Compressive Sensing for Transient Analysis

Dr. M. Sabarimalai Manikandan CEN, Amrita University

Compressive Sensing
Compressed sensing is a new data acquisition theory that aims to reduce the number of measurements required to completely describe a signal by exploiting its compressibility or sparsity The new model for signals utilized in CS is based on sparse approximation

Sparse Signal Representation/Approximation

The signal can be represented or well approximated by a linear combination of a small number of waveforms taken from a basis or dictionary There are numerous practical examples in which a signal of interest is not sparse in an orthonormal basis. The recovery of signals from undersampled data in the common situation where such signals are not sparse in an orthonormal basis or incoherent dictionary, but in a truly redundant or overcomplete dictionary.

Compressive Sensing Requirements

Design of a stable measurement matrix that ensures that the salient information in any K-sparse or compressible signal is not damaged by the dimensionality reduction. Develop a reconstruction algorithm to recover x from the measurements y.

Sparse Signal Representation

Learning Overcomplete Dictionary

Dirac Functions Heaviside Functions Discrete Cosines Discrete Sines Hadamard-Walsh Wavelets and Wavelet Packets Dual-tree wavelets Curvelets Splines and Random vectors

Detection and Localization of Transient Signals

Transients are generally very short-duration nonstationary signals often with oscillations. impulsive and oscillatory transients short-time energy, matched filters, higher-order statistics, Fourier transform, Wigner-Vue distribution (WVD), Stransform, wavelet and wavelet packet transforms

Limitations of traditional wavelet-based approaches The common problem in well-known wavelet transform-based methods is which mother wavelet function and characteristic scale provides the best time-frequency resolution for detection of transients. Detection and localization of transients is still a very challenging task because the transients are typically having different shapes, amplitudes, durations and frequency content, which are not known in many different applications and systems

Applications of Transient Analysis Power-quality analysis Underwater acoustics system Audio and biosignal analysis Ultra wideband (UWB) pulsed radar Mechanical fault diagnosis Seismic signal analysis

Transient Representation

CS-Based Transient Detection Algorithm

Detection of Oscillatory Transients

Detection of Spikes

CS-based Detection
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Advantages of CS-Based Approach

In addition to time information, the CS-based detector also preserves essential characteristics of the transients (amplitude, frequency and shape) that wavelet-based method may fail to preserve. This is a clear advantage of our CS-based method over the wavelet-based methods.

Phase Shift Detection and Correction

50 Hz sinusoidal signal with phase shift of 32 degree
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50 Hz sinusoidal signal without phase shift

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Powerline Frequency Removal

original ECG signal
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original ECG signal

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original ECG signal plus powerline

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original ECG signal plus powerline (10 degree)

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Output of CS-based approach

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Output of CS-based approach

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50 Hz Powerline Removal
original ECG signal
original ECG signal
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original ECG signal plus powerline (10 degree)

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original ECG signal plus powerline (86 degree)

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Simultaneous Removal of 50 Hz and LF Artifact

original ECG signal
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original ECG signal plus powerline

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Output of CS-based approach

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Output of CS-based baseline wander removal

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Detection and Localization of Transient Signals

Transient signals
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DCT:Localization
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Reconstruction
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