Introduction to Photoshop 1. What is Photoshop?

Photoshop is an image editing program, which alters images, photos, downloaded icons or scanned artwork. It is creation software which is used by millions of photographers, designers and home users around the globe. 2. What is a pixel? When Photoshop draws a line, the line is converted into little dots, called pixels. 3. What are components in Photoshop? There are five components in Photoshop that you will use while creating or modifying graphics 1. The Menu bar 2. The Drawing Canvas 3. The Tool box 4. Palettes 5. The Status Bar 4. What is a work space? The Grey area in the center is called the workspace and in it you will be able to edit photos and create your images.

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What are palettes? Palettes are essential components of your tool set. Palettes help you define the nature of your tools. 6. What is altering an image?

Altering an image means changing the colors within an image, modifying the size and scale of an image, or putting one picture "within" another. 7. Fill in the blanks 1. Adobe Photoshop is the most popular program for creating and modifying images for the web. 2. The workspace consists of several components that you will use to create your works of art. 3.The File, Edit ,Image Operations will be found in the Menu bar 4.The Photoshop toolbox holds 22 tools that allow you to paint, select, navigate and edit images. 5 Status Bar Provides information regarding the current magnification of the file, file size, active tool, etc. 6 The Status Bar is located at the bottom of the Screen

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What are the file properties? The three file properties are Name, Size and Content.

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What does the Size property include? File size includes Height, Width, Resolution and mode. The three content of the file are: White, Background color and Transparent. What is the default file type of Photoshop? The default file type of Photoshop is .PSD. 5. What should be the content of the file, when it has to be converted in to .GIF file? The Content has to be transparent.

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Three types of selection tools are: 1. Marquee tool Rectangular, Elliptical, Single row and Single Column. 2. Lasso tool Polygonal lasso and Magnetic lasso tool 3. Magic wand tool The Magic Wand is used to select areas of an image based upon color; the Magic Wand does not have additional tools.

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What is the shortcut key to deselect the selection? Ctrl. + D How will you create a new Canvas? File New or Ctrl. + N

Transformations In Photoshop you need to change the size, straighten it, tilt it, reorient the objects (direction) or put something upside down. The transform functions in Photoshop include scaling, rotating, skewing, changing perspective, distorting, and flipping. y Scale changes the size of the image: Rotate rotates the bounding box clockwise (positive angle) or counter-clockwise (negative angle):

Skew makes the image looklike it is leaning. y The top or bottom of the bounding box shifts to the left or right, OR the left or right side of the bounding box shifts up or down. The corner angles of the bounding box change but the opposite sides remain parallel: y Changing perspective makes one part of the image look closer or further away. The corner angles of the bounding box change; one pair of opposite sides stays parallel while the other does not:
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Distort makes the image look oddly twisted. The corner angles of the bounding box change, and no two sides are parallel: Flipping reverses an image. The image can be flipped either horizontally (reversing its left and right sides) or vertically (reversing its top and bottom):

Section 2 Selections Tools The selection tools allow you to select a portion of an image to work on. Photoshops other tools and filters can then be applied to this selected area, altering its color, shape, texture, position and/or other attributes, while leaving the rest of the image untouched. Photoshop contains three types of selection tools: 1.The Marquee Tools 2.The Lasso Tools 3. The Magic Wand 1) Marquee tool: The marquee tools are used to select a specific regularly shaped area There are four types of marquee

 Rectangular marquee rectangular selection.

to make a

 Elliptical marquee (circular) selection.

to make an elliptical

 Single Column

to select a single column

 Single Row to select single row 2. The Lasso Tools The lasso tools are used to select an irregular area. These tools include a) b) The Lasso Tool The Polygonal Lasso Tool

c) The Magnetic Lasso Tool a) The Lasso Tool The lasso is used to select irregular shapes. This requires a steady hand and good eye-hand coordination. You can add to the original selected area by holding down the Shift key and selecting additional parts of the object. To make a selection:  Select the lasso tool or type L

 Click and carefully drag the lasso around the piece of the image you want to select.  When you are close to completely enclosing the selection, you can release the mouse. The two ends automatically join. b) Polygon Lasso Polygon Lasso makes irregular geometric selections. Photoshop inserts a straight line marquee between the points. We can place as many points as necessary. c) Magnetic Lasso This lasso works well with objects that are clearly defined. The marquee will snap to the edges. This tool works by looking for differences in contrast. The Magic Wand is used to select areas of an image based upon color; the Magic Wand does not have additional tools. This tool selects pixels based on color values. By holding the Shift key, you can select more than one area. Its tolerance can be set in the Options palette. Tolerance refers to color sensitivity. The lower the tolerance, the less tolerance the wand has for color differences. The Wand is best used for selecting objects that are primarily one color.

1. Crop Tool: To cut the un-wanted part of an image. 2. Slice tool: to cut the image in to slices. ( to see the out put of this, click on file save for webpages. This will create an image folder on the desktop.)

3. Healing brush tool: Open an image Healing brush tool press alt+left mouse button. Now open either another image or a blank file press left mouse button This will create the same image but as you leave the mouse button it will give different effect to the image. 4. Patch tool: Open an image patch tool Select the part of an image move the selected part and place somewhere on the image. (This helps you to create more patches of the selected part. E.g. Photo album) 5. Clone stamp tool: Open an image Clone stamp tool Alt. +left mouse click Open another image Drag the mouse pointer over the new image. This tool is used to create duplicate image like healing brush tool without any effect. 6. Pattern stamp tool: Open an image for which you want to change the color Pattern stamp tool select the pattern from readymade/preset pattern available.(This is to change the color of an image.)

