Quc hi

Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam

c lp - T do - Hnh phc
Lut s: 33/2005/QH11

nc cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam

Quc hi

Kho XI, k hp th 7 (T ng y 05 thng 5 n ng y 14 thng 6 nm 2005)

B lut dn s
Cn c v o Hin php nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam nm 1992 c sa i, b sung theo Ngh quyt s 51/2001/QH10 ng y 25 thng 12 nm 2001 ca Quc hi kho X, k hp th 10; B lut n y quy nh v dn s.
PHN TH NHt NHNG QUY NH CHUNG

Chng I
nhim v v hiu lc ca B lut dn s

iu 1. Nhim v v phm vi iu chnh ca B lut dn s B lut dn s quy nh a v php l, chun mc php l cho cch ng x ca c nhn, php nhn, ch th khc; quyn, ngha v ca cc ch th v nhn thn v t i sn trong cc quan h dn s, hn nhn v gia nh, kinh doanh, thng mi, lao ng (sau y gi chung l quan h dn s). B lut dn s c nhim v bo v quyn, li ch hp php ca c nhn, t chc, li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng; bo m s bnh ng v an to n php l trong quan h dn s, gp phn to iu kin p ng nhu cu vt cht v tinh thn ca nhn dn, thc y s pht trin kinh t - x hi. iu 2. Hiu lc ca B lut dn s 1. B lut dn s c p dng i vi quan h dn s c xc lp t ng y B lut n y c hiu lc, tr trng hp c B lut n y hoc ngh quyt ca Quc hi c quy nh khc. 2. B lut dn s c p dng trn l nh th nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. 3. B lut dn s c p dng i vi quan h dn s c yu t nc ngo i,

tr trng hp iu c quc t m Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l th nh vin c quy nh khc. iu 3. p dng tp qun, quy nh tng t ca php lut Trong trng hp php lut khng quy nh v cc bn khng c tho thun th c th p dng tp qun; nu khng c tp qun th p dng quy nh tng t ca php lut. Tp qun v quy nh tng t ca php lut khng c tri vi nhng nguyn tc quy nh trong B lut n y. Chng II
NHNG NGUYN TC C BN

iu 4. Nguyn tc t do, t nguyn cam kt, tho thun Quyn t do cam kt, tho thun trong vic xc lp quyn, ngha v dn s c php lut bo m, nu cam kt, tho thun khng vi phm iu cm ca php lut, khng tri o c x hi. Trong quan h dn s, cc bn ho n to n t nguyn, khng bn n o c p t, cm on, cng p, e do, ngn cn bn n o. Cam kt, tho thun hp php c hiu lc bt buc thc hin i vi cc bn v phi c c nhn, php nhn, ch th khc tn trng. iu 5. Nguyn tc bnh ng Trong quan h dn s, cc bn u bnh ng, khng c ly l do khc bit v dn tc, gii tnh, th nh phn x hi, ho n cnh kinh t, tn ngng, tn gio, trnh vn ho, ngh nghip i x khng bnh ng vi nhau. iu 6. Nguyn tc thin ch, trung thc Trong quan h dn s, cc bn phi thin ch, trung thc trong vic xc lp, thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s, khng bn n o c la di bn n o. iu 7. Nguyn tc chu trch nhim dn s Cc bn phi nghim chnh thc hin ngha v dn s ca mnh v t chu trch nhim v vic khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v, nu khng t nguyn thc hin th c th b cng ch thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 8. Nguyn tc tn trng o c, truyn thng tt p Vic xc lp, thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s phi bo m gi gn bn sc dn tc, tn trng v pht huy phong tc, tp qun, truyn thng tt p, tnh o n kt, tng thn, tng i, mi ngi v cng ng, cng ng v mi ngi v cc gi tr o c cao p ca cc dn tc cng sinh sng trn t nc Vit Nam. ng b o cc dn tc thiu s c to iu kin thun li trong quan h dn s tng bc nng cao i sng vt cht v tinh thn ca mnh. Vic gip ngi gi , tr em, ngi t n tt trong vic thc hin quyn,

ngha v dn s c khuyn khch. iu 9. Nguyn tc tn trng, bo v quyn dn s 1. Tt c cc quyn dn s ca c nhn, php nhn, ch th khc c tn trng v c php lut bo v. 2. Khi quyn dn s ca mt ch th b xm phm th ch th c quyn t bo v theo quy nh ca B lut n y hoc yu cu c quan, t chc c thm quyn: a) Cng nhn quyn dn s ca mnh; b) Buc chm dt h nh vi vi phm; c) Buc xin li, ci chnh cng khai; d) Buc thc hin ngha v dn s; ) Buc bi thng thit hi. iu 10. Nguyn tc tn trng li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc Vic xc lp, thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s khng c xm phm n li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 11. Nguyn tc tun th php lut Vic xc lp, thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s phi tun theo quy nh ca B lut n y v quy nh khc ca php lut. iu 12. Nguyn tc ho gii Trong quan h dn s, vic ho gii gia cc bn ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut c khuyn khch. Khng ai c dng v lc hoc e da dng v lc khi tham gia quan h dn s, gii quyt cc tranh chp dn s. iu 13. Cn c xc lp quyn, ngha v dn s Quyn, ngha v dn s c xc lp t cc cn c sau y: 1. Giao dch dn s hp php; 2. Quyt nh ca To n, c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc; 3. S kin php l do php lut quy nh; 4. Sng to gi tr tinh thn l i tng thuc quyn s hu tr tu; 5. Chim hu t i sn c cn c php lut; 6. Gy thit hi do h nh vi tri php lut; 7. Thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn; 8. Chim hu, s dng t i sn, c li v t i sn khng c cn c php lut; 9. Nhng cn c khc do php lut quy nh.

Chng III
C NHN Mc 1 NNG LC PHP LUT DN S, NNG LC HNH VI DN S CA C NHN

iu 14. Nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn 1. Nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn l kh nng ca c nhn c quyn dn s v ngha v dn s. 2. Mi c nhn u c nng lc php lut dn s nh nhau. 3. Nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn c t khi ngi sinh ra v chm dt khi ngi cht. iu 15. Ni dung nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn C nhn c cc quyn, ngha v dn s sau y: 1. Quyn nhn thn khng gn vi t i sn v quyn nhn thn gn vi t i sn; 2. Quyn s hu, quyn tha k v cc quyn khc i vi t i sn; 3. Quyn tham gia quan h dn s v c ngha v pht sinh t quan h . iu 16. Khng hn ch nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn Nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn khng b hn ch, tr trng hp do php lut quy nh. iu 17. Nng lc h nh vi dn s ca c nhn Nng lc h nh vi dn s ca c nhn l kh nng ca c nhn bng h nh vi ca mnh xc lp, thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s. iu 18. Ngi th nh nin, ngi cha th nh nin Ngi t mi tm tui tr ln l ngi th nh nin. Ngi cha mi tm tui l ngi cha th nh nin. iu 19. Nng lc h nh vi dn s ca ngi th nh nin Ngi th nh nin c nng lc h nh vi dn s y , tr trng hp quy nh ti iu 22 v iu 23 ca B lut n y. iu 20. Nng lc h nh vi dn s ca ngi cha th nh nin t su tui n cha mi tm tui 1. Ngi t su tui n cha mi tm tui khi xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s phi c ngi i din theo php lut ng , tr giao dch nhm phc v nhu cu sinh hot h ng ng y ph hp vi la tui hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Trong trng hp ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui c

t i sn ring bo m thc hin ngha v th c th t mnh xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s m khng cn phi c s ng ca ngi i din theo php lut, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 21. Ngi khng c nng lc h nh vi dn s Ngi cha su tui khng c nng lc h nh vi dn s. Giao dch dn s ca ngi cha su tui phi do ngi i din theo php lut xc lp, thc hin. iu 22. Mt nng lc h nh vi dn s 1. Khi mt ngi do b bnh tm thn hoc mc bnh khc m khng th nhn thc, l m ch c h nh vi ca mnh th theo yu cu ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, To n ra quyt nh tuyn b mt nng lc h nh vi dn s trn c s kt lun ca t chc gim nh. Khi khng cn cn c tuyn b mt ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s th theo yu cu ca chnh ngi hoc ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, To n ra quyt nh hu b quyt nh tuyn b mt nng lc h nh vi dn s. 2. Giao dch dn s ca ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s phi do ngi i din theo php lut xc lp, thc hin. iu 23. Hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s 1. Ngi nghin ma tu, nghin cc cht kch thch khc dn n ph tn t i sn ca gia nh th theo yu cu ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, c quan, t chc hu quan, To n c th ra quyt nh tuyn b l ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s. 2. Ngi i din theo php lut ca ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s v phm vi i din do To n quyt nh. Giao dch dn s lin quan n t i sn ca ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s phi c s ng ca ngi i din theo php lut, tr giao dch nhm phc v nhu cu sinh hot h ng ng y. 3. Khi khng cn cn c tuyn b mt ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s th theo yu cu ca chnh ngi hoc ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, c quan, t chc hu quan, To n ra quyt nh hu b quyt nh tuyn b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s.
Mc 2 QUYN NHN THN

iu 24. Quyn nhn thn Quyn nhn thn c quy nh trong B lut n y l quyn dn s gn lin vi mi c nhn, khng th chuyn giao cho ngi khc, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 25. Bo v quyn nhn thn Khi quyn nhn thn ca c nhn b xm phm th ngi c quyn:

1. T mnh ci chnh; 2. Yu cu ngi vi phm hoc yu cu c quan, t chc c thm quyn buc ngi vi phm chm dt h nh vi vi phm, xin li, ci chnh cng khai; 3. Yu cu ngi vi phm hoc yu cu c quan, t chc c thm quyn buc ngi vi phm bi thng thit hi. iu 26. Quyn i vi h, tn 1. C nhn c quyn c h, tn. H, tn ca mt ngi c xc nh theo h, tn khai sinh ca ngi . 2. C nhn xc lp, thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s theo h, tn ca mnh c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cng nhn. 3. Vic s dng b danh, bt danh khng c gy thit hi n quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 27. Quyn thay i h, tn 1. C nhn c quyn yu cu c quan nh nc c thm quyn cng nhn vic thay i h, tn trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Theo yu cu ca ngi c h, tn m vic s dng h, tn gy nhm ln, nh hng n tnh cm gia nh, n danh d, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi ; b) Theo yu cu ca cha nui, m nui v vic thay i h, tn cho con nui hoc khi ngi con nui thi khng l m con nui v ngi n y hoc cha , m yu cu ly li h, tn m cha , m t; c) Theo yu cu ca cha , m hoc ngi con khi xc nh cha, m cho con; d) Thay i h cho con t h ca cha sang h ca m hoc ngc li; ) Thay i h, tn ca ngi b lu lc tm ra ngun gc huyt thng ca mnh; e) Thay i h, tn ca ngi c xc nh li gii tnh; g) Cc trng hp khc do php lut v h tch quy nh. 2. Vic thay i h, tn cho ngi t chn tui tr ln phi c s ng ca ngi . 3. Vic thay i h, tn ca c nhn khng l m thay i, chm dt quyn, ngha v dn s c xc lp theo h, tn c. iu 28. Quyn xc nh dn tc 1. C nhn khi sinh ra c xc nh dn tc theo dn tc ca cha , m . Trong trng hp cha v m thuc hai dn tc khc nhau th dn tc ca ngi con c xc nh l dn tc ca cha hoc dn tc ca m theo tp qun hoc theo tho thun ca cha , m . 2. Ngi th nh nin, cha v m hoc ngi gim h ca ngi cha th nh nin c quyn yu cu c quan nh nc c thm quyn xc nh li dn tc

trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Xc nh li theo dn tc ca cha hoc m , nu cha , m thuc hai dn tc khc nhau; b) Xc nh li theo dn tc ca cha , m trong trng hp l m con nui ca ngi thuc dn tc khc m c xc nh theo dn tc ca cha nui, m nui do khng bit cha , m l ai. 3. Trong trng hp cha , m hoc ngi gim h ca ngi cha th nh nin yu cu xc nh li dn tc cho ngi cha th nh nin t mi lm tui tr ln theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y th phi c s ng ca ngi cha th nh nin . iu 29. Quyn c khai sinh C nhn khi sinh ra c quyn c khai sinh. iu 30. Quyn c khai t 1. Khi c ngi cht th ngi thn thch, ch nh hoc c quan, t chc ni c ngi cht phi khai t cho ngi . 2. Tr s sinh, nu cht sau khi sinh th phi c khai sinh v khai t; nu cht trc khi sinh hoc sinh ra m cht ngay th khng phi khai sinh v khai t. iu 31. Quyn ca c nhn i vi hnh nh 1. C nhn c quyn i vi hnh nh ca mnh. 2. Vic s dng hnh nh ca c nhn phi c ngi ng ; trong trng hp ngi cht, mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, cha mi lm tui th phi c cha, m, v, chng, con th nh nin hoc ngi i din ca ngi ng , tr trng hp v li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 3. Nghim cm vic s dng hnh nh ca ngi khc m xm phm danh d, nhn phm, uy tn ca ngi c hnh nh. iu 32. Quyn c bo m an to n v tnh mng, sc kho, thn th 1. C nhn c quyn c bo m an to n v tnh mng, sc kho, thn th. 2. Khi pht hin ngi b tai nn, bnh tt m tnh mng b e da th ngi pht hin c trch nhim a n c s y t; c s y t khng c t chi vic cu cha m phi tn dng mi phng tin, kh nng hin c cu cha. 3. Vic thc hin phng php cha bnh mi trn c th mt ngi, vic gy m, m, ct b, cy ghp b phn ca c th phi c s ng ca ngi ; nu ngi cha th nh nin, mt nng lc h nh vi dn s hoc l bnh nhn bt tnh th phi c cha, m, v, chng, con th nh nin hoc ngi gim h ca ngi ng ; trong trng hp c nguy c e da n tnh mng ca bnh nhn m khng ch c kin ca nhng ngi trn th phi c quyt nh ca ngi ng u c s y t. 4. Vic m t thi c thc hin trong cc trng hp sau y:

a) C s ng ca ngi qu c trc khi ngi cht; b) C s ng ca cha, m, v, chng, con th nh nin hoc ngi gim h khi khng c kin ca ngi qu c trc khi ngi cht; c) Theo quyt nh ca t chc y t, c quan nh nc c thm quyn trong trng hp cn thit. iu 33. Quyn hin b phn c th C nhn c quyn c hin b phn c th ca mnh v mc ch cha bnh cho ngi khc hoc nghin cu khoa hc. Vic hin v s dng b phn c th c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 34. Quyn hin xc, b phn c th sau khi cht C nhn c quyn hin xc, b phn c th ca mnh sau khi cht v mc ch cha bnh cho ngi khc hoc nghin cu khoa hc. Vic hin v s dng xc, b phn c th ca ngi cht c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 35. Quyn nhn b phn c th ngi C nhn c quyn nhn b phn c th ca ngi khc cha bnh cho mnh. Nghim cm vic nhn, s dng b phn c th ca ngi khc v mc ch thng mi. iu 36. Quyn xc nh li gii tnh C nhn c quyn c xc nh li gii tnh. Vic xc nh li gii tnh ca mt ngi c thc hin trong trng hp gii tnh ca ngi b khuyt tt bm sinh hoc cha nh hnh chnh xc m cn c s can thip ca y hc nhm xc nh r v gii tnh. Vic xc nh li gii tnh c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 37. Quyn c bo v danh d, nhn phm, uy tn Danh d, nhn phm, uy tn ca c nhn c tn trng v c php lut bo v. iu 38. Quyn b mt i t 1. Quyn b mt i t ca c nhn c tn trng v c php lut bo v. 2. Vic thu thp, cng b thng tin, t liu v i t ca c nhn phi c ngi ng ; trong trng hp ngi cht, mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, cha mi lm tui th phi c cha, m, v, chng, con th nh nin hoc ngi i din ca ngi ng , tr trng hp thu thp, cng b thng tin, t liu theo quyt nh ca c quan, t chc c thm quyn. 3. Th tn, in thoi, in tn, cc hnh thc thng tin in t khc ca c nhn c bo m an to n v b mt.

Vic kim sot th tn, in thoi, in tn, cc hnh thc thng tin in t khc ca c nhn c thc hin trong trng hp php lut c quy nh v phi c quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. iu 39. Quyn kt hn Nam, n c iu kin kt hn theo quy nh ca php lut v hn nhn v gia nh c quyn t do kt hn. Vic t do kt hn gia nhng ngi thuc cc dn tc, tn gio khc nhau, gia nhng ngi theo tn gio v khng theo tn gio, gia cng dn Vit Nam vi ngi nc ngo i c tn trng v c php lut bo v. iu 40. Quyn bnh ng ca v chng V, chng bnh ng vi nhau, c quyn, ngha v ngang nhau v mi mt trong gia nh v trong quan h dn s, cng nhau xy dng gia nh no m, bnh ng, tin b, hnh phc, bn vng. iu 41. Quyn c hng s chm sc gia cc th nh vin trong gia nh Cc th nh vin trong gia nh c quyn c hng s chm sc, gip nhau ph hp vi truyn thng o c tt p ca gia nh Vit Nam. Con, chu cha th nh nin c hng s chm sc, nui dng ca cha m, ng b ; con, chu c bn phn knh trng, chm sc v phng dng cha m, ng b . iu 42. Quyn ly hn V, chng hoc c hai ngi c quyn yu cu To n gii quyt vic ly hn. iu 43. Quyn nhn, khng nhn cha, m, con 1. Ngi khng c nhn l cha, m hoc l con ca ngi khc c quyn yu cu c quan nh nc c thm quyn xc nh mnh l cha, m hoc l con ca ngi . 2. Ngi c nhn l cha, m hoc l con ca ngi khc c quyn yu cu c quan nh nc c thm quyn xc nh mnh khng phi l cha, m hoc l con ca ngi . iu 44. Quyn c nui con nui v quyn c nhn l m con nui Quyn c nui con nui v quyn c nhn l m con nui ca c nhn c php lut cng nhn v bo h. Vic nhn con nui v c nhn l m con nui c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 45. Quyn i vi quc tch C nhn c quyn c quc tch. Vic cng nhn, thay i, nhp quc tch, thi quc tch Vit Nam c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut v quc tch.

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iu 46. Quyn bt kh xm phm v ch C nhn c quyn bt kh xm phm v ch . Vic v o ch ca mt ngi phi c ngi ng . Ch trong trng hp c php lut quy nh v phi c quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn mi c tin h nh khm xt ch ca mt ngi; vic khm xt phi theo trnh t, th tc do php lut quy nh. iu 47. Quyn t do tn ngng, tn gio 1. C nhn c quyn t do tn ngng, tn gio, theo hoc khng theo mt tn gio n o. 2. Khng ai c xm phm t do tn ngng, tn gio hoc li dng tn ngng, tn gio xm phm li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 48. Quyn t do i li, t do c tr 1. C nhn c quyn t do i li, t do c tr. 2. Quyn t do i li, t do c tr ca c nhn ch c th b hn ch theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn v theo trnh t, th tc do php lut quy nh. iu 49. Quyn lao ng C nhn c quyn lao ng. Mi ngi u c quyn l m vic, t do la chn vic l m, ngh nghip, khng b phn bit i x v dn tc, gii tnh, th nh phn x hi, tn ngng, tn gio. iu 50. Quyn t do kinh doanh Quyn t do kinh doanh ca c nhn c tn trng v c php lut bo v. C nhn c quyn la chn hnh thc, lnh vc, ng nh ngh kinh doanh, lp doanh nghip, t do giao kt hp ng, thu lao ng v cc quyn khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut. iu 51. Quyn t do nghin cu, sng to 1. C nhn c quyn t do nghin cu khoa hc - k thut, pht minh, sng ch, sng kin ci tin k thut, hp l ho sn xut, sng tc, ph bnh vn hc, ngh thut v tham gia cc hot ng nghin cu, sng to khc. 2. Quyn t do nghin cu, sng to c tn trng v c php lut bo v. Khng ai c cn tr, hn ch quyn t do nghin cu, sng to ca c nhn.
Mc 3 Ni c tr

iu 52. Ni c tr 1. Ni c tr ca c nhn l ni ngi thng xuyn sinh sng.

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2. Trng hp khng xc nh c ni c tr ca c nhn theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y th ni c tr l ni ngi ang sinh sng. iu 53. Ni c tr ca ngi cha th nh nin 1. Ni c tr ca ngi cha th nh nin l ni c tr ca cha, m; nu cha, m c ni c tr khc nhau th ni c tr ca ngi cha th nh nin l ni c tr ca cha hoc m m ngi cha th nh nin thng xuyn chung sng. 2. Ngi cha th nh nin c th c ni c tr khc vi ni c tr ca cha, m nu c cha, m ng hoc php lut c quy nh. iu 54. Ni c tr ca ngi c gim h 1. Ni c tr ca ngi c gim h l ni c tr ca ngi gim h. 2. Ngi c gim h c th c ni c tr khc vi ni c tr ca ngi gim h nu c ngi gim h ng hoc php lut c quy nh. iu 55. Ni c tr ca v, chng 1. Ni c tr ca v, chng l ni v, chng thng xuyn chung sng. 2. V, chng c th c ni c tr khc nhau nu c tho thun. iu 56. Ni c tr ca qun nhn 1. Ni c tr ca qun nhn ang l m ngha v qun s l ni n v ca qun nhn ng qun. 2. Ni c tr ca s quan qun i, qun nhn chuyn nghip, cng nhn, vin chc quc phng l ni n v ca nhng ngi ng qun, tr trng hp h c ni c tr theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu 52 ca B lut n y. iu 57. Ni c tr ca ngi l m ngh lu ng Ni c tr ca ngi l m ngh lu ng trn t u, thuyn, phng tin h nh ngh lu ng khc l ni ng k t u, thuyn, phng tin , tr trng hp h c ni c tr theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu 52 ca B lut n y.
Mc 4 GIM H

iu 58. Gim h 1. Gim h l vic c nhn, t chc (sau y gi chung l ngi gim h) c php lut quy nh hoc c c thc hin vic chm sc v bo v quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi cha th nh nin, ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s (sau y gi chung l ngi c gim h). 2. Ngi c gim h bao gm: a) Ngi cha th nh nin khng cn cha, m, khng xc nh c cha, m hoc cha, m u mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s, b To n hn ch quyn ca cha, m hoc cha, m khng c iu kin chm sc, gio dc ngi cha th nh nin v nu cha, m c yu cu;

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b) Ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s. 3. Ngi cha mi lm tui c quy nh ti im a khon 2 iu n y v ngi c quy nh ti im b khon 2 iu n y phi c ngi gim h. 4. Mt ngi c th gim h cho nhiu ngi, nhng mt ngi ch c th c mt ngi gim h, tr trng hp ngi gim h l cha, m hoc ng, b theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu 61 hoc khon 3 iu 62 ca B lut n y. iu 59. Gim st vic gim h 1. Ngi thn thch ca ngi c gim h c trch nhim c ngi i din l m ngi gim st vic gim h theo di, n c, kim tra ngi gim h trong vic thc hin gim h, xem xt, gii quyt kp thi nhng ngh, kin ngh ca ngi gim h lin quan n vic gim h. Ngi thn thch ca ngi c gim h l v, chng, cha, m, con ca ngi c gim h; nu khng c ai trong s nhng ngi n y th ngi thn thch ca ngi c gim h l ng, b , anh rut, ch rut, em rut ca ngi c gim h; nu cng khng c ai trong s nhng ngi n y th ngi thn thch ca ngi c gim h l bc, ch, cu, c, d ca ngi c gim h. 2. Trong trng hp khng c ngi thn thch ca ngi c gim h hoc nhng ngi thn thch khng c c ngi gim st vic gim h theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y th U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn ni c tr ca ngi gim h c ngi gim st vic gim h. 3. Ngi gim st vic gim h phi l ngi c nng lc h nh vi dn s y . iu 60. iu kin ca c nhn l m ngi gim h C nhn c cc iu kin sau y c th l m ngi gim h: 1. C nng lc h nh vi dn s y ; 2. C t cch o c tt; khng phi l ngi ang b truy cu trch nhim hnh s hoc ngi b kt n nhng cha c xo n tch v mt trong cc ti c xm phm tnh mng, sc kho, danh d, nhn phm, t i sn ca ngi khc; 3. C iu kin cn thit bo m thc hin vic gim h. iu 61. Ngi gim h ng nhin ca ngi cha th nh nin Ngi gim h ng nhin ca ngi cha th nh nin m khng cn c cha v m, khng xc nh c cha, m hoc c cha v m u mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s, b To n hn ch quyn ca cha, m hoc cha, m khng c iu kin chm sc, gio dc ngi cha th nh nin v nu cha, m c yu cu, c xc nh nh sau: 1. Trong trng hp anh rut, ch rut khng c tho thun khc th anh c hoc ch c l ngi gim h ca em cha th nh nin; nu anh c hoc ch c khng c iu kin l m ngi gim h th anh, ch tip theo l ngi gim h; 2. Trong trng hp khng c anh rut, ch rut hoc anh rut, ch rut khng c iu kin l m ngi gim h th ng ni, b ni, ng ngoi, b ngoi

13

l ngi gim h; nu khng c ai trong s nhng ngi thn thch n y c iu kin l m ngi gim h th bc, ch, cu, c, d l ngi gim h. iu 62. Ngi gim h ng nhin ca ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s 1. Trong trng hp v mt nng lc h nh vi dn s th chng l ngi gim h; nu chng mt nng lc h nh vi dn s th v l ngi gim h. 2. Trong trng hp cha v m u mt nng lc h nh vi dn s hoc mt ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, cn ngi kia khng c iu kin l m ngi gim h th ngi con c l ngi gim h; nu ngi con c khng c iu kin l m ngi gim h th ngi con tip theo l ngi gim h. 3. Trong trng hp ngi th nh nin mt nng lc h nh vi dn s cha c v, chng, con hoc c m v, chng, con u khng c iu kin l m ngi gim h th cha, m l ngi gim h. iu 63. C ngi gim h Trong trng hp ngi cha th nh nin, ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s khng c ngi gim h ng nhin theo quy nh ti iu 61 v iu 62 ca B lut n y th U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn ni c tr ca ngi c gim h c trch nhim c ngi gim h hoc ngh mt t chc m nhn vic gim h. iu 64. Th tc c ngi gim h 1. Vic c ngi gim h phi c lp th nh vn bn, trong ghi r l do c ngi gim h, quyn, ngha v c th ca ngi gim h, tnh trng t i sn ca ngi c gim h. 2. Vic c ngi gim h phi c s ng ca ngi c c l m ngi gim h. iu 65. Ngha v ca ngi gim h i vi ngi c gim h cha mi lm tui Ngi gim h ca ngi cha mi lm tui c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Chm sc, gio dc ngi c gim h; 2. i din cho ngi c gim h trong cc giao dch dn s, tr trng hp php lut quy nh ngi cha mi lm tui c th t mnh xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s; 3. Qun l t i sn ca ngi c gim h; 4. Bo v quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi c gim h. iu 66. Ngha v ca ngi gim h i vi ngi c gim h t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui Ngi gim h ca ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui c cc ngha v sau y: 1. i din cho ngi c gim h trong cc giao dch dn s, tr trng hp php lut quy nh ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui c

14

th t mnh xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s; 2. Qun l t i sn ca ngi c gim h; 3. Bo v quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi c gim h. iu 67. Ngha v ca ngi gim h i vi ngi c gim h mt nng lc h nh vi dn s Ngi gim h ca ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Chm sc, bo m vic iu tr bnh cho ngi c gim h; 2. i din cho ngi c gim h trong cc giao dch dn s; 3. Qun l t i sn ca ngi c gim h; 4. Bo v quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi c gim h. iu 68. Quyn ca ngi gim h Ngi gim h c cc quyn sau y: 1. S dng t i sn ca ngi c gim h chm sc, chi dng cho nhng nhu cu cn thit ca ngi c gim h; 2. c thanh ton cc chi ph cn thit cho vic qun l t i sn ca ngi c gim h; 3. i din cho ngi c gim h trong vic xc lp, thc hin cc giao dch dn s nhm bo v quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi c gim h. iu 69. Qun l t i sn ca ngi c gim h 1. Ngi gim h c trch nhim qun l t i sn ca ngi c gim h nh t i sn ca chnh mnh. 2. Ngi gim h c thc hin cc giao dch lin quan n t i sn ca ngi c gim h v li ch ca ngi c gim h. Vic bn, trao i, cho thu, cho mn, cho vay, cm c, th chp, t cc v cc giao dch khc i vi t i sn c gi tr ln ca ngi c gim h phi c s ng ca ngi gim st vic gim h. Ngi gim h khng c em t i sn ca ngi c gim h tng cho ngi khc. 3. Cc giao dch dn s gia ngi gim h vi ngi c gim h c lin quan n t i sn ca ngi c gim h u v hiu, tr trng hp giao dch c thc hin v li ch ca ngi c gim h v c s ng ca ngi gim st vic gim h. iu 70. Thay i ngi gim h 1. Ngi gim h c thay i trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Ngi gim h khng cn cc iu kin quy nh ti iu 60 ca B lut n y; b) Ngi gim h l c nhn cht hoc b To n tuyn b mt tch, t chc

15

l m gim h chm dt hot ng; c) Ngi gim h vi phm nghim trng ngha v gim h; d) Ngi gim h ngh c thay i v c ngi khc nhn l m gim h. 2. Trong trng hp thay i ngi gim h ng nhin th nhng ngi c quy nh ti iu 61 v iu 62 ca B lut n y l ngi gim h ng nhin; nu khng c ngi gim h ng nhin th vic c ngi gim h c thc hin theo quy nh ti iu 63 ca B lut n y. 3. Th tc thay i ngi gim h c c c thc hin theo quy nh ti iu 64 v iu 71 ca B lut n y. iu 71. Chuyn giao gim h ca ngi gim h c c 1. Khi thay i ngi gim h th trong thi hn mi lm ng y, k t ng y c ngi gim h mi, ngi thc hin vic gim h phi chuyn giao gim h cho ngi thay th mnh. 2. Vic chuyn giao gim h phi c lp th nh vn bn, trong ghi r l do chuyn giao v tnh trng t i sn ca ngi c gim h ti thi im chuyn giao. Ngi c ngi gim h, ngi gim st vic gim h chng kin vic chuyn giao gim h. 3. Trong trng hp thay i ngi gim h v l do ngi gim h l c nhn cht, b To n tuyn b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s, mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, mt tch; t chc l m gim h chm dt hot ng th ngi c ngi gim h lp bin bn, ghi r tnh trng t i sn ca ngi c gim h, quyn, ngha v pht sinh trong qu trnh thc hin vic gim h chuyn giao cho ngi gim h mi vi s chng kin ca ngi gim st vic gim h. 4. Vic chuyn giao gim h phi c U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn ni c tr ca ngi gim h mi cng nhn. iu 72. Chm dt vic gim h Vic gim h chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ngi c gim h c nng lc h nh vi dn s y ; 2. Ngi c gim h cht; 3. Cha, m ca ngi c gim h c iu kin thc hin quyn, ngha v ca mnh; 4. Ngi c gim h c nhn l m con nui. iu 73. Hu qu chm dt vic gim h 1. Khi vic gim h chm dt th trong thi hn ba thng, k t thi im chm dt vic gim h, ngi gim h thanh ton t i sn vi ngi c gim h hoc vi cha, m ca ngi c gim h. Trong trng hp ngi c gim h cht th trong thi hn ba thng, k t thi im chm dt vic gim h, ngi gim h thanh ton t i sn vi ngi tha k ca ngi c gim h; nu ht thi hn m cha xc nh c ngi tha

16

k th ngi gim h tip tc qun l t i sn ca ngi c gim h cho n khi t i sn c gii quyt theo quy nh ca php lut v tha k v thng bo cho U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn ni ngi c gim h c tr. Vic thanh ton t i sn c thc hin vi s gim st ca ngi gim st vic gim h. 2. Cc quyn, ngha v pht sinh t cc giao dch dn s v li ch ca ngi c gim h c ngi gim h thc hin nh sau: a) Chuyn cho ngi c gim h khi ngi n y c nng lc h nh vi dn s y ; b) Chuyn cho cha, m ca ngi c gim h trong trng hp quy nh ti khon 3 v khon 4 iu 72 ca B lut n y; c) Chuyn cho ngi tha k ca ngi c gim h khi ngi c gim h cht.
Mc 5 thng bo tm kim ngi vng mt ti ni c tr, TUYN B MT TCH, TUYN B CHT

iu 74. Yu cu thng bo tm kim ngi vng mt ti ni c tr v qun l t i sn ca ngi Khi mt ngi bit tch su thng lin tr ln th nhng ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan c quyn yu cu To n thng bo tm kim ngi vng mt ti ni c tr theo quy nh ca php lut t tng dn s v c th yu cu To n p dng bin php qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt quy nh ti iu 75 ca B lut n y. iu 75. Qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr 1. Theo yu cu ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, To n giao t i sn ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr cho nhng ngi sau y qun l: a) i vi t i sn c ngi vng mt u quyn qun l th ngi c u quyn tip tc qun l; b) i vi t i sn chung th do ch s hu chung cn li qun l; c) T i sn do v hoc chng ang qun l th v hoc chng tip tc qun l; nu v hoc chng cht hoc mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s th con th nh nin hoc cha, m ca ngi vng mt qun l. 2. Trong trng hp khng c nhng ngi c quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y th To n ch nh mt ngi trong s nhng ngi thn thch ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr qun l t i sn; nu khng c ngi thn thch th To n ch nh ngi khc qun l t i sn. iu 76. Ngha v ca ngi qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr Ngi qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr c cc ngha v sau y:

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1. Gi gn, bo qun t i sn ca ngi vng mt nh t i sn ca chnh mnh; 2. Bn ngay t i sn l hoa m u, sn phm khc c nguy c b h hng; 3. Thc hin ngha v cp dng, thanh ton n n hn ca ngi vng mt bng t i sn ca ngi theo quyt nh ca To n; 4. Giao li t i sn cho ngi vng mt khi ngi n y tr v v phi thng bo cho To n bit; nu c li trong vic qun l t i sn m gy thit hi th phi bi thng. iu 77. Quyn ca ngi qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr Ngi qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr c cc quyn sau y: 1. Qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt; 2. Trch mt phn t i sn ca ngi vng mt thc hin ngha v cp dng, ngha v thanh ton n n hn ca ngi vng mt; 3. c thanh ton cc chi ph cn thit trong vic qun l t i sn. iu 78. Tuyn b mt ngi mt tch 1. Khi mt ngi bit tch hai nm lin tr ln, mc d p dng y cc bin php thng bo, tm kim theo quy nh ca php lut t tng dn s nhng vn khng c tin tc xc thc v vic ngi cn sng hay cht th theo yu cu ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, To n c th tuyn b ngi mt tch. Thi hn hai nm c tnh t ng y bit c tin tc cui cng v ngi ; nu khng xc nh c ng y c tin tc cui cng th thi hn n y c tnh t ng y u tin ca thng tip theo thng c tin tc cui cng; nu khng xc nh c ng y, thng c tin tc cui cng th thi hn n y c tnh t ng y u tin ca nm tip theo nm c tin tc cui cng. 2. Trong trng hp v hoc chng ca ngi b tuyn b mt tch xin ly hn th To n gii quyt cho ly hn. iu 79. Qun l t i sn ca ngi b tuyn b mt tch Ngi ang qun l t i sn ca ngi vng mt ti ni c tr quy nh ti khon 1 iu 75 ca B lut n y tip tc qun l t i sn ca ngi khi ngi b To n tuyn b mt tch v c cc quyn, ngha v quy nh ti iu 76 v iu 77 ca B lut n y. Trong trng hp To n gii quyt cho v hoc chng ca ngi b tuyn b mt tch ly hn th t i sn ca ngi mt tch c giao cho con th nh nin hoc cha, m ca ngi mt tch qun l; nu khng c nhng ngi n y th giao cho ngi thn thch ca ngi mt tch qun l; nu khng c ngi thn thch th To n ch nh ngi khc qun l t i sn. iu 80. Hu b quyt nh tuyn b mt ngi mt tch 1. Khi ngi b tuyn b mt tch tr v hoc c tin tc xc thc l ngi cn sng th theo yu cu ca ngi hoc ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, To n ra quyt nh hu b quyt nh tuyn b mt ngi mt tch.

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2. Ngi b tuyn b mt tch tr v c nhn li t i sn do ngi qun l t i sn chuyn giao sau khi thanh ton chi ph qun l. 3. Trong trng hp v hoc chng ca ngi b tuyn b mt tch c ly hn th d ngi b tuyn b mt tch tr v hoc c tin tc xc thc l ngi cn sng, quyt nh cho ly hn vn c hiu lc php lut. iu 81. Tuyn b mt ngi l cht 1. Ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan c th yu cu To n ra quyt nh tuyn b mt ngi l cht trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Sau ba nm, k t ng y quyt nh tuyn b mt tch ca To n c hiu lc php lut m vn khng c tin tc xc thc l cn sng; b) Bit tch trong chin tranh sau nm nm, k t ng y chin tranh kt thc m vn khng c tin tc xc thc l cn sng; c) B tai nn hoc thm ha, thin tai m sau mt nm, k t ng y tai nn hoc thm ho, thin tai chm dt vn khng c tin tc xc thc l cn sng, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc; d) Bit tch nm nm lin tr ln v khng c tin tc xc thc l cn sng; thi hn n y c tnh theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu 78 ca B lut n y. 2. Tu tng trng hp, To n xc nh ng y cht ca ngi b tuyn b l cht cn c v o cc trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y. iu 82. Quan h nhn thn v quan h t i sn ca ngi b To n tuyn b l cht 1. Khi quyt nh ca To n tuyn b mt ngi l cht c hiu lc php lut th quan h v hn nhn, gia nh v cc quan h nhn thn khc ca ngi c gii quyt nh i vi ngi cht. 2. Quan h t i sn ca ngi b To n tuyn b l cht c gii quyt nh i vi ngi cht; t i sn ca ngi c gii quyt theo quy nh ca php lut v tha k. iu 83. Hu b quyt nh tuyn b mt ngi l cht 1. Khi mt ngi b tuyn b l cht tr v hoc c tin tc xc thc l ngi cn sng th theo yu cu ca ngi hoc ca ngi c quyn, li ch lin quan, To n ra quyt nh hu b quyt nh tuyn b ngi l cht. 2. Quan h nhn thn ca ngi b tuyn b l cht c khi phc khi To n ra quyt nh hu b quyt nh tuyn b ngi l cht, tr cc trng hp sau y: a) V hoc chng ca ngi b tuyn b l cht c To n cho ly hn theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu 78 ca B lut n y th quyt nh cho ly hn vn c hiu lc php lut; b) V hoc chng ca ngi b tuyn b l cht kt hn vi ngi khc th vic kt hn vn c hiu lc php lut. 3. Ngi b tuyn b l cht m cn sng c quyn yu cu nhng ngi

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nhn t i sn tha k tr li t i sn, gi tr t i sn hin cn. Trong trng hp ngi tha k ca ngi b tuyn b l cht bit ngi n y cn sng m c tnh giu gim nhm hng tha k th ngi phi ho n tr to n b t i sn nhn, k c hoa li, li tc; nu gy thit hi th phi bi thng. Chng IV
PHP NHN Mc 1 NHNG QUY NH CHUNG V PHP NHN

iu 84. Php nhn Mt t chc c cng nhn l php nhn khi c cc iu kin sau y: 1. c th nh lp hp php; 2. C c cu t chc cht ch; 3. C t i sn c lp vi c nhn, t chc khc v t chu trch nhim bng t i sn ; 4. Nhn danh mnh tham gia cc quan h php lut mt cch c lp. iu 85. Th nh lp php nhn Php nhn c th nh lp theo sng kin ca c nhn, t chc hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. iu 86. Nng lc php lut dn s ca php nhn 1. Nng lc php lut dn s ca php nhn l kh nng ca php nhn c cc quyn, ngha v dn s ph hp vi mc ch hot ng ca mnh. 2. Nng lc php lut dn s ca php nhn pht sinh t thi im php nhn c th nh lp v chm dt t thi im chm dt php nhn. 3. Ngi i din theo php lut hoc ngi i din theo u quyn ca php nhn nhn danh php nhn trong quan h dn s. iu 87. Tn gi ca php nhn 1. Php nhn phi c tn gi bng ting Vit, th hin r loi hnh t chc ca php nhn v phn bit vi cc php nhn khc trong cng mt lnh vc hot ng. 2. Php nhn phi s dng tn gi ca mnh trong giao dch dn s. 3. Tn gi ca php nhn c php lut cng nhn v bo v. iu 88. iu l ca php nhn 1. Trong trng hp php lut quy nh php nhn phi c iu l th iu l ca php nhn phi c cc sng lp vin hoc i hi th nh vin thng qua; iu l ca php nhn phi c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cng nhn trong

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trng hp php lut c quy nh. 2. iu l ca php nhn c nhng ni dung ch yu sau y: a) Tn gi ca php nhn; b) Mc ch v phm vi hot ng; c) Tr s; d) Vn iu l, nu c; ) C cu t chc; th thc c, bu, b nhim, min nhim, cch chc, nhim v v quyn hn ca cc chc danh ca c quan iu h nh v cc c quan khc; e) Quyn, ngha v ca cc th nh vin; g) Th thc sa i, b sung iu l; h) iu kin hp nht, sp nhp, chia, tch, gii th php nhn. 3. Vic sa i, b sung iu l ca php nhn phi c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cng nhn trong trng hp php lut c quy nh. iu 89. C quan iu h nh ca php nhn 1. Php nhn phi c c quan iu h nh. 2. T chc, nhim v v quyn hn ca c quan iu h nh ca php nhn c quy nh trong iu l ca php nhn hoc trong quyt nh th nh lp php nhn. iu 90. Tr s ca php nhn Tr s ca php nhn l ni t c quan iu h nh ca php nhn. a ch lin lc ca php nhn l a ch tr s ca php nhn. Php nhn c th chn ni khc l m a ch lin lc. iu 91. i din ca php nhn 1. i din ca php nhn c th l i din theo php lut hoc i din theo u quyn. Ngi i din ca php nhn phi tun theo quy nh v i din ti Chng VII, Phn th nht ca B lut n y. 2. i din theo php lut ca php nhn c quy nh trong iu l ca php nhn hoc trong quyt nh th nh lp php nhn. iu 92. Vn phng i din, chi nhnh ca php nhn 1. Php nhn c th t vn phng i din, chi nhnh ni khc vi ni t tr s ca php nhn. 2. Vn phng i din l n v ph thuc ca php nhn, c nhim v i din theo u quyn cho li ch ca php nhn v thc hin vic bo v cc li ch . 3. Chi nhnh l n v ph thuc ca php nhn, c nhim v thc hin to n b hoc mt phn chc nng ca php nhn, k c chc nng i din theo u quyn.

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4. Vn phng i din, chi nhnh khng phi l php nhn. Ngi ng u vn phng i din, chi nhnh thc hin nhim v theo u quyn ca php nhn trong phm vi v thi hn c u quyn. 5. Php nhn c cc quyn, ngha v dn s pht sinh t giao dch dn s do vn phng i din, chi nhnh xc lp, thc hin. iu 93. Trch nhim dn s ca php nhn 1. Php nhn phi chu trch nhim dn s v vic thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s do ngi i din xc lp, thc hin nhn danh php nhn. 2. Php nhn chu trch nhim dn s bng t i sn ca mnh; khng chu trch nhim thay cho th nh vin ca php nhn i vi ngha v dn s do th nh vin xc lp, thc hin khng nhn danh php nhn. 3. Th nh vin ca php nhn khng chu trch nhim dn s thay cho php nhn i vi ngha v dn s do php nhn xc lp, thc hin. iu 94. Hp nht php nhn 1. Cc php nhn cng loi c th hp nht th nh mt php nhn mi theo quy nh ca iu l, theo tho thun gia cc php nhn hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 2. Sau khi hp nht, cc php nhn c chm dt; cc quyn, ngha v dn s ca cc php nhn c c chuyn giao cho php nhn mi. iu 95. Sp nhp php nhn 1. Mt php nhn c th c sp nhp (sau y gi l php nhn c sp nhp) v o mt php nhn khc cng loi (sau y gi l php nhn sp nhp) theo quy nh ca iu l, theo tho thun gia cc php nhn hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 2. Sau khi sp nhp, php nhn c sp nhp chm dt; cc quyn, ngha v dn s ca php nhn c sp nhp c chuyn giao cho php nhn sp nhp. iu 96. Chia php nhn 1. Mt php nhn c th chia th nh nhiu php nhn theo quy nh ca iu l hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 2. Sau khi chia, php nhn b chia chm dt; quyn, ngha v dn s ca php nhn b chia c chuyn giao cho cc php nhn mi. iu 97. Tch php nhn 1. Mt php nhn c th tch th nh nhiu php nhn theo quy nh ca iu l hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 2. Sau khi tch, php nhn b tch v php nhn c tch thc hin quyn, ngha v ca mnh ph hp vi mc ch hot ng ca cc php nhn . iu 98. Gii th php nhn 1. Php nhn c th b gii th trong cc trng hp sau y:

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a) Theo quy nh ca iu l; b) Theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn; c) Ht thi hn hot ng c ghi trong iu l hoc trong quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 2. Trc khi gii th, php nhn phi thc hin y cc ngha v t i sn. iu 99. Chm dt php nhn 1. Php nhn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Hp nht, sp nhp, chia, gii th php nhn theo quy nh ti cc iu 94, 95, 96 v 98 ca B lut n y; b) B tuyn b ph sn theo quy nh ca php lut v ph sn. 2. Php nhn chm dt k t thi im xo tn trong s ng k php nhn hoc t thi im c xc nh trong quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 3. Khi php nhn chm dt, t i sn ca php nhn c gii quyt theo quy nh ca php lut.
Mc 2 CC LOI PHP NHN

iu 100. Cc loi php nhn 1. C quan nh nc, n v v trang nhn dn. 2. T chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi. 3. T chc kinh t. 4. T chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi ngh nghip. 5. Qu x hi, qu t thin. 6. T chc khc c cc iu kin quy nh ti iu 84 ca B lut n y. iu 101. Php nhn l c quan nh nc, n v v trang nhn dn 1. C quan nh nc, n v v trang nhn dn c Nh nc giao t i sn thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v thc hin cc chc nng khc khng nhm mc ch kinh doanh l php nhn khi tham gia quan h dn s. 2. C quan nh nc, n v v trang nhn dn chu trch nhim dn s lin quan n vic thc hin chc nng, nhim v ca mnh bng kinh ph c cp t ngn sch nh nc. 3. Trong trng hp c quan nh nc, n v v trang nhn dn thc hin cc hot ng c thu theo quy nh ca php lut th phi chu trch nhim dn s lin quan n hot ng c thu bng t i sn c c t hot ng n y.

