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tcxd 27 : 1991
tcxd 27 : 1991
Cc l|i in, k c l|i in iu khin t xa v iu khin t ng cn phi |c kim tra vi ch khi ng cc cng t in. Cc l|i in chiu sang, khi ch s c cho php gim in p ti 12% tr s in p nh mc.
2. Ph ti v tnh ton. 2.1. Ph ti tnh ton ca ton b cc cn h trong nh PCH tnh theo cng: PCH = Pch x n Trong : Pch - Sut ph ti tnh ton (KW) ca mi cn h, xc nh theo bng 1. n - S cn h trong ngi nh. 2.2. Ph ti tnh ton cho nh (gm ph ti tnh ton cc cn h v cc thit b in lc) PNO tnh theo cng thc: PNO = PCH + 0,9P L Trong : PL - ph ti tnh ton (KW) ca cc thit b in lc trong nh. 2.3. Ph ti tnh ton (KW) ca cc thit b in lc tnh nh| sau: a) Vi cc ng c in my bm, cc thit b thng gi, cp nhit v cc thit b v sinh khc, ly tng cng sut c tnh vi h s cng sut bng 0,8 v h s yu cu nh| sau: 1. Khi s ng c in t 1 n 3 0,8. Khi s ng c in ln hn 3 b) vi cc thang my tnh theo cng thc:
PT KC1nT ( Pn PV Pgi)
Trong : PT - Ph ti tnh ton (KW) ca cc thang my nT - S l|ng cc thang my. Pni Cng sut t (KW) ca cc ng c in ca thang my Pgi cng sut (KW) ca hm in t ca cc kh c iu khin v cc n in trong thang my. PV - H s gin on ca ng c in theo l lch my. Kc - H s yu cu, vi nh xc nh theo bng 2 vi cc cng trnh cng cng theo cc tr s sau y:
S thang my t trong nh T 1 n 2 T 3 n 4 T 4 tr ln H s Kc 1 0,9 0,8 0,6
H s cng sut ca thang my ly bng 0,6 c) Khi xc nh ph ti tnh ton khng tnh cng sut ca cc ng c in d phng, tr tr|ng hp chn kh c bo v v mt ct dy dn. Khi xc nh ph ti tnh
tcxd 27 : 1991
2.4. 2.5.
2.6.
2.7.
ton ca cc ng c in ca thit b cha chy, phi ly h s yu cu bng 1 vi s l|ng ng c bt k. H s cng sut tnh ton l|i in nh ly bng 0,80 n 0,85. Khi thit k l|i in nhm chiu sng cng trnh cng cng nh| khch sn, k tc x, cc phng s dng chung cho ngi nh (gian cu thang, tng hm, tng gip mi) cng nh| cc phng khng dng nh| cc ca hng, gian hng, kho, x|ng, cc x nghip dch v phc v sinh hot i sng, cc phng hnh chnh qun tr phi ly ph ti tnh ton theo tnh ton k thut chiu sng vi h s yu cu bng 1. Ph ti tnh ton ca l|i in cung cp cho cc cm in POC (khi khng c s liu v cc thit b in |c cp in do cc cm ny) vi mng l|i in hai nhm tr ln (nhm chiu sng, nhm cm), tnh theo cng thc sau: POC = 300n (W) Trong : n - S l|ng cm in Ph ti tnh ton u vo cng trnh cng cng phi ly theo tnh ton k thut ca cng trnh. Khi lp lun chng kinh t k thut cng nh| khi thit k k thut dng cc tr s bng 3.
Ch thch: Bng 1
1. Vi s cn h khng nu bng 1, xc nh sut ph ti tnh ton theo ni Bng 1 - Sut ph ti tnh ton ca cn h
Sut ph ti tnh ton ca cn h c im cn h 1 n 3 4 2,5 5 2,48 1,75 10 1,88 1,55 20 1,6 1,25 30 1,4 1,12 40 1,32 1,07 60 1,2 1,05 100 tr ln 1,12 1,02
C bp in C cc loi bp khc
Bng 2 - H s yu cu vi nh c thang my
H s yu cu vi nh c thang my S tng 6 n 7 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 1 1 2 0,85 0,90 0,95 1 1 3 0,70 0,75 0,80 0,85 0,97 4 0,55 0,65 0,70 0,73 0,85 5 0,55 0,60 0,63 0,65 0,75 6 0,45 0,55 0,56 0,58 0,70 7 0,45 0,50 0,52 0,55 0,66 8 0,42 0,45 0,48 0,50 0,60 9 0,40 0,42 0,45 0,47 0,58 10 0,38 0,40 0,42 0,44 0,56
tcxd 27 : 1991
2.8.
2.9.
