CCH GII NHANH BI TON THY PHN PEPTIT

GV:Nguyn Vn S
IM C S.
PHN I:
1. Phn ng thy phn ca Peptit:
a. Thy phn hon ton: H[NHRCO]nOH + (n-1) H2O nH2NRCOOH.
b. Thy phn khng hon ton:
Th d: H[NH(CH2)2CO]4OH + H2O H[NH(CH2)2CO]3OH+ H[NH(CH2)2CO]2OH+ H2N(CH2)2COOH
Cch 1: Vi phn ng trn khi cho bit s mol cc cht sau phn ng ,th ta da vo s mol ri
cn bng phn ng s tnh c s mol peptit ban u tham gia phn ng v suy ra khi lng.
23,75 H[NH(CH2)2CO]4OH + H2O 9H[NH(CH2)2CO]3OH+ 8H[NH(CH2)2CO]2OH+ 52H2N(CH2)2COOH
0,475 mol
0,18 mol
0.16 mol
1,04 mol

Khi lng ca Peptit l: 0,475(89x4- 3x18) = 143,45(gam)

Cch 2: gii nhanh hn, ta lm nh sau:
t Peptit H[NH(CH2)2CO]4OH bng Cng thc gn: (X)4 ( Vi X = [NH(CH2)2CO]
Ta ghi phn ng nh sau: 23,75 (X)4 + H2O 9 (X)3 + 8(X)2 + 52X
Hoc ghi :
(X)4
(X)3 + X
;
(X)4
2 (X)2
v (X)4
4X
0,18 mol
0.18 mol 0,18 mol 0,08mol
0,16mol
0,215mol
0,86 mol
T 3 phn ng ta tnh c s mol ca Peptit ban u tham gia phn ng l:(0.18+0.08+0,215)mol
2. Cch gii :
*p dng LBTKL tnh lng nc khi bit khi lng Peptit phn ng v khi lng cht sinh ra.
*p dng LBTKL tnh c lng mui khi cho Aminoacid sinh ra tc dng vi HCl,H2SO4.
* Khi tinh ton nn tnh theo cch 2 trn.
3. Tnh nhanh khi lng Mol ca Peptit:
* Th d:
H[NHCH2CO]4OH .
Ta c M= MGli x 4 3x18 = 246g/mol
H[NHCH(CH3)CO]3OH
Ta c M= MAla x 3 2x18 = 231g/mol
Ta c M= [MGli x n (n-1).18]g/mol
H[NHCH2CO]nOH .
* i vi 2 Peptit khi thy phn c t l s mol bng nhau,th ta xem 2 Peptit l mt
Peptit v ghi phn ng ta nn ghi gp . Khi lng mol ca Petpti chnh l tng khi lng mol
ca 2 Peptit .
Th d: Tripeptit H[NHCH2CO]3OH v Tetrapeptit H[NHCH2CO]4OH (c s mol bng
nhau) Th ta xem 2 Peptit l Heptapeptit: H[NHCH2CO]7OH v M= 435g/mol
4. Phn ng chy ca Peptit:
* Th d: Tripeptit mch h X v Tetrapeptit mch h Y c to t mt Aminoacid no,h
trong phn t c 1(-NH2) + 1(-COOH). t chy X v Y. Vy lm th no t CTPT cho X,Y?
Ta lm nh sau:
T CTPT ca Aminoacid no 3 CnH 2n+1O 2N 2H2O thnh CT C3nH6n 1O4N3(y l cng
thcTripeptit) V 4 CnH2n+1O 2N 3H2O thnh CT C4nH8n 2O5N4(y l cng thcTetrapeptit) ......
Nu t chy lin quan n lng nc v cacbonic th ta ch cn cn bng C,H tnh ton cho nhanh.
C3nH6n 1O4N3 + pO2
3nCO2 + (3n-0,5)H2O + N2
C4nH8n 2 O 5N4 + pO 2
4nCO2 + (4n-1)H2O +N2.Tnh p(O 2) dng BT nguyn t Oxi?
PHN II: HNG DN GII CC BI TON MIMH HA:
Bi 1: X l mt Tetrapeptit cu to t Aminoacid A,trong phn t A c 1(-NH2) + 1(-COOH)
,no,mch h.Trong A Oxi chim 42,67% khi lng . Thy phn m gam X trong mi trng acid th thu
c 28,35(g) trpeptit; 79,2(g) ipeptit v 101,25(g) A. Gi tr ca m l?
a. 184,5.
b. 258,3.
c. 405,9.
d. 202,95.
Hng dn: T % khi lng Oxi trong A ta xc nh c A l Gli ( H2NCH2COOH) vi
M=75 Cng thc ca Tetrapeptit l H[NHCH2CO]4OH vi M= 75x4 3x18 = 246g/mol
Tnh s mol: Tripeptit l : 28,35: 189 = 0,15(mol)
ipeptit l : 79,2 : 132 = 0,6 (mol)
Glyxin(A) : 101,25 : 75 = 1,35(mol).
Gii gn nh sau: t mt xch NHCH2CO = X.
-1-

