MC LC

DANH MC CC THUT NG VIT TT

BOD5 CBCNV CHXHCN COD CTCC CTNH DO EC T TM MPN NTU PCCC Pt Co - Nhu cu oxy sinh ha o 200C o trong 5 ngy - Cn b cng nhn vin - Cng ha x hi ch ngha - Nhu cu oxy ha hc - Cng trnh cng cng - Cht thi nguy hi - xy ha tan - dn in - ng tnh - nh gi tc ng mi trng - S ln nht c th m c (phng php xc nh vi sinh) - n v o c - Phng chy cha chy - n v o mu (thang mu Pt Co)

QCVN
SS TCVN UBND WB WHO VOC XD XLNT

- Quy chun Vit Nam

- Cht rn l lng - Tiu chun Vit Nam - y ban Nhn dn - Ngn hng th gii - T chc Y t Th gii - Cht hu c bay hi - Xy dng - X l nc thi

M U
1. Xut x ca D n a) Tm tt xut x ca D n

Cng vi s pht trin v nh hng pht trin kinh t x hi ca c nc trong giai on cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc. Bnh Dng l tnh c s thu ht u t mnh m trong v ngoi nc vi nhiu loi hnh kinh t sn xut, kinh doanh, dch v mang li hiu qu kinh t cao cho tnh nh. Kinh t ngy cng pht trin i sng ca ngi dn ngy cng nng cao, nhu cu s dng nhng sn phm tin dng ngy cng tng, c bit l cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng. T nhng yu cu th trng v kh nng nguyn liu di do phong ph (nhp khu nc ngoi v trong nc), ngnh sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng xut khu khng nhng m rng m cn chuyn hng a dng cc mt hng, nng cao cht lng to ra cc sn phm c gi tr cao, tng bc chuyn cc mt hng truyn thng nh hin nay sang xut khu mt hng cao cp tm kim th trng mi, xut khu ra cc nc trn th gii. Trc nhng thun li , Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng tin hnh u t Nh my sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng cng sut 120.000 sn phm/nm ti KCN Sng Thn 2 nhm sn xut ra cc mt hng cht lng cao vi mu m p v hin i, tng cng sc cnh tranh, gia tng th phn ca Cng ty trn th trng khu vc v quc t. Chp hnh Lut bo v mi trng do Quc hi Nc Cng ha X hi Ch ngha Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005; Ngh nh s 29/2011/N CP ngy 18/04/2011 ca Chnh ph v quy nh nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng, cam kt bo v mi trng. Thng t s 05/2008/TT BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng. D n phi lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng trnh Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng thm nh, ph duyt.
b) C quan, t chc c thm quyn ph duyt D n u t

Cn c theo Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005, Ngh nh s 108/2006/N CP ngy
3

22/09/2006 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut u t; Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003; Ngh nh 12/2009/N CP ngy 10/02/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh; Ngh nh s 29/2008/N CP ngy 14/03/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh v KCN, khu ch xut v khu kinh t; Thng t 08/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng quy nh qun l v bo v mi trng khu kinh t, khu cng ngh cao, khu cng nghip v cm cng nghip; Quyt nh s 751/TTg ngy 15/11/1995 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic thnh lp Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng; Quyt nh s 19/2008/Q UBND ngy 12/06/2008 ca UBND tnh Bnh Dng v vic quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca Ban qun l cc Khu cng nghip Bnh Dng. Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng phi lp D n u t trnh Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Bnh Dng thm nh, ph duyt. 2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM)
2.1. Cn c php lut v vn bn k thut

Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005; Lut t ai s 13/2003/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 26/11/2003; Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003; Lut Ti nguyn nc s 08/1998/QH10 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 20/05/1998 v Ch tch nc CHXHCN Vit Nam k lnh cng b ngy 01/06/1998;

Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005; Lut Ha cht s 06/2007/QH12 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 21 thng 11 nm 2007;

Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut ngy 29 thng 06 nm 2006;

Lut Phng chy cha chy do Quc hi nc Cng ha X hi Ch ngha Vit Nam ban hnh ngy 29/06/2001;
4

Ngh nh s 43/2010/N CP ngy 15/04/2010 ca Chnh ph v ng k kinh doanh; Ngh nh s 80/2006/N CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic Quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v Mi trng;

Ngh nh s 21/2008/N CP ngy 28/2/2008 ca Chnh ph v Sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N CP ngy 09 thng 08 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng;

Ngh nh s 29/2011/N CP ngy 18/04/2011 ca Chnh ph v quy nh v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng, cam kt bo v mi trng;

Ngh nh s 108/2008/N CP ngy 07/10/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn mt s iu ca Lut Ha cht 2007; Ngh nh s 90/2009/N CP ngy 20/10/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong hot ng ho cht; Ngh nh s 59/2007/N CP ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn ban hnh ngy 09/04/2007; Ngh nh s 174/2007/N CP ngy 29/11/2007 ca Chnh ph v ph bo v mi trng i vi cht thi rn;

Ngh nh s 117/2009/N CP ngy 31/12/2009 ca Chnh ph v x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng;

Ngh nh s 88/2007/N CP ngy 28/5/2007 ca Chnh ph quy nh v thot nc th v khu cng nghip; Ngh nh s 29/2008/N CP ngy 14/3/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh v khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu kinh t;

Thng t s 09/2009/TT BXD ngy 21/5/2009 quy nh chi tit thc hin mt s ni dung ca Ngh nh s 88/2007/N CP ngy 28/5/2007 ca Chnh ph v thot nc th v khu cng nghip; Thng t s 05/2008/TT BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;
5

Thng t s 08/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng quy nh qun l v bo v mi trng khu kinh t, khu cng ngh cao, khu cng nghip v cm cng nghip;

Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v qun l cht thi nguy hi;

Thng t s 04/2009/TT BYT ngy 17 thng 06 nm 2009 v vic Ban hnh quy chun k thut v cht lng nc n ung; Thng t s 05/2009/TT BYT ngy 17 thng 06 nm 2009 v vic Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc sinh hot; Thng t s 16/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 07 thng 10 nm 2009 v vic Quy nh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng; Thng t s 25/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 16 thng 11 nm 2009 v vic Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Thng t s 39/2010/TT BTNMT ngy 16 thng 12 nm 2010 v vic Quy nh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B trng B Y t v vic Ban hnh 21 tiu chun v sinh lao ng, 05 nguyn tc v 07 thng s v sinh lao ng; Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng; Quyt nh s 04/2008/Q BTNMT ngy 18 thng 07 nm 2008 v vic Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng; Quyt nh s 16/2008/Q BTNMT ngy 31 thng 12 nm 2008 v vic Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Quyt nh s 751/TTg ngy 15/11/1995 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic thnh lp Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng; Quyt nh s 19/2008/Q UBND ngy 12/06/2008 ca UBND tnh Bnh Dng v vic Ban hnh quy nh chc nng nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng;

2.2. Tiu chun, quy chun p dng

TCVSL 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 : Cht lng mi trng khng kh trong khu vc sn xut. QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc sinh hot. QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. QCVN 06 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanh. QCVN 07 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ngng cht thi nguy hi. QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c. QCVN 20 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi mt s cht hu c.
QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi

cng nghip.
QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.

2.3. Ngun ti liu v d liu tham kho

Cc ti liu k thut ca T chc Y t Th gii (WHO) v Ngn hng

Th gii (WB) v xy dng Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.

Trn Ngc Chn. nhim khng kh v x l kh thi. Nh xut bn

khoa hc k thut, H Ni 3/2001.

Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, Part 1 : Rapid

Inventory techniques in Environmental Pollution, WHO, Geneva 1993.

Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, Part 2 :

Approaches for consideration in fomulating Environmental control strategies, WHO, Geneva 1993.
Standard methods for water and waste water examination, New York,

1989.

 WHO (1979), Sulphur oxides and suspended particulate matter.

Environmental

Health

Criteria

Document

No.8,

World

health

Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Water Resources Engineering. Mc Graw Hill International Editions; Air pollution control engineering. Noel De nevers. Mc Graw Hill

International Editions.
Society of automotive engineers. Exterior sound level measurement

procedue for powered mobile construction equipment SAE recommended practice J188a, 1976.
Society of automotive engineers. Exterior sound level for engine

powered equipment SAE recommended practice J188a, 1976.

US. Department of transportation, Federal Highway Administration

FHWA roadway construction noise model users guide. FHWA HEP 05 054, January 2006.

Cc Website : http://www.nea.gov.vn.
D n u t ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng.

2.4. Ngun ti liu, d liu do Ch d n to lp

3. Cc phng php s dng trong qu trnh nh gi tc ng mi trng Thc hin bo co TM cho d n, Chng ti kt hp nhiu phng php khc nhau. Bi v, mi phng php u c nhng u nhc im ring, khi kt hp li s gip cho qu trnh nh gi cc tc ng mi trng pht sinh trong qu trnh trin khai i vo hot ng ca d n. T , Chng ti c th nhn din v nh gi ton din cc tc ng c th xy ra. C th, cc phng php s dng trong qu trnh thc hin TM v lp bo co TM bao gm :
3.1. Phng php nhn dng

M t h thng mi trng. Xc nh cc thnh phn ca d n nh hng n mi trng.

Nhn dng y cc dng thi, cc vn mi trng c lin quan

phc v cho cng tc nh gi chi tit.

3.2. Phng php iu tra, kho st hin trng

Kho st hin trng l iu bt buc khi thc hin cng tc TM xc nh hin trng khu t thc hin d n nhm lm c s cho vic o c, ly mu phn tch
8

cng nh lm c s cho vic nh gi v xut cc bin php kim sot v gim thiu nhim mi trng, chng trnh qun l mi trng, gim st mi trng,... Do vy, qu trnh kho st hin trng cng chnh xc v y th qu trnh nhn dng cc i tng b tc ng cng nh xut cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng cng chnh xc, thc t v kh thi.
3.3. Phng php o c, thu mu v phn tch mu Vic ly mu v phn tch mu ca cc thnh phn mi trng l khng

th thiu trong vic xc nh v nh gi hin trng cht lng mi trng nn ti khu vc trin khai d n.
Sau khi kho st hin trng, chng trnh ly mu v phn tch mu s

c lp ra vi ni dung chng trnh nh : V tr ly mu, thng s o c v phn tch, nhn lc, thit b v dng c cn thit, thi gian thc hin, k hoch bo qun mu, k hoch phn tch,... Cc phng php o c, thu mu v phn tch mu p dng cho tng thnh phn mi trng (t, nc, khng kh,...) c trnh by r trong phn ph lc.
3.4. Phng php phn tch h thng

y l phng php c p dng kh ph bin trong mi trng. u im ca phng php ny l nh gi ton din cc tc ng, rt hu ch trong vic nhn dng cc tc ng v ngun thi.
Xem xt cc ngun thi, ngun gy tc ng, i tng b tc ng,...

nh cc phn t trong mt h thng c mi quan h cht ch vi nhau. T , xc nh, phn tch v nh gi cc tc ng.
3.5. Phng php lit k

c s dng kh ph bin (k t khi c C quan bo v mi trng quc gia ra i mt s nc NEPA) v mang li nhiu kt qu kh quan do c nhiu u im nh trnh by cch tip cn r rng, cung cp tnh h thng trong sut qu trnh phn tch v nh gi h thng. Bao gm hai loi chnh :
Bng lit k m t : Lit k cc thnh phn mi trng cn nghin cu

cng vi cc thng tin v o c, d on v nh gi.

Bng lit k n gin : Lit k cc thnh phn mi trng cn nghin

cu c kh nng b tc ng.
9

3.6. Phng php so snh

y l phng php khng th thiu trong cng tc TM, c s dng rng ri trn th gii. Thng thng phng php ny c hai cch tip cn :
So snh vi gi tr quy nh trong tiu chun, quy chun. So snh vi cc s liu o c thc t vi cc D n tng t. 3.7. Phng php nh gi nhanh

y l phng php ph bin trong cng tc TM. Phng php ny rt hu dng xc nh nhanh v d bo hm lng v ti lng cc cht nhim (khng kh, nc,...) da trn cc s liu c c t D n. Phng php ny s dng cc h s pht thi c thng k bi cc c quan, t chc v chng trnh c uy tn ln trn th gii nh T chc Y t Th gii (WHO), C quan bo v mi trng ca m (USEPA), Chng trnh kim k cht thi ca c (National Pollutant Inventory NPI).
3.8. Phng php k tha v tng hp s liu

y l phng php khng th thiu trong cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng ni ring v cng tc nghin cu khoa hc ni chung. K tha cc nghin cu v bo co c l thc s cn thit v khi s k tha c cc kt qu t trc , ng thi pht trin tip nhng mt cn hn ch v trnh nhng sai lm. Tham kho cc ti liu, c bit l ti liu chuyn ngnh lin quan n d n, c vai tr quan trng trong vic nhn dng v phn tch cc tc ng lin quan n hot ng ca D n.
3.9. Phng php chuyn gia

Cc chuyn gia thuc nhiu lnh vc khc nhau (ti nguyn, qun l mi trng, k thut mi trng, bn hc, chuyn ngnh sinh thi,...) s dng kin thc chuyn mn ca mnh nhn dng, phn tch, nh gi cc tc ng c th ca D n. 4. T chc thc hin TM Bo co TM cho D n : Nh my sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng cng sut 120.000 sn phm/nm do Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng lm Ch u t c s t vn ca Cng ty TNHH Mi Trng Vn Tng. Cc thng tin v n v t vn : Cng ty TNHH Mi Trng Vn Tng
10

 Tp.HCM

a ch i din Chc v Fax

: 69/7 Phan Vn Hn, P. Tn Thi Nht, Q.12, : Th.S Trn Cao Tng : Gim c : 08. 35921538 Chc v, n v Gim c Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng Gim c Cng ty TNHH Chuyn mn Thc s mi Trng C nhn mi trng C nhn mi trng C nhn mi trng

in thoi : 08. 35921486 0983355117

Stt Danh sch 1 2 3 4 5

Bng 1 : Danh sch nhng ngi trc tip tham gia lp bo co TM cho d n Richard Forwood Th.S Trn Cao Tng

Mi trng Vn Tng CN. Nguyn Th Minh Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng CN. Trn Hu Phc CN. Nguyn Th Din Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng

Cng vi cc thnh vin khc

11

CHNG 1. M T TM TT D N
1.1. Tn d n NH MY SN XUT CC SN PHM G TH CNG M NGH, G GIA DNG CNG SUT 120.000 SN PHM/NM
1.2. Ch d n Ch d n : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng. Tn giao dch : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng. Tn vit tt : PTC., LTD. a ch : S 8, ng s 22, KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng. Loi hnh doanh nghip : Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin. i in Chc v

: ng Richard Lockton Lewis Forwood. : Gim c Fax : 0650. 3742 202

in thoi : 0650. 3742 165

Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng c Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Bnh Dng cp Giy chng nhn u t hot ng ln u s 46212000823 ngy 27 thng 05 nm 2011 vi ngnh ngh kinh doanh : Sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng xut khu.
1.3. V tr a l ca D n

D n c xy dng ti s 8, ng 22 trong KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng nm trn vng tip gip vi hai thnh ph l Bin Ha v Thnh ph H Ch Minh; l ca ng quan trng i cc tnh min Trung, Ty Nguyn v cc tnh pha Bc. KCN Sng Thn 2 l mt khu cng nghip hon chnh v a ngnh, cc ngnh cng nghip c b tr thnh 4 cm A, B, C, D vi din tch khong 442 ha, cch :
Trung tm Tp. H Ch Minh 20km v hng Ty Nam. Trung tm Tp. Bin Ha 15km v hng ng Bc.

Trung tm th x Th Du Mt 20km v hng Ty Bc. Sn bay Tn Sn Nht 15km v hng Ty Nam.

Cnh tuyn ng st Thng Nht, gip ga Sng Thn ( c quy hoch m

rng thnh ng Xuyn ). Pha Nam gip xa l i Hn, pha Ty gip tuyn ng qun s (ni thng tnh l 743 v gp xa l i Hn).
12

 Nm gia ba cm dn c ln : Th c, D An v Li Thiu.

V tr tip gip ca Nh my trong KCN Sng Thn 2 nh sau :

Pha Bc gip vi Cng ty TNHH Seiwa Kaiun Vit Nam trong KCN Sng

Thn 2.
Pha Nam gip vi Cng ty TNHH Quc t Wimbledon trong KCN Sng

Thn 2.
Pha ng gip vi khu dn c. Pha Ty gip vi ng s 22 KCN Sng Thn 2.

Ta ranh gii ca Nh my nh sau :

S hiu im 1 : X = 1205396,4; Y = 608204,0 S hiu im 2 : X = 1205391,0; Y = 608275,7 S hiu im 3 : X = 1205290,7; Y = 608277,1 S hiu im 4 : X = 1205287,9; Y = 608199,4

Khong cch t D n n cc nh my ang hot ng trong KCN l khong 10 m, khu vc dn c tp trung gn nht cch khu vc D n khong 50 m v vy s c s tc ng cng hng ca D n vi cc nh my trong KCN gy nh hng n mi trng khu vc xung quanh, cn phi c nhng bin php v mt qun l v k thut nhm khng ch v gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc khi D n i vo hot ng gp phn bo v mi trng cho KCN Sng Thn 2 ni ring v th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng ni chung.

13

Hnh 1.1 : S v tr ca Nh my Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng ti KCN Sng Thn 2
1.4. Ni dung ch yu ca D n

1.4.1.

Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh Din tch ca Nh my ti KCN Sng Thn 2 l 12.943 m2. Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh ca Nh my c trnh by trong bng sau : Bng 1.1 : Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh ca Nh my Stt Hng mc 1 Nh vn phng 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nh kho, xng Cn tin Nh bo v Nh v sinh Nh xe Din tch t giao thng Din tch khu vc lu tr tm thi CTNH Din tch trng cy xanh n v tnh m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 Din tch 200 7.822 374 16 90 200 1.601 50 2.590 T l (%) 1,55 60,43 2,89 0,12 0,7 1,55 12,37 0,39 20
14

Tng cng

12.943 100 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng

Bn v b tr mt bng tng th D n c nh km trong phn ph lc. 1.4.2. Cc cng trnh ph tr v kh nng p ng Cc cng trnh ph tr nh h thng cung cp in, nc, cy xanh, h thng x l nc thi, c Ch u t KCN Sng Thn 2 u t xy dng. Sau y l tng hng mc cng trnh c th v kh nng p ng i vi hot ng ca D n. 1.4.2.1. H thng thot nc ma H thng thot nc ma trong phm vi Nh my c Cng ty tch ring bit vi h thng thu gom nc thi. H thng mng thot nc ma u c cc h ga v np an. Nc ma ny c dn vo h thng thot nc ma chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2, sau chy vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B.
1.4.2.2.

H thng thu gom nc thi H thng thu gom nc thi tch ring h thng thot nc ma, c xy dng bng cc cng b tng ct thp 100 200 thu gom nc thi sinh hot sau x l ti cc b t hoi 03 ngn t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B sau mi a v h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip tc x l t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thi vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B. H thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip nhn v x l nc thi t cc Nh my trong KCN v thng qua h thng cng thu gom khp kn. Cng sut x l ca h thng vo khong 4.000 m3/ngy.m. Ta lc trn ng DT743, v tr t h thng thun li cho vic thu gom nc thi t KCN SngThn 2. Ngun nc u vo theo thit k phi t quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B sau khi qua x l nc thi u ra phi t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9).

1.4.2.3.