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iu 102. Php nhn l t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi 1. T chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi qun l, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh nhm thc hin mc tiu chnh tr, x hi theo iu l l php nhn khi tham gia quan h dn s. 2. T i sn ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi khng th phn chia cho cc th nh vin. 3. T chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi chu trch nhim dn s bng t i sn ca mnh, tr t i sn m theo quy nh ca php lut khng c s dng chu trch nhim dn s. iu 103. Php nhn l t chc kinh t 1. Doanh nghip nh nc, hp tc x , cng ty trch nhim hu hn, cng ty c phn, doanh nghip c vn u t nc ngo i v cc t chc kinh t khc c cc iu kin quy nh ti iu 84 ca B lut n y l php nhn. 2. T chc kinh t phi c iu l. 3. T chc kinh t chu trch nhim dn s bng t i sn ca mnh. iu 104. Php nhn l t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip 1. T chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi ngh nghip c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cho php th nh lp, cng nhn iu l v c hi vin l c nhn, t chc t nguyn ng gp t i sn hoc hi ph nhm phc v mc ch ca hi v nhu cu chung ca hi vin l php nhn khi tham gia quan h dn s. 2. T chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi ngh nghip chu trch nhim dn s bng t i sn ca mnh. 3. Trong trng hp t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip chm dt hot ng th t i sn ca t chc khng c phn chia cho cc hi vin m phi c gii quyt theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 105. Php nhn l qu x hi, qu t thin 1. Qu x hi, qu t thin c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cho php th nh lp, cng nhn iu l, hot ng v mc ch khuyn khch pht trin vn ho, khoa hc, t thin v cc mc ch x hi, nhn o khc khng nhm mc ch thu li nhun l php nhn khi tham gia quan h dn s. 2. T i sn ca qu x hi, qu t thin c qun l, s dng v nh ot theo quy nh ca php lut v ph hp vi mc ch hot ng ca qu do iu l quy nh. 3. Qu x hi, qu t thin ch c php tin h nh cc hot ng quy nh trong iu l c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cng nhn, trong phm vi t i sn ca qu v phi chu trch nhim dn s bng t i sn . 4. T chc lp qu x hi, qu t thin khng phi chu trch nhim dn

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s bng t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh v cc hot ng ca qu v khng c phn chia t i sn ca qu trong qu trnh qu hot ng. Trong trng hp qu x hi, qu t thin chm dt hot ng th t i sn ca qu khng c phn chia cho cc sng lp vin m phi c gii quyt theo quy nh ca php lut. Chng V
H gia nh, t hp tc Mc 1 h gia nh

iu 106. H gia nh H gia nh m cc th nh vin c t i sn chung, cng ng gp cng sc hot ng kinh t chung trong sn xut nng, lm, ng nghip hoc mt s lnh vc sn xut, kinh doanh khc do php lut quy nh l ch th khi tham gia quan h dn s thuc cc lnh vc n y. iu 107. i din ca h gia nh 1. Ch h l i din ca h gia nh trong cc giao dch dn s v li ch chung ca h. Cha, m hoc mt th nh vin khc th nh nin c th l ch h. Ch h c th u quyn cho th nh vin khc th nh nin l m i din ca h trong quan h dn s. 2. Giao dch dn s do ngi i din ca h gia nh xc lp, thc hin v li ch chung ca h l m pht sinh quyn, ngha v ca c h gia nh. iu 108. T i sn chung ca h gia nh T i sn chung ca h gia nh gm quyn s dng t, quyn s dng rng, rng trng ca h gia nh, t i sn do cc th nh vin ng gp, cng nhau to lp nn hoc c tng cho chung, c tha k chung v cc t i sn khc m cc th nh vin tho thun l t i sn chung ca h. iu 109. Chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn chung ca h gia nh 1. Cc th nh vin ca h gia nh chim hu v s dng t i sn chung ca h theo phng thc tho thun. 2. Vic nh ot t i sn l t liu sn xut, t i sn chung c gi tr ln ca h gia nh phi c cc th nh vin t mi lm tui tr ln ng ; i vi cc loi t i sn chung khc phi c a s th nh vin t mi lm tui tr ln ng . iu 110. Trch nhim dn s ca h gia nh 1. H gia nh phi chu trch nhim dn s v vic thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s do ngi i din ca h gia nh xc lp, thc hin nhn danh h gia nh.

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2. H gia nh chu trch nhim dn s bng t i sn chung ca h; nu t i sn chung khng thc hin ngha v chung ca h th cc th nh vin phi chu trch nhim lin i bng t i sn ring ca mnh.
Mc 2 t hp tc

iu 111. T hp tc 1. T hp tc c hnh th nh trn c s hp ng hp tc c chng thc ca U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn ca t ba c nhn tr ln, cng ng gp t i sn, cng sc thc hin nhng cng vic nht nh, cng hng li v cng chu trch nhim l ch th trong cc quan h dn s. T hp tc c iu kin tr th nh php nhn theo quy nh ca php lut th ng k hot ng vi t cch php nhn ti c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 2. Hp ng hp tc c cc ni dung ch yu sau y: a) Mc ch, thi hn hp ng hp tc; b) H, tn, ni c tr ca t trng v cc t vin; c) Mc ng gp t i sn, nu c; phng thc phn chia hoa li, li tc gia cc t vin; d) Quyn, ngha v v trch nhim ca t trng, ca cc t vin; ) iu kin nhn t vin mi v ra khi t hp tc; e) iu kin chm dt t hp tc; g) Cc tho thun khc. iu 112. T vin t hp tc T vin t hp tc l c nhn t mi tm tui tr ln, c nng lc h nh vi dn s y . T hp tc c quyn giao kt hp ng lao ng vi ngi khng phi l t vin thc hin nhng cng vic nht nh. iu 113. i din ca t hp tc 1. i din ca t hp tc trong cc giao dch dn s l t trng do cc t vin c ra. T trng t hp tc c th u quyn cho t vin thc hin mt s cng vic nht nh cn thit cho t. 2. Giao dch dn s do ngi i din ca t hp tc xc lp, thc hin v mc ch hot ng ca t hp tc theo quyt nh ca a s t vin l m pht sinh quyn, ngha v ca c t hp tc. iu 114. T i sn ca t hp tc 1. T i sn do cc t vin ng gp, cng to lp v c tng cho chung l t i

26

sn ca t hp tc. 2. Cc t vin qun l v s dng t i sn ca t hp tc theo phng thc tho thun. 3. Vic nh ot t i sn l t liu sn xut ca t hp tc phi c to n th t vin ng ; i vi cc loi t i sn khc phi c a s t vin ng . iu 115. Ngha v ca t vin T vin c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Thc hin s hp tc theo nguyn tc bnh ng, cng c li, gip ln nhau v bo m li ch chung ca t hp tc; 2. Bi thng thit hi cho t hp tc do li ca mnh gy ra. iu 116. Quyn ca t vin T vin c cc quyn sau y: 1. c hng hoa li, li tc thu c t hot ng ca t hp tc theo tho thun; 2. Tham gia quyt nh cc vn c lin quan n hot ng ca t hp tc, thc hin vic kim tra hot ng ca t hp tc. iu 117. Trch nhim dn s ca t hp tc 1. T hp tc phi chu trch nhim dn s v vic thc hin quyn, ngha v dn s do ngi i din xc lp, thc hin nhn danh t hp tc. 2. T hp tc chu trch nhim dn s bng t i sn ca t; nu t i sn khng thc hin ngha v chung ca t th t vin phi chu trch nhim lin i theo phn tng ng vi phn ng gp bng t i sn ring ca mnh. iu 118. Nhn t vin mi T hp tc c th nhn thm t vin mi, nu c a s t vin ng , tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 119. Ra khi t hp tc 1. T vin c quyn ra khi t hp tc theo cc iu kin tho thun. 2. T vin ra khi t hp tc c quyn yu cu nhn li t i sn m mnh ng gp v o t hp tc, c chia phn t i sn ca mnh trong khi t i sn chung v phi thanh ton cc ngha v ca mnh i vi t hp tc theo tho thun; nu vic phn chia t i sn bng hin vt m nh hng n vic tip tc hot ng ca t th t i sn c tr gi bng tin chia. iu 120. Chm dt t hp tc 1. T hp tc chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Ht thi hn ghi trong hp ng hp tc; b) Mc ch ca vic hp tc t c; c) Cc t vin tho thun chm dt t hp tc.

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Trong trng hp chm dt, t hp tc phi bo co cho U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn chng thc hp ng hp tc. 2. T hp tc chm dt theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn trong nhng trng hp do php lut quy nh. 3. Khi chm dt, t hp tc phi thanh ton cc khon n ca t; nu t i sn ca t khng tr n th phi ly t i sn ring ca cc t vin thanh ton theo quy nh ti iu 117 ca B lut n y. Trong trng hp cc khon n c thanh ton xong m t i sn ca t vn cn th c chia cho cc t vin theo t l tng ng vi phn ng gp ca mi ngi, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. Chng VI
GIAO DCH dn s

iu 121. Giao dch dn s Giao dch dn s l hp ng hoc h nh vi php l n phng l m pht sinh, thay i hoc chm dt quyn, ngha v dn s. iu 122. iu kin c hiu lc ca giao dch dn s 1. Giao dch dn s c hiu lc khi c cc iu kin sau y: a) Ngi tham gia giao dch c nng lc h nh vi dn s; b) Mc ch v ni dung ca giao dch khng vi phm iu cm ca php lut, khng tri o c x hi; c) Ngi tham gia giao dch ho n to n t nguyn. 2. Hnh thc giao dch dn s l iu kin c hiu lc ca giao dch trong trng hp php lut c quy nh. iu 123. Mc ch ca giao dch dn s Mc ch ca giao dch dn s l li ch hp php m cc bn mong mun t c khi xc lp giao dch . iu 124. Hnh thc giao dch dn s 1. Giao dch dn s c th hin bng li ni, bng vn bn hoc bng h nh vi c th. Giao dch dn s thng qua phng tin in t di hnh thc thng ip d liu c coi l giao dch bng vn bn. 2. Trong trng hp php lut quy nh giao dch dn s phi c th hin bng vn bn, phi c cng chng hoc chng thc, phi ng k hoc xin php th phi tun theo cc quy nh . iu 125. Giao dch dn s c iu kin 1. Trong trng hp cc bn c tha thun v iu kin pht sinh hoc hy b giao dch dn s th khi iu kin xy ra, giao dch dn s pht sinh hoc hy

28

b. 2. Trong trng hp iu kin l m pht sinh hoc hy b giao dch dn s khng th xy ra c do h nh vi c cn tr ca mt bn hoc ca ngi th ba th coi nh iu kin xy ra; nu c s tc ng ca mt bn hoc ca ngi th ba c thc y cho iu kin l m pht sinh hoc hu b giao dch dn s xy ra th coi nh iu kin khng xy ra. iu 126. Gii thch giao dch dn s 1. Trong trng hp giao dch dn s c th c hiu theo nhiu ngha khc nhau th vic gii thch giao dch dn s c thc hin theo th t sau y: a) Theo mun ch thc ca cc bn khi xc lp giao dch; b) Theo ngha ph hp vi mc ch ca giao dch; c) Theo tp qun ni giao dch c xc lp. 2. Vic gii thch hp ng dn s c thc hin theo quy nh ti iu 409 ca B lut n y, vic gii thch ni dung di chc c thc hin theo quy nh ti iu 673 ca B lut n y. iu 127. Giao dch dn s v hiu Giao dch dn s khng c mt trong cc iu kin c quy nh ti iu 122 ca B lut n y th v hiu. iu 128. Giao dch dn s v hiu do vi phm iu cm ca php lut, tri o c x hi Giao dch dn s c mc ch v ni dung vi phm iu cm ca php lut, tri o c x hi th v hiu. iu cm ca php lut l nhng quy nh ca php lut khng cho php ch th thc hin nhng h nh vi nht nh. o c x hi l nhng chun mc ng x chung gia ngi vi ngi trong i sng x hi, c cng ng tha nhn v tn trng. iu 129. Giao dch dn s v hiu do gi to Khi cc bn xc lp giao dch dn s mt cch gi to nhm che giu mt giao dch khc th giao dch gi to v hiu, cn giao dch b che giu vn c hiu lc, tr trng hp giao dch cng v hiu theo quy nh ca B lut n y. Trong trng hp xc lp giao dch gi to nhm trn trnh ngha v vi ngi th ba th giao dch v hiu. iu 130. Giao dch dn s v hiu do ngi cha th nh nin, ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s xc lp, thc hin Khi giao dch dn s do ngi cha th nh nin, ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s hoc ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s xc lp, thc hin th theo yu cu ca ngi i din ca ngi , To n tuyn b giao dch v hiu nu theo quy nh ca php lut giao dch n y phi do ngi i din ca h xc

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lp, thc hin. iu 131. Giao dch dn s v hiu do b nhm ln Khi mt bn c li v l m cho bn kia nhm ln v ni dung ca giao dch dn s m xc lp giao dch th bn b nhm ln c quyn yu cu bn kia thay i ni dung ca giao dch , nu bn kia khng chp nhn th bn b nhm ln c quyn yu cu To n tuyn b giao dch v hiu. Trong trng hp mt bn do li c l m cho bn kia nhm ln v ni dung ca giao dch th c gii quyt theo quy nh ti iu 132 ca B lut n y. iu 132. Giao dch dn s v hiu do b la di, e da Khi mt bn tham gia giao dch dn s do b la di hoc b e da th c quyn yu cu To n tuyn b giao dch dn s l v hiu. La di trong giao dch l h nh vi c ca mt bn hoc ca ngi th ba nhm l m cho bn kia hiu sai lch v ch th, tnh cht ca i tng hoc ni dung ca giao dch dn s nn xc lp giao dch . e da trong giao dch l h nh vi c ca mt bn hoc ngi th ba l m cho bn kia buc phi thc hin giao dch nhm trnh thit hi v tnh mng, sc kho, danh d, uy tn, nhn phm, t i sn ca mnh hoc ca cha, m, v, chng, con ca mnh. iu 133. Giao dch dn s v hiu do ngi xc lp khng nhn thc v l m ch c h nh vi ca mnh Ngi c nng lc h nh vi dn s nhng xc lp giao dch v o ng thi im khng nhn thc v l m ch c h nh vi ca mnh th c quyn yu cu To n tuyn b giao dch dn s l v hiu. iu 134. Giao dch dn s v hiu do khng tun th quy nh v hnh thc Trong trng hp php lut quy nh hnh thc giao dch dn s l iu kin c hiu lc ca giao dch m cc bn khng tun theo th theo yu cu ca mt hoc cc bn, To n, c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc quyt nh buc cc bn thc hin quy nh v hnh thc ca giao dch trong mt thi hn; qu thi hn m khng thc hin th giao dch v hiu. iu 135. Giao dch dn s v hiu tng phn Giao dch dn s v hiu tng phn khi mt phn ca giao dch v hiu nhng khng nh hng n hiu lc ca phn cn li ca giao dch. iu 136. Thi hiu yu cu To n tuyn b giao dch dn s v hiu 1. Thi hiu yu cu To n tuyn b giao dch dn s v hiu c quy nh ti cc iu t iu 130 n iu 134 ca B lut n y l hai nm, k t ng y giao dch dn s c xc lp. 2. i vi cc giao dch dn s c quy nh ti iu 128 v iu 129 ca B lut n y th thi hiu yu cu To n tuyn b giao dch dn s v hiu khng b hn ch.

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iu 137. Hu qu php l ca giao dch dn s v hiu 1. Giao dch dn s v hiu khng l m pht sinh, thay i, chm dt quyn, ngha v dn s ca cc bn k t thi im xc lp. 2. Khi giao dch dn s v hiu th cc bn khi phc li tnh trng ban u, ho n tr cho nhau nhng g nhn; nu khng ho n tr c bng hin vt th phi ho n tr bng tin, tr trng hp t i sn giao dch, hoa li, li tc thu c b tch thu theo quy nh ca php lut. Bn c li gy thit hi phi bi thng. iu 138. Bo v quyn li ca ngi th ba ngay tnh khi giao dch dn s v hiu 1. Trong trng hp giao dch dn s v hiu nhng t i sn giao dch l ng sn khng phi ng k quyn s hu c chuyn giao bng mt giao dch khc cho ngi th ba ngay tnh th giao dch vi ngi th ba vn c hiu lc, tr trng hp quy nh ti iu 257 ca B lut n y. 2. Trong trng hp t i sn giao dch l bt ng sn hoc l ng sn phi ng k quyn s hu c chuyn giao bng mt giao dch khc cho ngi th ba ngay tnh th giao dch vi ngi th ba b v hiu, tr trng hp ngi th ba ngay tnh nhn c t i sn n y thng qua bn u gi hoc giao dch vi ngi m theo bn n, quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn l ch s hu t i sn nhng sau ngi n y khng phi l ch s hu t i sn do bn n, quyt nh b hu, sa. Chng VII
I DIN

iu 139. i din 1. i din l vic mt ngi (sau y gi l ngi i din) nhn danh v v li ch ca ngi khc (sau y gi l ngi c i din) xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s trong phm vi i din. 2. C nhn, php nhn, ch th khc c th xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s thng qua ngi i din. C nhn khng c ngi khc i din cho mnh nu php lut quy nh h phi t mnh xc lp, thc hin giao dch . 3. Quan h i din c xc lp theo php lut hoc theo u quyn. 4. Ngi c i din c quyn, ngha v pht sinh t giao dch dn s do ngi i din xc lp. 5. Ngi i din phi c nng lc h nh vi dn s y , tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 2 iu 143 ca B lut n y. iu 140. i din theo php lut i din theo php lut l i din do php lut quy nh hoc c quan nh nc c thm quyn quyt nh.

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iu 141. Ngi i din theo php lut Ngi i din theo php lut bao gm: 1. Cha, m i vi con cha th nh nin; 2. Ngi gim h i vi ngi c gim h; 3. Ngi c To n ch nh i vi ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s; 4. Ngi ng u php nhn theo quy nh ca iu l php nhn hoc quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn; 5. Ch h gia nh i vi h gia nh; 6. T trng t hp tc i vi t hp tc; 7. Nhng ngi khc theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 142. i din theo u quyn 1. i din theo u quyn l i din c xc lp theo s u quyn gia ngi i din v ngi c i din. 2. Hnh thc u quyn do cc bn tho thun, tr trng hp php lut quy nh vic u quyn phi c lp th nh vn bn. iu 143. Ngi i din theo u quyn 1. C nhn, ngi i din theo php lut ca php nhn c th u quyn cho ngi khc xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s. 2. Ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui c th l ngi i din theo u quyn, tr trng hp php lut quy nh giao dch dn s phi do ngi t mi tm tui tr ln xc lp, thc hin. iu 144. Phm vi i din 1. Ngi i din theo php lut c quyn xc lp, thc hin mi giao dch dn s v li ch ca ngi c i din, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Phm vi i din theo u quyn c xc lp theo s u quyn. 3. Ngi i din ch c thc hin giao dch dn s trong phm vi i din. 4. Ngi i din phi thng bo cho ngi th ba trong giao dch dn s bit v phm vi i din ca mnh. 5. Ngi i din khng c xc lp, thc hin cc giao dch dn s vi chnh mnh hoc vi ngi th ba m mnh cng l ngi i din ca ngi , tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 145. Hu qu ca giao dch dn s do ngi khng c quyn i din xc lp, thc hin 1. Giao dch dn s do ngi khng c quyn i din xc lp, thc hin khng l m pht sinh quyn, ngha v i vi ngi c i din, tr trng hp

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ngi i din hoc ngi c i din ng . Ngi giao dch vi ngi khng c quyn i din phi thng bo cho ngi c i din hoc ngi i din ca ngi tr li trong thi hn n nh; nu ht thi hn n y m khng tr li th giao dch khng l m pht sinh quyn, ngha v i vi ngi c i din, nhng ngi khng c quyn i din vn phi thc hin ngha v i vi ngi giao dch vi mnh, tr trng hp ngi giao dch bit hoc phi bit v vic khng c quyn i din. 2. Ngi giao dch vi ngi khng c quyn i din c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hoc hu b giao dch dn s xc lp v yu cu bi thng thit hi, tr trng hp ngi bit hoc phi bit v vic khng c quyn i din m vn giao dch. iu 146. Hu qu ca giao dch dn s do ngi i din xc lp, thc hin vt qu phm vi i din 1. Giao dch dn s do ngi i din xc lp, thc hin vt qu phm vi i din khng l m pht sinh quyn, ngha v ca ngi c i din i vi phn giao dch c thc hin vt qu phm vi i din, tr trng hp ngi c i din ng hoc bit m khng phn i; nu khng c s ng th ngi i din phi thc hin ngha v i vi ngi giao dch vi mnh v phn giao dch vt qu phm vi i din. 2. Ngi giao dch vi ngi i din c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hoc hu b giao dch dn s i vi phn vt qu phm vi i din hoc to n b giao dch dn s v yu cu bi thng thit hi, tr trng hp ngi bit hoc phi bit v vic vt qu phm vi i din m vn giao dch. 3. Trong trng hp ngi i din v ngi giao dch vi ngi i din c xc lp, thc hin giao dch dn s vt qu phm vi i din m gy thit hi cho ngi c i din th phi chu trch nhim lin i bi thng thit hi. iu 147. Chm dt i din ca c nhn 1. i din theo php lut ca c nhn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Ngi c i din th nh nin hoc nng lc h nh vi dn s c khi phc; b) Ngi c i din cht; c) Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. 2. i din theo u quyn ca c nhn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Thi hn u quyn ht hoc cng vic c u quyn ho n th nh; b) Ngi u quyn hu b vic u quyn hoc ngi c u quyn t chi vic u quyn; c) Ngi u quyn hoc ngi c u quyn cht, b To n tuyn b mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s, mt tch hoc l cht.

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Khi chm dt i din theo u quyn, ngi i din phi thanh ton xong cc ngha v t i sn vi ngi c i din hoc vi ngi tha k ca ngi c i din. iu 148. Chm dt i din ca php nhn 1. i din theo php lut ca php nhn chm dt khi php nhn chm dt. 2. i din theo u quyn ca php nhn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Thi hn u quyn ht hoc cng vic c u quyn ho n th nh; b) Ngi i din theo php lut ca php nhn hu b vic u quyn hoc ngi c u quyn t chi vic u quyn; c) Php nhn chm dt hoc ngi c u quyn cht, b To n tuyn b mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s, mt tch hoc l cht. Khi chm dt i din theo u quyn, ngi i din phi thanh ton xong cc ngha v t i sn vi php nhn u quyn hoc php nhn k tha. Chng VIII
Thi hn

iu 149. Thi hn 1. Thi hn l mt khong thi gian c xc nh t thi im n y n thi im khc. 2. Thi hn c th c xc nh bng pht, gi, ng y, tun, thng, nm hoc bng mt s kin c th s xy ra. iu 150. p dng cch tnh thi hn 1. Cch tnh thi hn c p dng theo quy nh ca B lut n y, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Thi hn c tnh theo dng lch. iu 151. Quy nh v thi hn, thi im tnh thi hn 1. Trong trng hp cc bn c tho thun v thi hn l mt nm, na nm, mt thng, na thng, mt tun, mt ng y, mt gi, mt pht m khong thi gian din ra khng lin nhau th thi hn c tnh nh sau: a) Mt nm l ba trm su mi lm ng y; b) Na nm l su thng; c) Mt thng l ba mi ng y; d) Na thng l mi lm ng y; ) Mt tun l by ng y; e) Mt ng y l hai mi t gi;

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g) Mt gi l su mi pht; h) Mt pht l su mi giy. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn tho thun v thi im u thng, gia thng, cui thng th thi im c quy nh nh sau: a) u thng l ng y u tin ca thng; b) Gia thng l ng y th mi lm ca thng; c) Cui thng l ng y cui cng ca thng. 3. Trong trng hp cc bn tho thun v thi im u nm, gia nm, cui nm th thi im c quy nh nh sau: a) u nm l ng y u tin ca thng mt; b) Gia nm l ng y cui cng ca thng su; c) Cui nm l ng y cui cng ca thng mi hai. iu 152. Thi im bt u thi hn 1. Khi thi hn c xc nh bng pht, gi th thi hn c bt u t thi im xc nh. 2. Khi thi hn c xc nh bng ng y, tun, thng, nm th ng y u tin ca thi hn khng c tnh m tnh t ng y tip theo ca ng y c xc nh. 3. Khi thi hn bt u bng mt s kin th ng y xy ra s kin khng c tnh m tnh t ng y tip theo ca ng y xy ra s kin . iu 153. Kt thc thi hn 1. Khi thi hn tnh bng ng y th thi hn kt thc ti thi im kt thc ng y cui cng ca thi hn. 2. Khi thi hn tnh bng tun th thi hn kt thc ti thi im kt thc ng y tng ng ca tun cui cng ca thi hn. 3. Khi thi hn tnh bng thng th thi hn kt thc ti thi im kt thc ng y tng ng ca thng cui cng ca thi hn; nu thng kt thc thi hn khng c ng y tng ng th thi hn kt thc v o ng y cui cng ca thng . 4. Khi thi hn tnh bng nm th thi hn kt thc ti thi im kt thc ng y, thng tng ng ca nm cui cng ca thi hn. 5. Khi ng y cui cng ca thi hn l ng y ngh cui tun hoc ng y ngh l th thi hn kt thc ti thi im kt thc ng y l m vic tip theo ng y ngh . 6. Thi im kt thc ng y cui cng ca thi hn v o lc hai mi t gi ca ng y . Chng IX
THI HIU

iu 154. Thi hiu Thi hiu l thi hn do php lut quy nh m khi kt thc thi hn th

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ch th c hng quyn dn s, c min tr ngha v dn s hoc mt quyn khi kin v n dn s, quyn yu cu gii quyt vic dn s. iu 155. Cc loi thi hiu 1. Thi hiu hng quyn dn s l thi hn m khi kt thc thi hn th ch th c hng quyn dn s. 2. Thi hiu min tr ngha v dn s l thi hn m khi kt thc thi hn th ngi c ngha v dn s c min vic thc hin ngha v. 3. Thi hiu khi kin l thi hn m ch th c quyn khi kin yu cu To n gii quyt v n dn s bo v quyn v li ch hp php b xm phm; nu thi hn kt thc th mt quyn khi kin. 4. Thi hiu yu cu gii quyt vic dn s l thi hn m ch th c quyn yu cu To n gii quyt vic dn s bo v quyn v li ch hp php ca c nhn, c quan, t chc, li ch cng cng, li ch ca Nh nc; nu thi hn kt thc th mt quyn yu cu. iu 156. Cch tnh thi hiu Thi hiu c tnh t thi im bt u ng y u tin ca thi hiu v chm dt ti thi im kt thc ng y cui cng ca thi hiu. iu 157. Hiu lc ca thi hiu hng quyn dn s, min tr ngha v dn s 1. Trong trng hp php lut quy nh cho cc ch th c hng quyn dn s hoc c min tr ngha v dn s theo thi hiu th ch sau khi thi hiu kt thc, vic hng quyn dn s hoc min tr ngha v dn s mi c hiu lc. 2. Thi hiu hng quyn dn s khng p dng trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Chim hu t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc khng c cn c php lut; b) Vic hng quyn nhn thn khng gn vi t i sn. 3. Thi hiu min tr ngha v dn s khng p dng trong vic thc hin ngha v dn s i vi Nh nc, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 158. Tnh lin tc ca thi hiu hng quyn dn s, min tr ngha v dn s 1. Thi hiu hng quyn dn s, min tr ngha v dn s c tnh lin tc t khi bt u cho n khi kt thc; nu c s kin l m gin on th thi hiu phi c tnh li t u, sau khi s kin l m gin on chm dt. 2. Thi hiu hng quyn dn s, min tr ngha v dn s b gin on khi c mt trong cc s kin sau y: a) C s gii quyt ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn i vi quyn, ngha v dn s ang c p dng thi hiu;

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b) Quyn, ngha v dn s ang c p dng thi hiu m b ngi c quyn, ngha v lin quan tranh chp. 3. Thi hiu cng c tnh lin tc trong trng hp vic hng quyn dn s, min tr ngha v dn s c chuyn giao hp php cho ngi khc. iu 159. Bt u thi hiu khi kin v n dn s, thi hiu yu cu gii quyt vic dn s 1. Thi hiu khi kin v n dn s c tnh t ng y quyn, li ch hp php b xm phm, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Thi hiu yu cu gii quyt vic dn s c tnh t ng y pht sinh quyn yu cu, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 160. Khng p dng thi hiu khi kin v n dn s Thi hiu khi kin v n dn s khng p dng trong nhng trng hp sau y: 1. Yu cu ho n tr t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc; 2. Yu cu bo v quyn nhn thn b xm phm, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc; 3. Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. iu 161. Thi gian khng tnh v o thi hiu khi kin v n dn s, thi hiu yu cu gii quyt vic dn s Thi gian khng tnh v o thi hiu khi kin v n dn s, thi hiu yu cu gii quyt vic dn s l khong thi gian xy ra mt trong cc s kin sau y: 1. S kin bt kh khng hoc tr ngi khch quan l m cho ch th c quyn khi kin, quyn yu cu khng th khi kin, yu cu trong phm vi thi hiu. S kin bt kh khng l s kin xy ra mt cch khch quan khng th lng trc c v khng th khc phc c mc d p dng mi bin php cn thit v kh nng cho php. Tr ngi khch quan l nhng tr ngi do ho n cnh khch quan tc ng l m cho ngi c quyn, ngha v dn s khng th bit v vic quyn, li ch hp php ca mnh b xm phm hoc khng th thc hin c quyn hoc ngha v dn s ca mnh; 2. Cha c ngi i din trong trng hp ngi c quyn khi kin, ngi c quyn yu cu cha th nh nin, mt nng lc h nh vi dn s hoc b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s; 3. Cha c ngi i din khc thay th hoc v l do chnh ng khc m khng th tip tc i din c trong trng hp ngi i din ca ngi cha th nh nin, ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, ngi b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s cht. iu 162. Bt u li thi hiu khi kin v n dn s 1. Thi hiu khi kin v n dn s bt u li trong trng hp sau y:

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a) Bn c ngha v tha nhn mt phn hoc to n b ngha v ca mnh i vi ngi khi kin; b) Bn c ngha v thc hin xong mt phn ngha v ca mnh i vi ngi khi kin; c) Cc bn t ho gii vi nhau. 2. Thi hiu khi kin v n dn s bt u li k t ng y tip theo sau ng y xy ra s kin quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y.
PHN TH HAI TI SN V QUYN S HU

Chng X
NHNG QUY NH CHUNG

iu 163. T i sn T i sn bao gm vt, tin, giy t c gi v cc quyn t i sn. iu 164. Quyn s hu Quyn s hu bao gm quyn chim hu, quyn s dng v quyn nh ot t i sn ca ch s hu theo quy nh ca php lut. Ch s hu l c nhn, php nhn, ch th khc c ba quyn l quyn chim hu, quyn s dng, quyn nh ot t i sn. iu 165. Nguyn tc thc hin quyn s hu Ch s hu c thc hin mi h nh vi theo ch ca mnh i vi t i sn nhng khng c gy thit hi hoc l m nh hng n li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 166. Chu ri ro v t i sn Ch s hu phi chu ri ro khi t i sn b tiu hu hoc b h hng do s kin bt kh khng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 167. ng k quyn s hu t i sn Quyn s hu i vi bt ng sn c ng k theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v ng k bt ng sn. Quyn s hu i vi ng sn khng phi ng k, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 168. Thi im chuyn quyn s hu i vi t i sn 1. Vic chuyn quyn s hu i vi bt ng sn c hiu lc k t thi im ng k quyn s hu, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Vic chuyn quyn s hu i vi ng sn c hiu lc k t thi im ng sn c chuyn giao, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc.

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iu 169. Bo v quyn s hu 1. Quyn s hu ca c nhn, php nhn v ch th khc c php lut cng nhn v bo v. 2. Khng ai c th b hn ch, b tc ot tri php lut quyn s hu i vi t i sn ca mnh. Ch s hu c quyn t bo v, ngn cn bt k ngi n o c h nh vi xm phm quyn s hu ca mnh, truy tm, i li t i sn b ngi khc chim hu, s dng, nh ot khng c cn c php lut. 3. Trong trng hp tht cn thit v l do quc phng, an ninh v v li ch quc gia, Nh nc trng mua hoc trng dng c bi thng t i sn ca c nhn, php nhn hoc ca ch th khc theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 170. Cn c xc lp quyn s hu Quyn s hu c xc lp i vi t i sn trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Do lao ng, do hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh hp php; 2. c chuyn quyn s hu theo tho thun hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn; 3. Thu hoa li, li tc; 4. To th nh vt mi do sp nhp, trn ln, ch bin; 5. c tha k t i sn; 6. Chim hu trong cc iu kin do php lut quy nh i vi vt v ch, vt b nh ri, b b qun, b chn giu, gia sc, gia cm b tht lc, vt nui di nc di chuyn t nhin; 7. Chim hu t i sn khng c cn c php lut nhng ngay tnh, lin tc, cng khai ph hp vi thi hiu quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y; 8. Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. iu 171. Cn c chm dt quyn s hu Quyn s hu chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ch s hu chuyn quyn s hu ca mnh cho ngi khc; 2. Ch s hu t b quyn s hu ca mnh; 3. T i sn b tiu hu; 4. T i sn b x l thc hin ngha v ca ch s hu; 5. T i sn b trng mua; 6. T i sn b tch thu; 7. Vt b nh ri, b b qun, gia sc, gia cm b tht lc, vt nui di nc di chuyn t nhin m ngi khc c xc lp quyn s hu trong cc iu kin do php lut quy nh; t i sn m ngi khc c xc lp quyn s hu theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y;

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8. Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. iu 172. Hnh thc s hu Trn c s ch s hu to n dn, s hu tp th, s hu t nhn, cc hnh thc s hu bao gm s hu nh nc, s hu tp th, s hu t nhn, s hu chung, s hu ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi, s hu ca t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip. iu 173. Cc quyn ca ngi khng phi l ch s hu i vi t i sn 1. Ngi khng phi l ch s hu ch c quyn chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn khng thuc quyn s hu ca mnh theo tho thun vi ch s hu t i sn hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. 2. Cc quyn ca ngi khng phi l ch s hu i vi t i sn bao gm: a) Quyn s dng t; b) Quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k; c) Cc quyn khc theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. 3. Vic ch s hu chuyn quyn s hu t i sn cho ngi khc khng phi l cn c chm dt cc quyn ca ngi khng phi l ch s hu i vi t i sn quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y . 4. Cc quyn i vi t i sn ca ngi khng phi l ch s hu c bo v theo quy nh ti iu 261 ca B lut n y. 5. Cc quyn ca ngi khng phi l ch s hu i vi t i sn phi ng k bao gm quyn s dng t, quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k theo tho thun v cc quyn khc theo quy nh ca php lut. Chng XI
CC LOI TI SN

iu 174. Bt ng sn v ng sn 1. Bt ng sn l cc t i sn bao gm: a) t ai; b) Nh , cng trnh xy dng gn lin vi t ai, k c cc t i sn gn lin vi nh , cng trnh xy dng ; c) Cc t i sn khc gn lin vi t ai; d) Cc t i sn khc do php lut quy nh. 2. ng sn l nhng t i sn khng phi l bt ng sn. iu 175. Hoa li, li tc 1. Hoa li l sn vt t nhin m t i sn mang li. 2. Li tc l cc khon li thu c t vic khai thc t i sn.

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iu 176. Vt chnh v vt ph 1. Vt chnh l vt c lp, c th khai thc cng dng theo tnh nng. 2. Vt ph l vt trc tip phc v cho vic khai thc cng dng ca vt chnh, l mt b phn ca vt chnh, nhng c th tch ri vt chnh. Khi thc hin ngha v chuyn giao vt chnh th phi chuyn giao c vt ph, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 177. Vt chia c v vt khng chia c 1. Vt chia c l vt khi b phn chia vn gi nguyn tnh cht v tnh nng s dng ban u. 2. Vt khng chia c l vt khi b phn chia th khng gi nguyn c tnh cht v tnh nng s dng ban u. Khi cn phn chia vt khng chia c th phi tr gi th nh tin chia. iu 178. Vt tiu hao v vt khng tiu hao 1. Vt tiu hao l vt khi qua mt ln s dng th mt i hoc khng gi c tnh cht, hnh dng v tnh nng s dng ban u. Vt tiu hao khng th l i tng ca hp ng cho thu hoc hp ng cho mn. 2. Vt khng tiu hao l vt khi qua s dng nhiu ln m c bn vn gi c tnh cht, hnh dng v tnh nng s dng ban u. iu 179. Vt cng loi v vt c nh 1. Vt cng loi l nhng vt c cng hnh dng, tnh cht, tnh nng s dng v xc nh c bng nhng n v o lng. Vt cng loi c cng cht lng c th thay th cho nhau. 2. Vt c nh l vt phn bit c vi cc vt khc bng nhng c im ring v k hiu, hnh dng, m u sc, cht liu, c tnh, v tr. Khi thc hin ngha v chuyn giao vt c nh th phi giao ng vt . iu 180. Vt ng b Vt ng b l vt gm cc phn hoc cc b phn n khp, lin h vi nhau hp th nh chnh th m nu thiu mt trong cc phn, cc b phn hoc c phn hoc b phn khng ng quy cch, chng loi th khng s dng c hoc gi tr s dng ca vt b gim st. Khi thc hin ngha v chuyn giao vt ng b th phi chuyn giao to n b cc phn hoc cc b phn hp th nh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 181. Quyn t i sn Quyn t i sn l quyn tr gi c bng tin v c th chuyn giao trong giao dch dn s, k c quyn s hu tr tu.

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Chng XII
NI DUNG QUYN S HU Mc 1 QUYN CHIM HU

iu 182. Quyn chim hu Quyn chim hu l quyn nm gi, qun l t i sn. iu 183. Chim hu c cn c php lut Chim hu c cn c php lut l vic chim hu t i sn trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ch s hu chim hu t i sn; 2. Ngi c ch s hu u quyn qun l t i sn; 3. Ngi c chuyn giao quyn chim hu thng qua giao dch dn s ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut; 4. Ngi pht hin v gi t i sn v ch, t i sn khng xc nh c ai l ch s hu, t i sn b nh ri, b b qun, b chn giu, b chm m ph hp vi cc iu kin do php lut quy nh; 5. Ngi pht hin v gi gia sc, gia cm, vt nui di nc b tht lc ph hp vi cc iu kin do php lut quy nh; 6. Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. iu 184. Quyn chim hu ca ch s hu Trong trng hp ch s hu chim hu t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh th ch s hu c thc hin mi h nh vi theo ch ca mnh nm gi, qun l t i sn nhng khng c tri php lut, o c x hi. Vic chim hu ca ch s hu khng b hn ch, gin on v thi gian, tr trng hp ch s hu chuyn giao vic chim hu cho ngi khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 185. Quyn chim hu ca ngi c ch s hu u quyn qun l t i sn 1. Khi ch s hu u quyn qun l t i sn cho ngi khc th ngi c u quyn thc hin quyn chim hu t i sn trong phm vi, theo cch thc, thi hn do ch s hu xc nh. 2. Ngi c u quyn qun l t i sn khng th tr th nh ch s hu i vi t i sn c giao theo cn c v thi hiu quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y. iu 186. Quyn chim hu ca ngi c giao t i sn thng qua giao dch dn s 1. Khi ch s hu giao t i sn cho ngi khc thng qua giao dch dn s m

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ni dung khng bao gm vic chuyn quyn s hu th ngi c giao t i sn phi thc hin vic chim hu t i sn ph hp vi mc ch, ni dung ca giao dch. 2. Ngi c giao t i sn c quyn s dng t i sn c giao, c chuyn quyn chim hu, s dng t i sn cho ngi khc, nu c ch s hu ng . 3. Ngi c giao t i sn khng th tr th nh ch s hu i vi t i sn c giao theo cn c v thi hiu quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y. iu 187. Quyn chim hu t i sn b nh ri, b b qun, b chn giu, b chm m, t i sn khng xc nh c ai l ch s hu 1. Ngi pht hin t i sn b nh ri, b b qun, b chn giu, b chm m phi thng bo hoc tr li ngay cho ch s hu; nu khng bit ai l ch s hu th phi thng bo hoc giao np cho U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn hoc cng an c s gn nht hoc c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc theo quy nh ca php lut. Ngi pht hin t i sn khng xc nh c ai l ch s hu, t i sn b nh ri, b b qun, b chn giu, b chm m c chim hu t i sn t thi im pht hin n thi im tr li cho ch s hu hoc n thi im giao np cho c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 2. i vi t i sn do ngi khc tu tn nhm che giu h nh vi vi phm php lut hoc trn trnh vic thc hin ngha v dn s th ngi pht hin phi thng bo hoc giao np ngay cho c quan nh nc c thm quyn quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y. iu 188. Quyn chim hu gia sc, gia cm, vt nui di nc b tht lc Ngi pht hin v gi gia sc, gia cm, vt nui di nc b tht lc phi thng bo hoc tr li ngay cho ch s hu; nu cha xc nh c ch s hu th c chim hu t i sn t thi im pht hin n thi im tr li cho ch s hu. iu 189. Chim hu khng c cn c php lut nhng ngay tnh Vic chim hu t i sn khng ph hp vi quy nh ti iu 183 ca B lut n y l chim hu khng c cn c php lut. Ngi chim hu t i sn khng c cn c php lut nhng ngay tnh l ngi chim hu m khng bit v khng th bit vic chim hu t i sn l khng c cn c php lut. iu 190. Chim hu lin tc Vic chim hu t i sn c thc hin trong mt khong thi gian m khng c tranh chp v t i sn l chim hu lin tc, k c khi t i sn c giao cho ngi khc chim hu. iu 191. Chim hu cng khai Vic chim hu t i sn c coi l chim hu cng khai khi thc hin mt cch minh bch, khng giu gim; t i sn ang chim hu c s dng theo tnh

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nng, cng dng v c ngi chim hu bo qun, gi gn nh t i sn ca chnh mnh.

Mc 2 QUYN S DNG

iu 192. Quyn s dng Quyn s dng l quyn khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn. iu 193. Quyn s dng ca ch s hu Trong trng hp ch s hu thc hin quyn s dng t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh th ch s hu c khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn theo ch ca mnh nhng khng c gy thit hi hoc l m nh hng n li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 194. Quyn s dng ca ngi khng phi l ch s hu 1. Quyn s dng t i sn c th c chuyn giao cho ngi khc thng qua hp ng hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. Ngi khng phi l ch s hu c quyn s dng t i sn ng tnh nng, cng dng, ng phng thc. 2. Ngi chim hu khng c cn c php lut nhng ngay tnh cng c quyn khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn theo quy nh ca php lut.
Mc 3 QUYN NH OT

iu 195. Quyn nh ot Quyn nh ot l quyn chuyn giao quyn s hu t i sn hoc t b quyn s hu . iu 196. iu kin nh ot Vic nh ot t i sn phi do ngi c nng lc h nh vi dn s thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh trnh t, th tc nh ot t i sn th phi tun theo trnh t, th tc . iu 197. Quyn nh ot ca ch s hu Ch s hu c quyn bn, trao i, tng cho, cho vay, tha k, t b hoc thc hin cc hnh thc nh ot khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut i vi t i sn.

