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Bin son v xut bn bi:

D n Cp nc v V sinh tnh Bnh nh, Vit Nam http://duancapnuocvavesinh.wordpress.com Chi cc Bo v Mi trng tnh Bnh nh, Vit Nam

LI NI U
D n Cp nc v V sinh tnh Bnh nh vi mc tiu ci thin iu kin v cht lng cuc sng ca ngi dn trong khu vc d n thuc 6 huyn ca tnh Bnh nh (Hoi Nhn, Ph M, Ph Ct, Tuy Phc, An Nhn v Ty Sn) thng qua vic cung cp c s vt cht t hiu qu c v thy li v nc sch cng nh qun l cht thi rn. Hp phn nng cao nhn thc cng ng l mt trong nhng hp phn chnh ca d n. nng cao kin thc c bn v qun l cht thi rn, d n tin hnh bin son cun ti liu th ba Cch kim tin t rc thi? . Thng qua ti liu ny, ban bin tp mong mun s mang li nhng kin thc c bn cho cng ng v tm quan trng ca rc thi, v quan trng hn l li nhun kim c t rc thi. C th mt s kin thc v khi nim cn kh xa l i vi cng ng, v vy ban bin tp c gng a ra nhng li gii thch n gin, ngn gn thng qua nhng hnh nh sinh ng trc quan hp dn ngi c v gip cho mi ngi hiu v tm quan trng ca k hoch qun l rc thi. Ban bin tp xin chn thnh cm n nhng ngi ng gp kin hon chnh ni dung tp ti liu. Nhn dp ny, Ban bin tp cng xin by t lng bit n n chnh quyn v nhn dn a phng cng tc gip trong thi gian i thc a. Xin chn thnh cm n!

NI DUNG
1. Gii thiu 2. Cch kim tin v tit kim chi ph t rc thi ca bn? 2.1. Rc ti ch v ti s dng 2.2.1. Phn loi rc ti ngun 2.2.2. Cch kim tin v tit kim chi ph t rc ti ch? 2.2. Rc phn hy sinh hc 2.1.1. Phn loi rc ti ngun - Thc n tha - Khng phi thc n tha 2.1.2. Cch kim tin v tit kim chi ph t rc phn hy sinh hc? - Khi qut - Cc m hnh (1) H gia nh v/hoc cng ng c thng vi sinh vt a nhit. (2) M hnh ly thc n tha lm thc n cho heo (3) Sn xut phn vi sinh 3. Kt lun

1. GII THIU
Vit Nam, mi ngy chng ta ang nm tin vo cc thng rc v cc bi cha rc, nhng trong mi loi rc ny c th c ti s dng, ti ch hoc thm ch c bn. Bn s khng nm tin vo thng rc, vy ti sao bn nm nhng vt dng qu gi? Trc nht, chng ta nn tit gim lng rc thi ca chng ta bng cch gim bt s tiu dng, gim bt vic s dng bao b, quan tm hn na v quy trnh sn xut Th hai, chng ta nn phn loi rc thi ca chng ta ti ngun. Hy nhn vo thnh phn rc thi trong thng rc tnh Bnh nh. Nhng cuc nghin cu ca d n v rc sinh hot tnh Bnh nh c th c chia thnh 3 loi chnh: rc phn hy sinh hc, rc khng phn hy sinh hc v rc ti ch.

Rc phn hy sinh hc chim khong 60% s lng cht thi rn Vit Nam, v vy chng ti bin son cun ti liu ny ch yu ni v vic x l rc hu c. Mc khc, Rc khng phn hy sinh hc l loi rc s c mang n bi chn lp hp v sinh. Bn s hi tn tin cho loi rc ny (thng qua ph thu gom v vn chuyn) hn l kim li nhun. V vn ny, chng ta phi gim thiu loi rc ny cng nhiu cng tt. Chng ta phi m bo rng tt c cc loi rc c phn loi ti ngun. Mi loi rc thi cn c x l ring. Phn loi rc thi ti ngun s gim chi ph, bn c th tit kim c tin hoc kim thm tin. l gii php tt cho ring bn (v ti tin ca bn) phn loi rc ca bn ti ngun!