H thng cp nc

15

Ngun nc ca D n c ly t h thng cp nc ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Lng nc cung cp cho ton b nhu cu s dng ca D n bao gm cp nc cho sinh hot v hot ng khc (ti ng, cy xanh, PCCC,). Cng sut Nh my cung cp nc sch ca KCN Sng Thn l khong 15.000 m3/ngy. 1.4.2.4. H thng cung cp in Ngun cung cp in cho cc hot ng ca Nh my l ngun in 3 pha c ko v t mng li in quc gia ca in lc th x D An tnh Bnh Dng thng qua ng dy h th ca KCN Sng Thn 2. ch ng trong hot ng sn xut Nh my, Cng ty c b tr d phng 01 my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t khong 15 lt/h. 1.4.2.5. Giao thng vn ti, thng tin lin lc D n c xy dng trong KCN Sng Thn 2 thuc th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng. Hin ti, D An c 5 Khu cng nghip i vo hot ng l Sng Thn 1, Sng Thn 2, Bnh ng, Tn ng Hip A, Tn ng Hip B. D An c 3 tuyn ng quan trng i qua l Quc l 1, Quc l 52 v tuyn ng st Bc Nam. D An c 2 ga xe la quan trng l ga D An v ga Sng Thn; c nh my toa xe D An, mt nh my sn xut, sa cha u my v toa xe ln nht min Nam. Trong tng lai s c mt tuyn ng st xut pht t ga Sng Thn i M Tho chuyn ch hng ha, tri cy t cc tnh min Ty Nam B v cc tnh min ng Nam B. Nh vy D n nm ti khu vc c h thng giao thng tng i pht trin v ang c xy dng hon chnh rt thun li cho vic vn chuyn nguyn liu v sn phm ca D n. Thng tin lin lc cng c u t xy dng, to s pht trin nhanh chng trong thi gian qua v thi gian sp ti.
1.4.2.6.

Cy xanh D nh khi Nh my i vo hot ng, Cng ty quy hoch din tch trng cy xanh thch hp vi din tch trng cy xanh khong 20% nhm to cnh quan xanh, sch p v mt m cho Nh my. Vic trng cy xanh Cng ty chn la nhng cy

16

xanh thch hp cho cnh quan v mt khc gim thiu nhng tc ng pht sinh t nh my n cc khu vc ln cn. 1.4.2.7. Trm tp kt cht thi rn sn xut v sinh hot i vi loi hnh hot ng v cng sut ca D n thnh phn cht thi rn ch yu l bao b, giy loi, cc cht hu c d phn hy, thc n tha t cc hot ng sinh hot thng ngy ca cn b k thut, nhn vin trong Nh my. Cht thi nguy hi c th pht sinh l pin c quy, bao b, gi lau dnh du ha cht c hi, than hot tnh qua s dng, Cng ty xy dng mt khu vc tp kt cht thi rn m bo cha cht thi rn pht sinh t D n mt cch an ton v v sinh. Cc cht thi rn pht sinh t D n c Cng ty b tr phn loi ti ngun. Ty vo thnh phn v c tnh ca tng loi rc m Cng ty trang b bao nilon v thng cha rc ring. Tt c cc cht thi rn pht sinh t D n c Ch u t k hp ng x l theo ng quy nh.
1.4.3.

Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ca D n Cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my c trnh by nh sau : Nguyn liu sy S ch Tinh ch Lp rp Ch nhm Sn Dn, v trang tr Lm mu Thnh phm Hnh 1.2 : Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my
17

Bi, ting n Cht thi rn Bi, ting n Cht thi rn Bi Ting n Bi Cht thi rn Bi sn Dung mi hu c

M t quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my Nguyn liu g sy c Cng ty nhp v s cho qua cng on s ch nguyn liu trc khi qua tip cng on tinh ch hon thin. Cc nguyn liu sau khi tinh ch c cng nhn ca Nh my lp rp cc nguyn liu ny li vi nhau to thnh sn phm. Sau cng nhn tip tc ch nhm lm cho b mt sn phm sch, lng p d dng cho cng on phun sn tip theo. Sau khi b mt sn phm c sn th sn phm s c dn, v trang tr ln trc khi c lm mu to thnh hng m ngh gi c. Sn phm sau khi lm mu c ng gi thnh phm v lu vo kho cha trc khi bn cho khch hng.
1.4.4.

Danh mc cc loi my mc, trang thit b ti Nh my Cc my mc, trang tht b phc v cho qu trnh sn xut c trnh by trong bng sau : Bng 1.2 : Danh mc cc loi my mc, trang thit b phc v cho Nh my Stt Tn thit b 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 My bm cha chy v ph kin km theo H thng Camera quan st My nn kh My sy kh HYD 100, b lc kh HYF 40A 40, b lc kh HYF 40A 1 Bn phun sn 6000x2900x1300 H thng bo chy theo PO 2118 My chiu 3Mx24W, mn chiu, vt t thi cng My ch nhm bng TD 3300 My p Veneer & thit b km theo My bm cha chy v cc thit b i km (PO 2919) My phay g ng PO 3053 My ch bin g qua s dng (my Tubi nghing 1 trc) My nh Canon G10 (BP. Sales) S lng 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cng sut 10 KW 08 Pcs 50 HP 500 m3/h 650 W 5 HP 1.000 tm/ngy 20 HP 850 W 300 kg/h Nm sn xut 2010 2010 2010 2006 2006 2010 2010 2006 2010 2010 2006 2006 2010
18

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1.4.5.

My ca lng TG CL600 cho BP. Sample (PO 3286) My lnh LG (phng p veneer) My tri keo Vanees My ct Vanees My may Vanees My sy m g My pht in 3FA Mitsubishi My khoan ng EC 340 My bo 4 mt My bn ct My nn kh PO4459 My ca nghing bn c bn y MBS 300MIKIWAY My to mng m 02 u YOM 120YOWCHERNG My Ripsaw li trn YFR 303YUHFARN My ch nhm thng BKM 37DA BOA BOARKE H thng ht bi cho Xng mu H thng ht bi sn

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

500 W 2 HP 350 W 400 W 400 W 500 W 350 KVA 2,5 KW 23,75 KW 300 W 30 HP 5 HP 5 HP 400 W 600 W -

2006 2010 2010 2010 2010 2006 2010 2006 2006 2006 2010 2006 2006 2006 2006 2010 2010

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu phc v cho Nh my 1.1.1.1. Nhu cu nguyn liu Bng 1.3 : Nhu cu nguyn liu phc v cho hot ng sn xut Stt 1 2 3 Nguyn liu G Veneer G MDF, Plywood Cc loi g nguyn liu khc n v S Lng m2/nm 24.300 sheet/nm 6.703 3 m /nm 190 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng

1.1.1.2. Nhu cu s dng nhin liu

19

 ch ng trong hot ng sn xut Nh my, Cng ty c b tr d phng 01 my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t khong 15 lt/h. Vi khi lng ring ca du DO bng 0,85 kg/lt c th tnh ton c lng du DO s dng l 12,75 kg/h. Ngoi ra, Nh my cn s dng than hot tnh cho h thng x l kh thi ti khu vc pha ch ha cht. Trung bnh nh k khong mt thng, Nh my tin hnh thay lng than hot tnh qua s dng mt kh nng hp ph bng lng than hot tnh mi. Khi lng than hot tnh s dng l 60 kg/thng tng ng 2 kg/ngy.
1.1.1.3. Nhu cu s dng ha cht

Nhu cu v ha cht s dng ti D n c trnh by trong bng sau : Bng 1.4 : Cc loi ha cht ch yu phc v cho D n Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Nhin liu 30:77/A Sn lt PUF63FY0077-018.00KIP 820-CDG-047-clear metal primer Alcohol industry Axeton Cane Sealer 370-CDG-055 Catalyt hard 30:45B (xc tc cng 30:45B)V66VN0045-004.50KIO Cht ty W601/W602 DC-1122-21 LC Yellow 10 Sheen PT Vie Expo ty sn Filler 611 Keo Glue 502 Hardener PUH-1561-33 S Keo p g Tiebond original (5 Gallon) MEP 1924-03 Clear Base Sn lt NC 10:03 Sn nc weather Thinner 16:01C (dung mi NC) -R07KY0101200.00L9F 1.1.1.4. Nhu cu s dng in
20

n v Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm Lt/nm

S lng 1.545 1.034 4.000 9.870 1.128 1.283 798 800 581 1.262 21.595 1.884 1.780 835 1.169 1.634 16.985

Ngun cung cp Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht Cng ty ha cht

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng

Ngun cung cp in cho cc hot ng ca Nh my l ngun in 3 pha c ko v t mng li in quc gia ca in lc th x D An tnh Bnh Dng thng qua ng dy h th ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Nhu cu s dng in ca Cng ty bao gm : Phc v sn xut v hot ng vn phng khong 7.200 Kwh/nm tc khong 600 Kwh/thng. 1.1.1.5. Nhu cu s dng nc Ngun nc cp cho hot ng ca D n s dng nc cp t nh my cung cp nc ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Tng nhu cu s dng nc ca Nh my l khong 48 m3/ngy.m. Trong :
Nc cho sinh hot : 45 m3/ngy.m Nc ti cy : 3 m3/ngy.m

Ngoi ra m bo tt cng tc phng chy cha chy ti Nh my, Cng ty cng xy dng b cha nc d tr vi dung tch 100 m3 cp nc cu ha trong trng hp xy ra s c. 1.1.2.

Nhu cu nhn lc phc v cho nh my D n s dng khong 450 cng nhn vin lm vic ti nh my, trong : B phn sn xut : 420 ngi B phn qun l, k ton, hnh chnh : 20 ngi B phn kinh doanh bn hng : 10 ngi

Nhm phc v cho cng tc hot ng ca Nh my, Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng a ra s t chc v qun l D n nh sau.

Gim c P. Gim c

Phng k hoch k thut Lp k hoch lm vic Phn loi Giao hng Th kho

Phng hnh chnh k ton Qun l hnh chnh K ton ti chnh

Phng kinh doanh Pht trin th trng Kinh doanh thu mua 21

Hnh 1.3 : S t chc v qun l D n 1.1.3. Sn phm, cng sut Nh my ch yu sn xut bn, gh, ging, t, gng, gi c m ngh. Sn phm ca Cng ty ch yu c xut khu khong 90% ra th trng M, Chu u. Phn cn li c tiu th ti th trng trong nc. Bng 1.5 : Sn phm v cng sut ca Nh my Stt 1 Tn sn phm n v tnh S lng Bn, gh, ging, t, gng, Sn phm/nm 120.000 gi c m ngh Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng 1.1.4. Tin thc hin D n

Lp d n v trnh xt duyt Lp h s u thu xy lp 08/2011 Lp t cc my mc thit b Sn xut chnh thc

: Thng 02/2011 05/2011 : Thng 06/2011 07/2011

B tr li Nh my v xy dng cc cng trnh x l mi trng : Thng : Thng 09/2011 : Thng 10/2011

1.1.5. Tng vn u t D n Tng vn u t ca D n l 16,5 t ng. Trong :

Vn c nh + My mc, thit b + Phng tin vn ti v vn chuyn + Chi ph khc

: 10 t ng : 4 t ng : 4 t ng : 2 t ng : 6,5 t ng

Vn lu ng

22

CHNG 2 IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T X HI

2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng
2.1.1. iu kin v a hnh, a cht

D n ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng nm ti KCN Sng Thn 2 c hon thin v c s h tng. Nn t khu vc quy hoch c cao thp nht l +0,5m v cao nht l 1,2 1,5m. a hnh tng i bng phng, hng dc t pha Ty thp dn v hng ng. Nn a cht n nh do vic trin khai lp t my mc thit b v a Cng ty i vo hot ng gp nhiu thun li. Theo s liu a cht ti hai h khoan (v tr h khoan 1 ti v tr cu trn Tnh l 43 v v tr khoan 2 ti v tr cu trn ng Ng Ch Quc giao vi tuyn knh Ba B) vi chiu su mi h khoan l 12m, khu vc nghin cu c bao ph bn trn bi cc lp t thuc trm tch Pleitocen (aQ1-m) i din cc lp t st ct phn b xen kp vi ct, ct st. a cht khu vc D n c phn thnh cc lp sau :

Lp 1 : Ct st ht mn trung mu xm vng nht, do. Lp 2 : Dm si, xc thc vt mu xm xanh, xm en, ln st bt mu xm xanh, trng thi do mm. Lp 3 : St ct mu vng nht, xm vng, n xm trng, kp cc ct mn trung, trng thi do cng. Lp 4a : Ct th mu xm trng, xm vng, ln t bt st, trng thi ri rc n cht va. Lp 4b : Ct st ht trung mu xm trng, xm vng, nu vng, trng thi do. Lp 5 : St mu xm vng, xm xanh loang l, trng thi cng.

2.1.2. iu kin kh hu, thy vn

Tnh Bnh Dng nm trong vng kh hu nhit i gi ma nng m, phn b thnh hai ma r rt trong nm : Ma ma t thng 5 11 v ma kh t khong thng 12 nm trc n thng 4 nm sau. Ma ma lng ma chim khong 80 85% lng ma c nm, ma kh hu nh khng ma.
23

2.1.2.1. iu kin khng kh Nhit khng kh trung bnh hng nm cao, n nh quanh nm v thng. Bin thin nhit gia thng nng nht v thng lnh nht khong 4,6oC . Tuy nhin, bin thin nhit ngy th kh cao khong 10oC.

Nhit khng kh trung bnh nm : 26,7oC. Nhit khng kh thng nng nht (thng 5) : 29,5oC. Nhit khng kh thng lnh nht (thng 12) : 24,9oC.

2.1.2.2. m khng kh m khng kh trong nm tng i cao v c s bin i theo ma kh r, chnh lch m gia hai ma khong 7,8%. m trung bnh vo ma ma l 86,4% v m trung bnh vo ma kh l 78,6%. 2.1.2.3. Lng ma Trong nhng nm gn y, lng ma Bnh Dng c khuynh hng gim dn, lng ma bnh qun hng nm : 1.950 mm.

Ma ma t thng 5 n thng 11 chim 85 95% lng ma hng nm. Ma nhiu nht vo thng 8 v thng 9 vi hn 300 mm. S ngy ma hng nm khong 110 ngy. Lng ma trung bnh hng nm : 1.860 mm (nm 2009) v 1.693mm (nm 2010). Lng ma ngy nhiu nht trong nm: 102 mm (thng 5/2009) v 138,4 mm (thng 9/2010). T thng 12 n thng 4 vo ma kh, lng ma rt thp : Thng c ma cao nht trong ma ny khong 54,4 mm (thng 2/2009) v 56,2 mm (thng 4/2010).

Bng 2.1 : D liu lng ma nm 2009 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng

Thng Lng ma thng S ngy ma Lng ma ngy max Ngy I 3,8 1 3,8 1 II 108, 3 5 54,4 28 III 37,3 6 24,2 21 IV 188,2 19 52,8 30 V 380,1 22 102,0 21 VI 124,2 16 36,6 15 VII 238, 8 30 39,8 5 VIII 222,9 23 64,7 23 IX 352, 1 25 52,5 16 X 119, 5 13 30,0 6 XI 85,6 7 26,0 28 XII 0 0,0 -

Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng Bng 2.2 : D liu lng ma nm 2010 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng
24

Thng Lng ma thng S ngy ma Lng ma ngy max Ngy

I 31, 1 6 11, 8 19

II 0 0 -

III 31,3 2 28,3 28

IV 118,8 6 56,2 30

V 36,4 8 20,2 3

VI 172, 5 18 43,9 14

VII 226,2 19 56,2 16

VIII 221, 5 22 77,2 14

IX 303,2 21 138,4 11

X 248, 2 21 66,3 10

XI 303,6 19 63,3 17

XII 0 0 -

Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng 2.1.2.4. S gi nng S gi nng trung bnh nm 2.340 gi. S gi nng trung bnh ngy 6,4 gi. S gi nng trung bnh trong thng cao nht 8,3 gi. S gi nng trung bnh trong thng thp nht 3,5 gi.

2.1.2.5. bc hi bc hi trong nm tng i ln, c khi bc hi ln hn c lng ma trong cng mt thi on, bc hi trung bnh nm vo khong 1.300 1.450 mm. bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng nng nht v thng lnh nht c s bin i rt ln, bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng nng nht l 108 mm (nm 2009) v 145,5 mm (nm 2010) v bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng lnh nht l 35,4 mm (nm 2009) v 60,2 mm (nm 2010).

Bc hi trung bnh ngy : 2,0 mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 3,0 mm/ngy (nm 2010). Bc hi ngy ti a : 4,8 mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 6,3mm/ngy (nm 2010). Bc hi ngy ti thiu : 0,1mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 0,6 mm/ngy (nm 2010).

Qua kt qu o c trong hai nm cho thy nhit khng kh ngy cng nng v lng bc hi nm sau cao hn nm trc. Bng 2.3 : D liu bc hi 2009 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng
Thng Tng cng Trung bnh Cao nht Ngy I 104,7 3,4 4,7 28 II 94,1 3,4 4,8 7 III 108,7 3,5 4,8 10 IV 75,8 2,5 3,8 1 V 56,0 1,8 2,8 18 VI 60,8 2,0 3,2 24 VII 44,5 1,4 2,6 11 VIII 56,6 1,8 2,8 22 IX 35,4 1,2 2,4 19 X 55,1 1,8 2,9 30 XI 83,1 2,8 4,1 21 25 XII 105,4 3,4 4,0 13

Thp nht Ngy

1,8 1

1,4 12

1,8 7

0,9 29

0,6 27

0,6 10

0,2 15

0,4 2

0,4 8

0,8 1

0,1 10

2,8 17

Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng Bng 2.4 : D liu bc hi 2010 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng
Thng Tng cng Trung bnh Cao nht Ngy Thp nht Ngy I 104, 9 3,4 4,2 7 1,8 20 II 119,4 4,3 4,8 7 3,6 6 III 145,5 4,7 6,3 18 3,6 4 IV 134,7 4,5 5,6 14 3,2 20 V 131,9 4,3 5,6 18 2,2 4 VI 93,7 3,1 4,7 2 2,3 19 VII 70,7 2,3 3,2 12 1,1 25 VIII 60,2 1,9 2,7 5 1,0 20 IX 63,1 2,1 2,6 21 1,5 17 X 63,0 2,0 3,8 30 0,6 11 XI 67,8 2,3 3,1 14 1,6 1 XII 96,6 3,1 3,9 25 2,1 1

Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng 2.1.2.6. Ch gi Ch gi tng i n nh, khng chu nh hng trc tip ca bo v p thp nhit i. Tc gi bnh qun khong 0,7m/s, tc gi ln nht quan trc c l 12m/s. Bnh Dng c 2 hng gi ch o trong nm l gi Ty Ty Nam v gi ng ng Bc. Gi Ty Ty Nam l hng gi thnh hnh nht trong ma ma, cn gi ng ng Bc l hng gi thnh hnh trong ma kh. Tc gi bnh qun thng khng k hng cao 2m so vi mt t c trnh by trong bng sau : Bng 2.5 : Tc gi bnh qun thng Thng V (m/s) 1 2,06 2 2,30 3 2,62 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2,62 2,22 2,46 2,54 2,70 2,38 1,98 1,91 1,82 Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng

2.1.2.7. bn vng kh quyn Cc cht gy nhim khng kh c dng ht (bi) v dng kh. Yu t quyt nh kh nng pht tn bi v kh l bn vng kh quyn. Cc cht nhim c pha trn v kh nng pht tn cao nht trong iu kin kh quyn thuc nhm A, B, C. Khi bn vng kh quyn thuc loi A, B, C th nng cht nhim cao hn khi gi c tc ln. bn vng kh quyn trung ha loi D hoc bn vng loi E, F th kh nng khuch tn cht nhim l thp nht. Vo ma kh mc pht tn cht nhim cao hn ma ma.
26