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iu 198. Quyn nh ot ca ngi khng phi l ch s hu Ngi khng phi l ch s hu t i sn ch c quyn nh ot t i sn theo u quyn ca ch s hu hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. Ngi c ch s hu u quyn nh ot t i sn phi thc hin vic nh ot ph hp vi ch, li ch ca ch s hu. iu 199. Hn ch quyn nh ot 1. Quyn nh ot ch b hn ch trong trng hp do php lut quy nh. 2. Khi t i sn em bn l di tch lch s, vn ho th Nh nc c quyn u tin mua. Trong trng hp php nhn, c nhn, ch th khc c quyn u tin mua i vi t i sn nht nh theo quy nh ca php lut th khi bn t i sn, ch s hu phi d nh quyn u tin mua cho cc ch th . Chng XIII
CC HNH THC S HU Mc 1 S HU Nh nc

iu 200. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc bao gm t ai, rng t nhin, rng trng c ngun vn t ngn sch nh nc, ni, sng h, ngun nc, t i nguyn trong lng t, ngun li t nhin vng bin, thm lc a v vng tri, phn vn v t i sn do Nh nc u t v o doanh nghip, cng trnh thuc cc ng nh v lnh vc kinh t, vn ho, x hi, khoa hc, k thut, ngoi giao, quc phng, an ninh cng cc t i sn khc do php lut quy nh. iu 201. Thc hin quyn ca ch s hu i vi t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc 1. Nh nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam thc hin quyn ca ch s hu i vi t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc. 2. Chnh ph thng nht qun l v bo m s dng ng mc ch, hiu qu v tit kim t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc. iu 202. Qun l, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc Vic qun l, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc c thc hin trong phm vi v theo trnh t do php lut quy nh. iu 203. Thc hin quyn s hu nh nc i vi t i sn c u t v o doanh nghip nh nc 1. Khi t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc c u t v o doanh nghip nh nc th Nh nc thc hin quyn ca ch s hu i vi t i sn theo quy

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nh ca php lut v doanh nghip. 2. Doanh nghip nh nc c quyn qun l, s dng vn, t ai, t i nguyn v cc t i sn khc do Nh nc u t theo quy nh ca php lut v doanh nghip. iu 204. Thc hin quyn s hu nh nc i vi t i sn c giao cho c quan nh nc, n v v trang 1. Khi t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc c giao cho c quan nh nc, n v v trang th Nh nc thc hin quyn kim tra, gim st vic qun l, s dng t i sn . 2. C quan nh nc, n v v trang c quyn qun l, s dng ng mc ch, theo quy nh ca php lut i vi t i sn c Nh nc giao. iu 205. Thc hin quyn s hu nh nc i vi t i sn c giao cho t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi, t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip 1. Khi t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc c giao cho t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi, t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip th Nh nc thc hin quyn kim tra, gim st vic qun l, s dng t i sn . 2. T chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi, t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip c quyn qun l, s dng t i sn c Nh nc giao ng mc ch, phm vi, theo cch thc, trnh t do php lut quy nh ph hp vi chc nng, nhim v c quy nh trong iu l. iu 206. Quyn ca doanh nghip, h gia nh, t hp tc v c nhn i vi vic s dng, khai thc t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh v c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cho php, doanh nghip, h gia nh, t hp tc v c nhn c s dng t, khai thc ngun li thu sn v t i nguyn khc thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc v phi s dng, khai thc ng mc ch, c hiu qu, thc hin y ngha v i vi Nh nc theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 207. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc cha c giao cho t chc, c nhn qun l i vi t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc m cha c giao cho t chc, c nhn qun l th Chnh ph t chc thc hin vic bo v, iu tra, kho st v lp quy hoch a v o khai thc.
Mc 2 S HU tp th

iu 208. S hu tp th S hu tp th l s hu ca hp tc x hoc cc hnh thc kinh t tp th n nh khc do c nhn, h gia nh cng gp vn, gp sc hp tc sn xut, kinh

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doanh nhm thc hin mc ch chung c quy nh trong iu l, theo nguyn tc t nguyn, bnh ng, dn ch, cng qun l v cng hng li. iu 209. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu tp th T i sn c hnh th nh t ngun ng gp ca cc th nh vin, thu nhp hp php do sn xut, kinh doanh, c Nh nc h tr hoc t cc ngun khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut l t i sn thuc s hu ca tp th . iu 210. Chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu tp th 1. Vic chim hu, s dng v nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu tp th phi tun theo php lut, ph hp vi iu l ca tp th , bo m s pht trin n nh ca s hu tp th. 2. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu tp th c giao cho cc th nh vin khai thc cng dng bng sc lao ng ca mnh trong hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh nhm phc v nhu cu m rng sn xut, pht trin kinh t chung v li ch, nhu cu ca cc th nh vin. 3. Th nh vin ca tp th c quyn c u tin mua, thu, thu khon t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu tp th.
Mc 3 S HU t nhn

iu 211. S hu t nhn S hu t nhn l s hu ca c nhn i vi t i sn hp php ca mnh. S hu t nhn bao gm s hu c th, s hu tiu ch, s hu t bn t nhn. iu 212. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu t nhn 1. Thu nhp hp php, ca ci d nh, nh , t liu sinh hot, t liu sn xut, vn, hoa li, li tc v cc t i sn hp php khc ca c nhn l t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu t nhn. T i sn hp php thuc hnh thc s hu t nhn khng b hn ch v s lng, gi tr. 2. C nhn khng c s hu i vi t i sn m php lut quy nh khng th thuc hnh thc s hu s hu t nhn. iu 213. Chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu t nhn 1. C nhn c quyn chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh nhm phc v nhu cu sinh hot, tiu dng hoc sn xut, kinh doanh v cc mc ch khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut. 2. Vic chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu t nhn khng c gy thit hi hoc l m nh hng n li ch ca Nh nc, li ch

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cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc.

Mc 4 S HU CHUNG

iu 214. S hu chung S hu chung l s hu ca nhiu ch s hu i vi t i sn. S hu chung bao gm s hu chung theo phn v s hu chung hp nht. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu chung l t i sn chung. iu 215. Xc lp quyn s hu chung Quyn s hu chung c xc lp theo tho thun ca cc ch s hu, theo quy nh ca php lut hoc theo tp qun. iu 216. S hu chung theo phn 1. S hu chung theo phn l s hu chung m trong phn quyn s hu ca mi ch s hu c xc nh i vi t i sn chung. 2. Mi ch s hu chung theo phn c quyn, ngha v i vi t i sn thuc s hu chung tng ng vi phn quyn s hu ca mnh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 217. S hu chung hp nht 1. S hu chung hp nht l s hu chung m trong phn quyn s hu ca mi ch s hu chung khng c xc nh i vi t i sn chung. S hu chung hp nht bao gm s hu chung hp nht c th phn chia v s hu chung hp nht khng phn chia. 2. Cc ch s hu chung hp nht c quyn, ngha v ngang nhau i vi t i sn thuc s hu chung. iu 218. S hu chung hn hp 1. S hu chung hn hp l s hu i vi t i sn do cc ch s hu thuc cc th nh phn kinh t khc nhau gp vn sn xut, kinh doanh thu li nhun. 2. T i sn c hnh th nh t ngun vn gp ca cc ch s hu, li nhun hp php thu c t hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh hoc t cc ngun khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut l t i sn thuc s hu chung hn hp. 3. Vic chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc s hu chung hn hp phi tun theo quy nh ti iu 216 ca B lut n y v cc quy nh ca php lut c lin quan n vic gp vn, t chc, hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh, qun l, iu h nh, trch nhim v t i sn v phn chia li nhun. iu 219. S hu chung ca v chng 1. S hu chung ca v chng l s hu chung hp nht. 2. V chng cng nhau to lp, pht trin khi t i sn chung bng cng sc ca mi ngi; c quyn ngang nhau trong vic chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i

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sn chung. 3. V chng cng b n bc, tho thun hoc u quyn cho nhau chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn chung. 4. T i sn chung ca v chng c th phn chia theo tho thun hoc theo quyt nh ca To n. iu 220. S hu chung ca cng ng 1. S hu chung ca cng ng l s hu ca dng h, thn, p, l ng, bn, bun, sc, cng ng tn gio v cc cng ng dn c khc i vi t i sn c hnh th nh theo tp qun, t i sn do cc th nh vin ca cng ng cng nhau ng gp, quyn gp, c tng cho chung hoc t cc ngun khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut nhm mc ch tho m n li ch chung hp php ca c cng ng. 2. Cc th nh vin ca cng ng cng qun l, s dng, nh ot t i sn chung theo tho thun hoc theo tp qun, v li ch ca cng ng nhng khng c tri php lut, o c x hi. 3. T i sn chung ca cng ng l t i sn chung hp nht. iu 221. Chim hu t i sn chung Cc ch s hu chung cng qun l t i sn chung theo nguyn tc nht tr, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 222. S dng t i sn chung 1. Mi ch s hu chung theo phn c quyn khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn chung tng ng vi phn quyn s hu ca mnh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Cc ch s hu chung hp nht c quyn ngang nhau trong vic khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn chung, nu khng c tho thun khc. iu 223. nh ot t i sn chung 1. Mi ch s hu chung theo phn c quyn nh ot phn quyn s hu ca mnh theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. 2. Vic nh ot t i sn chung hp nht c thc hin theo tho thun ca cc ch s hu chung hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. 3. Trong trng hp mt ch s hu chung bn phn quyn s hu ca mnh th ch s hu chung khc c quyn u tin mua. Trong thi hn ba thng i vi t i sn chung l bt ng sn, mt thng i vi t i sn chung l ng sn, k t ng y cc ch s hu chung khc nhn c thng bo v vic bn v cc iu kin bn m khng c ch s hu chung n o mua th ch s hu c quyn bn cho ngi khc. Trong trng hp bn phn quyn s hu m c s vi phm v quyn u tin mua th trong thi hn ba thng, k t ng y pht hin c s vi phm v quyn u tin mua, ch s hu chung theo phn trong s cc ch s hu chung c quyn yu cu To n chuyn sang cho mnh quyn v ngha v ca ngi mua; bn c

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li gy thit hi phi bi thng thit hi. 4. Trong trng hp mt trong cc ch s hu chung t b phn quyn s hu ca mnh hoc khi ngi n y cht m khng c ngi tha k th phn quyn s hu thuc Nh nc, tr trng hp s hu chung ca cng ng th thuc s hu chung ca cc ch s hu chung cn li. iu 224. Chia t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu chung 1. Trong trng hp s hu chung c th phn chia th mi ch s hu chung u c quyn yu cu chia t i sn chung; nu cc ch s hu chung tho thun khng phn chia t i sn chung trong mt thi hn th mi ch s hu chung ch c quyn yu cu chia t i sn chung khi ht thi hn ; khi t i sn chung khng th chia c bng hin vt th c tr gi th nh tin chia. 2. Trong trng hp c ngi yu cu mt ngi trong s cc ch s hu chung thc hin ngha v thanh ton khi ngi khng c t i sn ring hoc t i sn ring khng thanh ton th ngi yu cu c quyn yu cu chia t i sn chung nhn tin thanh ton v c tham gia v o vic chia t i sn chung, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. Nu khng th chia phn quyn s hu bng hin vt hoc vic chia n y b cc ch s hu chung cn li phn i th ngi c quyn c quyn yu cu ngi c ngha v bn phn quyn s hu ca mnh thc hin ngha v thanh ton. iu 225. S hu chung trong nh chung c 1. Phn din tch, trang thit b dng chung trong nh chung c thuc s hu chung ca tt c ch s hu cc cn h trong nh v khng th phn chia, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc hoc c s tho thun ca tt c cc ch s hu. 2. Ch s hu cc cn h trong nh chung c c quyn v ngha v ngang nhau trong vic qun l, s dng phn din tch v thit b chung. 3. Trong trng hp nh chung c b tiu hu th ch s hu cc cn h trong nh chung c c quyn s dng din tch mt t ca nh chung c theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 226. Chm dt s hu chung S hu chung chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. T i sn chung c chia; 2. Mt trong s cc ch s hu chung c hng to n b t i sn chung; 3. T i sn chung khng cn; 4. Cc trng hp khc theo quy nh ca php lut.
Mc 5 S HU ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi

iu 227. S hu ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi S hu ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi l s hu ca t chc

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nhm thc hin mc ch chung quy nh trong iu l. iu 228. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi 1. T i sn c hnh th nh t ngun ng gp ca cc th nh vin, t i sn c tng cho chung v t cc ngun khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut l t i sn thuc s hu ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc chuyn giao quyn s hu cho t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi l t i sn thuc s hu ca t chc . 2. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc giao cho t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi qun l v s dng th khng thuc s hu ca t chc . iu 229. Chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu ca t chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi T chc chnh tr, t chc chnh tr - x hi thc hin quyn chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh theo quy nh ca php lut v ph hp vi mc ch hot ng c quy nh trong iu l.
Mc 6 S HU ca t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip

iu 230. S hu ca t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip S hu ca t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip l s hu ca c t chc nhm thc hin mc ch chung ca cc th nh vin c quy nh trong iu l. iu 231. T i sn thuc hnh thc s hu ca t chc chnh tr x hi ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip T i sn c hnh th nh t ngun ng gp ca cc th nh vin, t i sn c tng cho chung hoc t cc ngun khc ph hp vi quy nh ca php lut l t i sn thuc s hu ca t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip . iu 232. Chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu ca t chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip T chc chnh tr x hi - ngh nghip, t chc x hi, t chc x hi - ngh nghip thc hin quyn chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh theo quy nh ca php lut v ph hp vi mc ch hot ng c quy nh trong iu l.

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Chng XIV
XC LP, CHM DT QUYN S HU Mc 1 XC LP QUYN S HU

iu 233. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi t i sn c c do lao ng, do hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh hp php Ngi lao ng, ngi tin h nh hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh hp php c quyn s hu i vi t i sn do lao ng, do hot ng sn xut, kinh doanh hp php, k t thi im c c t i sn . iu 234. Xc lp quyn s hu theo tho thun Ngi c giao t i sn thng qua hp ng mua bn, tng cho, trao i, cho vay c quyn s hu t i sn , k t thi im chuyn giao t i sn, nu cc bn khng c tho thun khc hoc php lut khng c quy nh khc. iu 235. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi hoa li, li tc Ch s hu, ngi s dng t i sn c quyn s hu i vi hoa li, li tc theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut, k t thi im thu c hoa li, li tc . iu 236. Xc lp quyn s hu trong trng hp sp nhp 1. Trong trng hp t i sn ca nhiu ch s hu khc nhau c sp nhp vi nhau to th nh vt khng chia c v khng th xc nh t i sn em sp nhp l vt chnh hoc vt ph th vt mi c to th nh l t i sn thuc s hu chung ca cc ch s hu ; nu t i sn em sp nhp l vt chnh v vt ph th vt mi c to th nh thuc ch s hu vt chnh, k t thi im vt mi c to th nh; ch s hu t i sn mi phi thanh ton cho ch s hu vt ph phn gi tr ca vt ph , nu khng c tho thun khc. 2. Khi mt ngi sp nhp t i sn l ng sn ca ngi khc v o t i sn l ng sn ca mnh, mc d bit hoc phi bit t i sn khng phi l ca mnh v cng khng c s ng ca ch s hu t i sn b sp nhp th ch s hu t i sn b sp nhp c mt trong cc quyn sau y: a) Yu cu ngi sp nhp t i sn giao t i sn mi cho mnh v thanh ton cho ngi sp nhp gi tr t i sn ca ngi ; b) Yu cu ngi sp nhp t i sn thanh ton gi tr phn t i sn ca mnh v bi thng thit hi, nu khng nhn t i sn mi. 3. Khi mt ngi sp nhp t i sn l ng sn ca ngi khc v o t i sn l bt ng sn ca mnh, mc d bit hoc phi bit t i sn khng phi l ca mnh v cng khng c s ng ca ch s hu t i sn b sp nhp th ch s hu t i sn b sp nhp c quyn yu cu ngi sp nhp t i sn thanh ton gi tr phn t i sn ca mnh v bi thng thit hi.

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iu 237. Xc lp quyn s hu trong trng hp trn ln 1. Trong trng hp t i sn ca nhiu ch s hu khc nhau c trn ln vi nhau to th nh vt mi khng chia c th vt mi l t i sn thuc s hu chung ca cc ch s hu , k t thi im trn ln. 2. Khi mt ngi trn ln t i sn ca ngi khc v o t i sn ca mnh, mc d bit hoc phi bit t i sn khng phi ca mnh v khng c s ng ca ch s hu t i sn b trn ln th ch s hu t i sn b trn ln c mt trong cc quyn sau y: a) Yu cu ngi trn ln t i sn giao t i sn mi cho mnh v thanh ton cho ngi trn ln phn gi tr t i sn ca ngi ; b) Yu cu ngi trn ln t i sn thanh ton gi tr phn t i sn ca mnh v bi thng thit hi, nu khng nhn t i sn mi. iu 238. Xc lp quyn s hu trong trng hp ch bin 1. Ch s hu ca nguyn vt liu c em ch bin to th nh vt mi cng l ch s hu ca vt mi c to th nh. 2. Ngi dng nguyn vt liu thuc s hu ca ngi khc ch bin m ngay tnh th tr th nh ch s hu ca t i sn mi nhng phi thanh ton gi tr nguyn vt liu, bi thng thit hi cho ch s hu nguyn vt liu . 3. Trong trng hp ngi ch bin khng ngay tnh th ch s hu nguyn vt liu c quyn yu cu giao li vt mi; nu c nhiu ch s hu nguyn vt liu th nhng ngi n y l ng ch s hu theo phn i vi vt mi c to th nh, tng ng vi gi tr nguyn vt liu ca mi ngi. Ch s hu nguyn vt liu b ch bin khng ngay tnh c quyn yu cu ngi ch bin bi thng thit hi. iu 239. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi vt v ch, vt khng xc nh c ch s hu 1. Vt v ch l vt m ch s hu t b quyn s hu i vi vt . Ngi pht hin vt v ch l ng sn th c quyn s hu t i sn theo quy nh ca php lut; nu vt c pht hin l bt ng sn th thuc Nh nc. 2. Ngi pht hin vt khng xc nh c ai l ch s hu phi thng bo hoc giao np cho U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn hoc cng an c s gn nht thng bo cng khai cho ch s hu bit m nhn li. Vic giao np phi c lp bin bn, trong ghi r h, tn, a ch ca ngi giao np, ngi nhn, tnh trng, s lng, khi lng t i sn giao np. U ban nhn dn hoc cng an c s nhn vt phi thng bo cho ngi pht hin v kt qu xc nh ch s hu. Trong trng hp vt khng xc nh c ai l ch s hu l ng sn th sau mt nm, k t ng y thng bo cng khai, m vn khng xc nh c ai l ch s hu th ng sn thuc s hu ca ngi pht hin theo quy nh ca

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php lut; nu vt l bt ng sn th sau nm nm, k t ng y thng bo cng khai vn cha xc nh c ai l ch s hu th bt ng sn thuc Nh nc; ngi pht hin c hng mt khon tin thng theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 240. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi vt b chn giu, b chm m c tm thy Vt b chn giu, b chm m c tm thy m khng c hoc khng xc nh c ai l ch s hu th sau khi tr chi ph tm kim, bo qun, quyn s hu i vi vt c xc nh nh sau: 1. Vt c tm thy l di tch lch s, vn ho th thuc Nh nc; ngi tm thy vt c hng mt khon tin thng theo quy nh ca php lut; 2. Vt c tm thy khng phi l di tch lch s, vn ho, m c gi tr n mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh th thuc s hu ca ngi tm thy; nu vt tm thy c gi tr ln hn mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh th ngi tm thy c hng gi tr bng mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh v 50% gi tr ca phn vt qu mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh, phn gi tr cn li thuc Nh nc. iu 241. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi vt do ngi khc nh ri, b qun 1. Ngi nht c vt do ngi khc nh ri hoc b qun m bit c a ch ca ngi nh ri hoc b qun th phi thng bo hoc tr li vt cho ngi ; nu khng bit a ch ca ngi nh ri hoc b qun th phi thng bo hoc giao np cho U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn hoc cng an c s gn nht thng bo cng khai cho ch s hu bit m nhn li. U ban nhn dn hoc cng an c s nhn vt phi thng bo cho ngi giao np v kt qu xc nh ch s hu. 2. Sau mt nm, k t ng y thng bo cng khai v vt nht c m khng xc nh c ch s hu hoc ch s hu khng n nhn, nu vt c gi tr n mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh th vt thuc s hu ca ngi nht c; nu vt c gi tr ln hn mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh th sau khi tr chi ph bo qun ngi nht c c hng gi tr bng mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh v 50% gi tr ca phn vt qu mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh, phn gi tr cn li thuc Nh nc. 3. Vt b nh ri, b b qun l di tch lch s, vn ho m sau mt nm, k t ng y thng bo cng khai, khng xc nh c ch s hu hoc khng c ngi n nhn th vt thuc Nh nc; ngi nht c vt c hng mt khon tin thng theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 242. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi gia sc b tht lc Ngi bt c gia sc b tht lc phi nui gi v bo cho U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn ni ngi c tr thng bo cng khai cho ch s hu bit m nhn li. Ch s hu nhn li gia sc b tht lc phi thanh ton tin cng nui gi v cc chi ph khc cho ngi bt c.

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Sau su thng, k t ng y thng bo cng khai m khng c ngi n nhn th gia sc thuc s hu ca ngi bt c; nu gia sc bt c l gia sc th rng theo tp qun th thi hn n y l mt nm. Trong thi gian nui gi gia sc b tht lc, nu gia sc c sinh con th ngi bt c gia sc c hng mt na s gia sc sinh ra v phi bi thng thit hi nu c li c l m cht gia sc. iu 243. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi gia cm b tht lc Trong trng hp gia cm ca mt ngi b tht lc, m ngi khc bt c th ngi bt c phi thng bo cng khai ch s hu gia cm bit m nhn li. Ch s hu nhn li gia cm b tht lc phi thanh ton tin cng nui gi v cc chi ph khc cho ngi bt c. Sau mt thng, k t ng y thng bo cng khai m khng c ngi n nhn th gia cm thuc s hu ca ngi bt c. Trong thi gian nui gi gia cm b tht lc, ngi bt c gia cm c hng hoa li do gia cm sinh ra v phi bi thng thit hi nu c li c l m cht gia cm. iu 244. Xc lp quyn s hu i vi vt nui di nc Khi vt nui di nc ca mt ngi di chuyn t nhin v o rung, ao, h ca ngi khc th thuc s hu ca ngi c rung, ao, h . Trong trng hp vt nui di nc c du hiu ring bit c th xc nh vt nui khng thuc s hu ca mnh th ngi c rung, ao, h phi thng bo cng khai ch s hu bit m nhn li. Sau mt thng, k t ng y thng bo cng khai m khng c ngi n nhn th vt nui di nc thuc s hu ngi c rung, ao, h . iu 245. Xc lp quyn s hu do c tha k Ngi tha k c quyn s hu i vi t i sn tha k theo quy nh ti Phn th t ca B lut n y. iu 246. Xc lp quyn s hu theo bn n, quyt nh ca To n hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc Quyn s hu c th c xc lp cn c v o bn n, quyt nh ca To n hoc quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc. iu 247. Xc lp quyn s hu theo thi hiu 1. Ngi chim hu, ngi c li v t i sn khng c cn c php lut nhng ngay tnh, lin tc, cng khai trong thi hn mi nm i vi ng sn, ba mi nm i vi bt ng sn th tr th nh ch s hu t i sn , k t thi im bt u chim hu, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y. 2. Ngi chim hu t i sn thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc khng c cn c php lut th d ngay tnh, lin tc, cng khai, d thi gian chim hu l bao lu cng khng th tr th nh ch s hu t i sn .

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Mc 2 CHM DT QUYN S HU

iu 248. Ch s hu chuyn giao quyn s hu ca mnh cho ngi khc Khi ch s hu chuyn giao quyn s hu ca mnh cho ngi khc thng qua hp ng mua bn, trao i, tng cho, cho vay hoc thng qua vic tha k th quyn s hu i vi t i sn ca ngi chm dt k t thi im pht sinh quyn s hu ca ngi c chuyn giao. iu 249. T b quyn s hu Ch s hu c th t chm dt quyn s hu i vi t i sn ca mnh bng cch tuyn b cng khai hoc thc hin h nh vi chng t vic mnh t b quyn chim hu, s dng v nh ot t i sn . i vi t i sn m vic t b t i sn c th gy hi n trt t, an to n x hi, nhim mi trng th vic t b quyn s hu phi tun theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 250. T i sn m ngi khc c xc lp quyn s hu Khi vt b nh ri, b b qun, gia sc, gia cm b tht lc, vt nui di nc di chuyn t nhin m ngi khc c xc lp quyn s hu theo quy nh ti cc iu t iu 241 n iu 244 ca B lut n y th quyn s hu ca nhng ngi c t i sn chm dt. Khi quyn s hu ca ngi chim hu c xc lp theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y th chm dt quyn s hu ca ngi c t i sn b chim hu. iu 251. X l t i sn thc hin ngha v ca ch s hu 1. Quyn s hu i vi mt t i sn chm dt khi t i sn b x l thc hin ngha v ca ch s hu theo quyt nh ca To n hoc c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc, nu php lut khng c quy nh khc. 2. Vic x l t i sn thc hin ngha v ca ch s hu khng p dng i vi t i sn khng thuc din k bin theo quy nh ca php lut. 3. Quyn s hu i vi t i sn b x l thc hin ngha v ca ch s hu chm dt ti thi im pht sinh quyn s hu ca ngi nhn t i sn . 4. Vic x l quyn s dng t c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai. iu 252. T i sn b tiu hu Khi t i sn b tiu hu th quyn s hu i vi t i sn chm dt. iu 253. T i sn b trng mua Khi t i sn b trng mua theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn v l do quc phng, an ninh v v li ch quc gia th quyn s hu i vi

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t i sn ca ch s hu chm dt k t thi im quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn c hiu lc php lut. iu 254. T i sn b tch thu Khi t i sn ca ch s hu do phm ti, vi phm h nh chnh m b tch thu, sung qu nh nc th quyn s hu i vi t i sn chm dt k t thi im bn n, quyt nh ca To n, quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc c hiu lc php lut. Chng XV
BO V QUYN S HU

iu 255. Cc bin php bo v quyn s hu Ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php c quyn yu cu To n, c quan, t chc c thm quyn khc buc ngi c h nh vi xm phm quyn s hu, quyn chim hu phi tr li t i sn, chm dt h nh vi cn tr tri php lut vic thc hin quyn s hu, quyn chim hu v yu cu bi thng thit hi. Ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php c quyn t bo v t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh, t i sn ang chim hu hp php bng nhng bin php theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 256. Quyn i li t i sn Ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php c quyn yu cu ngi chim hu, ngi s dng t i sn, ngi c li v t i sn khng c cn c php lut i vi t i sn thuc quyn s hu hoc quyn chim hu hp php ca mnh phi tr li t i sn , tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y. Trong trng hp t i sn ang thuc s chim hu ca ngi chim hu ngay tnh th p dng iu 257 v iu 258 ca B lut n y. iu 257. Quyn i li ng sn khng phi ng k quyn s hu t ngi chim hu ngay tnh Ch s hu c quyn i li ng sn khng phi ng k quyn s hu t ngi chim hu ngay tnh trong trng hp ngi chim hu ngay tnh c c ng sn n y thng qua hp ng khng c n b vi ngi khng c quyn nh ot t i sn; trong trng hp hp ng n y l hp ng c n b th ch s hu c quyn i li ng sn nu ng sn b ly cp, b mt hoc trng hp khc b chim hu ngo i ch ca ch s hu. iu 258. Quyn i li ng sn phi ng k quyn s hu hoc bt ng sn t ngi chim hu ngay tnh Ch s hu c i li ng sn phi ng k quyn s hu v bt ng sn, tr trng hp ngi th ba chim hu ngay tnh nhn c t i sn n y thng qua bn u gi hoc giao dch vi ngi m theo bn n, quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn l ch s hu t i sn nhng sau ngi n y khng phi l ch s hu t i sn do bn n, quyt nh b hu, sa.

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iu 259. Quyn yu cu ngn chn hoc chm dt h nh vi cn tr tri php lut i vi vic thc hin quyn s hu, quyn chim hu hp php Khi thc hin quyn s hu, quyn chim hu ca mnh, ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php c quyn yu cu ngi c h nh vi cn tr tri php lut phi chm dt h nh vi ; nu khng c s chm dt t nguyn th c quyn yu cu To n, c quan, t chc c thm quyn khc buc ngi chm dt h nh vi vi phm. iu 260. Quyn yu cu bi thng thit hi Ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php c quyn yu cu ngi c h nh vi xm phm quyn s hu, quyn chim hu ca mnh bi thng thit hi. iu 261. Bo v quyn ca ngi chim hu m khng phi l ch s hu Cc quyn c quy nh ti cc iu t iu 255 n iu 260 ca B lut n y cng thuc v ngi tuy khng phi l ch s hu nhng chim hu t i sn trn c s quyn s dng t, quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k hoc theo cn c khc do php lut quy nh hoc theo tho thun. Chng XVI
NHNG QUY NH KHC V QUYN S HU

iu 262. Ngha v ca ch s hu trong trng hp xy ra tnh th cp thit 1. Tnh th cp thit l tnh th ca ngi v mun trnh mt nguy c ang thc t e da trc tip li ch ca Nh nc, ca tp th, quyn, li ch hp php ca mnh hoc ca ngi khc m khng cn cch n o khc l phi c h nh ng gy mt thit hi nh hn thit hi cn ngn chn. 2. Trong tnh th cp thit, ch s hu t i sn khng c cn tr ngi khc dng t i sn ca mnh hoc cn tr ngi khc gy thit hi i vi t i sn ngn chn, l m gim mi nguy him hoc thit hi ln hn c nguy c xy ra. 3. Gy thit hi trong tnh th cp thit khng phi l h nh vi xm phm quyn s hu. Ch s hu c bi thng thit hi theo quy nh ti khon 3 iu 614 ca B lut n y. iu 263. Ngha v ca ch s hu trong vic bo v mi trng Khi s dng, bo qun, t b t i sn ca mnh, ch s hu phi tun theo cc quy nh ca php lut v bo v mi trng; nu l m nhim mi trng th phi chm dt h nh vi gy nhim, thc hin cc bin php khc phc hu qu v bi thng thit hi. iu 264. Ngha v ca ch s hu trong vic tn trng, bo m trt t, an to n x hi Khi thc hin quyn chim hu, s dng, nh ot t i sn ca mnh, ch s hu phi tn trng, bo m trt t, an to n x hi, khng c lm dng quyn

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s hu gy mt trt t, an to n x hi, l m thit hi n li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 265. Ngha v tn trng ranh gii gia cc bt ng sn 1. Ranh gii gia cc bt ng sn lin k c xc nh theo tho thun ca cc ch s hu hoc theo quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. Ranh gii cng c th c xc nh theo tp qun hoc theo ranh gii tn ti t ba mi nm tr ln m khng c tranh chp. 2. Ngi c quyn s dng t c s dng khng gian v lng t theo chiu thng ng t ranh gii trong khun vin t ph hp vi quy hoch xy dng do c quan nh nc c thm quyn quy nh v khng c l m nh hng n vic s dng t lin k ca ngi khc. Ngi s dng t ch c trng cy v l m cc vic khc trong khun vin t thuc quyn s dng ca mnh v theo ranh gii c xc nh; nu r cy, c nh cy vt qu ranh gii th phi xn r, ta c nh phn vt qu, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 3. Trong trng hp ranh gii l knh, mng, h o, r nh, b rung th ngi s dng t c ngha v tn trng, duy tr ranh gii chung; khng c ln, chim, thay i mc gii ngn cch. iu 266. Quyn s hu i vi mc gii ngn cch cc bt ng sn 1. Ch s hu bt ng sn lin k ch c dng ct mc, h ng r o, xy tng ngn trn phn t thuc quyn s dng ca mnh. Nhng ngi s dng t lin k c th tho thun vi nhau v vic dng ct mc, h ng r o, xy tng ngn, trng cy trn ranh gii l m mc gii ngn cch gia cc bt ng sn; nhng vt mc gii n y l s hu chung ca nhng ngi . Trong trng hp mc gii ngn cch ch do mt bn to nn trn ranh gii v c ch s hu bt ng sn lin k ng th mc gii ngn cch l s hu chung, chi ph xy dng do bn to nn chu, tr trng hp c tho thun khc; nu ch s hu bt ng sn lin k khng ng m c l do chnh ng th ch s hu dng ct mc, h ng r o, xy tng ngn phi d b. i vi cy l mc gii chung, cc bn u c ngha v bo v; hoa li thu c t cy c chia u, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. i vi mc gii l tng nh chung, ch s hu bt ng sn lin k khng c tr ca s, l thng kh hoc c tng t kt cu xy dng, tr trng hp c ch s hu bt ng sn lin k ng . Trong trng hp nh xy ring bit nhng tng st lin nhau th ch s hu cng ch c c tng, t kt cu xy dng n gii hn ngn cch tng ca mnh. iu 267. Ngha v tn trng quy tc xy dng 1. Khi xy dng cng trnh, ch s hu cng trnh phi tun theo php lut v xy dng, bo m an to n, khng c xy vt qu cao, khong cch m php lut v xy dng quy nh v khng c xm phm n quyn, li ch hp

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php ca ch s hu bt ng sn lin k v xung quanh. 2. Khi c nguy c xy ra s c i vi cng trnh xy dng, nh hng n bt ng sn lin k v xung quanh th ch s hu cng trnh phi cho ngng ngay vic xy dng, sa cha hoc d b theo yu cu ca ch s hu bt ng sn lin k v xung quanh hoc theo yu cu ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn; nu gy thit hi th phi bi thng. 3. Khi xy dng cng trnh v sinh, kho cha ho cht c hi v cc cng trnh khc m vic s dng c kh nng gy nhim mi trng, ch s hu phi xy cch mc gii mt khong cch v v tr hp l, phi bo m v sinh, an to n v khng l m nh hng n ch s hu bt ng sn lin k v xung quanh. iu 268. Ngha v bo m an to n i vi cng trnh xy dng lin k Khi o ging, o ao hoc xy dng cc cng trnh di mt t, ch s hu cng trnh phi o, xy cch mc gii mt khong cch do php lut v xy dng quy nh. Trong trng hp cng trnh c nguy c e do s an to n bt ng sn lin k v xung quanh th ch cng trnh phi thc hin ngay cc bin php khc phc; nu gy thit hi cho ch s hu bt ng sn lin k v xung quanh th phi bi thng. iu 269. Ngha v ca ch s hu trong vic thot nc ma Ch s hu nh phi lp t ng dn nc sao cho nc ma t mi nh ca mnh khng c chy xung bt ng sn ca ch s hu bt ng sn lin k. iu 270. Ngha v ca ch s hu trong vic thot nc thi Ch s hu nh phi l m cng ngm hoc r nh thot nc a nc thi ra ni quy nh, sao cho nc thi khng chy tr n sang bt ng sn ca ch s hu bt ng sn lin k, ra ng cng cng hoc ni sinh hot cng cng l m nhim mi trng. iu 271. Hn ch quyn tr ca 1. Ch s hu nh ch c tr ca ra v o, ca s quay sang nh bn cnh, nh i din v ng i chung theo quy nh ca php lut v xy dng. 2. Mi che trn ca ra v o, ca s quay ra ng i chung phi cch mt t t 2,5 mt tr ln. iu 272. Quyn yu cu sa cha, ph d bt ng sn lin k Trong trng hp cy ci, cng trnh xy dng c nguy c sp xung bt ng sn lin k hoc ni sinh hot cng cng th ch s hu phi cht cy, sa cha hoc ph d cng trnh xy dng . Ch s hu bt ng sn lin k c quyn yu cu ch s hu cy ci, cng trnh xy dng c nguy c sp phi cht cy, ph d; nu ngi khng cht cy, ph d th ch s hu bt ng sn lin k c quyn yu cu c quan nh nc c thm quyn cho cht cy, ph d. Chi ph cht cy, ph d do ch s hu

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cy ci, cng trnh xy dng chu. iu 273. Quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k Ch s hu nh , ngi s dng t c quyn s dng bt ng sn lin k thuc s hu ca ngi khc bo m cc nhu cu ca mnh v li i, cp, thot nc, cp kh ga, ng dy ti in, thng tin lin lc v cc nhu cu cn thit khc mt cch hp l, nhng phi n b, nu khng c tho thun khc. iu 274. Xc lp quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k 1. Quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k c xc lp theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. 2. Trong trng hp quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k c xc lp cho ch s hu nh , ngi s dng t th ngi c chuyn giao nh , quyn s dng t cng c hng quyn . iu 275. Quyn v li i qua bt ng sn lin k 1. Ch s hu bt ng sn b vy bc bi cc bt ng sn ca cc ch s hu khc m khng c li i ra, c quyn yu cu mt trong nhng ch s hu bt ng sn lin k d nh cho mnh mt li i ra n ng cng cng; ngi c yu cu c ngha v p ng yu cu . Ngi c d nh li i phi n b cho ch s hu bt ng sn lin k, nu khng c tho thun khc. Li i c m trn bt ng sn lin k n o m c coi l thun tin v hp l nht, c tnh n c im c th ca a im, li ch ca bt ng sn b vy bc v thit hi gy ra l t nht cho bt ng sn c m li i. 2. V tr, gii hn chiu d i, chiu rng, chiu cao ca li i do cc bn tho thun, bo m thun tin cho vic i li v t gy phin h cho cc bn; nu c tranh chp v li i th c quyn yu cu c quan nh nc c thm quyn xc nh. 3. Trong trng hp bt ng sn c chia th nh nhiu phn cho cc ch s hu, ch s dng khc nhau th khi chia phi d nh li i cn thit cho ngi pha trong theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y m khng c n b. iu 276. Quyn mc ng dy ti in, thng tin lin lc qua bt ng sn lin k Ch s hu bt ng sn c quyn mc ng dy ti in, thng tin lin lc qua bt ng sn ca cc ch s hu khc mt cch hp l, nhng phi bo m an to n v thun tin cho cc ch s hu ; nu gy thit hi th phi bi thng. iu 277. Quyn v cp, thot nc qua bt ng sn lin k Trong trng hp do v tr t nhin ca bt ng sn m vic cp, thot nc buc phi qua mt bt ng sn khc th ch s hu bt ng sn c nc chy qua phi d nh mt li cp, thot nc thch hp, khng c cn tr hoc ngn chn dng nc chy. Ngi s dng li cp, thot nc phi hn ch n mc thp nht thit hi cho ch s hu bt ng sn c nc chy qua khi lp t ng dn nc; nu gy thit hi th phi bi thng. Trong trng hp nc t

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nhin chy t v tr cao xung v tr thp m gy thit hi cho ch s hu bt ng sn c nc chy qua th ngi s dng li cp, thot nc khng phi bi thng thit hi. iu 278. Quyn v ti nc, tiu nc trong canh tc Ngi c quyn s dng t canh tc khi c nhu cu v ti nc, tiu nc, c quyn yu cu nhng ngi s dng t xung quanh cho mnh mt li dn nc thch hp, thun tin cho vic ti, tiu; ngi c yu cu c ngha v p ng yu cu ; nu ngi s dng li dn nc gy thit hi cho ngi s dng t xung quanh th phi bi thng. iu 279. Chm dt quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k Quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Bt ng sn lin k vi bt ng sn ca ch s hu ang thc hin quyn s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k nhp l m mt; 2. Ch s hu nh , ngi s dng t khng cn nhu cu s dng hn ch bt ng sn lin k.
PHN TH BA NGHA V Dn s V HP NG dn s

Chng XVII
NHNG QUY NH CHUNG Mc 1 NGHA V dn s

iu 280. Ngha v dn s Ngha v dn s l vic m theo , mt hoc nhiu ch th (sau y gi chung l bn c ngha v) phi chuyn giao vt, chuyn giao quyn, tr tin hoc giy t c gi, thc hin cng vic khc hoc khng c thc hin cng vic nht nh v li ch ca mt hoc nhiu ch th khc (sau y gi chung l bn c quyn). iu 281. Cn c pht sinh ngha v dn s Ngha v dn s pht sinh t cc cn c sau y: 1. Hp ng dn s; 2. H nh vi php l n phng; 3. Thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn; 4. Chim hu, s dng t i sn hoc c li v t i sn khng c cn c php lut; 5. Gy thit hi do h nh vi tri php lut;

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6. Nhng cn c khc do php lut quy nh. iu 282. i tng ca ngha v dn s 1. i tng ca ngha v dn s c th l t i sn, cng vic phi thc hin hoc khng c thc hin. 2. i tng ca ngha v dn s phi c xc nh c th. 3. Ch nhng t i sn c th giao dch c, nhng cng vic c th thc hin c m php lut khng cm, khng tri o c x hi mi l i tng ca ngha v dn s.
Mc 2 THC HIN NGHA V dn s

iu 283. Nguyn tc thc hin ngha v dn s Bn c ngha v dn s phi thc hin ngha v ca mnh mt cch trung thc, theo tinh thn hp tc, ng cam kt, khng tri php lut, o c x hi. iu 284. a im thc hin ngha v dn s 1. a im thc hin ngha v dn s do cc bn tho thun. 2. Trong trng hp khng c tho thun th a im thc hin ngha v dn s c xc nh nh sau: a) Ni c bt ng sn, nu i tng ca ngha v dn s l bt ng sn; b) Ni c tr hoc tr s ca bn c quyn, nu i tng ca ngha v dn s khng phi l bt ng sn. Khi bn c quyn thay i ni c tr hoc tr s th phi bo cho bn c ngha v v phi chu chi ph tng ln do vic thay i ni c tr hoc tr s, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 285. Thi hn thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Thi hn thc hin ngha v dn s do cc bn tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. Bn c ngha v phi thc hin ngha v dn s ng thi hn; ch c thc hin ngha v dn s trc thi hn khi c s ng ca bn c quyn; nu bn c ngha v t thc hin ngha v trc thi hn v bn c quyn chp nhn vic thc hin ngha v th ngha v c coi l ho n th nh ng thi hn. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn khng tho thun v php lut khng quy nh v thi hn thc hin ngha v dn s th cc bn c th thc hin ngha v hoc yu cu thc hin ngha v v o bt c lc n o, nhng phi thng bo cho nhau bit trc mt thi gian hp l. iu 286. Chm thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Chm thc hin ngha v dn s l ngha v vn cha c thc hin hoc ch c thc hin mt phn khi thi hn thc hin ngha v ht.

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2. Bn chm thc hin ngha v dn s phi thng bo ngay cho bn c quyn v vic khng thc hin ngha v ng thi hn. iu 287. Ho n thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Khi khng th thc hin c ngha v dn s ng thi hn th bn c ngha v phi thng bo ngay cho bn c quyn bit v ngh c ho n vic thc hin ngha v. Trng hp khng thng bo cho bn c quyn th bn c ngha v phi bi thng thit hi pht sinh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc do nguyn nhn khch quan khng th thng bo. 2. Bn c ngha v c ho n vic thc hin ngha v, nu c bn c quyn ng . Vic thc hin ngha v dn s khi c ho n vn c coi l thc hin ng thi hn. iu 288. Chm tip nhn vic thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Chm tip nhn vic thc hin ngha v dn s l khi n thi hn thc hin ngha v m bn c ngha v thc hin theo tho thun nhng bn c quyn khng tip nhn vic thc hin ngha v . 2. Trong trng hp chm tip nhn i tng ca ngha v l t i sn th bn c ngha v phi p dng cc bin php cn thit bo qun t i sn v c quyn yu cu thanh ton chi ph hp l. 3. i vi t i sn c nguy c b h hng th bn c ngha v c quyn bn t i sn v tr cho bn c quyn khon tin thu c t vic bn t i sn sau khi tr i chi ph hp l bo qun v bn t i sn . iu 289. Thc hin ngha v giao vt 1. Bn c ngha v giao vt phi bo qun, gi gn vt cho n khi giao. 2. Khi vt phi giao l vt c nh th bn c ngha v phi giao ng vt v ng tnh trng nh cam kt; nu l vt cng loi th phi giao ng s lng v cht lng nh tho thun v nu khng c tho thun v cht lng th phi giao vt vi cht lng trung bnh; nu l vt ng b th phi giao ng b. 3. Bn c ngha v phi chu mi chi ph v vic giao vt, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 290. Thc hin ngha v tr tin 1. Ngha v tr tin phi c thc hin y , ng thi hn, ng a im v phng thc tho thun. 2. Ngha v tr tin bao gm c tin l i trn n gc, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 291. Ngha v phi thc hin hoc khng c thc hin mt cng vic 1. Ngha v phi thc hin mt cng vic l ngha v m theo bn c ngha v phi thc hin ng cng vic .