2. Sut ph ti tnh ton ca cn h tnh c chiu sng in cc khu vc cng cng ca nh (gian cu thang, thang my, tng gip mi, tng k thut, tng hm ). 3. Sut ph ti tnh ton |c vi cn h c tng din tch 24m2. Khi cn h c tng din tch ln hn phi tng sut ph ti tnh ton bng 1 ln 0,5% vi mi m2 din tch gia tng, nh|ng khng |c ln hn 25% tr s nu trong bng 1. 4. Vi cn h c nhiu h gia nh, phi nhn sut ph ti tnh ton vi h s 1,5 khi s gia nh ti 3: vi h s 2 khi s gia nh t 4 tr ln. 5. Trong sut ph ti tnh ton nu bng 1 ch|a tnh n ph ti in lc cng cng ca nh , ph ti in lc ca cc khu vc cng cng ca nh v cch thit b s|i bng in, cc my iu ho kh hu trong cc cn h. Ph ti tnh ton ca l|i in lc cung cp cho cng trnh cng cng Pl (KW) tnh theo cng thc: Pl = Pmax + n1P2 + n2P2 + n3P3 + + niPi Trong : - Cng sut (KW) ca thit b in ln nht. Pmax P1; P2.Pi Cng sut (KW) ca cc thit b in cn li. n; n2ni - S l|ng thit b in cng lm vic ng thi ca mi loi thit b in. Ph ti tnh ton ca l|i in chiu sng v in lc cung cp cho cng trnh cng cng Pcc = 0,9 (Pcs + Pl). Trong : Pcs - Ph ti tnh ton chiu sng ca cng trnh cng cng (KW). Pl - Ph ti tnh ton in lc ca cng trnh cng cng (KW). Bng 3 - Sut ph ti tnh ton v h s cng sut ca mt s cng trnh cng cng.
Loi cng trnh Sut ph ti tnh ton (KW) 2 1,2 0,1 0,15 0,20 0,09 0,10 0,15 0,04 0,15 H s cng sut 3 0,90 0,80 0,85 0,85 0,90 0,85 0,80 0,85 0,80
1 Bnh vin a khoa, KW/gi|ng bnh V|n tr, KW/chu Nh tr, KW/chu V|n tr kt hp vi nh tr, KW/chu Tr|ng ph thng, KW/ch Tr|ng i hc, cao ng, hc vin, trung hc dy ngh,KW/ch Rp chiu bng c iu ho kh hu, KW/ch. Rp chiu bng khng c iu ho kh hu, KW/ch.
tcxd 27 : 1991
0,85 0,85 0,85 0,80 0,80 0,75
3. Trm bin p, thit b u vo, bng (hp, t) in, thit b bo v. 3.1. Cm t trm bin p (TBA) trong hoc st k nh (nh cn h, nh sn v|n, k tc x, nh kiu khch sn), nh bnh nhn v nh iu tr ca bnh vin, nh an d|ng, phng hc v cc phng lm vic khc ca tr|ng hp cc loi k c tr|ng dy ngh, bi d|ng vn ho, nghip v, chnh tr. Vi cc loi cng trnh cng cng khc, cho php t TBA trong nh hoc k st t|ng nh|ng phng phi |c cch m tt v phi m bo yu cu k thut theo tiu chun mc n cho php trong cng trnh cng cng TCXD 175 : 1990. Trm phi c t|ng ngn chy cch ly vi phng k st v phi c li ra trc tip. Trong trm c th t my bin p (MBA) c h thng lm mt bt k. 3.2. Phng t thit b phn phi in p n 1000V m ng|i qun l ca h tiu th ti |c, khng cho php thng vi phng khc ca trm c thit b ang mang in p v phi c ca i ring c kha. 3.3. u vo nh phi t thit b u vo (V) hoc thit b phn phi u vo (PPV). Tr|c khi vo nh, cm t t u cp ring phn chia l|i in bn trong v bn ngoi. Vic phn chia ny phi thc hin PPV hoc thit b phn phi chnh (PPC). u vo hoc PPV phi t cc khi c iu khin v bo v. V hoc PPV c dng in n 25A khng cn t cc kh c iu khin. Khi nhnh r t |ng dy trn khng (DK) vo nh c t kh c bo v c dng in n 25A khi khng phi t V hoc PPV na. Cho php khng t kh c bo v cho u vo ca |ng dy vo nh khi im bt u r nhnh |c bo v hoc khi V hay PPV |c cp in bng |ng dy ring. Trn mi |ng dy ra ca bng (hp, t) phn phi in, nu t kh c bo v c th t mt kh c bo v iu khin chung cho mt s |ng dy ra. Khi phi hp chung V vi bng (hp, t) phn phi in, cho php khng t kh c bo v u vo ca |ng dy vo nh nu kh c bo v t trn on u ca |ng r nhnh. Phi t kh c iu khin u vo ca |ng dy cp in cho cc ca hng, cc x nghip dch v phc v i sng v sinh hot, cc phng hnh chnh. cng nh| cc phng ca cc h tiu th, c bit l cc phng giao dch ca cc c quan x nghip mc du u |ng dy hoc trn nhnh r t |ng dy cung cp t kh c iu khin.
3.4.