Bng 2.6 : bn vng kh quyn Tc gi (m/s) 24 46 Ghi ch : A : Rt khng bn vng B : Khng bn vng loi trung bnh C : Khng bn vng loi yu 2.1.2.8. Ch thy vn Khu vc D n c knh Ba B l ngun tip nhn nc thi v nc ma ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Knh Ba B c chiu di 1.700m, chiu rng trung bnh khong 2 3m, chiu su mc nc trung bnh trong lng knh c tnh khong 0,5 m vo ma kh. Mc nc ny t n 1 2m vo nhng ngy ma ma v cao hn trong nhng ngy ma ln, lu lng vo nhng ngy ma ma c tnh khong 16 m 3/s. c im lng knh hp nn khng thot nc vo nhng ngy ma ma. B knh b st l, gy nh hng ng k n cuc sng ca nhng ngi dn sng dc theo hai b knh. Vo ma ma, tnh trng ngp ng khu vc cui knh Ba B gy nh hng n sn xut nng nghip trn a bn. Knh Ba B mang tnh cht l mt knh thot nc thi v nc ma t khu dn c trong khu vc v cc KCN ln cn. Knh Ba B bt ngun t th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng v phn ln chy trn lnh th qun Th c, Tp. HCM. + Phn u knh : Di khong 410m, a hnh kh dc, cao mt t bin thin t 14m n 4,5m, vo ma ma dng nc chy vi lu lng ln lm st l t hai bn b nh hng nghim trng n cng trnh nh ca ngi dn sng dc b knh. Dn c khu vc ny tp trung kh ng dc knh, mt s h xy dng nh tr st knh ang b nh hng nghim trng do tnh trng st l. + Phn gia knh : Di khong 390m, cao mt t bin thin t 4,5m n 1,8m. Dn c khu vc ny ch yu l cc h dn lm ngh trng trt v chn nui. Mt s h dn dng nc knh Ba B phc v cho mc ch kinh t ca mnh. Vo ma ma, lng nc ln v khng kp thot nn khu vc hay xy ra tnh trng ngp ng.
27

Bc x ban ngy Mnh AB B Yu B BC Trung bnh C C D : Trung ha

che ph ban m t my E D Nhiu my F E

E : Tng i bn vng F : Bn vng

+ Phn cui knh : Di khong 900m tip gip ra vi rch Nc Trong, cao mt t xp x 1,4m 1,8m. Mt phn on knh ny c kin c ha bng h thng mng h c bao cao khong hn 1m so vi cao mt t khu vc. on knh ny chy qua khu vc nng nghip ca phng Bnh Chiu, qun Th c, Tp. H Ch Minh. Vo nhng ngy ma ln, nc knh trn ra khi bao v gy ngp ng mt vng t nng nghip rng ln. Knh tip nhn nc thi v c nc ma ca mt lu vc ln nn dng chy khng n nh. Vo nhng thng ma ma (khong thng VI X), lng ma kh cao v knh l tuyn thot nc chnh cho mt din tch kh rng ca c hai tnh Bnh Dng v Tp. H Ch Minh, m mt ct dng knh kh nh nn thng xy ra hin tng ngp ng h lu knh. Mt khc tuyn knh li phi chu nc t khu vc cao trn v vi chnh cao trnh so vi u tuyn knh l 18m v so vi cui tuyn knh l 33m m khng c th tch tr nc gim lu lng trn v h lu. Do tnh trng ngp trn lu vc knh hin nay n mc bo ng. Tuyn knh Ba B t chu nh hng ca thy triu truyn trc tip t sng Si Gn qua rch Vnh Bnh, sng Cu p vo rch Nc Trong theo ch bn nht triu khng u. Nc thi ti knh ny ch chy mt chiu hu nh khng b nh hng bi triu cng.
2.1.3. Hin trng cc thnh phn t nhin khu vc D n

tin hnh thu thp d liu v s liu nn hin trng cc thnh phn t nhin cho qu trnh nh gi cng tc bo v mi trng cho D n, chng ti phi hp vi Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin Thng mi v Dch v Mi trng Minh Tr tin hnh kho st o c ly mu phn tch cht lng khng kh, cht lng mi trng nc cp ti khu vc D n. Phng php ly mu, phn tch, tnh ton xc nh tng thng s c th c p dng tun th theo cc Tiu chun v Quy chun Vit Nam tng ng. 2.1.3.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh 2.1.3.1.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc D n c trnh by trong bng sau :

V tr cc im o c v ly mu khng kh : Xem bng 2.7.

28

Thi gian ly mu, phng php o c/phn tch : Xem ph lc. Mu K1 M t v tr v iu kin ly mu V tr ly mu : Pha ng khu vc D n Ta ly mu : X = 1205342,08; Y = 608264,3 iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,20C V tr ly mu : Pha Ty khu vc D n Ta ly mu : X = 1205334,07; Y = 608213,13 iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,00C V tr ly mu : Pha Nam khu vc D n Ta ly mu : X = 1205300,2; Y = 608229,41 iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,70C V tr ly mu : Pha Bc khu vc D n Ta ly mu : X = 1205379,29; Y = 608241,05

Bng 2.7 : V tr cc im o c/ly mu khng kh v iu kin ly mu Stt 1

K2

K3

K4

iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 30,90C Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr Bng 2.8 : Hin trng cht lng khng kh ti khu vc d n Stt 1 2 3 4 Mu K1 K2 K3 K4 Bi 0,105 0,102 0,120 0,108 0,3 Hm lng (mg/m3) SO2 0,107 0,104 0,108 0,115 0, CO 2,48 2,80 2,50 3,17 30 NO2 0,078 0,097 0,104 0,074 0,2 n (dBA) 50,2 55,4 54,9 59,7 57,2 62,3 56,3 61,8 70

QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr Ghi ch :
QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT : Quy chun cho php i vi khng kh xung quanh. QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT : Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n (t 6h n

21h). Nhn xt : Kt qu o c phn tch hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh ti khu vc D n cn kh tt, hu ht cc thng s u thp hn Quy chun cho php QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT v QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT.
2.1.3.2. Hin trng cht lng nc cp ti khu vc D n 29

Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng nc cp dng cho hot ng ca D n c trnh by trong bng sau :
V tr ly mu : Vi nc ca D n. Ta ly mu : X = 1205309,67; Y = 608222,44. Thi gian ly mu v phng php o c/phn tch : Xem ph lc.

Bng 2.9 : Kt qu phn tch nc cp dng cho hot ng ca D n St Thng s t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 pH cng tng cng Hm lng Amoni Hm lng Clorua Hm lng Florua Hm lng Asen Coliform n v mgCaCO3/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/100ml Kt qu 7,20 12 0,004 6 0,03 KPH KPH QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT, mc I 6,0 8,5 350 3 300 1,5 0,01 50

8 St (Fe) mg/l 0,002 0,5 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr Ghi ch : QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc sinh hot. Nhn xt : Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc cp phc v cho sinh hot ti khu vc D n cho thy cc thng s o c u t quy chun QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT, mc I iu ny cho thy cht lng nc cp ti khu vc thc hin Nh my t quy chun cho php.
2.2. iu kin kinh t x hi

D n ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng thuc KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng. Hin trng pht trin kinh t x hi ca a phng c tm tt di y :
2.2.1. iu kin kinh t

Tnh hnh sn xut nng nghip

+ Trng trt : Hot ng sn xut nng nghip trong khu vc ch yu l

trng trt v chn nui. Ton vng gieo trng cc loi rau mu, khoai m, u cc loi, bp,... phc v i sng ca cc khu dn c.
30

+ Chn nui : Chn nui ca khu vc ch yu l chn nui gia sc gia cm vi quy m va v nh. Tuy nhin tnh hnh cm gia cm trn a bn c nguy c ti pht nn nhu cu tiu th gim, b con chn nui gp nhiu kh khn. Chnh quyn v b con chn nui thng xuyn kt hp vi cc Trm th y tng cng cng tc kim tra nhc nh cc h chn nui git m gia cm, c nhng bin php thit thc phng chng dch cm gia cm ti pht. Nhn chung, do vic bin ng chuyn i mc ch s dng t nng nghip sang th c ca cc h dn xy dng nh , phng tr v cc dch v ngy cng nhiu do v lnh vc nng nghip khng pht trin v c chiu hng gim dn. Cng nghip Tc tng trng cng nghip trn a bn kh nhanh. Cc KCN gii quyt vic lm cho hng ngn lao ng ti a phng v nhiu lao ng t cc khu vc khc n. C hn 263 cng ty, x nghip hin ang hot ng ti cc KCN Sng Thn 1 v Sng Thn 2 v c hn 76 doanh nghip nm ngoi KCN vi tc pht trin kh nhanh. Thng mi dch v Ngoi cc hot ng bun bn ti cc ch trong khu vc th khu vc rt pht trin vi vic kinh doanh phng tr ca cc h dn a phng. Nhn chung, cc h kinh doanh u chp hnh tt ni quy chnh sch ca nh nc. Tng gi tr thng mi dch v tng 18 21%. Tnh hnh kinh doanh ti cc ch tng bc c sp xp n nh, mua bn c trt t, gi gn v sinh mi trng.

2.2.2. iu kin x hi

Gio dc : Phn u vn ng 100% tr c a n trng. Hng nm u c cng nhn t chun ph cp tiu hc ng tui, ph cp THCS v THPT. Nhn chung c s vt cht cc trng lp c quan tm u t khang trang hn, phong tro x hi ha gio dc c ch trng, l c s tin cho s pht trin nhng nm tip theo. Y t : m bo thc hin tt cng tc khm cha bnh, trc tip cp cu v phng chng cc loi bnh dch. Cc chng trnh quc gia v y t c trin khai thc hin t 100%. Duy tr thng xuyn chin dch tim chng m rng phng 6
31

loi bnh cho tr em hng thng u t trn 90%, phn u 95% tr di 1 tui c min dch c bn, t l tr suy dinh dng ngy cng gim, cng tc chm sc v bo v sc khe cho b m tr em lun c quan tm. Chng trnh phng chng bu c, mt, s dng mui it ngy cng c quan tm, thc hin tt cng tc kim tra an ton v sinh thc phm, qun l tt vic khm BHXH. 2.3. Hin trng h tng KCN Sng Thn 2 KCN Sng Thn 2 c din tch khong 442 ha do Cng ty C phn Pht trin KCN Sng Thn (tn mi l Cng ty C phn i Nam) lm ch u t. y l mt khu cng nghip tp trung, thu ht cc ngun vn u t trong v ngoi nc nhm phc v cc mc tiu kinh t pht trin t nc. KCN Sng Thn 2 c thnh lp da trn Quyt nh s 796/TTg ngy 28/10/1996 ca Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt d n u t, quyt nh s 951/TTg ngy 20/12/1996 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic cho thu t v quyt nh s 16/BXD/KTQH ngy 11/01/1997 ca B Xy dng ph duyt quy hoch chi tit khu cng nghip. KCN Sng Thn 2 ta lc ti th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng l mt khu cng nghip hon chnh v a ngnh, cc ngnh cng nghip c b tr thnh 4 cm A, B, C, D vi din tch khong 442 ha, cch :
Trung tm Tp. H Ch Minh 20 km v hng Ty Nam. Trung tm Tp. Bin Ha 15 km v hng ng Bc. Trung tm th x Th Du Mt 20 km v hng Ty Bc. Sn bay Tn Sn Nht 15 km v hng Ty Nam. Cnh tuyn ng st Thng Nht, gip ga Sng Thn ( c quy

hoch m rng thnh ng Xuyn ).

Pha Nam gip xa l i Hn, pha Ty gip tuyn ng qun s (ni

thng tnh l 743 v gp xa l i Hn).

Nm gia ba cm dn c ln : Th c, D An v Li Thiu. t ai kh bng phng, dc dn t ng Bc xung Ty Nam, trung

bnh 1%, cao trung bnh 25 30m so vi mc nc bin, chu nn > 2kg/cm2 thun li xy dng c bn. Cc ngnh ngh sn xut bao gm : Sn phm nha, chi, m phm, cc sn phm bao b ng gi, sn xut v lp rp cc sn phm in, in t, my mc, thit
32

b vn chuyn, may mc, giy dp, sn phm da, lng th, len, dng c th thao, ch bin thc phm, hng gia dng, cc sn phm g, my tre l v cc ngnh cng nghip ch bin khc. H thng giao thng : H thng trc chnh rng 28m vi 4 ln xe. H thng giao thng trc ni b rng 22m vi 2 ln xe. Cp in : Ngun cp in c ly t li in quc gia 22Kv thng qua li in th x D An i vo trm bin th 110/220 KV 2*25MVA cung cp cho KCN. Cp nc : KCN c nh my cung cp nc sch. Cng sut ca nh my cp nc KCN Sng Thn l khong 15.000 m3/ngy ph hp vi cht lng tiu chun, quy chun Vit Nam. Thot nc : H thng thot nc thi tch ring vi h thng thot nc ma. Ton b nc thi ca cc nh my trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c tp trung v h thng x l nc thi tp trung x l, cng sut x l ca h thng ny l khong 4.000 m3/ngy.m. Nc thi pht sinh trong KCN c x l theo hai cp : Cp 1 x l cc b ti tng nh my thnh vin t gii hn u vo l quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B. Cp 2 x l ti H thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thi vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B. Thng tin lin lc : H thng thng tin lin lc cho KCN c ghp ni vo mng vin thng ca bu in th x D An. H thng ni b l mt mng cp in thoi c dung lng ln, p ng y cc yu cu v vin thng cho KCN Sng Thn 2 vi cc loi hnh a dch v.

33

CHNG 3 NH GI TC NG MI TRNG
3.1. nh gi tc ng 3.1.1. Ngun tc ng lin quan n cht thi
3.1.1.1.

Giai on lp t my mc thit b Nh my sn xut ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng c din tch t

c thu li t din tch ca Cng ty TNHH Tn Hon Cu. V vy m D n s khng c giai on xy dng m ch c cng on lp t my mc thit b phc v cho hot ng sn xut ca Cng ty (Hp ng thu Nh xng c nh km trong phn ph lc ca bo co). Cc hot ng v ngun gy nhim chnh trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b nh sau : Bng 3.1 : Cc hot ng v ngun gy tc ng mi trng trong giai on lp t my mc thit b Stt Cc hot ng Ngun gy tc ng 1 Xy dng h thng cp thot Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu, my mc thit b, v x l nc,... Qu trnh lp t c gia nhit : Ct, hn, t 2 nng chy. Vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu, my mc thit b, thit b my mc phc v D 3 n. Hot ng d tr, bo qun Cc thng cha xng du nguyn vt liu phc v D 4 n. Sinh hot ca cng nhn ti Sinh hot ca 30 cng nhn vin ti khu vc khu vc lp t lp t Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

Ngoi ra, do giai on lp t my mc thit b tng i ngn, nn cc tc ng ca cc cht nhim n mi trng trong giai on ny ch l tm thi.

a. Kh thi t cc phng tin vn ti, my mc thit b 34

Ngun pht sinh t cc phng tin thi cng nh xe ti, xe nng,... Theo s liu thng k t cc cng trnh khc th s lng my mc, thit b cn thit cho qu trnh lp t ca D n c thng k nh sau : Bng 3.2 : Thit b, my mc cn thit cho qu trnh lp t ca D n Stt Loi thit b 1 2 3 Xe ti Xe nng My pht in Tng cng S lng (chic) 6 6 1 13 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp Cc phng tin vn chuyn, my mc thi cng s dng nhin liu ch yu l du Diesel lm pht sinh cc kh nhim cha sn phm t qu trnh t nhin liu nh : NOx, SO2, CO, VOC. Bng 3.3 : Thnh phn v tnh cht du DO (1%) Tn ch tiu Hm lng lu hunh, max Ch s cetan, min Nhit ct, max im chp chy cc kn, min nht ng hc 40oC Khi lng ring 15oC im ng c, max Cn cacbon ca 10% cn chng ct, max Lu hunh (Cp) tro (Ap) n v mg/kg 0 C, 90% th tch o C mm2/s Kg/m3 o C % % % Ch s 10.000 46 370 55 25 820 870 +6 0,3 1 0,01 Ngun : Petrolimex.com.vn

Lng nhin liu du (DO) tiu th ca cc phng tin th khc nhau, nhng theo thc t vn hnh ca cc thit b th bnh qun lng du tiu th trong 1 ngy lm vic 8 ting ca mt phng tin thi cng khong 15 lt/ngy. Lu lng du tiu th trong 1 ngy ca cc phng tin thi cng l : 13 phng tin x 15 lt/ngy/phng tin = 195 lt/ngy Khi lng du DO s dng trong mt ngy (vi khi lng ring ca du DO = 0,85 kg/lt) l : m = 195 lt/ngy x 0,85 kg/lt = 165,75 kg/ngy = 20,72 kg/h
35

Theo Vin k thut nhit i v bo v mi trng thnh ph H Ch Minh, ta c th tch kh pht sinh do t 1kg du DO iu kin chun khong 22 24 m 3 kh thi/kg du DO. Lu lng kh thi ca cc phng tin thi cng : Qk = 22 x 20,72 = 455,84 (m3/h iu kin chun) Bng 3.4 : Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim pht thi Stt 1 2 3 4 5 H s nhim (*) kg/tn Bi SO2 NOx CO VOC Ti lng g/h 4,3 20S 55 28 12 Nng mg/Nm3 89,096 4,144 1.140 580,16 248,64 QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT, ct B (Kp = 1, Kv = 1) 200 500 850 1.000 -

(*) Ngun : Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution WHO 1993 (Ghi ch : Kt qu tnh ton vi du DO c hm lng lu hunh 1%). Nhn xt : Kt qu tnh ton cho thy nng cc kh nhim trong khi thi do t nhin liu du DO ca cc phng tin trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b hu ht u t quy chun cho php QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B ch c nng NOx vt quy chun 1,34 ln. Tuy nhin, do khu vc D n c din tch rng, cc thit b my mc khng tp trung mt ch do kh thi c khuch tn theo din rng. b. nhim bi t, ct Trong qu trnh vn chuyn cc loi nguyn liu, my mc thit b th kh nng pht sinh bi l st thp vn, g,... Ty theo iu kin cht lng ng x, phng thc bc d v tp kt nguyn liu m nhim pht sinh nhiu hay t. Nng bi tng cao trong nhng ngy kh, nng gi. Bi do nguyn liu ri vi hoc t cc bi cha cun theo gi pht tn vo khng kh gy nn nhim cho cc khu vc xung quanh. Mt thc t khch quan l nhim bi trn ng vn chuyn v tp kt nguyn liu rt ph bin. Kt qu tnh ti lng bi trong qu trnh vn chuyn, tp kt vt liu my mc nh sau :

s S w 365 p W L =1,7k[---------]x[--------]x[---------- x [----------- x[-----------]0,7 ]0,5 ] 365 12 48 4 2,7