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2. Ngha v khng c thc hin mt cng vic l ngha v m theo bn c ngha v khng c thc hin cng vic . iu 292. Thc hin ngha v dn s theo nh k Ngha v dn s c thc hin theo nh k nu c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. Vic chm thc hin ngha v dn s theo tng k cng b coi l chm thc hin ngha v dn s. iu 293. Thc hin ngha v dn s thng qua ngi th ba Khi c bn c quyn ng , bn c ngha v c th u quyn cho ngi th ba thay mnh thc hin ngha v dn s nhng vn phi chu trch nhim vi bn c quyn, nu ngi th ba khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v dn s. iu 294. Thc hin ngha v dn s c iu kin Trong trng hp cc bn c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh v iu kin thc hin ngha v dn s th khi iu kin pht sinh, bn c ngha v phi thc hin. iu 295. Thc hin ngha v dn s c i tng tu la chn 1. Ngha v dn s c i tng tu la chn l ngha v m i tng l mt trong nhiu t i sn hoc cng vic khc nhau v bn c ngha v c th tu la chn, tr trng hp c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh d nh quyn la chn cho bn c quyn. 2. Bn c ngha v phi thng bo cho bn c quyn bit v vic t i sn hoc cng vic c la chn thc hin ngha v. Trng hp bn c quyn xc nh thi hn thc hin ngha v c la chn th bn c ngha v phi ho n th nh ng thi hn. 3. Trong trng hp ch cn mt t i sn hoc mt cng vic th bn c ngha v phi giao t i sn hoc thc hin cng vic . iu 296. Thc hin ngha v dn s thay th c Ngha v dn s thay th c l ngha v m bn c ngha v khng thc hin c ngha v ban u th c th thc hin mt ngha v khc c bn c quyn chp nhn thay th ngha v dn s . iu 297. Thc hin ngha v dn s ring r Khi nhiu ngi cng thc hin mt ngha v dn s, nhng mi ngi c mt phn ngha v nht nh v ring r vi nhau th mi ngi ch phi thc hin phn ngha v ca mnh. iu 298. Thc hin ngha v dn s lin i 1. Ngha v dn s lin i l ngha v do nhiu ngi cng phi thc hin v bn c quyn c th yu cu bt c ai trong s nhng ngi c ngha v phi thc

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hin to n b ngha v. 2. Trong trng hp mt ngi thc hin to n b ngha v th c quyn yu cu nhng ngi c ngha v lin i khc phi thc hin phn ngha v lin i ca h i vi mnh. 3. Trong trng hp bn c quyn ch nh mt trong s nhng ngi c ngha v lin i thc hin to n b ngha v, nhng sau li min cho ngi th nhng ngi cn li cng c min thc hin ngha v. 4. Trong trng hp bn c quyn ch min vic thc hin ngha v cho mt trong s nhng ngi c ngha v lin i khng phi thc hin phn ngha v ca mnh th nhng ngi cn li vn phi lin i thc hin phn ngha v ca h. iu 299. Thc hin ngha v dn s i vi nhiu ngi c quyn lin i 1. Ngha v dn s i vi nhiu ngi c quyn lin i l ngha v m theo mi ngi trong s nhng ngi c quyn u c th yu cu bn c ngha v thc hin to n b ngha v. 2. Bn c ngha v c th thc hin ngha v ca mnh i vi bt c ai trong s nhng ngi c quyn lin i. 3. Trong trng hp mt trong s nhng ngi c quyn lin i min cho bn c ngha v khng phi thc hin phn ngha v i vi mnh th bn c ngha v vn phi thc hin phn ngha v cn li i vi nhng ngi c quyn lin i khc. iu 300. Thc hin ngha v dn s phn chia c theo phn 1. Ngha v dn s phn chia c theo phn l ngha v m i tng ca ngha v l vt chia c hoc cng vic c th chia th nh nhiu phn thc hin. 2. Bn c ngha v c th thc hin tng phn ngha v, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 301. Thc hin ngha v dn s khng phn chia c theo phn 1. Ngha v dn s khng phn chia c theo phn l ngha v m i tng ca ngha v l vt khng chia c hoc l cng vic phi c thc hin cng mt lc. 2. Trong trng hp nhiu ngi cng phi thc hin mt ngha v khng phn chia c th h phi thc hin ngha v cng mt lc.
Mc 3 Trch nhim dn s

iu 302. Trch nhim dn s do vi phm ngha v dn s 1. Bn c ngha v m khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v th phi chu trch nhim dn s i vi bn c quyn. 2. Trong trng hp bn c ngha v khng th thc hin c ngha v dn

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s do s kin bt kh khng th khng phi chu trch nhim dn s, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 3. Bn c ngha v khng phi chu trch nhim dn s nu chng minh c ngha v khng thc hin c l ho n to n do li ca bn c quyn. iu 303. Trch nhim dn s do khng thc hin ngha v giao vt 1. Khi bn c ngha v khng thc hin ngha v giao vt c nh th ngi c quyn c quyn yu cu bn c ngha v phi giao ng vt ; nu vt khng cn hoc b h hng th phi thanh ton gi tr ca vt. 2. Khi bn c ngha v khng thc hin c ngha v giao vt cng loi th phi thanh ton gi tr ca vt. 3. Trong trng hp bn c ngha v khng thc hin c ngha v theo quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu n y m gy thit hi cho bn c quyn th ngo i vic thanh ton gi tr ca vt cn phi bi thng thit hi cho bn c quyn. iu 304. Trch nhim dn s do khng thc hin ngha v phi thc hin hoc khng c thc hin mt cng vic 1. Trong trng hp bn c ngha v khng thc hin mt cng vic m mnh phi thc hin th bn c quyn c th yu cu bn c ngha v tip tc thc hin hoc t mnh thc hin hoc giao cho ngi khc thc hin cng vic v yu cu bn c ngha v thanh ton chi ph hp l v bi thng thit hi. 2. Khi bn c ngha v khng c thc hin mt cng vic m li thc hin cng vic th bn c quyn c quyn yu cu bn c ngha v phi chm dt vic thc hin, khi phc tnh trng ban u v bi thng thit hi. iu 305. Trch nhim dn s do chm thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Khi ngha v dn s chm c thc hin th bn c quyn c th gia hn bn c ngha v ho n th nh ngha v; nu qu thi hn n y m ngha v vn cha c ho n th nh th theo yu cu ca bn c quyn, bn c ngha v vn phi thc hin ngha v v bi thng thit hi; nu vic thc hin ngha v khng cn cn thit i vi bn c quyn th bn n y c quyn t chi tip nhn vic thc hin ngha v v yu cu bi thng thit hi. 2. Trong trng hp bn c ngha v chm tr tin th bn phi tr l i i vi s tin chm tr theo l i sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc cng b tng ng vi thi gian chm tr ti thi im thanh ton, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 306. Trch nhim dn s do chm tip nhn vic thc hin ngha v dn s Bn c quyn chm tip nhn vic thc hin ngha v dn s l m pht sinh thit hi cho bn c ngha v th phi bi thng thit hi cho ngi v phi chu mi ri ro xy ra k t thi im chm tip nhn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc.

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iu 307. Trch nhim bi thng thit hi 1. Trch nhim bi thng thit hi bao gm trch nhim bi thng thit hi v vt cht, trch nhim bi thng b p tn tht v tinh thn. 2. Trch nhim bi thng thit hi v vt cht l trch nhim b p tn tht vt cht thc t, tnh c th nh tin do bn vi phm gy ra, bao gm tn tht v t i sn, chi ph hp l ngn chn, hn ch, khc phc thit hi, thu nhp thc t b mt hoc b gim st. 3. Ngi gy thit hi v tinh thn cho ngi khc do xm phm n tnh mng, sc kho, danh d, nhn phm, uy tn ca ngi th ngo i vic chm dt h nh vi vi phm, xin li, ci chnh cng khai cn phi bi thng mt khon tin b p tn tht v tinh thn cho ngi b thit hi. iu 308. Li trong trch nhim dn s 1. Ngi khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v dn s th phi chu trch nhim dn s khi c li c hoc li v , tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 2. C gy thit hi l trng hp mt ngi nhn thc r h nh vi ca mnh s gy thit hi cho ngi khc m vn thc hin v mong mun hoc tuy khng mong mun nhng mc cho thit hi xy ra. V gy thit hi l trng hp mt ngi khng thy trc h nh vi ca mnh c kh nng gy thit hi, mc d phi bit hoc c th bit trc thit hi s xy ra hoc thy trc h nh vi ca mnh c kh nng gy thit hi, nhng cho rng thit hi s khng xy ra hoc c th ngn chn c.
Mc 4 CHUYN GIAO QUYN YU CU V CHUYN GIAO NGHA V dn s

iu 309. Chuyn giao quyn yu cu 1. Bn c quyn yu cu thc hin ngha v dn s c th chuyn giao quyn yu cu cho ngi th quyn theo tho thun, tr nhng trng hp sau y: a) Quyn yu cu cp dng, yu cu bi thng thit hi do xm phm n tnh mng, sc kho, danh d, nhn phm, uy tn; b) Bn c quyn v bn c ngha v c tho thun khng c chuyn giao quyn yu cu; c) Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. 2. Khi bn c quyn yu cu chuyn giao quyn yu cu cho ngi th quyn th ngi th quyn tr th nh bn c quyn yu cu. Ngi chuyn giao quyn yu cu phi bo cho bn c ngha v bit bng vn bn v vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu. Vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu khng cn c s ng ca bn c ngha v, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc.

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iu 310. Hnh thc chuyn giao quyn yu cu 1. Vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu c th hin bng vn bn hoc bng li ni. 2. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu phi c th hin bng vn bn, phi c cng chng hoc chng thc, ng k hoc phi xin php th phi tun theo cc quy nh . iu 311. Ngha v cung cp thng tin v chuyn giao giy t 1. Ngi chuyn giao quyn yu cu phi cung cp thng tin cn thit, chuyn giao giy t c lin quan cho ngi th quyn. 2. Ngi chuyn giao quyn yu cu vi phm ngha v quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y m gy thit hi th phi bi thng thit hi. iu 312. Khng chu trch nhim sau khi chuyn giao quyn yu cu Ngi chuyn giao quyn yu cu khng phi chu trch nhim v kh nng thc hin ngha v ca bn c ngha v, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 313. Chuyn giao quyn yu cu c bin php bo m thc hin ngha v dn s Trong trng hp quyn yu cu thc hin ngha v dn s c bin php bo m th vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu bao gm c bin php bo m . iu 314. Quyn t chi ca bn c ngha v 1. Trong trng hp bn c ngha v khng c thng bo v vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu hoc ngi th quyn khng chng minh v tnh xc thc ca vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu th bn c ngha v c quyn t chi vic thc hin ngha v i vi ngi th quyn. 2. Trong trng hp bn c ngha v do khng c thng bo v vic chuyn giao quyn yu cu m thc hin ngha v i vi ngi chuyn giao quyn yu cu th ngi th quyn khng c yu cu bn c ngha v phi thc hin ngha v i vi mnh. iu 315. Chuyn giao ngha v dn s 1. Bn c ngha v c th chuyn giao ngha v dn s cho ngi th ngha v nu c bn c quyn ng , tr trng hp ngha v gn lin vi nhn thn ca bn c ngha v hoc php lut c quy nh khng c chuyn giao ngha v. 2. Khi c chuyn giao ngha v th ngi th ngha v tr th nh bn c ngha v. iu 316. Hnh thc chuyn giao ngha v dn s 1. Vic chuyn giao ngha v dn s c th hin bng vn bn hoc bng li ni. 2. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh vic chuyn giao ngha v phi c th hin bng vn bn, phi c cng chng hoc chng thc, ng k hoc

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phi xin php th phi tun theo cc quy nh . iu 317. Chuyn giao ngha v dn s c bin php bo m Trong trng hp ngha v dn s c bin php bo m c chuyn giao th bin php bo m chm dt, nu khng c tho thun khc.
Mc 5 BO M THC HIN NGHA V dn s I- NHNG QUY NH CHUNG

iu 318. Bin php bo m thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Cc bin php bo m thc hin ngha v dn s bao gm: a) Cm c t i sn; b) Th chp t i sn; c) t cc; d) K cc; ) K qu; e) Bo l nh; g) Tn chp. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh v bin php bo m th ngi c ngha v phi thc hin bin php bo m . iu 319. Phm vi bo m thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Ngha v dn s c th c bo m mt phn hoc to n b theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut; nu khng c tho thun v php lut khng quy nh phm vi bo m th ngha v coi nh c bo m to n b, k c ngha v tr l i v bi thng thit hi. 2. Cc bn c tho thun v cc bin php bo m thc hin ngha v dn s bo m thc hin cc loi ngha v, k c ngha v hin ti, ngha v trong tng lai hoc ngha v c iu kin. iu 320. Vt bo m thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Vt bo m thc hin ngha v dn s phi thuc quyn s hu ca bn bo m v c php giao dch. 2. Vt dng bo m thc hin ngha v dn s l vt hin c hoc c hnh th nh trong tng lai. Vt hnh th nh trong tng lai l ng sn, bt ng sn thuc s hu ca bn bo m sau thi im ngha v c xc lp hoc giao dch bo m c giao kt. iu 321. Tin, giy t c gi dng bo m thc hin ngha v dn s Tin, tri phiu, c phiu, k phiu v giy t c gi khc c dng bo m thc hin ngha v dn s.

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iu 322. Quyn t i sn dng bo m thc hin ngha v dn s 1. Cc quyn t i sn thuc s hu ca bn bo m bao gm quyn t i sn pht sinh t quyn tc gi, quyn s hu cng nghip, quyn i vi ging cy trng, quyn i n, quyn c nhn s tin bo him i vi vt bo m, quyn t i sn i vi phn vn gp trong doanh nghip, quyn t i sn pht sinh t hp ng v cc quyn t i sn khc thuc s hu ca bn bo m u c dng bo m thc hin ngha v dn s. 2. Quyn s dng t c dng bo m thc hin ngha v dn s theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. 3. Quyn khai thc t i nguyn thin nhin c dng bo m thc hin ngha v dn s theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t i nguyn. iu 323. ng k giao dch bo m 1. Giao dch bo m l giao dch dn s do cc bn tho thun hoc php lut quy nh v vic thc hin bin php bo m c quy nh ti khon 1 iu 318 ca B lut n y. 2. Vic ng k giao dch bo m c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut v ng k giao dch bo m. Vic ng k l iu kin giao dch bo m c hiu lc ch trong trng hp php lut c quy nh. 3. Trng hp giao dch bo m c ng k theo quy nh ca php lut th giao dch bo m c gi tr php l i vi ngi th ba, k t thi im ng k. iu 324. Mt t i sn dng bo m thc hin nhiu ngha v dn s 1. Mt t i sn c th c dng bo m thc hin nhiu ngha v dn s, nu c gi tr ti thi im xc lp giao dch bo m ln hn tng gi tr cc ngha v c bo m, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Trong trng hp mt t i sn c bo m thc hin nhiu ngha v th bn bo m phi thng bo cho bn nhn bo m sau bit v vic t i sn bo m ang c dng bo m thc hin ngha v khc. Mi ln bo m phi c lp th nh vn bn. 3. Trong trng hp phi x l t i sn thc hin mt ngha v n hn th cc ngha v khc tuy cha n hn u c coi l n hn v tt c cc bn cng nhn bo m u c tham gia x l t i sn. Bn nhn bo m thng bo v vic x l t i sn c trch nhim x l t i sn, nu cc bn cng nhn bo m khng c tho thun khc. Trong trng hp cc bn mun tip tc thc hin cc ngha v cha n hn th c th tho thun v vic bn bo m dng t i sn khc bo m vic thc hin cc ngha v cha n hn. iu 325. Th t u tin thanh ton Th t u tin thnh ton khi x l t i sn bo m c xc nh nh sau:

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1. Trong trng hp giao dch bo m c ng k th vic xc nh th t u tin thanh ton khi x l t i sn bo m c xc nh theo th t ng k; 2. Trong trng hp mt t i sn c dng bo m thc hin nhiu ngha v dn s m c giao dch bo m c ng k, c giao dch bo m khng ng k th giao dch bo m c ng k c u tin thanh ton; 3. Trong trng hp mt t i sn dng bo m thc hin nhiu ngha v dn s m cc giao dch bo m u khng c ng k th th t u tin thanh ton c xc nh theo th t xc lp giao dch bo m.
II- CM C TI SN

iu 326. Cm c t i sn Cm c t i sn l vic mt bn (sau y gi l bn cm c) giao t i sn thuc quyn s hu ca mnh cho bn kia (sau y gi l bn nhn cm c) bo m thc hin ngha v dn s. iu 327. Hnh thc cm c t i sn Vic cm c t i sn phi c lp th nh vn bn, c th lp th nh vn bn ring hoc ghi trong hp ng chnh. iu 328. Hiu lc ca cm c t i sn Cm c t i sn c hiu lc k t thi im chuyn giao t i sn cho bn nhn cm c. iu 329. Thi hn cm c t i sn Thi hn cm c t i sn do cc bn tho thun. Trong trng hp khng c tho thun th thi hn cm c c tnh cho n khi chm dt ngha v c bo m bng cm c. iu 330. Ngha v ca bn cm c t i sn Bn cm c t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Giao t i sn cm c cho bn nhn cm c theo ng tho thun; 2. Bo cho bn nhn cm c v quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t i sn cm c, nu c; trong trng hp khng thng bo th bn nhn cm c c quyn hu hp ng cm c t i sn v yu cu bi thng thit hi hoc duy tr hp ng v chp nhn quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t i sn cm c; 3. Thanh ton cho bn nhn cm c chi ph hp l bo qun, gi gn t i sn cm c, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 331. Quyn ca bn cm c t i sn Bn cm c t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn nhn cm c nh ch vic s dng t i sn cm c trong trng hp quy nh ti khon 3 iu 333 ca B lut n y, nu do s dng m t i sn cm c c nguy c b mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr;

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2. c bn t i sn cm c, nu c bn nhn cm c ng ; 3. c thay th t i sn cm c bng mt t i sn khc nu c tha thun; 4. Yu cu bn nhn cm c gi t i sn cm c tr li t i sn cm c khi ngha v c bo m bng cm c chm dt; 5. Yu cu bn nhn cm c bi thng thit hi xy ra i vi t i sn cm c. iu 332. Ngha v ca bn nhn cm c t i sn Bn nhn cm c t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Bo qun, gi gn t i sn cm c; nu l m mt hoc h hng t i sn cm c th phi bi thng thit hi cho bn cm c; 2. Khng c bn, trao i, tng cho, cho thu, cho mn t i sn cm c; khng c em t i sn cm c bo m thc hin ngha v khc; 3. Khng c khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn cm c, nu khng c bn cm c ng ; 4. Tr li t i sn cm c khi ngha v c bo m bng cm c chm dt hoc c thay th bng bin php bo m khc. iu 333. Quyn ca bn nhn cm c t i sn Bn nhn cm c t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu ngi chim hu, s dng tri php lut t i sn cm c tr li t i sn ; 2. Yu cu x l t i sn cm c theo phng thc tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut thc hin ngha v; 3. c khai thc cng dng t i sn cm c v hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn cm c, nu c tho thun; 4. c thanh ton chi ph hp l bo qun t i sn cm c khi tr li t i sn cho bn cm c. iu 334. Cm c nhiu t i sn Trong trng hp cm c nhiu t i sn bo m thc hin mt ngha v dn s th mi t i sn c xc nh bo m thc hin to n b ngha v. Cc bn cng c th tho thun mi t i sn bo m thc hin mt phn ngha v. iu 335. Hu b vic cm c t i sn Vic cm c t i sn c th b hu b, nu c bn nhn cm c ng . iu 336. X l t i sn cm c Trng hp n hn thc hin ngha v dn s m bn c ngha v khng thc hin hoc thc hin ngha v khng ng tho thun th t i sn cm c c x l theo phng thc do cc bn tho thun hoc c bn u gi theo quy nh ca php lut thc hin ngha v. Bn nhn cm c c u tin thanh ton t s tin bn t i sn cm c.

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iu 337. X l t i sn cm c trong trng hp c nhiu t i sn cm c Trong trng hp t i sn c dng cm c c nhiu vt th bn nhn cm c c chn t i sn c th x l, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. Bn nhn cm c ch c x l s t i sn cn thit tng ng vi gi tr ca ngha v c bo m; nu x l qu s t i sn cn thit v gy ra thit hi cho bn cm c th phi bi thng thit hi cho bn cm c. iu 338. Thanh ton tin bn t i sn cm c Tin bn t i sn cm c c s dng thanh ton ngha v cho bn nhn cm c sau khi tr chi ph bo qun, bn t i sn v cc chi ph cn thit khc c lin quan x l t i sn cm c; trong trng hp ngha v c bo m l khon vay th thanh ton cho bn nhn cm c theo th t n gc, l i, tin pht, tin bi thng thit hi nu c; nu tin bn cn tha th phi tr li cho bn cm c; nu tin bn cn thiu th bn cm c phi tr tip phn cn thiu . iu 339. Chm dt cm c t i sn Vic cm c t i sn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ngha v c bo m bng cm c chm dt; 2. Vic cm c t i sn c hu b hoc c thay th bng bin php bo m khc; 3. T i sn cm c c x l; 4. Theo tho thun ca cc bn. iu 340. Tr li t i sn cm c Khi vic cm c t i sn chm dt theo quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu 339 ca B lut n y th t i sn cm c, giy t chng nhn quyn s hu c tr li cho bn cm c. Hoa li, li tc thu c t t i sn cm c cng c tr li cho bn cm c, nu khng c tho thun khc. iu 341. Cm c t i sn ti ca h ng cm Vic cm c t i sn ti ca h ng cm c thc hin theo quy nh ti cc iu t iu 326 n iu 340 ca B lut n y v cc vn bn php lut khc v hot ng ca ca h ng cm .
III- TH CHP TI SN

iu 342. Th chp t i sn 1. Th chp t i sn l vic mt bn (sau y gi l bn th chp) dng t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh bo m thc hin ngha v dn s i vi bn kia (sau y gi l bn nhn th chp) v khng chuyn giao t i sn cho bn nhn th chp. Trong trng hp th chp to n b bt ng sn, ng sn c vt ph th vt ph ca bt ng sn, ng sn cng thuc t i sn th chp.

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Trong trng hp th chp mt phn bt ng sn, ng sn c vt ph th vt ph thuc t i sn th chp, tr trng hp cc bn c tho thun khc. T i sn th chp cng c th l t i sn c hnh th nh trong tng lai. 2. T i sn th chp do bn th chp gi. Cc bn c th tha thun giao cho ngi th ba gi t i sn th chp. 3. Vic th chp quyn s dng t c thc hin theo quy nh ti cc iu t iu 715 n iu 721 ca B lut n y v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan. iu 343. Hnh thc th chp t i sn Vic th chp t i sn phi c lp th nh vn bn, c th lp th nh vn bn ring hoc ghi trong hp ng chnh. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh th vn bn th chp phi c cng chng, chng thc hoc ng k. iu 344. Thi hn th chp Cc bn tha thun v thi hn th chp t i sn; nu khng c tha thun th vic th chp c thi hn cho n khi chm dt ngha v c bo m bng th chp. iu 345. Th chp t i sn ang cho thu T i sn ang cho thu cng c th c dng th chp. Hoa li, li tc thu c t vic cho thu t i sn thuc t i sn th chp, nu c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. iu 346. Th chp t i sn c bo him 1. Trong trng hp t i sn th chp c bo him th khon tin bo him cng thuc t i sn th chp. 2. Bn nhn th chp phi thng bo cho t chc bo him bit v vic t i sn bo him ang c dng th chp. T chc bo him chi tr s tin bo him trc tip cho bn nhn th chp khi xy ra s kin bo him. Trng hp bn nhn th chp khng thng bo cho t chc bo him bit v vic t i sn bo him ang c dng th chp th t chc bo him chi tr bo him theo hp ng bo him v bn th chp c ngha v thanh ton vi bn nhn th chp. iu 347. Th chp nhiu t i sn bo m thc hin mt ngha v dn s Trong trng hp th chp nhiu t i sn bo m thc hin mt ngha v dn s th mi t i sn c xc nh bo m thc hin to n b ngha v. Cc bn cng c th tho thun mi t i sn bo m thc hin mt phn ngha v. iu 348. Ngha v ca bn th chp t i sn Bn th chp t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Bo qun, gi gn t i sn th chp; 2. p dng cc bin php cn thit khc phc, k c phi ngng vic khai thc cng dng t i sn th chp nu do vic khai thc m t i sn th chp c

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nguy c mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr; 3. Thng bo cho bn nhn th chp v cc quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t i sn th chp, nu c; trong trng hp khng thng bo th bn nhn th chp c quyn hu hp ng th chp t i sn v yu cu bi thng thit hi hoc duy tr hp ng v chp nhn quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t i sn th chp; 4. Khng c bn, trao i, tng cho t i sn th chp, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 3 v khon 4 iu 349 ca B lut n y. iu 349. Quyn ca bn th chp t i sn Bn th chp t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. c khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn, tr trng hp hoa li, li tc cng thuc t i sn th chp theo tho thun; 2. c u t l m tng gi tr ca t i sn th chp; 3. c bn, thay th t i sn th chp, nu t i sn l h ng ho lun chuyn trong qu trnh sn xut, kinh doanh. Trong trng hp bn t i sn th chp l h ng ho lun chuyn trong qu trnh sn xut, kinh doanh th quyn yu cu bn mua thanh ton tin, s tin thu c hoc t i sn hnh th nh t s tin thu c tr th nh t i sn th chp thay th cho s t i sn bn. 4. c bn, trao i, tng cho t i sn th chp khng phi l h ng ha lun chuyn trong qu trnh sn xut, kinh doanh, nu c bn nhn th chp ng . 5. c cho thu, cho mn t i sn th chp nhng phi thng bo cho bn thu, bn mn bit v vic t i sn cho thu, cho mn ang c dng th chp v phi thng bo cho bn nhn th chp bit; 6. Nhn li t i sn th chp do ngi th ba gi, khi ngha v c bo m bng th chp chm dt hoc c thay th bng bin php bo m khc. iu 350. Ngha v ca bn nhn th chp t i sn Bn nhn th chp t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Trong trng hp cc bn tha thun bn nhn th chp gi giy t v t i sn th chp th khi chm dt th chp phi ho n tr cho bn th chp giy t v t i sn th chp; 2. Yu cu c quan nh nc c thm quyn ng k giao dch bo m xo ng k trong cc trng hp quy nh ti cc iu 355, 356 v 357 ca B lut n y. iu 351. Quyn ca bn nhn th chp t i sn Bn nhn th chp t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn thu, bn mn t i sn th chp trong trng hp quy nh ti khon 5 iu 349 ca B lut n y phi chm dt vic s dng t i sn th chp, nu vic s dng l m mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr ca t i sn ; 2. c xem xt, kim tra trc tip t i sn th chp, nhng khng c cn

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tr hoc gy kh khn cho vic s dng, khai thc t i sn th chp; 3. Yu cu bn th chp phi cung cp thng tin v thc trng t i sn th chp; 4. Yu cu bn th chp p dng cc bin php cn thit bo to n t i sn, gi tr t i sn trong trng hp c nguy c l m mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr ca t i sn do vic khai thc, s dng; 5. Yu cu bn th chp hoc ngi th ba gi t i sn th chp giao t i sn cho mnh x l trong trng hp n hn thc hin ngha v m bn c ngha v khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v; 6. Gim st, kim tra qu trnh hnh th nh t i sn trong trng hp nhn th chp bng t i sn hnh th nh trong tng lai; 7. Yu cu x l t i sn th chp theo quy nh ti iu 355 hoc khon 3 iu 324 ca B lut n y v c u tin thanh ton. iu 352. Ngha v ca ngi th ba gi t i sn th chp Ngi th ba gi t i sn th chp c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Bo qun, gi gn t i sn th chp; nu l m mt t i sn th chp, l m mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr ca t i sn th chp th phi bi thng; 2. Khng c tip tc khai thc cng dng t i sn th chp, trong trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu 353 ca B lut n y, nu vic tip tc khai thc c nguy c l m mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr ca t i sn th chp; 3. Giao li t i sn th chp cho bn nhn th chp hoc bn th chp theo tho thun. iu 353. Quyn ca ngi th ba gi t i sn th chp Ngi th ba gi t i sn th chp c cc quyn sau y: 1. c khai thc cng dng t i sn th chp, hng hoa li, li tc t t i sn th chp, nu c tho thun; 2. c tr th lao v c thanh ton chi ph bo qun, gi gn t i sn th chp, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 354. Thay th v sa cha t i sn th chp 1. Bn th chp ch c thay th t i sn th chp khi c s ng ca bn nhn th chp, nu khng c tho thun khc, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 3 iu 349 ca B lut n y. 2. Trong trng hp th chp kho h ng th bn th chp c th thay th h ng ha trong kho, nhng phi bo m gi tr ca h ng ha trong kho ng nh tha thun. 3. Khi t i sn th chp b h hng th bn th chp trong mt thi gian hp l phi sa cha t i sn th chp hoc thay th bng t i sn khc c gi tr tng ng, nu khng c tho thun khc.

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iu 355. X l t i sn th chp Trong trng hp n hn thc hin ngha v dn s m bn c ngha v khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v th vic x l t i sn th chp c thc hin theo quy nh ti iu 336 v iu 338 ca B lut n y. iu 356. Hu b vic th chp t i sn Vic th chp t i sn c th b hu b nu c bn nhn th chp ng , tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 357. Chm dt th chp t i sn Vic th chp t i sn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ngha v c bo m bng th chp chm dt; 2. Vic th chp t i sn c hu b hoc c thay th bng bin php bo m khc; 3. T i sn th chp c x l; 4. Theo tho thun ca cc bn.
IV- T CC

iu 358. t cc 1. t cc l vic mt bn giao cho bn kia mt khon tin hoc kim kh qu, qu hoc vt c gi tr khc (sau y gi l t i sn t cc) trong mt thi hn bo m giao kt hoc thc hin hp ng dn s. Vic t cc phi c lp th nh vn bn. 2. Trong trng hp hp ng dn s c giao kt, thc hin th t i sn t cc c tr li cho bn t cc hoc c tr thc hin ngha v tr tin; nu bn t cc t chi vic giao kt, thc hin hp ng dn s th t i sn t cc thuc v bn nhn t cc; nu bn nhn t cc t chi vic giao kt, thc hin hp ng dn s th phi tr cho bn t cc t i sn t cc v mt khon tin tng ng gi tr t i sn t cc, tr trng hp c tho thun khc.
V- K CC

iu 359. K cc 1. K cc l vic bn thu t i sn l ng sn giao cho bn cho thu mt khon tin hoc kim kh qu, qu hoc vt c gi tr khc (sau y gi l t i sn k cc) trong mt thi hn bo m vic tr li t i sn thu. 2. Trong trng hp t i sn thu c tr li th bn thu c nhn li t i sn k cc sau khi tr tin thu; nu bn thu khng tr li t i sn thu th bn cho thu c quyn i li t i sn thu; nu t i sn thu khng cn tr li th t i sn k cc thuc v bn cho thu.

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VI- K QU

iu 360. K qu 1. K qu l vic bn c ngha v gi mt khon tin hoc kim kh qu, qu hoc giy t c gi khc v o t i khon phong to ti mt ngn h ng bo m vic thc hin ngha v dn s. 2. Trong trng hp bn c ngha v khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v th bn c quyn c ngn h ng ni k qu thanh ton, bi thng thit hi do bn c ngha v gy ra, sau khi tr chi ph dch v ngn h ng. 3. Th tc gi v thanh ton do php lut v ngn h ng quy nh.
VII- BO L NH

iu 361. Bo l nh Bo l nh l vic ngi th ba (say y gi l bn bo l nh) cam kt vi bn c quyn (sau y gi l bn nhn bo l nh) s thc hin ngha v thay cho bn c ngha v (sau y gi l bn c bo l nh), nu khi n thi hn m bn c bo l nh khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v. Cc bn cng c th tho thun v vic bn bo l nh ch phi thc hin ngha v khi bn c bo l nh khng c kh nng thc hin ngha v ca mnh. iu 362. Hnh thc bo l nh Vic bo l nh phi c lp th nh vn bn, c th lp th nh vn bn ring hoc ghi trong hp ng chnh. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh th vn bn bo l nh phi c cng chng hoc chng thc. iu 363. Phm vi bo l nh Bn bo l nh c th cam kt bo l nh mt phn hoc to n b ngha v cho bn c bo l nh. Ngha v bo l nh bao gm c tin l i trn n gc, tin pht, tin bi thng thit hi, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 364. Th lao Bn bo l nh c hng th lao nu bn bo l nh v bn c bo l nh c tho thun. iu 365. Nhiu ngi cng bo l nh Khi nhiu ngi cng bo l nh mt ngha v th h phi lin i thc hin vic bo l nh, tr trng hp c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh bo l nh theo cc phn c lp; bn c quyn c th yu cu bt c ai trong s nhng ngi bo l nh lin i phi thc hin to n b ngha v. Khi mt ngi trong s nhng ngi bo l nh lin i thc hin to n b ngha v thay cho bn c bo l nh th c quyn yu cu nhng ngi bo l nh cn li phi thc hin phn ngha v ca h i vi mnh.

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iu 366. Quan h gia bn bo l nh vi bn nhn bo l nh 1. Bn nhn bo l nh khng c yu cu bn bo l nh thc hin ngha v thay cho bn c bo l nh khi ngha v cha n hn. 2. Bn bo l nh khng phi thc hin ngha v bo l nh trong trng hp bn nhn bo l nh c th b tr ngha v vi bn c bo l nh. iu 367. Quyn yu cu ca bn bo l nh Khi bn bo l nh ho n th nh ngha v th c quyn yu cu bn c bo l nh thc hin ngha v i vi mnh trong phm vi bo l nh, nu khng c tho thun khc. iu 368. Min vic thc hin ngha v bo l nh 1. Trong trng hp bn nhn bo l nh min vic thc hin ngha v cho bn bo l nh th bn c bo l nh vn phi thc hin ngha v i vi bn nhn bo l nh, tr trng hp c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh phi lin i thc hin ngha v bo l nh. 2. Trong trng hp ch mt ngi trong s nhiu ngi cng nhn bo l nh lin i c min vic thc hin phn ngha v bo l nh ca mnh th nhng ngi khc vn phi thc hin ngha v bo l nh ca h. iu 369. X l t i sn ca bn bo l nh Trong trng hp n hn thc hin ngha v thay cho bn c bo l nh, m bn bo l nh khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v th bn bo l nh phi a t i sn thuc s hu ca mnh thanh ton cho bn nhn bo l nh. iu 370. Hu b vic bo l nh Vic bo l nh c th c hu b nu c bn nhn bo l nh ng , tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 371. Chm dt vic bo l nh Vic bo l nh chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ngha v c bo m bng bo l nh chm dt; 2. Vic bo l nh c hu b hoc c thay th bng bin php bo m khc; 3. Bn bo l nh thc hin ngha v bo l nh; 4. Theo tho thun ca cc bn.
VIII- Tn chp

iu 372. Bo m bng tn chp ca t chc chnh tr - x hi T chc chnh tr - x hi ti c s c th bo m bng tn chp cho c nhn, h gia nh ngho vay mt khon tin ti ngn h ng hoc t chc tn dng khc sn xut, kinh doanh, l m dch v theo quy nh ca Chnh ph.

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iu 373. Hnh thc bo m bng tn chp Vic cho vay c bo m bng tn chp phi c lp th nh vn bn c ghi r s tin vay, mc ch vay, thi hn vay, l i sut, quyn, ngha v v trch nhim ca ngi vay, ngn h ng, t chc tn dng cho vay v t chc bo m.
Mc 6 CHM DT NGHA V dn s

iu 374. Cn c chm dt ngha v dn s Ngha v dn s chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ngha v c ho n th nh; 2. Theo tho thun ca cc bn; 3. Bn c quyn min vic thc hin ngha v; 4. Ngha v c thay th bng ngha v dn s khc; 5. Ngha v c b tr; 6. Bn c quyn v bn c ngha v ho nhp l m mt; 7. Thi hiu min tr ngha v dn s ht; 8. Bn c ngha v l c nhn cht hoc l php nhn, ch th khc chm dt m ngha v phi do chnh c nhn, php nhn, ch th thc hin; 9. Bn c quyn l c nhn cht m quyn yu cu khng thuc di sn tha k hoc l php nhn, ch th khc chm dt m quyn yu cu khng c chuyn giao cho php nhn, ch th khc; 10. Vt c nh l i tng ca ngha v dn s khng cn v c thay th bng ngha v khc; 11. Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. iu 375. Ho n th nh ngha v dn s Ngha v dn s c ho n th nh khi bn c ngha v thc hin to n b hoc mt phn ngha v nhng phn cn li c bn c quyn min cho vic thc hin tip. iu 376. Ho n th nh ngha v dn s trong trng hp bn c quyn chm tip nhn i tng ca ngha v 1. Khi bn c quyn chm tip nhn i tng ca ngha v l vt th bn c ngha v phi bo qun, gi gn vt hoc c th gi ti ni nhn gi gi v phi bo ngay cho bn c quyn. Bn chm tip nhn phi chu ri ro v mi chi ph v gi gi. Ngha v giao vt ho n th nh ti thi im vt c gi gi bo m s lng, cht lng v cc iu kin khc m cc bn tho thun. 2. Trong trng hp i tng ca ngha v l tin hoc giy t c gi th khi bn c quyn chm tip nhn i tng ca ngha v, ngi c ngha v cng c

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th gi ti ni nhn gi gi v phi bo ngay cho bn c quyn; ngha v c xem l ho n th nh k t thi im gi gi. iu 377. Chm dt ngha v dn s theo tho thun Cc bn c th tho thun chm dt ngha v dn s bt c lc n o, nhng khng c gy thit hi n li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 378. Chm dt ngha v dn s do c min thc hin ngha v 1. Ngha v dn s chm dt khi bn c quyn min vic thc hin ngha v cho bn c ngha v, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Khi ngha v dn s c bin php bo m c min th vic bo m cng chm dt. iu 379. Chm dt ngha v dn s do c thay th bng ngha v dn s khc 1. Trong trng hp cc bn tho thun thay th ngha v dn s ban u bng ngha v dn s khc th ngha v ban u chm dt. 2. Ngha v dn s cng chm dt, nu bn c quyn tip nhn t i sn hoc cng vic khc thay th cho t i sn hoc cng vic tho thun trc. 3. Trong trng hp ngha v dn s l ngha v cp dng, bi thng thit hi do xm phm tnh mng, sc kho, danh d, nhn phm, uy tn v cc ngha v khc gn lin vi nhn thn khng th chuyn cho ngi khc c th khng c thay th bng ngha v khc. iu 380. Chm dt ngha v dn s do b tr ngha v 1. Trong trng hp cc bn cng c ngha v v t i sn cng loi i vi nhau th khi cng n hn h khng phi thc hin ngha v i vi nhau v ngha v c xem l chm dt, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Trong trng hp gi tr ca t i sn hoc cng vic khng tng ng vi nhau th cc bn thanh ton cho nhau phn gi tr chnh lch. 3. Nhng vt c nh gi th nh tin cng c th b tr vi ngha v tr tin. iu 381. Nhng trng hp khng c b tr ngha v dn s Ngha v dn s khng c b tr trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Ngha v ang c tranh chp; 2. Ngha v bi thng thit hi do xm phm tnh mng, sc kho, danh d, nhn phm, uy tn; 3. Ngha v cp dng; 4. Cc ngha v khc do php lut quy nh.

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iu 382. Chm dt ngha v dn s do ho nhp bn c ngha v v bn c quyn Khi bn c ngha v li tr th nh bn c quyn i vi chnh ngha v th ngha v dn s chm dt. iu 383. Chm dt ngha v dn s do ht thi hiu min tr ngha v dn s Khi thi hiu min tr ngha v dn s ht th ngha v chm dt. iu 384. Chm dt ngha v dn s khi bn c ngha v l c nhn cht hoc l php nhn, ch th khc chm dt Khi cc bn c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh v vic ngha v phi do chnh bn c ngha v thc hin m c nhn cht hoc php nhn, ch th khc chm dt th ngha v cng chm dt. iu 385. Chm dt ngha v dn s khi bn c quyn l c nhn cht hoc l php nhn, ch th khc chm dt Khi cc bn c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh v vic ngha v c thc hin ch d nh cho c nhn hoc php nhn, ch th khc l bn c quyn m c nhn cht hoc php nhn, ch th khc chm dt th ngha v cng chm dt. iu 386. Chm dt ngha v dn s khi vt c nh khng cn Ngha v giao vt chm dt trong trng hp vt phi giao l vt c nh khng cn. Cc bn c th tho thun thay th vt khc hoc bi thng thit hi. iu 387. Chm dt ngha v dn s trong trng hp ph sn Trong trng hp ph sn th ngha v dn s chm dt theo quy nh ca php lut v ph sn.
Mc 7 HP NG dn s I- GIAO KT HP NG dn s

iu 388. Khi nim hp ng dn s Hp ng dn s l s tho thun gia cc bn v vic xc lp, thay i hoc chm dt quyn, ngha v dn s. iu 389. Nguyn tc giao kt hp ng dn s Vic giao kt hp ng dn s phi tun theo cc nguyn tc sau y: 1. T do giao kt hp ng nhng khng c tri php lut, o c x hi; 2. T nguyn, bnh ng, thin ch, hp tc, trung thc v ngay thng.

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iu 390. ngh giao kt hp ng 1. ngh giao kt hp ng l vic th hin r nh giao kt hp ng v chu s r ng buc v ngh n y ca bn ngh i vi bn c xc nh c th. 2. Trong trng hp ngh giao kt hp ng c nu r thi hn tr li, nu bn ngh li giao kt hp ng vi ngi th ba trong thi hn ch bn c ngh tr li th phi bi thng thit hi cho bn c ngh m khng c giao kt hp ng nu c thit hi pht sinh. iu 391. Thi im ngh giao kt hp ng c hiu lc 1. Thi im ngh giao kt hp ng c hiu lc c xc nh nh sau: a) Do bn ngh n nh; b) Nu bn ngh khng n nh th ngh giao kt hp ng c hiu lc k t khi bn c ngh nhn c ngh . 2. Cc trng hp sau y c coi l nhn c ngh giao kt hp ng: a) ngh c chuyn n ni c tr, nu bn c ngh l c nhn; c chuyn n tr s, nu bn c ngh l php nhn; b) ngh c a v o h thng thng tin chnh thc ca bn c ngh; c) Khi bn c ngh bit c ngh giao kt hp ng thng qua cc phng thc khc. iu 392. Thay i, rt li ngh giao kt hp ng 1. Bn ngh giao kt hp ng c th thay i, rt li ngh giao kt hp ng trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Nu bn c ngh nhn c thng bo v vic thay i hoc rt li ngh trc hoc cng vi thi im nhn c ngh; b) iu kin thay i hoc rt li ngh pht sinh trong trng hp bn ngh c nu r v vic c thay i hoc rt li ngh khi iu kin pht sinh. 2. Khi bn ngh thay i ni dung ca ngh th ngh c coi l ngh mi. iu 393. Hu b ngh giao kt hp ng Trong trng hp bn ngh giao kt hp ng thc hin quyn hu b ngh do nu r quyn n y trong ngh th phi thng bo cho bn c ngh v thng bo n y ch c hiu lc khi bn c ngh nhn c thng bo trc khi bn c ngh tr li chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng. iu 394. Chm dt ngh giao kt hp ng ngh giao kt hp ng chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Bn nhn c ngh tr li khng chp nhn;

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2. Ht thi hn tr li chp nhn; 3. Khi thng bo v vic thay i hoc rt li ngh c hiu lc; 4. Khi thng bo v vic hu b ngh c hiu lc; 5. Theo tho thun ca bn ngh v bn nhn c ngh trong thi hn ch bn c ngh tr li. iu 395. Sa i ngh do bn c ngh xut Khi bn c ngh chp nhn giao kt hp ng, nhng c nu iu kin hoc sa i ngh th coi nh ngi n y a ra ngh mi. iu 396. Chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng Chp nhn ngh giao kt hp ng l s tr li ca bn c ngh i vi bn ngh v vic chp nhn to n b ni dung ca ngh. iu 397. Thi hn tr li chp nhn giao kt hp ng 1. Khi bn ngh c n nh thi hn tr li th vic tr li chp nhn ch c hiu lc khi c thc hin trong thi hn ; nu bn ngh giao kt hp ng nhn c tr li khi ht thi hn tr li th chp nhn n y c coi l ngh mi ca bn chm tr li. Trong trng hp thng bo chp nhn giao kt hp ng n chm v l do khch quan m bn ngh bit hoc phi bit v l do khch quan n y th thng bo chp nhn giao kt hp ng vn c hiu lc, tr trng hp bn ngh tr li ngay khng ng vi chp nhn ca bn c ngh. 2. Khi cc bn trc tip giao tip vi nhau, k c trong trng hp qua in thoi hoc qua cc phng tin khc th bn c ngh phi tr li ngay c chp nhn hoc khng chp nhn, tr trng hp c tho thun v thi hn tr li. iu 398. Trng hp bn ngh giao kt hp ng cht hoc mt nng lc h nh vi dn s Trong trng hp bn ngh giao kt hp ng cht hoc mt nng lc h nh vi dn s sau khi bn c ngh giao kt hp ng tr li chp nhn giao kt hp ng th ngh giao kt hp ng vn c gi tr. iu 399. Trng hp bn c ngh giao kt hp ng cht hoc mt nng lc h nh vi dn s Trong trng hp bn c ngh giao kt hp ng cht hoc mt nng lc h nh vi dn s sau khi tr li chp nhn giao kt hp ng th vic tr li chp nhn giao kt hp ng vn c gi tr. iu 400. Rt li thng bo chp nhn giao kt hp ng Bn c ngh giao kt hp ng c th rt li thng bo chp nhn giao kt hp ng, nu thng bo n y n trc hoc cng vi thi im bn ngh nhn c tr li chp nhn giao kt hp ng.

