Nguyen Dang Hung

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Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm
Muc Luc Li ni u-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 PHN I------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2

I. Tnh hnh pht trin nghnh bia trn th gii v Vit Nam.------------------------2 II. Lp lun kinh t k thut-----------------------------------------------------------------3 1.Chn a im xy dng nh my.----------------------------------------------------------3 III.La chn loi bia sn xut------------------------------------------------------------------6 3.2. Tnh v chn thit b-----------------------------------------------------------------------46 3.2.3.3. Chn my chit chai. ----------------------------------------------------------------72 Chn cc thit b vn chuyn ----------------------------------------------------------------75 3.2.5. Ho cht v sinh .-----------------------------------------------------------------------77
Li ni u
Bia l mt loi ung c cn thp giu cht dinh dng c hng thm c trng,v ng du lp bt trng mn vi hm lng CO2 (4-5g/l) ngoi vic cung cp mt lng calori kh ln trong bia cn cha h enzyme kh phong ph,c bit l nhm enzyme kch thch tiu ha amylaza gip con ngi gii kht mt cch trit khi ung .V vy bia l loi ung hin rt c a chung nc ta cng nh trn th gii. c sn xut t cc nguyn liu chnh l malt i mch, hoa hublon... bia em li gi tr dinh dng, mt lt bia cung cp 400 450kcal, bia c kh nng kch thch tiu ho, gip c th kho mnh khi dng vi liu lng thch hp v c bit cn c tc dng lm gim nhanh cn kht ca ngi ung nh c tnh bo ho CO2. Vit Nam, bia xut hin cha lu lm (ch khong 100 nm), ngnh cng nghip sn xut bia vn cn rt nhiu tim nng pht trin. Trong nhng nm gn y, nhu cu s dng bia nc ta ngy cng tng. Rt nhiu nh my cng nh c s sn xut bia c thnh lp trn khp c nc nhng vn cha p ng ht c nhu cu th trng c v cht lng cng nh s lng. Hn na bia l mt ngnh cng nghip c nhiu ng gp to ln cho ngnh kinh t quc dn v n l ngnh sn xut em li li nhun cao, kh nng thu hi vn nhanh, v l ngun thu quan trng cho ngn sch quc gia.
1 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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Xut pht t nhu cu thc t, mc tiu ra v li ch ca vic pht trin cng ngh sn xut bia nn vic xy dng thm cc nh my bia vi c cu t chc cht ch cng cc thit b cng ngh hin i cung cp cho ngi tiu dng cc loi bia c cht lng cao, gi thnh ph hp l v cng cn thit. Chnh v vy em tin hnh thc hin ti: Thit k nh my bia nng sut
45triu lt/nm sa dng nguyn liu go thay th t l l 25%
PHN I TNG QUAN