Trong : L : Ti lng bi (kg/km/lt xe/nm)
36

k : Kch thc ht; 0,2 s : Lng t trn ng; 8,9% S : Tc trung bnh ca xe; 20 km/h W : Trng lng c ti ca xe; 10 tn w : S bnh xe; 6 bnh p : S ngy hot ng trong nm Thay s ta c : 0,15 kg/km/lt xe/nm. Theo c tnh s b c khong 4 lt xe hot ng chuyn ch vt liu my mc thit b phc v cho D n, on ng chu nh hng 5 km. S lt xe l 4 lt/ngy. V vy, ti lng nhim bi do vn chuyn l 0,15 x 5 x 4 x 120 = 360 kg/nm hay l 30 kg bi/thng tng ng 1,15kg bi/ngy trong sut qu trnh lp t my mc thit b cho Nh my. Thng thng gi tr hm lng bi l lng o c ti khu vc bc d thng dao ng trong khong 900 2.700 g/m3 cao hn quy chun khng kh xung quanh 3 9 ln (QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT, quy nh bi : 300 g/m3). nhim bi gim khi cht lng ng x c nng ln v Ch d n p dng cc bin php phng nga nhim nh v sinh mt bng, cch ly ngun nhim hoc to m cho nguyn liu, Tuy nhin, c s h tng ca KCN Sng Thn 2 c hon thin nn hm lng bi ny thp hn nhiu. i tng b tc ng chnh : Ton b dn c v sinh vt dc cc tuyn ng xung quanh D n m cc xe ch nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b. Hot ng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b cho Nh my din ra trong thi gian ngn (01 thng), khng lin tc v ti lng khng ln (c nh gi phn ngun gy tc ng). Mc tc ng ln nht trong giai on ny l bi t hot ng vn chuyn v lp t my mc thit b cho nh my ti KCN Sng Thn 2. i tng chu tc ng ch yu l cng nhn trc tip tin hnh lp t. M t tc ng : i vi con ngi th tc ng ca bi ch yu l tch ly trong phi v cc c quan ca ng h hp trn. Cc ht bi kch thc >10 m c gi li bi lng khoang mi, sau thi ra ngoi. Kh nhim v cc ht bi nh tip tc i vo su trong cc c quan h hp v cc ht bi c kch thc <10 m c th b gi li phi, cc ht bi kch thc <1 m c vn chuyn i theo kh trong h thng h hp hay vo mu gy c.
37

Bi trong khng kh c tc hi ch yu n h h hp ri mt, da,... sau ty theo tnh cht ca bi m n c tc ng n cc c quan khc ca c th. Bi bm trn mt da c th gy vim da, ty , nga, rt xt. Vo phi, bi gy kch thch c hc v sinh phn ng x ha phi, gy ra cc bnh v ng h hp : Vim phi, kh thng phi, ung th phi, vim mi d ng, hen ph qun, bnh bi phi. Tuy nhin, tc ng ca bi c gim nhiu do D n p dng cc bin php gim thiu tc ng ca bi trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b c nu chng 4. Cc cht gy nhim khng kh khc giai on ny l CO, NO2, SO2, tuy c pht sinh nhng vi ti lng rt nh (nu phn ngun gy tc ng) nn khng nh hng ln n mi trng khng kh. c. nhim do khi hn, ct kim loi Khi hn pht sinh t qu trnh hn in, ct kim loi c cha mt lng bi kim loi v cc kh thi NO2, SO2, CO. Lng bi kim loi v kh thi NO 2, SO2, CO thot ra ph thuc vo trnh hn ca cng nhn. Nhiu cng trnh nghin cu cho thy, hm lng bi kim loi v nng cc kh thi pht sinh thp thng mang tnh cht gin on nn khng gy tc ng nghim trng cho mi trng khng kh xung quanh. Tuy nhin, khi hn nh hng nhiu n cng nhn lm vic trc tip. Lng bi kim loi v kh NO2, SO2, CO pht sinh t l vi lng que hn. d. nhim mi trng nc Ngun gy nhim nc trong giai on ny ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn v nc ma chy trn trn b mt din tch hin hu ca Cng ty TNHH Tn Hon Cu. Nc ma chy trn Nc ma chy trn qua khu vc D n trong thi gian lp t cng l mt trong nhng tc nhn gy nhim mi trng nu dng chy cun theo st thp vn, g, xng du v cc loi rc thi sinh hot. H thng cng thot nc ma ti D n c l iu kin thun li cho vic khng ch nhim nc ma chy trn. Nc thi sinh hot Ngun pht sinh nc thi ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn lp t. Theo kinh nghim thc t, ty theo thi im m s lng cng nhn lm vic trong D n s khc nhau, theo quy m ca D n th vo thi im ng nht c khong 30 cng nhn tham gia lp t ti Nh my.
38

Nhu cu s dng nc sinh hot ca mi cng nhn bnh qun theo TCXDVN 33 2006 l 45 lt/ngi/ngy. Lng nc thi pht sinh chim khong 80% lng nc s dng. Qthi= 30 ngi x 45 lt/ngy/ngi x 80% = 1,08 m3/ngy Nc thi sinh hot c cha nhiu cht hu c, cn l lng v cng vi cc cht bi tit c cha nhiu loi vi khun gy bnh. Cht bi tit c nh ngha l phn v nc tiu trong c cha nhiu mm bnh truyn nhim d dng ly lan t ngi bnh n ngi khe mnh. Nhn chung, nc thi sinh hot v cc cht bi tit l ngun c cha nhiu loi virus, vi khun, giun sn gy bnh cho ngi, lng cht hu c ca phn v nc tiu c th nh gi qua cc ch tiu BOD5 hoc cc ch s tng t (COD v TOC) : Nc tiu c BOD5 khong 8,6 g/l v phn c BOD5 khong 9,6 g/100g. Do khi nc thi sinh hot thm vo t v thot vo knh rch th y chnh l ngun nhim ch yu cho mi trng t, nc ngm v nc mt ca khu vc. nh gi mc nhim do ngun thi ny, ti lng cht pht sinh v nng cht nhim, c th xc nh da trn h s pht thi ca WHO thit lp nh sau : Bng 3.5 : Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cht nhim BOD5 COD Cht rn l lng (SS) Du m Tng Nit Amni Tng Pht Pho H s Ti lng Nng (g/ngi.ngy) (kg/ngy) (mg/l) 45 54 1,35 1,62 1.250 1500 72 102 2,16 3,06 2.000 2.833 70 145 2,1 4,35 1.944 4.027 10 30 0,3 0,9 278 833 6 12 0,18 0,36 167 333 2,4 4,8 0,072 0,144 67 133 0,8 4,0 0,024 0,12 22 111 Ngun : T chc Y t Th gii WHO, 1993

Theo kt qu tnh ton bng trn nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot kh cao, nu khng c bin php qun l tt s gy nhim mi trng xung quanh khu vc D n. V vy, Ch u t p dng cc bin php hiu qu thu gom v x l nc thi sinh hot ti khu vc D n theo ng quy nh. e. Cht thi Cht thi pht sinh trong giai on ny ch yu t hai ngun : Cht thi sinh hot t hot ng ca cng nhn v cht thi nguy hi, khng nguy hi pht sinh t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b ti D n.
39

 Cht thi sinh hot Cht thi sinh hot pht sinh t hot ng n ung, sinh hot ca cng nhn vi thnh phn ch yu l cm canh tha, v tri cy, ti nilon, v hp cm,... H s pht sinh khong 0,3 0,5 kg/ngi/ngy. Vi s lng cng nhn lm vic 30 ngi th khi lng cht thi rn pht sinh trong giai on ny khong 9 15 kg/ngy. Cht thi sinh hot ch yu cha cc thnh phn hu c, lu ngy c th thi ra, bc mi nh hng n sc khe ca ngi lao ng, pht sinh cc bnh truyn nhim do sinh vt trung gian nh rui, kin, gin, chut mang li.

Cht thi t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b Cht thi pht sinh t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b gm c thnh phn

nguy hi v khng nguy hi. Cc thnh phn khng nguy hi trong qu trnh ny nh st thp vn, carton, g, nha, nylon,... T thc t lp t ti cc nh my khc th khi lng pht sinh c tnh khong 150 kg. Thnh phn nguy hi pht sinh trong qu trnh ny thng l du cn t qu trnh chy cc my mc thit b, gi lau, bao b dnh cc thnh phn nguy hi, bng n hunh quang thi,... y cng l mt ngun gy nhim cn c thu gom v x l. Lng cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong sut qu trnh ny c tnh khong 20 kg. Tuy nhin, D n p dng cc bin php qun l cht thi thch hp nn trn thc t, mc tc ng xu t cht thi giai on ny n mi trng l thp. Cht thi sinh hot c Cng ty Dch v Cng ch th x D An thu gom hng ngy, cht thi t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b c vn chuyn v thi b ng ni quy nh ngay khi pht sinh, cht thi nguy hi c cha vo bn, thng cha, bao b chuyn dng trong khu vc lu tr cht thi nguy hi v Cng ty hp ng vi n v c chc nng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l CTNH n x l CTNH ny theo ng quy nh. f. Tc ng ca cc ngun gy nhim mi trng t Hot ng ca my mc thit b, vic tp kt, lu tr nguyn nhin liu phc v cho cc hot ng ti D n v cc hot ng sinh hot ca cng nhn lm pht sinh cc cht thi gy nhim mi trng t nh : Nc thi, cht thi rn, nguyn vt liu, du m ri vi, r r,... Tuy nhin, mt bng d n nm trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c nh gi tc ng mi trng tng th v khi lng cht thi pht sinh
40

khng ln, thi gian lp t ngn nn cc tc ng tiu cc n mi trng t l khng ng k. 3.1.1.2. Giai on hot ng sn xut Ngun pht sinh tc ng c nu c th trong bng sau : Bng 3.6 : Ngun pht sinh cht thi trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n Cc loi cht thi Ngun pht sinh Dng cht thi Qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d Bi t li cun t mt t, nguyn liu sn phm v cc qu cc kh thi sinh ra do t trnh giao thng khc nhin liu vn hnh xe nh NOx, SO2, CO, bi. Qu trnh t du DO chy my Bi v kh thi nh SO2, pht in d phng rp, ch nhm v sn sn phm NOx, CO, nhit thi, - Ting n. - Kh thi. - Nhit thi. Cng on pha ch ha cht Hi dung mi hu c Mi hi pht sinh trong ton b l mi hi c trng t qu trnh Nc thi nc thi sinh hot v cc ngun kh thi Nc thi sinh hot ca cn b nhim ch yu cc cht v cng nhn vin hot ng hu c BOD5, COD, SS v trong D n vi sinh vt gy bnh Giy vn ph liu pht sinh t Ch yu cha cc thnh vn phng Cht thi khng nguy hi phn nh Xenluloza, Eminxenluloza Bao b ng nguyn vt liu v Bao b khng dnh cc thnh thnh phm Cht thi sinh hot phn c hi Nhiu thnh phn, ch yu l hu c Cc hp mc in v mc my Thnh phn ch yu l nha photo s dng trong vn phng, tng hp, kim loi, thy tinh bng n, pin c quy h hng, c dnh cc cht nguy hi than hot tnh qua s dng, nh kim loi nng, thy
41

Cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp - Bi. Kh thi

Cht thi nguy hi

ngn, ch,

Cc loi thng, phuy c cha Bao gm cc loi thng, hoc nhim du, ha cht phuy st v nha cha du DO, ha cht s dng ti Nh my Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi a. nhim mi trng khng kh Kh thi t qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d nguyn liu, sn phm Cc phng tin giao thng ra vo D n khng ch gy ra s xo trn li cun bi mt t m qu trnh t du vn hnh xe cng pht sinh ra cc ngun nhim. Cc phng tin ny thng s dng nhin liu ch yu l xng v du Diezel, qu trnh vn hnh cc phng tin ny thi vo mi trng khng kh mt lng khi thi c cha cc cht nhim nh : bi, NOX, SO2, CO,... Hng ngy c tnh c khong 10 lt xe hi v xe ti, 200 lt xe gn my ra vo d n v thi gian ti a cho mi ln n my l 10 pht. Vi khong thi gian , xe ti v xe hi s dng khong 1 lt nhin liu, xe gn my s dng ht khong 0,1 lt nhin liu. T c th tnh ton c mi ngy c khong 30 lt nhin liu c cc phng tin s dng ra vo d n. Da vo lng nhin liu s dng v h s nhim khi t nhin liu t cc phng tin do C quan bo v mi trng M (US EPA) v T chc Y t Th gii (WHO) thit lp, ta c th tnh ton c ti lng ca cc cht nhim do hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng ti khu vc Nh my a vo mi trng khng kh nh sau : Bng 3.7 : Ti lng nhim kh thi t nhin liu t cc phng tin giao thng Stt 1 2 3 4 5 Cht nhim H s nhim Ti lng nhim (kg/1.000 lt) (kg/nm) Hydrocacbon 33,2 363,54 SO2 0,90 9,85 NOx 11,30 123,7 CO 291 3.186,45 Aldehyde 0,4 4,38 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v tnh ton

42

Nh vy, t kt qu trn cho thy ti lng cc cht nhim trong kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng ra vo Nh my l khng ln. Khu vc d n c cht lng mi trng nn kh tt nn c th t lm sch ngun nhim ny.

nhim kh thi pht sinh t my pht in d phng

ch ng trong hot ng sn xut ca Nh xng, Cng ty c b tr d phng 01 my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t khong 15 lt/h vi khi lng ring ca du l 0,85 kg/lt th khi lng du DO s dng l 12,75 kg/h. Nhit khi thi 200oC (473oK). Cc thng s nhim chnh t my pht in l bi, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC. Theo ti liu nh gi nhanh ca t chc Y t th gii WHO th ti lng cc cht nhim t qu trnh s dng du DO ca my pht in nh sau. Bng 3.8 : Ti lng cc cht nhim t my pht in d phng Stt 1 2 3 4 5 Cht nhim Bi SO2 NOX CO VOC H s ti lng nhim (kg/tn du) 0,71 20S 9,62 2,19 0,791 Ti lng tnh ton (g/h) 9,05 2,55 122,655 27,92 10,08

Ngun : Pollution World Health Organization, Geneva, 1993 (Ghi ch : S liu tnh ton vi du DO c hm lng lu hunh 1%). Th tch sn phm chy thu c trong qu trnh t 1 kg du DO iu kin chun, [Trn Ngc Chn nhim khng kh v x l kh thi Nxb KHKT, 2001] : V = 0,683.10-2.S + 1,865.10-2 .C + 1,853.10-2(1 )C + 0,111.H + 0,0124.W + 0,0016.d. (1 + 0,0016.d).[0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] + 0,8.10-2.N + 0,79 (1 + 0,0016.d). [0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] + 0,21( 1). (1 + 0,0016.d). [0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] 0,5.1,723.10-3/ Trong : C-Thnh phn Cacbon trong du DO : 76,26% S-Thnh phn Lu hunh trong du : 0,5% O-Thnh phn Oxy trong du DO : 0,22% N-Thnh phn Nit trong du : 0,24%
43
NO2

H-Thnh phn Hydro trong du : 22,72% W-Thnh phn m trong du : 0,05% A-Thnh phn tro : 0,01% -H s khng kh tha : 1,3 -H s chy khng hon ton : 0,05 d- cha hi : 17 g/kg
NO2

-Khi lng ring ca NO2 : 2,054 kg/Nm3

Th tch sn phm chy nhin liu du DO iu kin chun V = 18,7232 m3 chun/kg.du. Nhit kh thi cao nht 200oC (473oK), lng kh thi thc t l: 18,7232 x (273 + 200)/273 = 32,4398 m3/kg du. Nh vy, ta c lu lng kh thi t my pht in nh sau :

iu kin chun (25oC, 1atm) : 18,7232 x 12,75 = 238,72 m3/h. nhit 200oC : 32,4398 x 12,75 = 413,61 m3/h. Nng tnh ton cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in nh sau

(mg/Nm3) : Bng 3.9 : Nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in Stt 1 2 3 4 5 Cht nhim Nng QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT, (mg/Nm3) ct B (Kp = 1,0; Kv = 1,0) Bi 37,91 200 SO2 10,68 500 NOX 513,8 850 CO 116,96 1.000 VOC 42,22 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v tnh ton

Nhn xt : Kt qu tnh ton cho thy nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in u thp so vi gii hn cho php ca quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B (Kp = 1,0; Kv = 1,0).
nhim khng kh t khu vc pha ch ha cht

Trong quy trnh sn xut ti Nh my c cng on pha ch ha cht v vy s lm pht sinh hi dung mi hu c nh Toluen, Xylen, Axeton, Vic pha ch ha cht c s dng dung mi hu c trong iu kin bnh thng d dng phn tn vo mi trng xung quanh km theo cc mi rt c trng ca Toluen, Xylen, Axeton,
44

do tnh c th cc mi ny l d nhn bit bng khu gic d nng rt b v thng gy cm gic kh chu. Theo s liu tham kho o hm lng hi dung mi hu c ti cng on pha ch ha cht ca nh my c cng ngh sn xut tng t l Cng ty TNHH Scancom Vit Nam ti KCN Sng Thn 1 th nng cc cht nhim ti cng on ny c trnh by trong bng sau. Bng 3.10 : Nng cc cht nhim trong khng kh ti cng on pha ch ha cht Stt 1 2 3 Cht nhim Nng TCVS theo Q 3733/2002/Q BYT (mg/m3) Toluen 5,12 300 Xylene 7,05 300 Axeton 0,4 1.000 Ngun : Trung tm Quan trc Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Bnh Dng

Nhn xt : Kt qu o c cho thy nng cc cht hu c ti cng on pha ch dung mi hu c thp hn so vi gii hn cho php ca tiu chun v sinh lao ng km theo Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q BYT.
nhim bi v kh thi pht sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch

nhm v sn sn phm Theo kt qu tham kho ca Nh my sn xut bn gh g ca Cng ty TNHH Scancom Vit Nam ti Bnh Dng c cng ngh tng t cho thy, hm lng bi v kh thi ti cc phn xng sn xut ny thay i trong khong 0,204 n 3,033 mg/m3 v u thp hn tiu chun v sinh lao ng km theo Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q BYT (6 mg/m3). n v ly mu, o c v phn tch l Trung tm quan trc ti nguyn v mi trng tnh Bnh Dng. Bng kt qu phn tch o hin trng khng kh ti Nh my sn xut bn gh g ca Cng ty TNHH Scancom Vit Nam nh sau : Bng 3.11 : Kt qu phn tch mu khng kh ti Nh my c cng ngh tng t Ch tiu im o Khu vc ct Khu vc sn sn phm Khu vc lp rp Khu vc ch nhm Bi mg/m3 0,824 3,033 0,704 2,109 NO2 mg/m3 0,135 SO2 mg/m3 0,272 CO mg/m3 1,310
45

Bi NO2 SO2 CO 3 3 3 im o mg/m mg/m mg/m mg/m3 Khu vc lm mu, trang tr 0,690 0,342 0,128 634 TCVSL 3733/2002/Q/BYT 6 10 10 40 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp Nhn xt : Qua kt qu phn tch bng trn cho thy nng bi v kh thi ti cc cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm v sn sn phm thng thp hn tiu chun cho php. Tuy nhin m bo nng bi trong cc phn xng lun t tiu chun quy nh, Cng ty tin hnh lp t thit b Cyclone kh kt hp vi lc bi tay o x l trit lng bi v kh thi pht sinh ny. nhim khng kh do kh thi pht sinh t hot ng giao thng vn ti Trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my, vic vn chuyn, phn phi nguyn liu v hng ha c thc hin bi cc phng tin vn ti. Cc phng tin ny ch yu s dng nhin liu du DO nn thi ra mi trng khng kh mt lng khi thi kh ln cha cc cht nhim nh NO2, CxHy, CO, Ngun pht sinh kh thi do t du DO ca cc phng tin ny th khng tp trung v khng lin tc. c im ca ngun pht sinh kh thi do cc phng tin giao thng vn ti l ngun nhim dng thp, cht c hi pht tn cc b v nng cc kh thi thng khng qu cao, do vy tc ng ca chng khng ng k. Bng 3.12 : Nng cht nhim o ti cng Nh my c cng ngh tng t Stt 1 2 3 4 Cht nhim Bi SO2 NO2 CO Nng (mg/m3) QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT 0,204 0,3 0,262 0,35 0,075 0,2 0,359 30 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

