho gia axit axetic vi 2 ancol no n chc l ng ng k tip nhau thu c hn hp 2 este. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp 2 este thu c 10,08 lt CO2. Hy la chn cng thc cu to ca 2 ancol ? A. CH3OH v C2H5OH B. C2H5OH v CH3CH(OH)CH3 C. CH3-CH2-CH2 OH v CH3CH2CH2CH2 OH D. C2H5OH v CH3CH2CH2OH Cu33. Hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c n chc. tc dng vi 0,1 mol hn hp X cn 0,1 mol NaOH thu c dung dch cha 2 mui v mt ancol. Tch ly ton b lng ancol ri cho phn ng vi Na d thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Hy cho bit kt lun no sau y ng ?

11

Hong Th Minh Ngc

A. X gm 1 axit v 1 este. B. X gm 2 este C. X gm mt axit v mt ancol. D. X gm 1 este v mt ancol. Cu34. Cht X c cng thc cu to sau: CH2=CH-O-CH=O. Hy cho bit khi un nng 0,1 mol X trong dung dch NaOH c cha Cu(OH)2 d. Tnh s mol Cu2O thu c. A. 0,1 mol B. 0,15 mol C. 0,2 mol D. 0,3 mol Cu35. Thy phn hon ton 0,1 mol este X cn 200 ml dd NaOH 1,5M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c glixerol v 24,6 gam cht rn khan. Hy cho bit X c bao nhiu CTCT ? A. 1 B. 4 C. 7 D. 6 Cu36. X l este to t axit n chc v ancol 2 chc. X khng tc dng vi Na. Thu phn hon ton 0,1 mol X bng NaOH (va ) thu c hn hp sn phm c tng khi lng l 21,2 gam. Hy cho bit c nhiu este tho mn iu kin ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu37. Hn hp X gm etyl axetat v n-propyl axetat. Thy phn hon ton X trong 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Trung ha lng kim d cn 50 ml dung dch HCl 1M. C cn cn thn dung dch sau phn ng thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l: A. 15,225 gam B. 12,525 gam C. 15,252 gam D. 12,255 gam Cu38. Thy phn hon ton hn hp X gm 2 este n chc A, B cn dng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c 6,8 gam mui duy nht v 4,04 gam hn hp 2 ancol l ng ng lin tip nhau. Cng thc cu to ca 2 este l: A. HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5 B. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 C. C2H3COOCH3 v C2H3COOC2H5 D. HCOOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7 Cu39. C cc cht lng sau: etyl axetat, etyl fomat, glixerol trifomat v glixerol triaxetat. Hy cho bit cp ha cht no c th s dng phn bit cc cht lng trn ? A. Cu(OH)2 v dd NaOH. B. Cu(OH)2 v dd H2SO4. C. CuSO4 v dd NH3 D. Ag2O/ NH3 v dd NaOH. Cu40. X l ancol bc ba, mch h c cng thc l C5H10O. T X ngi ta thc hin s bin ha sau: X C5H9Br C5H9Br3 C5H12O3 Y(C8H12O6). Hy cho bit trong cc cht sau : Na, Ag2O/ NH3, t0 ; Cu(OH)2/ dd NaOH,t0 ; NaOH t0 ; CH3COOH (xt H2SO4 c, t0) ; CH3OH (xt H2SO4 c, t0 ) ; NaHCO3 . Cht Y tc dng c vi bao nhiu cht ? A. 6 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu41. Cho cc cht sau : CH3-COOCH=CH2 ; CH2=CH-Cl ; CH3-CHCl2 ; CH3-CCl3 ; (CH3COO)2CHCH3 ; CH3COOCH=CH-CH3. Hy cho bit c bao nhiu cht khi un nng vi dung dch NaOH thu c mui v anehit ? A. 5 B. 6 C. 4 D. 3 Cu42. Thy phn hon ton hn hp X gm 2 este n chc cn dng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c 8,2 gam mui duy nht v 4,04 gam hn hp 2 ancol l ng ng lin tip nhau. Cng thc cu to ca 2 este l: A. HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5 B. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 C. C2H3COOCH3 v C2H3COOC2H5 D. HCOOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7 Cu43. C cc cht lng sau: Triolein, axit axetic, ancol etylic, benzen. Ha cht no sau y c th s dng nhn bit cc cht . A. dd NaOH v CaCl2 B. dd Na2CO3 v dd NaOH C. dd H2SO4 v dd NaOH D. dd NaOH v Cu(OH)2. Cu44. Este X c cng thc phn t l C4H8O2. un nng X trong dung dch NaOH thu c mui X1 v ancol X2. Oxi ha X2 thu c cht hu c X3. X3 khng c phn ng trng gng. Vy tn gi ca X l : A. metyl propionat B. etyl axetat C. n-propyl fomiat D. isopropyl fomiat.