I. Tnh hnh pht trin nghnh bia trn th gii v Vit Nam. Tnh hnh sn xut v tiu th bia trn th gii ngy cng nhiu cng vi nhu cu v iu kin i sng vt cht ca mi ngi khp ni trn Th gii ngy cng tng.Theo thng k, cc nc c, M c sn lng bia ln hn 10 t lt/nm. M l mt nc pht trin, qui m sn xut ln 5 cng ty chim 60% tng sn lng bia sn xut ra Canada hai cng ty chim 94% tng sn lng bia sn xut ra. Cc nc c, an Mch, Tip tiu th nhiu hn 100 lt/ngi/nm. Chu u, hu ht cc nc u sn xut v tiu th bia vi lng ln th Chu Phi ch mt s nc l sn xut v tiu th nhiu bia. Ngi ta thng k c cc nc c sn lng bia cao nht tt c cc chu lc l: M, Trung Quc, c, Brazin, Nht, Anh, Mexico, Ty Ba Nha, Nam Phi. 10 nc c mc tiu th bia cao nht l: Tip, c, Italia, c, B, Niudilan, o, an Mch, Hungari, Anh. Chu c cc nc pht trin nh: Nht, Trung Quc v cc nc ang pht trin nh: Lo, Campuchia, Vit Nam iu c sn lng sn xut v tiu th bia ngy cng tng ln nhng mc tng trng l khc nhau cc nc khc nhau.Thi Lan 26,5%, Philippin 22%, Malaixia 21%, Trung Quc 20%. 2 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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Sn lng bia Trung Quc, Nht gn bng vi sn lng bia c, M 8-12 t lt/nm.Nht c 4 cng ty ln chim 40% sn lng sn xut ra Trung Quc c 800 nh my c sn lng ln hn 150 triu lt/nm (chim 25% tng sn lng sn xut ra).Mc tiu th Nht 50 triu lt/ngi/nm.Mc tiu th Singapo 18 - 20 lt/ngi/nm. Vit Nam l mt nc ng Nam , vng kh hu nhit i m, bia l th ung c cn nh, c gi tr dinh dng v cht lng cm quan cao c tc dng gii kht nn bia rt c a chung Vit Nam. Mc tiu th ca ngi Vit Nam nm 2000 l 10lt/ngi, tng sn lng 1000 triu lt. Nm 2005 tiu th 16 triu lt/ngi/nm.Nm 2010 mc tiu th bia ca vit nam t trn 1,5 t lt, ring tng cng ty C phn Bia-Ru-Nc gii kht Si Gn tiu th ti 1t lt/nm Mc tiu: - Xy dng nghnh bia thnh mt nghnh kinh t mnh. S dng ti a ngun nguyn liu trong nc sn xut ra sn phm c cht lng cao, a dng ho v chng loi, ci tin bao b mu m, phn u h gi thnh, nng cao kh nng cnh tranh, p ng nhu cu trong nc v c sn phm xut khu, tng ngun thu ngn sch, hi nhp vng chc kinh t khu vc v th gii. - Khuyn khch cc thnh phn kinh t tham gia sn xut, bia t cht lng cao t nguyn liu trong nc v nhp khu. II. Lp lun kinh t k thut 1.Chn a im xy dng nh my. Cc nguyn tc la chn a im xy dng nh my: + Gn vng nguyn liu v nhin liu. + Thun li v giao thng thu, b vn chuyn nguyn liu, vt liu v sn phm. + Gn ngun cung cp nc, c h thng thot nc hp l khng nh hng n mi trng, n sc khe ca ngi dn trong vng. 3 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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+ a hnh bng phng, i cht n nh, khng c chn ng. + din tch b tr thit b v khu vc trong nh my, sn xut, giao thng ni b thun tin, c t d tr cho m rng sn xut. a. iu kin t nhin. Huyn Th Xun c din tch rng 30010,14 ha , pha ng gip vi huyn Thiu Ho, pha ng nam gip vi huyn Triu Sn, pha Ty gip vi huyn Thng Xun, pha Ty bc gip vi huyn Ngc Lc, pha ng Bc gip vi huyn Yn nh. Vi thng k dn s nm 2009 l 233.752 ngi. c bit Thanh Ha c bin gii gip Lo, y l th trng y ha hn trong tng li.. Ti a bn huyn, c khu cng nghip Lam Sn l mt trong nhng khu cng nghip trng im ca tnh. Vi din tch quy hoch ln hn 1000ha, a hnh tng i cao do vy m t b nh hng bi l lt l mt trong nhng lo ngi ca Thanh Ho,Khu cng nghip ny cch thnh ph Thanh Ho 40km, nm cnh ng H Ch Minh, y l con ng huyt mch lun m bo giao thng thng sut ca c nc. Ngoi ra qua a bn huyn cn c quc l 15 v ng 47. Cng bin nc su Nghi Sn c kh nng tip nhn tu trn 5 vn tn thun li cho vn ti bin trong nc v quc t, ngoi cc tuyn ng b th huyn cn gn sn bay Sao Vng y cng l mt iu kin rt thun li trong tng lai. Mt li th na l ti y khuyn khch u t cc ngnh l: thc phm, ma ng, ho cht..do vy m mt loi cc chnh sch u i u t ca huyn nhm to ra s thng thong cn thit cng c ban hnh. Kh hu nhit i gi ma thch hp cho trng cy nng nghip. Hng gi ch o v ma ng l ng bc v Ty bc, ma h l ng v ng nam. Nhit khng kh bnh qun nm 23,40C, m khng kh bnh qun nm 86%. iu kin t nhin nh vy tng i thun li cho sn xut. Ngnh du lch v dch v cua tnh cng ang pht trim bi c bi bim Sm Sn v nhiu khu di tch lch s ni ting nh: Ni , ng Sn, khu di tch B Triu, L Hon, thnh Nh H, Lam Kinh, Ba nh, Hm Rng 4 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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Do vic xy dng nh my bia ti khu cng nghip Lam Sn l hon ton hp l. b. Vng nguyn liu Nguyn liu chnh u tin sn xut bia l malt. Nguyn liu ny c nhp ngoi. Hoa houblon nhp t Tip Khc, c di dng cao hoa v hoa vin. Nguyn liu thay th l go c th mua trong tnh v tnh ln cn. c. Ngun cung cp in, nc. Ngun in: S dng in li ca mng li in quc gia chy qua khu vc. Mng li in ny cung cp 24/24 gi trong ngy, nhng phng s c mng li, nh my b tr mt my pht in d phng. Ngun nc: Nc c ly t h thng ging khoan. Trong nh my nc c dng vo cc mc ch khc nhau. Nc nu bia cn p ng y cc ch tiu cho cng ngh sn xut bia. Do nc phi i qua mt h thng x l ng k thut trc khi cp cho sn xut. Bn cnh cn phi xy dng khu x l nc thi x l nc thi ca nh my trnh gy nhim n mi trng xung quanh. d. Ngun cung cp nhin liu Nhin liu s dng trong nh my l cho ni hi phc v cho cc mc ch khc nhau nh nu nguyn liu, thanh trng... Nh my s dng nhin liu l than nhp v qua cng L Mn. e. Ngun nhn lc Huyn c dn s ng to iu kin di do v lao ng cho nh my v con dn ca Thanh Ho hin ang c o to ti cc trng i hc H ni, Ngh An, Hu, ..s l i ng k s lnh ngh cho nh my. Xy dng nh my s gii quyt vn vic lm cho ngi dn lao ng v nng cao t nhiu mc sng cho ngi dn ni y. Hn th, xy dng nh my s thu ht c cc lao ng c trnh a phng v lm vic, lm giu trn chnh mnh t qu hng mnh. Theo mt kho st gn y mc sng hin ti ca a phng cn thp so vi cc tnh 5 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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khc nn ch doanh nghp c th h gi thnh ca sn phm, l mt nhn t gip nh my c sc cnh tranh trn th trng. f. Vng tiu th sn phm Bia nh my sn xut ra ch yu cung cp phc v nhu cu cc huyn trong tnh v cc tnh ln cn: Ngh An, Ninh Bnh. Ngoi ra nh my cn c th m rng sn xut xut khu sang Lo. g. a im xy dng nh my Vi nhng thun li trn, vic quyt nh chn a im khu cng nghip Lam Sn xy dng nh my sn xut bia 45triu lt/nm s dng nguyn liu go thay th t l cao l hon ton hp l. III.La chn loi bia sn xut Hin nay Vit Nam lng bia vng c tiu th mnh nht. Do em la chn em la chn loi bia sn xut c cht lng cao v c tiu th mnh nht l bia vng . Sn phm bia sn xut ra phi m bo t c cc tiu chun sau: * Cc ch tiu cm quan: - bt: Khi rt bia ra cc, bia phi c bt trng mn, t y cc lun c cc bt kh li ti ni dn ln b mt. Chiu cao lp bt > 2cm, thi gian gi bt 5 15 pht. - Mi v v: Bia phi c ng c trng v hng thm du nh ca hoa houblon, khng qu nht, khng c mi v l. - Mu sc v trong: Bia phi c mu vng rm sng ng nh, trong sut, khng c c cn hay vn c. * Cc ch tiu ho hc: - cn: 4,6 0,2 , Aldehyt: 10 15 mg/l - Hm lng ng st: 1 2% - Hm lng CO2: 4,5 5 g/l - Hm lng diacetyl: 0,2 mg/l - Cht khong: 0,14 0,38% 6 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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- m tng: 3,5 5 g/l - Este: 15 50 mg/l
Phn II
La chn nguyn liu v dy chuyn cng ngh
I. La chn nguyn liu.
Nguyn liu chnh dng cho sn xut bia trong nh my l malt i mch, v nguyn liu dng thay th cho malt l go vi t l 20% nhm gim gi thnh sn phm, hoa houblon to hng v c trng cho bia,nc v cc cht ph tr khc 1. Malt i mch Malt i mch l nguyn liu chnh s mt dng sn xut bia. Khong 1/3 i mch trn th gii c trng sn xut bia. i mch thuc h Hordeum Sativum, c mt s t thuc h H.Muvirum, H.Jubatum. i mch thng c gieo trng vo ma ng hay ma xun, c trng nhiu Nga, M, Canada, Php, Nga i mch c ging 2 hng v i mch a hng, trong i mch a hng li gm c i mch 4 hng v i mch 6 hng. Tuy nhin ch c i mch hai hng c dng trong sn xut bia. Cn i mch a hng ch dng trong chn nui v cc mc ch khc. Ht i mch tri qua qu trnh ngm, m mm s tr thnh ht malt ti; ht malt ti li tip tc qua qu trnh sy, tch r v nh bng s tr thnh ht malt kh tiu chun c th bo qun di ngy trong iu kin kh, mt v c s dng sn xut bia. Trong qu trnh x l ht i mch tr thnh ht malt hon thin h enzyme trong ht c hot ha v tng cng hot lc, c bit l h enzyme 7 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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thy phn thc hin qu trnh chuyn ha cc cht cao phn t to ra cht chit ca dch ng. Hin nay, cc c s sn xut bia nc ta thng s dng loi malt c ngun gc t i mch hai hng, ch yu c nhp t c hoc mt s nc chu u nh: c, an Mch... Malt dng trong sn xut bia cn m bo mt s yu cu: Ch tiu cm quan: - Mu sc: ht malt vng c mu vng rm, sng ng nh, mu chun l 0,3 iod; (malt en c mu sm). - Mi v: mi v c trng cho malt vng l v ngt nh hay ngt du, c hng thm c trng, khng c c mi v l. - sch ca malt cho php l 0,5% ht gy v, 1% cc tp cht khc. Ch s c l: - Trng lng kh tuyt i: 28 38g/1000ht - Dung trng: 530 560g/l - m: 5 8% - ho tan: 70 80% - Thi gian ng ho: 10 20pht 70C - ng maltose chim t 65 70% tng cht ho tan, t l ng maltose/ng phi maltose = 1/0,4 1/0,51 Bng thnh phn ha hc ca malt: [ I ] TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Thnh phn ho hc ca malt Tinh bt ng kh Saccarose Pentose Nit formol Cht khong Pentozan khng ho tan v Hexozan Cellulose Cc cht cha nit Cc cht cha nit khng ng t % cht kh 58 65 4 5 1 0,7 1 2,5 9 6 10 2,5 8 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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11
2. Go
Cht bo
2,5
h gi thnh sn xut, ci tin mi v ca bia v nhm mc ch c lu di, trong sn xut bia ngi ta thng trn ln mt s i mch cha ny mm hoc cc loi ng cc khc thay th thc mm, cng c khi dng tinh bt hoc cc loi ng (gluco, saccaro, malto ...) lm nguyn liu thay th. Go l nng sn ch yu ca cc nc phng ng nh Vit Nam, Trung Quc, Nht, Triu Tin ..., thnh phn ca go gm tinh bt chim t (70 - 75)% cht kh, cc loi ng chim t (2 - 5)% cht kh, protit t (7 - 8)% cht kh, cht bo t (1 - 1,5)% cht kh, cht khong t (1 - 1,2)% cht kh. Ta nhn thy rng go cha nhiu tinh bt & t protit do trong qu trnh nu ta thu c mt lng ln cc cht ho tan (khong 90% cht kh). Qua ta thy go l mt sn phm ph rt tt thng c dng nu kt hp vi malt (t l thng l 20%) & thu c nhng loi bia c cht lng cao. Ngoi go ngi ta cn dng tiu mch, ng lm nguyn liu thay th. Tuy nhin tiu mch khng c v tru v khi bt tiu mch tip xc vi nc th protein ca chng d tham gia qu trnh hydrat ho to thnh phc cht keo t. Phc cht ny c c im l rt dai v do, c th ko thnh si c gi l gluten. V tnh cht qu gi ny m tiu mch ch c dng sn xut bnh m, vn bt tc d mi s dng chng trong sn xut bia. Cn vi ng th trong cng ngh sn xut bia, loi ng c dng thay th malt i mch ch yu l loi trng c (hm lng tinh bt cao, protein thp) v c s dng di dng bt nghin nh. Mt tr ngi ln khi a ng vo sn xut bia l phi ca chng qu ln, hm lng cht bo nhiu, kh lc v gim bn keo cng nh kh nng to bt ca bia. s dng loi cc ny c hiu qu, trc lc a vo ch bin dch ng ng phi qua mt cng on tch phi v v. V vy em dng go lm nguyn liu thay th malt i mch cho nh my. 9 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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3. Hoa houblon . Hoa houblon l mt loi thc vt thn g, mnh (nh cay nho), cao t 2 3m, c khi n 5 hoc 6 m. Chng c trng theo lung (m t ht hoc gim cnh). Hoa houblon gm hoa c v hoa ci. Trong ngnh sn xut bia ngi ta ch s dng hoa ci cha th phn, hoa c khng s dng c v n rt b v cha rt t hng lupulin. Cu to ca hoa houblon c nhng thnh phn chnh sau: cung hoa, cnh hoa v nhng ht lupulin vng ng ta phn hoa. Nhng ht phn hoa ny cha cht ng v cht thm ca hoa houblon. Lng ht ny ph thuc vo ging v iu kin trng hoa houblon. Ngi ta chng minh rng iu kin thi tit nhiu nh nng mt tri th hoa s c nhiu ht lupulin hn. Hoa houblon c dng hnh chy, di t (3 - 4) cm, mu hoa khi chn thng t vng n vng ng. Trng lng tng phn ca hoa nh sau: cnh v nh hoa (66 67)%, ht lupulin (19 - 20)%, trc hoa (7 - 8)% v cung hoa (5 - 6)% tnh theo % cht kh. Hin nay c trn 100 ging hoa houblon trn th gii. Thnh phn ch yu trong hoa houblon: trong hoa houblon c cha ng nhng hp cht c trng cho loi hoa ny nh cht thm, tinh du thm ... nhng hp cht ny c ngha quan trng v k thut trong sn xut bia. Ngoi nhng hp cht c trng trong hoa cn cha ng nhng hp cht khc tng t cc loi thc vt, mt vi trong nhng hp cht y cng c ngha quan trng trong k thut. Thnh phn ho hc ca hoa houblon c tnh ra % cht kh nh sau: [ I ] Nc: (11 13)% Cht ng: (15 - 21)%. Tanin: (2,5 6)%. Cht c N: (15 - 21)%. Cht ng. Cht ng l thnh phn c gi tr nht ca hoa houblon. N to cho bia v ng c bit v d chu, to mt c tnh cm quan rt c bit ca bia khi ho tan vo 10 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng Cellulo: (12 14)%. Cht tro: (5 - 8)%. Tinh du thm: 0,3 - 1 Cc hp cht khc: (26 - 28)%.
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dch ng v tn ti trong bia. Cc cht ng l nhng hp cht c hot tnh sinh hc cao, to sc cng b mt gip cho bia c kh nng gi bt rt lu. Vi nng kh thp, cc cht ng cng c kh nng c ch rt nhanh s pht trin ca vi sinh vt. V vy chng c tnh khng khun rt cao v nh lm tng bn sinh hc ca bia thnh phm. Thnh phn cht ng trong hoa houblon gm nhiu hp cht : [ I ] - acid ng: 6-9%. - acid ng: 3-4%. + - acid ng. Cu t cht ng quan trng s mt ny bao gm 6 hp cht:humulon,cohumulon, adhumulon, prehumulon, posthumulon & 4 deoxyhumulon. Kh nng ho tan ca - acid ng trong nc khong 500 mg/l, trong dch ng th t hn v trong bia th hu nh khng ng k. giai on un si dch ng vi hoa houblon cc hp cht humulon khng ho tan trc tip vo m chng phi tri qua giai on trung gian l qu trnh ng phn ho. Sau cc cht ng phn ny ho tan v b thu phn thnh cc sn phm c ng cao hn nhiu so vi hp cht nguyn thu. + - axit ng. Nhm axit ny gm: lupulon, colupulon, adlupulon, prelupulon. Lupulon l hp cht dng tinh th, mu trng dng lng knh hoc que di, nng chy 920C. So vi humulon th lupulon km ng hn nhng tnh khng khun cao hn. Nu b oxy ho - axit ng chuyn thnh hulupon, nu phn ng ko di hulupon s b polyme ho tr thnh nha mm v sau thnh nha cng. + Nha mm. Nha mm l polyme ca cc axit ng, l cht v nh hnh, cha c xc nh v thnh phn ho hc. Kh nng ho tan ca nha mm vo dch ng cao hn ( Nha mm: 5-6%. Nha cng: 1-2%.
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axit ng v vy chng to ra c lc ng kh ln cho bia. y l hp phn c gi tr ca cht ng. + Nha cng. Nha cng l polyme ca cc acit ng nhng mc cao hn nhiu so vi nha mm. Chng c hnh thnh trong qu trnh sy v bo qun. Cu t ny hu nh khng ho tan vo nc v dch ng, chng thi ra ngoi theo cn lng. y l hp phn khng c gi tr trong cng ngh sn xut bia.
Tinh du thm. [ I ]
Tinh du ca hoa houblon ho tan vo dch ng, tn ti trong bia v to ra cho n mt mi thm c trng, rt nh nhng, d chu. Tinh du thm l cht lng trong sut mu vng nht hoc khng mu, c mi thm rt mnh. T trng ca chng l 0,88, d ho tan trong ru etylic nng cao. Trong nc t l ho tan ca chng khng ng k. Tinh du thm bay hi kh nhanh nhit thng. Trong thi gian un si dch ng vi hoa houblon c n 98% lng tinh du bay ra ngoi theo hi nc, ch cn li 2% tn ti trong bia. i vi bia vng th lng tinh du 2% ny quyt nh hng thm ca chng. Cht cht Cht cht (tanin) trong hoa houblon c ngha nht nh trong qu trnh k thut v nh hng ti cht lng bia, gip cho dch ng trong nhanh v lm kt ta nhng cht protit khng bn vng, lm tng bn vng ca bia. Vi lng cht cht va phi n gy bia c v cht nh, d chu, nu lng ny nhiu s gy cho bia cht v ng. Ngi ta s dng tanin ca hoa houblon loi cc cu t protein kh bin tnh v kt lng ra khi dch ng v chng tn ti trong bia s gy c sau ny. Cht c cha Nit. Trong hoa houblon c cha 1 s cht m nhng cht y c cha N: protit, albumin, pepton, axitamin, mui amon ... trong s ny c khong 44% nhng cht cha N c
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kh nng kt ta vi axit phospho wolfram. Tip n khong 20% l mui amon, amit v 19% amin v nhng cht khc. 4. Nc. Nc l 1 trong cc nguyn liu chnh sn xut bia chim (77 - 90)% trng lng bia thnh phm. Thnh phn ho hc v cht lng ca nc nh hng trc tip ti ton b k thut sn xut v nh hng rt ln ti c im, tnh cht v cht lng bia thnh phm.Thnh phn ca nc ph thuc vo ngun ca n. Nc mch thng cha nhiu mui v cht hu c hn, nc ma cha nhiu kh hn. Ph thuc vo thnh phn ca cc lp t m ngun nc i qua, nhng dng nc mch c nhng lng mui v cht hu c theo t l khc nhau. Trong qu trnh sn xut bia cn mt lng nc rt ln, mt phn dng un si, h ho, ng ho, mt phn ra men, ra thit b v nu hi. Nc ra men v thit b i hi phi sch, khng c cha nhiu cc hp cht hu c v vi sinh vt. c bit i vi cc vi sinh vt v vi trng c nh hng trc tip n nhng qu trnh k thut sn xut bia, phi thng xuyn kim tra di knh hin vi xc nh lng vi sinh vt c trong nc, nu lng ny nhiu qu ta phi tin hnh st trng Tc ng ln nht ca nc n cht lng sn phm, n pH l do cc ion kim loi c mt trong nc. Ion HCO3- l ion kim ho duy nht. Nc dng sn xut bia l nc mm trong khng c NH2 ,NO2 , khng mi v. Cc ion trong nc u c u im v nhc im: Cc u im thng l: + Gim pH nn tt cho qu trnh ng ho, nu hoa ( pH = 5,7 - 5,9) + To snh cho bia. + Cc ion Na +,Ca2+, K+ , Mg2+ kt hp c cn nng, cn lnh nn tng kh nng tch cn. Cc nhc im: thng to ra do qu hm lng cc ion kim loi nh Fe2+,Fe3+,Mg2+ ,Zn2+,Cu2+, Pb2+, gy ra mi kim loi, to cn oxy ho, gy c men, 13 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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gy v ng cht nn cn m bo hm lng ca cc ion kim loi trn mc rt thp. Ring HCO3- li lm tng pH, Cl- li lm gim s kt lng nm men nn cn: + HCO3- < 400 mg/l. + Cl- < 200mg/l Ngoi ra nc cn phi t mt s ch tiu: Khng mu, khng mi, khng v c NTV 2 Hm lng Ca2+ (mg/l): 30-60 Hm lng Mg2+ (mg/l) < 20 Hm lng Na+ (mg/l): 23-28 Hm lng K+ (mg/l) 4 Hm lng NH 4 + (mg/l) 0,5 Hm lng Fe (mg/l) 0,05 Hm lng NO Hm lng SO Al (mg/l): 0 5. Nguyn liu ph tr 5.1 Ch phm enzym Termamyl. Dng ch phm enzyme Termamyl ph v mng tinh bt bin chng thnh trng thi ho tan ca dung dch v thu phn mt phn tinh bt. Ch phm enzyme Termamyl c bn cht l enzyme - amylaza chu nhit, pH trung tnh, dng lng, c sn xut t dch nui cy vi khun Bacillus licheniformiss trong phn t c Ca2+. N c kh nng chu nhit cao hn cc ch phm enzyme - amylaza t nm men v nm mc, nhit ti u l 90-950C, iu 14 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
3
pH : 6,9- 7,5 Kim tng (oF) 4 cng tng (oF) 2 Hm lng Ca2+ (mg/l): 30-60 Hm lng Na+ (mg/l): 23-28 Hm lng Fe (mg/l) 0,05 Hm lng Mn (mg/l) 0,05 Hm lng mui (quy v mg/l NaCl) 20 Hm lng NO (mg/l) 0,1 2 Hm lng SiO (mg/l): 9-36 2 Vi sinh vt: Theo quy nh ca B Y t
(mg/l) 15 (mg/l) 3
2 4
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ny rt thun li cho dch ho tinh bt go v nhit h ho go l 860C. Enzyme ny thu phn tinh bt mi lin kt -1,4 glucozit trong phn t amyloza v amylopectin. V vy tinh bt s nhanh chng b phn gii thnh dextrin ho tan trong nc. Hm lng s dng enzym ny l 0,1% so vi nguyn liu thay th. Khi s dng enzyme c th tng hiu xut thu hi cht ho tan, tng t l nguyn liu thay th, gim gi thnh sn phm. 5.2. Ch phm enzyme Cereflo. y l tn thng mi ca enzyme - glucanaza, hot ng ti u pH = 5,5 6,0 nhit 50 600C, c tc dng lm gim nht dch ng, tng hiu sut lc, tng kh nng trch ly cc cht vo dch ng. V vy a ngay ch phm ny vo u qu trnh ng ho, nng 0,06% so vi nguyn liu thay th. 5.3. Ch phm enzyme Fungamyl. y l enzyme 1,4 D glucan glucanohydrolaza, sn phm thu phn ch yu l ng maltoza v lm tng kh nng ln men ca dch ng t 2-5%. N h tr c lc cho Termamyl trong vai tr ng ho tinh bt dch ho, nht l khi t l nguyn liu thay th ln (t 35-65%). Nh my s dng ch phm enzyme Termamyl
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II. Quy trnh sn xut bia
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Malt
Go
Lm sch
Lm sch
Cn
Cn
Nghin ng ha Lc dch ng
Hoa houblon Men ging Nhn ging
M a lt
lt
Nghin
H ha Termamyl
Houblon ha Lng xoy

Lm lnh nhanh
B Hoa
Thu hi men
E.Maturex
Ln men chnh
B sung O2 Thu hi CO2
Ln men ph
Lc Bia
Chai
X l
Cilicage n
Bo ha CO2 Chit chai

Thanh trng
Ra
Dn nhn
SP BiaChai
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2.1.1. Nghin malt - Mc ch: dp nt malt thnh nhiu mnh, lm tng b mt tip xc vi nc nhm thc y qu trnh thu phn v ng ho xy ra nhanh & trit hn. - Tin hnh: Malt c cn cho tng m nu, thng c nghin bng my nghin trc. My gm 2 i trc quay ngc chiu nhau, ht malt cn nghin nh ri vo khe gia 2 trc. Mc nghin nh rt quan trng v ht c nghin nh th din tch chu nh hng ca enzim ln hn to iu kin tng tc cho qu trnh thu phn v ng ho. Nhng i vi malt ta phi nghin sao cho phn v cng t b nt cng tt, v phn bt cn phi nh tng thu hi cht chit. Nu v malt b nghin nt th khi nu cc cht amin s ho tan vo nhiu s nh hng ti cht lng ca bia. Mt khc nu v chu nh s kh lc v lp v chu l mng lc ph. Tuy nhin mc nghin cn ph thuc vo bn cht nguyn liu v dng thit b lc. Yu cu v thnh phn bt sau khi nghin: V tru: (15 - 18)%. Tm th: (18 - 22)%. Tm mn: (30 - 35)%. Bt: (25 - 35)%. - Chn phng php nghin t v: Nghin t l v malt c gi nguyn, hn ch trch ly cc cht ng, gy mi v l vo trong dch ng v rt ngn thi gian lc b. Tuy nhin sau khi nghin t malt phi c s dng lun. 2.1.2. Nghin go - Mc ch: Go c nghin nh qu trnh nu c nhanh chng & d dng. - Tin hnh:
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Go c cn cho tng m nu sau c nghin bng my nghin ba. Do go cha nhiu hm lng tinh bt nn cng c nghin nh th din tch chu nh hng ca enzim cng ln v chuyn thnh dng ho tan trong nc mt cch trit . Malt v go sau khi nghin c chuyn n phn xng nu tin hnh qu trnh ng ho.
Nhi?t d? ( 0 C)
malt lt l?n 2
malt lt l?n 1
th? i gian ( T)
Hnh 1.1. S nu.
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2.2. Qu trnh h ho.