Ghi s phn ng :
(X)4
(X)3 + X ; (X)4
2 (X)2
v (X)4
4X
0,15
0,15
0,15 0,3
0,6
0,3
1,2
T s trn ta tnh c: S mol X phn ng l: (0,15+0,3+0,3)=0,75mol m = 0,75.246
=184,5(g)
Bi 2:
Thy phn hon ton 143,45 gam hn hp A gm hai tetrapeptit thu c 159,74
gam hn hp X gm cc Aminoacid (Cc Aminoacid ch cha 1nhosm COOH v 1 nhm NH2 ) . Cho
tan b X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d,sau c cn dung dch th nhn c m(gam) mui khan.
Tnh khi lng nc phn ng v gi tr ca m ln lt bng?
a. 8,145(g) v 203,78(g). b. 32,58(g) v 10,15(g).
c. 16,2(g) v 203,78(g) d. 16,29(g) v
203,78(g).
Hng dn: t Cng thc chung cho hn hp A l H[NHRCO]4OH
Ta c phn ng : H[NHRCO]4OH + 3H2O
4 H2NRCOOH
4X ( Trong X = HNRCO)
Hay:
(X)4 + 3H2O
mX mA
0,905( mol ) mH2O = 16,29 gam.
18
4
4
T phn ng nX= n H2O = .0,905(mol )
3
3

p dng LBTKL nH2O =

Phn ng ca X tc dng vi HCl : X + HCl

X.HCl

4
p dng BTKL m(Mui) = mX + mHCl = 159,74 + .0,905(mol ) .36,5 = 203,78(g)
3

Bi 3: Tripeptit M v Tetrapeptit Q c to ra t mt Aminoacid X mch h ( phn t ch cha

1 nhm NH2 ) .Phn trm khi lng Nito trong X bng 18,667%. Thy phn khng hon ton m(g) hn
hp M,Q(c t l s mol 1:1) trong mi trng Acid thu c 0,945(g) M; 4,62(g) ipeptit v 3,75 (g)
X.Gi tr ca m?
c. 12,58(g).
d. 25,167(g).
a. 4,1945(g).
b. 8,389(g).
Hng dn: Ta c %N =

14 18,667

MX 75 X l Glyxin
MX
100

Do hai peptit c t l s mol phn ng 1:1 nn xem hn hp M,Q l mt Heptapeptit :

H[NHCH2CO]7OH V c M = 435g/mol.
27
(Gli)7 + H2O
(Gli)3 +
7
27
0,005mol
0,005mol
7
27
0,005mol.435 = 8,389(g)
m(M,Q) =
7

Ghi phn ng :