3.5.
tcxd 27 : 1991
Khi b tr kh c bo v, ngoi cc yu cu v dng in, cn phi tha mn cc yu cu sau: a) Trong nh v cng trnh cng cng, ti cc bng (t, hp) in phn phi v bng (t, hp) in nhm ch t my ct in h p v cu chy ti dy pha ca l|i in. b) Khi gian cu thang cch bng in trc ng ca khu vc cu thang khng qu 3m v khi bng in ny c cng chc nng vi bng (hp) in cn h v bng (hp) in tng th khng yu cu t bng (hp) in tng ring na. 3.7. Cc V, PPV, PPC phi t phng t bng (t) in hoc t trong cc t (hp) in hoc hc t|ng c kha. nhng ni d b ngp n|c, V v PPC phi |c t cao hn mc n|c ngp cao nht th|ng xy ra. Vi nh khng c gian cu thang, cho php t V trn t|ng pha ngoi nh nh|ng phi c bin php bo v thch ng v khng nh h|ng ti kt cu v m quan ca nh. Cho php t V, PPV v PPC trong cc phng khc, cc tng hm kh ro, hoc trong tng k thut khi ng|i qun l ti |c d dng; hoc trong cc phng ring ca cng trnh c t|ng khng chy vi chu la khng nh hn 0,75 gi. 3.8. Khi t V, PPV v PPC, cc bng (hp, t) phn phi in v cc bng (hp) in nhm, ngoi phng t bng in cn thc hin cc yu cu sau: a) Phi t thit b ch thun tin v d ti thao tc, sa cha, v d gian cu thang, tng hm kh ro b) Phi t cc kh c in trong t (hp) bng kim loi hoc cc hc t|ng, ca c kha, tay iu khin cc kh c ny khng |c th ra ngoi hoc nu c th ra ngoi th phi tho ra |c sau khi vn hnh. 3.9. Cm t bng (hp, t) in d|i hoc trong nh x tm, phng tm, nh bp, ch ra chn tay, phng git, phng c ha cht. Cc |ng ng n|c, ng thng gi, ng hi nng v cc loi hp k thut khc khi i qua phng t bng (t, hp) in, khng |c b tr cc np y, van, mt bch ca thm d, vi, trong phng tr tr|ng hp chnh phng cn ti. Cm t cc ng kh t, ng dn cht chy, i qua phng t bng (t, hp) in. Phng t bng (t, hp) in phi c ca m ra pha ngoi v phi c kha. 3.10. Phng t V, PPV, PPC bng (t, hp) phn phi in phi |c thng gi t nhin v chiu sng in. 4. L|i in trong nh. 4.1. L|i in trong nh phi thc hin theo cc yu cu sau: a) Thit b in ca cc n v khc nha (nh|ng vn trong cng mt nh) cho php |c cp in bng mt nhnh r ring ni vo |ng dy cung cp chung hoc bng mt |ng dy ring t V, PPC hoc PPP (phn phi ph).. |c php cp in cho cc phng khng dng trong nh v cc cn h ca nh bng |ng dy cung cp chung vi iu kin ti ni r nhnh phi c kh c ng ct ring nh|ng phi m bo yu cu cht l|ng in p. b) Mt |ng dy |c php cp in cho mt s on ng. Ring vi nh trn 5 tng, mi on ng phi t kh c ng ct ring ti ch r nhnh.
tcxd 27 : 1991
4.2.
c) Chiu sng cu thang, li i chung, hnh lang v nhng phng khc ngoi phm vi cn h ca nh , phi |c cp in bng cc |ng dy ring t PPC. Cm ly in cho cc khu vc trn t BCH. |ng dy nhm chiu sng trong nh phi |c bo v bng cu chy hoc my ct in h p vi dng in lm vic khng ln hn 25A. |ng dy nhm cp in cho cc n phng kh c cng sut mi bng 125W v ln hn, cc bng n nung sng c cng sut mi bng 500W v ln hn, |c php bo v bng cu chy hoc my ct in h p vi dng in n 63A. mi pha ca |ng dy nhm trong nh khng |c mc qu 20 bng n nung sng, n hunh quang, n thu ngn cao p, n nt t ri, k cc cc cm in. Vi cc |ng dy nhm cp in cho cc n kiu cc-ni, trn sng, mng sng, cng nh| cho cc n lp bng hunh quang, cho php u vo mt pha n 50 bng n, vi |ng dy cp in cho n chm th s bng n trn mt pha khng hn ch. Cho php u vo mi pha cc |ng dy nhm chiu sng cu thang, hnh lang, chiu ngh, tng k thut, tng gip mi n 60 bng nung sng, mi bng c cng sut 60W. Vi bng n c cng sut 10KW v ln hn, cho php u vo mi pha khng qu mt n. on ng cp in cho cn h phi t dc theo gian cu thang v khng |c i qua cc phng. Cho php t |ng dy cp in cho cn h cng vi |ng dy chiu sng lm vic ca gian cu thang hnh lang v cc khu vc chung khc ca nh trong rnh chung, ng (hp) lun dy chung vv bng vt liu khng chy. T bng in tng dn ti BCH phi t trong cc rnh ring, ng (hp) lun dy ring. Cho php cc |ng cung cp cho cn h v |ng dy chiu sng lm vic ca gian cu thang, hnh lang v cc khu vc chung khc ca nh bng mt dy trung tnh nh|ng phi m bo cc quy nh im 4.11. Trong cn h nh nn t hai |ng dy nhm mt pha c lp vi nhau: Mt |ng dy cho n chiu sng chung, mt |ng cho cc dng c in dng cho sinh hot qua cc cm in. |c php cp in cho n v cc cm in bng mt |ng dy nhm chung. Trong cc x nghip th|ng nghip v phc v i sng sinh hot cng cng (ca hng, trung tm th|ng nghip, nh hng. cc ng c in ca cc thit b cng ngh cng nh| cc thit b v sinh c cng sut khng ln (n 3KW) cho php |c cp in bng mt |ng dy nhm chung nh|ng s ng c khng |c ln qu 4. Trong cc tng k thut, tng hm, khng t thit b s|i, cc phng t my thng gi, trm bm n|c, cc phng m |t v c bit m |t, dy dn phi t h. Trong cc phng v sinh x tm, dy dn nn t h v phi dng loi c v bo v hoc cp in. Cm t dy dn c v bo v trong ng thp hoc trong hp kim loi.