2. CCH KIM TIN T RC CA BN? 2.1. Rc ti ch v ti s dng 2.1.1Phn loi rc ti ngun

Theo cc bc sau: Phn loi rc ti s dng v rc ti ch ti ngun. Phn loi rc ti s dng v rc ti ch. Rc ti s dng l loi rc khng cn qua bt c s x l no v c th s dng li lin, trong khi rc ti ch s cn x l trc khi c bn li nh l mt sn phm mi. Phn loi rc ti ch (giy loi, chai nha hoc chai v l thy tinh)

Giy loi

Chai nha

Chai v l thy tinh

2.2.2 Cch kim tin v tit kim chi ph t rc ti ch?

Ti s dng rc thi

Mt s vt liu c th d dng ti s dng (nh giy in mt mt, chai nha, sa cha dng hng hoc bn qun o c) khng qua x l nhiu hoc cc cng on khc. Bn c th s dng li cc vt liu ny cho chnh bn hoc bn c th bn chng kim thm tin hoc cho bn b v ngi thn ca bn.
Rc ti ch

Vit Nam, kinh doanh rc ti ch l cng vic rt tt bi v cng vic ny kim c tin. Nhng ngi nht ve chai l nhng ngi thu gom rc ti ch v mang chng n cc im thu mua ph liu v cc cng ty ti ch. Trao quyn hnh ng cho nhng ngi nht ve chai, m rng phm vi hot ng v lm tng li nhun ca h, nhiu loi rc thi c th khng c mang n bi chn lp (v nh vy iu ny khin bn tit kim c nhiu chi ph v thu gom v vn chuyn).

Vit Nam, ngi nht ve chai ang thu gom rc ti ch

2.2. Rc phn hy sinh hc 2.1.1. Phn loi rc ti ngun Theo nhng bc sau: Phn loi rc phn hy sinh hc t cc loi rc khc. Phn loi cc thnh phn khc ca rc phn hy sinh hc * Thc n tha * Khng phi thc n tha

Thc n tha
Thc n tha bao gm thc n cn li t cc ba n v nhng th c loi b t nh bp, nh hng v qun c ph. Nhng thc n ny c nu chn v thc n sng.

Khng phi thc n tha

Rc khng phi t thc n tha bao gm loi rc hu c xanh khc c thi ra t h gia nh hoc ch nh cy ci, rc vn, ci, cnh cy, tru

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2.1.2. Cch kim tin v tit kim chi ph t rc phn hy sinh hc? tnh Bnh nh, c mt s phng php hu ch gii quyt rc phn hy sinh hc ca bn. Mi phng php th hin mi loi rc c th. Xem bng di y: Tt c thc n tha, bao gm mt lng nh khng phi thc n tha: H gia nh v/hoc cng ng c thng vi sinh vt a nhit (1) Thc n tha M hnh ly thc n tha lm thc n cho ng vt (2) Khng phi thc n tha Sn xut phn vi sinh (3) (1) H gia nh hoc cng ng c thng vi sinh vt a nhit. L g? Thng vi sinh vt a nhit l thng c lm bng gch vi khi lng v trng lng rc phn hy sinh hc c gim trong qu trnh t nhin (vi khun, nm, u trng hoc trng ). Nhng thng ny c cc l thong kh xung quanh, khi vi khun v nm vi sinh vt a nhit cn kh xy.

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Loi rc thi no? Tt c cc loi rc phn hy sinh hc gm thc n tha (ht, hoa qu, rau c, ht, v, tht gia cm, tht b hoc c), thc n tha trn bn v b hoa. Tuy nhin, ch mt lng nh rc vn (s lng ln s c sn xut phn vi sinh) s b vo thng ny. Nh th no? Thng vi sinh vt a nhit c th c t ti mi h gia nh hoc ti cng ng. N rt d s dng, ch cn khuy u rc trong thng (mt tun mt ln) v lm v sinh mt nm mt ln. Cch lm lu di hn l thu gom rc phn hy sinh hc li, ct nh v em cho trng n. tnh Bnh nh, cc cuc th nghim cho thy rng u trng Rui lnh en (RL) c mt khu vc ny. u trng ny c th lm gim lng rc phn hy sinh hc thng rc ca bn trong thi gian ngn nht. Nhng u trng ny l mt trong nhng loi phm n nht trong th gii t nhin, chng c th lm gim 20 ln trng lng v khi lng ca thc n tha trong vng 24 ting.

u trng rui lnh en tnh Bnh nh

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Nu bn mun bn c th thu gom nhng u trng RL ny. Tuy nhin, vic thu gom u trng RL thng vi sinh vt a nhit c l hi kh. Bn c th t thu gom nhng u trng ny thng sinh hc, thng ny l mt loi thng rc bng nha ln km theo mt ci x nh bn cnh.