Section 3 Layer style Layer styles include a variety of lighting effects, textures and overlays. Layer styles are special effects that can be applied to an entire layer To see the layer styles available to you, either pull down the Layer menu and select Layer Style, or click the small button located at the bottom of the Layers palette. Remember that layer styles affect an entire layer. If you have a part of an image that you want to set off from the rest by using a layer style, you must separate that part and put it on its own layer. There are different layer styles like  Outer Shadow  Inner Shadow  Inner Bevel  Pillow Emboss  Outer Glow  Inner Glow  Stroke

 Color Overlay Gradient tool A gradient is a fill consisting of two or more colors blending together. To create a gradient: 1. Click on the Gradient tool. 2. Select your style options. 3. Make your color selections. 4. Indicate which layer you want. 5. Select an area to fill. 6. Draw the gradient.

These buttons represent various gradient styles:

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Linear Radial Angular Reflected Diamond

Airbrush This tool, sprays paint (or pixels) on the canvas. It is like an artists airbrush that uses compressed air to spray paint through an adjustable nozzle. The Airbrush applies paint with diffused edges.

Experiment with different brush sizes and shapes. The longer you hold the Airbrush tool in a single spot, the darker and more saturated a color becomes. Type J to activate the Airbrush or click it in the toolbox.

Foreground and Background Colors The foreground color is the one you use to paint, to fill or to stroke a selection. This is the color currently on our brush or pencil. The background color is the color Photoshop uses when you erase or delete a selected area on the background layer. This is the color of our canvas. The History Palette To display the History palette, choose Window > History, or click the History palette tab. Every step you have made is listed there as a history state. By default, the palette can store up to 20 history states You can use the History palette to jump to any recent state of the image created during the current working session. Each time you apply a change to an image, the new state of that image is added to the palette. You can also use the History palette to delete image states and, in Photoshop, to create a document from a state or snapshot.

Section 4 What are the Blur, Sharpen and Smudge Tools?

With the Blur Tool, you can soften portions of an image. This tool can cause areas of an image to appear as if they were out of focus. The Sharpen Tool is the exact opposite of the Blur Tool. The Sharpen Tool lets you sharpen the edges in portions of an image. The Smudge Tool is like the Blur Tool, but this tool will slide the colors of an image around and blend them together.  Select the Blur, Sharpen, or Smudge Tool from the Toolbox:


On the Options Bar across the top of the screen, select the brush size and type of brush you want to use from the Brush pull-down menu. Also on the Options Bar, adjust the Pressure percentage to between 10-15% (The lower the percentage, the less drastic the effect, allowing you to maintain precise control over the amount of blurring, sharpening, or smudging.)

What are the Burn, Dodge and Sponge Tools?

The Burn Tool darkens an area of an image

The Dodge Tool lightens an area of an image. The Sponge Tool changes the level of saturation of colors for an area of an image.

The Zoom Tool The Zoom Tool allows users to magnify and reduce areas of images. Click the Zoom Tool to zoom in (magnify); press the Alt key and click the Zoom Tool to zoom out. The Hand Tool allows users to slide the image around the Image Area in order to view different sections of the image.

PALETTES Palettes are areas where extra features or settings for tools are found. This is where you can fine-tune the functions of the tools. The Palettes are located under the Window menu. They are
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Navigator Info Color Swatches Styles Layer Channels Paths History

Actions y Character y Paragraph The default layout that is displayed when you first open Photoshop displays 10 out of the 12 available palettes in three floating windows
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Pattern And Rubber Stamp

The clone stamp, and pattern stamp tools are grouped together in the toolbar. .With the clone stamp tool (formerly known as the rubber stamp tool), you can copy, or clone copies of a portion of an image and paint them onto any other part of the image. The size of the area copied depends on the brush size you select from the brushes pop-up menu on the tools options bar. You can use the preset patterns found in the tools options bar, or you can create your own pattern. To make your own, you must first make a rectangular selection and define it as a pattern. With the rectangular marquee tool, select an area in any open image to use as the pattern. Note that the selection (pattern) source image, and destination image must be in the same color mode. With the selection active, choose Edit > Define Pattern. Your new pattern will appear in the pattern pop-up menu in the tools options bar. Filters in photoshop

Photoshop has a wide range of filters that you can use to add special effects to your images. To use a filter: 1) Select the layer to apply the filter to. 2) Pull down the Filter menu. The menu consists of a list of filter types you can choose from. 3) Each menu selection (see picture to the left) represents a family of filters; each has a fly-out menu that allows you to select the specific filter you want. For example, below is the Distort flyout, listing all of the possible distortion effects you can choose from: Point to the desired filter family and click on the specific filter in the fly-out menu. 4) If the filter you specified needs input from you in order to fine-tune the effect, a dialog box will appear, prompting you for your preferences. When you are satisfied, click the OK button. The Selection Menu
ySelect All :draws a selection marquee around the entire picture. yDeselect removes the selection marquee. yReselect replaces the marquee.

yInverse lets you select everything but an object, by selecting the object and then inverting. yFeather lets you make the edge of the selection fuzzy or feathered. This is useful for selecting an object from one picture and pasting it in another. yModify This has a submenu. Border changes the selected area so instead of the whole object, you have only selected a border around it. You can set the width of the border in the dialog box. ySmooth is useful when working with a shaky hand.