4.3.
4.4.
4.5.
4.6.
4.7.
4.8.
tcxd 27 : 1991
Trong nh tr, phng ch bin v gia cng thc n, cng nh| cc phng c yu cu v v sinh hoc v trng nh| khi phng n, phng iu ch huyt thanh |ng dy phi t kn. (Ngm t|ng, d|i lp va trt, trong ng, trong hp). 4.9. Khi l|i in t trong trn treo khng i li |c coi nh| l|i in kn v phi thc hin nh| sau: - Vi trn nh bng vt liu chy, lun trong ng (hp) bng kim loi. - Vi trn nh bng vt liu khng chy hoc kh chy, lun trong (hp) bng cht do hoc dng cp in v dy dn c bo v vi v bng vt liu kh chy. Khi cn phi m bo kh nng thay th sa cha dy dn v cp in. 4.10. Mt ct rut dy dn ca tng on thuc l|i in nh khng |c nh hn cc tr s quy nh bng 4.
Ch thch: Vi l|i in 3 pha 4 dy, khi mt ct dy pha n 16mm2 (ng) v 25mm2 (nhm) th dy trung tnh ca on ng phi c mt ct bng mt ct dy pha. Nu mt ct dy pha ln hn cc tr s trn th mt ct dy trung tnh khng |c nh qu 50% mt ct pha dy pha.
Bng 4
Mt ct nh nht ca rut dy dn (mm2) ng - |ng dy nhm ca l|i in chiu sang, khi khng c cm in. - |ng dy nhm ca l|i in chiu sng c cm in; l|i in ng lc l|i in cung cp cho cc cm in. - |ng dy ti BCH v ng h m in cho mi cn h - on ng trong gian cu thang cp in cho cc cn h thuc khu vc chung gian cu thang 1,5 2,5 4 6 Nhm 2,5 4 6 10
Tn |ng dy
4.11. Khi t |ng dy dn cn phi tun theo cc quy nh ca tiu chun t |ng dy dn trong nh v cng trnh cng cng TCXD 25 : 1991 v quy phm trang b in QT 11 TCXD 18 : 1984. 5. t n in. 5.1. in p cung cp cho cc n in chiu sng chung khng |c qu 380/220V l|i in xoay chiu c trung tnh ni t trc tip v khng qu 220V vi l|i in xoay chiu trung tnh cch ly v in mt chiu. Cp in cho cc n thng th|ng phi dng in p pha khng qu 220V. Vi ni t nguy him cho php dng in p ni trn khi n t c nh v khng ph thuc cao t n. 5.2. Trong cc phng nguy him v rt nguy him, khi dng n in chiu sng vi bng n nung sng, bng n thu ngn cao p, bng n ha-l-gien, kim loi v bng n natri nu cao t n so vi mt sn hoc mt bng lm vic nh hn 2,5m, phi c cc cu to trnh chm phi bng n khi khng dng cc dng c ngh tho m n. Dy in |a vo n phi lun trong ng bng kim loi v
tcxd 27 : 1991
5.3.
5.4.
5.5.
5.6. 5.7.