Biopod in Quy Nhon

c bit thng sinh hc c lm thu gom u trng RL, khi chng b ra khi thng th ngay lp tc ri vo x nh treo cnh bn. Thng ny rt d s dng, nhng cn m bo rng rc trong thng s c khuy u (mt ngy mt ln) v thng cn c v sinh, lm sch ty theo cch s dng. Nhng u trng RL ny c th c bn cho nhng ngi nng dn hoc nhng ngi nui c, tm, g lm thc n cho chng. Lu : Khng nn thu gom tt c u trng RL, nhng bn s cn mt t u trng duy tr trong thng. Li ch Bn ti s dng rc v khng thi b rc vo cc thng rc Bn gim chi ph cho vic thu gom v vn chuyn rc thi Bn gim lng rc thi chuyn n bi chn lp Bn c th kim tin bng vic bn u trng RL 13

(2) Ly thc n tha lm thc n cho ng vt

L g? Cch tit kim nht gii quyt lng thc n tha l cho ng vt n khi thc n tha ny cn ti. Loi rc thi no? Ch thc n tha c th c s dng nh l thc n cho ng vt. Hn na, thc n tha ny phi cn ti. Nu thc n tha ny bt u c mi thi, khng nn cho ng vt n. Nh th no? trnh vic lan truyn bnh, thc n tha nn c nu chn khong hai ting ng h trc khi cho ng vt n. Nu bn l mt ngi nng dn, bn c th dng thc n tha ny cho ng vt ca bn. Nu khng, bn c th thu gom vi rc ch, rc sinh hot hoc rc nh hng. Li ch? - Nu bn l mt ngi nng dn, thc n tha cho g th r hn thc phm cng nghip. Chng hn, mt trang tri heo cho n thc phm cng nghip th khng c li nhun bi v gi thc phm ny cao, nhng bn dng thc n tha lm thc phm cho heo th bn s c li nhun. - Nu bn khng phi l mt ngi nng dn: bn ti s dng rc v khng thi b rc vo cc thng rc, bn gim chi ph vic thu gom, vn chuyn v gim lng rc thi chuyn n bi chn lp. 14

(3) Sn xut phn vi sinh

L g? Chu s nh hng ca nc, khng kh v sc nng, rc khng phi thc n tha phn hy sinh hc (v mt lng nh thc n tha) c th lm thnh phn vi sinh. Phn vi sinh ny c s dng lm cho t thm mu m. Loi rc thi no? Phn vi sinh c xem l gii php tt nht i vi tt c loi rc khng phi thc n tha phn hy sinh hc nh l cy, c ti, c kh, rc vn, hoa, tro t ci, xc tr, giy vn. Thm na l s lng rc trong nh bp nh rau c, hoa qu khng th n c hoc v trng. Nh tht, xng c khng th lm phn vi sinh. Nh th no? tnh Bnh nh, sn xut phn vi sinh khng xy ra cp h gia nh, bi v trc khi lm phn vi sinh nhiu rc thi phi c ct nh. Mt h gia nh s khng c rc thi mua hoc thu my ct. tnh Bnh nh, cch tt nht gii quyt vic ny l ngi ly nc cm thu gom loi rc ny, ct nh chng ra v lm phn vi sinh vi tm ph Top Tex trong phm vi nh. Li ch Bn ti s dng rc v khng thi b rc vo cc thng rc Bn gim chi ph thu gom v vn chuyn rc thi 15

 Bn gim lng rc thi chuyn n bi chn lp Bn to cho bi c v vn ca bn giu t mn. N gip tng thm cht dinh dng cho cy ca bn v gip gi li m cho t. Bn c th bn phn vi sinh ny.

Lt sn xut phn vi sinh bng tm ph Top Tex

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3. KT LUN
Vit Nam, cht thi rn c chia thnh ba loi chnh: rc phn hy sinh hc, rc khng phn hy sinh hc v rc ti ch. c th lm ra li nhun t rc thi ca bn, rt cn thit phn loi rc thi ca bn ti ngun. Mi loi rc thi s c x l theo tng loi ring. Khng c loi cng ngh no hoc mt php thut no lm c iu ny. Rc phn hy sinh hc chim khong 60% lng rc thi, v vy chng ti bin son cun ti liu ny ch yu ni v vic x l rc thi nhiu cch khc nhau. Nh trn chng ti cp, loi rc thi ny kim rt nhiu tin v/hoc tit kim c chi ph. Ba m hnh c gii thiu trong cun ti liu ny Thng vi sinh vt a nhit, Thng sinh hc, ly thc n tha lm thc n cho ng vt hoc sn xut phn vi sinh c s dng tt tnh Bnh nh. Mi m hnh c im thun li, khng thun li v cch x l ring. Theo nhng bc ny, bn s lm cho thnh ph ca bn sch hn. Trong trng hp bn khng chc chn m hnh no th tt nht cho rc thi ca bn, ng ngi lin h vi chng ti c thm thng tin.

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Rc ca ti, Trch nhim ca ti

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