7 (Gli)2
0.035mol

+ 10 (Gli)
0.05mol

Gii theo cch khc:

(Gli)7
2(Gli)3 + Gli ; (Gli)7
3 (Gli)2 + Gli v (Gli)7
7(Gli)
0,0025mol 0,005mol 0,0025 0,035/3
0,035mol 0,035/3
0,0358/7
0.0358
T cc phn ng tnh c s mol ca (Gli)7 l : 0.01928(mol)
Bi 4: Tripeptit mch h X v Tetrapeptit mch h Y u c to ra t mt Aminoacid no,mch
h c 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2 .t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c sn phm gm
H2O,CO2 v N2 trong tng khi lng CO2 v H2O bng 36,3(g) .Nu t chy hon ton 0,2 mol Y
th s mol O2 cn phn ng l?
a. 2,8(mol).
b. 1,8(mol).
c. 1,875(mol).
d. 3,375 (mol)
Hng dn: R rng X,Y u sinh ra do Aminoacid c CT CnH 2n+1O2N. Do vy ta c CT ca
X,Y tng ng l: C3nH 6n 1O 4N3(X) , C4nH8n 2O5N4(Y).
3nCO2 + (3n-0,5)H 2O + N2
Phn ng chy X: C3nH 6n 1O4N3 + pO2
0,1mol
0,3n(mol) 0,3(3n-0,5)mol
Ta c phng trnh tng khi lng H2O v CO2 : 0,3[44.n + 18. (3n-0,5)] = 36.3 n = 2
Phn ng chy Y: C4nH 8n 2 O5N4 + pO2
4nCO2 + (4n-1)H2O + N2 .
0,2mol
0,2.p
0,8n
(0,8n -0,2)
-2-