Ch tiu

Nhn xt : Hu ht cc ch tiu khng kh u rt thp so vi quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT. Tc ng ca kh thi Qua phn tch cc ngun gy tc ng trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n thy cc ngun gy nhim khng kh ch yu l bi v kh thi trong qu trnh vn chuyn; kh thi ti my pht in d phng; hi dung mi hu c t khu vc pha ch ha cht v bi, kh thi pht sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm, sn sn phm.
46

Cc tc nhn gy tc ng ch yu c trong kh thi l bi, cc kh axit (SO 2, NO2, CO), THC. i tng chu tc ng ch yu l cng nhn vin ca Nh my, dn c, mi trng v ng thc vt xung quanh D n, c bit l khu vc c hng gi thi chnh. Cc tc ng ca cht gy nhim khng kh c m t trong bng sau. Bng 3.13 : Tc hi ca cc cht gy nhim khng kh Stt Thng s 1 Bi Cc tc ng i vi con ngi v ng vt, bi gy kch thch h hp, x ha phi, ung th phi, gy tn thng da, gic mc mt, bnh ng tiu ha, che chn tm nhn khi giao thng.

i vi thc vt : Bi lm gim kh nng h

hp ca l cy, nh th lm cho cy ho a, gim nng sut nng th lm cho cy cht.

i vi mi trng : Bi lm cho nh sng

khc x, lm nhim bn nc ma v lm tng 2 Cc oxyt axit (SOx, NOx) c trong kh thi ng c nhit khng kh do n c kh nng gi nhit. i vi con ngi v ng vt : Gy nh hng h h hp, phn tn vo mu, SO2 c th nhim c qua da, lm gim d tr kim trong mu.

i vi thc vt : Cc kh axit lm tn thng

l cy, to ma axt nh hng xu ti s pht trin thm thc vt v cy trng. Tng cng qu trnh n mn kim loi, ph hy vt liu b tng v cc cng trnh nh ca.

nh hng xu n kh hu, h sinh thi v

Oxyt cacbon(CO)

tng zn. Gim kh nng vn chuyn xy ca mu n cc t chc, t bo do CO kt hp vi Hemoglobin thnh cacboxyhemoglobin. Gy ri lon h hp phi. Gy hiu ng nh knh.
47

Kh cacbonic (CO2)

Hydrocarbons c trong ha cht bay hi t cht thi Kh H2S t qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu c (ch yu c trong rc thi v nc thi sinh hot)

Tc hi n h sinh thi. Gy nhim c cp tnh : Suy nhc, chng mt, nhc u, ri lon gic quan c khi gy t vong

H2S l kh c mu lc, d lan truyn trong H2S c oxy ha nhanh chng to thnh H2S c ch men Cytochromoxydaza (men h

khng kh v c mi trng thi c trng.

cc Sulfat, cc hp cht c c tnh thp hn.

hp WARBURG) cho nn c tc ng mnh ti h h hp. Ngay nng thp, H2S c tc dng kch thch ln mt v ng h hp. Khi tip xc ko di s lm gim khu gic, nht l tip xc nng cao lm t lit khu gic.

H2S nng 5 ppm gy nhc u kh chu,

nng 500 ppm c th gy t vong. Trong mi trng lao ng, H2S c quy nh nng ti 7 Kh CH4 t qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu c (ch yu c trong rc thi v nc thi sinh hot) a l 10 mg/m3 trung bnh 8 gi. Kh CH4 l sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh ln men k kh. N t gy c hi, nu ch tn ti mt nng thp hn kh nng c th pht chy. Mi e da ch yu nht lin quan n kh sinh ra l vn chy n khi CH4 tn ti nng 5 15%. Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi Cc tc ng ca kh thi t qu trnh hot ng c khng ch bng cc bin php xut trong chng 4 do trn thc t cc tc ng trn c kim sot v khng ch. b. nhim mi trng nc Nc ma chy trn Theo cc ti liu Cp thot nc Nh xut bn Khoa hc K thut, 1996 v Mng li thot nc Nh xut bn xy dng, 1996 th lng nc ma chy trn qua khu vc nh xng c tnh theo cng thc sau :
48

Q= xqxS Trong S : Din tch nh my = 1,2943 ha : H s dng chy (d n i vo hot ng chn = 0,95) q : Cng ma (l/s.ha), q = 166,7 x i
166,7 : Modul chuyn t cng ma tnh theo lp nc sang

cng ma tnh theo th tch.

i (mm/pht) : Cng ca trn ma l t s gia chiu cao lp

nc vi thi gian. Theo s liu thy vn ca khu vc vo nm 2010, th i = 1,2 mm/pht. q = 166,7 x 1,2 = 200,04 (l/s.ha) Tng lng nc ma pht sinh ln nht t Nh my : Q = x q x S = 0,95 x 200,04 x 1,2943 = 0,246 (m3/s) Nc thi sinh hot Theo d kin ca Ch u t, khi D n i vo hot ng n nh s dng khong 450 lao ng. Trung bnh mi ngi lm vic ti Nh my s dng khong 100 lt nc/ngy trong nc v sinh c thu qua b t hoi (nc en) khong 60 lt/ngi/ngy, lng nc cn li trung bnh mi ngi s dng khong 40 lt/ngi/ngy v sinh thng thng nh ra mt, ra tay chn, v sinh sau khi n (nc xm), s khng c thu qua b t hoi. Do vy, lng nc thi sinh hot thi ra i vo b t hoi trung bnh khong 21,6 m/ngy m; lng nc thi sinh hot cn li khng i qua b t hoi trung bnh thi ra mi ngy khong 14,4 m/ngy.m. i vi nc thi sinh hot nh v sinh ra tay chn, mt mi, kh c tnh c nng n nh v ph thuc nhiu vo c tnh sn xut ca mi nh xng. Nc thi ny c Cng ty thu gom v u ni vo h thng thot nc thi chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2. i vi nc v sinh i qua b t hoi, c trng ca loi nc thi ny l c nhiu cht l lng, nng cht hu c cao (t nh v sinh) nu khng c tp trung v x l th cng nh hng xu n ngun nc mt. Ngoi ra, khi tch t lu ngy, cc cht hu c ny b phn hy gy ra mi hi. Bng 3.14 : Tnh cht c trng ca nc thi sinh hot
49

Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6

Cht nhim pH Cht rn l lng Tng cht rn COD BOD5 Tng Nit

Nng trung bnh (mg/l) 6,8 220 720 500 250 40

7 Tng Phospho 8 Ngun : Gio trnh cng ngh x l nc thi Trn Vn Nhn & Ng Th Nga, NXB Khoa Hc K Thut, 1999 Cc cht hu c c trong nc thi sinh hot ch yu l cc loi Carbonhydrate, Protein, Lipid l cc cht d b vi sinh vt phn hy. Khi phn hy th vi sinh vt cn ly oxy ha tan trong nc chuyn ha cc cht hu c ni trn thnh CO2, N2, CH4, Nng cc cht nhim c trong nc thi sinh hot u vt quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B Tiu chun thu gom nc thi ca KCN Sng Thn 2 nhiu ln. V vy, nc thi sinh hot phi c x l cc b ti cc b t hoi 03 ngn ca Nh my trc khi u ni dn nc thi sinh hot v h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 x l t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thi vo knh Ba B.
Nc thi sn xut

Trong ton b quy trnh cng ngh ca Nh my khng s dng nc v vy hot ng ca Nh my khng lm pht sinh nc thi sn xut. Nc thi pht sinh ti D n ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn vin ca Nh my. Tc ng ca nc thi Nh phn tch trn ngun nc thi trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n ch yu l nc thi t hot ng sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn vin trong Nh my. Nc thi pht sinh c Ch d n thu gom v x l cc b trc khi thi vo h thng thu gom v x l nc thi chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2, do i tng chu s tc ng chnh l h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Trong trng hp h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 gp s c m nguyn nhn l do khng kim sot c ht nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi u vo th i tng chu tc ng gin tip l knh Ba B.
50

Da vo cc ngun nhim c trng ca nc thi, Chng ti a ra cc tc hi ca mt s cht nhim trong nc thi nh sau. Bng 3.15 : Tc hi ca mt s cht nhim trong nc thi Stt Thng s 1 Nhit ca nc thi t h thng x l kh thi v nc thi sinh hot Tc hi Lm nh hng n ng thc vt c trong ngun tip nhn nc thi nh cy ci v ng vt sng trn t, c th y c th lm gim nng sut ca cy hay lm cht cy v cc loi cn trng sng trong t ti cc h thot nc ca d n. nh hng n tc v dng phn hy cc hp cht hu c trong nc thi.
Lm tng kh nng bc hi ca cc cht

thi c trong nc, c bit l cc hp cht d bay hi nh Amonia.

51

Cc cht hu c t nc thi sinh hot COD). (BOD5,

Gim nng xy ha tan trong nc. Cc

hp cht ny phn hy gy ra mi kh chu cho cng nhn vin hot ng trong nh my. Cc hp cht hu c c trong nc thi cn lm cho nhim nc ngm v t khu vc tip nhn ngun nhim ny, l mi trng pht trin cc vi sinh vt gy bnh cho con ngi v ng vt lm vic ti d n v xung quanh d n.
Cc cht hu c qu cao nu khng c

x l s lm nh hng n cht lng nc u vo ca h thng x l nc thi tp trung KCN Sng Thn 2 v cc qu trnh x l tip theo. Tuy nhin mc nh hng khng cao do khi thit k h thng x l nc thi tp trung, nh u t tnh n cc ch tiu ny c th vt Quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B. 3 Cht rn l lng c trong nc thi sinh hot Lm bt cc mao dn trong t khu vc t thm, gim kh nng thm nc.
Cc cht l lng thm vo nc ngm cn

lm gim cht lng nc ngm khu vc D n, nh hng n trong ca nc. 4 Cc cht dinh dng (N,P) Gy hin tng ph dng, m y l t trong c trong nc thi sinh khu vc D n, gy ra hin tng pht trin mnh hot mt s loi ru v thc vt khng c ch.

52

Cc vi khun gy bnh c trong nc thi sinh hot

Nc c ln vi khun gy bnh l nguyn

nhn ca cc dch bnh.

Coliform l nhm vi khun gy bnh

ng rut. E.coli (Escherichia Coli) l vi khun thuc nhm Coliform, c nhiu trong phn ngi. Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi Tc ng ca cc yu t c trong nc thi sinh hot trong qu trnh hot ng c khng ch v kim sot bng cc bin php m t trong chng 4 do trn thc t, cc tc ng gim nhiu so vi nhng m t ti bng trn. c. Cht thi
Cht thi sinh hot

Cht thi thng thng pht sinh t D n bao gm mt s giy vn ph liu pht sinh trong hot ng ca vn phng, cc bao b ng nguyn vt liu khng dnh cc thnh phn c hi v rc thi sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn vin : Giy vn ph liu t vn phng c tnh lng ph liu ny pht sinh khong 2 3 kg/ngy. Thnh phn ch yu ca ngun ph thi ny l Xenluloza, Heminxenluloza. Vi tng s lng cng nhn vin lm vic khi D n i vo sn xut n nh khong 450 ngi v trung bnh mi ngi mi ngy thi ra khong 0,3 0,5 kg, th khi lng cht thi rn sinh hot c tnh l 135 225 kg/ngy. Thnh phn thng thng ca cht thi rn sinh hot nh sau :

Bng 3.16 : Thnh phn ca cht thi sinh hot Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Thnh phn Thc n tha Giy cc loi Que, g vn Cao su, nha V c, v s Thy tinh Gch , t,si, snh s T l (%) 50,27 2,72 6,27 0,71 1,06 0,31 7,43
53

8 9

Kim loi Rc vn kch c di 10 mm

1,02 30,21

Tng cng 100% Ngun : PTS. Nghim Xun t Nng cao hiu qu qun l cht thi rn thnh ph NXB chnh tr quc gia Cht thi sinh hot phn ln l c hm lng cht hu c d phn hy sinh hc. y l mi trng thun li cc vt mang mm bnh sinh si, pht trin nh : Rui, mui, chut, gin, lm mt v sinh v m quan ca Nh my, nh hng n sc khe ca ngi tip xc trc tip vi ngun nhim ny. Ngoi ra, nu khng c bo qun tt, nc ma chy trn qua khu vc cha cht thi rn sinh hot cun theo cc cht nhim thm vo t lm nh hng n mi trng t, nc mt, nc ngm. Qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu c cn sinh ra mi hi thi nh hng n mi trng khng kh khu vc. Qua bng trn th cc cht thi rn loi ny cha nhiu cht hu c d phn hy v pht sinh vi khi lng kh ln, v vy nu khng c thu gom v x l sinh ra mi hi thi lm nh hng n sc khe v lm mt v p m quan ca Nh my. Cht thi khng nguy hi Thnh phn cht thi rn sn xut ca Nh my ch yu l cc loi ph liu g vn, da trang tr tha, khng dnh cc thnh phn nguy hi. Khi lng cht thi rn ny pht sinh khong 50 kg/ngy. Cc loi cht thi ph liu c kh nng ti ch c thu gom lu cha vo khu vc ring v bn li cho cc c s c nhu cu mua cc loi ph liu ny. i vi cht thi khng nguy hi khng c kh nng ti ch c Ch d n hp ng vi cc n v c chc nng thu gom v x l.
Cht thi nguy hi

Cht thi rn nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca Nh my ch yu l pin c quy, bng n hunh quang thi, gi lau dnh du m, cn du m, than hot tnh qua s dng,... Khi lng pht sinh khong 80 kg/ngy. Khi lng cht thi rn nguy hi trn c Cng ty thu gom hng ngy v lu cha vo khu vc lu cha tm thi CTNH ng theo Ngh nh 59/2007/N CP ngy 09/04/2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn v Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng quy nh v qun l cht thi nguy hi.

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Ngoi ra, Cng ty tin hnh lm h s ng k S ch ngun thi cht thi nguy hi pht sinh ti Nh my v Cng ty cng hp ng vi n v c chc nng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l CTNH x l CTNH theo ng quy nh. Ma s cua cac cht thai nguy hai trn c lit k trong bang sau : Bang 3.17 : Danh mc cc cht thi nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca d n Stt 1 2 3 4 Tn CTNH Bng n hunh quang thi Du nhin liu v du Diesel thi Than hot tnh qua s dng t qu trnh x l kh thi Gi lau, vi bo v thi b Trng thi tn ti thng thng Rn Lng Rn S lng (kg/thng) 1 5 60 10 M CTNH 16 01 06 17 06 01 12 01 04 18 02 01

Rn nhim cc thnh phn nguy hi 5 Pin, cquy ch thi Rn 6 Hp mc in vn phng Rn Tng cng Ghi ch : M CTNH theo Thng t 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v qun l cht thi nguy hi. 3.1.2. Ngun tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi
3.1.2.1.

2 19 06 01 2 08 02 04 80 14/04/2011 ca B

Giai on lp t my mc thit b a. nhim ting n

Ting n trong giai on lp t my mc thit b ch yu l do hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng lp t. Mc n cch ngun 1m ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng c trnh by trong bng sau. Mc n gim dn theo khong cch nh hng v c th d bo nh sau : Lp(x) = Lp(xo) + 20 log10(xo/x)
Lp(xo) : Mc n cch ngun 1m (dBA) xo = 1m Lp(x) : Mc n ti v tr cn tnh ton (dBA) x : V tr cn tnh ton (m)

Bng 3.18 : Mc n ti a t hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng Stt Cc phng tin Mc n cch ngun 1m (dBA)
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Khong

Trung bnh

Mc n cch ngun 20m (dBA) 60,5 62,0 55,0

Mc n cch ngun 50m (dBA) 52,5 54,0 47,0

1 My ko 86,5 77,0 96,0 2 Xe ti 88,0 82,0 94,0 3 My nn kh 81,0 75,0 87,0 QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT : 70 dBA (T 6 21h) Tiu chun ca B Y T i vi khu vc sn xut : 85 dBA (vi thi gian tip xc 8 gi)

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp Nhn xt : Mc n ti a do hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v lp t my mc thit b ti v tr cch ngun 20 m v 50 m nh hn gii hn cho php ca quy chun QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n. Ngoi ra, hot ng lp t my mc thit b cho Nh my ch thc hin vo ban ngy, v vy tc ng do ting n n khu dn c xung quanh l khng ng k. b. nh hng ca rung Cc thit b, my mc dng trong qu trnh lp t thng sinh ra nhng rung ng ln nh hng trc tip ti sc khe ca cng nhn cng nh lan truyn trn nn t mi trng ra mi trng xung quanh. nh hng n cng nhn trc tip vn hnh : Mc gia tc rung c xc nh theo cng thc : La = 20 log (A/A0) (dB) Trong A : Gi tr gia tc rung tnh my m/s2 A0 : Gia tc ngng chun (A0 = 10-5 m/s2) Ty thuc vo chng loi v cng sut ca cc thit b my mc m mc rung ng sinh ra s khc nhau. nh hng n mi trng xung quanh : Rung ng sinh ra trong qu trnh hot ng lm vic ca cc thit b dng trong giai on lp t my mc khng nhng ch gy nh hng ti mi trng lao ng, ti sc khe ngi cng nhn vn hnh, thao tc my m cn lan truyn di dng sng mt trn nn t gy nhng tc ng nht nh ti mi trng xung quanh.
c. Tp trung cng nhn trong giai on lp t my mc thit b

Vic tp trung cng nhn lao ng trong giai on ny c bit i vi nhng cng nhn t ni khc n c th nh hng n tnh hnh an ninh trt t ca khu vc.
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Tuy nhin, vi s lng cng nhn trong giai on ny khng cao d kin khong 30 ngi phn chia theo tng giai on, do mc tc ng ny khng ng k. d. Gia tng s lng phng tin giao thng Vic vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b s lm nh hng n hot ng giao thng trn cc tuyn ng vn chuyn : Gia tng s lng phng tin giao thng, ri vi vt liu,... 3.1.2.2. Giai on hot ng Do Nh my s dng t v c s h tng ca KCN Sng Thn 2 nn cc tc ng xi mn, trt, st l, ln t, thay i nc mt, nc ngm, xm nhp mn, phn, bin i kh hu, suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng,... c nh gi trong qu trnh quy hoch v nh gi tc ng mi trng cho ton th KCN Sng Thn 2. V vy, qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my tun th y theo cc quy hoch v cc quy nh qun l ca KCN Sng Thn 2. T hot ng cc phng tin giao thng trong khun vin Nh my : Hot ng ca cc xe ti, container vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v sn phm ra vo Nh my. Tuy nhin y l ngun gy n khng lin tc do Nh my c quy nh thi gian nhp xut nguyn liu v sn phm ring. Ting n ti tt c cc phn xng ca Nh my u ln. Ting n pht sinh ch yu t va p ca kim kh, ting n t cc my mc thit b c cng sut ln nh my nn kh, my sy kh, my ch nhm, my p, my phay,... S liu tham kho o n ca nh my c cng ngh sn xut tng t l Cng ty TNHH Scancom Vit Nam ti KCN Sng Thn 1 c trnh by trong bng sau Bng 3.19 : Kt qu o n mi trng khng kh ti cc nh my c cng ngh sn xut tng t Ch tiu phn tch Khu vc sn xut (K1) n (dBA) 84 TCVSL 3733/2002/Q 85 BYT QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Ghi ch : QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.
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Khu vc xung quanh (K2) 60 -