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iu 401. Hnh thc hp ng dn s 1. Hp ng dn s c th c giao kt bng li ni, bng vn bn hoc bng h nh vi c th, khi php lut khng quy nh loi hp ng phi c giao kt bng mt hnh thc nht nh. 2. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh hp ng phi c th hin bng vn bn c cng chng hoc chng thc, phi ng k hoc xin php th phi tun theo cc quy nh . Hp ng khng b v hiu trong trng hp c vi phm v hnh thc, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 402. Ni dung ca hp ng dn s Tu theo tng loi hp ng, cc bn c th tho thun v nhng ni dung sau y: 1. i tng ca hp ng l t i sn phi giao, cng vic phi l m hoc khng c l m; 2. S lng, cht lng; 3. Gi, phng thc thanh ton; 4. Thi hn, a im, phng thc thc hin hp ng; 5. Quyn, ngha v ca cc bn; 6. Trch nhim do vi phm hp ng; 7. Pht vi phm hp ng; 8. Cc ni dung khc. iu 403. a im giao kt hp ng dn s a im giao kt hp ng dn s do cc bn tho thun; nu khng c tho thun th a im giao kt hp ng dn s l ni c tr ca c nhn hoc tr s ca php nhn a ra ngh giao kt hp ng. iu 404. Thi im giao kt hp ng dn s 1. Hp ng dn s c giao kt v o thi im bn ngh nhn c tr li chp nhn giao kt. 2. Hp ng dn s cng xem nh c giao kt khi ht thi hn tr li m bn nhn c ngh vn im lng, nu c tho thun im lng l s tr li chp nhn giao kt. 3. Thi im giao kt hp ng bng li ni l thi im cc bn tha thun v ni dung ca hp ng. 4. Thi im giao kt hp ng bng vn bn l thi im bn sau cng k v o vn bn. iu 405. Hiu lc ca hp ng dn s Hp ng c giao kt hp php c hiu lc t thi im giao kt, tr

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trng hp c tha thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 406. Cc loi hp ng dn s ch yu Hp ng gm cc loi ch yu sau y: 1. Hp ng song v l hp ng m mi bn u c ngha v i vi nhau; 2. Hp ng n v l hp ng m ch mt bn c ngha v; 3. Hp ng chnh l hp ng m hiu lc khng ph thuc v o hp ng ph; 4. Hp ng ph l hp ng m hiu lc ph thuc v o hp ng chnh; 5. Hp ng v li ch ca ngi th ba l hp ng m cc bn giao kt hp ng u phi thc hin ngha v v ngi th ba c hng li ch t vic thc hin ngha v ; 6. Hp ng c iu kin l hp ng m vic thc hin ph thuc v o vic pht sinh, thay i hoc chm dt mt s kin nht nh. iu 407. Hp ng dn s theo mu 1. Hp ng theo mu l hp ng gm nhng iu khon do mt bn a ra theo mu bn kia tr li trong mt thi gian hp l; nu bn c ngh tr li chp nhn th coi nh chp nhn to n b ni dung hp ng theo mu m bn ngh a ra. 2. Trong trng hp hp ng theo mu c iu khon khng r r ng th bn a ra hp ng theo mu phi chu bt li khi gii thch iu khon . 3. Trong trng hp hp ng theo mu c iu khon min trch nhim ca bn a ra hp ng theo mu, tng trch nhim hoc loi b quyn li chnh ng ca bn kia th iu khon n y khng c hiu lc, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 408. Ph lc hp ng 1. Km theo hp ng c th c ph lc quy nh chi tit mt s iu khon ca hp ng. Ph lc hp ng c hiu lc nh hp ng. Ni dung ca ph lc hp ng khng c tri vi ni dung ca hp ng. 2. Trong trng hp ph lc hp ng c iu khon tri vi ni dung ca iu khon trong hp ng th iu khon n y khng c hiu lc, tr trng hp c tha thun khc. Trong trng hp cc bn chp nhn ph lc hp ng c iu khon tri vi iu khon trong hp ng th coi nh iu khon trong hp ng c sa i. iu 409. Gii thch hp ng dn s 1. Khi hp ng c iu khon khng r r ng th khng ch da v o ngn t ca hp ng m cn phi cn c v o ch chung ca cc bn gii thch iu khon . 2. Khi mt iu khon ca hp ng c th c hiu theo nhiu ngha th phi chn ngha n o l m cho iu khon khi thc hin c li nht cho cc bn. 3. Khi hp ng c ngn t c th hiu theo nhiu ngha khc nhau th phi

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gii thch theo ngha ph hp nht vi tnh cht ca hp ng. 4. Khi hp ng c iu khon hoc ngn t kh hiu th phi c gii thch theo tp qun ti a im giao kt hp ng. 5. Khi hp ng thiu mt s iu khon th c th b sung theo tp qun i vi loi hp ng ti a im giao kt hp ng. 6. Cc iu khon trong hp ng phi c gii thch trong mi lin h vi nhau, sao cho ngha ca cc iu khon ph hp vi to n b ni dung hp ng. 7. Trong trng hp c s mu thun gia ch chung ca cc bn vi ngn t s dng trong hp ng th ch chung ca cc bn c dng gii thch hp ng. 8. Trong trng hp bn mnh th a v o hp ng ni dung bt li cho bn yu th th khi gii thch hp ng phi theo hng c li cho bn yu th. iu 410. Hp ng dn s v hiu 1. Cc quy nh v giao dch dn s v hiu t iu 127 n iu 138 ca B lut n y cng c p dng i vi hp ng v hiu. 2. S v hiu ca hp ng chnh l m chm dt hp ng ph, tr trng hp cc bn c tho thun hp ng ph c thay th hp ng chnh. Quy nh n y khng p dng i vi cc bin php bo m thc hin ngha v dn s. 3. S v hiu ca hp ng ph khng l m chm dt hp ng chnh, tr trng hp cc bn tho thun hp ng ph l mt phn khng th tch ri ca hp ng chnh. iu 411. Hp ng dn s v hiu do c i tng khng th thc hin c 1. Trong trng hp ngay t khi k kt, hp ng c i tng khng th thc hin c v l do khch quan th hp ng n y b v hiu. 2. Trong trng hp khi giao kt hp ng m mt bn bit hoc phi bit v vic hp ng c i tng khng th thc hin c, nhng khng thng bo cho bn kia bit nn bn kia giao kt hp ng th phi bi thng thit hi cho bn kia, tr trng hp bn kia bit hoc phi bit v vic hp ng c i tng khng th thc hin c. 3. Quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y cng c p dng i vi trng hp hp ng c mt hoc nhiu phn i tng khng th thc hin c, nhng phn cn li ca hp ng vn c gi tr php l.
II- THC HIN HP NG dn s

iu 412. Nguyn tc thc hin hp ng dn s Vic thc hin hp ng phi tun theo cc nguyn tc sau y: 1. Thc hin ng hp ng, ng i tng, cht lng, s lng, chng loi, thi hn, phng thc v cc tho thun khc;

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2. Thc hin mt cch trung thc, theo tinh thn hp tc v c li nht cho cc bn, bo m tin cy ln nhau; 3. Khng c xm phm n li ch ca Nh nc, li ch cng cng, quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi khc. iu 413. Thc hin hp ng n v i vi hp ng n v, bn c ngha v phi thc hin ngha v ng nh tho thun; ch c thc hin trc hoc sau thi hn nu c bn c quyn ng . iu 414. Thc hin hp ng song v 1. Trong hp ng song v, khi cc bn tho thun thi hn thc hin ngha v th mi bn phi thc hin ngha v ca mnh khi n hn; khng c ho n thc hin vi l do bn kia cha thc hin ngha v i vi mnh, tr trng hp quy nh ti iu 415 v iu 417 ca B lut n y. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn khng tho thun bn n o thc hin ngha v trc th cc bn phi ng thi thc hin ngha v i vi nhau; nu ngha v khng th thc hin ng thi th ngha v n o khi thc hin mt nhiu thi gian hn th ngha v phi c thc hin trc. iu 415. Quyn ho n thc hin ngha v dn s trong hp ng song v 1. Bn phi thc hin ngha v trc c quyn ho n thc hin ngha v, nu t i sn ca bn kia b gim st nghim trng n mc khng th thc hin c ngha v nh cam kt cho n khi bn kia c kh nng thc hin c ngha v hoc c ngi bo l nh. 2. Bn phi thc hin ngha v sau c quyn ho n thc hin ngha v n hn nu bn thc hin ngha v trc cha thc hin ngha v ca mnh khi n hn. iu 416. Cm gi t i sn trong hp ng song v 1. Cm gi t i sn l vic bn c quyn (sau y gi l bn cm gi) ang chim gi hp php t i sn l i tng ca hp ng song v c cm gi t i sn khi bn c ngha v khng thc hin ngha v hoc thc hin ngha v khng ng theo tha thun. 2. Bn cm gi c quyn v ngha v sau y: a) Cm gi to n b hoc mt phn t i sn trong trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y; b) Thu hoa li t t i sn cm gi v c dng b tr ngha v; c) Bo qun, gi gn t i sn cm gi; d) Yu cu bn c t i sn b cm gi thanh ton cc chi ph cn thit cho vic bo qun, gi gn t i sn . 3. Quyn cm gi chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Theo tha thun ca cc bn; b) Bn cm gi vi phm ngha v bo qun, gi gn t i sn cm gi;

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c) Bn c t i sn b cm gi ho n th nh ngha v. iu 417. Ngha v khng th thc hin c do li ca bn c quyn Trong hp ng song v, khi mt bn khng thc hin c ngha v ca mnh do li ca bn kia th c quyn yu cu bn kia vn phi thc hin ngha v i vi mnh hoc hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 418. Khng thc hin c ngha v nhng khng do li ca cc bn Trong hp ng song v, nu mt bn khng thc hin c ngha v m cc bn u khng c li th bn khng thc hin c ngha v khng c quyn yu cu bn kia thc hin ngha v i vi mnh. Trng hp mt bn thc hin c mt phn ngha v th c quyn yu cu bn kia thc hin phn ngha v tng ng i vi mnh. iu 419. Thc hin hp ng v li ch ca ngi th ba Khi thc hin hp ng v li ch ca ngi th ba th ngi th ba c quyn trc tip yu cu bn c ngha v phi thc hin ngha v i vi mnh; nu cc bn c tranh chp v vic thc hin hp ng th ngi th ba khng c quyn yu cu thc hin ngha v cho n khi tranh chp c gii quyt. Bn c quyn cng c th yu cu bn c ngha v thc hin hp ng v li ch ca ngi th ba. iu 420. Quyn t chi ca ngi th ba Trong trng hp ngi th ba t chi li ch ca mnh trc khi bn c ngha v thc hin ngha v th bn c ngha v khng phi thc hin ngha v, nhng phi bo cho bn c quyn v hp ng c coi l b hu b, cc bn phi ho n tr cho nhau nhng g nhn; nu ngi th ba t chi li ch ca mnh sau khi bn c ngha v thc hin ngha v th ngha v c xem l ho n th nh v bn c quyn vn phi thc hin cam kt i vi bn c ngha v. iu 421. Khng c sa i hoc hu b hp ng v li ch ca ngi th ba Khi ngi th ba ng hng li ch th d hp ng cha c thc hin, cc bn giao kt hp ng cng khng c sa i hoc hu b hp ng, tr trng hp c ngi th ba ng . iu 422. Thc hin hp ng c tho thun pht vi phm 1. Pht vi phm l s tho thun gia cc bn trong hp ng, theo bn vi phm ngha v phi np mt khon tin cho bn b vi phm. 2. Mc pht vi phm do cc bn tho thun. 3. Cc bn c th tho thun v vic bn vi phm ngha v ch phi np tin pht vi phm m khng phi bi thng thit hi hoc va phi np pht vi phm v va phi bi thng thit hi; nu khng c tho thun trc v mc bi thng thit hi th phi bi thng to n b thit hi. Trong trng hp cc bn khng c tho thun v bi thng thit hi th

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bn vi phm ngha v ch phi np tin pht vi phm.

III- SA I, CHM DT HP NG dn s

iu 423. Sa i hp ng dn s 1. Cc bn c th tho thun sa i hp ng v gii quyt hu qu ca vic sa i, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Trong trng hp hp ng c lp th nh vn bn, c cng chng, chng thc, ng k hoc cho php th vic sa i hp ng cng phi tun theo hnh thc . iu 424. Chm dt hp ng dn s Hp ng chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Hp ng c ho n th nh; 2. Theo tho thun ca cc bn; 3. C nhn giao kt hp ng cht, php nhn hoc ch th khc chm dt m hp ng phi do chnh c nhn, php nhn hoc ch th thc hin; 4. Hp ng b hu b, b n phng chm dt thc hin; 5. Hp ng khng th thc hin c do i tng ca hp ng khng cn v cc bn c th tho thun thay th i tng khc hoc bi thng thit hi; 6. Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. iu 425. Hu b hp ng dn s 1. Mt bn c quyn hu b hp ng v khng phi bi thng thit hi khi bn kia vi phm hp ng l iu kin hu b m cc bn tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. 2. Bn hu b hp ng phi thng bo ngay cho bn kia bit v vic hu b, nu khng thng bo m gy thit hi th phi bi thng. 3. Khi hp ng b hu b th hp ng khng c hiu lc t thi im giao kt v cc bn phi ho n tr cho nhau t i sn nhn; nu khng ho n tr c bng hin vt th phi tr bng tin. 4. Bn c li trong vic hp ng b hu b phi bi thng thit hi. iu 426. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng dn s 1. Mt bn c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng nu cc bn c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. 2. Bn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng phi thng bo ngay cho bn kia bit v vic chm dt hp ng, nu khng thng bo m gy thit hi th phi bi thng. 3. Khi hp ng b n phng chm dt thc hin th hp ng chm dt t thi im bn kia nhn c thng bo chm dt. Cc bn khng phi tip tc thc hin ngha v. Bn thc hin ngha v c quyn yu cu bn kia thanh

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ton. 4. Bn c li trong vic hp ng b n phng chm dt phi bi thng thit hi. iu 427. Thi hiu khi kin v hp ng dn s Thi hiu khi kin yu cu To n gii quyt tranh chp hp ng dn s l hai nm, k t ng y quyn v li ch hp php ca c nhn, php nhn, cc ch th khc b xm phm. Chng XVIII
HP NG dn s THNG DNG Mc 1 HP NG MUA BN TI SN I- QUY NH CHUNG V HP NG MUA BN TI SN

iu 428. Hp ng mua bn t i sn Hp ng mua bn t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn bn c ngha v giao t i sn cho bn mua v nhn tin, cn bn mua c ngha v nhn t i sn v tr tin cho bn bn. iu 429. i tng ca hp ng mua bn 1. i tng ca hp ng mua bn l t i sn c php giao dch. 2. Trong trng hp i tng ca hp ng mua bn l vt th vt phi c xc nh r. 3. Trong trng hp i tng ca hp ng mua bn l quyn t i sn th phi c giy t hoc cc bng chng khc chng minh quyn thuc s hu ca bn bn. iu 430. Cht lng ca vt mua bn 1. Cht lng ca vt mua bn do cc bn tho thun. 2. Trong trng hp cht lng ca vt c cng b hoc c c quan nh nc c thm quyn quy nh th cht lng ca vt c xc nh theo cc tiu chun cng b hoc theo quy nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn. 3. Khi cc bn khng c tho thun v php lut khng c quy nh v cht lng th cht lng ca vt mua bn c xc nh theo mc ch s dng v cht lng trung bnh ca vt cng loi. iu 431. Gi v phng thc thanh ton 1. Gi do cc bn tho thun hoc do ngi th ba xc nh theo yu cu ca cc bn. Trong trng hp cc bn tho thun thanh ton theo gi th trng th gi c xc nh ti a im v thi im thanh ton.

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i vi t i sn trong giao dch dn s m Nh nc c quy nh khung gi th cc bn tho thun theo quy nh . 2. Cc bn c th tho thun p dng h s trt gi khi c bin ng v gi. 3. Tho thun v gi c th l mc gi c th hoc mt phng php xc nh gi. Trong trng hp tho thun mc gi hoc phng php xc nh gi khng r r ng th gi ca t i sn c xc nh cn c v o gi th trng ti a im v thi im giao kt hp ng. 4. Phng thc thanh ton do cc bn tho thun. iu 432. Thi hn thc hin hp ng mua bn 1. Thi hn thc hin hp ng mua bn do cc bn tho thun. Bn bn phi giao t i sn cho bn mua ng thi hn tho thun; bn bn ch c giao t i sn trc hoc sau thi hn nu c bn mua ng . 2. Khi cc bn khng tho thun thi hn giao t i sn th bn mua c quyn yu cu bn bn giao t i sn v bn bn cng c quyn yu cu bn mua nhn t i sn bt c lc n o, nhng phi bo trc cho nhau mt thi gian hp l. 3. Khi cc bn khng c tho thun v thi hn thanh ton th bn mua phi thanh ton ngay khi nhn t i sn. iu 433. a im giao t i sn a im giao t i sn do cc bn tho thun; nu khng c tho thun th p dng quy nh ti khon 2 iu 284 ca B lut n y. iu 434. Phng thc giao t i sn T i sn c giao theo phng thc do cc bn tho thun; nu khng c tho thun v phng thc giao t i sn th t i sn do bn bn giao mt ln, giao trc tip cho bn mua. iu 435. Trch nhim do giao vt khng ng s lng 1. Trong trng hp bn bn giao vt vi s lng nhiu hn s lng tho thun th bn mua c quyn nhn hoc khng nhn phn di ra; nu nhn th vic thanh ton c thc hin theo tho thun i vi phn di ra. 2. Trong trng hp bn bn giao t hn s lng tho thun th bn mua c mt trong cc quyn sau y: a) Nhn phn giao v yu cu bi thng thit hi; b) Nhn phn giao v nh thi hn bn bn giao tip phn cn thiu; c) Hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 436. Trch nhim do giao vt khng ng b 1. Trong trng hp vt c giao khng ng b l m cho mc ch s dng ca vt khng t c th bn mua c mt trong cc quyn sau y: a) Nhn v yu cu bn bn giao tip phn hoc b phn cn thiu, yu cu bi thng thit hi v ho n thanh ton phn hoc b phn nhn cho n khi

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vt c giao ng b; b) Hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. 2. Trong trng hp bn mua tr tin nhng cha nhn vt do giao khng ng b th c tr l i i vi s tin tr theo l i sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc quy nh v yu cu bn bn bi thng thit hi do giao vt khng ng b, k t thi im phi thc hin hp ng cho n khi vt c giao ng b. iu 437. Trch nhim giao vt khng ng chng loi Trong trng hp vt c giao khng ng chng loi th bn mua c mt trong cc quyn sau y: 1. Nhn v thanh ton theo gi do cc bn tho thun; 2. Yu cu giao ng chng loi v bi thng thit hi; 3. Hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 438. Ngha v tr tin 1. Bn mua phi tr tin v o thi im v ti a im tho thun; nu khng c tho thun th phi tr tin v o thi im v ti a im giao t i sn. 2. Bn mua phi tr l i, k t ng y chm tr theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu 305 ca B lut n y, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 439. Thi im chuyn quyn s hu 1. Quyn s hu i vi t i sn mua bn c chuyn cho bn mua k t thi im t i sn c chuyn giao, tr trng hp cc bn c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. 2. i vi t i sn mua bn m php lut quy nh phi ng k quyn s hu th quyn s hu c chuyn cho bn mua k t thi im ho n th nh th tc ng k quyn s hu i vi t i sn . 3. Trong trng hp t i sn mua bn cha c chuyn giao m pht sinh hoa li, li tc th hoa li, li tc thuc v bn bn. iu 440. Thi im chu ri ro 1. Bn bn chu ri ro i vi t i sn mua bn cho n khi t i sn c giao cho bn mua, cn bn mua chu ri ro i vi t i sn mua bn k t khi nhn t i sn, nu khng c tho thun khc. 2. i vi hp ng mua bn t i sn m php lut quy nh t i sn phi ng k quyn s hu th bn bn chu ri ro cho n khi ho n th nh th tc ng k, bn mua chu ri ro k t thi im ho n th nh th tc ng k, k c khi bn mua cha nhn t i sn, nu khng c tho thun khc.

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iu 441. Chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu Trong trng hp cc bn khng c tho thun v php lut khng quy nh v chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu th bn bn phi chu chi ph vn chuyn n a im giao t i sn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu. iu 442. Ngha v cung cp thng tin v hng dn cch s dng Bn bn c ngha v cung cp cho bn mua thng tin cn thit v t i sn mua bn v hng dn cch s dng t i sn ; nu bn bn khng thc hin ngha v n y th bn mua c quyn yu cu bn bn phi thc hin; nu bn bn vn khng thc hin th bn mua c quyn hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 443. Bo m quyn s hu ca bn mua i vi t i sn mua bn 1. Bn bn c ngha v bo m quyn s hu i vi t i sn bn cho bn mua khng b ngi th ba tranh chp. 2. Trong trng hp t i sn b ngi th ba tranh chp th bn bn phi ng v pha bn mua bo v quyn li ca bn mua; nu ngi th ba c quyn s hu mt phn hoc to n b t i sn mua bn th bn mua c quyn hu b hp ng v yu cu bn bn bi thng thit hi. 3. Trong trng hp bn mua bit hoc phi bit t i sn mua bn thuc s hu ca ngi th ba m vn mua th phi tr li t i sn cho ch s hu v khng c quyn yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 444. Bo m cht lng vt mua bn 1. Bn bn phi bo m gi tr s dng hoc cc c tnh ca vt mua bn; nu sau khi mua m bn mua pht hin khuyt tt l m mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr s dng ca vt mua th phi bo ngay khi pht hin ra khuyt tt v c quyn yu cu bn bn sa cha, i vt c khuyt tt, gim gi v bi thng thit hi, nu khng c tho thun khc. 2. Bn bn phi bo m vt bn ph hp vi s m t trn bao b, nh n hiu h ng ho hoc ph hp vi mu m bn mua la chn. 3. Bn bn khng chu trch nhim v khuyt tt ca vt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Khuyt tt m bn mua bit hoc phi bit khi mua; b) Vt bn u gi, vt bn ca h ng c; c) Bn mua c li gy ra khuyt tt ca vt. iu 445. Ngha v bo h nh Bn bn c ngha v bo h nh i vi vt mua bn trong mt thi hn, gi l thi hn bo h nh, nu vic bo h nh do cc bn tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. Thi hn bo h nh c tnh k t thi im bn mua c ngha v phi nhn vt.

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iu 446. Quyn yu cu bo h nh Trong thi hn bo h nh nu bn mua pht hin c khuyt tt ca vt mua bn th c quyn yu cu bn bn sa cha khng phi tr tin, gim gi, i vt c khuyt tt ly vt khc hoc tr li vt v ly li tin. iu 447. Sa cha vt trong thi hn bo h nh 1. Bn bn phi sa cha vt v bo m vt c cc tiu chun cht lng hoc c cc c tnh cam kt. 2. Bn bn chu chi ph v sa cha v vn chuyn vt n ni sa cha v t ni sa cha n ni c tr hoc tr s ca bn mua. 3. Bn mua c quyn yu cu bn bn ho n th nh vic sa cha trong thi hn do cc bn tho thun hoc trong mt thi gian hp l; nu bn bn khng th sa cha c hoc khng th ho n th nh vic sa cha trong thi hn th bn mua c quyn yu cu gim gi, i vt c khuyt tt ly vt khc hoc tr li vt v ly li tin. iu 448. Bi thng thit hi trong thi hn bo h nh 1. Ngo i vic yu cu thc hin cc bin php bo h nh, bn mua c quyn yu cu bn bn bi thng thit hi do khuyt tt v k thut ca vt gy ra trong thi hn bo h nh. 2. Bn bn khng phi bi thng thit hi nu chng minh c thit hi xy ra do li ca bn mua. Bn bn c gim mc bi thng thit hi nu bn mua khng p dng cc bin php cn thit m kh nng cho php nhm ngn chn, hn ch thit hi. iu 449. Mua bn quyn t i sn 1. Trong trng hp mua bn quyn t i sn th bn bn phi chuyn giy t v l m th tc chuyn quyn s hu cho bn mua, cn bn mua phi tr tin cho bn bn. 2. Trong trng hp quyn t i sn l quyn i n v bn bn cam kt bo m kh nng thanh ton ca ngi mc n th bn bn phi lin i chu trch nhim thanh ton, nu khi n hn m ngi mc n khng tr. 3. Thi im chuyn quyn s hu i vi quyn t i sn l thi im bn mua nhn c giy t xc nhn v quyn s hu i vi quyn v t i sn hoc t thi im ng k vic chuyn quyn s hu, nu php lut c quy nh.
II- HP NG MUA BN NH

iu 450. Hnh thc hp ng mua bn nh Hp ng mua bn nh phi c lp th nh vn bn, c cng chng hoc chng thc, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 451. Ngha v ca bn bn nh Bn bn nh c cc ngha v sau y:

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1. Thng bo cho bn mua v cc hn ch quyn s hu i vi nh mua bn, nu c; 2. Bo qun nh bn trong thi gian cha giao nh cho bn mua; 3. Giao nh ng tnh trng ghi trong hp ng km theo h s v nh cho bn mua; 4. Thc hin ng cc th tc mua bn nh theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 452. Quyn ca bn bn nh Bn bn nh c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn mua nhn nh ng thi hn tho thun; 2. Yu cu bn mua tr tin ng thi hn, theo phng thc tho thun; 3. Yu cu bn mua ho n th nh cc th tc mua bn nh trong thi hn tho thun; 4. Khng giao nh khi cha nhn tin nh nh tho thun. iu 453. Ngha v ca bn mua nh Bn mua nh c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Tr tin mua nh ng thi hn, theo phng thc tho thun; nu khng c tho thun v thi hn v a im tr tin th bn mua phi tr v o thi im bn bn giao nh v ti ni c nh ; 2. Nhn nh v h s v nh ng thi hn tho thun; 3. Trong trng hp mua nh ang cho thu, phi bo m quyn, li ch ca ngi thu nh tho thun trong hp ng thu khi thi hn thu cn hiu lc. iu 454. Quyn ca bn mua nh Bn mua nh c cc quyn sau y: 1. c nhn nh km theo h s v nh theo ng tnh trng tho thun; 2. Yu cu bn bn ho n th nh cc th tc mua bn nh trong thi hn tho thun; 3. Yu cu bn bn giao nh ng thi hn; nu khng giao hoc chm giao nh th phi bi thng thit hi. iu 455. Mua nh s dng v o mc ch khc Trong trng hp php lut khng c quy nh khc th cc quy nh ti cc iu t iu 450 n iu 454 ca B lut n y cng c p dng i vi vic mua nh s dng v o mc ch khc khng phi l mua nh .
III- MT S QUY NH RING V MUA BN TI SN

iu 456. Bn u gi T i sn c th c em bn u gi theo mun ca ch s hu hoc php lut c quy nh.

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T i sn chung em bn u gi phi c s ng ca cc ch s hu chung, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 457. Thng bo bn u gi 1. Ngi bn u gi phi thng bo cng khai ti ni bn u gi v trn phng tin thng tin i chng v thi gian, a im, s lng, cht lng v danh mc cc t i sn bn u gi chm nht l by ng y i vi ng sn, ba mi ng y i vi bt ng sn trc ng y bn u gi. 2. Nhng ngi c lin quan n t i sn bn u gi phi c thng bo v vic bn u gi tham gia nh gi khi im, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 458. Thc hin bn u gi 1. Khi bn u gi, ngi bn u gi cng b gi bn khi im. 2. Ngi tr gi cao nht v t nht bng gi khi im l ngi c mua t i sn bn u gi v c coi l chp nhn giao kt hp ng. 3. Vic bn u gi c lp th nh vn bn v c ch k ca ngi mua, ngi bn v hai ngi chng kin. 4. Thi hn giao t i sn bn u gi, thi hn v phng thc thanh ton c thc hin theo quy ch bn u gi. 5. Ngi bn u gi khng chu trch nhim v gi tr, cht lng ca t i sn bn u gi. 6. Trong trng hp gi mua cao nht c cng b thp hn so vi gi khi im th cuc bn u gi xem nh khng th nh. Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v t chc v th tc bn u gi t i sn. iu 459. Bn u gi bt ng sn 1. Vic bn u gi bt ng sn c thc hin ti ni c bt ng sn hoc ni do ngi bn u gi xc nh. 2. Sau khi c thng bo v vic bn u gi bt ng sn, nhng ngi mun mua phi ng k mua v phi np mt khon tin t trc. Danh sch nhng ngi ng k mua c cng b cng khai ti ni bn u gi. 3. Trong trng hp mua c t i sn bn u gi th khon tin t trc c tr v o gi mua; nu ngi mua t chi mua th khng c ho n tr khon tin . 4. Ngi bn u gi phi ho n tr khon tin t trc cho nhng ngi khc ng k m khng mua c t i sn bn u gi. 5. Vic mua bn bt ng sn bn u gi c lp th nh vn bn c cng chng, chng thc hoc phi c ng k, nu php lut c quy nh. iu 460. Mua sau khi s dng th 1. Cc bn c th tho thun v vic bn mua c dng th vt mua trong mt thi hn gi l thi hn dng th. Trong thi hn dng th, bn mua c th tr

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li mua hoc khng mua; nu ht thi hn dng th m bn mua khng tr li th coi nh chp nhn mua theo cc iu kin tho thun trc khi nhn vt dng th. 2. Trong thi hn dng th, vt vn thuc s hu ca bn bn. Bn bn phi chu mi ri ro xy ra i vi vt, nu khng c tho thun khc. Trong thi hn dng th, bn bn khng c bn, tng cho, cho thu, trao i, th chp, cm c t i sn khi bn mua cha tr li. 3. Trong trng hp bn dng th tr li khng mua th phi tr li vt cho bn bn v phi bi thng thit hi cho bn bn, nu l m mt mt, h hng vt dng th. Bn dng th khng phi chu trch nhim v nhng hao mn thng thng do vic dng th gy ra v khng phi ho n tr hoa li do vic dng th mang li. iu 461. Mua tr chm, tr dn 1. Cc bn c th tho thun v vic bn mua tr chm hoc tr dn tin mua trong mt thi hn sau khi nhn vt mua; bn bn c bo lu quyn s hu ca mnh i vi vt bn cho n khi bn mua tr tin, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Hp ng mua tr chm hoc tr dn phi c lp th nh vn bn. Bn mua c quyn s dng vt mua tr chm, tr dn v phi chu ri ro trong thi gian s dng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 462. Chuc li t i sn bn 1. Bn bn c th tho thun vi bn mua v quyn chuc li t i sn bn sau mt thi hn gi l thi hn chuc li. Thi hn chuc li t i sn do cc bn tho thun nhng khng qu mt nm i vi ng sn v nm nm i vi bt ng sn, k t thi im giao t i sn. Trong thi hn n y bn bn c quyn chuc li bt c lc n o, nhng phi bo trc cho bn mua trong mt thi gian hp l. Gi chuc li l gi th trng ti thi im v a im chuc li, nu khng c tho thun khc. 2. Trong thi hn chuc li, bn mua khng c bn, trao i, tng cho, cho thu, th chp, cm c t i sn, phi chu ri ro i vi t i sn.
Mc 2 HP NG TRAO I TI SN

iu 463. Hp ng trao i t i sn 1. Hp ng trao i t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo cc bn giao t i sn v chuyn quyn s hu i vi t i sn cho nhau. 2. Hp ng trao i t i sn phi c lp th nh vn bn, c cng chng, chng thc hoc ng k, nu php lut c quy nh. 3. Trong trng hp mt bn trao i cho bn kia t i sn khng thuc quyn s hu ca mnh hoc khng c ch s hu u quyn th bn kia c quyn hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi.

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4. Mi bn u c coi l ngi bn i vi t i sn giao cho bn kia v l ngi mua i vi t i sn nhn v. Cc quy nh v hp ng mua bn t iu 428 n iu 437 v t iu 439 n iu 448 ca B lut n y cng c p dng i vi hp ng trao i t i sn. iu 464. Thanh ton gi tr chnh lch Trong trng hp t i sn trao i chnh lch v gi tr th cc bn phi thanh ton cho nhau phn chnh lch , tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc.
Mc 3 HP NG TNG CHO TI SN

iu 465. Hp ng tng cho t i sn Hp ng tng cho t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn tng cho giao t i sn ca mnh v chuyn quyn s hu cho bn c tng cho m khng yu cu n b, cn bn c tng cho ng nhn. iu 466. Tng cho ng sn Hp ng tng cho ng sn c hiu lc khi bn c tng cho nhn t i sn; i vi ng sn m php lut c quy nh ng k quyn s hu th hp ng tng cho c hiu lc k t thi im ng k. iu 467. Tng cho bt ng sn 1. Tng cho bt ng sn phi c lp th nh vn bn c cng chng, chng thc hoc phi ng k, nu theo quy nh ca php lut bt ng sn phi ng k quyn s hu. 2. Hp ng tng cho bt ng sn c hiu lc k t thi im ng k; nu bt ng sn khng phi ng k quyn s hu th hp ng tng cho c hiu lc k t thi im chuyn giao t i sn. iu 468. Trch nhim do c tng cho t i sn khng thuc s hu ca mnh Trong trng hp bn tng cho c tng cho t i sn khng thuc s hu ca mnh m bn c tng cho khng bit hoc khng th bit v vic th bn tng cho phi thanh ton chi ph l m tng gi tr ca t i sn cho bn c tng cho khi ch s hu ly li t i sn. iu 469. Thng bo khuyt tt ca t i sn tng cho Bn tng cho c ngha v thng bo cho bn c tng cho khuyt tt ca t i sn tng cho. Trong trng hp bn tng cho bit t i sn c khuyt tt m khng thng bo th phi chu trch nhim bi thng thit hi xy ra cho ngi c tng cho; nu bn tng cho khng bit v khuyt tt ca t i sn tng cho th khng phi chu trch nhim bi thng thit hi.

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iu 470. Tng cho t i sn c iu kin 1. Bn tng cho c th yu cu bn c tng cho thc hin mt hoc nhiu ngha v dn s trc hoc sau khi tng cho. iu kin tng cho khng c tri php lut, o c x hi. 2. Trong trng hp phi thc hin ngha v trc khi tng cho, nu bn c tng cho ho n th nh ngha v m bn tng cho khng giao t i sn th bn tng cho phi thanh ton ngha v m bn c tng cho thc hin. 3. Trong trng hp phi thc hin ngha v sau khi tng cho m bn c tng cho khng thc hin th bn tng cho c quyn i li t i sn v yu cu bi thng thit hi.
Mc 4 HP NG VAY TI SN

iu 471. Hp ng vay t i sn Hp ng vay t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn cho vay giao t i sn cho bn vay; khi n hn tr, bn vay phi ho n tr cho bn cho vay t i sn cng loi theo ng s lng, cht lng v ch phi tr l i nu c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. iu 472. Quyn s hu i vi t i sn vay Bn vay tr th nh ch s hu t i sn vay k t thi im nhn t i sn . iu 473. Ngha v ca bn cho vay Bn cho vay c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Giao t i sn cho bn vay y , ng cht lng, s lng v o thi im v a im tho thun; 2. Bi thng thit hi cho bn vay, nu bn cho vay bit t i sn khng bo m cht lng m khng bo cho bn vay bit, tr trng hp bn vay bit m vn nhn t i sn ; 3. Khng c yu cu bn vay tr li t i sn trc thi hn, tr trng hp quy nh ti iu 478 ca B lut n y. iu 474. Ngha v tr n ca bn vay 1. Bn vay t i sn l tin th phi tr tin khi n hn; nu t i sn l vt th phi tr vt cng loi ng s lng, cht lng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Trong trng hp bn vay khng th tr vt th c th tr bng tin theo tr gi ca vt vay ti a im v thi im tr n, nu c bn cho vay ng . 3. a im tr n l ni c tr hoc ni t tr s ca bn cho vay, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 4. Trong trng hp vay khng c l i m khi n hn bn vay khng tr n hoc tr khng y th bn vay phi tr l i i vi khon n chm tr theo l i

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sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc cng b tng ng vi thi hn chm tr ti thi im tr n, nu c tho thun. 5. Trong trng hp vay c l i m khi n hn bn vay khng tr hoc tr khng y th bn vay phi tr l i trn n gc v l i n qu hn theo l i sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc cng b tng ng vi thi hn vay ti thi im tr n. iu 475. S dng t i sn vay Cc bn c th tho thun v vic t i sn vay phi c s dng ng mc ch vay; bn cho vay c quyn kim tra vic s dng t i sn v c quyn i li t i sn vay trc thi hn, nu nhc nh m bn vay vn s dng t i sn tri mc ch. iu 476. L i sut 1. L i sut vay do cc bn tho thun nhng khng c vt qu 150% ca l i sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc cng b i vi loi cho vay tng ng. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn c tho thun v vic tr l i, nhng khng xc nh r l i sut hoc c tranh chp v l i sut th p dng l i sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc cng b tng ng vi thi hn vay ti thi im tr n. iu 477. Thc hin hp ng vay khng k hn 1. i vi hp ng vay khng k hn v khng c l i th bn cho vay c quyn i li t i sn v bn vay cng c quyn tr n v o bt c lc n o, nhng phi bo cho nhau bit trc mt thi gian hp l, nu khng c tho thun khc. 2. i vi hp ng vay khng k hn v c l i th bn cho vay c quyn i li t i sn bt c lc n o nhng phi bo trc cho bn vay mt thi gian hp l v c tr l i n thi im nhn li t i sn, cn bn vay cng c quyn tr li t i sn bt c lc n o v ch phi tr l i cho n thi im tr n, nhng cng phi bo trc cho bn cho vay mt thi gian hp l. iu 478. Thc hin hp ng vay c k hn 1. i vi hp ng vay c k hn v khng c l i th bn vay c quyn tr li t i sn bt c lc n o, nhng phi bo trc cho bn cho vay mt thi gian hp l, cn bn cho vay ch c i li t i sn trc k hn, nu c bn vay ng . 2. i vi hp ng vay c k hn v c l i th bn vay c quyn tr li t i sn trc k hn, nhng phi tr to n b l i theo k hn, nu khng c tho thun khc. iu 479. H, hi, biu, phng 1. H, hi, biu, phng (sau y gi chung l h) l mt hnh thc giao dch v t i sn theo tp qun trn c s tho thun ca mt nhm ngi tp hp nhau li cng nh ra s ngi, thi gian, s tin hoc t i sn khc, th thc gp, lnh h v quyn, ngha v ca cc th nh vin. 2. Hnh thc h nhm mc ch tng tr trong nhn dn c thc hin theo

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quy nh ca php lut. 3. Nghim cm vic t chc h di hnh thc cho vay nng l i.
Mc 5 HP NG THU TI SN I- QUY NH CHUNG V HP NG THU TI SN

iu 480. Hp ng thu t i sn Hp ng thu t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn cho thu giao t i sn cho bn thu s dng trong mt thi hn, cn bn thu phi tr tin thu. iu 481. Gi thu Gi thu t i sn do cc bn tho thun. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh v khung gi thu th cc bn ch c tho thun v gi thu trong phm vi khung gi . iu 482. Thi hn thu 1. Thi hn thu do cc bn tho thun; nu khng c tho thun th c xc nh theo mc ch thu. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn khng tho thun v thi hn thu hoc thi hn thu khng th xc nh c theo mc ch thu th hp ng thu ht thi hn khi bn thu t c mc ch thu. iu 483. Cho thu li Bn thu c quyn cho thu li t i sn m mnh thu, nu c bn cho thu ng . iu 484. Giao t i sn thu 1. Bn cho thu phi giao t i sn cho bn thu ng s lng, cht lng, chng loi, tnh trng v ng thi im, a im tho thun v cung cp nhng thng tin cn thit v vic s dng t i sn . 2. Trong trng hp bn cho thu chm giao t i sn th bn thu c th gia hn giao t i sn hoc hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi; nu t i sn thu khng ng cht lng nh tho thun th bn thu c quyn yu cu bn cho thu sa cha, gim gi thu hoc hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 485. Ngha v bo m gi tr s dng ca t i sn thu 1. Bn cho thu phi bo m t i sn thu trong tnh trng nh tho thun, ph hp vi mc ch thu trong sut thi gian cho thu; phi sa cha nhng h hng, khuyt tt ca t i sn thu, tr h hng nh m theo tp qun bn thu phi t sa cha. 2. Trong trng hp t i sn thu b gim st gi tr s dng m khng do li

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ca bn thu th bn thu c quyn yu cu bn cho thu: a) Sa cha t i sn; b) Gim gi thu; c) i t i sn khc hoc n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi, nu t i sn thu khng th sa cha c m do mc ch thu khng t c hoc t i sn thu c khuyt tt m bn thu khng bit. 3. Trong trng hp bn cho thu c thng bo m khng sa cha hoc sa cha khng kp thi th bn thu c quyn t sa cha t i sn thu, nhng phi bo cho bn cho thu v c quyn yu cu bn cho thu thanh ton chi ph sa cha. iu 486. Ngha v bo m quyn s dng t i sn cho bn thu 1. Bn cho thu phi bo m quyn s dng t i sn n nh cho bn thu. 2. Trong trng hp c tranh chp v quyn s hu i vi t i sn thu m bn thu khng c s dng t i sn n nh th bn thu c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 487. Ngha v bo qun t i sn thu 1. Bn thu phi bo qun t i sn thu nh t i sn ca chnh mnh, phi bo dng v sa cha nh; nu l m mt mt, h hng th phi bi thng. Bn thu khng chu trch nhim v nhng hao mn t nhin do s dng t i sn thu. 2. Bn thu c th tu sa v l m tng gi tr t i sn thu, nu c bn cho thu ng v c quyn yu cu bn cho thu thanh ton chi ph hp l. iu 488. Ngha v s dng t i sn thu ng cng dng, mc ch 1. Bn thu phi s dng t i sn thu theo ng cng dng ca t i sn v ng mc ch tho thun. 2. Trong trng hp bn thu s dng t i sn khng ng mc ch, khng ng cng dng th bn cho thu c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 489. Tr tin thu 1. Bn thu phi tr tin thu ng thi hn tho thun; nu khng c tho thun v thi hn tr tin thu th thi hn tr tin thu c xc nh theo tp qun ni tr tin; nu khng th xc nh c thi hn theo tp qun th bn thu phi tr tin khi tr li t i sn thu. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn tho thun vic tr tin thu theo k hn th bn cho thu c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng, nu bn thu khng tr tin trong ba k lin tip, tr trng hp c tha thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 490. Tr li t i sn thu 1. Bn thu phi tr li t i sn thu trong tnh trng nh khi nhn, tr hao

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mn t nhin hoc theo ng nh tnh trng tho thun; nu gi tr ca t i sn thu b gim st so vi tnh trng khi nhn th bn cho thu c quyn yu cu bi thng thit hi, tr hao mn t nhin. 2. Trong trng hp t i sn thu l ng sn th a im tr li t i sn thu l ni c tr hoc tr s ca bn cho thu, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 3. Trong trng hp t i sn thu l gia sc, bn thu phi tr li gia sc thu v c gia sc c sinh ra trong thi gian thu, nu khng c tho thun khc. Bn cho thu phi thanh ton chi ph chm sc gia sc c sinh ra cho bn thu. 4. Khi bn thu chm tr t i sn thu th bn cho thu c quyn yu cu bn thu tr li t i sn thu v tr tin thu trong thi gian chm tr v phi bi thng thit hi; bn thu phi tr tin pht vi phm do chm tr t i sn thu, nu c tho thun. 5. Bn thu phi chu ri ro xy ra i vi t i sn thu trong thi gian chm tr. iu 491. Chm dt hp ng thu t i sn Hp ng thu t i sn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Thi hn thu ht; 2. Theo tho thun ca cc bn v vic chm dt trc thi hn; i vi hp ng thu khng xc nh thi hn, khi bn cho thu mun chm dt hp ng th phi bo cho bn thu bit trc mt thi gian hp l, nu khng c tho thun v thi hn bo trc; 3. Hp ng b hu b hoc b n phng chm dt thc hin; 4. T i sn thu khng cn.
II- HP NG THU NH

iu 492. Hnh thc hp ng thu nh Hp ng thu nh phi c lp th nh vn bn, nu thi hn thu t su thng tr ln th phi c cng chng hoc chng thc v phi ng k, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 493. Ngha v ca bn cho thu nh Bn cho thu nh c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Giao nh cho bn thu theo ng hp ng; 2. Bo m cho bn thu s dng n nh nh trong thi hn thu; 3. Bo dng, sa cha nh theo nh k hoc theo tho thun; nu bn cho thu khng bo dng, sa cha nh m gy thit hi cho bn thu th phi bi thng. iu 494. Quyn ca bn cho thu nh Bn cho thu nh c cc quyn sau y:

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1. Nhn tin thu nh ng k hn tho thun; 2. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng thu nh theo quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 3 iu 498 ca B lut n y; 3. Ci to, nng cp nh cho thu khi c bn thu ng , nhng khng c gy phin h cho bn thu s dng ch ; 4. c ly li nh cho thu khi thi hn thu ht; nu hp ng khng quy nh thi hn thu th bn cho thu mun ly li nh phi bo cho bn thu bit trc su thng. iu 495. Ngha v ca bn thu nh Bn thu nh c cc ngha v sau y: 1. S dng nh ng mc ch tho thun; 2. Tr tin thu nh ng k hn tho thun; 3. Gi gn nh , sa cha nhng h hng do mnh gy ra; 4. Tn trng quy tc sinh hot cng cng; 5. Tr nh cho bn cho thu theo ng tho thun. iu 496. Quyn ca bn thu nh Bn thu nh c cc quyn sau y: 1. Nhn nh thu theo ng tho thun; 2. c i nh ang thu vi ngi thu khc, nu c bn cho thu ng bng vn bn; 3. c cho thu li nh ang thu, nu c bn cho thu ng bng vn bn; 4. c tip tc thu theo cc iu kin tho thun vi bn cho thu, trong trng hp thay i ch s hu nh ; 5. Yu cu bn cho thu sa cha nh ang cho thu trong trng hp nh b h hng nng. 6. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng thu nh theo quy nh ti khon 2 v khon 3 iu 498 ca B lut n y. iu 497. Quyn, ngha v ca nhng ngi thuc bn thu c tn trong hp ng thu nh Nhng ngi thuc bn thu c tn trong hp ng thu nh c quyn, ngha v ngang nhau i vi bn cho thu v phi lin i thc hin cc ngha v ca bn thu i vi bn cho thu. iu 498. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng thu nh 1. Bn cho thu nh c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng thu nh khi bn thu c mt trong cc h nh vi sau y: a) Khng tr tin thu nh lin tip trong ba thng tr ln m khng c l do

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chnh ng; b) S dng nh khng ng mc ch thu; c) C l m nh h hng nghim trng; d) Sa cha, i hoc cho ngi khc thu li to n b hoc mt phn nh ang thu m khng c s ng bng vn bn ca bn cho thu; ) L m mt trt t cng cng nhiu ln v nh hng nghim trng n sinh hot bnh thng ca nhng ngi xung quanh; e) L m nh hng nghim trng n v sinh mi trng. 2. Bn thu nh c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng thu nh khi bn cho thu c mt trong cc h nh vi sau y: a) Khng sa cha nh khi cht lng nh gim st nghim trng; b) Tng gi thu nh bt hp l. c) Quyn s dng nh b hn ch do li ch ca ngi th ba. 3. Bn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng thu nh phi bo cho bn kia bit trc mt thng, nu khng c tho thun khc. iu 499. Chm dt hp ng thu nh Hp ng thu nh chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Thi hn thu ht; nu hp ng khng xc nh thi hn thu th hp ng chm dt sau su thng, k t ng y bn cho thu bo cho bn thu bit v vic i nh ; 2. Nh cho thu khng cn; 3. Bn thu nh cht v khng c ai cng chung sng; 4. Nh cho thu phi ph d do b h hng nng c nguy c sp hoc do thc hin quy hoch xy dng ca Nh nc. iu 500. Thu nh s dng v o mc ch khc Trong trng hp php lut khng c quy nh khc th quy nh ti cc iu t iu 492 n iu 499 ca B lut n y cng c p dng i vi vic thu nh s dng v o mc ch khc khng phi l thu nh .
III- HP NG THU KHON TI SN

iu 501. Hp ng thu khon t i sn Hp ng thu khon t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn cho thu khon giao t i sn cho bn thu khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc thu c t t i sn v c ngha v tr tin thu. iu 502. i tng ca hp ng thu khon i tng ca hp ng thu khon c th l t ai, rng, mt nc cha khai thc, sc vt, c s sn xut, kinh doanh, t liu sn xut khc cng trang

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thit b cn thit khai thc cng dng, hng hoa li, li tc, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. iu 503. Thi hn thu khon Thi hn thu khon do cc bn tho thun theo chu k sn xut, kinh doanh ph hp vi tnh cht ca i tng thu khon. iu 504. Gi thu khon Gi thu khon do cc bn tho thun; nu thu khon thng qua u thu th gi thu khon l gi c xc nh khi u thu. iu 505. Giao t i sn thu khon Khi giao t i sn thu khon, cc bn phi lp bin bn nh gi tnh trng ca t i sn thu khon v xc nh gi tr t i sn thu khon. Trong trng hp cc bn khng xc nh c gi tr th mi ngi th ba xc nh gi tr v phi lp th nh vn bn. iu 506. Tr tin thu khon v phng thc tr 1. Tin thu khon c th bng hin vt, bng tin hoc bng vic thc hin mt cng vic. 2. Bn thu khon phi tr tin thu khon cho d khng khai thc cng dng t i sn thu khon. 3. Khi giao kt hp ng thu khon cc bn c th tho thun iu kin v vic gim tin thu khon; nu hoa li, li tc b mt t nht l mt phn ba do s kin bt kh khng th bn thu khon c quyn yu cu gim hoc min tin thu khon, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 4. Trong trng hp bn thu khon phi tr hin vt theo thi v hoc theo chu k khai thc cng dng ca t i sn thu khon th phi tr v o thi im kt thc thi v hoc kt thc chu k khai thc, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 5. Trong trng hp bn thu khon phi thc hin mt cng vic th phi thc hin ng cng vic . iu 507. Khai thc t i sn thu khon Bn thu khon phi khai thc t i sn thu khon ng mc ch tho thun v bo cho bn thu khon theo nh k v tnh trng t i sn v tnh hnh khai thc t i sn; nu bn cho thu khon c yu cu hoc cn bo t xut th bn thu khon phi bo kp thi. Khi bn thu khon khai thc cng dng t i sn thu khon khng ng mc ch th bn cho thu khon c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 508. Bo qun, bo dng, nh ot t i sn thu khon 1. Trong thi hn khai thc t i sn thu khon, bn thu khon phi bo qun, bo dng t i sn thu khon v trang thit b km theo bng chi ph ca mnh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc; nu bn thu khon l m mt mt, h hng hoc l m mt gi tr, gim st gi tr t i sn thu khon th phi bi thng thit hi.