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Hong Th Minh Ngc

Cu45. Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H8O2, khi thy phn trong mi trng axit thu c ru Y. Oxi ha ru Y thnh anehit Y1 sau cho Y1 tham gia phn ng trng gng thu c s mol Ag gp 4 ln s mol Y1. Vy tn gi ca este l : A. metyl propionat B. etyl axetat C. n-propyl fomiat D. isoproyl fomiat. Cu46. Hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c n chc. Cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va 0,1 mol NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 7,36 gam hn hp mui v ancol Y. Oxi ha hon ton ancol Y bng CuO thu c anehit. Cho ton b lng anehit tc dng vi Ag2O/ NH3 thu c 25,92 gam Ag. Xc nh cng thc ca 2 cht trong hn hp X. A. CH3COOH v HCOOC2H5. B. CH3COOH v HCOOCH3 C. CH3COOCH3v CH3COOC3H7 D. HCOOH v CH3COOCH3. Cu47. un nng 10 gam este X n chc vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M (ly d). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c cht rn G c khi lng 17,4g v mt ancol Y. hirat ha Y thu c 2,24 lt anken. (Hiu sut tch nc t 100%). Vy cng thc ca X l: A. CH3COOC2H5 B. CH2=CH-COOC2H5 C. HCOOCH2-CH2CH3 D. HCOOCH2-CH3 Cu48. Cho 4,6 gam ancol X tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,12 lt H2. Cho 9,0 gam axit hu c Y tc dng vi Na d thu c 1,68 lt H2. un nng hn hp X gm 4,6 gam ancol X v 9 gam axit Y ( xt H2SO4 c,t0 ) thu c 6,6 gam este E. t chy hon ton E thu c CO2 v nc theo t l mol l 1: 1. Xc nh hiu sut phn ng to thnh este. A. 50% B. 60% C. 75% D. 80% Cu49. Este X cu to t ancol X1 n chc v axit X2 a chc c cng thc n gin l C2H3O2. Hy cho bit c bao nhiu cht tho mn ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu50.un nng 0,1 mol cht X ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng va vi NaOH trong dd thu c 13,4 gam mui ca axit hu c Y mch thng v 9,2 gam ancol n chc. Cho ton b lng ancol tc dng vi Na thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Xc nh CTCT ca X. A. ietyl oxalat B. Etyl propionat C. ietyl aipat D. imetyl oxalat. Cu51. Thy phn hon ton 0,1 mol este E (mch h v ch cha mt loi nhm chc) cn dng va 100 ml dung dch NaOH 3M, thu c 24,6 gam mui ca mt axit hu c v 9,2 gam mt ancol. Cng thc ca E l : A. C3H5(COOC2H5)3 B. (HCOO)3C3H5 C. (CH3COO)3C3H5 D. (CH2=CH-COO)3C3H5 Cu52. Ngi ta iu ch etyl axetat t xenluloz theo s sau: xenluloz glucoz ancol etylic axit axetic etyl axetat. Tnh khi lng xenluloz cn dng c th iu ch c 1 mol etyl axetat. Bit hiu sut chung ca qu trnh t 40%. A. 405 gam B. 202,5 gam C. 162 gam D. 506,25 gam Cu53. Cho s sau : C4H7ClO2 + NaOH mui X + Y + NaCl. Bit rng c X, Y u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 . Vy cng thc cu to ca cht c cng thc phn t C4H7ClO2 l : A. Cl-CH2-COOCH=CH2 B. CH3COO-CHCl-CH3 C. HCOOCH2-CH2-CH2Cl D. HCOO-CH2-CHCl-CH3 Cu54. Nhng cht no sau y tc dng vi ancol etylic (xt H2SO4 c) to thnh este? A. axit phenic, axit benzoic; axit axetic. B. axit picric, axit benzoic; axit axetic. C. axit benzoic; axit axetic v axit aipic D. axit picric; axit axetic v axit aipic. Cu55. Cho cc cht sau: (1) CH3-CO-O-C2H5; (2) CH2=CH-CO-O-CH3 ; (3) C6H5-CO-OCH=CH2; (4) CH2=C(CH3)-O-CO-CH3 (5) C6H5O-CO-CH3 (6) CH3-CO-O-CH2-C6H5. Hy cho bit cht no khi cho tc dng vi NaOH un nng thu c khng thu c ancol? A. (1) (2) (3) (4) B. (3) (4) (5) C. (1) (3) (4) (6) D. (3) (4) (5) (6).