70 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

TCVSL 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 : Cht lng mi trng khng kh trong khu vc sn xut. K1 : V tr cch khu vc sn xut ang hot ng khong 10m. K2 : V tr b tng ro cui hng gi. Ngoi ra, theo kt qu tham kho ti mt s nh my khc c cng ngh sn xut tng t ti Tp. HCM, Bnh Dng th n ti khu vc sn xut nm trong khong t 76 85 dBA v n ti cc khu vc khc (khu vc vn phng, tng ro) nm trong khong t 60 65 dBA. bo m sc khe cho cng nhn lao ng ti cc khu vc c n cao Cng ty lp t thit b gim ting n, rung trong khu vc sn xut ng thi p dng cc bin php bo h lao ng khng gy nh hng n sc khe cng nhn. a. Nhit v m Nhit pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut ca nh my ch yu pht sinh t cc ngun nh h thng my sy kh, h thng bung sy,... Kt qu kho st cc nh my c cng ngh sn xut tng t cho thy, nhit ti cc khu vc ny lun duy tr 34 36oC, cao hn tiu chun nhit trong mi trng lao ng. V vy Nh my lp t qut gi, qut cng nghip gim nhit trong khu vc sn xut, lm thng thong nh xng. 3.1.3. i tng b tc ng Cc i tng chu s tc ng chnh trong qu trnh trin khai thc hin d n ch yu l cc i tng t nhin (bao gm mi trng vt l v mi trng sinh thi), kinh k x hi. C th cc i tng v quy m chu s tc ng c lit k nh sau : 3.1.3.1. Mi trng vt l Tc ng n mi trng vt l ch yu lin quan n vic pht sinh cht thi v cc yu t c kh nng gy bin i n thnh phn t nhin ca mi trng t, nc v khng kh. Qua phn tch v nh gi cc ngun gy tc ng c th xc nh c i tng v quy m tc ng nh sau : a) Tc ng n mi trng t

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Cc tc nhn gy tc ng : Tc nhn gy tc ng trc tip n mi trng t l cc hot ng o p t, vn chuyn t v cc hot ng lm pht sinh nc thi, cht thi rn v tc nhn gy tc ng gin tip l kh thi. Tc ng chnh : Qua vic nh gi cc ngun gy tc ng th thy mi trng t chu nhng tc ng chnh l do s thay i cc thnh phn t nhin ca t ch yu do cc loi cht thi gy ra. Vi c im cc ngun thi ti Nh my th cc dng nhim t c th l s gia tng ca kim loi nng, vi sinh vt gy bnh, du m v cc thnh phn hu c trong t. Quy m chu s tc ng
Khng gian chu s tc ng : Ch yu l t trong khun vin Nh

my, t dc cc tuyn ng thot nc, t ti khu vc tip nhn nc thi v cht thi rn.
Thi gian chu s tc ng : Thi gian chu s tc ng l khong

thi gian t giai on trin khai lp t my mc thit b n khi Nh my i vo hot ng v khong thi gian sau . b) Tc ng n mi trng khng kh Cc tc nhn gy tc ng : Tc nhn gy tc ng trc tip n mi trng khng kh trc tip l qu trnh t nhin liu s dng kh oxy v thi ra cc loi kh axit, nhit v bi. Ngoi ra cc hot ng sn xut cn pht sinh ra hi kh c t cc ha cht s dng, qu trnh phn hy ca nc thi v cht thi rn. Tc ng chnh : Vi c im ca cht thi pht sinh th tc ng chnh ca d n n mi trng khng kh l lm bin i cc yu t vi kh hu ca khng kh nh m, nhit . Hin tng gia tng cc kh axit trong mi trng khng kh c th l nguyn nhn gy ra ma axit v l tc nhn chnh gy ra hin tng m dn ln ca tri t. Quy m chu s tc ng
Khng gian chu s tc ng : Ch yu l khng kh xung quanh khu

vc d n, khng kh dc theo hng gi,Vic xc nh khng gian chu s tc ng ca khng kh l rt kh do n ph thuc rt nhiu vo iu kin thi tit v kh hu khu vc d n.
Thi gian chu s tc ng : Thi gian chu s tc ng l khong

thi gian d n hot ng v pht sinh kh thi. Phm vi nh hng ca

59

kh thi rng, tuy nhin so vi kh nng t lm sch ca mi trng nc v t th mi trng khng kh c kh nng t lm sch v pht tn cao hn do khong thi gian mi trng khng kh chu s tc ng ca kh thi cng chnh l khong thi gian hot ng ca d n pht sinh ra kh thi. 3.1.3.2. Mi trng kinh t x hi Khi D n c trin khai v i vo hot ng a bn th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng th i tng chu tc ng chnh t hot ng ca D n l kinh t x hi ca th x D An ni ring v tnh Bnh Dng ni chung. i tng con ngi v sinh vt Con ngi v sinh vt l cc i tng chu s tc ng ca c yu t c lin quan n cht thi v khng lin quan n cht thi. Do con ngi v sinh vt sng trong mi trng t nhin v chu s tc ng trc tip ca cc yu t t nhin nn nu mi trng sng b nhim th con ngi cng phi gnh chu nhng tc ng ca s nhim v cc hot ng c lin quan. Ngoi ra, khc vi nhng sinh vt khc, con ngi cn chu s tc ng ca i sng kinh t x hi nn hot ng ca d n c tc ng n i sng kinh t x hi cng s tc ng trc tip n con ngi. Do D n c thc hin trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c quy hoch nn tc ng ca cc yu t khc ngoi cht thi n con ngi v sinh vt l khng ng k. Cc tc ng chnh : Tc ng trc tip n sc khe v tinh thn con ngi, s a dng ca cc sinh vt trong vng. Quy m chu s tc ng

Khng gian chu s tc ng : L khong khng gian chu s nhim

ca cc cht thi, c th y l cng nhn lao ng trc tip ti nh my, dn c v sinh vt sng dc theo hng gi c mang theo ngun kh thi nhim ca nh my v thy sinh sng trong vc sng c tip nhn ngun nc thi ca KCN Sng Thn 2 trong c nc thi ca nh my.

Thi gian chu s tc ng : L khong thi gian cc cht thi c hi

cn lu li trong mi trng sng ca con ngi v sinh vt. 3.1.4. D bo nhng ri ro, s c mi trng do d n gy ra 3.1.4.1. Trong giai on lp t my mc thit b
a. Tai nn lao ng 60

Bt c cng trnh lp t no cng tc an ton lao ng l vn c c bit quan tm t nh u t cho n ngi lao ng trc tip lm vic. Cc vn c kh nng pht sinh ra tai nn lao ng :

S nhim mi trng c kh nng lm nh hng xu n sc khe

ca ngi lao ng trn Nh my. Cht nhim nh khi thi c cha bi, SO2, CO, NO2, Ty thuc vo thi gian v mc tc ng c kh nng lm nh hng n ngi lao ng, gy chong vn, mt mi, thm ch ngt xu (thng xy ra i vi ngi cng nhn n hoc ngi c sc khe yu).

Khu vc lp t my mc thit b thng xuyn c nhiu phng Qu trnh s dng cc loi phng tin cn cu, thit b bc d c th Vic lm vic trn tng cao lm tng kh nng tai nn lao ng do Tai nn lao ng t vic tip cn vi ngun in nh cng tc thi

tin vn chuyn ra vo c th dn n tai nn do xe c gy ra.

dn n , ri v.

trt t khi vn chuyn my mc, thit b ln cc tng cao.

cng h thng, va chm vo cc ng dy in dn ngang qua ng, gi bo gy t dy in,

Trong nhng ngy ma th nguy c tai nn lao ng do t mm, b. S c chy n Chy n cc khu vc lp t my mc thit b l mt trong nhng him ha

trn cng nh cc s c v in d xy ra hn.

m c Ch u t, c quan chnh quyn a phng v c ngi lao ng cn quan tm, c cc nguyn nhn dn n nguy c chy n l :

S c chy n do in : Trong giai on ny hu nh cc nhu cu

dng in u phi u ni tm b, chnh v vy kh nng gy ra chp in v dn n chy n rt cao.

S c chy n do nhin liu du DO : Nguyn liu du dng cho cc

phng tin vn chuyn ni b v cc phng tin thi cng thng c lu tr trong khu vc d n. Nu ni lu tr ny (kho, bi) nm gn h thng cung cp in, ni c gia nhit th nguy c dn n chy n rt d xy ra.

Do Ch u cn c bit quan tm, c bin php hng dn cho

cng nhn v phn khu vc r rng trong vic lu tr cng nh tin hnh s dng
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ngun in, c phng n phng chy cha chy v thng xuyn cho tin hnh kim tra cc khu vc c th dn n nguy c chy n. 3.1.4.2. Trong giai on hot ng a. R r ha cht S c r r nguyn nhin liu dng lng hay kh khi xy ra gy ra nhng tc hi ln (nht l r r cc hp cht dng kh) nh gy c cho con ngi, ng thc vt, gy chy, n Cc s c loi ny c th dn ti thit hi ln v kinh t x hi cng nh h sinh thi trong khu vc v cc vng ln cn. b. Tai nn lao ng Do phi lm vic trong mi trng tip xc vi ngun nhit ln nn tai nn lao ng rt d xy ra do nhiu nguyn nhn nh :

Khng tun th nghim ngt cc quy nh khi vn hnh my mc, Khng thc hin y cc quy nh an ton lao ng ca Nh my. Khi tai nn xy ra s gy hu qu ln v tnh mng con ngi cng nh tm l

thit b trong dy chuyn sn xut.

ca cng nhn lm vic v nhiu vn lin quan khc. V vy, Cng ty cn phi thc hin nghim ngt cc iu kin an ton lao ng trong qu trnh lm vic cho cng nhn. c. S c chy n c im sn xut ca D n l s dng ngun nhit v cc kh d bt la nh du DO, in V vy, kh nng xy ra cc s c ha hon l rt cao do nhiu nguyn nhn nh:

Vn chuyn cc cht d chy nh xng, du qua nhng ni pht sinh S bt cn ca cng nhn nh vt tn thuc vo nhng khu vc lu S c nh chp in, n cu ch, Nu ha hon xy ra th s gy thit hi rt ln cho con ngi, ti sn v c mi

nhit hay qua gn tia la in. tr du, nhin liu d chy.

trng xung quanh. Do , Nh my p dng thc hin cc bin php an ton trong phng chng chy n. d. S c do x l cht thi khng t yu cu hay h hng thit b
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Cc cht thi pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n thng l cc cht c hi nn nu khng c x l trit s lm hi cho mi trng v cng nhn lao ng. Cc s c c th xy ra l:

S c h hng my mc thit b ca nh my : Cc my mc hot

ng trong nh my nu c h hng v khng c pht hin kp thi c th lm gia tng ting n, rung ng hay r r nhin liu, ha cht.

H thng x l kh thi gp s c : C th do qut ht khng cng

sut ht cc kh nhim pht sinh t cc h thng sy lm cho nng cc cht nhim tng cao trong khu vc nh xng, bm nc khng cng sut ra kh, Cc s c ny xy ra lm dn n kt qu kh thi pht tn khng t tiu chun lm nhim bu khng kh xung quanh khu vc. 3.2. Nhn xt v mc chi tit, tin cy ca cc nh gi Trong qu trnh nh gi cc tc ng mi trng ca D n, Chng ti tnh ton d bo tt c cc tc ng xu c th xy ra i vi mi trng khng kh, mi trng nc, mi trng t trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b cng nh trong qu trnh hot ng. ng thi, cng d on c cc ri ro, s c c th xy ra. T , lm c s ra cc bin php c th v thc t khc phc cc tc ng xu, cc s c. Cc d on v nh gi c da trn s liu tham kho c tin cy cao, v nhng s liu trn l kt qu ca qu trnh nghin cu, kho st thc t trn khu vc d n. Mc tin cy ca cc phng php s dng c a ra trong bng sau : Bng 3.20 : Tng hp mc tin cy ca cc phng php TM s dng Phng php Phng php kho st Phng php so snh Phng php lit k Phng gii php nh gi tin cy Cao Cao Trung bnh L gii Phng php ly mu, o c, phn tch theo tiu chun Cc kt qu o c, phn tch c so snh vi cc TCVN, QCVN hin hnh Phng php nh gi da trn ch quan ca ngi nh gi Da vo h s nhim do T chc Y t Th gii thit lp nn cha tht ph hp vi iu kin Vit Nam
63

nhanh ca T chc Y t Th Trung bnh

Phng php tham kho kin chuyn gia

Tham kho kin ca cc chuyn gia Cao chuyn ngnh c kinh nghim trong

lnh vc mi trng Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

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CHNG 4 NHNG BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG
4.1. i vi cc tc ng xu Trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b, Ch d n quan tm v a ra cc phng n khng ch nhim, bo m an ton lao ng, sc khe cho ngi lao ng ng thi hn ch ti mc thp nht cc tc ng nh hng n mi trng xung quanh. Trn c s phn tch cc ngun gy nhim trong hot ng lp t my mc thit b v xc nh cc ngun gy nhim c trng, Cng ty thc hin cc bin php khng ch nhim v gim thiu cc tc ng ti mi trng, cng nhn trc tip lm vic v cc h dn xung quanh nh sau :
4.1.1. Trong giai on lp t my mc thit b

4.1.1.1.

Khng ch cc tc ng xu c lin quan n cht thi

a) Khng ch nhim bi khng ch nhim bi, Ch d n thc hin cc bin php sau :
Cc xe vn chuyn cc my mc, thit b khi chy trong D n phi chy vi

vn tc nh quy nh khng li cun bi t mt t.

Ngoi ra, i vi cc cng nhn lm nhim v bc xp, vn chuyn cc my

mc, thit b v cng nhn lp t c trang b khu trang v mt knh chng bi. Trong sut qu trnh lp t my mc thit b, Ch d n thng xuyn thc hin cc bin php khng ch bi m bo nng bi trong khng kh t quy chun khng kh xung quanh QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT. Khng ch nhim kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng v cc phng tin c gii. Kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng v cc my c gii hot ng trong khu vc D n l ngun nhim phn tn v rt kh kim sot. hn ch nh hng bi v kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng n mi trng, Ch d n thc hin ng lot cc bin php khng ch tng hp nh sau :

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 Cc phng tin giao thng khi vo D n, phi u ng v tr quy nh v

phi tt my xe, sau khi bc d cc loi my mc thit b xong mi c n my ra khi khu vc. Cc phng tin giao thng vn ti v cc my c gii phi s dng ng vi thit k ca ng c, khng hot ng qu cng sut thit k. B tr hp l tuyn ng vn chuyn v i li. Kim tra cc phng tin thi cng nhm m bo cc thit b, my mc lun trong iu kin tt nht v mt k thut.
Cc phng tin i ra khi D n phi c v sinh, ra bi.

Hn ch vn chuyn vo gi c mt ngi qua li cao. Vi vic thc hin cc bin php trn, D n m bo kim sot c ngun nhim ny t quy chun khng kh xung quanh QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT. b) Khng ch nc thi Trong giai on lp t my mc thit b cho D n, nc thi c quan tm ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn vin hot ng ti D n. Vi lng cng nhn ti a ti cng trng l 30 ngi th nc thi sinh hot pht sinh l 1,08 m3/ngy. Nc thi t qu trnh v sinh c x l cc b ti cc b t hoi 03 ngn m bo t quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B. c) Quy trnh thu gom cht thi rn. Cht thi rn ch yu trong thi gian ny ch yu l g vn, st thp ri vi, bao b, gi lau v cht thi rn sinh hot. Ni chung y l cc cht thi rn phn hy chm, gy tc hi khng ng k n mi trng. Tuy nhin m bo m quan mi trng xung quanh th Cng ty : Cc loi thng, bao b bng giy, nilon v kim loi c th bn cho cc c s ti ch ph liu ti s dng.
Cc loi cht thi khng cn kh nng ti s dng c thu gom v cha trong

nhng thng bng nha hoc bng kim loi c np y c t ng ni quy nh. Cng ty hp ng vi cc dch v thu gom rc cng cng ca khu vc hng ngy ti thu gom v chuyn ch ti bi rc x l.

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Qu trnh qun l v thu gom cht thi rn m bo quy nh ca Ngh nh 59/2007/N CP ngy 09/4/2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan. 4.1.1.2. Khng ch tc ng xu khng lin quan n cht thi
a) Khng ch ting n trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b

khng ch ting n, Ch d n p dng mt s bin php nh sau : Trnh s vn chuyn v bc d nguyn vt liu cng mt lc nhiu xe, nh vy s gy ra ting n do s cng hng ca m thanh. Xy dng ch vn hnh ca xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v ch bc d nguyn vt liu hp l, trnh vn chuyn cc loi nguyn vt liu vo cc gi cao im trnh cc nh hng v giao thng cng nh ch ngh ngi, sinh hot ca cng nhn v ngi dn trong cc khu vc ln cn.
hn ch ting n pht sinh i vi cc loi my mc c gii th Cng ty s

dng cc loi my mc hin i, t pht sinh ting n, thng xuyn c ch kim tra mi mn ca cc chi tit, tra du m bi trn ng c. i vi cc my c rung ln phi c b ng vi cng sut v trng lng ca my rung gy ra khng vc qu tiu chun, TCVN 6962 2001. Rung ng v chn ng Rung ng do cc hot ng xy dng v sn xut cng nghip Mc ti a cho php i vi mi trng khu cng cng v khu dn c. b) Nc ma Trong giai on lp t my mc thit b, nc ma cng l vn m D n phi quan tm. L ngun t gy nhim nhng li nh hng nhiu n qu trnh lp t my mc thit b nn Cng ty thit k h thng mng thu nc ma xung quanh D n u ni nc ma vo cng thot nc ma chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2, khng nc ma chy trn hay ngp ng cc b trong khu vc D n. c) Khng ch tc ng do s tp trung lao ng S tp trung lao ng trong giai on lp t my mc thit b l nguyn nhn gy ra s gia tng cc p lc v c s h tng, xo trn i sng x hi a phng. hn ch cc nh hng, Cng ty tuyn dng lao ng ti ch c th hn ch nhiu cc tc ng tiu cc do nguyn nhn ny gy ra.

67

4.1.2. Khng ch tc ng xu trong giai on hot ng 4.1.2.1. Khng ch cc tc ng xu c lin quan n cht thi a) Khng ch bi v kh thi t qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d hng ha Bi pht sinh t qu trnh vn chuyn v bc d nguyn liu, sn phm c tnh cht l phn tn, tc ng khng lin tc v nng khng cao. khng ch ngun nhim ny, mt s bin php khng ch hiu qu m Cng ty p dng l :
Xy dng ch chy ca xe vn chuyn hng v ch bc d hng hp

l. Xe khi vo n khu vc D n phi chy chm vi tc cho php, trong thi gian bc d nguyn liu v sn phm khng n my. B tng ha v thng xuyn qut dn v sinh khu vc tp kt nguyn liu, khu vc kho v khu vc tp kt nguyn liu hn ch ti a bi pht tn t mt t.
Trang b bo h lao ng nh khu trang chng bi, mt knh chuyn dng,

gng tay, cho cng nhn bc xp hng ho.

Trng cy xanh trong cc khu vc Nh my, trn cc tuyn ng ni b

v khu bi nhn nguyn liu v cy xanh c tc dng iu ha vi kh hu v khng ch bi rt hiu qu. V sinh qut dn thng xuyn khun vin Nh my thu gom bi. Cc phng tin giao thng phi c bo tr v thay th nu khng cn m bo k thut. Bn cnh cn s dng nhin liu c hm lng lu hunh thp. b) Khng ch v gim thiu tc ng cho bi cha nguyn nhin liu B tr bi cha nguyn nhin liu ti nhng v tr khng c nhy cm mi trng cao.
Hn ch cc ngun d pht sinh chy, n nh la, my pht in,... Lp ro

chn cch ly cc khu vc nguy him nh nh kho cha nhin liu xng, du,... Hn ch s r r nhin liu trong qu trnh bm, ht v c h thng thu gom. Khu vc kho cha c nn cao hn so vi khu vc xung quanh. Xy dng chng trnh phng chy cha chy khi gp s c xy ra.