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Bn thu khon khng chu trch nhim v nhng hao mn t nhin do s dng t i sn thu khon. 2. Bn thu khon c th t mnh thay th, ci to t i sn thu khon, nu c tho thun v phi bo to n gi tr t i sn thu khon. Bn cho thu khon phi thanh ton cho bn thu khon chi ph hp l thay th, ci to t i sn thu khon theo tho thun. 3. Bn thu khon khng c cho thu khon li, tr trng hp c bn cho thu khon ng . iu 509. Hng hoa li, chu thit hi v sc vt thu khon Trong thi hn thu khon sc vt, bn thu khon c hng mt na s sc vt sinh ra v phi chu mt na nhng thit hi v sc vt thu khon do s kin bt kh khng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 510. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng thu khon 1. Trong trng hp mt bn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng th phi bo cho bn kia bit trc mt thi gian hp l; nu thu khon theo thi v hoc theo chu k khai thc th thi hn bo trc phi ph hp vi thi v hoc chu k khai thc. 2. Trong trng hp bn thu khon vi phm ngha v, m vic khai thc i tng thu khon l ngun sng duy nht ca bn thu khon v vic tip tc thu khon khng l m nh hng nghim trng n li ch ca bn cho thu khon th bn cho thu khon khng c n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng; bn thu khon phi cam kt vi bn cho thu khon khng c tip tc vi phm hp ng. iu 511. Tr li t i sn thu khon Khi chm dt hp ng thu khon, bn thu khon phi tr li t i sn thu khon tnh trng ph hp vi mc khu hao tho thun; nu l m mt gi tr hoc gim st gi tr ca t i sn thu khon th phi bi thng thit hi.
Mc 6 HP NG MN TI SN

iu 512. Hp ng mn t i sn Hp ng mn t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn cho mn giao t i sn cho bn mn s dng trong mt thi hn m khng phi tr tin, cn bn mn phi tr li t i sn khi ht thi hn mn hoc mc ch mn t c. iu 513. i tng ca hp ng mn t i sn Tt c nhng vt khng tiu hao u c th l i tng ca hp ng mn t i sn. iu 514. Ngha v ca bn mn t i sn Bn mn t i sn c cc ngha v sau y:

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1. Gi gn, bo qun t i sn mn nh t i sn ca chnh mnh, khng c t thay i tnh trng ca t i sn; nu t i sn b h hng thng thng th phi sa cha; 2. Khng c cho ngi khc mn li, nu khng c s ng ca bn cho mn; 3. Tr li t i sn mn ng thi hn; nu khng c tho thun v thi hn tr li t i sn th bn mn phi tr li t i sn ngay sau khi mc ch mn t c; 4. Bi thng thit hi, nu l m h hng, mt mt t i sn mn. iu 515. Quyn ca bn mn t i sn Bn mn t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. c s dng t i sn mn theo ng cng dng ca t i sn v ng mc ch tho thun; 2. Yu cu bn cho mn phi thanh ton chi ph hp l v vic sa cha hoc l m tng gi tr t i sn mn, nu c tho thun. 3. Khng phi chu trch nhim v nhng hao mn t nhin ca t i sn mn. iu 516. Ngha v ca bn cho mn t i sn Bn cho mn t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Cung cp thng tin cn thit v vic s dng t i sn v khuyt tt ca t i sn, nu c; 2. Thanh ton cho bn mn chi ph sa cha, chi ph l m tng gi tr t i sn, nu c tho thun; 3. Bi thng thit hi cho bn mn, nu bit t i sn c khuyt tt m khng bo cho bn mn bit dn n gy thit hi cho bn mn, tr nhng khuyt tt m bn mn bit hoc phi bit. iu 517. Quyn ca bn cho mn t i sn Bn cho mn t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. i li t i sn ngay sau khi bn mn t c mc ch nu khng c tho thun v thi hn mn; nu bn cho mn c nhu cu t xut v cp bch cn s dng t i sn cho mn th c i li t i sn mc d bn mn cha t c mc ch, nhng phi bo trc mt thi gian hp l; 2. i li t i sn khi bn mn s dng khng ng mc ch, cng dng, khng ng cch thc tho thun hoc cho ngi khc mn li m khng c s ng ca bn cho mn; 3. Yu cu bi thng thit hi i vi t i sn do ngi mn gy ra.
Mc 7 HP NG DCH V

iu 518. Hp ng dch v Hp ng dch v l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn cung ng dch

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v thc hin cng vic cho bn thu dch v, cn bn thu dch v phi tr tin dch v cho bn cung ng dch v. iu 519. i tng ca hp ng dch v i tng ca hp ng dch v phi l cng vic c th thc hin c, khng b php lut cm, khng tri o c x hi. iu 520. Ngha v ca bn thu dch v Bn thu dch v c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Cung cp cho bn cung ng dch v thng tin, t i liu v cc phng tin cn thit thc hin cng vic, nu c tho thun hoc vic thc hin cng vic i hi; 2. Tr tin dch v cho bn cung ng dch v theo tho thun. iu 521. Quyn ca bn thu dch v Bn thu dch v c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn cung ng dch v thc hin cng vic theo ng cht lng, s lng, thi hn, a im v cc tho thun khc; 2. Trong trng hp bn cung ng dch v vi phm nghim trng ngha v th bn thu dch v c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 522. Ngha v ca bn cung ng dch v Bn cung ng dch v c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Thc hin cng vic ng cht lng, s lng, thi hn, a im v cc tho thun khc; 2. Khng c giao cho ngi khc thc hin thay cng vic, nu khng c s ng ca bn thu dch v; 3. Bo qun v phi giao li cho bn thu dch v t i liu v phng tin c giao sau khi ho n th nh cng vic; 4. Bo ngay cho bn thu dch v v vic thng tin, t i liu khng y , phng tin khng bo m cht lng ho n th nh cng vic; 5. Gi b mt thng tin m mnh bit c trong thi gian thc hin cng vic, nu c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh; 6. Bi thng thit hi cho bn thu dch v, nu l m mt mt, h hng t i liu, phng tin c giao hoc tit l b mt thng tin. iu 523. Quyn ca bn cung ng dch v Bn cung ng dch v c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn thu dch v cung cp thng tin, t i liu v phng tin; 2. c thay i iu kin dch v v li ch ca bn thu dch v, m khng nht thit phi ch kin ca bn thu dch v, nu vic ch kin s gy thit

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hi cho bn thu dch v, nhng phi bo ngay cho bn thu dch v; 3. Yu cu bn thu dch v tr tin dch v. iu 524. Tr tin dch v 1. Bn thu dch v phi tr tin dch v theo tho thun. 2. Khi giao kt hp ng nu khng c tho thun v gi dch v, phng php xc nh gi dch v v khng c bt k ch dn n o khc v gi dch v th gi dch v c xc nh cn c v o gi th trng ca dch v cng loi ti thi im v a im giao kt hp ng. 3. Bn thu dch v phi tr tin dch v ti a im thc hin cng vic khi ho n th nh dch v, nu khng c tho thun khc. 4. Trong trng hp dch v c cung ng khng t c nh tho thun hoc cng vic khng c ho n th nh ng thi hn th bn thu dch v c quyn gim tin dch v v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 525. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng dch v 1. Trong trng hp vic tip tc thc hin cng vic khng c li cho bn thu dch v th bn thu dch v c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng, nhng phi bo cho bn cung ng dch v bit trc mt thi gian hp l; bn thu dch v phi tr tin cng theo phn dch v m bn cung ng dch v thc hin v bi thng thit hi. 2. Trong trng hp bn thu dch v khng thc hin ngha v ca mnh hoc thc hin khng ng theo tho thun th bn cung ng dch v c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 526. Tip tc hp ng dch v Sau khi kt thc thi hn dch v m cng vic cha ho n th nh v bn cung ng dch v vn tip tc thc hin cng vic, cn bn thu dch v bit nhng khng phn i th hp ng dch v ng nhin c tip tc thc hin theo ni dung tho thun cho n khi cng vic c ho n th nh.
Mc 8 HP NG VN CHUYN I- HP NG VN CHUYN HNH KHCH

iu 527. Hp ng vn chuyn h nh khch Hp ng vn chuyn h nh khch l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn vn chuyn chuyn ch h nh khch, h nh l n a im nh theo tho thun, cn h nh khch phi thanh ton cc ph vn chuyn. iu 528. Hnh thc hp ng vn chuyn h nh khch 1. Hp ng vn chuyn h nh khch c th c lp th nh vn bn hoc bng li ni.

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2. V l bng chng ca vic giao kt hp ng vn chuyn h nh khch gia cc bn. iu 529. Ngha v ca bn vn chuyn Bn vn chuyn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Chuyn ch h nh khch t a im xut pht n ng a im, n ng gi, vn minh, lch s v bng phng tin tho thun mt cch an to n, theo l trnh; bo m ch cho khch v khng chuyn ch vt qu trng ti; 2. Mua bo him trch nhim dn s i vi h nh khch theo quy nh ca php lut; 3. Bo m thi gian xut pht c thng bo hoc theo tho thun; 4. Chuyn ch h nh l v tr li cho h nh khch hoc ngi c quyn nhn h nh l ti a im tho thun theo ng thi gian, l trnh; 5. Ho n tr cho h nh khch cc ph vn chuyn theo tho thun. Trong trng hp php lut c quy nh th theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 530. Quyn ca bn vn chuyn Bn vn chuyn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu h nh khch tr cc ph vn chuyn h nh khch, cc ph vn chuyn h nh l mang theo ngi vt qu mc quy nh; 2. T chi chuyn ch h nh khch trong cc trng hp sau y: a) H nh khch khng chp h nh quy nh ca bn vn chuyn hoc c h nh vi l m mt trt t cng cng, cn tr cng vic ca bn vn chuyn, e da n tnh mng, sc kho, t i sn ca ngi khc hoc c nhng h nh vi khc khng bo m an to n trong h nh trnh; trong trng hp n y, h nh khch khng c tr li cc ph vn chuyn v phi chu pht vi phm, nu iu l vn chuyn c quy nh; b) Do tnh trng sc kho ca h nh khch m bn vn chuyn thy r rng vic vn chuyn s gy nguy him cho chnh h nh khch hoc nhng ngi khc trong h nh trnh; c) ngn nga dch bnh ly lan. iu 531. Ngha v ca h nh khch H nh khch c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Tr cc ph vn chuyn h nh khch, cc ph vn chuyn h nh l vt qu mc quy nh v t bo qun h nh l mang theo ngi; 2. C mt ti im xut pht ng thi gian tho thun; 3. Tn trng, chp h nh ng cc quy nh ca bn vn chuyn v cc quy nh khc v bo m an to n giao thng. iu 532. Quyn ca h nh khch H nh khch c cc quyn sau y:

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1. Yu cu c chuyn ch ng bng phng tin vn chuyn v gi tr loi v vi l trnh tho thun; 2. c min cc ph vn chuyn i vi h nh l k gi v h nh l xch tay trong hn mc theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut; 3. Yu cu thanh ton chi ph pht sinh hoc bi thng thit hi, nu bn vn chuyn c li trong vic khng chuyn ch ng thi hn, a im tho thun; 4. c nhn li to n b hoc mt phn cc ph vn chuyn trong trng hp quy nh ti im b v im c khon 2 iu 530 ca B lut n y v nhng trng hp khc do php lut quy nh hoc theo tho thun; 5. Nhn h nh l ti a im tho thun theo ng thi gian, l trnh; 6. Yu cu tm dng h nh trnh trong thi hn v theo th tc do php lut quy nh. iu 533. Trch nhim bi thng thit hi 1. Trong trng hp tnh mng, sc kho v h nh l ca h nh khch b thit hi th bn vn chuyn phi bi thng theo quy nh ca php lut. 2. Bn vn chuyn khng phi bi thng thit hi v tnh mng, sc kho v h nh l ca h nh khch nu thit hi xy ra ho n to n do li ca h nh khch, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 3. Trong trng hp h nh khch vi phm iu kin vn chuyn tho thun, cc quy nh ca iu l vn chuyn m gy thit hi cho bn vn chuyn hoc ngi th ba th phi bi thng. iu 534. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng vn chuyn h nh khch 1. Bn vn chuyn c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng trong cc trng hp quy nh ti khon 2 iu 530 ca B lut n y. 2. H nh khch c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng trong trng hp bn vn chuyn vi phm ngha v quy nh ti cc khon 1, 3 v 4 iu 529 ca B lut n y.
II- HP NG VN CHUYN TI SN

iu 535. Hp ng vn chuyn t i sn Hp ng vn chuyn t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn vn chuyn c ngha v chuyn t i sn n a im nh theo tho thun v giao t i sn cho ngi c quyn nhn, cn bn thu vn chuyn c ngha v tr cc ph vn chuyn. iu 536. Hnh thc hp ng vn chuyn t i sn 1. Hp ng vn chuyn t i sn c giao kt bng li ni hoc bng vn bn.

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2. Vn n hoc chng t vn chuyn tng ng khc l bng chng ca vic giao kt hp ng gia cc bn. iu 537. Giao t i sn cho bn vn chuyn 1. Bn thu vn chuyn c ngha v giao t i sn cho bn vn chuyn ng thi hn, a im v ng gi theo ng quy cch tho thun; phi chu chi ph xp, d t i sn ln phng tin vn chuyn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Trong trng hp bn thu vn chuyn giao t i sn khng ng thi hn, a im tho thun th phi thanh ton chi ph ch i v tin vn chuyn t i sn n a im tho thun trong hp ng cho bn vn chuyn hoc phi np pht vi phm theo tho thun; nu bn vn chuyn chm nhn t i sn ti a im tha thun th phi chu chi ph pht sinh do vic chm tip nhn. iu 538. Cc ph vn chuyn 1. Mc cc ph vn chuyn do cc bn tho thun; nu php lut c quy nh v mc cc ph vn chuyn th p dng mc cc ph . 2. Bn thu vn chuyn phi thanh ton cc ph vn chuyn sau khi t i sn c chuyn ln phng tin vn chuyn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 539. Ngha v ca bn vn chuyn Bn vn chuyn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Bo m vn chuyn t i sn y , an to n n a im nh, theo ng thi hn; 2. Tr t i sn cho ngi c quyn nhn; 3. Chu chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn ch t i sn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc; 4. Mua bo him trch nhim dn s theo quy nh ca php lut; 5. Bi thng thit hi cho bn thu vn chuyn trong trng hp bn vn chuyn mt mt, h hng t i sn do li ca mnh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. iu 540. Quyn ca bn vn chuyn Bn vn chuyn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Kim tra s xc thc ca t i sn, ca vn n hoc chng t vn chuyn tng ng khc; 2. T chi vn chuyn t i sn khng ng vi loi t i sn tho thun trong hp ng; 3. Yu cu bn thu vn chuyn thanh ton cc ph vn chuyn ng thi hn; 4. T chi vn chuyn t i sn cm giao dch, t i sn c tnh cht nguy him, c hi, nu bn vn chuyn bit hoc phi bit; 5. Yu cu bn thu vn chuyn bi thng thit hi.

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iu 541. Ngha v ca bn thu vn chuyn Bn thu vn chuyn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Tr tin cc ph vn chuyn cho bn vn chuyn theo ng thi hn, phng thc tho thun; 2. Trng coi t i sn trn ng vn chuyn, nu c tho thun. Trong trng hp bn thu vn chuyn trng coi t i sn m t i sn b mt mt, h hng th khng c bi thng. iu 542. Quyn ca bn thu vn chuyn Bn thu vn chuyn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn vn chuyn chuyn ch t i sn n ng a im, thi im tho thun; 2. Trc tip hoc ch nh ngi th ba nhn li t i sn thu vn chuyn; 3. Yu cu bn vn chuyn bi thng thit hi. iu 543. Tr t i sn cho bn nhn t i sn 1. Bn nhn t i sn c th l bn thu vn chuyn t i sn hoc l ngi th ba c bn thu vn chuyn ch nh nhn t i sn. 2. Bn vn chuyn phi tr t i sn y , ng thi hn v a im cho bn nhn theo phng thc tho thun. 3. Trong trng hp t i sn c chuyn n a im tr t i sn ng thi hn nhng khng c bn nhn th bn vn chuyn c th gi s t i sn ti ni nhn gi gi v phi bo ngay cho bn thu vn chuyn hoc bn nhn t i sn. Bn thu vn chuyn hoc bn nhn t i sn phi chu chi ph hp l pht sinh t vic gi gi t i sn. Ngha v tr t i sn ho n th nh khi t i sn c gi gi p ng cc iu kin tho thun v bn thu vn chuyn hoc bn nhn t i sn c thng bo v vic gi gi. iu 544. Ngha v ca bn nhn t i sn Bn nhn t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Xut trnh cho bn vn chuyn vn n hoc chng t vn chuyn tng ng khc v nhn t i sn ng thi hn, a im tho thun; 2. Chu chi ph xp, d t i sn vn chuyn, nu khng c tho thun khc hoc php lut khng c quy nh khc; 3. Thanh ton chi ph hp l pht sinh do vic chm tip nhn t i sn; 4. Bo cho bn thu vn chuyn v vic nhn t i sn v cc thng tin cn thit khc theo yu cu ca bn ; nu khng thng bo th khng c quyn yu cu bn thu vn chuyn bo v quyn, li ch lin quan n t i sn vn chuyn ca mnh.

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iu 545. Quyn ca bn nhn t i sn Bn nhn t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Kim tra s lng, cht lng t i sn c vn chuyn n; 2. Nhn t i sn c vn chuyn n; 3. Yu cu bn vn chuyn thanh ton chi ph hp l pht sinh do phi ch nhn t i sn, nu bn vn chuyn chm giao; 4. Trc tip yu cu hoc bo bn thu vn chuyn yu cu bn vn chuyn bi thng thit hi do t i sn b mt mt, h hng. iu 546. Trch nhim bi thng thit hi 1. Bn vn chuyn phi bi thng thit hi cho bn thu vn chuyn, nu t i sn b mt mt hoc h hng, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 2 iu 541 ca B lut n y. 2. Bn thu vn chuyn phi bi thng thit hi cho bn vn chuyn v ngi th ba v thit hi do t i sn vn chuyn c tnh cht nguy him, c hi m khng c bin php ng gi, bo m an to n trong qu trnh vn chuyn. 3. Trong trng hp bt kh khng dn n t i sn vn chuyn b mt mt, h hng hoc b hu hoi trong qu trnh vn chuyn th bn vn chuyn khng phi chu trch nhim bi thng thit hi, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc.
Mc 9 HP NG GIA CNG

iu 547. Hp ng gia cng Hp ng gia cng l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn nhn gia cng thc hin cng vic to ra sn phm theo yu cu ca bn t gia cng, cn bn t gia cng nhn sn phm v tr tin cng. iu 548. i tng ca hp ng gia cng i tng ca hp ng gia cng l vt c xc nh trc theo mu, theo tiu chun m cc bn tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. iu 549. Ngha v ca bn t gia cng Bn t gia cng c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Cung cp nguyn vt liu theo ng s lng, cht lng, thi hn v a im cho bn nhn gia cng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc; cung cp cc giy t cn thit lin quan n vic gia cng; 2. Ch dn cho bn nhn gia cng thc hin hp ng; 3. Tr tin cng theo ng tho thun.

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iu 550. Quyn ca bn t gia cng Bn t gia cng c cc quyn sau y: 1. Nhn sn phm gia cng theo ng s lng, cht lng, phng thc, thi hn v a im tho thun; 2. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi khi bn nhn gia cng vi phm nghim trng hp ng; 3. Trong trng hp sn phm khng bo m cht lng m bn t gia cng ng nhn sn phm v yu cu sa cha nhng bn nhn gia cng khng th sa cha c trong thi hn tho thun th bn t gia cng c quyn hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. iu 551. Ngha v ca bn nhn gia cng Bn nhn gia cng c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Bo qun nguyn vt liu do bn t gia cng cung cp; 2. Bo cho bn t gia cng bit i nguyn vt liu khc, nu nguyn vt liu khng bo m cht lng; t chi thc hin gia cng, nu vic s dng nguyn vt liu c th to ra sn phm nguy hi cho x hi; trng hp khng bo hoc khng t chi th phi chu trch nhim v sn phm to ra; 3. Giao sn phm cho bn t gia cng ng s lng, cht lng, phng thc, thi hn v a im tho thun; 4. Gi b mt cc thng tin v quy trnh gia cng v sn phm to ra; 5. Chu trch nhim v cht lng sn phm, tr trng hp sn phm khng bo m cht lng do nguyn vt liu m bn t gia cng cung cp hoc do s ch dn khng hp l ca bn t gia cng. 6. Ho n tr nguyn vt liu cn li cho bn t gia cng sau khi ho n th nh hp ng. iu 552. Quyn ca bn nhn gia cng Bn nhn gia cng c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn t gia cng giao nguyn vt liu ng cht lng, s lng, thi hn v a im tho thun; 2. T chi s ch dn khng hp l ca bn t gia cng, nu thy ch dn c th l m gim cht lng sn phm, nhng phi bo ngay cho bn t gia cng; 3. Yu cu bn t gia cng tr tin cng theo ng thi hn v phng thc tho thun. iu 553. Trch nhim chu ri ro Cho n khi giao sn phm cho bn t gia cng, bn n o l ch s hu ca nguyn vt liu th phi chu ri ro i vi nguyn vt liu hoc sn phm c to ra t nguyn vt liu , tr trng hp c tho thun khc. Khi bn t gia cng chm nhn sn phm th phi chu ri ro trong thi gian

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chm nhn, k c trong trng hp sn phm c to ra t nguyn vt liu ca bn nhn gia cng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. Khi bn nhn gia cng chm giao sn phm m c ri ro i vi sn phm gia cng th phi bi thng thit hi xy ra cho bn t gia cng. iu 554. Giao, nhn sn phm gia cng Bn nhn gia cng phi giao sn phm v bn t gia cng phi nhn sn phm theo ng thi hn v ti a im tho thun. iu 555. Chm giao, chm nhn sn phm gia cng 1. Trong trng hp bn nhn gia cng chm giao sn phm th bn t gia cng c th gia hn; nu ht thi hn m bn nhn gia cng vn cha ho n th nh cng vic th bn t gia cng c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi. 2. Trong trng hp bn t gia cng chm nhn sn phm th bn nhn gia cng c th gi sn phm ti ni nhn gi gi v phi bo ngay cho bn t gia cng. Ngha v giao sn phm ho n th nh khi p ng c cc iu kin tho thun v bn t gia cng c thng bo. Bn t gia cng phi chu mi chi ph pht sinh t vic gi gi. iu 556. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng gia cng 1. Mi bn u c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng gia cng, nu vic tip tc thc hin hp ng khng mang li li ch cho mnh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc, nhng phi bo cho bn kia bit trc mt thi gian hp l; nu bn t gia cng n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng th phi tr tin cng tng ng vi cng vic l m; nu bn nhn gia cng n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng th khng c tr tin cng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Bn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng m gy thit hi cho bn kia th phi bi thng. iu 557. Tr tin cng 1. Bn t gia cng phi tr tin cng v o thi im nhn sn phm, nu khng c tho thun khc. 2. Trong trng hp khng c tho thun v mc tin cng th p dng mc tin cng trung bnh i vi vic to ra sn phm cng loi ti a im gia cng v v o thi im tr tin. 3. Bn t gia cng khng c quyn gim tin cng, nu sn phm khng bo m cht lng do nguyn vt liu m mnh cung cp hoc do s ch dn khng hp l ca mnh. iu 558. Thanh l nguyn vt liu Khi hp ng gia cng chm dt, bn nhn gia cng phi ho n tr nguyn vt liu cn li cho bn t gia cng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc.

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Mc 10 HP NG GI GI TI SN

iu 559. Hp ng gi gi t i sn Hp ng gi gi t i sn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn gi nhn t i sn ca bn gi bo qun v tr li chnh t i sn cho bn gi khi ht thi hn hp ng, cn bn gi phi tr tin cng cho bn gi, tr trng hp gi gi khng phi tr tin cng. iu 560. Ngha v ca bn gi t i sn Bn gi t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Khi giao t i sn phi bo ngay cho bn gi bit tnh trng t i sn v bin php bo qun thch hp i vi t i sn gi gi; nu khng bo m t i sn gi gi b tiu hu hoc h hng do khng c bo qun thch hp th bn gi phi t chu; nu gy thit hi th phi bi thng; 2. Phi tr tin cng, ng thi hn v ng phng thc tho thun. iu 561. Quyn ca bn gi t i sn Bn gi t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu ly li t i sn bt c lc n o, nu hp ng gi gi khng xc nh thi hn, nhng phi bo trc cho bn gi mt thi gian hp l; 2. Yu cu bi thng thit hi, nu bn gi l m mt mt, h hng t i sn gi gi, tr trng hp bt kh khng. iu 562. Ngha v ca bn gi t i sn Bn gi t i sn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Bo qun t i sn nh tho thun, tr li t i sn cho bn gi theo ng tnh trng nh khi nhn gi; 2. Ch c thay i cch bo qun t i sn, nu vic thay i l cn thit nhm bo qun tt hn t i sn nhng phi bo ngay cho bn gi bit v vic thay i; 3. Bo kp thi bng vn bn cho bn gi bit v nguy c h hng, tiu hu t i sn do tnh cht ca t i sn v yu cu bn gi cho bit cch gii quyt trong mt thi hn; nu ht thi hn m bn gi khng tr li th bn gi c quyn thc hin cc bin php cn thit bo qun v yu cu bn gi thanh ton chi ph; 4. Phi bi thng thit hi, nu l m mt mt, h hng t i sn gi gi, tr trng hp bt kh khng. iu 563. Quyn ca bn gi t i sn Bn gi t i sn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn gi tr tin cng theo tho thun;

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2. Yu cu bn gi tr chi ph hp l bo qun t i sn trong trng hp gi khng tr tin cng; 3. Yu cu bn gi nhn li t i sn bt c lc n o, nhng phi bo trc cho bn gi mt thi gian hp l trong trng hp gi gi khng xc nh thi hn; 4. Bn t i sn gi gi c nguy c b h hng hoc tiu hu nhm bo m li ch cho bn gi, bo vic cho bn gi v tr cho bn gi khon tin thu c do bn t i sn, sau khi tr chi ph hp l bn t i sn. iu 564. Tr li t i sn gi gi 1. Bn gi phi tr li chnh t i sn nhn v c hoa li nu c, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. a im tr t i sn gi gi l ni gi; nu bn gi yu cu tr t i sn a im khc th phi chu chi ph vn chuyn n ni , tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Bn gi phi tr li t i sn ng thi hn v ch c quyn yu cu bn gi ly li t i sn trc thi hn, nu c l do chnh ng. iu 565. Chm giao, chm nhn t i sn gi gi Trong trng hp bn gi chm giao t i sn th khng c yu cu bn gi tr tin cng v thanh ton cc chi ph v bo qun, k t thi im chm giao v phi chu ri ro i vi t i sn trong thi gian chm giao t i sn. Trong trng hp bn gi chm nhn t i sn th phi thanh ton cc chi ph v bo qun v tin cng cho bn nhn gi t i sn trong thi gian chm nhn. iu 566. Tr tin cng 1. Bn gi phi tr tin cng khi ly li t i sn gi gi, nu khng c tho thun khc. 2. Trong trng hp cc bn khng tho thun v mc tin cng th p dng mc tin cng trung bnh ti a im v thi im tr tin cng. 3. Khi bn gi ly li t i sn trc thi hn th vn phi tr tin cng v thanh ton chi ph cn thit pht sinh t vic bn gi phi tr li t i sn trc thi hn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 4. Khi bn gi yu cu bn gi ly li t i sn trc thi hn th bn gi khng c nhn tin cng v phi bi thng thit hi cho bn gi, tr trng hp c tho thun khc.
Mc 11 HP NG BO HIM

iu 567. Hp ng bo him Hp ng bo him l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn mua bo him phi ng ph bo him, cn bn bo him phi tr mt khon tin bo him cho bn c bo him khi xy ra s kin bo him.

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iu 568. Cc loi hp ng bo him Hp ng bo him bao gm hp ng bo him con ngi, hp ng bo him t i sn v hp ng bo him trch nhim dn s. iu 569. i tng bo him i tng bo him bao gm con ngi, t i sn, trch nhim dn s v cc i tng khc theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 570. Hnh thc hp ng bo him Hp ng bo him phi c lp th nh vn bn. Giy yu cu bo him c ch k ca bn mua bo him l b phn khng tch ri ca hp ng bo him. Giy chng nhn bo him hoc n bo him l bng chng ca vic giao kt hp ng bo him. iu 571. S kin bo him S kin bo him l s kin khch quan do cc bn tho thun hoc php lut quy nh m khi s kin xy ra th bn bo him phi tr tin bo him cho bn c bo him, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 2 iu 346 ca B lut n y. iu 572. Ph bo him 1. Ph bo him l khon tin m bn mua bo him phi ng cho bn bo him. Thi hn ng ph bo him theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. Ph bo him c th ng mt ln hoc theo nh k. 2. Trong trng hp bn mua bo him chm ng ph bo him theo nh k th bn bo him n nh mt thi hn bn mua bo him ng ph bo him; nu ht thi hn m bn mua bo him khng ng ph bo him th hp ng chm dt. iu 573. Ngha v thng tin ca bn mua bo him 1. Khi giao kt hp ng bo him, theo yu cu ca bn bo him, bn mua bo him phi cung cp cho bn bo him y thng tin c lin quan n i tng bo him, tr thng tin m bn bo him bit hoc phi bit. 2. Trong trng hp bn mua bo him c cung cp thng tin sai nhm giao kt hp ng hng tin bo him th bn bo him c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng v thu ph bo him n thi im cht dt hp ng. iu 574. Ngha v phng nga thit hi 1. Bn c bo him c ngha v tun th cc iu kin ghi trong hp ng, cc quy nh ca php lut c lin quan v thc hin cc bin php phng nga thit hi. 2. Trong trng hp bn c bo him c li khng thc hin cc bin php phng nga thit hi ghi trong hp ng th bn bo him c quyn n nh

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mt thi hn bn c bo him thc hin cc bin php ; nu ht thi hn m cc bin php phng nga vn khng c thc hin th bn bo him c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng hoc khng tr tin bo him khi thit hi xy ra do cc bin php phng nga khng c thc hin. iu 575. Ngha v ca bn mua bo him, bn c bo him v ca bn bo him khi xy ra s kin bo him 1. Khi xy ra s kin bo him, bn mua bo him hoc bn c bo him phi bo ngay cho bn bo him v phi thc hin mi bin php cn thit m kh nng cho php ngn chn, hn ch thit hi. 2. Bn bo him phi thanh ton chi ph cn thit v hp l m ngi th ba b ra ngn chn, hn ch thit hi. iu 576. Tr tin bo him 1. Bn bo him phi tr tin bo him cho bn c bo him trong thi hn tho thun; nu khng c tho thun v thi hn th bn bo him phi tr tin bo him trong thi hn mi lm ng y, k t ng y nhn c y h s hp l v yu cu tr tin bo him. 2. Trong trng hp bn bo him chm tr tin bo him th phi tr c l i i vi s tin chm tr theo l i sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc quy nh ti thi im tr tin bo him tng ng vi thi gian chm tr. 3. Trong trng hp bn c bo him c xy ra thit hi th bn bo him khng phi tr tin bo him; nu do li v ca ngi c bo him th bn bo him khng phi tr mt phn tin bo him tng ng vi mc li ca bn c bo him. iu 577. Chuyn yu cu ho n tr 1. Trong trng hp ngi th ba c li m gy thit hi cho bn c bo him v bn bo him tr tin bo him cho bn c bo him th bn bo him c quyn yu cu ngi th ba ho n tr khon tin m mnh tr. Bn c bo him c ngha v phi cung cp cho bn bo him mi tin tc, t i liu, bng chng cn thit m mnh bit bn bo him thc hin quyn yu cu i vi ngi th ba. 2. Trong trng hp bn c bo him nhn s tin bi thng thit hi do ngi th ba tr, nhng vn t hn s tin m bn bo him phi tr th bn bo him ch phi tr phn chnh lch gia s tin bo him v s tin m ngi th ba tr, tr trng hp c tho thun khc; nu bn c bo him nhn tin bo him nhng t hn so vi thit hi do ngi th ba gy ra th bn c bo him vn c quyn yu cu ngi th ba bi thng phn chnh lch gia s tin bo him v tin bi thng thit hi. Bn bo him c quyn yu cu ngi th ba ho n tr khon tin m mnh tr cho bn c bo him. iu 578. Bo him tnh mng Trong trng hp bo him tnh mng th khi xy ra s kin bo him, bn

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bo him phi tr tin bo him cho bn c bo him hoc ngi i din theo u quyn ca h; nu bn c bo him cht th tin bo him c tr cho ngi tha k ca bn c bo him. iu 579. Bo him t i sn 1. Bn bo him phi bi thng thit hi i vi t i sn c bo him theo cc iu kin tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. 2. Trong trng hp quyn s hu i vi t i sn bo him c chuyn cho ngi khc th ch s hu mi ng nhin thay th ch s hu c trong hp ng bo him, k t thi im chuyn quyn s hu t i sn. Ch s hu c l bn mua bo him phi bo cho ch s hu mi bit v vic t i sn c bo him, bo kp thi cho bn bo him v vic chuyn quyn s hu i vi t i sn. iu 580. Bo him trch nhim dn s 1. Trong trng hp bo him trch nhim dn s i vi ngi th ba theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut th bn bo him phi tr tin bo him cho bn mua bo him hoc cho ngi th ba theo yu cu ca bn mua bo him i vi thit hi m bn mua bo him gy ra cho ngi th ba theo mc bo him tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut. 2. Trong trng hp bn mua bo him bi thng thit hi cho ngi th ba th c quyn yu cu bn bo him phi ho n tr khon tin m mnh tr cho ngi th ba, nhng khng vt qu mc tr bo him m cc bn tho thun hoc php lut quy nh.
Mc 12 HP NG U QUYN

iu 581. Hp ng u quyn Hp ng u quyn l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn c u quyn c ngha v thc hin cng vic nhn danh bn u quyn, cn bn u quyn ch phi tr th lao, nu c tho thun hoc php lut c quy nh. iu 582. Thi hn u quyn Thi hn u quyn do cc bn tho thun hoc do php lut quy nh; nu khng c tho thun v php lut khng c quy nh th hp ng u quyn c hiu lc mt nm, k t ng y xc lp vic u quyn. iu 583. U quyn li Bn c u quyn ch c u quyn li cho ngi th ba, nu c bn u quyn ng hoc php lut c quy nh. Hnh thc hp ng u quyn li cng phi ph hp vi hnh thc hp ng u quyn ban u. Vic u quyn li khng c vt qu phm vi u quyn ban u.

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iu 584. Ngha v ca bn c u quyn Bn c u quyn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Thc hin cng vic theo u quyn v bo cho bn u quyn v vic thc hin cng vic ; 2. Bo cho ngi th ba trong quan h thc hin u quyn v thi hn, phm vi u quyn v vic sa i, b sung phm vi u quyn; 3. Bo qun, gi gn t i liu v phng tin c giao thc hin vic u quyn; 4. Gi b mt thng tin m mnh bit c trong khi thc hin vic u quyn; 5. Giao li cho bn u quyn t i sn nhn v nhng li ch thu c trong khi thc hin vic u quyn theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut; 6. Bi thng thit hi do vi phm ngha v quy nh ti cc khon 1, 2, 3, 4 v 5 iu n y. iu 585. Quyn ca bn c u quyn Bn c u quyn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn u quyn cung cp thng tin, t i liu v phng tin cn thit thc hin cng vic u quyn; 2. Hng th lao, c thanh ton chi ph hp l m mnh b ra thc hin cng vic u quyn. iu 586. Ngha v ca bn u quyn Bn u quyn c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Cung cp thng tin, t i liu v phng tin cn thit bn c u quyn thc hin cng vic; 2. Chu trch nhim v cam kt do bn c u quyn thc hin trong phm vi u quyn; 3. Thanh ton chi ph hp l m bn c u quyn b ra thc hin cng vic c u quyn v tr th lao cho bn c u quyn, nu c tho thun v vic tr th lao. iu 587. Quyn ca bn u quyn Bn u quyn c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn c u quyn thng bo y v vic thc hin cng vic u quyn; 2. Yu cu bn c u quyn giao li t i sn, li ch thu c t vic thc hin cng vic u quyn, nu khng c tho thun khc; 3. c bi thng thit hi, nu bn c u quyn vi phm ngha v quy nh ti iu 584 ca B lut n y.

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iu 588. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng u quyn 1. Trong trng hp u quyn c th lao, bn u quyn c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng bt c lc n o, nhng phi tr th lao cho bn c u quyn tng ng vi cng vic m bn c u quyn thc hin v bi thng thit hi; nu u quyn khng c th lao th bn u quyn c th chm dt thc hin hp ng bt c lc n o, nhng phi bo trc cho bn c u quyn mt thi gian hp l. Bn u quyn phi bo bng vn bn cho ngi th ba bit v vic bn u quyn chm dt thc hin hp ng; nu khng bo th hp ng vi ngi th ba vn c hiu lc, tr trng hp ngi th ba bit hoc phi bit v vic hp ng u quyn b chm dt. 2. Trong trng hp u quyn khng c th lao, bn c u quyn c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng bt c lc n o, nhng phi bo trc cho bn u quyn bit mt thi gian hp l; nu u quyn c th lao th bn c u quyn c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng bt c lc n o v phi bi thng thit hi cho bn u quyn. iu 589. Chm dt hp ng u quyn Hp ng u quyn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Hp ng u quyn ht hn; 2. Cng vic c u quyn ho n th nh; 3. Bn u quyn, bn c u quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng theo quy nh ti iu 588 ca B lut n y; 4. Bn u quyn hoc bn c u quyn cht, b To n tuyn b mt nng lc h nh vi dn s, b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s, mt tch hoc l cht.
Mc 13 HA THNG V THI C GII

iu 590. Ha thng 1. Ngi cng khai ha thng phi tr thng cho ngi thc hin cng vic theo yu cu ca ngi ha thng. 2. Cng vic c ha thng phi c th, c th thc hin c, khng b php lut cm, khng tri o c x hi. iu 591. Rt li tuyn b ha thng Khi cha n hn bt u thc hin cng vic th ngi ha thng c quyn rt li tuyn b ha thng ca mnh. Vic rt li tuyn b ha thng phi c thc hin theo cch thc v trn phng tin m vic ha thng c cng b. iu 592. Tr thng 1. Trong trng hp mt cng vic c ha thng do mt ngi thc hin th khi cng vic ho n th nh, ngi thc hin cng vic c nhn thng.

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2. Khi mt cng vic c ha thng do nhiu ngi cng thc hin nhng mi ngi thc hin c lp vi nhau th ngi ho n th nh u tin c nhn thng. 3. Trong trng hp nhiu ngi cng ho n th nh cng vic c ha thng v o cng mt thi im th phn thng c chia u cho nhng ngi . 4. Trong trng hp nhiu ngi cng cng tc thc hin cng vic c ha thng do ngi ha thng yu cu th mi ngi c nhn mt phn ca phn thng, tng ng vi phn ng gp ca mnh. iu 593. Thi c gii 1. Ngi t chc cc cuc thi vn ho, ngh thut, th thao, khoa hc, k thut v cc cuc thi khc khng tri php lut, o c x hi phi cng b iu kin d thi, thang im, cc gii thng v mc thng ca mi gii. 2. Vic thay i iu kin d thi phi c thc hin theo cch thc cng b trong mt thi gian hp l trc khi din ra cuc thi. 3. Ngi ot gii c quyn yu cu ngi t chc thi trao gii thng ng mc cng b. Chng XIX
THC HIN CNG VIC KHNG C U QUYN

iu 594. Thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn Thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn l vic mt ngi khng c ngha v thc hin cng vic nhng t nguyn thc hin cng vic , ho n to n v li ch ca ngi c cng vic c thc hin khi ngi n y khng bit hoc bit m khng phn i. iu 595. Ngha v thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn 1. Ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn c ngha v thc hin cng vic ph hp vi kh nng, iu kin ca mnh. 2. Ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn phi thc hin cng vic nh cng vic ca chnh mnh; nu bit hoc on bit c nh ca ngi c cng vic th phi thc hin cng vic ph hp vi nh . 3. Ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn phi bo cho ngi c cng vic c thc hin v qu trnh, kt qu thc hin cng vic nu c yu cu, tr trng hp ngi c cng vic bit hoc ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn khng bit ni c tr ca ngi . 4. Trong trng hp ngi c cng vic c thc hin cht th ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn phi tip tc thc hin cng vic cho n khi ngi tha k hoc ngi i din ca ngi c cng vic c thc hin tip nhn. 5. Trong trng hp c l do chnh ng m ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn khng th tip tc m nhn cng vic th phi bo cho ngi c cng vic c thc hin, ngi i din hoc ngi thn thch ca ngi n y

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hoc c th nh ngi khc thay mnh m nhn vic thc hin cng vic. iu 596. Ngha v thanh ton ca ngi c cng vic c thc hin 1. Ngi c cng vic c thc hin phi tip nhn cng vic khi ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn b n giao cng vic v thanh ton cc chi ph hp l m ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn b ra thc hin cng vic, k c trong trng hp cng vic khng t c kt qu theo mun ca mnh. 2. Ngi c cng vic c thc hin phi tr cho ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn mt khon th lao khi ngi n y thc hin cng vic chu o, c li cho mnh, tr trng hp ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn t chi. iu 597. Ngha v bi thng thit hi 1. Khi ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn c gy thit hi trong khi thc hin cng vic th phi bi thng thit hi cho ngi c cng vic c thc hin. 2. Nu ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn do v m gy thit hi trong khi thc hin cng vic th cn c v o ho n cnh m nhn cng vic, ngi c th c gim mc bi thng. iu 598. Chm dt thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn Vic thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: 1. Theo yu cu ca ngi c cng vic c thc hin; 2. Ngi c cng vic c thc hin, ngi tha k hoc ngi i din ca ngi c cng vic c thc hin tip nhn cng vic; 3. Ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn khng th tip tc thc hin cng vic theo quy nh ti khon 5 iu 595 ca B lut n y; 4. Ngi thc hin cng vic khng c u quyn cht. Chng XX
NGHA V HON TR DO CHIM HU, S DNG TI SN, C LI V TI SN KHNG C CN C PHP LUT

iu 599. Ngha v ho n tr 1. Ngi chim hu, ngi s dng t i sn ca ngi khc m khng c cn c php lut th phi ho n tr cho ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php t i sn ; nu khng tm c ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php t i sn th phi giao cho c quan nh nc c thm quyn, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y. 2. Ngi c li v t i sn m khng c cn c php lut l m cho ngi khc b thit hi th phi ho n tr khon li cho ngi b thit hi, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y.

