Department: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Subject Name Year Degree & Branch

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POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS IV B.E. E.E.E.

Code Semester Section

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EE1003 VIII A&B

Aim:
To cater the students about generation of switching and lightning transients, their propagation, reflection and refraction on the grid and their impact on the grid equipment. Objectives: i. To expose the students to the concepts of generation of switching transients and their control using circuit theoretical concept. ii. To provide adequate knowledge about the mechanism of lightning strokes and the production of lightning surges. iii. iv. To familiarize the propagation, reflection and refraction of travelling waves. To study the impact of voltage transients caused by faults, circuit breaker action, load rejection on integrated power system.

SYLLABUS 1. INTRODUCTION AND SURVEY 5 Source of transients, various types of power systems transients, effect of transients on power systems, importance of study of transients in planning. SWITCHING TRANSIENTS 10 Introduction, circuit closing transients: RL circuit with sine wave drive, double frequency transients, observations in RLC circuit and basic transforms of the RLC circuit. Resistance switching: Equivalent circuit for the resistance switching problems, equivalent circuit for interrupting the resistor current. Load switching: Equivalent circuit, waveforms for transient voltage across the load, switch; normal and abnormal switching transients. Current suppression, current chopping, effective equivalent circuit. Capacitance switching, effect of source regulation, capacitance switching with a restrike, with multiple restrikes, illustration for multiple restriking transients, ferro resonance. LIGHTNING TRANSIENTS 10 Causes of over voltage, lightning phenomenon, charge formation in the clouds, rate of charging of thunder clouds, mechanisms of lighting strokes, characteristics of lightning strokes; factors contributing to good line design, protection afforded by ground wires, tower

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3.

Signature of Faculty 1

Signature of HOD

footing resistance. Interaction between lightning and power system: Mathematical model for lightning. 4. TRAVELLING WAVES ON TRANSMISSION LINE COMPUTATION OF TRANSIENTS 10 Computation of transients: Transient response of systems with series and shunt lumped parameters and distributed lines. Travelling wave concept: step response, Bewelys lattice diagram, standing waves and natural frequencies, reflection and refraction of travelling waves. TRANSIENTS IN INTEGRATED POWER SYSTEM 10 The short line and kilometric fault, distribution of voltage in a power system: Line dropping and load rejection; voltage transients on closing and reclosing lines; over voltage induced by faults; switching surges on integrated system; EMTP for transient computation.

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Text Book(s): 1. Allan Greenwood, Electrical Transients in Power Systems, Wiley Interscience, New York, 2nd edition 1991. 2. R.D.Begamudre, Extra High Voltage AC Transmission Engineering, Wiley Eastern Limited, 1986 Reference Book(s): 1. M.S.Naidu and V.Kamaraju, High Voltage Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd edition, 2000. 2. P.Cowdhuri, Electrical Transients in Power Systems

S.No. Date

Period

Unit

Topic(s) INTRODUCTION AND SURVEY

T/R Book

Book No.

Pages

1 2 3 4 5 I

Source of transients. Types of power system transients Effect of transients on power systems Importance of study of transients in planning. Importance of study of transients in planning. SWITCHING TRANSIENTS Introduction, Circuit closing transients II RL circuit with sine wave drive. Double frequency transients, Observations in RLC circuit and basic transforms of the RLC circuit Equivalent circuit for the resistance switching problems

R R R R R

2 2 2 2 2

1 1 1,2 4 4

6 7 8 9 10

T T T T T

1 1 1 1 1

37 38 52 62,64 80

Signature of Faculty 2

Signature of HOD

S.No. Date 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Period

Unit

Topic(s) Equivalent circuit for interrupting the resistor current. Equivalent circuit, waveforms for transient voltage across the load, switch. Normal and abnormal switching transients. Current suppression, current chopping, effective equivalent circuit. Capacitance switching, effect of source regulation. Capacitance switching with a restrike, with multiple restrikes, Illustration for multiple Restriking transients, ferro resonance. Revision LIGHTNING TRANSIENTS

T/R Book T T T T T T T

Book No. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Pages 81 83 92 92 100,101 103 120

II

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 III

Causes of over voltage, lightning phenomenon, Charge formation in the clouds, rate of charging of thunder clouds, Mechanisms of lighting strokes, Characteristics of lightning strokes; Factors contributing to good line design, Protection afforded by ground wires, tower footing resistance. Interaction between lightning and power system: Mathematical model for lightning. Revision TRAVELLING WAVES ON TRANSMISSION LINE, COMPUTATION OF TRANSIENTS Introduction, Computation of transients. Transient response of systems with series and shunt lumped parameters. Transient response of systems with series and shunt distributed lines. Travelling wave concept in step response. Travelling wave concept in Bewelys lattice diagram.

R R R R R R T R

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

226-7 227-9 230 233 238 239 469 235

28 29 30 31 32

IV

R R R R R

1 1 1 1 1

238 238 240 245 245

IV

Signature of Faculty 3

Signature of HOD

S.No. Date 33 34 35 36 37 38

Period

Unit

Topic(s) Travelling wave concept in Bewelys lattice diagram. Standing waves and natural frequencies. Standing waves and natural frequencies. Reflection and refraction of travelling waves. Reflection and refraction of travelling waves. Revision TRANSIENTS IN INTEGRATED POWER SYSTEM

T/R Book R R R R R

Book No. 1 2 2 1 1

Pages 245 249 249 242 242

39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 V

The short line and kilometric fault. Distribution of voltage in a power system. Line dropping and load rejection. Voltage transients on closing and reclosing lines. Voltage transients on closing and reclosing lines. Over voltage induced by faults. Over voltage induced by faults. Switching surges on integrated system. Switching surges on integrated system. EMTP for transient computation. Revision

R R R R R R R R R R

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

192 193 193 199 199 201 201 203 203 203

Signature of Faculty 4

Signature of HOD