- Mc ch: Chuyn tinh bt ca nguyn liu thay th go t nhng thnh phn tinh bt khng tan v dng ho tan v mt phn mch tinh bt cng c phn tch. Ngoi ra, cn c mt s phn ng thu phn cc hp cht nh khc nh Protein, Hemixellulo ... nhm to iu kin cho h enzim ca malt hot ng trit . - Phng php nu go Trong nu go tng hiu sut trch ly th s dng enzyme hoc s dng malt lt. Nu s dng malt lt 10% th enzyme trong malt lt khng gi c hot lc (b v hot) khi nhit h ho ca go l 860C. V vy, phi s dng kt hp vi enzyme c nhit hot ng cao hn 860C. Ch phm enzyme trn th trng tho mn iu kin ny l Termamyl. - Thit b nu cho: Ni nu cho thn hinh tr, y chm cu v nh cu, c lm bng thp khng g, cu to hai v c bao hi bn ngoi nu. Ni nu c cnh khuy tng cng qu trnh truyn nhit v chng chy cho. C nhit k o nhit , van an ton p lc, ng h o p sut, mt ng nc lnh vo, mt ng nc nng vo, mt ng cho sang ni malt, mt ng nc thi, van x nc ngng - Tin hnh: Nguyn liu c nu trong ni hai v c cnh khuy, dng hi nu ph thuc vo nhit trong ni. Sau khi v sinh ni ta cho nc 460C v ni nu theo t l go : nc = 1:4. Cho cnh khuy hot ng, cho ton b lng go vo ho u vi nc. Sau cho thm 5% lng malt lt, gi trong 20 pht. Vic cho malt lt vo ln mt c tc dng lm gim b dy lp keo, trnh hin tng vn cc, lm sng tinh bt. Sau nng nhit khi dch ln 720C, gi nhit ny trong thi gian 10 pht to iu kin cho enzym _amylaza hot ng. Sau nng ln 860C , gi nhit ny trong 5 pht. y l nhit h ho, nhit ny hu ht tinh bt c h 20 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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ho. Tip theo ta thm nc h nhit xung 720C, ri cho tip 5% malt lt cn li vo, tip tc cho thm ch phm termamyl vo dch trong 30 pht thc hin qu trnh dch ho. Ch phm enzyme ny s phn ct nt mch tinh bt, lm gim nht cho dch. Tinh bt trong giai on ny tip tc c hot ho, nht gim t mc ch un si d dng. Sau tip tc nng nhit khi dch ln 1000C & gi nhit ny trong thi gian 15 pht vi mc ch bt chn ht, to iu kin tt cho qu trnh dch ng ho ni malt. Trong qu trnh nu cnh khuy lun hot ng trnh hin tng sinh nhit cc b gy chy kht.
2.3. Qu trnh dch ng ho.

- Mc ch: l chuyn cc cht khng tan c trong thnh phn chnh ca malt v go thnh nhng cht ho tan. Trong ht malt kh c 10% lng cht kh l nhng hp cht phn t d ho tan sau khi ng ho, trong dch ng c (70 - 75)% lng cht kh trng thi ho tan. C ngha l c (50 - 60)% t cc hp cht chuyn thnh cc cht thp phn t d ha tan. Vy qu trnh ng ho l chuyn tt c cc cht cao phn t trong nguyn liu thnh nhng cht phn t thp hn d ho tan vo trong nc, cc cht ho tan nh cc loi dch ng, axit amin. ng ho l mt qu trnh sinh ho phc tp xy ra di tc dng ca enzim. Qu trnh ny ph thuc nhiu vo cc yu t nhit , pH, pha long ca hn hp thu phn: + Nhit c nh hng ln, khng ch n tc ng ho, hiu sut dch ng ho m c nh hng n t l cc thnh phn ca sn phm ng ho. Nu tng nhit thu phn ln mt nhit nht nh th tc ng ho tng ln rt nhanh. Nhng nu tip tc tng qu gii hn th cc enzim s b gim hot lc, qu trnh dch ng ho s b chm li hoc ngng. Nhit ti u cho enzim amylaza l (63 - 65)0C. Nhit ti u cho - amylaza l (72 - 75)0C, nhit gii hn ca - amilaza l 780C. V vy iu chnh nhit l yu t quan trng cho qu trnh dch ng ho khng ch qu trnh ln men v sau. 21 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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+ S thu phn tinh bt: tinh bt l ngun cacbon ch yu thu cht ho tan trong qu trnh dch ng ho malt. S thu phn tinh bt xy ra di tc dng ca h thng men thu phn , - amilaza ti khong nhit (60 - 78)0C, sn phm to thnh l glucoza, maltaza, dextrin. + Cc enzim thu phn protit l nhng enzim chu nhit nu nhit ln hn 600C th hot lc ca chng gim xung rt nhanh, pH ti thch ca enzim ny l 5,8 - 6,2. Nu pH < 4,5 th hot lc ca chng gim i 80%, nhit thch hp cho enzim ny l (50 - 55)0C. + pH cng c nh hng n hot ng ca enzim, mi enzim c pH ti thch ring, pH ti u i vi amylophosphataza l 5,5 - 5,7; vi ( - amylaza th pH ti u l 5,5 - 5,7; vi ( - amilaza th pH ti u l 4,8 - 5,0. pH ca dch ng thp hn lm cn tr s hot ng ca nm men l gim hiu sut ho tan, dch ng b c, kh lc, bia s c mu sm v v ng kh chu. Vy phi iu chnh pH ph hp bia c cht lng cao. + Nng cc cht: nng cc cht trong qu trnh dch ng ho cng gy nh hng khng nh ti qu trnh ng ho. Nng dch ng c th thay i nh s tng gim gia khi lng nc v bt malt. + Nhng qu trnh thu phn khc: ngoi nhng qu trnh trn, trong qu trnh ng ho cn xy ra s thu phn cc axit bo, cc hp cht phospho v cc cao phn t di tc ng ca nhit v mi trng cn c s bin tnh, keo t ca protein nh li c nhng pha protein c phn t lng ln ra ngoi, trnh c s kt ta sau ny lm c bia. Trong qu trnh ng ho c s to thnh melanoid do lm tng cng mu ca dch, tnh cm quan tng, mi thm c trng.
Chn phng php ng ho:
+ Phng php un si tng phn:
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- u im: to bc nhy nhit , trnh dng nhit trung gian. un si mt phn dch ng dch ho hon ton tinh bt kh ho tan, tng hiu sut ho tan ln mt n hai ln, do lm tng hiu sut ng ho. - Nhc im: thao tc phc tp, thi gian ko di. V s dng nguyn liu thay th vi t l 25% nn chn phng php ng ho un si tng phn c b sung ch phm enzyme Termamyl t l 0,075% so vi go dch ho, ng ho nguyn liu, enzyme Cereflo t l 0,06% so vi go tng hiu sut trch ly cc cht vo trong dch ng - Thit b ng ha : Thit b ng ha l mt ni hnh tr y chm cu v c ch to bn thp khng g - Tin hnh. Khi cho sp chn 30 pht trc khi qu trnh h ho kt thc, ta tin hnh ngm malt. Bt malt c ho vi nc theo t l malt:nc = 1:4 nhit 450C. Khuy u trong 20 pht nhm chit cc enzim trong malt khuych tn vo nc v ho u trong nguyn liu. Sau bm 1/2 khi cho nu chn, lc ny cnh khuy lm vic vi tc ln, ng thi bm t t h nhit cho malt xung v cc men khng b ph hu. Sau khi trn phn cho un si vi ton b lng malt, ta c hn hp dch c nhit (50 - 52)0C gi nhit ny thi gian 20 pht. y l nhit ti u cho men proteaza hot ng mnh m v s to ra nhiu sn phm ca protit phn t lng thp, peptit, aminoaxit. Sau bm nt 1/2 khi cho cn li t ni h ho sang ni ng ho nhit s t (60 - 65)0C, duy tr nhit ny trong thi gian 30 pht thc hin qu trnh ng ho ln 1. y l nhit ti u cho enzim - amylaza hot ng phn ct amylopectin v amyloza thnh ng maltoza v mt t dextrin. Tip theo tng nhit ln 750C v gi trong thi gian 10 pht, y l qu trnh ng ho ln 2. Ti 750C l nhit ti thch cho enzim - amylaza hot ng phn ct amylopectin 23 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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dextrin l ch yu. Sau nng nhit dch ng ho ln 760C v duy tr trong 15 pht. Dng iod th n khi thy iod i sang mu cnh dn th kt thc qu trnh ng ho v a dch ng i lc.
2.4. Lc dch ng
- Mc ch Qu trnh ny nhm tch dch ng ra khi b malt v cc tp cht khng tan khc. c trng ca dch ng ho tan trong c cha rt nhiu phn t rn nh trong qu trnh lc cc phn t ny s to ra mt lp nguyn liu lc ph lm cho dch ng trong hn. - Chn phng php lc bng thng lc y bng: + u im: - C kh nng lc v ra b, tho b. - Dung tch lm vic ca thng lc 220 kg/m3 tc lc nhanh. - Dung dch lc khng b oxy ho bi khng kh. + Nhc im: Thi gian lc di hn v din tch chim ch ln hn - Thit b lc y bng: Thit b lc y bng l mt thng hnh tr (ch to bng ng hoc thp trng) c hai y: y tht v y gi. Trn cao 10-15 cm t y, thng lc c ghp mt y gi th hai. y gi bao gm nhiu mnh kim loi c l mt sng ghp li. Hnh dng ca cc mnh ghp thng thng l hnh r qut. Trn y gi c l h, ng knh t 200 - 300 mm dng tho b malt ra ngoi. - Tin hnh Qu trnh lc c tin hnh theo 2 giai on: - Tch lc dch trong (cha cc cht ho tan ca malt) khi b malt. - Dng nc nng (75 - 78)0C thu hi nhng phn t ho tan ch yu cn bm phn b malt. Trc khi lc ta tin hnh bm nc lc, nhit ca nc t (75 - 78)0C vo di y sao cho chiu cao ca nc cch mt sng l 1 - 1,5cm. Nc vo t di chim 24 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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y cc ng dn v khong khng gian gia y chnh v li nn y c khng kh ra ngoi. S c mt ca khng kh trong ng ng gy kh khn cho qu trnh lc. Sau khi ng ho song dch ng c nng ln nhit 760C v c bm sang thng lc, va bm dch ng ng thi bt h thng cnh khuy co v o trn lp b lc, phn b u b trong thng. Sau ngng khuy v thi gian lng khong 20 - 30 pht, ta m van dn dch xung bnh trung gian. Lc u dch vn cn c c hi lu v thng lc. Khi dch lc song th ng van hi lu v m van dn dch sang ni hoa. Sau khi lc ht dch u tin hnh ra b theo khi lng dch cn phi t ti. M van y v van x cp ra b, bm nc nng nhit (75 - 78)0C vo thng lc theo 2 ng cp nc (ng CIP & sc y), cho h thng dao co hot ng 10 pht, ngng h thng dao co lng ra tng t nh lc dch ban u. Dng nc cng ra b v v malt c tanin m tanin th tan nhiu trong nc mm s lm cho bia b ng. Nu dng nc c nhit thp th dn n hiu sut chit ng thp. Nu nhit ca nc qu cao s dn n v hot enzim amylaza v cc tinh bt st c h ho nhng khng c ng ho v kh lc. Kt qu lm cho dch lc b c dn n bia b c. Trong qu trnh ra b nhit ca nc ra l (75 - 78)0C hn ch s xm nhp ca vi sinh vt, ch khng b kh mi cp tip nc lc, b kh s gy cht bia v nhiu phn ng ph khc v trnh hin tng oxy ho cht tanin ca v malt to mu sm cho bia. Thu phn v thu hi nt lng cht tan cn st li trong b, y l nhit m nht ca dch ng thp nht khng gy cn tr qu trnh lc. Tin hnh ra b n khi no lng dch sang ni hoa theo yu cu, ng thi kim tra ng st b t mc thp nht l (1 - 1,5)0S th s kt thc qu trnh lc.
2.5. un si dch ng vi hoa houblon

Mc ch 25 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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trch ly cc thnh phn chnh ca hoa houblon vo dch ng ch yu l cht ng, tinh du thm v polyphenol. Trong nhng sn phm thu phn ca protein c nhng cht cao phn t, nhng cht ny sm hay mun cng s b thu phn v gy c cho bia. - Polyphenol trong hoa houblon c kh nng kt lng vi cc cu t ny to ra kt ta, loi chng ra ngoi lm tng bn keo cho sn phm sau ny, lng protein cao phn t trong dch ng c loi tr tt th cht lng bia cng cao. - Trong qu trnh nu hoa c mt vi s bin i v thnh phn v tnh cht ca dch ng. - Nng dch ng: do bay hi nc khi un si dch ng m nng dch ng tng ln thch hp vi tng loi bia. - mu ca dch ng: lm cho mu sc nc thay i t nht sang m v hin tng caramen ho cc s hnh thnh melanol v cc cht mu ca hoa houblon chuyn t hoa vo dch. - Do tanin v cht ng ho tan vo dch ng nn khi un si cc cht ny kt hp vi protid to thnh kt ta lng xung di v ko theo cc cht khc lm cho dch ng trong hn. - Phng php np hoa: C rt nhiu phng php np hoa, tu theo yu cu, k thut nu hoa v loi hoa s dng m ta c cc phng php np hoa khc nhau. y ta s dng hai loi hoa: cao hoa v hoa vin. Do ta chn phng php nu hoa trong thit bi chiu p thng p sut kh quyn vi k thut nu nh sau: + Phn 1: ton b cao hoa c cho vo khi dch ng un si c 15 pht nhm mc ch mang li cho bia c v ng ca hoa houblon ng thi nh cc polyphenol c trong cao hoa kt hp vi cc cht keo, protit to thnh nhng cht d lng. + Phn 2: cho 1/2 lng hoa vin vo dch ng khi un si c 60 pht nhm to v ng v tng kh nng gi bt cho bia ng thi b xung thm 26 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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polyphenol vo dch ng v to mu cho bia. To bn keo v tng kh nng gi bt cho bia thnh phm. + Phn 3: Cho lng hoa vin cn li(1/2) vo dch ng khong 10 pht trc khi kt thc nu hoa nhm to hng, v m cho bia thnh phm. Tin hnh Khi dch ng c bm t thng lc sang thng un hoa th lp tc gia nhit , nng nhit ca dch ng ln (70 - 75)0C cho amylaza kp thu phn ht cc tinh bt cn st li n khi kt thc ra b th dch ng trong mi ni un hoa cng va si, khi dch ng si ta phi tng cng hi sao cho khi lng dch ng si cng mnh nht m bo lng nc bay hi trong qu trnh un nu t (4 - 8)%. Nng dch ng sau khi ra b thng thp hn nng dch ng yu cu cho men t (1,5 - 2)% thi gian un hoa cn ph thuc vo nng dch ng t cha. Ton b qu trnh kt thc l lc nhit phi t (100 - 106)0C. mt s protein s b kt ta nhit ny do lm tng trong v bn ca bia. Hoa c cho vo di dng hoa vin tu theo yu cu m lng hoa khc nhau, v hoa ny rt qu him nn phi tit kim khi s dng. Thi gian nu trung bnh t 1- 2 ting, gia nhit nhanh nhm t hiu sut kt ta protein khng ng t cao nht v nhm c c gim th tch dch ng. Kt thc qu trnh nu hoa dch ng trong hn, sm mu hn, c hng c trng v c v ng pha ngt. Dch ny s c bm vo thng lng xoy nhm loi b b hoa.
2.6. Ni lng xoy