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iu 600. T i sn ho n tr 1. Ngi chim hu, ngi s dng t i sn m khng c cn c php lut phi ho n tr to n b t i sn thu c. 2. Trong trng hp t i sn ho n tr l vt c nh th phi ho n tr ng vt ; nu vt c nh b mt hoc h hng th phi n b bng tin, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 3. Trong trng hp t i sn ho n tr l vt cng loi, nhng b mt hoc h hng th phi tr vt cng loi hoc n b bng tin, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 4. Ngi c li v t i sn m khng c cn c php lut phi ho n tr cho ngi b thit khon li v t i sn bng hin vt hoc bng tin. iu 601. Ngha v ho n tr hoa li, li tc 1. Ngi chim hu, ngi s dng t i sn, ngi c li v t i sn m khng c cn c php lut v khng ngay tnh th phi ho n tr hoa li, li tc thu c t thi im chim hu, s dng t i sn, c li v t i sn khng c cn c php lut. 2. Ngi chim hu, ngi s dng t i sn, ngi c li v t i sn m khng c cn c php lut nhng ngay tnh th phi ho n tr hoa li, li tc thu c t thi im ngi bit hoc phi bit vic chim hu, s dng t i sn, c li v t i sn khng c cn c php lut, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 iu 247 ca B lut n y. iu 602. Quyn yu cu ngi th ba ho n tr Trong trng hp ngi chim hu, ngi s dng t i sn m khng c cn c php lut giao t i sn cho ngi th ba th khi b ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php t i sn yu cu ho n tr, ngi th ba c ngha v ho n tr t i sn , tr trng hp B lut n y c quy nh khc; nu t i sn c tr bng tin hoc c n b th ngi th ba c quyn yu cu ngi giao t i sn cho mnh bi thng thit hi. iu 603. Ngha v thanh ton Ch s hu, ngi chim hu hp php, ngi b thit hi c ho n tr t i sn th phi thanh ton nhng chi ph cn thit m ngi chim hu, ngi s dng t i sn, ngi c li v t i sn m khng c cn c php lut nhng ngay tnh b ra bo qun, l m tng gi tr ca t i sn. Chng XXI
TRCH NHIM BI THNG THIT HI NGOI HP NG Mc 1 NHNG QUY NH CHUNG

iu 604. Cn c pht sinh trch nhim bi thng thit hi 1. Ngi n o do li c hoc li v xm phm tnh mng, sc kho, danh

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d, nhn phm, uy tn, t i sn, quyn, li ch hp php khc ca c nhn, xm phm danh d, uy tn, t i sn ca php nhn hoc ch th khc m gy thit hi th phi bi thng. 2. Trong trng hp php lut quy nh ngi gy thit hi phi bi thng c trong trng hp khng c li th p dng quy nh . iu 605. Nguyn tc bi thng thit hi 1. Thit hi phi c bi thng to n b v kp thi. Cc bn c th tho thun v mc bi thng, hnh thc bi thng bng tin, bng hin vt hoc thc hin mt cng vic, phng thc bi thng mt ln hoc nhiu ln, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 2. Ngi gy thit hi c th c gim mc bi thng, nu do li v m gy thit hi qu ln so vi kh nng kinh t trc mt v lu d i ca mnh. 3. Khi mc bi thng khng cn ph hp vi thc t th ngi b thit hi hoc ngi gy thit hi c quyn yu cu To n hoc c quan nh nc c thm quyn khc thay i mc bi thng. iu 606. Nng lc chu trch nhim bi thng thit hi ca c nhn 1. Ngi t mi tm tui tr ln gy thit hi th phi t bi thng. 2. Ngi cha th nh nin di mi lm tui gy thit hi m cn cha, m th cha, m phi bi thng to n b thit hi; nu t i sn ca cha, m khng bi thng m con cha th nh nin gy thit hi c t i sn ring th ly t i sn bi thng phn cn thiu, tr trng hp quy nh ti iu 621 ca B lut n y. Ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui gy thit hi th phi bi thng bng t i sn ca mnh; nu khng t i sn bi thng th cha, m phi bi thng phn cn thiu bng t i sn ca mnh. 3. Ngi cha th nh nin, ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s gy thit hi m c ngi gim h th ngi gim h c dng t i sn ca ngi c gim h bi thng; nu ngi c gim h khng c t i sn hoc khng t i sn bi thng th ngi gim h phi bi thng bng t i sn ca mnh; nu ngi gim h chng minh c mnh khng c li trong vic gim h th khng phi ly t i sn ca mnh bi thng. iu 607. Thi hiu khi kin yu cu bi thng thit hi Thi hiu khi kin yu cu bi thng thit hi l hai nm, k t ng y quyn v li ch hp php ca c nhn, php nhn, ch th khc b xm phm.
Mc 2 XC NH THIT HI

iu 608. Thit hi do t i sn b xm phm Trong trng hp t i sn b xm phm th thit hi c bi thng bao gm: 1. T i sn b mt;

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2. T i sn b hu hoi hoc b h hng; 3. Li ch gn lin vi vic s dng, khai thc t i sn; 4. Chi ph hp l ngn chn, hn ch v khc phc thit hi. iu 609. Thit hi do sc kho b xm phm 1. Thit hi do sc kho b xm phm bao gm: a) Chi ph hp l cho vic cu cha, bi dng, phc hi sc kho v chc nng b mt, b gim st ca ngi b thit hi; b) Thu nhp thc t b mt hoc b gim st ca ngi b thit hi; nu thu nhp thc t ca ngi b thit hi khng n nh v khng th xc nh c th p dng mc thu nhp trung bnh ca lao ng cng loi; c) Chi ph hp l v phn thu nhp thc t b mt ca ngi chm sc ngi b thit hi trong thi gian iu tr; nu ngi b thit hi mt kh nng lao ng v cn c ngi thng xuyn chm sc th thit hi bao gm c chi ph hp l cho vic chm sc ngi b thit hi. 2. Ngi xm phm sc kho ca ngi khc phi bi thng thit hi theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y v mt khon tin khc b p tn tht v tinh thn m ngi gnh chu. Mc bi thng b p tn tht v tinh thn do cc bn tho thun; nu khng tho thun c th mc ti a khng qu ba mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh. iu 610. Thit hi do tnh mng b xm phm 1. Thit hi do tnh mng b xm phm bao gm: a) Chi ph hp l cho vic cu cha, bi dng, chm sc ngi b thit hi trc khi cht; b) Chi ph hp l cho vic mai tng; c) Tin cp dng cho nhng ngi m ngi b thit hi c ngha v cp dng. 2. Ngi xm phm tnh mng ca ngi khc phi bi thng thit hi theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y v mt khon tin khc b p tn tht v tinh thn cho nhng ngi thn thch thuc h ng tha k th nht ca ngi b thit hi, nu khng c nhng ngi n y th ngi m ngi b thit hi trc tip nui dng, ngi trc tip nui dng ngi b thit hi c hng khon tin n y. Mc bi thng b p tn tht v tinh thn do cc bn tho thun; nu khng tho thun c th mc ti a khng qu su mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh. iu 611. Thit hi do danh d, nhn phm, uy tn b xm phm 1. Thit hi do danh d, nhn phm, uy tn ca c nhn b xm phm, thit hi do danh d, uy tn ca php nhn, ch th khc b xm phm bao gm: a) Chi ph hp l hn ch, khc phc thit hi; b) Thu nhp thc t b mt hoc b gim st.

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2. Ngi xm phm danh d, nhn phm, uy tn ca ngi khc phi bi thng thit hi theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y v mt khon tin khc b p tn tht v tinh thn m ngi gnh chu. Mc bi thng b p tn tht v tinh thn do cc bn tho thun; nu khng tho thun c th mc ti a khng qu mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh. iu 612. Thi hn hng bi thng thit hi do tnh mng, sc kho b xm phm 1. Trong trng hp ngi b thit hi mt ho n to n kh nng lao ng th ngi b thit hi c hng bi thng cho n khi cht. 2. Trong trng hp ngi b thit hi cht th nhng ngi m ngi n y c ngha v cp dng khi cn sng c hng tin cp dng trong thi hn sau y: a) Ngi cha th nh nin hoc ngi th nh thai l con ca ngi cht v cn sng sau khi sinh ra c hng tin cp dng cho n khi mi tm tui, tr trng hp ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui tham gia lao ng v c thu nhp nui sng bn thn; b) Ngi th nh nin nhng khng c kh nng lao ng c hng tin cp dng cho n khi cht.
Mc 3 BI THNG THIT HI TRONG MT S TRNG HP C TH

iu 613. Bi thng thit hi trong trng hp vt qu gii hn phng v chnh ng 1. Ngi gy thit hi trong trng hp phng v chnh ng khng phi bi thng cho ngi b thit hi. 2. Ngi gy thit hi do vt qu gii hn phng v chnh ng phi bi thng cho ngi b thit hi. iu 614. Bi thng thit hi trong trng hp vt qu yu cu ca tnh th cp thit 1. Ngi gy thit hi trong tnh th cp thit khng phi bi thng cho ngi b thit hi. 2. Trong trng hp thit hi xy ra do vt qu yu cu ca tnh th cp thit th ngi gy thit hi phi bi thng phn thit hi xy ra do vt qu yu cu ca tnh th cp thit cho ngi b thit hi. 3. Ngi gy ra tnh th cp thit dn n thit hi xy ra th phi bi thng cho ngi b thit hi. iu 615. Bi thng thit hi do ngi dng cht kch thch gy ra 1. Ngi do ung ru hoc do dng cht kch thch khc m lm v o tnh trng mt kh nng nhn thc v l m ch c h nh vi ca mnh, gy thit hi cho ngi khc th phi bi thng.

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2. Khi mt ngi c dng ru hoc cht kch thch khc l m cho ngi khc lm v o tnh trng mt kh nng nhn thc v l m ch c h nh vi ca h m gy thit hi th phi bi thng cho ngi b thit hi. iu 616. Bi thng thit hi do nhiu ngi cng gy ra Trong trng hp nhiu ngi cng gy thit hi th nhng ngi phi lin i bi thng cho ngi b thit hi. Trch nhim bi thng ca tng ngi cng gy thit hi c xc nh tng ng vi mc li ca mi ngi; nu khng xc nh c mc li th h phi bi thng thit hi theo phn bng nhau. iu 617. Bi thng thit hi trong trng hp ngi b thit hi c li Khi ngi b thit hi cng c li trong vic gy thit hi th ngi gy thit hi ch phi bi thng phn thit hi tng ng vi mc li ca mnh; nu thit hi xy ra ho n to n do li ca ngi b thit hi th ngi gy thit hi khng phi bi thng. iu 618. Bi thng thit hi do ngi ca php nhn gy ra Php nhn phi bi thng thit hi do ngi ca mnh gy ra trong khi thc hin nhim v c php nhn giao; nu php nhn bi thng thit hi th c quyn yu cu ngi c li trong vic gy thit hi phi ho n tr mt khon tin theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 619. Bi thng thit hi do cn b, cng chc gy ra C quan, t chc qun l cn b, cng chc phi bi thng thit hi do cn b, cng chc ca mnh gy ra trong khi thi h nh cng v. C quan, t chc qun l cn b, cng chc c trch nhim yu cu cn b, cng chc phi ho n tr mt khon tin theo quy nh ca php lut, nu cn b, cng chc c li trong khi thi h nh cng v. iu 620. Bi thng thit hi do ngi c thm quyn ca c quan tin h nh t tng gy ra C quan tin h nh t tng phi bi thng thit hi do ngi c thm quyn ca mnh gy ra khi thc hin nhim v trong qu trnh tin h nh t tng. C quan tin h nh t tng c trch nhim yu cu ngi c thm quyn gy thit hi phi ho n tr mt khon tin theo quy nh ca php lut, nu ngi c thm quyn c li trong khi thi h nh nhim v. iu 621. Bi thng thit hi do ngi di mi lm tui, ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s gy ra trong thi gian trng hc, bnh vin, t chc khc trc tip qun l 1. Ngi di mi lm tui trong thi gian hc ti trng m gy thit hi th trng hc phi bi thng thit hi xy ra. 2. Ngi mt nng lc h nh vi dn s gy thit hi cho ngi khc trong thi gian bnh vin, t chc khc trc tip qun l th bnh vin, t chc khc phi bi

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thng thit hi xy ra. 3. Trong cc trng hp quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu n y, nu trng hc, bnh vin, t chc khc chng minh c mnh khng c li trong qun l th cha, m, ngi gim h ca ngi di mi lm tui, ngi mt nng lc hnh vi dn s phi bi thng. iu 622. Bi thng thit hi do ngi l m cng, ngi hc ngh gy ra C nhn, php nhn v cc ch th khc phi bi thng thit hi do ngi l m cng, ngi hc ngh gy ra trong khi thc hin cng vic c giao v c quyn yu cu ngi l m cng, ngi hc ngh c li trong vic gy thit hi phi ho n tr mt khon tin theo quy nh ca php lut. iu 623. Bi thng thit hi do ngun nguy him cao gy ra 1. Ngun nguy him cao bao gm phng tin giao thng vn ti c gii, h thng ti in, nh my cng nghip ang hot ng, v kh, cht n, cht chy, cht c, cht phng x, th d v cc ngun nguy him cao khc do php lut quy nh. Ch s hu ngun nguy him cao phi tun th cc quy nh bo qun, trng gi, vn chuyn, s dng ngun nguy him cao theo ng cc quy nh ca php lut. 2. Ch s hu ngun nguy him cao phi bi thng thit hi do ngun nguy him cao gy ra; nu ch s hu giao cho ngi khc chim hu, s dng th nhng ngi n y phi bi thng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 3. Ch s hu, ngi c ch s hu giao chim hu, s dng ngun nguy him cao phi bi thng thit hi c khi khng c li, tr cc trng hp sau y: a) Thit hi xy ra ho n to n do li c ca ngi b thit hi; b) Thit hi xy ra trong trng hp bt kh khng hoc tnh th cp thit, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc. 4. Trong trng hp ngun nguy him cao b chim hu, s dng tri php lut th ngi ang chim hu, s dng ngun nguy him cao tri php lut phi bi thng thit hi. Khi ch s hu, ngi c ch s hu giao chim hu, s dng ngun nguy him cao cng c li trong vic ngun nguy him cao b chim hu, s dng tri php lut th phi lin i bi thng thit hi. iu 624. Bi thng thit hi do l m nhim mi trng C nhn, php nhn v cc ch th khc l m nhim mi trng gy thit hi th phi bi thng theo quy nh ca php lut, k c trng hp ngi gy nhim mi trng khng c li. iu 625. Bi thng thit hi do sc vt gy ra 1. Ch s hu sc vt phi bi thng thit hi do sc vt gy ra cho ngi khc; nu ngi b thit hi ho n to n c li trong vic l m sc vt gy thit hi

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cho mnh th ch s hu khng phi bi thng. 2. Trong trng hp ngi th ba ho n to n c li l m cho sc vt gy thit hi cho ngi khc th ngi th ba phi bi thng thit hi; nu ngi th ba v ch s hu cng c li th phi lin i bi thng thit hi. 3. Trong trng hp sc vt b chim hu, s dng tri php lut gy thit hi th ngi chim hu, s dng tri php lut phi bi thng; 4. Trong trng hp sc vt th rng theo tp qun m gy thit hi th ch s hu sc vt phi bi thng theo tp qun nhng khng c tri php lut, o c x hi. iu 626. Bi thng thit hi do cy ci gy ra Ch s hu phi bi thng thit hi do cy ci , gy gy ra, tr trng hp thit hi xy ra ho n to n do li ca ngi b thit hi hoc do s kin bt kh khng. iu 627. Bi thng thit hi do nh ca, cng trnh xy dng khc gy ra Ch s hu, ngi c ch s hu giao qun l, s dng nh ca, cng trnh xy dng khc phi bi thng thit hi, nu nh ca, cng trnh xy dng khc b sp , h hng, st l gy thit hi cho ngi khc, tr trng hp thit hi xy ra ho n to n do li ca ngi b thit hi hoc do s kin bt kh khng. iu 628. Bi thng thit hi do xm phm thi th 1. C nhn, php nhn, ch th khc xm phm thi th phi bi thng thit hi. 2. Thit hi do xm phm thi th gm chi ph hp l hn ch, khc phc thit hi. 3. Ngi xm phm thi th phi bi thng mt khon tin theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y v mt khon tin khc b p tn tht v tinh thn cho nhng ngi thn thch thuc h ng tha k th nht ca ngi cht, nu khng c nhng ngi n y th ngi trc tip nui dng ngi cht c hng khon tin n y. Mc bi thng b p tn tht v tinh thn do cc bn tho thun; nu khng tho thun c th mc ti a khng qu ba mi thng lng ti thiu do Nh nc quy nh. iu 629. Bi thng thit hi do xm phm m m C nhn, php nhn, ch th khc gy thit hi n m m ca ngi khc phi bi thng thit hi. Thit hi do xm phm m m gm chi ph hp l hn ch, khc phc thit hi. iu 630. Bi thng thit hi do vi phm quyn li ca ngi tiu dng C nhn, php nhn, ch th khc sn xut, kinh doanh khng bo m cht lng h ng ho m gy thit hi cho ngi tiu dng th phi bi thng.

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PHN TH T THA K

Chng XXII
NHNG QUY NH CHUNG

iu 631. Quyn tha k ca c nhn C nhn c quyn lp di chc nh ot t i sn ca mnh; li t i sn ca mnh cho ngi tha k theo php lut; hng di sn theo di chc hoc theo php lut. iu 632. Quyn bnh ng v tha k ca c nhn Mi c nhn u bnh ng v quyn li t i sn ca mnh cho ngi khc v quyn hng di sn theo di chc hoc theo php lut. iu 633. Thi im, a im m tha k 1. Thi im m tha k l thi im ngi c t i sn cht. Trong trng hp To n tuyn b mt ngi l cht th thi im m tha k l ng y c xc nh ti khon 2 iu 81 ca B lut n y. 2. a im m tha k l ni c tr cui cng ca ngi li di sn; nu khng xc nh c ni c tr cui cng th a im m tha k l ni c to n b hoc phn ln di sn. iu 634. Di sn Di sn bao gm t i sn ring ca ngi cht, phn t i sn ca ngi cht trong t i sn chung vi ngi khc. iu 635. Ngi tha k Ngi tha k l c nhn phi l ngi cn sng v o thi im m tha k hoc sinh ra v cn sng sau thi im m tha k nhng th nh thai trc khi ngi li di sn cht. Trong trng hp ngi tha k theo di chc l c quan, t chc th phi l c quan, t chc tn ti v o thi im m tha k. iu 636. Thi im pht sinh quyn v ngha v ca ngi tha k K t thi im m tha k, nhng ngi tha k c cc quyn, ngha v t i sn do ngi cht li. iu 637. Thc hin ngha v t i sn do ngi cht li 1. Nhng ngi hng tha k c trch nhim thc hin ngha v t i sn trong phm vi di sn do ngi cht li, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Trong trng hp di sn cha c chia th ngha v t i sn do ngi cht li c ngi qun l di sn thc hin theo tho thun ca nhng ngi tha k. 3. Trong trng hp di sn c chia th mi ngi tha k thc hin ngha v t i sn do ngi cht li tng ng nhng khng vt qu phn t i sn

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m mnh nhn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 4. Trong trng hp Nh nc, c quan, t chc hng di sn theo di chc th cng phi thc hin ngha v t i sn do ngi cht li nh ngi tha k l c nhn. iu 638. Ngi qun l di sn 1. Ngi qun l di sn l ngi c ch nh trong di chc hoc do nhng ngi tha k tho thun c ra. 2. Trong trng hp di chc khng ch nh ngi qun l di sn v nhng ngi tha k cha c c ngi qun l di sn th ngi ang chim hu, s dng, qun l di sn tip tc qun l di sn cho n khi nhng ngi tha k c c ngi qun l di sn. 3. Trong trng hp cha xc nh c ngi tha k v di sn cha c ngi qun l th di sn do c quan nh nc c thm quyn qun l. iu 639. Ngha v ca ngi qun l di sn 1. Ngi qun l di sn quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 3 iu 638 ca B lut n y c cc ngha v sau y: a) Lp danh mc di sn; thu hi t i sn thuc di sn ca ngi cht m ngi khc ang chim hu, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc; b) Bo qun di sn; khng c bn, trao i, tng cho, cm c, th chp v nh ot t i sn bng cc hnh thc khc, nu khng c nhng ngi tha k ng bng vn bn; c) Thng bo v di sn cho nhng ngi tha k; d) Bi thng thit hi, nu vi phm ngha v ca mnh m gy thit hi; ) Giao li di sn theo yu cu ca ngi tha k. 2. Ngi ang chim hu, s dng, qun l di sn quy nh ti khon 2 iu 638 ca B lut n y c cc ngha v sau y: a) Bo qun di sn; khng c bn, trao i, tng cho, cm c, th chp v nh ot t i sn bng cc hnh thc khc; b) Thng bo v di sn cho nhng ngi tha k; c) Bi thng thit hi, nu vi phm ngha v ca mnh m gy thit hi; d) Giao li di sn theo tho thun trong hp ng vi ngi li di sn hoc theo yu cu ca ngi tha k. iu 640. Quyn ca ngi qun l di sn 1. Ngi qun l di sn quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 3 iu 638 ca B lut n y c cc quyn sau y: a) i din cho nhng ngi tha k trong quan h vi ngi th ba lin quan n di sn tha k; b) c hng th lao theo tho thun vi nhng ngi tha k.

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2. Ngi ang chim hu, s dng, qun l di sn quy nh ti khon 2 iu 638 ca B lut n y c cc quyn sau y: a) c tip tc s dng di sn theo tho thun trong hp ng vi ngi li di sn hoc c s ng ca nhng ngi tha k; b) c hng th lao theo tho thun vi nhng ngi tha k. iu 641. Vic tha k ca nhng ngi c quyn tha k di sn ca nhau m cht cng thi im Trong trng hp nhng ngi c quyn tha k di sn ca nhau u cht cng thi im hoc c coi l cht cng thi im do khng th xc nh c ngi n o cht trc (sau y gi l cht cng thi im) th h khng c tha k di sn ca nhau v di sn ca mi ngi do ngi tha k ca ngi hng, tr trng hp tha k th v theo quy nh ti iu 677 ca B lut n y. iu 642. T chi nhn di sn 1. Ngi tha k c quyn t chi nhn di sn, tr trng hp vic t chi nhm trn trnh vic thc hin ngha v t i sn ca mnh i vi ngi khc. 2. Vic t chi nhn di sn phi c lp th nh vn bn; ngi t chi phi bo cho nhng ngi tha k khc, ngi c giao nhim v phn chia di sn, c quan cng chng hoc U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn ni c a im m tha k v vic t chi nhn di sn. 3. Thi hn t chi nhn di sn l su thng, k t ng y m tha k. Sau su thng k t ng y m tha k nu khng c t chi nhn di sn th c coi l ng nhn tha k. iu 643. Ngi khng c quyn hng di sn 1. Nhng ngi sau y khng c quyn hng di sn: a) Ngi b kt n v h nh vi c xm phm tnh mng, sc kho hoc v h nh vi ngc i nghim trng, h nh h ngi li di sn, xm phm nghim trng danh d, nhn phm ca ngi ; b) Ngi vi phm nghim trng ngha v nui dng ngi li di sn; c) Ngi b kt n v h nh vi c xm phm tnh mng ngi tha k khc nhm hng mt phn hoc to n b phn di sn m ngi tha k c quyn hng; d) Ngi c h nh vi la di, cng p hoc ngn cn ngi li di sn trong vic lp di chc; gi mo di chc, sa cha di chc, hu di chc nhm hng mt phn hoc to n b di sn tri vi ch ca ngi li di sn. 2. Nhng ngi quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y vn c hng di sn, nu ngi li di sn bit h nh vi ca nhng ngi , nhng vn cho h hng di sn theo di chc. iu 644. T i sn khng c ngi nhn tha k thuc Nh nc Trong trng hp khng c ngi tha k theo di chc, theo php lut hoc

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c nhng khng c quyn hng di sn, t chi nhn di sn th t i sn cn li sau khi thc hin ngha v v t i sn m khng c ngi nhn tha k thuc Nh nc. iu 645. Thi hiu khi kin v tha k Thi hiu khi kin ngi tha k yu cu chia di sn, xc nhn quyn tha k ca mnh hoc bc b quyn tha k ca ngi khc l mi nm, k t thi im m tha k. Thi hiu khi kin yu cu ngi tha k thc hin ngha v v t i sn ca ngi cht li l ba nm, k t thi im m tha k. Chng XXIII
THA K THEO DI CHC

iu 646. Di chc Di chc l s th hin ch ca c nhn nhm chuyn t i sn ca mnh cho ngi khc sau khi cht. iu 647. Ngi lp di chc 1. Ngi th nh nin c quyn lp di chc, tr trng hp ngi b bnh tm thn hoc mc bnh khc m khng th nhn thc v l m ch c h nh vi ca mnh. 2. Ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui c th lp di chc, nu c cha, m hoc ngi gim h ng . iu 648. Quyn ca ngi lp di chc Ngi lp di chc c cc quyn sau y: 1. Ch nh ngi tha k; trut quyn hng di sn ca ngi tha k; 2. Phn nh phn di sn cho tng ngi tha k; 3. D nh mt phn t i sn trong khi di sn di tng, th cng; 4. Giao ngha v cho ngi tha k; 5. Ch nh ngi gi di chc, ngi qun l di sn, ngi phn chia di sn. iu 649. Hnh thc ca di chc Di chc phi c lp th nh vn bn; nu khng th lp c di chc bng vn bn th c th di chc ming. Ngi thuc dn tc thiu s c quyn lp di chc bng ch vit hoc ting ni ca dn tc mnh. iu 650. Di chc bng vn bn Di chc bng vn bn bao gm: 1. Di chc bng vn bn khng c ngi l m chng; 2. Di chc bng vn bn c ngi l m chng;

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3. Di chc bng vn bn c cng chng; 4. Di chc bng vn bn c chng thc. iu 651. Di chc ming 1. Trong trng hp tnh mng mt ngi b ci cht e da do bnh tt hoc cc nguyn nhn khc m khng th lp di chc bng vn bn th c th di chc ming. 2. Sau ba thng, k t thi im di chc ming m ngi di chc cn sng, minh mn, sng sut th di chc ming mc nhin b hu b. iu 652. Di chc hp php 1. Di chc c coi l hp php phi c cc iu kin sau y: a) Ngi lp di chc minh mn, sng sut trong khi lp di chc; khng b la di, e do hoc cng p; b) Ni dung di chc khng tri php lut, o c x hi; hnh thc di chc khng tri quy nh ca php lut. 2. Di chc ca ngi t mi lm tui n cha mi tm tui phi c lp th nh vn bn v phi c cha, m hoc ngi gim h ng . 3. Di chc ca ngi b hn ch v th cht hoc ca ngi khng bit ch phi c ngi l m chng lp th nh vn bn v c cng chng hoc chng thc. 4. Di chc bng vn bn khng c cng chng, chng thc ch c coi l hp php, nu c cc iu kin c quy nh ti khon 1 iu n y. 5. Di chc ming c coi l hp php, nu ngi di chc ming th hin ch cui cng ca mnh trc mt t nht hai ngi l m chng v ngay sau nhng ngi l m chng ghi chp li, cng k tn hoc im ch. Trong thi hn nm ng y, k t ng y ngi di chc ming th hin ch cui cng th di chc phi c cng chng hoc chng thc. iu 653. Ni dung ca di chc bng vn bn 1. Di chc phi ghi r: a) Ng y, thng, nm lp di chc; b) H, tn v ni c tr ca ngi lp di chc; c) H, tn ngi, c quan, t chc c hng di sn hoc xc nh r cc iu kin c nhn, c quan, t chc c hng di sn; d) Di sn li v ni c di sn; ) Vic ch nh ngi thc hin ngha v v ni dung ca ngha v. 2. Di chc khng c vit tt hoc vit bng k hiu; nu di chc gm nhiu trang th mi trang phi c nh s th t v c ch k hoc im ch ca ngi lp di chc. iu 654. Ngi l m chng cho vic lp di chc Mi ngi u c th l m chng cho vic lp di chc, tr nhng ngi sau

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y: 1. Ngi tha k theo di chc hoc theo php lut ca ngi lp di chc; 2. Ngi c quyn, ngha v t i sn lin quan ti ni dung di chc; 3. Ngi cha mi tm tui, ngi khng c nng lc h nh vi dn s. iu 655. Di chc bng vn bn khng c ngi l m chng Ngi lp di chc phi t tay vit v k v o bn di chc. Vic lp di chc bng vn bn khng c ngi l m chng phi tun theo quy nh ti iu 653 ca B lut n y. iu 656. Di chc bng vn bn c ngi l m chng Trong trng hp ngi lp di chc khng th t mnh vit bn di chc th c th nh ngi khc vit, nhng phi c t nht l hai ngi l m chng. Ngi lp di chc phi k hoc im ch v o bn di chc trc mt nhng ngi l m chng; nhng ngi l m chng xc nhn ch k, im ch ca ngi lp di chc v k v o bn di chc. Vic lp di chc phi tun theo quy nh ti iu 653 v iu 654 ca B lut n y. iu 657. Di chc c cng chng hoc chng thc Ngi lp di chc c th yu cu cng chng hoc chng thc bn di chc. iu 658. Th tc lp di chc ti c quan cng chng hoc U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn Vic lp di chc ti c quan cng chng hoc U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn phi tun theo th tc sau y: 1. Ngi lp di chc tuyn b ni dung ca di chc trc cng chng vin hoc ngi c thm quyn chng thc ca U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn. Cng chng vin hoc ngi c thm quyn chng thc phi ghi chp li ni dung m ngi lp di chc tuyn b. Ngi lp di chc k hoc im ch v o bn di chc sau khi xc nhn bn di chc c ghi chp chnh xc v th hin ng ch ca mnh. Cng chng vin hoc ngi c thm quyn chng thc ca U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn k v o bn di chc; 2. Trong trng hp ngi lp di chc khng c c hoc khng nghe c bn di chc, khng k hoc khng im ch c th phi nh ngi l m chng v ngi n y phi k xc nhn trc mt cng chng vin hoc ngi c thm quyn chng thc ca U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn. Cng chng vin, ngi c thm quyn chng thc ca U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn chng nhn bn di chc trc mt ngi lp di chc v ngi l m chng. iu 659. Ngi khng c cng chng, chng thc di chc Cng chng vin, ngi c thm quyn ca U ban nhn dn x , phng, th trn khng c cng chng, chng thc i vi di chc, nu h l : 1. Ngi tha k theo di chc hoc theo php lut ca ngi lp di chc;

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2. Ngi c cha, m, v hoc chng, con l ngi tha k theo di chc hoc theo php lut; 3. Ngi c quyn, ngha v v t i sn lin quan ti ni dung di chc. iu 660. Di chc bng vn bn c gi tr nh di chc c cng chng, chng thc Di chc bng vn bn c gi tr nh di chc c cng chng hoc chng thc bao gm: 1. Di chc ca qun nhn ti ng c xc nhn ca th trng n v t cp i i tr ln, nu qun nhn khng th yu cu cng chng hoc chng thc; 2. Di chc ca ngi ang i trn t u bin, my bay c xc nhn ca ngi ch huy phng tin ; 3. Di chc ca ngi ang iu tr ti bnh vin, c s cha bnh, iu dng khc c xc nhn ca ngi ph trch bnh vin, c s ; 4. Di chc ca ngi ang l m cng vic kho st, thm d, nghin cu vng rng ni, hi o c xc nhn ca ngi ph trch n v; 5. Di chc ca cng dn Vit Nam ang nc ngo i c chng nhn ca c quan l nh s, i din ngoi giao Vit Nam nc ; 6. Di chc ca ngi ang b tm giam, ang chp h nh hnh pht t, ngi ang chp h nh bin php x l h nh chnh ti c s gio dc, c s cha bnh c xc nhn ca ngi ph trch c s . iu 661. Di chc do cng chng vin lp ti ch 1. Ngi lp di chc c th yu cu cng chng vin ti ch ca mnh lp di chc. 2. Th tc lp di chc ti ch c tin h nh nh th tc lp di chc ti c quan cng chng theo quy nh ti iu 658 ca B lut n y. iu 662. Sa i, b sung, thay th, hu b di chc 1. Ngi lp di chc c th sa i, b sung, thay th, hu b di chc v o bt c lc n o. 2. Trong trng hp ngi lp di chc b sung di chc th di chc lp v phn b sung c hiu lc php lut nh nhau; nu mt phn ca di chc lp v phn b sung mu thun nhau th ch phn b sung c hiu lc php lut. 3. Trong trng hp ngi lp di chc thay th di chc bng di chc mi th di chc trc b hu b. iu 663. Di chc chung ca v, chng V, chng c th lp di chc chung nh ot t i sn chung. iu 664. Sa i, b sung, thay th, hu b di chc chung ca v, chng 1. V, chng c th sa i, b sung, thay th, hu b di chc chung bt c lc n o.

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2. Khi v hoc chng mun sa i, b sung, thay th, hu b di chc chung th phi c s ng ca ngi kia; nu mt ngi cht th ngi kia ch c th sa i, b sung di chc lin quan n phn t i sn ca mnh. iu 665. Gi gi di chc 1. Ngi lp di chc c th yu cu c quan cng chng lu gi hoc gi ngi khc gi bn di chc. 2. Trong trng hp c quan cng chng lu gi bn di chc th phi bo qun, gi gn theo quy nh ca php lut v cng chng. 3. C nhn gi bn di chc c cc ngha v sau y: a) Gi b mt ni dung di chc; b) Gi gn, bo qun bn di chc; nu bn di chc b tht lc, h hi th phi bo ngay cho ngi lp di chc; c) Giao li bn di chc cho ngi tha k hoc ngi c thm quyn cng b di chc, khi ngi lp di chc cht. Vic giao li bn di chc phi c lp th nh vn bn, c ch k ca ngi giao, ngi nhn v trc s c mt ca hai ngi l m chng. iu 666. Di chc b tht lc, h hi 1. K t thi im m tha k, nu bn di chc b tht lc hoc b h hi n mc khng th hin c y ch ca ngi lp di chc v cng khng c bng chng n o chng minh c nguyn ch thc ca ngi lp di chc th coi nh khng c di chc v p dng cc quy nh v tha k theo php lut. 2. Trong trng hp di sn cha chia m tm thy di chc th di sn c chia theo di chc. iu 667. Hiu lc php lut ca di chc 1. Di chc c hiu lc php lut t thi im m tha k. 2. Di chc khng c hiu lc php lut to n b hoc mt phn trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Ngi tha k theo di chc cht trc hoc cht cng thi im vi ngi lp di chc; b) C quan, t chc c ch nh l ngi tha k khng cn v o thi im m tha k. Trong trng hp c nhiu ngi tha k theo di chc m c ngi cht trc hoc cht cng thi im vi ngi lp di chc, mt trong nhiu c quan, t chc c ch nh hng tha k theo di chc khng cn v o thi im m tha k th ch phn di chc c lin quan n c nhn, c quan, t chc n y khng c hiu lc php lut. 3. Di chc khng c hiu lc php lut, nu di sn li cho ngi tha k khng cn v o thi im m tha k; nu di sn li cho ngi tha k ch cn mt phn th phn di chc v phn di sn cn li vn c hiu lc.

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4. Khi di chc c phn khng hp php m khng nh hng n hiu lc ca cc phn cn li th ch phn khng c hiu lc php lut. 5. Khi mt ngi li nhiu bn di chc i vi mt t i sn th ch bn di chc sau cng c hiu lc php lut. iu 668. Hiu lc php lut ca di chc chung ca v, chng Di chc chung ca v, chng c hiu lc t thi im ngi sau cng cht hoc ti thi im v, chng cng cht. iu 669. Ngi tha k khng ph thuc v o ni dung ca di chc Nhng ngi sau y vn c hng phn di sn bng hai phn ba sut ca mt ngi tha k theo php lut, nu di sn c chia theo php lut, trong trng hp h khng c ngi lp di chc cho hng di sn hoc ch cho hng phn di sn t hn hai phn ba sut , tr khi h l nhng ngi t chi nhn di sn theo quy nh ti iu 642 hoc h l nhng ngi khng c quyn hng di sn theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu 643 ca B lut n y: 1. Con cha th nh nin, cha, m, v, chng; 2. Con th nh nin m khng c kh nng lao ng. iu 670. Di sn dng v o vic th cng 1. Trong trng hp ngi lp di chc c li mt phn di sn dng v o vic th cng th phn di sn khng c chia tha k v c giao cho mt ngi c ch nh trong di chc qun l thc hin vic th cng; nu ngi c ch nh khng thc hin ng di chc hoc khng theo tho thun ca nhng ngi tha k th nhng ngi tha k c quyn giao phn di sn dng v o vic th cng cho ngi khc qun l th cng. Trong trng hp ngi li di sn khng ch nh ngi qun l di sn th cng th nhng ngi tha k c mt ngi qun l di sn th cng. Trong trng hp tt c nhng ngi tha k theo di chc u cht th phn di sn dng th cng thuc v ngi ang qun l hp php di sn trong s nhng ngi thuc din tha k theo php lut. 2. Trong trng hp to n b di sn ca ngi cht khng thanh ton ngha v t i sn ca ngi th khng c d nh mt phn di sn dng v o vic th cng. iu 671. Di tng 1. Di tng l vic ngi lp di chc d nh mt phn di sn tng cho ngi khc. Vic di tng phi c ghi r trong di chc. 2. Ngi c di tng khng phi thc hin ngha v t i sn i vi phn c di tng, tr trng hp to n b di sn khng thanh ton ngha v t i sn ca ngi lp di chc th phn di tng cng c dng thc hin phn ngha v cn li ca ngi n y.

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iu 672. Cng b di chc 1. Trong trng hp di chc bng vn bn c lu gi ti c quan cng chng th cng chng vin l ngi cng b di chc. 2. Trong trng hp ngi li di chc ch nh ngi cng b di chc th ngi n y c ngha v cng b di chc; nu ngi li di chc khng ch nh hoc c ch nh nhng ngi c ch nh t chi cng b di chc th nhng ngi tha k cn li tho thun c ngi cng b di chc. 3. Sau thi im m tha k, ngi cng b di chc phi sao gi di chc ti tt c nhng ngi c lin quan n ni dung di chc. 4. Ngi nhn c bn sao di chc c quyn yu cu i chiu vi bn gc ca di chc. 5. Trong trng hp di chc c lp bng ting nc ngo i th bn di chc phi c dch ra ting Vit v phi c cng chng. iu 673. Gii thch ni dung di chc Trong trng hp ni dung di chc khng r r ng dn n nhiu cch hiu khc nhau th ngi cng b di chc v nhng ngi tha k phi cng nhau gii thch ni dung di chc da trn nguyn ch thc trc y ca ngi cht, c xem xt n mi quan h ca ngi cht vi ngi tha k theo di chc. Khi nhng ngi n y khng nht tr v cch hiu ni dung di chc th coi nh khng c di chc v vic chia di sn c p dng theo quy nh v tha k theo php lut. Trong trng hp c mt phn ni dung di chc khng gii thch c nhng khng nh hng n cc phn cn li ca di chc th ch phn khng gii thch c khng c hiu lc. Chng XXIV
THA K THEO PHP LUT

iu 674. Tha k theo php lut Tha k theo php lut l tha k theo h ng tha k, iu kin v trnh t tha k do php lut quy nh. iu 675. Nhng trng hp tha k theo php lut 1. Tha k theo php lut c p dng trong nhng trng hp sau y: a) Khng c di chc; b) Di chc khng hp php; c) Nhng ngi tha k theo di chc u cht trc hoc cht cng thi im vi ngi lp di chc; c quan, t chc c hng tha k theo di chc khng cn v o thi im m tha k; d) Nhng ngi c ch nh l m ngi tha k theo di chc m khng c quyn hng di sn hoc t chi quyn nhn di sn.

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2. Tha k theo php lut cng c p dng i vi cc phn di sn sau y: a) Phn di sn khng c nh ot trong di chc; b) Phn di sn c lin quan n phn ca di chc khng c hiu lc php lut; c) Phn di sn c lin quan n ngi c tha k theo di chc nhng h khng c quyn hng di sn, t chi quyn nhn di sn, cht trc hoc cht cng thi im vi ngi lp di chc; lin quan n c quan, t chc c hng di sn theo di chc, nhng khng cn v o thi im m tha k. iu 676. Ngi tha k theo php lut 1. Nhng ngi tha k theo php lut c quy nh theo th t sau y: a) H ng tha k th nht gm: v, chng, cha , m , cha nui, m nui, con , con nui ca ngi cht; b) H ng tha k th hai gm: ng ni, b ni, ng ngoi, b ngoi, anh rut, ch rut, em rut ca ngi cht; chu rut ca ngi cht m ngi cht l ng ni, b ni, ng ngoi, b ngoi; c) H ng tha k th ba gm: c ni, c ngoi ca ngi cht; bc rut, ch rut, cu rut, c rut, d rut ca ngi cht; chu rut ca ngi cht m ngi cht l bc rut, ch rut, cu rut, c rut, d rut, cht rut ca ngi cht m ngi cht l c ni, c ngoi. 2. Nhng ngi tha k cng h ng c hng phn di sn bng nhau. 3. Nhng ngi h ng tha k sau ch c hng tha k, nu khng cn ai h ng tha k trc do cht, khng c quyn hng di sn, b trut quyn hng di sn hoc t chi nhn di sn. iu 677. Tha k th v Trong trng hp con ca ngi li di sn cht trc hoc cng mt thi im vi ngi li di sn th chu c hng phn di sn m cha hoc m ca chu c hng nu cn sng; nu chu cng cht trc hoc cng mt thi im vi ngi li di sn th cht c hng phn di sn m cha hoc m ca cht c hng nu cn sng. iu 678. Quan h tha k gia con nui v cha nui, m nui v cha , m Con nui v cha nui, m nui c tha k di sn ca nhau v cn c tha k di sn theo quy nh ti iu 676 v iu 677 ca B lut n y. iu 679. Quan h tha k gia con ring v b dng, m k Con ring v b dng, m k nu c quan h chm sc, nui dng nhau nh cha con, m con th c tha k di sn ca nhau v cn c tha k di sn theo quy nh ti iu 676 v iu 677 ca B lut n y. iu 680. Vic tha k trong trng hp v, chng chia t i sn chung, ang xin ly hn, kt hn vi ngi khc 1. Trong trng hp v, chng chia t i sn chung khi hn nhn cn tn ti

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m sau mt ngi cht th ngi cn sng vn c tha k di sn. 2. Trong trng hp v, chng xin ly hn m cha c hoc c To n cho ly hn bng bn n hoc quyt nh cha c hiu lc php lut, nu mt ngi cht th ngi cn sng vn c tha k di sn. 3. Ngi ang l v hoc chng ca mt ngi ti thi im ngi cht th d sau kt hn vi ngi khc vn c tha k di sn. Chng XXV
THANH TON V PHN CHIA DI SN

iu 681. Hp mt nhng ngi tha k 1. Sau khi c thng bo v vic m tha k hoc di chc c cng b, nhng ngi tha k c th hp mt tho thun nhng vic sau y: a) C ngi qun l di sn, ngi phn chia di sn, xc nh quyn, ngha v ca nhng ngi n y, nu ngi li di sn khng ch nh trong di chc; b) Cch thc phn chia di sn. 2. Mi tho thun ca nhng ngi tha k phi c lp th nh vn bn. iu 682. Ngi phn chia di sn 1. Ngi phn chia di sn c th ng thi l ngi qun l di sn c ch nh trong di chc hoc c nhng ngi tha k tho thun c ra. 2. Ngi phn chia di sn phi chia di sn theo ng di chc hoc ng tho thun ca nhng ngi tha k theo php lut. 3. Ngi phn chia di sn c hng th lao, nu ngi li di sn cho php trong di chc hoc nhng ngi tha k c tho thun. iu 683. Th t u tin thanh ton Cc ngha v t i sn v cc khon chi ph lin quan n tha k c thanh ton theo th t sau y: 1. Chi ph hp l theo tp qun cho vic mai tng; 2. Tin cp dng cn thiu; 3. Tin tr cp cho ngi sng nng nh; 4. Tin cng lao ng; 5. Tin bi thng thit hi; 6. Thu v cc khon n khc i vi Nh nc; 7. Tin pht; 8. Cc khon n khc i vi c nhn, php nhn hoc ch th khc; 9. Chi ph cho vic bo qun di sn; 10. Cc chi ph khc.

