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A presentation given at the 10th International Symposium of Measurement Technology and Intelligent Instruments KAIST, Daejeon, Korea 01 July 2011
Byron Knapp
bknapp@airbearings.com Professional Instruments Company 7800 Powell Road Hopkins, Minnesota, USA
Some potential advantages of oil hydrostatic bearings (compared to rolling element bearings): lower error motions high damping no wear
oil hydrostatic
K Wasson. A Comparison of rolling element and hydrostatic bearing spindles for precision machine tool applications. Proceedings of ASPE Conference Precision Bearings and Spindles. June 2007.
Background
Hale, L, Donaldson, R, Edson, S, and R Thigpen. Hydrostatic bearings designed for POGAL. Proceedings of ASPE Conference Precision Bearings and Spindles. June 2007.
Design
H style uses basic geometric elements with separated axial and radial bearings. Bi-conic design offers several potential advantages: high bearing efficiency (load capacity for a given volume) high structural stiffness balance of radial, axial and tilt load capacities design simplicity
bi-conic rotor
Design
Kane, NR, Sihler, J. and AH Slocum. A hydrostatic rotary bearing with angled Design surface self-compensation. Precision Engineering, 2003;27(2): 125-139.
20 m oil films
Design
Design
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Metrology
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Metrology
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ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M-2010. Axes of Rotation: Methods for Specifying and Testing. ASME: New York (2010).
Metrology
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Radial motions
Pure radial degrees of freedom as a function of in the X and Y directions.
ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M-2010. Axes of Rotation: Methods for Specifying and Testing. ASME: New York (2010).
Metrology
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Tilt motions
Angular degrees of freedom as a function of about the X and Y axes.
ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M-2010. Axes of Rotation: Methods for Specifying and Testing. ASME: New York (2010).
Metrology
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Axial motion
One degree of freedom as a function of in the Z direction.
ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M-2010. Axes of Rotation: Methods for Specifying and Testing. ASME: New York (2010).
Metrology
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ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M-2010. Axes of Rotation: Methods for Specifying and Testing. ASME: New York (2010).
Metrology
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ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M-2010. Axes of Rotation: Methods for Specifying and Testing. ASME: New York (2010).
Metrology
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ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M-2010. Axes of Rotation: Methods for Specifying and Testing. ASME: New York (2010).
Metrology
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Ball: 9 nm
Spindle: 8 nm
Metrology
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Reversal
Reversal techniques are theoretically the simplest way to remove artifact error. Donaldson reversal for radial motion measurements; Estler reversal for face measurements.
Both require exact artifact reversal. Potential errors from debris, handling, and remounting.
Metrology
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Multiprobe method
Sensor orientation angles affect harmonic suppression.
Asymmetric orientated measurements reduce harmonic suppression. Orientation angles of 0.000, 99.844, and 202.500 give good separation results to 225 UPR.
E Marsh. Precision Spindle Metrology. 2nd Edition. Destech Publications: Lancaster, PA (2010).
Metrology
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Lapped master
25 mm diameter ball of monolithic design for uniform circular stiffness.
Provision for balancing. Flat mounting flange with six mounting screws. Out-of-roundness is 9 nm as measured with a capacitive sensor and 150 UPR filter.
Metrology
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toroidal pilot
Metrology
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Metrology
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Metrology
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Metrology
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Metrology
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Machining results
Retrofit workhead of CNC cylindrical grinder (Parker Liberty) : Hardened 440C test piece, 75 mm diameter Better than 0.25 m out-of-roundness
0.22 m
Metrology
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Conclusions
Design and metrology techniques of an ultra-
Conclusions
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Contact information:
Byron Knapp
bknapp@airbearings.com Professional Instruments Company Hopkins, Minnesota, USA
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Bonus features.
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Grinding wheelhead
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Goals: demonstrate advantages of precision hydrostatic spindle retrofitted into a standard lathe for hard turning.
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Bonus
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