Mc ch. Tch cn b malt, cn hoa, cn th ra khi dch ng trnh cho bia khi b c. - Thit b: lm trong dch ng c th s dng cc thit b: thng thp h, thng kn lc ly tm, my lc tm, lng xoy. y em chn thit b lng xoy lc dch ng. 27 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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Thit b lng xoy c cu to n gin, vn hnh d dng, da vo lc ly tm v trng lc nn c th t hiu qu cao trong vic phn ly ba hoa v cn lng khc ra khi dch ng. trnh nhim tp khi lng xoy th ng hi thng lng xoy thit k c ng knh bng khong 1/10 ng knh thng dng hi bc ln mnh ngn nga s tp nhim. tng hiu qu phn ly th ng ng a dch ng vo lng xoy phi thit k thu nh tng vn tc dng chy trc khi vo tip tuyn vi thnh thng vi tr cch y 1/3 chiu cao thng nhm tn dng hiu qu lc ly tm. ng ng cp dch cng nn thit k on cong ln nhm tch bt mt phn cn ca dch v n nh dng dch. Dch trong c tho ra bng c ng ng tip tuyn cch 1 khong v c pha y nhm trnh ko theo b. B hoa c tho ra y thng bng vic nc vo thng, tho b d dng thit k y thng hI nghing so vi mt phng nm ngang chng 3-50. Tin hnh: Dch ng bm vo thng theo tip tuyn vi thn thng to dng xoy dn cn lng vo y thng v hng y thit b. Nguyn tc tch cn l da vo sc ht ca lc hng tm, thi gian lng khong 30 pht. Mt khc qu trnh lng xoy cng l qu trnh lm lnh nhanh s b dch ng t 1000C xung 850C trong thi gian ngn. Kt thc qu trnh lng, dch ng c a i lm lnh nhanh.
2.7. Qu trnh lm lnh nhanh

Mc ch Qu trnh lm lnh nhanh l a nhit dch ng v nhit thch hp cho qu trnh ln men bia theo yu cu k thut, lm lnh nhanh trnh cc vi sinh vt trong mi trng nhim vo dch ng ln men. Mt khc to iu kin cho vic kt lng cc hp cht hu c km chu nhit v to iu kin cho vic bo ho oxy cn thit cho qu trnh ln men. - Chn thit b: My lnh nhanh tm bn c cu to l nhng tm bn gp sng, ch to t thp khng g. Cc tm bn c hnh ch nht, c bn tai bn gc. Trn mi tai c 28 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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thng mt l trn. Vi cu to ca tng bn nh vy, khi lp chng ln khung my th s to thnh bn mng dn: dch ng vo my, dch ng ra khi my, tc nhn lnh vo my, tc nhn lnh ra khi my. Thng thng th dch ng nng c bm vo mt trong hai mng dn pha trn, cn lc i ra khi my th theo mng dn di ngc pha. Tc nhn lnh i vo mng dn kia pha trn, ngc chiu vi dch ng v i ra mng dn pha di. My lnh nhanh tm bn c th l mt cp cng c th l hai cp. Tin hnh Phn lm lnh s b dng nc lm lnh gim nhit dch ng t (65 - 73)0C xung cn (25 - 30)0C (nc lm lnh y l 20C). Phn lm lnh th 2 lnh nhanh dng dung dch glycol lm cht ti lnh, h nhit t (25 - 30)0C xung cn (15 - 16)0C. Nhit dch ng sau khi qua thit b lm lnh nhanh t n nhit ti u cho nm men pht trin ri trn vi men ging (t l men ging l 10% tng lng dch ln men) ri bm vo tank ln men. Trc khi bm vo tank ln men ngi ta bo ho dch ng bng oxy kh trng.
2.8. Qu trnh ln men

- Chn chng nm men. y thc hin qu trnh ln men chuyn ha dch ng hoa hublon ha thnh bia vng em chn chng nm men chm sacharomyces carlbergensis. c im: nm men sacharomyces carbergensis, t bo nm men hnh cu hay hnh bu dc, kch thc trung bnh 3- 15 micromet, sn sinh ch yu bng phng thc ny chi, c kh nng ln men nhit thp nn gim c s nhim tp v to c bia c cht lng cao bn sinh hc, n c kh nng ln men cc loi ng glucose, fructose, maltose v c bit do nm men c kh nng tng hp c enzym melibiase nn ln men c hon ton ng rafinose, vo cui qu trnh ln men n kt lng di y do tnh cht to chm ca t bo, thun li cho vic tch men sau qu trnh ln men quay vng ti s dng nm men. 29 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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Ngun men ging: Nm men cp cho qu trnh ln men c th ly t chng gc tri qua 2 giai on nhn men trong phng th nghim v nhn men sn xut. Trong giai on nhn men trong phng th nghim chng nm men gc c bo qun dng ng kh hay bo qun lnh trong cc ng thch nghing c cy chuyn ra bnh tam gic 100ml, ri sang bnh 1000ml, bnh 5l, bnh 20l trn mI trng nc chit malt c b sung cc cht dinh dng ch yu l d0ng mui khong. Mi cp cy chuyn mi trng trong thi gian 24h 22 250C, nu nui lc th thi gian c th ngn hn. Sang giai on nhn ging sn xut nm men c nui trong cc canh trng c dung tch tng dn 100l, 300l cho n khi lng cp cho ln men. Trong giai on nhn ging sn xut mi trng dinh dng nui cy nm men thng dng trc tip dch ng sau lnh nhanh t phn xng nu c b sung thm cc cht dinh dng, nhit nhn ging l 16 200C, trong qu trnh nui c sc kh thi gian u nm men pht trin sinh khi mnh. Mt dch men ging sau nhn ging phi t khong 100 120 triu t bo/ ml. Ngoi ra c th ti s dng sa men kt lng sau ln men. Sau khi ln men chnh, ngi ta tin hnh tho sa men. Thng thng c 1000 l dch ng cho khong 20l dch sinh khi nm men st, m 85 88%. Dch ny c chia thnh 3 lp: Lp di cng l lp cn bn, lp trn cng l lp t bo cht thng dng lm thc n gia sc, ch c lp gia c mu trng ng l nm men sch, c th ti s dng. S ln ti s dng men sa khong 6 8 ln, ty thuc cht lng nm men. ti s dng nm men kt lng cn ra, bo qun, hot ha men. Ra men: dch b men thu c sau ln men chnh c lc v ra nhiu ln bng nc v trng 1-20C loi b cn bn v xc nm men cho n khi t yu cu. Sa men sch c kim tra xc nh cht lng, hot lc sau bo qun trong nc lnh nhit 0 20C. Hot ha: trc khi s dng nm men pht trim tt cn phi tin hnh hot ba ging bng cch sau:men sa bng 4:1 sc khng kh v trng vo dch ng thi 30 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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thi tng dn nhit ti gn nhit ln men. Khi c nhiu t bo pht trin v cn t 0,3% th kt thc qu trnh hot ha. - Chn phng thc ln men: Bia chai c nng dch ng trc ln men l 120Bx y em chn phng thc ln men gin on theo m, phng php ln men gia tc trong cc thit b ln men kn thn tr y cn, s dng chng nm men thuc loi sacharomyces carbergensis chu k ln men l 18 ngy. giai on ln men chnh dch ln men c duy tr nhit 80C trong thi gian 6 ngy, sau ln men chnh bia non c lm lnh xung 40C nm men d dng kt lng v c tho ra ngoi. Cui cng h nhit dch ln men xung 20C v tin hnh ln men ph v tng tr lo ha bia non thnh bia tiu chun ng thi bo ha C02 cho bia. - Chn thit b: Tank ln men: Dch ng c a vo thit b theo ng ng np dch di y tank. Sau khi ln men, bia to thnh cng ly ra theo ng ng . Trong qu trnh ln men kh chnh l CO2, nhng nu lng CO2 to ra nhiu s c x ra nh van iu p. Trong qu trnh ln men vic gi nhit v h nhit c thc hin nh h thng o lnh. Cn v men lng trong thit b c tho ra y. 2.8.1. Ln men chnh Mc ch: Qu trnh ln men chnh l bin ng thnh ru etylic, CO2 v mt s sn phm ph khc to thnh bia theo ng yu cu k thut v cht lng sn phm. Tin hnh: Qu trnh ln men chnh c din ra trong 5 - 7 ngy iu kin nhit 140C. Trong 3 ngy u (khng tnh ngy chuyn dch ng sang) lng ng gim nhanh, tc ln men trung bnh gim (1,5 - 2)0Bx mt ngy. Nhit do phi thng xuyn kim tra v khng ch nhit 140C. Sau tc ln men gim dn n ng cn (2 - 3)% ta h nhit chuyn sang ln men ph.
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Men ging c a vo yu cu phi l nm men thun khit, khng ln t bo l. Truyn men ging vo nc nha l cho ging men vo ng cho men cng chy vo thng ln men, cho t bo nm men phn b u trong ton b khi dch ng ban u to iu kin cho men sinh trng v pht trin. Mt iu kin cn lu l trong qu trnh ln men nhit ca dch ng tng ln do phi thng xuyn lm lnh thng ln men. Nu nhit tng s gy nh hng xu n cht lng bia v vy phi khng ch nhit trong mt thi hn nht nh. Trong qu trnh ln men ngi ta thng xuyn kim tra ng, mu, s to bt, khi ln men chnh c mt ngy th tin hnh thu hi CO2, khi ln men c 24h th kim tra ng. kim tra xem qu trnh ln men kt thc hay cha ngi ta s dng phng php: - Quan st bt: khi qu trnh ln men chnh kt thc th trn b mt bia c mt lp bt u. - Nng cht ho tan: nu sau 1 ngy nng cht ho tan trong bia gim (0,1 0,2)% th qu trnh kt thc - trong : nu sau 24h bia trong hon ton th qu trnh ln men chnh kt thc. Ln men chnh kt thc ta h nhit xung 40C trong 24h ri h nhit xung 20C ln men ph v tch men sa ra. 2.8.2 Ln men ph v tng tr Mc ch: L qu trnh ln men tip cc loi ng cao phn t ch yu l maltoza, dextrin, ngoi ra n c tc dng sau: + n nh thnh phn cht lng ca bia, to ra hng v bia v gi bt. + Kh ru bc cao v aldehyt n mc cho php. + Mt s este c trng c to thnh do axit tc dng vi ru lm cho bia thm.
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+ Nhit v p sut tng i cao lm cho bt bia c to ra dng lin kt bn vng hn, lu tan v mn. + Do tin hnh nhit thp, thi gian ko di dn n cc cht hu c, xc men, b men lng xung lm cho bia trong, thun tin cho qu trnh lc bia. Tin hnh Qu trnh ln men ph c thc hin ngay trong cng mt thit b ln men chnh. Sau khi kt thc qu trnh ln men chnh tin hnh h nhit v thu hi nm men. Sau thu hi nm men tin hnh h nhit xung 1 20C v qu trnh ln men ph bt u. Ton b qu trnh ln men ph c tin hnh khong 12 ngy, mi ngy u x cn men do cn trong dch bia non lng xung. Vi iu kin nhit thp, nng cht ho tan nh m bo cho CO2 ho tan tt trong bia. Trong ton b qu trnh lng cht ho tan gim (2 - 2,5)Bx.
2.9. Qu trnh lc trong bia

Mc ch Trong qu trnh ln men ph v tng tr, bia c lm trong mt cch t nhin nhng cha t n mc cn thit. Nguyn nhn l trong bia cn c nm men, cc ht phn tn c hc, cc ht dng keo, phc cht protein polyphenol, nha ng v nhiu ht ly ty khc. V vy lm trong bia tng gi tr cm quan, n nh thnh phn c hc, lm tng bn sinh hc v bn keo ca bia. Nguyn tc lc trong bia c xy dng trn hai qu trnh: - Gi cht bng lc c hc tt c cc ht c kch thc ln hn kch thc l hng ca vt liu. - Hp ph cc ht c kch thc b hn, thm ch cc ht ho tan dng keo v cc ht ho tan dng phn t. Hiu qu ca qu trnh hp ph ph thuc trc ht vo bn cht ca cht hp ph v cht b hp ph, sau l thi im ca qu trnh lc. - Chn my lc: Da vo u im ca my lc cng vi thc t sn xut th vic la chn my lc khung bn c s dng bt tr lc (diatomit) l hp l hn c. 33 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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+ Thit b lc: My lc bia dng bt tr lc diatomit l my lc bn, c tm lc l vi lc cng nghip. B phn chnh ca my lc p l cc khung v bn, ch to bng gang hoc cc kim loi khc. Khung l mt hnh hp vung, rng, pha trn m khung c mt l trn, pha trong c n c mt hoc hai vch lin thng vi khong khng trong khung. Cc l trn, hng ca khung s to thnh mt mng kn khi cc khung v bn c xp kht vo nhau. Mng kn ny ng vai tr nh mt ng ng, v ni ta s dng ng ng ny bm dch vo my lc. Dch theo cc vch lin thng s trn vo khong khng ca khung. Nh c che kn bng bng hai bn hai bn cho nn khong khng ny tr thnh mt camera cha dch. Bn ca my lc cng c kch thc tng ng nh khung nhng b dy b hn, pha trong lng ca bn khng rng nh khung m c, trn c kha rnh to mng chy cho dch. hai nh ca mt ng cho c hai l trn. Cc l trn ca bn c s th t l l c lin thng vi b mt ca bn, cn bn c s th t chn th cc l trn khng c vch lin thng. Khi cc bn c lp kht vi khung, cc l trn ny s to thnh hai ng ng kn gi l ng ng cnh trn v dng ng cnh di. Hai ng ng cnh ny dng bm nc ra vo my lc. Pha gc di ca ng cho kia c gn rbin tho dch ng. Cc rnh trn hai mt ca bn c th c b tr rt khc nhau nhng cc dng chy ny phi c tp trung v pha gc v c vch lin thng vi rbin dn dch. Ton b khung v bn c xp lin tc v xen k ln gin my nh c hai tai treo hai cnh bn. Gin my gm hai vai dc, tht th v tht ui. Tht th c lp c nh, cn tht ui c th chuyn ng tnh tin: tin li dc theo hai vai ca my nh vitme trung tm, qua b phn tay quay hoc bm thu lc. Pha di gm my c hai mng: mt hng dch lc v mt hng b. Dc theo mng hng b c vt ti y b ra ngoi. Khi tin hnh lc b, tt c cc bn c bc kn hai mt bng vi lc. 34 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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Tin hnh lc Trc khi lc phi tin hnh v sinh my lc v chun b bng cch: giy lc c git sch bng nc l v luc bng nc si, sy kh, lp vo my p cht, lc ny cho nc 950C chy trong 1 gi th kn v kh trng, sau cho nc lnh v trung lm gim nhit ca my lc xung. Khi lc th ho trn bia v bt diatomit vo thng ho trn v c khuy thnh huyn ph, sau bm quay vng vo my lc nhiu ln to mng trn li lc. Sau khi to c mng ri th bt u tin hnh lc.
2.10. Bo ho CO2.
Trong qu trnh ln men mt lng ln CO2 thot ra nhng vn cn nhiu CO2 ho tan trong bia. Qu trnh lc, CO2 thot i nhiu, bia thnh phm c lng CO2 theo yu cu cn thit th phi np thm CO2 vo bia. Sau khi lc xong nhit bia ln n 7 80C, cho nn thng np CO2 phi c h thng nc mui bao quanh nhm h nhit bia non xung 1 20C. Bia c bm vo theo ng ng t di ln trnh si bt, chim 80% th tch thng. Khi bm xong, ng cc van li, m van np CO2 vo thng. CO2 trc khi a vo thng c x ly qua bnh cha KMnO4 0,1%, bnh cha bng v than hot tnh, p sut np CO2 l 4 5kG/cm3. Thi gian tng p lc l 15 30 pht, gi p sut ny trong khong 12 gi. lng CO2 ho tan ti a tin hnh np 2 3 ln, sau khi np lng CO2 t 3,5 g/l.
2.11. Chit chai.