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Hong Th Minh Ngc

Cu56. Cht no sau y tc dng vi NaOH thu c mui c khi lng ln nht? A. CH3COOCH2-C6H5 B. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 C. HCOOC6H5 D. C2H5COO-CH=CH-CH3 Cu57. Cht hu c X mch h, phn nhnh c cha C, H, Br. MX = 135. Thy phn X trong dung dch NaOH un nng thu c anehit Y. Vy cng thc cu to ca X l: A. CH2=C(CH3) -CHBr2 B. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH-Br C. Br-CH=C(CH3)2 D. Br2CH-CH=C(CH3)2 Cu58. Cho s phn ng sau: C4H6O2Cl2 + dd NaOH d(t0) mui ca axit X (n chc) + H2O + NaCl. CTCT ca mui l: A. CH3COONa B. HCOONa C. HO-CH2- COONa D. C2H3COONa. Cu59. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol este n chc X cn 0,5 mol O2 thu c 8,96 lt CO2 v b mol H2O. a/ Vy s mol H2O thu c l : A. 0,3 mol B. 0,35 mol C. 0,2 mol D. 0,4 mol b/ un nng 0,1 mol X vi 200 ml dd NaOH 1M , c cn dd sau phn ng thu c 12,2 gam cht rn khan. Vy cng thc ca X l : A. CH3COOCH3 B. CH2=CH-COOCH3 C. CH3COOC2H5 D. CH3CH2COOCH3 Cu60. Este X to t hn hp 2 axit n chc X1, X2 v glixerol. un nng X vi dung dch NaOH thu c 9,2 gam glixerol v 15 gam hn hp 2 mui. Hy cho bit cng thc ca 2 axit . A. HCOOH v CH3COOH B. HCOOH v C2H5COOH C. CH3COOH v C2H3COOH D. HCOOH v C2H3COOH. Cu61. Este X n chc tc dng vi NaOH un nng thu c mui Y c cng thc phn t l C3H5O2Na v ru Y1. Oxi ha Y1 bng CuO nung nng thu c anehit Y2. Y2 tc dng vi Ag2O d, un nng thu c s mol Ag gp 4 ln s mol Y2. Vy tn gi ca X l : A. Etyl propionat B. metyl propionat C. metyl axetat D. propyl propionat. Cu62. un nng hn hp X gm 2 este n chc vi NaOH thu c 7,36 gam hn hp 2 mui ca 2 axit k tip nhau trong dy ng ng v 3,76 gam hn hp 2 ancol k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Vy 2 este l : A. HCOOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 B. CH3COOCH3 v HCOOC2H5 C. CH3COOC2H5 v C2H5COOCH3 D.HCOOC3H7 v CH3COOC2H5 Cu63. Este X c cng thc phn t l C5H8O2. un nng 0,1 mol X vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 13,4 gam cht rn khan. Vy cng thc ca este l : A. CH3COO-CH2-CH=CH2 B. CH2=CH-COOC2H5 C. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 D. HCOOCH=C(CH3)2. Cu64. Este X c cng thc phn t C7H10O4 mch thng. Khi cho 15,8 gam X tc dng va vi 200 gam dd NaOH 4% th thu c mt ancol Y v 17,6 gam hn hp 2 mui. Cng thc cu to ca 2 mui no sau y c th tha mn : A. C2H3COONa v C2H5COONa B. CH3COONa v C2H3COONa C. CH3COONa v C3H5COONa D. HCOONa v C2H3COONa

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