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iu 684. Phn chia di sn theo di chc 1. Vic phn chia di sn c thc hin theo ch ca ngi li di chc; nu di chc khng xc nh r phn ca tng ngi tha k th di sn c chia u cho nhng ngi c ch nh trong di chc, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Trong trng hp di chc xc nh phn chia di sn theo hin vt th ngi tha k c nhn hin vt km theo hoa li, li tc thu c t hin vt hoc phi chu phn gi tr ca hin vt b gim st tnh n thi im phn chia di sn; nu hin vt b tiu hu do li ca ngi khc th ngi tha k c quyn yu cu bi thng thit hi. 3. Trong trng hp di chc ch xc nh phn chia di sn theo t l i vi tng gi tr khi di sn th t l n y c tnh trn gi tr khi di sn ang cn v o thi im phn chia di sn. iu 685. Phn chia di sn theo php lut 1. Khi phn chia di sn nu c ngi tha k cng h ng th nh thai nhng cha sinh ra th phi d nh li mt phn di sn bng phn m ngi tha k khc c hng, nu ngi tha k cn sng khi sinh ra, c hng; nu cht trc khi sinh ra th nhng ngi tha k khc c hng. 2. Nhng ngi tha k c quyn yu cu phn chia di sn bng hin vt; nu khng th chia u bng hin vt th nhng ngi tha k c th tho thun v vic nh gi hin vt v tho thun v ngi nhn hin vt; nu khng tho thun c th hin vt c bn chia. iu 686. Hn ch phn chia di sn Trong trng hp theo ch ca ngi lp di chc hoc theo tho thun ca tt c nhng ngi tha k, di sn ch c phn chia sau mt thi hn nht nh th ch khi ht thi hn di sn mi c em chia. Trong trng hp yu cu chia di sn tha k m vic chia di sn nh hng nghim trng n i sng ca bn v hoc chng cn sng v gia nh th bn cn sng c quyn yu cu To n xc nh phn di sn m nhng ngi tha k c hng nhng cha cho chia di sn trong mt thi hn nht nh, nhng khng qu ba nm, k t thi im m tha k; nu ht thi hn do To n xc nh hoc bn cn sng kt hn vi ngi khc th nhng ngi tha k khc c quyn yu cu To n cho chia di sn tha k. iu 687. Phn chia di sn trong trng hp c ngi tha k mi hoc c ngi tha k b bc b quyn tha k 1. Trong trng hp phn chia di sn m xut hin ngi tha k mi th khng thc hin vic phn chia li di sn bng hin vt, nhng nhng ngi tha k nhn di sn phi thanh ton cho ngi tha k mi mt khon tin tng ng vi phn di sn ca ngi ti thi im chia tha k theo t l tng ng vi phn di sn nhn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. 2. Trong trng hp phn chia di sn m c ngi tha k b bc b quyn

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tha k th ngi phi tr li di sn hoc thanh ton mt khon tin tng ng vi gi tr di sn c hng ti thi im chia tha k cho nhng ngi tha k, tr trng hp c tho thun khc.
PHN TH NM QUY NH V Chuyn QUYN S DNG T

Chng XXVI
NHNG QUY NH CHUNG

iu 688. Cn c xc lp quyn s dng t 1. t ai thuc hnh thc s hu nh nc, do Chnh ph thng nht qun l. 2. Quyn s dng t ca c nhn, php nhn, h gia nh, ch th khc c xc lp do Nh nc giao t, cho thu t hoc cng nhn quyn s dng t. 3. Quyn s dng t ca c nhn, php nhn, h gia nh, ch th khc cng c xc lp do c ngi khc chuyn quyn s dng t ph hp vi quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. iu 689. Hnh thc chuyn quyn s dng t 1. Vic chuyn quyn s dng t c thc hin thng qua hp ng, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 3 iu n y. 2. Hp ng chuyn quyn s dng t phi c lp th nh vn bn, c cng chng, chng thc theo quy nh ca php lut. 3. Vic tha k quyn s dng t c thc hin theo quy nh ti cc iu t iu 733 n iu 735 ca B lut n y. iu 690. Gi chuyn quyn s dng t Gi chuyn quyn s dng t do cc bn tho thun hoc do php lut quy nh. iu 691. Nguyn tc chuyn quyn s dng t 1. C nhn, php nhn, h gia nh, ch th khc s dng t c php lut cho php chuyn quyn s dng t mi c quyn chuyn quyn s dng t. 2. Khi chuyn quyn s dng t, cc bn c quyn tho thun v ni dung ca hp ng chuyn quyn s dng t nhng phi ph hp vi quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. 3. Bn nhn chuyn quyn s dng t phi s dng t ng mc ch, ng thi hn ghi trong giy chng nhn quyn s dng t v ph hp vi quy hoch, k hoch s dng t a phng ti thi im chuyn quyn s dng t. iu 692. Hiu lc ca vic chuyn quyn s dng t Vic chuyn quyn s dng t c hiu lc k t thi im ng k quyn s dng t theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai.

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Chng XXVII
HP NG CHUYN I QUYN S DNG T

iu 693. Hp ng chuyn i quyn s dng t Hp ng chuyn i quyn s dng t l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo cc bn chuyn giao t v chuyn quyn s dng t cho nhau theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. iu 694. Ni dung ca hp ng chuyn i quyn s dng t Hp ng chuyn i quyn s dng t bao gm cc ni dung sau y: 1. Tn, a ch ca cc bn; 2. Quyn, ngha v ca cc bn; 3. Loi t, hng t, din tch, v tr, s hiu, ranh gii v tnh trng t; 4. Thi im chuyn giao t; 5. Thi hn s dng t ca bn chuyn i; thi hn s dng t cn li ca bn c chuyn i; 6. Chnh lch v gi tr quyn s dng t, nu c; 7. Quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t chuyn i; 8. Trch nhim ca cc bn khi vi phm hp ng. iu 695. Ngha v ca cc bn chuyn i quyn s dng t Cc bn chuyn i quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Chuyn giao t cho nhau din tch, ng hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 2. S dng t ng mc ch, ng thi hn; 3. Chu l ph v vic chuyn i quyn s dng t i vi din tch t m mnh c chuyn i v thc hin cc ngha v ca ngi s dng t theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai; 4. Thanh ton tin chnh lch, nu gi tr quyn s dng t chuyn i ca mt bn cao hn, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 696. Quyn ca cc bn chuyn i quyn s dng t Cc bn chuyn i quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn kia giao t din tch, ng hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 2. Yu cu bn kia giao cho mnh to n b giy t hp php v quyn s dng t; 3. c cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t i vi t chuyn i; 4. c s dng t theo ng mc ch, ng thi hn.

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Chng XXVIII
HP NG CHUYN NHNG QUYN S DNG T

iu 697. Hp ng chuyn nhng quyn s dng t Hp ng chuyn nhng quyn s dng t l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t chuyn giao t v quyn s dng t cho bn nhn chuyn nhng, cn bn nhn chuyn nhng tr tin cho bn chuyn nhng theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. iu 698. Ni dung ca hp ng chuyn nhng quyn s dng t Hp ng chuyn nhng quyn s dng t bao gm cc ni dung sau y: 1. Tn, a ch ca cc bn; 2. Quyn, ngha v ca cc bn; 3. Loi t, hng t, din tch, v tr, s hiu, ranh gii v tnh trng t; 4. Thi hn s dng t ca bn chuyn nhng; thi hn s dng t cn li ca bn nhn chuyn nhng; 5. Gi chuyn nhng; 6. Phng thc, thi hn thanh ton; 7. Quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t chuyn nhng; 8. Cc thng tin khc lin quan n quyn s dng t; 9. Trch nhim ca cc bn khi vi phm hp ng. iu 699. Ngha v ca bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t Bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Chuyn giao t cho bn nhn chuyn nhng din tch, ng hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 2. Giao giy t c lin quan n quyn s dng t cho bn nhn chuyn nhng. iu 700. Quyn ca bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t Bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t c quyn c nhn tin chuyn nhng quyn s dng t; trng hp bn nhn chuyn nhng chm tr tin th p dng theo quy nh ti iu 305 ca B lut n y. iu 701. Ngha v ca bn nhn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t Bn nhn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Tr tin, ng thi hn v ng phng thc tho thun cho bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t; 2. ng k quyn s dng t theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai; 3. Bo m quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t chuyn nhng; 4. Thc hin cc ngha v khc theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai.

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iu 702. Quyn ca bn nhn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t Bn nhn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t giao cho mnh giy t c lin quan n quyn s dng t; 2. Yu cu bn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t giao t din tch, ng hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 3. c cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t i vi t c chuyn nhng; 4. c s dng t theo ng mc ch, ng thi hn. Chng XXIX
HP NG THU, thu li QUYN S DNG T Mc 1 Hp ng thu quyn s dng t

iu 703. Hp ng thu quyn s dng t Hp ng thu quyn s dng t l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn cho thu chuyn giao t cho bn thu s dng trong mt thi hn, cn bn thu phi s dng t ng mc ch, tr tin thu v tr li t khi ht thi hn thu theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. iu 704. Ni dung ca hp ng thu quyn s dng t Hp ng thu quyn s dng t bao gm cc ni dung sau y: 1. Tn, a ch ca cc bn; 2. Quyn, ngha v ca cc bn; 3. Loi t, hng t, din tch, v tr, s hiu, ranh gii v tnh trng t; 4. Thi hn thu; 5. Gi thu; 6. Phng thc, thi hn thanh ton; 7. Quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t thu; 8. Trch nhim ca cc bn khi vi phm hp ng; 9. Gii quyt hu qu khi hp ng thu quyn s dng t ht hn. iu 705. Ngha v ca bn cho thu quyn s dng t Bn cho thu quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. ng k vic cho thu quyn s dng t; 2. Chuyn giao t cho bn thu din tch, ng v tr, s hiu, hng t, loi t v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 3. Cho thu quyn s dng t trong thi hn c giao, c thu;

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4. Kim tra, nhc nh bn thu bo v, gi gn t v s dng t ng mc ch; 5. Np thu s dng t, tr trng hp c tho thun khc; 6. Bo cho bn thu v quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t thu. iu 706. Quyn ca bn cho thu quyn s dng t Bn cho thu quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn thu quyn s dng t tr tin thu; 2. Yu cu bn thu quyn s dng t chm dt ngay vic s dng t khng ng mc ch, hu hoi t hoc l m gim st gi tr s dng ca t; nu bn thu khng chm dt ngay h nh vi vi phm th bn cho thu c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng, yu cu bn thu tr li t ang thu v bi thng thit hi; 3. Yu cu bn thu tr li t khi thi hn cho thu ht. iu 707. Ngha v ca bn thu quyn s dng t Bn thu quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. S dng t ng mc ch, ng ranh gii, ng thi hn cho thu; 2. Khng c hu hoi, l m gim st gi tr s dng ca t v phi thc hin cc yu cu khc nh tho thun trong hp ng thu quyn s dng t; 3. Tr tin thu quyn s dng t ng thi hn, ng a im v theo phng thc tho thun; nu vic s dng t khng sinh li th bn thu vn phi tr tin thu, tr trng hp c tho thun khc; 4. Tun theo cc quy nh v bo v mi trng; khng c l m tn hi n quyn, li ch hp php ca ngi s dng t xung quanh; 5. Tr li t ng tnh trng nh khi nhn sau khi ht thi hn thu, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. iu 708. Quyn ca bn thu quyn s dng t Bn thu quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn cho thu chuyn giao t din tch, ng v tr, s hiu, hng t, loi t v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 2. c s dng t thu n nh theo thi hn nh tho thun; 3. c hng hoa li, li tc t vic s dng t; 4. n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng theo quy nh ti iu 426 ca B lut n y; 5. Yu cu bn cho thu gim, min tin thu trong trng hp do bt kh khng m hoa li, li tc b mt hoc b gim st. iu 709. Chm tr tin thu quyn s dng t Khi bn thu chm tr tin thu quyn s dng t theo tho thun th bn

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cho thu c th gia hn; nu ht thi hn m bn thu khng thc hin ngha v th bn cho thu c quyn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng, yu cu bn thu tr li t. Bn cho thu c quyn yu cu bn thu tr tin trong thi gian thu k c l i i vi khon tin chm tr theo l i sut c bn do Ngn h ng Nh nc quy nh tng ng vi thi gian chm tr ti thi im thanh ton. iu 710. Bi thng thit hi do t b thu hi 1. Khi bn cho thu hoc bn thu c vi phm ngha v ca ngi s dng t dn n vic Nh nc thu hi t th bn vi phm phi bi thng thit hi cho bn kia. 2. Trong trng hp hp ng thu quyn s dng t ang c hiu lc nhng do nhu cu v quc phng, an ninh, li ch quc gia, li ch cng cng v pht trin kinh t m Nh nc thu hi t th hp ng thu quyn s dng t chm dt trc thi hn. Trong trng hp bn thu tr tin trc th bn cho thu phi tr li cho bn thu khon tin cn li tng ng vi thi gian cha s dng t; nu bn thu cha tr tin th ch phi tr tin tng ng vi thi gian s dng t. Bn cho thu c Nh nc bi thng thit hi do thu hi t theo quy nh ca php lut, cn bn thu c Nh nc bi thng thit hi v hoa li c trn t. iu 711. Quyn tip tc thu quyn s dng t khi mt bn cht 1. Trong trng hp bn cho thu quyn s dng t l c nhn cht th bn thu vn c tip tc thu quyn s dng t cho n ht thi hn thu. 2. Trong trng hp bn thu quyn s dng t l c nhn cht th th nh vin trong h gia nh ca ngi c tip tc thu quyn s dng t cho n ht thi hn thu nhng phi bo vi c quan nh nc c thm quyn. iu 712. Chuyn nhng quyn s dng t trong thi hn cho thu quyn s dng t Khi thi hn cho thu quyn s dng t ang cn, bn cho thu vn c quyn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t cho ngi khc nu c c quan nh nc c thm quyn cho php, nhng phi bo cho bn thu bit bn thu thc hin ngha v vi bn nhn chuyn nhng quyn s dng t. Bn thu vn c tip tc thu cho n ht thi hn thu quyn s dng t theo hp ng. iu 713. Chm dt hp ng thu quyn s dng t 1. Hp ng thu quyn s dng t chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y: a) Ht thi hn thu v khng c gia hn thu; b) Theo tho thun ca cc bn; c) Nh nc thu hi t; d) Mt trong cc bn n phng chm dt thc hin hp ng hoc hu b

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hp ng theo tho thun hoc theo quy nh ca php lut; ) Bn thu quyn s dng t l c nhn cht m trong h gia nh ca ngi khng cn th nh vin n o khc hoc c nhng khng c nhu cu tip tc thu; e) Din tch t thu khng cn do thin tai; g) Cc trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. 2. Khi hp ng thu quyn s dng t chm dt, ngi thu quyn s dng t phi khi phc tnh trng t nh khi nhn t, tr trng hp c tho thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc. T i sn gn lin vi t c gii quyt theo tho thun ca cc bn.
Mc 2 Hp ng thu li quyn s dng t

iu 714. Hp ng thu li quyn s dng t Trong trng hp php lut khng c quy nh khc th quy nh ti cc iu t iu 703 n iu 713 ca B lut n y cng c p dng i vi hp ng thu li quyn s dng t. Chng XXX
Hp ng th chp quyn s dng t

iu 715. Hp ng th chp quyn s dng t Hp ng th chp quyn s dng t l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn s dng t (sau y gi l bn th chp) dng quyn s dng t ca mnh bo m vic thc hin ngha v dn s vi bn kia (sau y gi l bn nhn th chp). Bn th chp c tip tc s dng t trong thi hn th chp. iu 716. Phm vi th chp quyn s dng t 1. Quyn s dng t c th c th chp mt phn hoc to n b. 2. Trng hp ngi s dng t th chp quyn s dng t th nh , cng trnh xy dng khc, rng trng, vn cy v cc t i sn khc ca ngi th chp gn lin vi t ch thuc t i sn th chp, nu c tho thun. iu 717. Ngha v ca bn th chp quyn s dng t Bn th chp quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Giao giy chng nhn quyn s dng t cho bn nhn th chp; 2. L m th tc ng k vic th chp; xo vic ng k th chp khi hp ng th chp chm dt; 3. S dng t ng mc ch, khng l m hu hoi, l m gim gi tr ca t th chp; 4. Thanh ton tin vay ng hn, ng phng thc theo tho thun trong hp ng.

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iu 718. Quyn ca bn th chp quyn s dng t Bn th chp quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. c s dng t trong thi hn th chp; 2. c nhn tin vay do th chp quyn s dng t theo phng thc tho thun; 3. Hng hoa li, li tc thu c, tr trng hp hoa li, li tc cng thuc t i sn th chp; 4. c chuyn i, chuyn nhng, cho thu, cho thu li quyn s dng t th chp nu c bn nhn th chp ng ; 5. Nhn li giy chng nhn quyn s dng t sau khi thc hin xong ngha v th chp. iu 719. Ngha v ca bn nhn th chp quyn s dng t Bn nhn th chp quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Cng vi bn th chp ng k vic th chp; 2. Tr li giy chng nhn quyn s dng t khi bn th chp thc hin ngha v c bo m bng th chp. iu 720. Quyn ca bn nhn th chp quyn s dng t Bn nhn th chp quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. Kim tra, nhc nh bn th chp quyn s dng t bo v, gi gn t v s dng t ng mc ch; 2. c u tin thanh ton n trong trng hp x l quyn s dng t th chp. iu 721. X l quyn s dng t th chp Khi n hn thc hin ngha v c bo m bng th chp quyn s dng t m bn th chp khng thc hin hoc thc hin khng ng ngha v th quyn s dng t th chp c x l theo tho thun; nu khng c tha thun hoc khng x l c theo tho thun th bn nhn th chp c quyn khi kin ti To n. Chng XXXI
Hp ng Tng cho quyn s dng t

iu 722. Hp ng tng cho quyn s dng t Hp ng tng cho quyn s dng t l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo bn tng cho giao quyn s dng t cho bn c tng cho m khng yu cu n b, cn bn c tng cho ng nhn theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai.

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iu 723. Ni dung ca hp ng tng cho quyn s dng t Hp ng tng cho quyn s dng t bao gm cc ni dung sau y: 1. Tn, a ch ca cc bn; 2. L do tng cho quyn s dng t; 3. Quyn, ngha v ca cc bn; 4. Loi t, hng t, din tch, v tr, s hiu, ranh gii v tnh trng t; 5. Thi hn s dng t cn li ca bn tng cho; 6. Quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t c tng cho; 7. Trch nhim ca cc bn khi vi phm hp ng. iu 724. Ngha v ca bn tng cho quyn s dng t Bn tng cho quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Giao t din tch, ng hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 2. Giao giy t c lin quan n quyn s dng t cho bn c tng cho l m th tc ng k quyn s dng t. iu 725. Ngha v ca bn c tng cho quyn s dng t Bn c tng cho quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. ng k quyn s dng t ti c quan nh nc c thm quyn theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai; 2. Bo m quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t c tng cho; 3. Thc hin cc ngha v khc theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai. iu 726. Quyn ca bn c tng cho quyn s dng t Bn c tng cho quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn tng cho giao din tch, ng hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun; 2. c s dng t theo ng mc ch, ng thi hn; 3. c cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t. Chng XXXII
hp ng Gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t

iu 727. Hp ng gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t Hp ng gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t l s tho thun gia cc bn, theo ngi s dng t (sau y gi l bn gp vn) gp phn vn ca mnh bng gi tr quyn s dng t hp tc sn xut, kinh doanh vi c nhn, php nhn, h gia nh, ch th khc theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai.

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iu 728. Ni dung ca hp ng gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t Hp ng gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t bao gm cc ni dung sau y: 1. Tn, a ch ca cc bn; 2. Quyn, ngha v ca cc bn; 3. Loi t, hng t, din tch, v tr, s hiu, ranh gii v tnh trng t; 4. Thi hn s dng t cn li ca bn gp vn; 5. Thi hn gp vn; 6. Gi tr quyn s dng t gp vn; 7. Quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t c gp vn; 8. Trch nhim ca cc bn khi vi phm hp ng. iu 729. Ngha v ca bn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t Bn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Giao t ng thi hn, din tch, ng hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun trong hp ng; 2. ng k quyn s dng t ti c quan nh nc c thm quyn theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai. iu 730. Quyn ca bn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t Bn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. c hng li nhun theo t l gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t; 2. c chuyn nhng, tha k phn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t, tr trng hp c tha thun khc hoc php lut c quy nh khc; 3. c nhn li quyn s dng t gp vn theo tha thun hoc khi thi hn gp vn ht; 4. Hu b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi nu bn nhn gp vn khng thc hin vic thanh ton phn li nhun ng thi hn hoc thanh ton khng y . iu 731. Ngha v ca bn nhn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t Bn nhn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t c cc ngha v sau y: 1. Thanh ton phn li nhun cho bn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t ng thi hn, ng phng thc tho thun trong hp ng; 2. Bo m quyn ca ngi th ba i vi t c gp vn; 3. Thc hin cc ngha v khc theo quy nh ca php lut v t ai. iu 732. Quyn ca bn nhn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t Bn nhn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t c cc quyn sau y: 1. Yu cu bn gp vn bng gi tr quyn s dng t giao t din tch,

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ng thi hn, hng t, loi t, v tr, s hiu v tnh trng t nh tho thun trong hp ng; 2. c s dng t theo ng mc ch, ng thi hn; 3. c cp giy chng nhn quyn s dng t trong trng hp bn nhn gp vn l php nhn, tr trng hp gp vn trong hp ng hp tc kinh doanh. Chng XXXIII
THA K QUYN S DNG T

iu 733. Tha k quyn s dng t Tha k quyn s dng t l vic chuyn quyn s dng t ca ngi cht sang cho ngi tha k theo quy nh ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. iu 734. C nhn tha k quyn s dng t C nhn c Nh nc giao t, cho thu t, nhn chuyn quyn s dng t c quyn tha k quyn s dng t theo quy nh ti Phn th t ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai. iu 735. Tha k quyn s dng t c Nh nc giao cho h gia nh H gia nh c Nh nc giao t nu trong h c th nh vin cht th quyn s dng t ca th nh vin c li cho nhng ngi tha k theo quy nh ti Phn th t ca B lut n y v php lut v t ai.
Phn th su Quyn s hu tr tu v chuyn giao cng ngh

Chng XXXIV
Quyn tc gi v quyn lin quan Mc 1 Quyn tc gi

iu 736. Tc gi 1. Ngi sng to tc phm vn hc, ngh thut, khoa hc (sau y gi chung l tc phm) l tc gi ca tc phm . Trong trng hp c hai ngi hoc nhiu ngi cng sng to ra tc phm th nhng ngi l cc ng tc gi. 2. Ngi sng to ra tc phm phi sinh t tc phm ca ngi khc, bao gm tc phm c dch t ngn ng n y sang ngn ng khc, tc phm phng tc, ci bin, chuyn th, bin son, ch gii, tuyn chn l tc gi ca tc phm phi sinh . iu 737. i tng quyn tc gi i tng quyn tc gi bao gm mi sn phm sng to trong cc lnh vc

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vn hc, ngh thut, khoa hc c th hin di bt k hnh thc v bng bt k phng tin n o, khng phn bit ni dung, gi tr v khng ph thuc v o bt k th tc n o. iu 738. Ni dung quyn tc gi 1. Quyn tc gi bao gm quyn nhn thn v quyn t i sn i vi tc phm. 2. Quyn nhn thn thuc quyn tc gi bao gm: a) t tn cho tc phm; b) ng tn tht hoc bt danh trn tc phm; c nu tn tht hoc bt danh khi tc phm c cng b, s dng; c) Cng b hoc cho php ngi khc cng b tc phm; d) Bo v s to n vn ca tc phm, khng cho ngi khc sa cha, ct xn, xuyn tc tc phm. 3. Quyn t i sn thuc quyn tc gi bao gm: a) Sao chp tc phm; b) Cho php to tc phm phi sinh; c) Phn phi, nhp khu bn gc v bn sao tc phm; d) Truyn t tc phm n cng chng; ) Cho thu bn gc hoc bn sao chng trnh my tnh. iu 739. Thi im pht sinh v hiu lc quyn tc gi 1. Quyn tc gi pht sinh k t ng y tc phm c sng to v c th hin di mt hnh thc vt cht nht nh. 2. Quyn nhn thn thuc quyn tc gi tn ti v thi hn, tr quyn cng b hoc cho php ngi khc cng b tc phm do php lut v s hu tr tu quy nh. 3. Quyn t i sn thuc quyn tc gi tn ti trong thi hn do php lut v s hu tr tu quy nh. iu 740. Ch s hu quyn tc gi 1. Quyn nhn thn thuc v tc gi. 2. Trong trng hp tc phm c sng to khng phi trn c s thc hin nhim v hoc hp ng giao vic th quyn t i sn thuc v tc gi. 3. Trong trng hp tc phm c sng to trn c s thc hin nhim v hoc hp ng giao vic th quyn t i sn thuc v c quan, t chc giao nhim v hoc bn giao vic theo hp ng, tr trng hp c tho thun khc. Trong trng hp quyn t i sn khng thuc v tc gi th tc gi c quyn nhn th lao, nhun bt do ch s hu quyn t i sn chi tr theo quy nh ca php lut v s hu tr tu.

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iu 741. Phn chia quyn ca ng tc gi Trng hp tc phm c cc ng tc gi sng to, trong mi phn do tng ng tc gi sng to c th tch ri s dng c lp th quy nh ti iu 740 ca B lut n y c p dng cho tng phn tc phm c s dng c lp , nu cc ng tc gi khng c tho thun khc. iu 742. Chuyn giao quyn tc gi 1. Quyn nhn thn quy nh ti cc im a, b v d khon 2 iu 738 ca B lut n y khng c chuyn giao. Quyn nhn thn quy nh ti im c khon 2 iu 738 ca B lut n y c th c chuyn giao vi cc iu kin do php lut v s hu tr tu quy nh. 2. Quyn t i sn c th c chuyn giao to n b hoc tng phn theo hp ng hoc tha k, k tha. iu 743. Hp ng chuyn giao quyn t i sn thuc quyn tc gi Vic chuyn giao mt phn hoc to n b quyn t i sn thuc quyn tc gi c thc hin trn c s hp ng. Hp ng chuyn giao quyn tc gi phi c lp th nh vn bn.
Mc 2 Quyn lin quan n quyn tc gi

iu 744. i tng quyn lin quan n quyn tc gi i tng quyn lin quan n quyn tc gi (sau y gi l quyn lin quan) bao gm cuc biu din ca ngi biu din; bn ghi m, ghi hnh; cuc pht sng ca cc t chc pht sng v tn hiu v tinh mang chng trnh c m ho. iu 745. Ch s hu v ni dung quyn i vi cuc biu din 1. Quyn i vi cuc biu din bao gm quyn nhn thn ca ngi biu din v quyn t i sn ca ngi u t thc hin cuc biu din. 2. Quyn nhn thn ca ngi biu din bao gm quyn c nu tn khi biu din hoc khi pht h nh cc bn ghi m, ghi hnh cuc biu din v quyn c bo v s to n vn hnh tng biu din. 3. Quyn t i sn ca ngi u t thc hin cuc biu din bao gm quyn thc hin v cm ngi khc thc hin cc h nh vi sau y: a) Ghi m, ghi hnh cuc biu din; b) Sao chp, phn phi bn gc hoc bn sao bn ghi m, ghi hnh cuc biu din; c) Pht sng hoc truyn theo cch khc cuc biu din n cng chng. iu 746. Ch s hu v ni dung quyn i vi bn ghi m, ghi hnh 1. Quyn i vi bn ghi m, ghi hnh thuc v ngi u t to ra bn ghi m, ghi hnh .

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2. Quyn i vi bn ghi m, ghi hnh bao gm quyn thc hin v cm ngi khc thc hin cc h nh vi sau y: a) Sao chp to n b hoc mt phn bn ghi m, ghi hnh; b) Phn phi, nhp khu bn gc hoc bn sao bn ghi m, ghi hnh; c) Cho thu bn gc hoc bn sao bn ghi m, ghi hnh nhm mc ch thng mi. iu 747. Ch s hu v ni dung quyn i vi cuc pht sng 1. Quyn i vi cuc pht sng thuc v t chc pht sng. 2. Quyn i vi cuc pht sng bao gm quyn thc hin hoc cm ngi khc thc hin cc h nh vi sau y: a) Ghi, sao chp bn ghi; pht sng, pht li mt phn hoc to n b cuc pht sng; b) Phn phi bn ghi hoc bn sao bn ghi cuc pht sng. iu 748. Ch s hu v ni dung quyn i vi tn hiu v tinh mang chng trnh c m ho 1. Quyn i vi tn hiu v tinh mang chng trnh c m ho thuc v ngi u tin pht tn hiu v tinh mang chng trnh c m ho . 2. Quyn i vi tn hiu v tinh mang chng trnh c m ho gm quyn thc hin, cho php hoc cm ngi khc thc hin cc h nh vi sau: a) Sn xut, lp rp, bin i, nhp khu, bn, cho thu thit b hoc h thng nhm mc ch gii m tn hiu v tinh c m ho; b) Thu, phn phi li tn hiu c gii m khi khng c ngi nm gi quyn i vi tn hiu v tinh c m ho cho php. iu 749. Chuyn giao quyn lin quan 1. Cc quyn t i sn thuc quyn lin quan quy nh ti cc iu 745, 746, 747 v 748 ca B lut n y c th c chuyn giao. 2. Vic chuyn giao cc quyn lin quan c thc hin trn c s hp ng bng vn bn. Chng XXXV
Quyn s hu cng nghip v quyn i vi ging cy trng

iu 750. i tng quyn s hu cng nghip v quyn i vi ging cy trng 1. i tng quyn s hu cng nghip bao gm sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, b mt kinh doanh, nh n hiu, tn thng mi, ch dn a l. 2. i tng quyn i vi ging cy trng l vt liu nhn ging v ging cy trng.

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iu 751. Ni dung quyn s hu cng nghip v quyn i vi ging cy trng 1. Quyn s hu cng nghip i vi sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, quyn i vi ging cy trng, bao gm quyn nhn thn v quyn t i sn c quy nh nh sau: a) Quyn nhn thn i vi sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, ging cy trng thuc v ngi trc tip to ra sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, ging cy trng bng lao ng sng to ca mnh, bao gm quyn c ng tn tc gi trong vn bng bo h do Nh nc cp, trong cc t i liu cng b, gii thiu v sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, ging cy trng ; b) Quyn t i sn i vi sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, ging cy trng thuc v ch s hu cc i tng , bao gm quyn s dng, cho php hoc cm ngi khc s dng sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, ging cy trng . 2. Quyn s hu cng nghip i vi b mt kinh doanh thuc v t chc, c nhn c c thng tin to th nh b mt kinh doanh mt cch hp php v thc hin vic bo mt thng tin , bao gm: a) Khai thc, s dng b mt kinh doanh; b) Cho php hoc cm ngi khc tip cn, s dng, tit l b mt kinh doanh. 3. Quyn s hu cng nghip i vi nh n hiu, tn thng mi thuc v ch s hu nh n hiu, tn thng mi , bao gm: a) S dng nh n hiu, tn thng mi trong kinh doanh; b) Cho php hoc cm ngi khc s dng nh n hiu trng hoc tng t n mc gy nhm ln vi nh n hiu ca mnh; cm ngi khc s dng tn thng mi gy nhm ln vi hot ng kinh doanh ca mnh. 4. Quyn s hu ch dn a l thuc v Nh nc. Quyn s dng ch dn a l nhm ch dn xut x, ngun gc ca sn phm thuc v t chc, c nhn p ng cc iu kin do php lut v s hu tr tu quy nh. 5. Quyn chng cnh tranh khng l nh mnh thuc v t chc, c nhn hot ng kinh doanh trong iu kin cnh tranh. iu 752. Cn c xc lp quyn s hu cng nghip v quyn i vi ging cy trng 1. Quyn s hu cng nghip i vi sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, nh n hiu, ch dn a l, quyn i vi ging cy trng c xc lp trn c s quyt nh ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn khi thc hin vic ng k cc i tng theo quy nh ca php lut v s hu tr tu. 2. Quyn s hu cng nghip i vi tn thng mi c xc lp trn c s s dng hp php tn thng mi .

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3. Quyn s hu cng nghip i vi b mt kinh doanh c xc lp trn c s c c thng tin to th nh b mt kinh doanh mt cch hp php v s bo mt thng tin . 4. Quyn chng cnh tranh khng l nh mnh c xc lp trn c s hot ng cnh tranh trong kinh doanh. iu 753. Chuyn giao quyn s hu cng nghip v quyn i vi ging cy trng 1. Quyn s hu cng nghip i vi sng ch, kiu dng cng nghip, thit k b tr mch tch hp bn dn, b mt kinh doanh, nh n hiu, quyn i vi ging cy trng c th c chuyn giao to n b hoc mt phn theo hp ng hoc tha k, k tha. 2. Quyn i vi tn thng mi ch c php chuyn giao cng vi vic chuyn giao to n b c s kinh doanh v hot ng kinh doanh di tn thng mi . 3. Quyn i vi ch dn a l khng c chuyn giao. 4. i vi hp ng chuyn giao quyn s hu cng nghip pht sinh trn c s ng k th ch khi hp ng c ng k mi c gi tr php l i vi ngi th ba. Chng XXXVI
Chuyn giao cng ngh

iu 754. Quyn chuyn giao cng ngh T chc, c nhn sau y c quyn chuyn giao quyn s dng, quyn s hu cng ngh: 1. Ch s hu cng ngh; 2. T chc, c nhn c ch s hu cng ngh cho php chuyn giao quyn s dng, quyn s hu cng ngh. iu 755. i tng chuyn giao cng ngh 1. i tng chuyn giao cng ngh bao gm b quyt k thut; kin thc k thut v cng ngh di dng phng n cng ngh, cc gii php k thut, cng thc, thng s k thut, bn v, s k thut, chng trnh my tnh, thng tin d liu v cng ngh chuyn giao; gii php hp l ho sn xut, i mi cng ngh, cp php c quyn kinh doanh v cc i tng khc do php lut v chuyn giao cng ngh quy nh. 2. Trng hp cng ngh l i tng c bo h quyn s hu tr tu th vic chuyn giao cng ngh phi c thc hin cng vi vic chuyn giao quyn s hu tr tu theo quy nh ca php lut v s hu tr tu. iu 756. Nhng cng ngh khng c chuyn giao 1. Cng ngh khng p ng cc quy nh ca php lut v an to n lao ng, v sinh lao ng, bo m sc kho con ngi, bo v mi trng.

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2. Nhng trng hp khc do php lut quy nh. iu 757. Hp ng chuyn giao cng ngh 1. Vic chuyn giao cng ngh c thc hin trn c s hp ng bng vn bn. 2. Hp ng chuyn giao cng ngh phi c ng k ti c quan nh nc c thm quyn trong trng hp php lut c quy nh. 3. Vic sa i, b sung, gia hn, hu b hp ng chuyn giao cng ngh phi c lp th nh hp ng bng vn bn; i vi hp ng chuyn giao cng ngh quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y, vic sa i, b sung, gia hn, hu b hp ng cng phi c ng k ti c quan nh nc c thm quyn.
PHN TH BY QUAN H DN S C YU T NC NGOI

iu 758. Quan h dn s c yu t nc ngo i Quan h dn s c yu t nc ngo i l quan h dn s c t nht mt trong cc bn tham gia l c quan, t chc, c nhn nc ngo i, ngi Vit Nam nh c nc ngo i hoc l cc quan h dn s gia cc bn tham gia l cng dn, t chc Vit Nam nhng cn c xc lp, thay i, chm dt quan h theo php lut nc ngo i, pht sinh ti nc ngo i hoc t i sn lin quan n quan h nc ngo i. iu 759. p dng php lut dn s Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam, iu c quc t, php lut nc ngo i v tp qun quc t 1. Cc quy nh ca php lut dn s Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam c p dng i vi quan h dn s c yu t nc ngo i, tr trng hp B lut n y c quy nh khc. 2. Trong trng hp iu c quc t m Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l th nh vin c quy nh khc vi quy nh ca B lut n y th p dng quy nh ca iu c quc t . 3. Trong trng hp B lut n y, cc vn bn php lut khc ca Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam hoc iu c quc t m Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l th nh vin dn chiu n vic p dng php lut nc ngo i th php lut ca nc c p dng, nu vic p dng hoc hu qu ca vic p dng khng tri vi cc nguyn tc c bn ca php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam; trng hp php lut nc dn chiu tr li php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam th p dng php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. Php lut nc ngo i cng c p dng trong trng hp cc bn c tho thun trong hp ng, nu s tho thun khng tri vi quy nh ca B lut n y v cc vn bn php lut khc ca Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. 4. Trong trng hp quan h dn s c yu t nc ngo i khng c B lut n y, cc vn bn php lut khc ca Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam, iu

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c quc t m Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l th nh vin hoc hp ng dn s gia cc bn iu chnh th p dng tp qun quc t, nu vic p dng hoc hu qu ca vic p dng khng tri vi cc nguyn tc c bn ca php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 760. Cn c p dng php lut i vi ngi khng quc tch, ngi nc ngo i c hai hay nhiu quc tch nc ngo i 1. Trong trng hp B lut n y hoc cc vn bn php lut khc ca Cng ho x ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam dn chiu n vic p dng php lut ca nc m ngi nc ngo i l cng dn th php lut p dng i vi ngi khng quc tch l php lut ca nc ni ngi c tr; nu ngi khng c ni c tr th p dng php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. 2. Trong trng hp B lut n y hoc cc vn bn php lut khc ca Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam dn chiu n vic p dng php lut ca nc m ngi nc ngo i l cng dn th php lut p dng i vi ngi nc ngo i c hai hay nhiu quc tch nc ngo i l php lut ca nc m ngi c quc tch v c tr v o thi im pht sinh quan h dn s; nu ngi khng c tr ti mt trong cc nc m ngi c quc tch th p dng php lut ca nc m ngi c quc tch v c quan h gn b nht v quyn v ngha v cng dn. iu 761. Nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn l ngi nc ngo i 1. Nng lc php lut dn s ca c nhn l ngi nc ngo i c xc nh theo php lut ca nc m ngi c quc tch. 2. Ngi nc ngo i c nng lc php lut dn s ti Vit Nam nh cng dn Vit Nam, tr trng hp php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam c quy nh khc. iu 762. Nng lc h nh vi dn s ca c nhn l ngi nc ngo i 1. Nng lc h nh vi dn s ca c nhn l ngi nc ngo i c xc nh theo php lut ca nc m ngi l cng dn, tr trng hp php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam c quy nh khc. 2. Trong trng hp ngi nc ngo i xc lp, thc hin cc giao dch dn s ti Vit Nam th nng lc h nh vi dn s ca ngi nc ngo i c xc nh theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 763. Xc nh ngi khng c, mt hoc b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s 1. Vic xc nh ngi khng c nng lc h nh vi dn s, mt nng lc h nh vi dn s hoc b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s phi tun theo php lut ca nc m ngi c quc tch. 2. Trong trng hp ngi nc ngo i c tr ti Vit Nam th vic xc nh ngi khng c, mt hoc b hn ch nng lc h nh vi dn s phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam.

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iu 764. Xc nh ngi mt tch hoc cht 1. Vic xc nh mt ngi mt tch hoc cht phi tun theo php lut ca nc m ngi c quc tch v o thi im trc khi c tin tc cui cng v vic mt tch hoc cht. 2. Trong trng hp ngi nc ngo i c tr ti Vit Nam th vic xc nh ngi mt tch hoc cht phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 765. Nng lc php lut dn s ca php nhn nc ngo i 1. Nng lc php lut dn s ca php nhn nc ngo i c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni php nhn c th nh lp, tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 2 iu n y. 2. Trong trng hp php nhn nc ngo i xc lp, thc hin cc giao dch dn s ti Vit Nam th nng lc php lut dn s ca php nhn c xc nh theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 766. Quyn s hu t i sn 1. Vic xc lp, thc hin, thay i, chm dt quyn s hu t i sn, ni dung quyn s hu i vi t i sn c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni c t i sn , tr trng hp quy nh ti khon 2 v khon 4 iu n y. 2. Quyn s hu i vi ng sn trn ng vn chuyn c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni ng sn c chuyn n, nu khng c tho thun khc. 3. Vic phn bit t i sn l ng sn hoc bt ng sn c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni c t i sn. 4. Vic xc nh quyn s hu i vi t u bay dn dng v t u bin ti Vit Nam phi tun theo php lut v h ng khng dn dng v php lut v h ng hi ca Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 767. Tha k theo php lut c yu t nc ngo i 1. Tha k theo php lut phi tun theo php lut ca nc m ngi li di sn tha k c quc tch trc khi cht. 2. Quyn tha k i vi bt ng sn phi tun theo php lut ca nc ni c bt ng sn . 3. Di sn khng c ngi tha k l bt ng sn thuc v Nh nc ni c bt ng sn . 4. Di sn khng c ngi tha k l ng sn thuc v Nh nc m ngi li di sn tha k c quc tch trc khi cht. iu 768. Tha k theo di chc 1. Nng lc lp di chc, thay i v hu b di chc phi tun theo php lut ca nc m ngi lp di chc l cng dn. 2. Hnh thc ca di chc phi tun theo php lut ca nc ni lp di chc.

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iu 769. Hp ng dn s 1. Quyn v ngha v ca cc bn theo hp ng c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni thc hin hp ng, nu khng c tho thun khc. Hp ng c giao kt ti Vit Nam v thc hin ho n to n ti Vit Nam th phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. Trong trng hp hp ng khng ghi ni thc hin th vic xc nh ni thc hin hp ng phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. 2. Hp ng lin quan n bt ng sn Vit Nam phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 770. Hnh thc ca hp ng dn s 1. Hnh thc ca hp ng phi tun theo php lut ca nc ni giao kt hp ng. Trong trng hp hp ng c giao kt nc ngo i m vi phm quy nh v hnh thc hp ng theo php lut ca nc , nhng khng tri vi quy nh v hnh thc hp ng theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam th hnh thc hp ng c giao kt nc ngo i vn c cng nhn ti Vit Nam. 2. Hnh thc hp ng lin quan n vic xy dng hoc chuyn giao quyn s hu cng trnh, nh ca v cc bt ng sn khc trn l nh th Vit Nam phi tun theo php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 771. Giao kt hp ng dn s vng mt Trong trng hp giao kt hp ng vng mt th vic xc nh ni giao kt hp ng phi tun theo php lut ca nc ni c tr ca c nhn hoc ni c tr s chnh ca php nhn l bn ngh giao kt hp ng. Thi im giao kt hp ng vng mt c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ca bn ngh giao kt hp ng nu bn n y nhn c tr li chp nhn ca bn c ngh giao kt hp ng. iu 772. Giao dch dn s n phng Trong quan h giao dch n phng, quyn v ngha v ca bn t nguyn thc hin quan h giao dch n phng c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni c tr hoc ni c hot ng chnh ca bn . iu 773. Bi thng thit hi ngo i hp ng 1. Vic bi thng thit hi ngo i hp ng c xc nh theo php lut ca nc ni xy ra h nh vi gy thit hi hoc ni pht sinh hu qu thc t ca h nh vi gy thit hi. 2. Vic bi thng thit hi do t u bay, t u bin gy ra khng phn quc t hoc bin c c xc nh theo php lut ca nc m t u bay, t u bin mang quc tch, tr trng hp php lut v h ng khng dn dng v php lut v h ng hi ca Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam c quy nh khc.

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3. Trong trng hp h nh vi gy thit hi xy ra ngo i l nh th nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam m ngi gy thit hi v ngi b thit hi u l cng dn hoc php nhn Vit Nam th p dng php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 774. Quyn tc gi c yu t nc ngo i Quyn tc gi ca ngi nc ngo i, php nhn nc ngo i i vi tc phm ln u tin c cng b, ph bin ti Vit Nam hoc c sng to v th hin di hnh thc nht nh ti Vit Nam c bo h theo quy nh ca php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam v iu c quc t m Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l th nh vin. iu 775. Quyn s hu cng nghip v quyn i vi ging cy trng c yu t nc ngo i Quyn s hu cng nghip, quyn i vi ging cy trng ca ngi nc ngo i, php nhn nc ngo i i vi cc i tng ca quyn s hu cng nghip, i tng ca quyn i vi ging cy trng c Nh nc Vit Nam cp vn bng bo h hoc cng nhn c bo h theo quy nh ca php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam v iu c quc t m Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam l th nh vin. iu 776. Chuyn giao cng ngh c yu t nc ngo i Vic chuyn giao cng ngh gia c nhn, php nhn Vit Nam vi ngi nc ngo i, php nhn nc ngo i, vic chuyn giao cng ngh t nc ngo i v o Vit Nam v t Vit Nam ra nc ngo i, phi tun theo quy nh ca B lut n y, cc vn bn php lut khc ca Vit Nam v chuyn giao cng ngh v iu c quc t m Vit Nam l th nh vin hoc php lut ca nc ngo i, nu vic p dng hoc hu qu ca vic p dng khng tri vi cc nguyn tc c bn ca php lut Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam. iu 777. Thi hiu khi kin Thi hiu khi kin i vi quan h dn s c yu t nc ngo i c xc nh theo php lut ca nc m php lut nc c p dng iu chnh quan h dn s c yu t nc ngo i tng ng. B lut n y c Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam kho XI, k hp th 7 thng qua ng y 14 thng 6 nm 2005.
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