- Phng php chit chai: theo nguyn tc ng p Chai c s dng l chai loi 450 ml c mu xanh trnh s tc ng ca nh sng lm gim cht lng ca bia. Qu trnh chit chai c thc hin nh mt h thng dy chuyn lin hon do c sn sut c cng sut 20000 chai/h. Trong dy chuyn u tin l h thng ra chai v ra keg. My ra chai dng nc nng, axit, xt, v nc thng. Chai sau khi ra p ng y tiu chun v sinh c vn chuyn trn bng ti, qua mt h thng soi chai c kim tra, ti my chit v dp nt. 35 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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My chit hot ng theo nguyn tc chit ng p. Trc khi chit chai c np CO2 ui ht khng kh, trnh gy oxy ho cho bia. Sau khi chit v dp nt, chai c chuyn ti my thanh trng.
2.12. Thanh trng, dn nhn.

- Thanh trng: Chai bia sau khi chit c thanh trng vi nhit , thi gian cn thit tiu dit ton b vi sinh vt, nm mc, gip cho qu trnh bo qun c lu di. + Chu k hot ng 60 pht,thi gian gia nhit 27 pht, gi nhit 10, h nhit 23 pht. Hm thanh trng c 8 khoang, mi khoang phun nc 1 nhit khc nhau + Gia nhit 4 190 bng nc 280C. + Gia nhit 19 330 bng nc 420C + Gia nhit 33 470 bng nc 480C. + Gia nhit 47 640 bng nc 640C. + Gi nhit 640 bng nc 680C. + H nhit 64 590 bng nc 620C + H nhit 59 490 bng nc 400C. + Gia nhit 49 360 bng nc 320C. - Dn nhn Bia sau khi thanh trng xong c a sang thit b dn nhn, in ngy sn sut ri c a ti my gp kt v my bc chuyn vo kho bo qun hoc xut ra th trng.
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Phn III Lp k hoch sn xut v tnh cn bng sn phm

3.1. Lp k hoch sn xut
Gi thit 1 nm nh my sn xut 300 ngy, nhng ngy cn li l thi gian ngh sa cha, bo dng thit b, my mc v v sinh nh xng ... Mi nm chia ra l 4 qu, mi qu 3 thng, mi thng sn xut 25 ngy, mi ngy sn xut 6 m. Bia sn xut quanh nm nhng sn lng bia nhiu hay t ph thuc vo thi tit trong nm: ma nng hay ma lnh. V ch sn xut 1 sn phm duy nht l bia chai.
Bng 2.1. Bng k hoch sn xut theo nng sut 45 triu lt / nm.
Qu Nng sut
I 20%
II 30%
III 30% 13500000 4500000 180000 5 36000
IV 20% 9000000 3000000 120000 5 24000
(%) Nng sut (l) 9000000 13500000 S lt / thng 3000000 4500000 S lt / ngy 120000 180000 S m / ngy 5 5 S lt / m 24000 36000 + K hoch sn xut theo cc qu nh sau: qu.
- Qu I, IV vo ma lnh, s ngy sn xut l 75 ngy/ qu: sn xut 9000000 lt mi - Qu II, III vo ma nng, s ngy sn xut l 75 ngy/ qu: sn xut 13500000 lt mi qu. + La chn phng n sn xut: - Dng 1 dy chuyn lm vic trong phn xng nu, khi nng sut 1 m l: 36000lt. Cc thit b trong phn xng nu nu th tch ln th phi chia ra lm nhiu thit b nh. - Sau 5 m nu em ln men mt ln vo thng ln men.
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- Dy chuyn sn xut c tnh ton v la chn theo da trn c s nng sut hot ng cao nht ca nh my: tnh ton thit b theo m lm vic ca ca qu II v III. 3.2. Tnh cn bng sn phm. Cc thng s. Cc ch s yu cu i vi nguyn liu chnh cho sn xut bia l: - Malt c m W = 6%, hiu sut ho tan l 80% so vi cht kh. - Go c m W = 13%, hiu sut ho tan l 85% so vi cht kh. - T l nguyn liu: malt l 75%, go l 25%. - Dch ng c nng 120Bx - 2g hoa cnh/ 1 lt bia. + Tn tht tnh theo % ca tng cng on sn xut: - Nghin: tn tht 0,5% so vi trng lng nguyn liu. - Nu go, ng ho, lc: 3% so vi cht kh. - Nu hoa: 10% so vi th tch trc nu. - Lng xoy v lm lnh nhanh: 2,5%. - Ln men chnh, ph: 5% - Lc bia: 1,5% so vi th tch bia. - Bo ho CO2: 0,5%. - Chit chai: 4% 3.2.1. Tnh ngc: Tnh cn bng sn phm cho 1000l bia chai 120BX.
-
Chit chai tn tht 4%, lng bia sau bo ha CO2 l:

1000 =1041 ,7(l ) 1 0,04
Qu trnh sc CO2 tn tht 0,5%, lng bia sau lc l:_

1041 ,7 =1046 ,9(l ) 1 0,005
L c bia tn tht 1,5 %, lng bia sau khi ln men l:
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1046 ,9 =1062 ,8(l ) 1 0,015
Ln men chnh, ph tn tht 5% lng dch ng a i ln men l:

1062 ,8 =1118 ,8(l ) 1 0,05
Lng xoy v lm lnh nhanh tn tht 2,5%, lng dch ng sau nu hoa:
1118 ,8 =1147 ,5(l ) 1 0,025
Nu hoa tn tht 10%,th tch dch trc nu hoa l:

1147 ,5 =1274 ,97 (l ) 1 0,1
Ti 200C dich lnh c d = 1,048 kg/l nn khi lng dch ng sau nu: 1147,5 1,048 = 1202.6 (kg) Dch ng c nng 120Bx nn lng cht chit c trong dch ng l: 12% 1202,6 = 144,3 (kg) Nu, ng ho, lc tn tht 3%, tng lng cht chit ban u thu c t
144 ,3 =148 ,77 (kg ) 1 0,03
malt v go l:
3.2.1.1. Tnh khi lng malt & go: + Gi M l khi lng malt cn dng - Lng cht chit c trong malt l: M 0,995 0,94 0,8 = 0,748M + Lng go cn thit l:
0,25 M 0,75
- Lng cht chit c trong go:

0,25 M 0,75
0,995 0,87 0,85 = 0,245M
+ Tng lng cht chit thu c t malt & go l: 39 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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0,748M + 0,245M = 148,77 0,993M = 148,77 lng malt l: M = 149,8 (kg) lng go l:
0,25 149 ,8 = 49 ,9 (kg) 0,75
3.2.1.2. Tnh lng men.

+ Th tch len ging bng 10% th tch dch trc ln men: 0,1 1118,8 = 111,88 (l) + Th tch men sa bng 1% th tch dch trc ln men: 0,01 1118,8 = 11,188 (l)
3.2.1.3. Tnh ton cn ca bia sau ln men:

Lng cht chit 148,77, gi thit hiu sut ln men l 65% v coi ton b lng ng ln men l maltoza. M c 1 kg ng maltoza khi ln men theo l thuyt cho 0,682 lt cn, do cn ca bia sau khi ln men l: 148,77 x 0,682 x 0,65 x 100/ 1118,8 = 5,89 (v/v)
3.2.1.4. Tnh lng b malt v go:

+ Kh malt: 149,8 x 0,995 x 0,94 = 140,1 (kg) + Kh go: 49,9 x 0,995 x 0,87 = 43,2 (kg) Tng kh go + kh malt: 140,1 + 43,2 = 183,3 (kg) Ta c: tng lng cht chit t go & malt l 148,77 kg. + Lng b kh = tng kh go & malt tng chit go & malt = 183,3 148,77= 34,53 (kg) + B m thu phn 80%:
34 ,53 =172 ,65 ( kg ) 1 0,8
+ Lng nc trong b: = lng b m lng b kh = 172,65 34,53= 138,12 (kg)
3.2.1.5. Tnh lng nc nu v ra b.

+ Ni h ho: nc cho vo = 4x(bt go +malt lt(10% lng go)) 40 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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Nc cho vo l: 4 (49,9 0.995 + 0,1 49,9 0,995) = 218,46 (kg) Nc c sn trong go v 10% malt lt: 49,9 0,995 0,13 + 49,9 0,995 0,06 0,1 = 6,75 (kg) Tng lng dch h ho:= Nc cho vo + bt go + malt lt: 218,46 + (49,9 0,995 + 49,9 0,995 0,1) = 273,07 (kg) Khi lng nc bay hi 5%: (218,46 +6,75) x 0.5 = 11,26 kg. Dch cho sau un cn li c khi lng: 273,07 11,26 = 261,81 (kg). + Ni ng ho: Nc thm vo: 4 (0,995 149,8 0,1 49,9 0,995) = 576,34 (kg) Nc c sn: (0,995 149,8 0,1 49,9 0,995) 0,06 = 8,64 (kg) Tng lng dch em ng ho : = Dch h ha cn li + nc cho vo ni malt + khi lng malt cn li: 261,81 + 576,34 + (0,995 149,8 0,1 49,9 0,995) = 982,23 (kg) lng nc trong ni ng ha l:576,34 + 8,64 +(218,46 +6,75 11,26) =798,93kg Sau ng ho nc bay hi 4%: 798,93 0,04 = 31,95 (kg). Lng nc cn li sau ng ha: 798,93 31,5 = 767,43 kg. Khi lng dch cn li: 982,23 31,95 = 950,27 (kg). Lng nc trong dch sau nu hoa: 1202,6 (1-12%) = 1058,3 (kg).do lng dch ng sau un hoa l:1202,6 kg. V khi un hoa tn tht 10 %, vy lng nc trong dch trc un hoa:
1058 ,3 =1175 ,9kg 1 0,1
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Lng nc trong b:138,12 kg. Lng nc cn li sau ng ha: 767,43 kg Vnc ra b + Vnc cn li sau ng ha = Vnc trong b + Vnc trong dch trc un hoa Vnc ra b = Vnc trong b + Vnc trong dch trc un hoa Vnc cn li sau ng ha = 138,12 + 1175,9 767,43 = 546,6 (kg)
3.2.1.6. Tnh cc nguyn liu khc.

Lng ch phm enzyme Termamyl bng 0,1% nguyn liu thay th: 0,1% 49,9 1000 = 49,9 (g) Cho vo ni h ho: 49,9 0,25 = 12,475 (g) Cho vo ni ng ho: 49,9 0,75 = 37,425 (g) Lng ch phm enzyme Cereflo bng 0,06% nguyn liu thay th: 0,06% 49,9 1000 = 29,94 (g) Lng ch phm enzyme Fungamyl bng 0,08% nguyn liu thay th: 0,08% 49,9 1000 = 39,92 (g) Lng hoa houblon cn dng tnh theo t l 2g hoa cnh/lt bia : 2 1000 = 2000 (g) = 2 (kg) Dng 30% cao hoa, 70% hoa vin v lng cao hoa tng ng vi 6kg hoa cnh & 1kg hoa vin tng ng vi 1,4kg hoa cnh. * Lng cao hoa l: * Lng hoa vin l:
30% 2 = 0,1(kg). 6 70% 2 = 1(kg). 1.4
3.2.1.7. Lng bt tr lc diatomit:

Lng bt tr lc cn dng ty thuc vo cht lng bt, thit b lc v b mt lc. Thng thng c 1000 lt bia cn 0,37 kg bt tr lc nn lng bt cn dng l: 1000x 0,37/ 1000 = 0, 37 kg
3.2.1.8. Tnh cc sn phm ph.
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+ B hoa c m 85%, lng cht kh khng ha tan trong hoa cnh v hoa vin l 60%, cao hoa c lng b khng ng k nn b hoa ch yu l b hoa vin nn lng b hoa l: 1 - 0,85 = 8(kg). + Cn lng bng 1,75% nguyn liu, m 80%:
1,75 % (149 ,8 + 49 ,9) = 17 ,47 ( kg ) 1 0,8
2 x0,6
+ Sa men bng 1,53% sn phm, m 85%:

1,53 % 1000 = 102 (l ) 1 0,85
+ Lng CO2: C12H22O11 + H2 O 2C6H12O6 342g 2C6H12O6 4C2H5OH + 4CO2 176 g Th tch dch trc khi ln men l 1118,8(l), khi lng ring d = 1,048kg/l. Vy khi lng dch trc ln men l: 1118,8 1,048 = 1172,5(kg) Lng cht chit trong dch ln men 120Bx: 1172,5 0,12 = 140,7 (kg) Coi ton b lng ng trong cht chit l ng maltoza vi hiu sut ln men l 55%, khi lng CO2 thu c l:
140 ,7 0,55 176 = 39 ,8(kg ) 342
CO2 ho tan vo bia non 2,5g/l nn khi lng CO2 ho tan l: 2,5 1062,8 = 2,39 (kg). Khi lng CO2 thot ra thu hi c 70% khi lng CO2 thot ra: 70% (39,8 2,39) = 26,18 (kg) Khi lng ring ca CO2 200C l 1,832 kg/m, th tch CO2 thu hi c l: 43 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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26 ,18 =14 ,29 ( m 3 ) 1,832
bo ho CO2 trong bia l 4,5g/l bia non nn lng CO2 cn b sung l: 1046,9 (4,5 2) = 2,62 (kg) Th tch CO2 b sung l:
2,62 =1,43 ( m 3 ) 1,832
n tt nghip
n tt nghip Hng mc Malt Go Termamyl Cereflo Fungamyl Cao hoa Hoa vin Men ging Sa men Dch nng Dch lnh Bia non Bia lc Bia bo ho B m B hoa Cn lng Sa men CO2 thu hi CO2 b sung Nc cho vo h ha Nc cho vongho n v kg kg g g g kg kg l l l l l l l kg kg kg l m3 m3 l l
Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm 1000l bia 149,8 49,9 49,9 29,94 39,92 0, 1 1 111,88 11,188 1147,5 1118,8 1062,8 1046,9 1041,7 172,65 8 17,47 102 14,29 1,43 218,46 576,34 1 m 5392.8 1796.4 1796.4 1077.84 1437.12 3.6 36 4027.68 402.768 41310 40276.8 36964.8 37688.4 37501.2 6215,4 288 628.92 3672 514.44 51.48 7864.56 20748,24 1 ngy 26964 8982 8982 5389.2 7185.6 18 180 20138.4 20138.4 206550 201384 191304 188442 187506 31077 1440 2795.2 18360 2572.2 257.4 39322.8 103741.2 1 nm 8089200 2694600 2694600 1616760 2155680 5400 54000 6041520 6041520 61965000 60415200 57391200 56532600 56251800 9323100 432000 838560 5508000 771660 77220 11796840 31122360
Ncra b
546,6
16398
98388
29516400
Bng 2.2. Bng tm tt cn bng sn phm cho 1000 lt bia chai.
3.2. Tnh v chn thit b