p dng BT nguyn t Oxi : 0,2.5+ 0,2.2p = 0,8.2.2 +(0,8.2 -0,2) p = 9. nO2 = 9x0,2 =
1,8(mol)
PHN III: BI TP T GII QUYT.
Bi 5: ( H-2011) Thy phn hon ton 60(g) hn hp hai ipeptit thu c 63,6(g) hn hp
X gm cc Aminoacid no mch h (H2NRCOOOH). Nu ly 1/10 hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch
HCl d thu c m(g) mui. Gi tr ca m l?
b. 8,72.
c. 7,09.
d.16,3.
a. 7,82.
Bi 6: ( H-2011) Thy phn ht m(g) Tetrapeptit Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala thu c hn hp gm
28,48(g) Ala ; 32(g) Ala-Ala v 27,72(g) Ala-Ala-Ala. Gi tr ca m?
a. 66,44.
b. 111,74.
c. 81,54.
d. 90,6.
Bi 7: X l mt Hexapeptit cu to t mt Aminoacid H2N-CnH2n-COOH(Y) . Y c tng % khi
lng Oxi v Nito l 61,33%. Thy phn ht m(g) X trong mi trng acid thu c 30,3(g) petapeptit,
19,8(g) ieptit v 37,5(g) Y. Gi tr ca m l?
a. 69 gam.
B. 84 gam.
c. 100 gam.
d.78 gam.
Bi 8: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol Pentapeptit(X) thu c 3 mol Gli; 1 mol Ala; 1 mol Phe. Khi
thy phn khng hon ton (X) thu c hn hp gm Ala-Gli ; Gli-Ala v khng thy to ra Phe-Gli.
Xc nh CTCT ca Petapeptit?
Hng dn: T cc ipeptit ta thy Gli gia Ala-Gli-Ala hoc Ala gia Gli-Ala-Gli. Nhng
v thu c 1 mol Ala nn chc chn Ala phi gia Gli-Ala-Gli. Do khng c Phe-Gli to thnh nn
Phe khng ng trc Gli m ng sau Gli. Vy CTCT l: Gli-Gli-Ala-Gli-Phe
Bi 9: Thy phn 14(g) mt Polipeptit(X) vi hiu sut t 80%,thi thu c 14,04(g) mt aminoacid (Y). Xc nh Cng thc cu to ca Y?
a. H2N(CH2)2COOH.b. H2NCH(CH3)COOH. c. H2NCH2COOH d. H2NCH(C2H5)COOH
Xc nh Phn t khi gn ng ca mt Polipeptit cha 0,32% S tromh phn t.
Bi 10:
Gi s trong phn t ch c 2 nguyn t S?
a. 20.000(vC)
b.10.000(vC).
c. 15.000(vC).
d. 45.000(vC).
ipeptit mch h X v Tripeptit mch h Y u c to ra t mt
Bi 11 ( H 2010)
Aminoacid no,mch h c 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2 .t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y thu c
sn phm gm H2O,CO2 v N2 trong tng khi lng CO2 v H2O bng 54,9(g) .Nu t chy hon
ton 0,2 mol X,sn phm thu c cho loiij qua dung dch nc vi trong d th c m(g) kt ta . Gi
tr ca m l?
a. 45.
b. 120.
c.30.
d.60.
Bi 12: X l mt tetrapeptit cu to t mt amino axit (A) no, mch h c 1 nhm COOH ; 1
nhm NH2. Trong A %N = 15,73% (v khi lng). Thy phn m gam X trong mi trng axit
thu c 41,58 gam tripeptit ; 25,6 gam ipeptit v 92,56 gam A. Gi tr ca m l :
d. 159 gam.
a. 149 gam.
b. 161 gam.
c. 143,45 gam.
Bi 13: X v Y ln lt l cc tripeptit v tetrapeptit c to thnh t cng mt amino axit no
mch h, c mt nhm COOH v mt nhm NH2. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y thu c sn
phm gm CO2, H2O, N2, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 47,8 gam. Nu t chy
hon ton 0,3 mol X cn bao nhiu mol O2 ?
a. 2,8 mol.
b. 2,025 mol.
c. 3,375 mol.
d. 1,875 mol.
Bi 14: X l tetrapeptit Ala-Gly-Val-Ala, Y l tripeptit Val-Gly-Val. un nng m gam hn hp
X v Y c t l s mol nX : nY = 1 : 3 vi 780 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ), sau khi phn ng kt
thc thu c dung dch Z. C cn dung dch thu c 94,98 gam mui. m c gi tr l :
a.. 68,1 gam.
b. 64,86 gam.
c. 77,04 gam.
d. 65,13 gam.
Bi 15: Mt hemoglobin (hng cu ca mu) cha 0,4% Fe (mi phn t hemoglobin ch cha 1
nguyn t Fe). Phn t khi gn ng ca hemoglobin trn l :
a. 12000.
b. 14000.
c. 15000.
d. 18000.
Bi 16: un nng alanin thu c mt s peptit trong c peptit A c phn trm khi lng
nit l 18,54%. Khi lng phn t ca A l :
a. 231.
b. 160.
c. 373.
d. 302.
Bi 17: Khi thy phn hon ton 55,95 gam mt peptit X thu c 66,75 gam alanin (amino axit
duy nht). X l :
-3-