phi dng cp c v bo v: hoc cp in cho bng nung sng c in p khng qu 42V. Cc yu cu trn khng p dng i vi n t trong cc phng t in cng nh| vi n t nhng ni ch c nhn vin chuyn mn v in s dng. Cho php t n hunh quang vi in p 127-220V cao so vi mt sn nh qu 2,5m khi ngu nhin khng th chm phi cc phn mang in ca n. n chiu sng cc b bng nung sng t c nh trong cc phng t nguy him phi dng in p khng qu 220V; trong cc phng nguy him v rt nguy him khng qu 42V. Khi nhng n ny c cu to c bit v l mt b phn ca h thng chiu sng s c |c cp in t mt ngun in c lp v |c t trong cc phng nguy him (nh|ng khng rt nguy him) cho php dng vi in p n 220V. Cho php dng n hunh quang in p 127-220V chiu sng cc b khi ngu nhin khng th chm phi cc phn mang in ca n. Ch cho php dng n hunh quang c cu to c bit chiu sng cc b trong cc phng m, rt m nng v c mi tr|ng hot tnh. in p cung cp cho cc n chiu sng cc b di ng quy nh nh| sau: a) Vi cc loi n cm tay, cm dng in p cao hn hn 42V trong cc phng nguy him v rt nguy him. Khi ng|i lm vic trong cc iu kin c bit bt li, nh| ch lm vic cht chi d b chm vo nhng b mt kim loi ln c ni t phi dng in p khng qu 12V. b) Vi cc n di ng c mc treo, n bn, trn sn nh |c php dng in p bng in p ca n chiu sng cc b t c nh (iu 5-3). Trong cc phng nguy him v rt nguy him, nhng n dng vi nhng in p khc nhau phi c cc k hiu hoc hnh thc khc nhau d phn bit. cc phng v sinh x tm ca cn h nn t cc n t|ng pha trn ca i. Trong phng tm ca cc nh ngh khc sn phi t n trn g|ng soi v phi ph hp vi quy nh iu 5-10. Trong cc phng ca nh cn h, nh c sn v|n, nh kiu khch sn, nh ngh, cng nh| mt s phng ca cc cng trnh cng cng c din tch sn ln hn 18m nn t nhiu bng v bt tt |c tng cm hoc tng bng mt. cc li chnh vo nh, phi t n chiu sng nhm m bo ri quy nh trn sn bi, li i v trn cc bc thang dn vo nh theo tiu chun chiu sng nhn to trong cng trnh dn dng TCXD 16 : 1986.
5.8.
5.9.
5.10. cc phng tm, phng tm h|ng sen, phng v sinh ca nh , phi dng cc loi n m phn v ngoi bng vt liu cch in. Khi n nung sng t trong cc phng ny cao t 2,5m tr xung phi dng loi c ui t su trong n v phi c cu to ring tng c|ng an ton cho ng|i s dng. Trong cc phng ni trn, khng quy nh cao t n hunh quang kiu chng m |t, nu ng|i dng khng ngu nhin chm phi cc phn mang in ca n. 5.11. Cc cu kin, ph tng ca n nung sng phi |c lm bng vt liu kh chy. Cho php dng cc vt liu d chy lm cu kin n nh|ng phi t xa ngun sng. Cc b phn phn x v tn x ca n loi h |c php m bo nhit vi, la, my tre, cht do hoc cc vt liu t|ng t nh|ng phi m bo nhit l|ng do n ta ra khng lm tng nhit khng kh xung quanh n 500C.
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i vi n hunh quang, cho php dng nhng cu kin ph tng vt liu d chy nh|ng phi t xa ngun sng t nht l 15mm. 5.12. Mc treo n t trn nh phi |c cch in bng ng nha, ghen nha hoc bng cc vt liu cch in t|ng t. Yu cu ny khng ra khi mc bt vo trn g hoc khi mc c yu cu ni khng. Mc treo n trong cc cng trnh cng cng, tr tr|ng hp c bit phi c kch th|c sau y: |ng knh bn ngoi ca na vng mc l 35mm. Khong cch t trn nh n ch bt u mc l 2mm. Mc |c lm bng thp trn |ng knh 6mm. 5.13. Kt cu treo n phi chu ti trng gp 5 ln khi l|ng n trong 10 pht m khng b hng v bin dng. Vi cc cng trnh cng cng, tr cc tr|ng hp c bit phi tnh khi l|ng n l 15kg. 5.14. Trong cc nh , nn t h thng n chiu sng cu thang iu khin bng cng tc t ng c duy tr thi gian ng|i i ln n tng trn. Chiu sng cc cu thang tng mt, cc tiu snh, v cc li vo nh, cc cng vo nh phi |c duy tr sut m khng ph thuc v h thng iu khin chiu sng cu thang tng ang s dng. 5.15. Ging thang my cng nh| phng my, phng trn ging thang my v sn tr|c cc ca vo thang my, li i vo hnh lang dn ti thang my, ti phng trn ging thang my v ti y thang my phi t cc n c bng nung sng liu bao che t|ng t, khng nht thit phi t cc n ni trn bn ngoi