3.2.1 Phn xng nu. 3.2.1.1. Thit b phn xng nghin. Nguyn liu c cn ring r tng loi, mi my nghin dng mt cn. + Cn go: - Lng go ln nht trong 1 m l: 1796,4kg. - Lng go ln nht trong 1 ngy l: 8982kg. + Cn malt: 46 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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- Lng malt ln nht nht trong 1 m l: 5392,8kg. - Lng malt ln nht trong 1 ngy l: 26964 kg. Chn cn. - Chn cn in t ch th s digital. - Chn cn cho ton b dy chuyn nng sut ca cn m ln nht 5000.5 kg. - Cc thit b cm bin ca cn, h thng khuych i tn hiu c tnh ton m bo chng nhiu cn hot ng chnh xc. Chn my nghin. - My nghin malt. + Lng malt ti a cho 1 m l: 5392,8kg. Thi gian lm vic ca my l 4h/ ca, ngy lm vic 3 ca, ngy nghin 6 m, thi gian nghin mi m l 3h, h s s dng my l: 0,75. Vy lng malt nghin trong 1 h l: 5392,8/ ( 3x 0,75) = 1997,3 kg/h =>Vy ta chn: - Loi my nghin 2 cp trc, nng sut 3000 kg/h. - Kch thc trc nghin: ng knh 250mm, di 600 mm. - khong cch gia 2 trc: 1,25 mm - C mt phu cha malt cha nghin. - Vt liu ch to: thp CT3 dy 3mm. - Cng sut ng c 11 kw. - S lng: chn 1 my nghin. - My nghin go. Tng t: ta c lng go nghin trong 1 h l: 1796.4 / ( 3 x 0,75) = 798,4 kg/h Loi my nghin ba, cng sut 1000 kg/h.Kch thc bung nghin: ng knh 500mm, rng 200 mm. - C mt phu cha go cha nghin, c h thng tch lng bi. 47 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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- Vt liu ch to: thp khng r dy 3mm. - Cng sut ng c 6 kw. 3.2.1.2. Tnh ton v chn thit b h ho.
Tnh kch thc ni: + Chn thit b h ho: Chn thit b h ho l thit b thn tr, y chm cu v np hnh nn c cc kch thc nh sau - ng knh D. - Chiu cao tr H = 1,4D. - chiu cao y h1=0,2D - chiu cao np h2= 0,15D. - S lng: 2 thit b. + Tnh ton: - Lng nguyn liu a vo ni nu go, gm c bt v malt lt bng 10% lng bt go l: 1796.4 0,995 + 10% 1796.4 0,995 =1966.2 (kg) - Lng nc a vo ni h ho 7864.56 lt, vy tng khi lng dch h ho l: 7864.56 + 1966.2 = 9830.7(kg) - Khi lng ring ca dch l 1,08 tn/ m3, vy th tch dch nu l:
n tt nghip
Vd =

9,8307 = 9,1( m 3 ) 1,08
- H s cha y ca ni l 0,75, dng 1 ni, vy th tch ca 1 ni l: V= - Vy th tch ni l:

D 2 D 2 H +( h1 + h13 ) = 12,1 Vt = 4 8 6
V d 9.1 = = 12,1m3 0.7 5 0.7 5
Vt =
D 2
4
H+
D 2
8
0,2 D +
(0,2 D ) 3 = 12,1
Vt= 1,18D3 = 12,1 ( m3) D=

3
12,1 1,18
= 2,17(m)
- Chn ng knh ni l D = 2200mm. Lp v o hi dy 100mm ng knh ngoi: Dn = 2200 + 2 x 100 = 2400mm Chiu cao tr: H = 2200 x 1,4 = 3080mm. Chiu cao y: h1 = 2200 x 0,2 = 440mm. Chiu cao np: h2 = 2200 x 0,15= 330mm. Chn cnh khuy cong c dng hnh m neo. d =0,8D = 2200 x0,8 = 1760 mm. Tnh din tch truyn nhit. Ly din tch b mt truyn nhit: 0,5 m2/ m3 dch, th tch dch trong 1 ni h ha l: 4,55 m3 , vy tng din tch b mt truyn nhit tnh cho 1 ni l: F = 0,5 x 4,55 = 2,275 m2 c tnh k thut ca ni h ho: - Ni thn tr, y chm cu v np hnh nn c ch to bng vt liu thp khng r.ng knh ni 2200mm, chiu cao phn thn trn 3080mm, tc khuy 32v/pht
3.2.1.3. Tnh ton v chn thit b ng ho
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Tnh kch thc ni. + Chn thit b ng ho: Chn thit b ng ha c 2 v, thn hnh tr, y hnh chm cu v np hnh nn c cc kch thc nh sau - ng knh D. - Chiu cao tr H = 1,4D. - Chiu cao y h1 =0,2 D - Chiu cao np h2= 0,15D. - S lng: 2 thit b. + Tnh kch thc ni - Tng lng dch em ng ho 1 m nu l: 982,23 x36 = 35360,28 kg. - Khi lng ring d = 1,08 tn/ m3 nn th tch ca dch ng ho l:
Vd = 35,36028 1,08 = 32 ,741 ( m 3 )
- H s s dng ni l = 0,75 vy th tch thc ca 1 ni l: Vt =

32 ,741 2 0,75
= 21,82 m3
- Vy th tch ni l: Vt = Vt =
D 2 D 2 H +( h1 + h13 ) = 21.82 4 8 6
D 2
4
H+
D 2
8
0,2 D +
(0,2 D) 3 = 21.82
Vt= 1,18D3 = 21.82( m3) D=

3
2 ,8 1 2 1,2 2 7
= 2,64(m)
- Chn ng knh ni l D = 2700mm. Lp v o hi dy 100mm ng knh ngoi: Dn = 2700 + 2 Chiu cao tr: H = 2700
100 = 2900mm
1,4 = 3780mm Chiu cao y: h1 = 2700 0,2= 540mm.

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Chiu cao np: h2 = 2700 knh cnh khuy l: d = 0,8D =2160 mm. - Tnh din tch truyn nhit.
0,15 = 405 mm
Chn cnh khuy cong c dng hnh m neo. Tra s tay ho cng 1 c ng
Ly din tch b mt truyn nhit: 0,5 m2/ m3 dch, th tch dch trong 1 ng ha l: 16,2 m3 , vy din tch b mt truyn nhit l: F = 0,5 x 16,2 = 8,18 m2. c tnh k thut ca mi ni ng ho: - Thit b ng ha l thit b gia nhit loi hai v thn tr, y chm cu v np hnh nn c lm bng vt liu thp khng r. - ng knh ni 2700mm, chiu cao phn thn tr 3780mm, ng knh cnh khuy 2160 mm, tc khuy 32 v/ pht. 2.2.1.4. Tnh v chn thit b lc dch ng + Chn thng lc y bng. Thn hnh tr, lm bng thp khng g, c cc thng s k thut sau: - Khong cch t y tht n y gi l 20 cm. - H s y thn tr l 0,85. - ng knh D. - Chiu cao nh h = 0,15D. - To gc nghing y gi l 1,50 - S lng: 2 thit b. + Tnh ton
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Hnh 2.3: Thit b lc y bng
- Khi lng b malt v go sau 1 m nu l: 6215,4kg = 6,2154tn, khi lng ring ca b: 0,75 tn/ m3. Suy ra th tch b:
6,2154 0,75
= 8,28 m3
Chn chiu cao lp b l 0,6 ( v chiu cao thch hp l 0,4 0,6). - Din tch y lc mi thit b: 2 0,6 = 6,9 m2 ng knh mi thng lc l: D =
6,9 4
8,28
= 2,9m , chn D = 2,9 m, ng knh
ngoi: 3,1 m, chiu cao np: 0,15 D = 0,44m. - Khi lng dch cn li sau ng ha l:
950 ,27 360000 1000
= 34,2tn. Khi lng
ring dch ng sau ng ha l: 1,06 tn/ m3. - Th tch dch trong 1 thng l: Chiu cao dch: hd =
34 ,2 2 ,0 1 6
= 16,1 m3
1 ,1 6 Vd = 7,67 = 2,1m3. Th tch s dng ca thng 85%, chiu s
cao thn tr ca thng: Ht=
hd = 2,47m. y gi cch y tht 2 cm, chiu cao 0,85
phn hnh tr thng: H = 2,47 + 0,02 =2,49 m, Vy th tch thc ca mi thng l: Vt =

D 2 H
4
= 16,3 m3
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3.2.1.5. Tnh v chn thit b nu hoa.

Tnh kch thc ni.
+ Chn thit b nu hoa: Chn thit b nu hoa c thn hnh tr, y chm cu v np hnh nn c cc kch thc nh sau - ng knh D. - Chiu cao tr H = 1,4D. - chiu cao y h1 =0,2 D - chiu cao np h2= 0,15D. - S lng: 2 thit b. + Tnh kch thc mt th tch ln, chn h s y l 0,70. - Lng dch ng trc khi a vo nu hoa l 1274,97 l tnh cho 1000 l bia thnh phm Vy 1 m s l: V = 1274,97 36 = 45898,8(l) =46 (m3) Vy tnh cho 1 thit b th: Vt =
46 2 0,7
- H s y ca ni phi thp v dch khi si nhit cao s tro ln chim
Hnh 2.4: Thit b nu hoa
= 32,8m3
- Vy th tch ni l: Vt = Vt =
D 2
4 H+
D 2 D 2 H +( h1 + h13 ) = 32,8m3 4 8 6
D 2
8
0,2 D +
(0,2 D) 3 = 32,8m3
Vt= 1,18D3 = 32,8m3 ( m3) D=

3
3 ,8 2 1,1 8
= 3,03(m3)
Chn ng knh ni l D = 3100mm. Lp v o hi dy 100mm 53 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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ng knh ngoi: Dn = 3100 + 2 x 100 = 3300mm Chiu cao tr: H = 3100 x 1,4 = 4340mm Chiu cao y: h1 = 3100 x 0,2 = 620mm. Chiu cao np: h2 = 3100 x 0,15 = 465mm. Tnh din tch truyn nhit. Ly din tch b mt truyn nhit: 0,5 m2/ m3 dch, th tch dch trong 1 ni nu hoa l: 23 m3 , vy din tch b mt truyn nhit l: F = 0,5 x 23 = 11.5 m2. c tnh k thut ca ni nu hoa: - Thit b nu l loi thit b hnh tr, gia nhit kiu ng chm, dung tch 32,8m3, chiu cao 4340mm, ng knh tr 3100mm lm bng thp khng r. 3.2.1.6. Tnh v chn thng lng xoy. Tnh kch thc thng. - Lng dch sau un hoa cho mi m l: 1202,6 x 36= 43293,6(kg).khi lng ring ca dch l: 1.08 kg/lt => Vd =43293,6/ 1.08 = 40086.6 (l) = 41 (m3) - S dng thng lng xoy lng cn v lm lnh nhanh s b vi h s y 0,75. - Chn 2 thng. - Th tch thc ca 1 thng l: Vt =
41 2 0,75
= 27,3 m3
- Thng lng xoy y bng khi lp t phi nghing (8-10%) dch c tho ra ht, cc thng s k thut ca ni: ng knh D, y bng hi nghing 3 - 50 Chiu cao tr H = D. Np hnh nn, chiu cao np h2 = 0,15 D 54 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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- Th tch thng tnh theo cng thc: Vt =

D 2
4 H = 27,3 m3
Vt= 0,785D3 = 27,3 m3 ( m3) D=

3
27 ,3 0,785
= 3,2(m3)
Vy ng knh ni lng xoy D = 3,2 m, Chiu cao tr H = 1 x 3,2 = 3,2 m. Chiu cao np h2 = 0,15 x 3,2 = 0,48m. c tnh k thut ca thit b.
- Thit b ny rt n gin ch l mt thit b hnh tr c dung tch 27,3 m3,

ng knh 3200mm, chiu cao 3200mm. 3.2.1.7. Thit b lm lnh nhanh. c tnh k thut ca thit b. - My trao i nhit tm bn 1 cp lm bng thp khng r, c kt cu khung vi c cu p bc thp khng r, tm bn bng thp khng r dy 0,1mm, giong bng cao su, cc bch ni bng thp khng r. - C b iu chnh lu lng nc tan m bo nhit ra lun n nh theo yu cu. - My c th h nhit ca dch ng nng t 960C xung 80C bng cch trao i nhit vi nc tan t 20 ln 800C vi cng sut 200hl/h. - C ch th o nhit dch n h thng ln men. Tnh din tch truyn nhit. - Cng thc tnh din tch b mt truyn nhit l:
F= Q (m 2 ) kt tb
+ Q: tng lng nhit dng nng nhit dch cho ln cc im dng nhit .
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+ K: h s truyn nhit t hi n dch, kcal/m2.h.. + tb: hiu s nhit trung bnh.