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c) Khng ch kh thi t my pht in d phng Nh trnh by trn, my pht in c vn hnh trong trng hp mt in mng li, do ngun nhim pht sinh t my pht in mang tnh cht gin on, mc tc ng n mi trng xung quanh khng cao. Cng ty tin hnh lp t ng khi my pht in 350 KVA vi chiu cao ca ng khi thi c th c tnh ton da vo cc cng thc sau y : Lu lng kh thi t my pht in t du c tnh t cng thc: L = B [V020 + (-1)V0] [(273+t)/273] Trong : B : Lng du t trong mt gi (kg/h) V020 : Khi sinh ra khi t 1kg du Cho V020= 11,5 m3/kg - H s tha khng kh =1,25 1,3 V0 - Lng khng kh cn t 1kg du , V0 = 10,5 m3/kg t - Nhit kh thi gn ng c th ly t 150oC Thay s vo ta c: L = 12 [11,5 + (1,25-1)10,5] [(273+150)/273]= 264 m3/h = 0,073 m3/s ng knh ng khi ly v = 6m/s D = [(4x264)/(x3600x6)]1/2 = 0,22 m Chiu cao ng khi: H=
240 xG /( K 0 xmxn ) Cghx
3

Lx T

Trong K0 : H s lng ng cht nhim trong khng kh, K0 = 1 G : Tng lng cht nhim thi ra (SO2) G = 0,21 g/s (c tnh phn bn di) Cgh = 0,35 mg/m3 (Nng SO2 cho php trong khng kh xung quanh) N : H s xc nh theo thng s Vm Gi s ng khi c chiu cao H = 7m, ta c: Vm = 0,65x
vx t 6 x120 = 0,65 x = 10 ,14 H 7

Vm >2 nn n=1
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f=

v 2 xdx 1000 6 2 x0,22 x1000 = = 1,34 H 2 xt 7 2 x120

1

Vy m = 0,67 + 0,1x f + 0,34 x 3 f = 0,86 H=

240 x0,21 /(1x0,86 x1) 0,35 x 3 0,229 x120 =7

Vy chiu cao ca ng khi l 7m.

d) Khng ch bi v kh thi pht sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch

nhm v sn sn phm Bin php gim thiu bi xut cho cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm v sn sn phm l lp t cc chp ht bi ti cc cng on ny ht bi v thit b Cyclone kh kt hp vi lc bi tay o nhm thu hi trit lng bi pht sinh. Bi

Chp ht ti cc my ch nhm, my p, my ch bin g, my ct v bn phun sn

Thit b Cyclone kh kt hp vi lc bi tay o Hnh 4.1 : S cng ngh x l bi t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm v sn sn ph S cu to ca Cyclone kh nh sau : a) Kh vo b) c) d) e) f) g) Bi Hnh 4.2 : S cu to Cyclone kh
70

Kh ra

M t cng ngh Di tc dng ca qut ht ly tm vi cng sut ln, bi pht sinh b ht vo Cyclone kh. Cyclone c cu to thn hnh tr v y hnh chp, dng khng kh cha bi theo ng ng dn vo Cyclone theo hng tip tuyn vi thn hnh tr, ti y dng khng kh cha bi chuyn ng theo hnh xoy trn c, di tc dng ca lc ly tm bi c tch ra khi dng khng kh lng xung y v ri vo bung cha bi, khng kh sau c tch bi s chuyn ng ln trn v vo thit b lc bi tay o. Hiu qu x l ca Cyclone t khong t 50 60%. Cyclone c lm bng thp CT3 hnh tr, thit b c t trn gi trn. x l trit lng bi pht sinh sau thit b x l Cyclone, Cng ty tin hnh lp t thit b lc bi tay o. Thit b lc bi tay o x l rt c hiu qu. Sau khi qua Cyclone, dng khng kh cha bi x l cha trit s i vo thit b lc bi tay o. Khi vo thit b lc bi tay o, dng khng kh qua lp vi lc, bi s b gi li trn vi lc bm vo thnh tng lp cn khng kh sch s i qua lp vi lc. Trong lc bi tay o c cu to mng rung, khi bi bm bt ht cc l trn vi lc mng rung hot ng bi ri xung ngn thu gom di y thit b. Hiu qu x l bi bng lc bi tay o ty thuc vo cu to ca vi lc c th t 80 90%.
e) Khng ch v gim thiu hi dung mi hu c t khu vc pha ch ha cht

gim thiu nhim hi dung mi hu c t khu vc pha ch ha cht, Nh my thc hin cc bin php sau :
Lp t cc chp ht kh thi nhng ngun gy nhim ti khu vc pha

ch ha cht nhm tng khHi dung mi hu c thot cc ngun ny a v h nng thu gom kh tht thng x l kh thi. Cc chp ht Trang b h thng x l kh thi hp ph bng than hot tnh. ng thi, trang b ng khi c chiu cao hp l sau h thng x l kh thi nhm khuch tn v pha long nng kh thing ng thu gom kh vo khng kh xung quanh. S cng ngh x l kh thi pht sinh t khu vc pha ch ha cht c trnh by trong hnh sau. Thp hp ph Qut ht kh ng khi Kh sch

71

Hnh 4.3 : S cng ngh x l hi dung mi hu c pht sinh ti khu vc pha ch ha cht Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh x l Hi dung mi hu c pht sinh t khu vc pha ch ha cht ca Nh my c ht vo cc chp ht vi vn tc tnh ton ti ming chp l 3 m/s v trong ng dn t 22 24m/s. Hi dung mi hu c sau khi c ht vo ng ng thu gom i qua thit b hp ph. Kh thi sau khi i qua thp hp ph bng than hot tnh tr thnh kh sch v c thot ra ngoi. Than hot tnh c thay th sau khi hp ph bo ho, than hot tnh qua s dng c Nh my lu tr trong khu vc CTNH v hp ng vi cc n v c chc nng thu gom, vn chuyn v x l CTNH x l theo ng quy nh. Kh thi sau khi x l t Quy chun QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B (h s Kp= 1,0; Kv = 1,0) v QCVN 20 : 2009/BTNMT c pht tn qua ng thi cao 15m, ng knh 400mm vo khng kh. f) Bin php gim thiu mi hi v thng thong nh xng Mi hi l mt trong nhng ngun nhim kh thi pht sinh rt kh khc phc. Bin php khc phc tt nht khng ch nhim mi l khc phc nhim ngay ti ngun. C th, Cng ty thc hin mt s bin php sau :

Thu gom v x l trit nc thi sinh hot pht sinh t Nh my. Thu gom v phn loi cht thi rn pht sinh t Nh my. Ton b cht thi rn phi c cha trong bao b v thng rc khng phn hy gy mi.

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Nh my s dng khong 20 thng rc t trong cc khu vc vn phng v sn xut, cc thng rc c dung tch 40 lt v 60 lt.

Lp t qut cng nghip trong khu vc lao ng nhm thng thong nh xng. S lng qut cng nghip cn lp t l khong 15 20 ci.

i vi mui hi phat sinh t nc thai, Cng ty khc phuc bng cac bin phap nh sau : Xy dng kin cac cng trinh nh h thng ng ng thu nc thai va b thu nc thai, h thng b t hoai.

Cng ty lp k hoach s dung hoa cht tit kim va han ch nhim hoa cht d gy mui. u t din tich danh cho cy xanh trong mt bng D an chim t nht 20% tao khun vin xanh trong nha may.

g) Bin php x l nc thi Khi tin hnh u t vo KCN Sng Thn 2, Chng ti cam kt nc thi sinh hot pht sinh t hot ng ca Nh my s c u ni dn v h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 x l trc khi thi vo knh Ba B. Hin ti, KCN Sng Thn 2 xy dng h thng x l nc thi tp trung vi quy m 4.000 m3/ngy.m. V vy, nc thi sinh hot pht sinh cc b ti D n c x l t quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B ri mi dn v h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip tc x l at quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thi vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B. S nguyn l thu gom v x l nc thi ca Nh my c trnh by trong hnh 4.4 sau.

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Nc thi sinh hot (nc en) Nc thi sinh hot (nc xm)

B t hoi

H thng x l nc thi tp trung cng sut 4.000 m3/ngy.m ca KCN Sng Thn 2

Nc ma chy trn

H thng thot nc ma ca Cng ty

H thng thot nc ma ca KCN

Hnh 4.4 : S nguyn l thu gom v x l nc thi ca Nh my X l cc b nc thi sinh hot Tng lu lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh khong 36 m3/ngy.m. Nc thi sinh hot c hai ngun. i vi nc thi ra tay chn thng thng c lc qua song chn rc trc khi a vo h thng x l chung; nc thi t nh v sinh trc khi a vo h thng x l chung ca KCN c x l s b bng b t hoi 03 ngn. Cht nhim c phn hy bi vi sinh vt k kh. Ngn u tin c chc nng tch cn ra khi nc thi. Cn lng di y b c ht ra theo nh k a i x l. Nc thi v cn l lng theo dng chy sang ngn th hai. ngn ny, cn tip tc lng xung y, nc c vi sinh ym kh phn hy, lm sch cc cht hu c trong nc. Sau , nc chy sang ngn th ba lc ton b sinh khi cng nh cn l lng. Tnh ton khi lng b t hoi Wb Wnc Wcn

= =

Wcn + Wnc QVS x K = 21,6 m3 x 2,5 = 54 m3 (K : H s lu lng = 2,5)

= a * N * t * (100 P1 ) * 0,7 * 1,2 * (100 - P2)/100.000 a : Lng cn lng trung bnh ca 1 ngi, a = 0,4 - 0,5 l/ngi.ng N : S ngi sng v hot ng trong vng D n = 450 ngi t : Thi gian tch ly cn trong b t hoi, t = 180 - 365 ng 0,7 : H s tnh n 30% gim th tch cn c phn hy 1,2 : H s tnh n 20% cn c gi li b t hoi ln men cn
74

P1 : m ca cn ti, P1 = 95% P2 : m ca cn trong b t hoi, P2 = 90%

Wcn = 0,4 x 450 x 180 x (100-95) x 0,7 x 1,2 x (100-90)/100.000 = 13,608 m3 Th tch tng cng ca b t hoi s l: Wb = Wnc + Wcn = 54 + 13,608 = 67,608 m3 Cu to b t hoi 03 ngn c ngn lc vi hiu qu x l cao, chi ph xy dng thp.

(3)

(1)

(2)

(4)

Hnh 4.5 : Cu to b t hoi 03 ngn Ghi ch : 1. Ngn lng v ln men k kh 3. Ngn lc 2. Ngn lng tip theo 4. ng x nc thi ra

Nc thi sinh hot sau khi c x l ti cc b t hoi 03 ngn t quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B s c dn vo h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip tc x l t quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) sau mi thi vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B. X l nc thi sn xut Trong ton b quy trnh cng ngh ca Nh my khng s dng nc v vy hot ng ca Nh my khng lm pht sinh nc thi sn xut. Nc thi pht sinh ti D n ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn vin ca Nh my. h) Khng ch nhim cht thi Cht thi ca D n pht sinh t nhiu ngun khc nhau c Cng ty phn loi ti ngun v c bin php x l thch hp.
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 Cht thi khng nguy hi Cht thi khng nguy hi gm c bao b cha nguyn liu, g vn khng ln ha cht, giy thi loi t vn phng, cht thi sinh hot, Cng nhn v sinh ca Cng ty phn thnh hai loi chnh :

Loi c gi tr ti ch : Bao gm giy loi, bao b, g vn, cc mnh nha, hp, mnh vn kim loi, Chng c thu gom v nh k bn li cho cc c s c nhu cu thu mua.

Loi khng c gi tr trong cht thi sinh hot bao gm thc phm d tha, sn phm tha t qu trnh ch bin thc n, cc cht hu c d phn hy c thu gom v lu cha trong cc thng ng rc thi sinh hot c np y ti cc ni quy nh. nh k c Cng ty Dch v Cng ch th x D An thu gom v em x l theo ng quy nh.

Loi khng c gi tr trong cht thi sn xut khng c kh nng ti ch pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my c Ch d n hp ng vi cc n v c chc nng thu gom v x l. Cht thi nguy hi Cht thi rn nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca Nh my ch yu l pin c

quy, bng n hunh quang thi, gi lau dnh du m, cn du m, than hot tnh qua s dng,... CTNH c phn loi khng ln CTNH khc loi vi nhau hoc vi cht thi khc, phng tin thu gom c thit k bo m phng nga r r hoc pht tn CTNH vo mi trng, cc phng tin thu gom c ch to t cc vt liu khng c kh nng tng tc, phn ng vi CTNH. CTNH c thu gom hng ngy v cha trong nh lu tr cht thi nguy hi, cc CTNH c ng gi, bo qun theo chng loi trong cc bn, thng cha, bao b chuyn dng p ng cc yu cu v an ton, k thut, bo m khng r r, ri vi hoc pht tn ra mi trng. CTNH c dn nhn bao gm cc thng tin nh : Tn CTNH, m CTNH theo danh mc CTNH, tn v a ch ca ch ngun thi, m t v cc nguy c do cht thi c th gy ra, c du hiu cnh bo, phng nga theo Tiu chun Vit Nam 6707 2000 v Cht thi nguy hi du hiu cnh bo, phng nga, ngy bt u c ng gi, bo qun.
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CTNH pht sinh t hot ng ca Nh my c qun l ng theo Ngh nh 59/2007/N CP ngy 09/04/2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn v Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng quy nh v qun l cht thi nguy hi. Ngoi ra, Cng ty tin hnh lm h s ng k S ch ngun thi cht thi nguy hi pht sinh ti Nh my v Cng ty cng hp ng vi n v c chc nng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l CTNH x l CTNH theo ng quy nh. 4.1.2.2. Khng ch tc ng xu khng lin quan n cht thi a) Khng ch nhit v m gim nh hng ca nhit v m cao ti sc khe ca cng nhn lao ng trong khu vc D n, trong qu trnh thit k D n, Cng ty p dng cc bin php hn ch tc ng ca ngun nhim ny nh : S dng cc vt liu cch nhit nh tn lnh, gch chng nng ng thi thit k nh my c hng sao cho s dng c s thng thong t nhin. Ngoi ra trong qu trnh lp t my mc v hot ng, Cng ty ch mt s bin php nh sau : Thng xuyn kim tra, bo tr h thng cch nhit pht hin ra nhng sai phm v kp thi sa cha.

Trn mi mt s nh xng v nh kho trang b cc qu cu thng gi mi nh xng. ng thi trang b thm cc qut cng nghip cc b v qut thng gi ti cc nh xng nhm tng cng kh nng thng gi, lm gim nhit v m trong xng sn xut.

S dng cc bin php thng gi nhn to m bo khng tch t kh c, hi nc, nhit.

Trng cy xanh xung quanh d n gp phn iu ha khng kh, ci thin cc iu kin vi kh hu trong Nh my.

b) Khng ch nhim ting n v rung ng Ting n v rung ng pht sinh t D n ch yu nh hng n cng nhn trong ni b sn xut. Qua phn tch cc ngun pht sinh ting n, hn ch nh hng ca ting n v rung ng ti mi trng v sc khe ca cng nhn trc tip sn xut, Cng ty p dng cc bin php sau : B tr thi gian nhp xut nguyn liu hp l, hn ch nhp nguyn liu vo nhng thi im c nhiu cng nhn hot ng (nh vo m, sng sm).
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 Trong qu trnh sn xut thng xuyn kim tra cn bng ca my, mi mn ca cc chi tit, tra du m v thay th cc chi tit b mi mn.

Cng nhn lao ng trc tip ti khu vc n ln c trang b nt tai chng n. Trng cy xanh xung quanh Nh my hn ch ting n nh hng ra ngoi khu vc d n v ci thin iu kin vi kh hu trong khu vc. Din tch trng cy xanh ti thiu chim 20% tng din tch ca khu t Nh my.

c) Nc ma chy trn So vi nc thi, nc ma c lu lng cao nhng kh sch tuy vy ng thot nc ma c tch ring ng thot nc bn. H thng thot nc ma bao gm cc mng, rnh thot nc kn xy dng xung quanh cc khu nh xng, vn phng, tp trung nc ma t trn mi xung v dn n h thng cng thot nc ma t dc theo cc con ng ni b. Sau nc ma c dn n b lng c kch thc (D x H = 20m x 4m) lng cn ct trc khi u ni vo ng ng thot nc ma chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 sau mi cho thot ra ngun tip nhn. Khi D n i vo hot ng lu thc hin cc cng tc sau : Thng xuyn no vt thng dng chy nc ma c th tiu thot mt cch trit , khng gy ng, ngp lt.
Khng cho nc ma chy trn qua khu vc cha cht thi nh khu vc

tp trung cht thi rn, kho cha thnh phm, Ngoi ra khu vc tp trung cht thi rn phi c xy c mi che, nn btng. 4.2. i vi s c mi trng
4.2.1. Khng ch cc s c v ri ro mi trng trong giai on lp t my

mc thit b 4.2.1.1. Phng nga s c h hng thit b S c h hng thit b, nht l cc thit b nh cc phng tin chuyn ch nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b, c th e da n tnh mng ca ngi lao ng. Do vy, hng ngy Cng ty kim tra cc my mc thit b. Ch cho tin hnh lp t my mc thit b khi trang thit b, my mc m bo an ton. 4.2.1.2. Phng nga s c ha hon, st nh phng trnh ha hon, cc bin php c p dng nh sau :
78

 Cc phng tin my mc tham gia thi cng c bnh cu ha km theo.

Ngoi ra, Ch d n trang b cc bnh cu ha trn khu vc D n phng s c ha hon. Du m thi, cc vt dng d bt chy khc c tp trung trong cc thng kn v cch xa my mc, thit b thi cng. Cng nhn c tp hun v phng chy, m bo ng ph khi c ho hon.
i vi s c st nh dn n ha hon hoc nguy him cho tnh mng cng

nhn, do thi gian tin hnh lp t my mc thit b d n trng vi ma ma nn kh nng xy ra s c ny l kh cao. Tuy nhin, Ch d n yu cu cng nhn lp t ngng ngay qu trnh ny khi c nguy c xy ra ma ging. 4.2.1.3. Phng nga s c tai nn lao ng phng trnh tai nn lao ng trong khi lp t my mc thit, Cng ty thc hin cc bin php sau : Trang b thit b bo h lao ng nh m cng, gng tay, qun o lao ng cho cng nhn.
Thng xuyn kim tra my mc thit b, m bo tnh trng hot ng tt ca

my mc. Tp hun v an ton lao ng cho cng nhn theo ng quy nh ca php lut v an ton lao ng.
4.2.2. Khng ch cc s c v ri ro mi trng trong giai on hot ng

4.2.2.1. S c r r nhin liu, ha cht Qu trnh lu tr nhin liu ha cht c th xy ra cc s c r r gy ra nhim mi trng v s c chy n. phng nga s c ny c th xy ra, cng ty thc hin : Xy dng nh kho cho tng i tng lu tr m bo k thut v an ton theo tiu chun xy dng. Trang b cc bao b, thng ng thch hp cho mi loi nhin liu v ha cht. Kho lu tr thng xuyn c kim tra s ngn np, sch s, thng thong. 4.2.2.2. Phng chng chy n
79

Cng ty s dng nguyn liu du DO chy my pht in d phng trong qu trnh hot ng Cng ty p dng cc bin php sau:

Du DO c lu tr trong khu vc ring v c t cch xa h thng cung cp in, ni c pht sinh ngun nhit, khu vc cn tin. Cng ty trang b cc dng c cha chy nh bnh CO2, thng ct c lp vng chy khi c s c trn du, chy do du gy ra.