ging c chiu sng nhn to bo m |c ri cn thit cho bn trong ging thang my. 5.16. Cc n in v ph tng ca chng phi t sao cho c th bo d|ng d dng v an ton bng cc ph|ng tin v bin php k thut thng th|ng. Khi yu cu ny khng thc hin |c, phi d kin nhng thit b ring nh| thang gp, chi di ng Ch cho php dng nhng thang thng th|ng khi n t cch sn khng qu 5m. 6. t thit b in trong nh. 6.1. Cc thit b in t trong nh phi |c chn ph hp vi in p ca mng l|i in cung cp, tnh cht mi tr|ng v yu cu s dng. 6.2. Trong mi phng ca nh cn h, nh c sn v|n, nh kiu khch sn, k tc x, phng lm vic vv . phi t t nht mt cm in. 6.3. Trong bp hoc trong phng n ca nh cn h, nh c sn v|n, nh kiu khch sn, k tc x, phi t t nht mt cm in 10A. 6.4. Cm t cm in trong cc phng v sinh, x tm. Ring trong cc phng tm ca nh cn h, nh c sn v|n nh kiu khch sn, nh ngh vv. cho php t cm in nh|ng cm in ny phi |c cp in qua my bin p cch ly. 6.5. Trong cc tr|ng hc ph thng c s, tr|ng mu gio, nh tr v cc ni dnh cho thiu nhi s dng, cm in phi t cao cch sn 1,7m. Trong cc phng ca nh cc loi, cm in phi t cao cch sn 1,5m. Trong cc phng cu cc cng trnh cng cng, cm in t cao cch sn t 0,4 n 0,5m tu thuc cc yu cu k tht, yu cu s dng v b tr ni tht 6.6. Trong cc ca hng, nh hng, x nghip dch v th|ng nghip v cng cng cc cng tc n chiu sng lm vic, chiu sng s c v phn tn ng|i trong cc gian
tcxd 27 : 1991
hng, phng n v cc phng ng ng|i phi t cc ni ch c ng|i qun l ti |c. 6.7. Cng tc n phi t t|ng, gn ca ra vo (pha tay nm ca cnh ca) cao cch sn 1,5m. Trong cc tr|ng hc ph thng c s, tr|ng mu gio, nh tr, v|n tr v cc ni dnh cho thiu nhi s dng, cng tc n phi t cch sn 1,7m. 6.8. Trong nh cn h, nh c sn v|n, nh kiu khch sn, cng nh| trong cc cng trnh cng cng cho php dng chung in p pha 220V nh|ng phi ph hp vi mi tr|ng xy dng. 6.9. ng c in dng chung cho cc nh cc loi v cng trnh cng cng (bm n|c, qut thng gi, thang my) v cc kh c bo v iu khin ca chung, phi b tr ni ch c ng|i qun l ti |c. Cn cc nt bm iu khin thang my, iu khin cc h thng cha chy, thng gi, bm n|c phi t ch vn hnh thun tin v phi c nhn ghi d phn bit. 6.10. Mt |ng dy ch cp in cho khng qu 4 thng my t cc gian cu thang khc nhau. Khi mt gian cu thang c t 2 thang my tr ln v c cng tnh cht s dng, phi cp in t nhng |ng dy khc nhau trc tip t PPV hoc PPC, Khi s thang my u vo mi |ng dy khng hn ch. 6.11. Mch iu khin ng c in ca my bm n|c vo b cha (thng cha) nn c thit b t ng iu chnh mc n|c. in p ca mch cm bin do mc n|c b cha (thng cha) khng |c qu 42V. 6.12. ng c in ca bm cha chy phi |c cp in theo tin cy cung cp in (ph lc 2). Khi khng c ng c in d phng, ng c in ca my bm cha chy lm vic phi |c cp in bng 2 |ng dy, mt trong hai |ng dy ny phi ni trc tip vi bng phn phi in ca TBA, PPV hoc PPC. Vic chuyn mch t |ng dy ny sang |ng dy khc c th thc hin bng tay hoc t ng. 6.13. mi hng cha chy, phi t nt bm ng in cho bm n|c cha chy. Trn |ng ng n|c cha chy nu khng c nhnh ti hang cp n|c phi t r le dng n|c hoc r le p lc t ng ng in cho bm n|c cha chy khi m mt trong nhng hang cha chy . Khi iu khin t xa bm n|c cha chy, ti ni iu khin ch t hp nt bt ng in, cn ti ni t my bm phi t c hp nt bm ng v ct in 6.14. Cho php t ng c in tng gip mi nh|ng khng |c t trn cc phng , phng lm vic v phi tun theo cc yu cu ca tiu chun mc n cho php trong cc cng trnh cng cng TCXD 175 : 1990. 6.15. ng c in t trong nh v cng trnh cng cng phi dng kiu kn. ng c in kiu h v kiu bo v ch cho php t gian ring, c t|ng, trn v sn nh bng vt liu khng chy, b tr cch cc b phn chy |c cu nh t nht l 0,5m. 6.16. Phi b tr cc kh c ng ct mch in gn ng c in m bo sa cha ng c |c an ton. 7. t ng h m in. 7.1. Mi cn h nh t phi t mt ng h m in mt pha t 5 n 20A.
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7.2. 7.3.
7.4. 7.5.
7.6. 7.7.
7.8.
7.9. 7.10.
7.11. 7.12.