Q= Qm + Qtt (kcal / h) T
T : thi gian Qm : lng nhit cn cung cp cho dch cho trong giai on nht nh. Qtt = 5% Qm : lng nhit tn tht ra mi trng xung quanh. Tnh Q: - Q c xc nh bi chu k ti nhit ln nht, l chu k gim nhit khi dch t 960C xung 80C trong 120 pht. Q=mC t + m : khi lng dch ng sau lng xoy ca 1 m, coi qu trnh bay hi khng ng k,
= 1,08 kg/ lt
m =1118,8 1,08 x 36= 43498,9 kg C = 0,95 (kcal/m2.h.)
+ C: nhit dung ring ca khi dch, kcal/kg0C. Tra s tay ho cng I c: Qm = 43498,9 0,95 (96 -8) = 3636511.7 (kcal) - Nhit tn tht: Qtt = 5% Qm = 0,05 3636511.7 = 181825.5 (kcal) Vy lng nhit cn cung cp l:
Q = Qm + Qtt 3636511.7 + 181825.5 = = 1909168 ,6(kcal / h) 120 T 60
Tnh K: - Cng thc tnh h s trun nhit k

k= 1 1 1 + r1 + + r2 + 1 2
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+ 1: h s cp nhit t hi nc nng vo v thit b.
1 = 6000 kcal/m2.h.
+ 2: h s cp nhit ca dch
2 = 2000
p
\ p: p p sut ca hi nc
m bo vn hnh sn xut cn p sut hi p = 2at
2 = 2000
= 2828,4( (kcal/m2.h.)
+ = 5mm = 0,005m: b dy ca v thit b. + : h s dn nhit ca v thit b, v thit b lm bng thp khng r nn: = 300 kcal/m2.h. + r , r : h s dn nhit trung bnh ca cn bn bm vo 2 pha v thit b. 1 2
r1 =
r2 =
k=
1 i vi hi nc 5000
1 i vi cht hu c, dung dch mui 5000
1 1 1 0,005 1 1 + + + + 6000 5000 300 5000 2828 ,42
k = 1067 ,363 (kcal/m 2 .h.do )
Tnh t: Thc cht hnh thc trao i nhit y l hnh thc trao i nhit kiu gin tip. Cng thc tnh:
t tb = t1 t 2 t ln 1 t 21
96
80
- t1: hiu s ln nhit gia hi lnh v khi dch. t1 = 96 2 = 94(C) - t2: hiu s gia nhit gia nc v khi dch. t2 = 80 8 = 72 (C) Vy ta c:
n tt nghip
t tb = 94 72 = 81 C 94 ln 72
Tnh F: - Din tch b mt truyn nhit:

F = Q 1909168 ,6 = = 22 ,1( m 2 ) kt tb 1067 ,363 81
- Chn din tch mi tm truyn nhit l 0,6 - S tm l :

2 .1 2 0,4 8
0,8 (m2)
= 47 tm
3.2.1.8. Thit b un nc nng. Tnh kch thc ni. Nc nng trong qu trnh nu bao gm: - Nc v sinh: nc ra thit b. Khong 8% thit b ln nht - Nc cng nghip: nc dng nu v ra b. + Tnh nc v sinh: - Ni ln nht l ni nu hoa. Th tch nc cn v sinh khong: 0,08 x 2( Vni nu hoa) = 0,08 x 2x32,8= 5,24m3 + Tnh nc cho dy chuyn nu: Lng nc dng cho ra b l: N1 = 546,6 x 36 = 19677,6 (l). =19,7 m3 - Lng nc dng nu v ng ho: N2 = 7864.56+ 20748,24= 28612,8 (l) Vy lng nc dng cho cng nghip l: Ncn = N1 + N2 = 19,7 + 28,61= 48,31(m3) Vy tng lng nc cn dng l: N = 5,24 + 48,31 = 53,55(m3) + Chn thit b. - Thit b c chn dng thn tr,y bng, np hnh chm cu c cc thng s k thut: 58 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
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- S lng l: 2 thit b ng knh D, chiu cao tr H = 1,5D. Chiu cao np: h = 0,1D. H s y ca thng: 0,85. Vy th tch thc ca 1 thng l: Vt =
53,55 2 0,85
= 31,5 m3
- Ta c cng thc: Vt = D=
D 2
4
3
H = 31,5
3 ,5 1 1,1 8 7
= 2,99(m)
Vy ng knh thng D = 3 m. Chiu cao tr: H = 4,5 m; chiu cao np h = 0,3 m. 3.2.1.9. Tnh v chn h thng CIP cho nh nu bia. H thng CIP cho nh nu bia c 3 thng gm: - 1 thng cha NaOH 2%. - 1 thng cha axit HNO3 0,1%. - 1 thng cha nc. Mi m nu xong thng c v sinh vi th tch cht lng bng 8% th tch thng nu (v lng CIP ra bng 5 8% th tch thng nu). C 5 m trong 1 ngy, tuy nhin ch tnh cho mt m nu. V ni nu hoa ln nht nn tnh th tch mi thng CIP theo th tch ni nu hoa. Th tch 1 ni nu hoa: V = 32,8 m3. 1 m nu s dng 2 ni nu hoa H s s dng ca thng CIP l 0,8, vy th tch ca mi thng CIP l: Vt = Chn cu to thng: - ng knh D. 59 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
32 ,8 2 0,08 0,8
= 6,56 m3
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- Chiu cao tr H = 1,5D. - Np hnh cu, chiu cao h2 = 0,1 D. - y hnh chm cu, chiu cao h1 = 0,1 D. Cng thc tnh th tch thng: - Vy th tch ni l: Vt = D=
3
D 2 D 2 H +( h1 + h13 ) = 6,56m3 4 8 6
6,56 1,218
= 1,75(m)
Vy ng knh mi thng CIP: D = 1,8 m. Chiu cao tr H = 1,8 1,5 = 2,7 m. Chiu cao y h1 = 0,1 1,8 = 0,18 m. Chiu cao np h2 = 0,1 1,5 = 0,18 m. - Trn np thng c ca a ho cht vo thng theo tng m, c ng ng dn nc x l ho tan v pha long ho cht. - Nhc im ca thng l khng t ng ho, phi pha ho cht theo tng m. - u im l thit b gn, khng cng knh, d vn hnh thao tc. 3.2.2. Phn xng ln men. 3.2.2.1. Tnh v chn thng ln men.
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h4 h3
h1
D: ng knh thit b (m) h1: chiu cao phn nn (m) H: chiu cao phn tr cha dch ng (m) h3: chiu cao phn tr khng cha dch ng (m) h4: chiu cao phn tr phn np (m) Th tch dch ln men trong 1 ngy: Vd = 201384(lt) 201,384 (m3) (c 5 m trong ngy u cho vo 1 tank ln men). y cng chnh l th tch hu ch ca thit b. Chn: H = 1,5D h1 = Ta c: Vd = Vy:
D 2
4
1 D tg60o 0,866D 2
H+
1 D 2 h1 0,447 D3 3 4
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201 ,384 0,447
D=
Vd = 0,447
5,3 (m)
h1 = 0,866 5,3 = 4,589 (m) H = 1,5 5,3 = 7,95 (m) Th tch phn khng cha dch (15% th tch hu ch): Vtrng = 0,15 Vd = 31,36 (m3) Th tch thc ca thit b: Vthc = Vd + Vtrng = 201,384+ 31,36 = 232,74 (m3) h3 =
4 Vtrng 1,42(m) D 2
h4 = 0,2D = 1,06 (m) Chiu cao thit b: H1 = h1 + H + h3 + h4 = 15,01 (m) Chn khong cch t y thit b n sn nh l 0,8 (m). Chiu cao ton b thit b l: Ht = H1 + 0,8 = 15,81 (m) Tnh s thng ln men: - S thng ln men tnh theo cng thc:
N = V T +1 Vt
T: chu k ln men, ngy. Chn thi gian ln men chnh: 6 ngy. Chn thi gian ln men ph: 10 ngy. Chu k ln men: T = 6 + 10 + 1 = 17 (ngy) - Mi thng ln men cha lng dch ln men bng lng dch ng nu c trong mt ngy nn coi Vt = V. Vy s thng l N = 17 + 1 = 18 (thng). c tnh k thut ca thit b. 62 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
- Tank ln men l thit b hnh tr nn gm 18 chic, c t ngoi tri trn sn b tng cao > 1m, m bo chu c ti trng, gi bo. - Nhit mi trng khng nh hng n cng ngh ln men, tn tht nhit t nht, kn tuyt i, khng nc ma, nc v sinh ngm vo lp bo n. - Vt liu ch to cc tank bng thp khng r. Dung tch s dng 201,384 m3; y 60; +ng knh thng D = 5,3 m. + h1 = 4,589 m. + H = 7,95 m. + h3 = 1,42m. + h4 =1,06 m, 3.2.2.2. Tnh v chn thng nhn men cp 2. Thit b gy men ging cp 2 Chn thng c y v np hnh chm cu to iu kin cho men phn tn u trong dch, khng b kt lng di y cn
h 4 h 3
h 1
Th tch hu ch ca thit b: V2 = Chn: H=D h1 = 0,2D Ta c: 63 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
1 Vd = 201,384 (lt) 20,1384 (m3). 1 0
n tt nghip

D 2
4
V2 = Vy:
H+
3 D2 h1 + h1 0,276 D3 6 8
D= 3
V2 0,276
20 ,1384 0,276
2,853 (m) = 2853 (mm)
h1 = 0,2 2,853 0,57(m) H = 2,853 (m) Th tch phn khng cha dch (15% th tch hu ch): Vtrng = 0,15 x V2 = 3,02 (m3) Th tch thc ca thit b: Vthc = V2 + Vtrng = 23,159 (m3) h3 =
4 4 x 3,02= 0,62 (m) 2 Vtrng = .2, 4852 D
h4 = 0,2D = 0,57 (m) Chiu cao thit b: H1 = h1 + H + h3 + h4 = 4,613 (m) Chn khong cch t y thit b n sn nh l 0,8 (m). Chiu cao ton b thit b l: H2 = H1 + 0,8 = 5,413(m) c tnh k thut ca thit b. - Thng nhn men cp 2 hnh tr, np hnh chm cu, y cn. + Dung tch 23,19 m3. +ng knh thng D = 2,853 m. + h1 = 0,57 m. + H = 2,853m. + h3 = 0,62 m. + h4 = 0,57 m, - V lm lnh: p lc vn hnh 2 bar, nhit vn hnh l 2 -4C. 64 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
- Thng c bo n bng polyurethane 100 mm, ngoi bc inox. - Trang b phn nh: c 1 ca v sinh; 1 ng vi vi u phun CIP; c van an ton, van chn khng. - Trang b phn tr: 1 van ly mu; c u vo v ra glycol lm lnh. - Trang b phn y: 1 u vi cho sc kh; mt u cho cp nhit Pt 100; 1 u van x b. 3.2.2.3. Thng nhn men cp 1. Tnh kch thc thng.
h 4 h 3
h 1
Th tch hu ch ca thit b: V1 = Chn: H=D Ta c: V1 = Vy: D=

3
1 V2 6,71 (m3). 3
h1 = 0,2D
D 2
4
3 D2 h1 + h1 0,276 D3 H+ 6 8
V1 V1 = 3 1,98(m) = 1980 (mm) 0,276 0, 276
h1 = 0,39(m) H = 1,98 (m) 65 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
Th tch phn khng cha dch (15% th tch hu ch): Vtrng = 0,15 V1 = 1,1 (m3) Th tch thc ca thit b: Vthc = V1 + Vtrng = 7,81 (m3) h3 =
4 Vtrng 0,36 (m) D 2
h4 = 0,2D = 0,39 (m) Chiu cao thit b: H1 = h1 + H + h3 + h4 = 3,12 (m) Chn khong cch t y thit b n sn nh l 0,8 (m). Chiu cao ton b thit b l: H0 = H1 + 0,8 = 3,92 (m) c tnh k thut ca thit b. - Thng gy men cp 2 hnh tr, np hnh chm cu, y cn. + Dung tch 7,81m3. +ng knh thng D = 1,98 m. + h1 = 0,39 m. +H= 1,98 m. + h3 = 0,36 m. + h4 = 0,39 m, 3.2.2.4 . Thng ra men v bo quan men dng li, thit b hot ho men.
Thit b hot ho men.

h 4 h 3
h 1
n tt nghip
Th tch hu ch ca thit b: Vh = Chn: H=D h1 = 0,2D Ta c: Vh = Vy: D=

3
1 V1 2,24 (m3). 3
D 2
4
H+
3 D2 h1 + h1 0,276 D3 6 8
Vh = 0, 276
2,24 0,276
1,373(m) = 1373 (mm)
h1 = 0,274 (m) H = 1,373(m) Th tch phn khng cha dch (15% th tch hu ch): Vtrng = 0,15 Vh = 0,336(m3) Th tch thc ca thit b: Vthc = Vh + Vtrng = 2,576 (m3) h3 =
4 Vtrng 0,22 (m) D 2
h4 = 0,2D = 0,274 (m) Chiu cao thit b: H1 = h1 + h2 + h3 + h4 = 2,14 (m) Chn khong cch t y thit b n sn nh l 0,8 (m). Chiu cao ton b thit b l: H = H1 + 0,8 = 2,94 (m)
Thit b ra men
Sau khi ln men nm men c th b nhim tp nn cn phi x l bng axit H3PO4 0,6% hoc bng kim nh, 67 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
Do vy vt liu lm bng thp khng r chu c pH dao ng t 4-8. Kch thc thn tr (ng knh D, chiu cao H), y chm cu.
h 4 h 3
h 1
Tnh ton. Lng men thu c thng vo khong 2% so vi dch ln men. Dch ln men ca mt thng 201,384(m3)
201384 2 4027,6 (lt) = 4,027 (m3) 100
Chn: H=D h1 = 0,2D Ta c: Vr = Vy: D=

3
2 D
4
H+
3 D2 h1 + h1 0,276 D3 6 8
Vr = 0, 276
4,027 0,276
1,668 (m) = 1668 (mm)
h1 = 0,33 (m) H = 1,668 (m) Th tch phn khng cha dch (15% th tch hu ch): Vtrng = 0,15 Vr = 0,604 (m3) 68 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
Th tch thc ca thit b: Vthc = Vr + Vtrng = 4,63 (m3) h3 =

4 Vtrng 0,276 (m) D 2
h4 = 0,2D = 0,33(m) Chiu cao thit b: H1 = h1 + H + h3 + h4 = 2,604(m) Chn khong cch t y thit b n sn nh l 0,8 (m). Chiu cao ton b thit b l: H = H1 + 0,8 =3,404 (m) 3.2.2.5. Tnh v chn h thng CIP lnh. - CIP lnh c 3 bn cha: NaOH 2%, Trimeta HC 2% v P3 Oxonia 0,5%. Th tch ca ho cht ra thit b bng 5% th tch dch ln men, h s cha ca thng bng 0,9. Th tch thng ln men V = 232,74m3/ m, vy th tch ca thng cha l:
Vt = 232 ,74 0,05 = 12 ,93 (m 3 ) 0,9
+ Chn cu to thng: - ng knh D. - Chiu cao tr H = 1,5D. - y hnh chm cu, chiu cao h1= 0,1D - Np hnh nn, chiu cao h2= 0,1D + Cng thc tnh th tch thng:
D 2 h1 h13 D 2 H +( + ) = 12 ,93( m 3 ) 4 8 6 Vt = 1,218 D 3 = 12,93( m 3 ) D = 2,19 m
Vt =
Vy ng knh ni lng xoy D = 2,2m. - Chiu cao tr H = 1,5 2,1 =3,3 m. 69 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
- Chiu cao y h1 = 0,1 2,2 = 0,22 m. - Chiu cao np h2 = 0,1 2,2 = 0,22 m. 3.2.3. Phn xng hon thin 3.2.3.1. Tnh v chn my lc bia. Chn my lc kiu bn c bt tr lc DIATOMIT tng cng cht lng lc bia. Tnh my lc bn. - T bng cn bng vt liu: trong 1 ngy lng bia cn lc cho c dy chuyn l: 1062,8 x 5 x 36 = 191304lt. Trn thc t theo b tr dy truyn cng ngh chn bin php lc nh sau: - Tin hnh lc mi thng bia trong 1 ngy, 2 ca lm vic thi gian hot ng ca my 16 h, h s s dng ca my l 0,8. Vy nng sut lc l: N=
191304 = 14,945(m3/h) 16 0.8
- Tnh s bn: + My khung bn thc t ch lc khong 1000 l/ m2 b mt lc. Vy din tch b mt lc tng s l:
14 ,945 = 14,495 m2 1000
+ Chn bn lc c kch thc l D R = 600 600 (mm), b dy 40 mm. Vy s bn cn c l:

14 ,945 0,6 0,6
= 41,5 ly 42 bn.
tng cng cht lng thnh phm b tr thm phn lc tinh gm c khong 45bn c b dy 10 mm. Chiu di ca my: 42 x 0,04 + 45 x 0,01 + 1,2 = 3.33 Cc thng s k thut: + Lc th 42 bn, lc tinh 45 bn. + Chiu di 3,33 m, chiu cao 1 m. 70 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
+ Nng sut lc : 14.945 m3/ h. + Thi gian lc 16 h. Tnh thng ho bt tr lc. - Bt tr lc DIATOMIT vi cht lng thng dng khong 1kg/1000lt bia lc. Vy lng bt dng lc l:
191304 1000
= 191,304 (kg) - Lng bt c ho trn vi nc dng cho mi ln lc: chn t l ho trn l 5 kg bt/ 30 lt nc. Lng nc cn dng l:
191 ,304 30 = 1147 ,824 ( l ) 5
- Do bt dng rn nn th tch dch sau ho trn gim ch cn khong: 0,8 1147,824 = 918,25 (l). - thun tin cho qu trnh lm vic lin tc kt hp vi khuy trn cn chn 3 thng lm vic, mi thng c th tch: Vt = 310 (l). + Kch thc ca thng c chn l thng hnh tr c: - ng knh 620 mm. - Chiu cao: 930 mm. - Thng c ch to bng thp khng r, b tr cnh khuy dng rng co, ng knh cnh khuy 496 mm (cng sut 0,4kw, vn tc khuy 90 vng/pht), b dy thng 3 mm. - Chn cao khong 800 mm. 3.2.3.2. Chn thng cha bia v bo ho CO2 Chn thng cha. Chn thng cha bia cha c ton b lng bia trong cho mt ln lc bia, mi ngy cha vo 2 thng v chn thm 2 thng d tr. Vy s lng c 4 thng cha, h s cha y mi thng l 0,8. th tch 1 thng cha l:
V = 201 ,384 = 62 ,9 m 3 4 x 0,8
( ).
71
GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh
SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
Cc thng s k thut ca thng l: - Thn tr, ng knh D. - Chiu cao H = 1,5D. - y, Np hnh chm cu, chiu cao h = 0,1D. - Ta c:
D 2 h1 h13 D 2 H +( + ) = 62 ,9( m 3 ) 4 8 6 3 1,218 D = 62,9 D = 3,72 ( m )
V =
Vy ng knh thng D = 3,72m. + Chiu cao thng H = 3,72 1,5 = 5,58 m. + Chiu cao y,np: h = 0,1 3,72= 0,372 m. c tnh k thut ca thng. S lng gm 4 thng, mi thng gm: - Vt liu bng thp khng r, p sut lm vic l 1,5 bar; p sut th l 3 bar. - ng knh trong 3720 mm, chiu cao thng 5580 mm. - Np trn dng vm, thn tr, tt c cc mi ni u c bo v, bn trong c mi mn cc mi hn bng kh argon, mi phng nh bng cc mi ghp pha trong mt tip xc vi dch. - phn thn tr c 2 vng lm lnh c cc ng hnh xon c l cc ng ng lm lnh. - Ngoi ra thng cn c 1 ng ng ty ra CIP, 1 cp nhit , 1 van ly mu, 1 ng bo mc bia trong thng, van an ton 3.2.3.3. Chn my chit chai. - Th tch bia chai cn chit trong ngy cao nht l: 187506l .S dng chai dung tch 450 ml vy s chai s dng trong 1 ngy l:
187506 = 416680 ( chai 0,45
)
72
SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
- Mi ngy lm vic 24h, h s s dng my l 0,8. vy nng sut my chit l:

416680 = 21702 ,1 24 0,8
(chai/h)
* Chn my ra chai c thng s k thut: Nng sut:25000 chai/h Kch thc: 6,5m 3,44m 2,8m Th tch b cha kim: 8m3 ng knh van xi kim: 35mm Chu k mt vng: 12,9 pht Thi gian ngh: 1,9 pht S bm: 2 chic Nng sut bm: 10 m3/h Cng sut ng c: 7 kW * Chn my chit chai c thng s k thut: Nng sut: 30000 chai/h Kch thc: 3,5m 2m 3,2m p sut kh nn: 2,5 bar p sut nc cp ca bm cao p: 1 2 bar p sut CO2 vo: 2,5 3 bar chn khng: 0,85 0,97 bar * Chn thit b thanh trng l hm thanh trng (tunel) c thng s k thut: Nng sut: 30000 chai/h Kch thc 18m 2,7m 2,2m Cng sut lp t 4,1 kW, s dng in p 3 pha: 400V, 50Hz p sut kh nn: 6 7 bar, 150 l/ph Hi 3 4 bar, 6 8 m3/h Ting n: < 70db 73 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
Thng s hot ng: Tc bng ti chnh: 0,339 m/ph Nhit u vo: 4C Nhit nc cp: 18C Nhit nc u ra: 25 36C Chu k chai vo ra khi my l: 62 pht Chu k hot ng: 60 pht.Trong thi gian gia nhit 27 pht, gi nhit 10 pht, h nhit 23 pht. Hm thanh trng c 8 khoang, mi khoang phun nc nng mt nhit khc nhau. Gia nhit 419C bng nc 28C Gia nhit 1933C bng nc 42C Gia nhit 3347C bng nc 48C Gia nhit 4764C bng nc 64C Gi nhit 64C bng nc 68C H nhit 6459C bng nc 62C H nhit 5949C bng nc 40C H nhit 4936C bng nc 32C * Chn my dn nhn c thng s k thut: Nng sut: 30000 chai/h Kch thc my: 3,56m 1,2m 1,5m Tc quay: 15 v/ph Cng sut ng c: 0,8 kW Trng lng my: 300 kg S dng keo Krones hay Eticol 6300 * Chn my bn ch c thit b cm bin, iu khin t ng * Chn my xp kt Mt kt cha c 20 chai, my xp kt cn t nng sut: 74 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
23149 20
= 1086(kt/h)
Chn my xp kt c thng s k thut: Nng sut: 1500 kt/h Kch thc my: 1,5m 1m 2,5m * Chn my ra kt c thng s k thut: Nng sut: 1500 kt/h Kch thc my: 4m 0,7m 1,5m Chn cc thit b vn chuyn
(den day )
Cc thit b vn chuyn bao gm: gu ti v vt ti chuyn nguyn liu ln cc ni nu, cc bm dn dch, dn nc. 2.2.4.1. Chn gu ti. Chn 4 gu ti vn chuyn nguyn liu cho c dy truyn nu gm 2 gu ti trong qu trnh vn chuyn malt v 2 gu ti trong qu trnh vn chuyn go. Chiu cao 4m. Cc thit b ph tr cn c bao gm: phu cha, bn ng dn b mt trn c nhn cao, ng knh = 150 mm, lm bng thp khng r v cc van kho iu chnh lng bt vo ni nu cho v ni ng ho. + Gu ti vn chuyn malt. Lng nguyn liu cn vn chuyn 1 m l 2996 kg v cn vn chuyn trong 30 pht. Vy nng sut ca thit b l:
2996 60 = 5995 ( kg / h ) 30
Trn c s chn gu ti: - Nng sut thc t: 6000 (kg/h).
n tt nghip
- S gu mc l 30 gu cho mi thit b, 1 xch ko chu lc, tc quay ca xch l 4 vng/pht. - Khi lng 1 ln mc l 50 kg/1gu. - Cng sut ng c: 2kw. + Gu ti vn chuyn go. Lng nguyn liu cn vn chuyn 1 m l 998 kg v cn vn chuyn trong 30 pht. Vy nng sut ca thit b l:
998 60 = 1996 ( kg / h ) 30
Trn c s chn gu ti: - Nng sut thc t: 2000 (kg/h). - S gu mc l 10 gu cho mi thit b, 1 xch ko chu lc, tc quay ca xch l 4 vng/pht. - Khi lng 1 ln mc l 50 kg/1gu. - Cng sut ng c: 0,8 kw. - Vn tc ko: 1,2 1,4 m/s 2.2.4.2. Chn vt ti. + Vt ti malt. - vn chuyn malt nghin vo ni nu. - Cng sut: 6 tn/h. - Vt liu thp khng r. - ng c: 0,5 kw, c hp gim tc. + Vt ti go. - vn chuyn go nghin vo ni nu. - Cng sut: 2 tn/h. - Vt liu thp khng r. - ng c: 0,5 kw, c hp gim tc. 2.2.4.3. La chn bm. 76 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
Cc loi bm: bm cho v dch ng ho cng sut 75m3/h, Pdm= 7,5 kw; bm dch lc cng sut 20 m3/h, Pdm= 3 kw; bm dch ng i lng xoy cng sut 50m3/h, Pm = 5,5 kw; bm dch ng sau lng xoy i lnh nhanh cng sut 20m3/h, Pm= 3 kw; bm dch i ln men cng sut 25 m3/ h, Pm = 5 kw. Bm nc lnh cng sut 25 m3/h, Pm 4 kw; bm nc sch cng sut 30 m3, Pm = 5 kw, bm tun hon nc lnh cng sut 25m3/h, Pm = 4 kw, bm y CIP cng sut 20m3/h, Pm = 3 kw; bm CIP hi cng su 20 m3/h, Pm = 3 kw, bm dch ln men cng sut 500l/ h, Pm = 0,5 kw. 3.2.5. Ho cht v sinh . 2.2.5.1. Ho cht v sinh cc ni nu: Cc ho cht v sinh cc ni nu l: dung dch Na0H 2%, dung dch HN03 0,1%, dung dch nc clo 10%, cn c theo nhp nu : gia cc m nu trong 1 ngy ch cn v sinh cc ni nu bng nc nng. Trong cc khong ngh di v sinh cc ni nu bng ho cht ty ra, kh trng. Th tch ho cht cn dng cho 1 ln v sinh nh k khong 8% th tch ni nu ln nht l ni hoa, theo th tch cc dung dch v sinh l : 0.08 x 36,43 x 2 = 5,83 m3, tc khi lng 5830 kg, lng ho cht s dng tng ng l: Na0H dng khan: 2% x 5830=116,6 kg, dung dch axit nitric m c 63%: 0,1% x 5830/63% = 9,25 kg, bt cloramin; 10% x 5830 = 583kg, nh k 1 tun v sinh cc ni nu 1 ln th theo lch sn xut 1 nm cn v sinh khong 50 ln khi lng ho cht cn tiu hao l: Na0H : 50 x 116,6 =5830 kg HN03 : 50 x9,25 = 462,5 kg Clorami : 50 x 583 = 29150 kg. 2.2.5.2. Ho cht v sinh cc thit b ln men: Cc ho cht dng v sinh cc thit b ln men l: dung dch Na0H 2%, dung dch trimeta HC 2%, dung dch P3 oxonia 0,5%, theo nhp sn xut 1 ngy sn xut v sinh 1 tank ln men, ngoi ra cn v sinh h thng ln men hay ti s dng men kt 77 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
lng v cc tank tng tr, th tch cc CIP cn s dng 1 ngy bng 8% th tch tank ln men: 8% x209,4 = 16,75 m3. Lng ho cht cn v sinh h thng ln men 1 ngy l: Na0H : 2% x 16750 =335 kg Trimeta HC: 2% x 16750 = 335 kg P3 oxonia: 0,5% x 16750 = 8375 kg Mt nm tng ng 300 ngy sn xut cn 1 lng ho cht v sinh l: Na0H : 300 x 335 = 100500 kg Trimeta HC: 300 x335 = 100500kg P3 oxonia: 300 x 83,75 = 2512,5 kg Tng lng Na0H cn v sinh nh ny l: 106330 kg
TT
Tn thit b
ng c
c im k
Cng sut 78
SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
1 2 3 4
Cn My nghin malt My nghin go Ni h ho
lng 2 1 1 1 11 kw 6kw ng c cnh khuy d=1,76 m tc 32 v/p ng c cnh khuy d=2,16 m tc 32 v/p
thut cn in t ch
500
th s 0,5kg/ln cn My nghin trc 3000kg/h My nghin ba 1000kg/h D=2,2m; 12,1 m3 h1=0,44; H=3,08 m h2=0,33 m F= 2,275m2 D=2,7m; h1=0,54; H= 3,78m h2=0,405m F= 8,18 m2 D=2,9 H=2,49m D=3,1m; h1=0,62; H= 4,34 h2=0,465m D=3m H=4,5m h=0,3m D=3,2m H=3,2m h2=0,48m D=1,8m H=2,7m 79 16,3 m3 32,8m3 21,82 m3
Ni ng ho
6 7
Thng lc y bng Ni nu hoa
2 2
Thit b un nc nng
31,5m3
Ni lng xoy
27,3m3
10
CIP cho nh nu
6,56m3
SV: Nguyn ng Hng
n tt nghip
h1=0,18 11 12 My lnh nhanh Thng ln men 1 18 h2=0,18m 47 tm D=5,3m h1=4,589m H=7,95m h3=1,42m h4=1,06m 13 Thng nhn men cp 2 1 D=2,853m h1=0,57m H=2,853m h3=0,62m h4=0,57 m 14 Thng nhn men cp 1 1 D=1,98m h1=0,39m H=1,98m h3=0,36m h4=0,39 m 15 Thng ra men 1 D=1,668m h1=0,33m H=1,668m h3=0,276m 16 Thit b hot ho men 1 h4=0,33 m D=1,373m h1=0,274m H=1,373m h3=0,22m 80 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng 2,57 m3 4,63m3 7,81m3 23,159m3
232,74m3
n tt nghip
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
CIP lnh My lc bia Thng cha bia My chit chai My ra chai My dp nt chai My thanh trng My dn nhn Gu ti
3 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 4,1 7kw 4,1kw 0,8kw 0,8kw
h4=0,274 m D=2,2m H=3,3 m D x R =600 x600mm D=3,72 m H=5,58 m 416680 chai
12,93 m3 14,495 m3 62,9 m3 30000chai/h 25000chai/h 30000np/h 30000chai/h 30000chai/h 6000kg/h(ma lt) 2000kg/h(g o) 6 tn/h 2 tn/h max =75m3/h
26 27
Vt ti Bm
2 Nhiu loi
0,5kw max =7,5kw
ti malt ti go

Nguyen Dang Hung

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Nguyen Dang Hung

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n tt nghip

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Muc Luc Li ni u-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 PHN I------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2

1 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

PHN I TNG QUAN

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

- m tng: 3,5 5 g/l - Este: 15 50 mg/l

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

11 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

12 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

15 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

II. Quy trnh sn xut bia

16 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Houblon ha Lng xoy

B sung O2 Thu hi CO2

Bo ha CO2 Chit chai

17 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

n tt nghip 2.1. Nghin nguyn liu

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

18 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Hnh 1.1. S nu.

19 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

2.2. Qu trnh h ho.

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

2.3. Qu trnh dch ng ho.

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

+ Phng php un si tng phn:

22 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

2.5. un si dch ng vi hoa houblon

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

2.6. Ni lng xoy

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

2.7. Qu trnh lm lnh nhanh

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

2.8. Qu trnh ln men

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

31 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

32 GVHD:Ths Nguyn Tn Thnh SV: Nguyn ng Hng

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

2.9. Qu trnh lc trong bia

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm

Thit k nh my bia nng sut 45riu lt/nm