a. tripeptit.
b. tetrapeptit.
c. pentapeptit. d. ipeptit.
Bi 18: Khi thy phn hon ton 65 gam mt peptit X thu c 22,25 gam alanin v 56,25 gam
glyxin. X l :
a. tripeptthu c.
b. tetrapeptit.
c. pentapeptit. d. ipeptit.
Bi 19: Thu phn hon ton 500 gam mt oligopeptit X (cha t 2 n 10 gc -amino axit)
thu c 178 gam amino axit Y v 412 gam amino axit Z. Bit phn t khi ca Y l 89. Phn t khi
ca Z l :
a. 103.
b. 75.
c. 117.
d. 147.
Bi 20: Tripeptit X c cng thc sau :
H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH3)COOH
Thy phn hon ton 0,1 mol X trong 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Khi lng cht rn thu c
khi c cn dung dch sau phn ng l :
a. 28,6 gam.
b. 22,2 gam.
c. 35,9 gam.
d. 31,9 gam.
Bi 21: Protein A c khi lng phn t l 50000 vC. Thu phn 100 gam A thu c
33,998 gam alanin. S mt xch alanin trong phn t A l :
a. 191.
b. 38,2.
c. 2.3.1023
d. 561,8.
Bi 22: Thy phn 1250 gam protein X thu c 425 gam alanin. Nu phn t khi ca X bng
100000 vC th s mt xch alanin c trong X l :
a. 453.
b. 382.
c. 328.
d. 479.
Bi 23: Thu phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit A th thu c 3 mol glyxin ; 1 mol alanin v
1mol valin. Khi thu phn khng hon ton A th trong hn hp sn phm thy c cc ipeptit Ala-Gly ;
Gly-Ala v tripeptit Gly-Gly-Val. Amino axit u N, amino axit u C pentapeptit A ln
lt l :
b. Ala, Val.
c. Gly, Gly. d. Ala, Gly.
a. Gly, Val.
Bi 24: Thu phn khng hon ton tetrapeptit (X), ngoi cc a-amino axit cn thu c
cc ipetit: Gly-Ala ; Phe-Val ; Ala-Phe. Cu to no sau y l ng ca X ?
a. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala.
b. Ala-Val-Phe-Gly.
c. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe.
d. Gly-Ala-Phe-Val.
Bi 25: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu c 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 1 mol alanin
(Ala), 1 mol valin (Val) v 1 mol phenylalanin (Phe). Thy phn khng hon ton X thu c
ipeptit Val-Phe v tripeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhng khng thu c ipeptit Gly-Gly. ht X c cng thc l
a. Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Val.
b. Gly-Ala-Val-Val-Phe.
c. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly.
d. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly.
Bi 26: Cng thc no sau y ca pentapeptit (A) tha iu kin sau ?
Thy phn hon ton 1 mol A th thu c cc - amino axit l : 3 mol glyxin, 1 mol alanin, 1
mol valin. Thy phn khng hon ton A, ngoi thu c cc amino axit th cn thu c 2 ipeptit :
Ala-Gly ; Gly-Ala v 1 tripeptit Gly-Gly-Val.
a. Ala-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val.
b. Gly- Gly-Ala-Gly-Val.
c. Gly-Ala-Gly-Gly-Val.
d. Gly-Ala-Gly-Val-Gly.
Bi 27: Thu phn hp cht :
H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH(CH3)2)CONHCH2CONHCH2COOH s
thu c bao nhiu loi amino axit no sau y ?
b. 4.
c. 5.
d. 2.
a. 3.
Bi 28: Thu phn hp cht : s thu c bao nhiu loi amino axit no sau y ?
H2NCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH(CH3)2)CONHCH(C2H5)CONHCH2CONHCH(C4H9)COOH.
a. 2.
b. 3.
c. 4.
d. 5.
Bi 29: Cho 3 cht X,Y,Z vo 3 ng nghim cha sn Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH lc u v quan st
th thy: Cht X thy xut hin mu tm, cht Y th Cu(OH)2 tan v c mu xanh nht, cht Z th
Cu(OH)2 tan v c mu xanh thm. X, Y, Z ln lt l :
a. H tinh bt, HCOOH, mantoz.
b. Protein, CH3CHO, saccaroz.
c. Anbumin, C2H5COOH, glyxin.
d. Lng trng trng, CH3COOH, glucoz.
Bi 30: Thuc th c dng phn bit Gly-Ala-Gly v Gly-Ala l :
d. dd NaOH.
a. dd HCl.
b. Cu(OH)2/OH- c. dd NaCl.
*Chc cc em hc sinh thnh cng trong hc tp
-4-