Vi cn h c yu cu c bit hoc c ti ln hn 20A cho php t mt ng h m in 3 pha hoc mt s ng h m in mt pha. Trong cc cng trnh cng cng c nhng h tiu th in khng cng mt n v hnh chnh, phi t ring mi h mt ng h m in. ng h m in dng chung cho nh chiu sng gian cu thang, hnh lang, hoc cc my bm n|c chung cho ton nh phi t trong t bng ca V, PPV hoc PPC nh|ng phi m bo kim tra v chi ch s in |c d dng. Khi cp in cho cc cng trnh cha chy ly t bng (t) in c lp, th ti bng (t) in ny phi t ng h m in ring tnh in nng tiu th. Khi TBA xy dng trong hoc k st nh v cng trnh, v cng sut ca trm hon ton dng cho nh ny nu khng tr ngi cho vic thanh ton tin in cng nh| vic ghi ch s in th cho php t ng h m in u vo ca my bin p ti bng (t) in h p ng thi dng chung lm PPV ca nh. PPV v cc ng h m in cho cc h thu nh khc nhau trong cng mt nh, cho php t trong cng mt phng. ng h m in ca cn h phi t chung vi cc kh c bo v (cu chy, my ct in h p) trong cng mt hp (bng) in. ng h m in ca mi cn h phi t BCH ca cn h nu l nh mt cn h; ti khu vc cu thang, hnh lang, bng (hp) in tng nu l nh nhiu cn h. Khi ng h m in t ti cc khu vc cu thang, hnh lang phi t trong cc hp bng kim loi dy t nht 1mm, phi c kha v phi c cu to chng b tho g trm. Hp ny phi c cc ca s vi kch th|c khong 1,5 x 4cm c cc ch s ca ng h v phi ghi tn h hoc tn phng s dng. Khi ng h m in t trong cc bng (hp) in phi b tr cao 1,5m tnh t tim bng (hp) n mt sn nh. Khi ng h m in t h th phi b tr cao 1,5m tnh t hp u dy ca ng h m in ti mt sn v phi m bo khng b va chm hoc b tho g trm. Khi chn cc ng h m in phi tnh ti kh nng chu qu ti cho php ca n. Khi c bo v phi b tr sau ng h m in v phi t cng gn cng tt v khng |c xa qu 10m tnh theo chiu di |ng dy. Khi ng h m in c mt s |ng dy ra c kh c bo v th khng cn t kh c bo v chung sau ng h m in na. ng h m in phi t ch kh ro, khng c nhit cao, khng b ht m|a nng v phi thun tin cho vic kim tra sa cha v c ch s ca ng h. T ch n in vo nh ti ng h m in (con sn n in, ct u nh) phi dng cp bc cao su, bc cht do, bc ch hoc lun trong ng bng kim loi (ng thp hoc ng bng tn cun.).
7.13.
u vo nh, nu do yu cu khai thc h thng thit b in, cho php t ampemt v vn mt c chuyn mch kim tra dng in v in p mi pha. 7.14. Trong cng trnh cng cng, vi |ng dy cp in cho ph ti chiu sng v ng lc phi t cho mi pha ca |ng dy mt am pe mt khi ph ti chiu sng ln hn 40% ph ti chung (chiu sng v ng lc). 8. Ni t, ni khng.
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8.2.
8.6.
8.7.
Cc thit b in ca nh v cng trnh cng cng phi |c ni t, ni khng theo yu cu quy phm ni t cc thit b in TCVN 4756 : 1989 v quy phm trang b in QT 11 RCXD 18 : 1984. Trong cc phng , nh bp, nh tn, x ca nh cc loi, cc phng ca khch sn, khng nht thit phi ni t v kim loi ca n in t c nh ca dng in cm tay (bn l, m un n|c, my ht bi) v di ng (bp in, my khu chy in, bm n|c). Trong cc phng ni trn ch ni t v kim loi ca dng in t c nh cng nh| ng kim loi lun dy in dn ti chng. Trong nh tm cng cng, bung tm cc loi nh v cng trnh cng cng, v kim loi ca bn tm phi c dy kim loi ni vi ng dn n|c bng kim loi. Trong cc phng c trn treo, c cc kt cu bng kim loi phi ni khng c kim loi cc n in treo hoc t ngm trong trn nh ny. Trong cc phng lm vic v phng phc v khc ca cng trnh cng cng, cc phng ca khc sn, nh cn h, k tc x, nh c sn v|n khi c cc l s|i bng hi n|c nng v c cc kt cu kim loi khc th phi ni khng cho v kim loi ca cc thit b dng in di ng hoc cm tay. cc phng ny, khi sn khng dn in v khi khng c cc |ng ng dn bng kim loi, h thng s|i bng hi n|c nng v cc kt cu kim loi khc cng nh| khi t kn, khng yu cu ni khng v kim loi ca cc thit b in di ng hoc cm tay. ni khng v kim loi ca cc thit b in dng mt pha trong cc nh v cng trnh cng cng cn phi t cc dy ring theo ph|ng thng ng i qua PPC, PPP, BV v BCH. Mt ct ca cc dy dn ny phi bng mt ct in (v pha u vo) v sn kh c iu khin v bo v. (Nu ng kh c ny). Cm s dng lm dy ni t hay ni khng v kim loi ca cc ng bng kim loi mng c ni ghp bng gp mp, cc ng ni bng kim loi cng nh| v ch ca cp in, cc |ng ng dn bng kim loi (ng dn n|c nhin liu, kh t, hi n|c nng, cc ng thng gi, ng x) lm dy ni t hay ni khng.
tcxd 27 : 1991
2. 3.