Lp t chung bo ng khi c chy xy ra. phng chng chy n v cc s c do sm st, trong qu trnh hot ng sn xut ca nh my s p dng cc bin php sau :

Cc my mc thit b trong dy chuyn sn xut ca Cng ty c h s l lch i km v c y cc thng s k thut v thng xuyn c kim tra gim st.

Cng ty lp t h thng chng st ti cc im cao nht Ca nh my theo quy nh s 76/Q ngy 02/03/1983. in tr tip t xung kch < 10 khi in tr sut ca t < 50.000 /cm2. in tr tip t xung kch > 10 khi in tr sut ca t > 50.000 /cm2.

Trong khu vc sn xut v kho cha lp t cc h thng bo chy. Cc phng tin phng chy lun trong tnh th sn sng. Cng ty trang b cc dng c cha chy nh b nc, bnh CO2, thng ct v thc hin y cc yu cu phng chy ca c quan PCCC a phng.

4.2.2.3. Bin php khng ch s c h hng my mc v h thng x l cht thi

Lun bo tr, kim tra my mc thit b mt cch thng xuyn v lin tc, kim tra cht lng nc thi u vo v u ra ca h thng c nhng gii php vn hnh tt hn.

i ng nhn vin vn hnh my mc trong h thng x l kh thi phi l nhng ngi c chuyn mn v mi trng v h lun c o to nng cao nghip v nhm ng ph vi nhng s c c th xy ra trong thi gian nhanh nht. Ngoi ra, i ng ny cng c o to thm v ngnh in cng nh c kh.

Khi pht hin ra s c phi ngng hot ng v khc phc ngay s c. 4.2.2.4. Cc bin php ci to mi trng v an ton lao ng
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Ngoi cc gii php k thut v cng ngh c tnh cht ch yu lm gim nh cc nhim gy ra cho con ngi v mi trng, cng ty thc hin cc bin php h tr khc gp phn hn ch nhim, ci to mi trng v an ton lao ng nh : Gio dc thc v sinh mi trng v v sinh cng nghip cho cn b v cng nhn trong cng ty. Thc hin thng xuyn v c khoa hc cc chng trnh v sinh v qun l cht thi ca cng ty.

Cng cc b phn khc tham gia k hoch hn ch nhim bo v mi trng theo quy nh v hng dn chung ca c quan qun l mi trng tnh Bnh Dng.

n c v gio dc cng nhn trong Cng ty thc hin cc quy nh v an ton lao ng v phng chng chy n, thng xuyn thc hin vic kim tra.

Cc bin php x l khi c tai nn lao ng xy ra: Khi c tai nn lao ng xy ra tuyt i phi cp cu ngi l trn ht. Quy trnh ng ph c th theo cc bc sau : Ngng ngay hot ng ang tin hnh.

a ngi b nn ra khi hin trng, tin hnh s cu loi b nguyn nhn gy tai nn lao ng v vn chuyn n c s y t gn nht hoc thng bo ngay n c s y t nh tr gip (gi 115).

Thng bo v Cng ty tnh hnh v a im xy ra. Ngn khng cho cc s c khc xy ra. Dng c hay bin bo (phn quang cng tt). Cnh bo mi ngi trnh xa khi khu vc. C lp khu vc xy ra s c.

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CHNG 5 CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

5.1. Chng trnh qun l mi trng Chng trnh qun l mi trng bao gm quan im v nhng nghin cu mi trng cn thit v cc hot ng thc hin trong sut thi gian chun b u t, thit k, lp t v vn hnh d n. Bao gm cc ni dung chnh sau : Bng 5.1 : Chng trnh qun l mi trng ti Nh my Stt 1 2 Ni dung chng trnh qun l mi trng nh gi tc ng mi trng trong giai on lp t my mc thit b ca D n Phi hp vi c quan qun l mi trng a phng, cc n v chuyn mn tin hnh gim st mi trng nh k trong sut qu trnh hot ng 3 ca Nh my Xy dng cc h thng x l kh thi, nc thi v bin php thu gom, x l cht thi rn cng vi qu trnh lp t my mc thit b sn xut ca nh 4 5 6 7 my o to, hng dn vn hnh cc h thng x l nhim cho nhn vin Xy dng cc chng trnh kim tra, bo dng v bo tr ton b Nh my Xy dng chng trnh m bo an ton lao ng, v sinh mi trng, k hoch phng chng s c mi trng Thng xuyn kim tra cng tc bo v mi trng ti cc khu vc c kh nng xy ra nhng tc ng gy nh hng n mi trng xung quanh Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp
5.1.1. T chc nhn s cho cng tc qun l mi trng trong qu trnh lp

t my mc thit b cho d n Chu trch nhim chnh : Gim c (01 ngi).

Chu trch nhim v an ton lao ng v v sinh mi trng : 01 ngi.

5.1.2. T chc nhn s cho cng tc qun l mi trng nh my i vo hot ng Chu trch nhim chnh : Gim c (01 ngi).
Thnh lp t an ton lao ng v v sinh mi trng : 05 ngi. Trong , o

Chu trch nhim v qun l h thng x l kh thi, nc thi, cht thi rn : 02 ngi.
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o
o

Chu trch nhim v chm sc cy xanh, thm c v cng tc v sinh mi trng : 01 ngi. Chu trch nhim v an ton lao ng : 02 ngi. phng chy cha chy v phi hp vi Cng an PCCC tnh Bnh Dng lp k hoch v trin khai cc cng vic c th nhm m bo an ton tuyt i cho nh my.

Ring cng tc PCCC, Ch u t tun theo mi quy nh nghim ngt v

5.1.3. K hoch thc hin cc hot ng bo v mi trng 5.1.3.1. Giai on thit k Lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng. Lng ghp cc h thng x l mi trng vo thit k tng th v chi tit. Sm xc nhn nhu cu o to cn b m trch cng tc mi trng ca Nh my.
5.1.3.2.

Giai on lp t my mc thit b
Thc hin nghim chnh cc xut v phng n bo v mi trng trong

qu trnh lp t my mc thit b nh trong bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c ph duyt.

S dng cc cng trnh x l mi trng hin hu c ca Cng ty TNHH

Tn Hon Cu.
Tuyn truyn nhn thc v bo v mi trng cho cng nhn.

5.1.3.3. Giai on hot ng Gim st mi trng nh k theo k hoch ra trong bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c ph duyt. Tch cc tm kim cc gii php cng ngh, gii php qun l nhm nng cao hiu qu x l cc cht nhim pht sinh gp phn bo v mi trng.

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Bng 5.2 : Chng trnh qun l mi trng cho D n v thi gian thc hin S Ngun gy tc ng Cc tc ng mi trng Bin php gim thiu Stt A Giai on lp t my mc thit b - Lp t my mc - Bi, ting n. thit b cho Nh my.
- Qu trnh vn - Du m thi, cc cht

Thi gian

C quan gim st

- B tr h thng phun nc nhm hn ch

T 8/2011 - 10/2011

Ban qun l cc Khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng

lng bi pht tn trong qu trnh lp t.

- B tr khu vc tp trung tm thi, thng cha

thi khc. - Hot ng ca cc phng tin c gii. - S c, ri ro.

rc sinh hot, - B tr gi lm vic hp l, trnh gy cng hng ting n. Bo tr, bo dng cc phng tin vn chuyn. T 8/2011 - 10/2011 v khi nh
- Lp t h thng qut ht, Cyclone kh, thit

chuyn. B 01 Giai on vn hnh 0 Bi pht sinh t hot ng giao thng vn ti 0 Bi v kh thi pht 02 sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp sn phm 0 Hi dung mi hu 03 c t khu vc pha ch ha cht

- Bi
- Kh thi : CO, NOx, SOx,

Ban qun l cc Khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng

- Bi, khi, mi. - Cc loi kh thi c tnh acid : CO, NOx, SOx,

my i vo hot ng

b lc bi tay o. - V sinh nh xng, thit b thng xuyn.

rp, ch nhm v sn nhit Dung mi hu c : Toluen, Xylen, Trang b h thng x l kh thi vi thp hp ph T 8/2011 bng than hot tnh v ng khi cao 15m khuch tn v pha long nng kh thi
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- 10/2011

3 Nc thi sinh hot 04 4 Cht thi rn sn 05 xut, cht thi rn sinh hot.

- Cc cht hu c nhim. - Cht rn l lng. - Nhit . - Rc hu c d phn hy. - Rc thi bn : Nylon, cao su, nha, - Thng ng nguyn liu, bao b hng.

Xy dng h thng thot nc v u ni nc thi sinh hot vo h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN - i vi cc loi cht thi rn (bao gm thng carton, nylon, bao PE, PA,) c Cng ty thu gom v bn cho cc c s thu mua ph liu.
- i vi CTNH Cng ty lu tr ti khu vc lu

T 8/2011 - 10/2011 Thc hin ngay khi Nh my i vo hot ng

cha tm thi CTNH v hp ng vi cc n v chc nng thu gom v x l.

- ng k s ch ngun thi cht thi nguy hi.

06

Cc s c mi trng

- R r nhin liu. - Chy n. - Tai nn lao ng.

- H thng phng chy cha chy.

- Lp ni quy an ton lao ng. - C ch kim tra nh k my mc, trang

T 8/2011 - 10/2011 v khi nh my i vo hot

thit b trong Nh my.

ng Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi

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5.2. Chng trnh gim st mi trng Chng trnh gim st mi trng l mt trong nhng ni dung quan trng trong cng tc qun l cht lng mi trng v cng tc nh gi tc ng trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b v hot ng ca D n ti mi trng. Thng qua cc din bin v cht lng mi trng gip xc nh li cc d bo trong Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng hoc mc sai lnh gia tnh ton v thc t. m bo ton b hot ng ca Nh my trong qu trnh xy dng v i vo hot ng khng gy tc ng tiu cc n mi trng xung quanh v nh gi hiu qu ca cc bin php x l nhim, chng trnh gim st nhim mi trng do Ch u t l Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng thc hin trong sut thi gian lp t my mc thit b, hot ng v c gim st bi Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Bnh Dng.
5.2.1. Gim st cht thi 5.2.1.1.

Quan trc cht lng nc thi sinh hot

S lng mu : 01 mu. V tr gim st : 01 v tr ti h ga ni u ni nc thi sinh hot pht

sinh t Nh my vo h thng thu gom nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2.

Tn sut kho st : 04 ln/nm v kim tra t xut khi c s c. Cc thng s la chn gim st : pH, COD, BOD5, TSS, tng Nit,

tng Photpho, du m ng thc vt, Cl-, SO42-, tng Coliform.

Quy chun so snh : Quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B.

5.2.1.2.

Gim st kh thi, bi v ting n khu vc sn xut

Thng s chn lc : Nhit , m, bi, NO2, SO2, CO, ting n,

rung.
Tn sut gim st : 04 ln/nm. V tr gim st : 04 im bao gm 01 im ti khu vc s ch nguyn

liu; 01 im ti khu vc tinh ch; 01 im ti khu vc lp rp v 01 im ti khu vc sn sn phm.

Tiu chun nh gi : Tiu chun v sinh cng nghip ban hnh km theo

Quyt nh 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B Y t. 5.2.1.3. i vi ng khi pht tn kh thi

Thng s gim st : Nhit , bi, NOx, SO2, CO, Toluen, Xylen. 86

 Tn sut gim st : 04 ln/nm. V tr gim st : 01 im ti ng khi thp hp ph x l hi dung mi

hu c t khu vc pha ch ha cht.

Quy chun nh gi : QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B (ng vi Kp = 1,0

v Kv = 1,0) v QCVN 20 : 2009/BTNMT. 5.2.1.4. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh
Thng s chn lc : Nhit , m, ting n, bi, SO2, NO2, CO.

V tr gim st : 02 im bao gm 01 im ti khu vc cng bo v Nh my v 01 im ti khu vc cui hng gi cch ng khi thp hp ph khong 100m.
Tn sut gim st : 04 ln/nm. Quy chun so snh : Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng

kh xung quanh QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT v Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT. 5.2.1.5. Chng trnh gim st sc khe ngi lao ng Hng nm Cng ty t chc khm sc khe tng qut nh k cho ton b ngi lao ng trong Cng ty 01 ln.
5.2.2. Gim st khc

Mt s gim st c thc hin ng b trong qu trnh hot ng Gim st tnh hnh qun l cht thi rn, cht thi nguy hi. Gim st hiu qu hot ng ca h thng x l cc b. Gim st s dng an ton ho cht.
Gim st vic tun th nguyn tc an ton lao ng v vic s dng cc

phng tin bo h lao ng ca cng nhn.

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5.3. D ton kinh ph cho cc h thng x l mi trng v gim st mi trng Tc ng mi trng Bin php gim thiu Kinh ph (triu ng) Trong giai on lp t my mc thit b nhim bi Phun nc Cht thi rn sinh hot Trang b thng lu cha cht thi rn Nc thi sinh hot Nh v sinh hin hu Tai nn lao ng Trang b bo h cho cng nhn Trong giai on vn hnh v khai thc Bi, kh thi H thng x l bi v kh thi Cht thi rn sinh hot Hp ng vi Cng ty Dch v Cng ch th x D An x l hng ngy Cht thi rn sn xut - Cc loi ph liu c th ti khng nguy hi Cht thi nguy hi ch bn cho cc c s thu mua. - Cht thi sn xut khng nguy hi khng c kh nng ti ch v CTNH hp ng vi cc n v c chc nng thu gom, Nc thi sinh hot vn chuyn v x l H thng cng thu gom, u ni nc thi sinh hot Cc b t hoi 03 ngn x l Nc ma Cy xanh nc thi sinh hot H thng cng thu gom v thot nc ma Trng cy xanh trong khun 100 250 80 50 100 50 Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng 1 1 10 20 700 30 n v chu trch nhim Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng

vin Nh my Chi ph vn hnh cc h thng x l mi trng 50 Chi ph gim st mi trng nh k 01 nm ti Nh my 40 Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng

CHNG 6 THAM VN KIN CNG NG

Do D n nm trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c B Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng thm nh, ph duyt Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng nn theo mc 4, iu
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1 ca Ngh nh 21/2008/N CP ngy 28 thng 2 nm 2008 ca Chnh Ph v sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh 80/2006/N CP ngy 09 thng 08 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng. D n khng cn phi ly kin tham vn cng ng ca UBND v y ban Mt trn T quc a phng.

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KT LUN, KIN NGH V CAM KT

1. Kt lun Nghin cu nh gi tc ng mi trng cho D n : Nh my sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng cng sut 120.000 sn phm/nm ti s 8, ng 22, KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng c thc hin y theo cc ni dung ra. Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c thc hin theo mu hng dn nu trong Thng t s 05/2008/TT BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti Nguyn v Mi Trng v vic hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng. Trn c s nghin cu, phn tch, nh gi tc ng mi trng mt cch chi tit v ton din ca Nh my, c th rt ra mt s kt lun chnh sau y :
1. D n c thc hin v tr thun li, ph hp vi quy hoch tng th ca

KCN Sng Thn 2.

2. D n s gp phn thc y pht trin kinh t x hi ti th x D An ni ring

v p ng nhu cu pht trin cng nghip ca tnh Bnh Dng ni chung, ng thi gp phn tng ngun thu cho ngn sch Nh nc, to nhiu cng n vic lm v thu nhp n nh cho lc lng lao ng ti a phng.
3. Hin trng mi trng nn ti khu vc d n cha b nhim v khng kh, mi

trng nc, mi trng t. y l cc ch th mi trng cho php nh gi nhng din bin v thay i trong cht lng mi trng ti khu vc d n di cc tc ng tiu cc do hot ng lp t my mc thit b v hot ng lu di ca D n.
4. Qu trnh lp t my mc thit b v hot ng lu di ca D n c th gy ra

mt s tc ng tiu cc ti kinh t x hi v mi trng, nu khng c cc bin php phng nga, khng ch, x l nhim mi trng. Xut pht t vic nhn thc r trch nhim ca mnh trong nhim v bo v mi trng ti khu vc d n, Ch d n u t kinh ph cho cng tc bo v mi trng v cam kt thc hin nghim chnh cc phng n phng nga, khng ch, x l nhim mi trng ra trong bo co TM ny nhm bo m t hon ton cc tiu chun, quy chun mi trng Vit Nam theo quy nh, bao gm :

90

Phng n khng ch nhim khng kh. Phng n khng ch nhim do n rung. Phng n x l nc thi sinh hot v cng nghip, nc ma chy trn. Phng n khng ch nhim do cht thi rn.

m bo din tch cy xanh, cc bin php ci thin iu kin vi kh hu, cc bin php v sinh an ton lao ng v cc bin php phng chng s c mi trng (chy n, trn ha cht,...).

5. Cc bin php khng ch nhim v hn ch cc tc ng c hi ca d n ti

mi trng c xut trong bo co TM ny l nhng bin php kh thi, c th m bo cc tiu chun, quy chun mi trng Vit Nam ban hnh. 2. Kin ngh D n : Nh my sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng cng sut 120.000 sn phm/nmca Cng Ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng kt hp vi Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng sau khi nghin cu, thu thp c s d liu v nh gi cc tc ng mi trng, hiu qu thit thc cho c hai mt : Li ch kinh t x hi v nhng tn tht v mi trng, cc bin php kh thi khng ch nhim ca D n, Chng ti knh trnh Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng thm nh v ph duyt bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng lm c s php l cho vic trin khai, D n sm i vo hot ng. 3. Cam kt Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng Ch u t D n Nh my sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng cng sut 120.000 sn phm/nm cam kt thc hin mt cch nghim tc v y cc gii php, bin php bo v mi trng trong giai on lp rp my mc thit b v khi Nh my i vo hot ng trong chng 4 Chng ti cam kt thc hin y chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng cho D n t giai on lp rp my mc thit b v trong sut qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my. Chng ti cam kt cc gii php, bin php bo v mi trng c thc hin khi D n i vo vn hnh chnh thc v n khi kt thc D n.

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Chng ti cam kt thc hin n b v khc phc nhim mi trng theo ng cc quy nh ca php lut Vit Nam khi xy ra s c, ri ro mi trng trong qu trnh trin khai D n. Chng ti cam kt c s h tng ca Nh my u ni vi c s h tng ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Cam kt thc hin hon tt cc bin php bo v mi trng trc khi D n i vo hot ng chnh thc. Chng ti cam kt phc hi mi trng theo quy nh ca php lut v bo v mi trng sau khi D n kt thc vn hnh. Thc hin bo co gim st mi trng nh k 04 ln/nm (vo thng 3, thng 6, thng 9 v thng 12) v gi v Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng. Chng ti cam kt khng ch cc ngun nhim pht sinh do hot ng ca D n nm trong gii hn cho php ca Tiu chun v Quy chun Vit Nam (TCVN, QCVN).

TCVSL 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 : Cht lng mi trng khng kh trong khu vc sn xut. QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc sinh hot.

QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh.

QCVN 06 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanh. QCVN 07 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ngng cht thi nguy hi. QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c. QCVN 20 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi mt s cht hu c. QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi cng nghip. QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.

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Cht thi rn c qun l cht ch, thu gom v hp ng x l trit . Ring i vi cc loi cht thi nguy hi m bo thu gom, lu gi, vn chuyn v x l theo ng quy nh ca Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v qun l cht thi nguy hi. CH D N

93

PHN PH LC

94

PHN I CC VN BN PHP L LIN QUAN

95

PHN II HNH NH LY MU HIN TRNG CHT LNG MI TRNG D N

96

PHN III KT QU O C PHNG MI TRNG

97

PHN IV CC BN V

98