4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
14.
Thit b u vo (V) l tp hp ca cc kt cu, thit b v kh c in t u |ng dy cung cp in vo nh hoc vo mt phn nh. Thit b phn phi u vo (PPV) l tp hp cc kt cu, thit b v kh c t u |ng dy cung cp in vo nh hoc vo mt phn nh, cng nh| t u |ng dy t V ra. Bng (hp, t) phn phi chnh (PPC) l bng (hp, t) dng cp in nng cho nh hoc phn nh. C th dng PPV l bng (hp, t) in h p ca trm PPC. Bng (hp, t) phn phi ph (PPP) l bng (hp, t) phn phi nhn in nng t PPC hoc PPV v phn phi ti cc bng (hp, t) in nhm v cc in phn phi ca nh. im phn phi, bng (hp, t) in nhm l cc im (hp, t) in c t cc kh c bo v v chuyn hon cc dng in t ring l hoc tng nhm. (ng c in, n in.). Bng (hp) in cn h (BCH) l bng (hp) in nhm t trong cn h hoc ti gian cu thang hnh lang mi tng u vi l|i in nhm cn h. Bng (hp, t) in tng (BT) l bng (hp, t) in nhm t mi tng cp in cho cc BCH v t gian cu thang, hnh lang mi tng. Tr|ng hp BT ch c cc ng h m in v cc kh cc bo v t |ng dy ra ca cc ng h ny th BT cn gi l bng (hp, t) ng h m in (BH). Phng t bng (t) in m phng l ca c kha, trong t V, PPV, PPP v ch c ng|i qun l ti |c. L|i in cung cp l cc |ng dy t h thng phn phi ca TBA hoc cc nhnh r t |ng dy truyn ti in n PPV cng nh| t PPV ti PPC, PPP v ti im phn phi hoc cc bng (hp, t) in nhm. L|i in nhm l cc |ng dy cung cp cho cc n, cc cm. L|i in phn phi l cc |ng dy cung cp cho cc thit b in lc. on ng l l on l|i in t thng ng cung cp cho cc tng nh v t trong nh . |ng dy t h l |ng dy t trn mt t|ng, trn nh, theo dm, v ko hoc cc kt cu xy dng ca nh v cng trnh, hoc treo trn ct |ng dy t kn l |ng dy t bn trong cc phn xy dng ca nh (trong t|ng, trn, sn, d|i lp va trt t|ng, trt trn, d|i lp lng sn, gch lt sn, hoc cc lp lt sn bng cc loi vt liu khc) cng nh| trong cc cu kin xy dng ca sn, trn nh hoc t|ng nh cc loi vt liu khc) cng nh| trong cu kin xy dng ca sn, trn nh hoc t|ng nh. H s yu cu v ph ti Kc l t s gia cng sut tnh ton PM vi cng sut t ca cc thit b tiu th in PH.
PM PH
Kc
tcxd 27 : 1991
15. H s ng thi v ph ti K cc i. K ca cc thit b tiu th in l t s gia tng cng sut tnh ton PM ca cc thit b tiu th in vi tng cng sut tnh ton cc i pmi ca cc thit b tiu th in.
PM PM i
Tn h v thit b tiu th in
Ghi ch
5. K tc x vi s ng|i trn 200 II. Khch sn v nh ngh 1. Khch sn, nh ngh, m ten, vi s ng|i n 200
+ + nt
tcxd 27 : 1991
+ + + + nt
+ + + +
+ + + + + + +
2 + +
4 +
tcxd 27 : 1991
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + +
tcxd 27 : 1991
+
+ + +
+ +
Ph lc3 Tn tht in p trn tng on ca l|i in trong nh Tn tht in p (%) khi s n nguyn 1 1 - |ng dy cp in bn ngoi di n 100 m 2 4 n 9 10 12 13 16 4 n 9 10 12 13 16 4 n 9 10 12 13 16 4 n 9 10 12 13 16 4 n 9 10 12 13 16 3 1,4 n 1,5 1,8 1,6 2,2 1,7 5,1 n 4,9 5,0 4,8 4,9 4,6 0,3 n 0,2 0,4 0,3 0,4 0,3 0,3 n 0,1 0,4 0,2 0,5 0,3 0,9 n 0,7 1,0 0,8 1,0 0,8 2 n 8 4 1,8 n 1,6 2,0 1,7 2,2 1,8 4,3 n 3,6 3,9 3,3 3,5 3,0 1,4 n 0,9 1,6 1,2 1,8 1,5 0,5 n 0,3 0,6 0,4 0,7 0,5 0,9 n 0,7 1,0 0,8 1,0 0,8
Cc on ca l|i in
S tng nh
- on ng
- L|i in nhm cn h
tcxd 27 : 1991