19DAA Trade Facilitation Terms An English Russian Glossary

UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE
Trade Facilitation Terms:

An English - Russian Glossary
-
UNITED NATIONS
GENEVA 2007
Preface
This English-Russian glossary of trade facilitation terms is first and foremost an attempt to
fill in a gap, to provide an authoritative international standard for translators and specialists
promoting trade facilitation in the Russian-speaking world. This work stems from the
mandate and vocation of the UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), which has
developed and promoted trade facilitation standards and measures for more than 45 years.
The glossary builds on this pioneering experience, in order to promote the implementation
of trade facilitation measures in UNECEs Russian-speaking Member States and to foster
the construction of a fair, predictable and secure international trading system.
Trade facilitation addresses the problems arising from inefficient trade procedures, which
incur high transaction costs. These hinder trade and economic growth as well as the
adoption of cutting edge technologies worldwide. Yet the problem is both more acute and
understood in the transition economies of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
UNECEs work to raise awareness and offer practical solutions for trade facilitation is highly
appreciated. I am pleased to present this glossary with the conviction that it will contribute
to the efforts to develop trade and raise the well being of the population of these countries.
We at the UNECE are committed to achieving the United Nations objectives of poverty
eradication, sustainable development, and promoting peace and security. Our activities
contribute to economic growth, and to the equal participation of all countries, especially
developing and transition economies, in building the global trading system. Heads of State
and government, who gathered at the United Nations in New York in September 2000,
solemnly declared in the United Nations Millennium Declaration:
We believe that the central challenge we face today is to ensure that globalization
becomes a positive force for all the worlds people. For while globalization offers
great opportunities, at present its benefits are very unevenly shared, while its costs
are unevenly distributed. We recognize that developing countries and countries with
economies in transition face special difficulties in responding to this central
challenge. Thus, only through broad and sustained efforts to create a shared future,
based upon our common humanity in all its diversity, can globalization be made fully
inclusive and equitable. These efforts must include policies and measures, at the
global level, which correspond to the needs of developing countries and economies
in transition and are formulated and implemented with their effective participation. 1
The Millennium Declaration2 clearly calls for a shared responsibility for managing
worldwide economic and social development, as well as threats to international peace and
security, among the nations of the world. This responsibility should be exercised
multilaterally and, as the most universal and most representative organization in the world,
the United Nations must play the central role. This publication demonstrates just one
aspect of how UNECE is contributing towards the Millennium Development Goals,
especially Goal 8, Target 12: Develop an open, equitable, rule-based, predictable and nondiscriminatory multilateral trading system.3
Marek Belka
Executive Secretary
United Nations Document A/Res/55/2.

United Nations Document A/Res/55/2.
3
United Nations Document A/56/326, Annex.
2
Introduction
The idea to create this English-Russian glossary of trade facilitation terms appeared during
the organization of a UNECE seminar for WTO negotiators on trade facilitation from several
former Soviet republics (the WTO members Armenia, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova,
as well as representatives from four WTO accession countries: Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan,
Tajikistan and Uzbekistan). During the preparation of a background study for this seminar,
it became clear that in many cases multiple terms and expressions were used in the
Russian language to denote a single established term in English. Sometimes there was no
Russian equivalent at all.
For example, at least three different terms are used in the Russian language literature to
express the concept of trade facilitation:
(a)
(simplification of trade procedures),

which has acquired broad use in UNECE and in various circles dealing with trade
facilitation4; which has become the established UN term in Russian, but which has a
much narrower meaning than the generally accepted definition of trade facilitation
as the simplification, harmonization, standardization (with international standards),
and automation of trade procedures, which makes the movement of goods and
supporting information faster and more reliable;
(b)
, is another term in use5, but practically means

a different thing, namely trade promotion. Many technical assistance projects in
Central Asia and the Caucasus have selected this term regardless of the confusion
that this creates;
(c)
, which is the only literal translation, but sounds

inappropriate in Russian (and was not adopted by the UN translators in the past
probably for this reason). This term is still in use, however, in various official
documents in Russia. Notably, this is the term mentioned at the official web site of
the President of the Russian Federation.6
4
:
(Trade Facilitation: Sharing the Gains of Globalization in the New Security
Environment), New York and Geneva, UN, 2004; xiv-443 p.
5
See for example the web site Regional Economic Cooperation (
):
-
(http://www.crc.mofcom.gov.cn/crweb/scor/info/Article.jsp?col_no=66&a_no=626)
6
,
, :
, , ,
(www.kremlin.ru/interdocs/2005/05/10/1940_type72067_87994.shtml?
type=72067). On the site Virtual Customs of the Russian Federation ( )
there is a statement with similar terminology:
(http://www.vch.ru/cgibin/guide.cgi?table_code=9&action=show&id=323). The Moscow Moscow State Academy of Law
also refers to this term: 3. .

. 10
UNECE and the UN terminologists have adopted the term

as the Russian translation of trade facilitation to avoid this confusion.
The term trade and transport facilitation is more and more used to denote simplifying,
harmonizing, standardizing and automating trade procedures, where transport is a major
channel through which international trade is carried out. Essentially, four areas are covered
by this concept: (a) streamlining and automation of trade information flows; (b) establishing
public-private partnerships involving all stakeholders in trade facilitation in a country; (c)
facilitation of border-crossing procedures and integrated border management; and (d)
transit facilitation.
(a)
The simplification, standardization, and automation of trade information
flows includes simplification and standardization of trade document and data flows,
as well as development of innovative electronic means of information exchange;
The key problem to be addressed by trade facilitation is that in order to carry out an
international trade transaction, the trader or his agent must complete many different
forms, containing mostly the same data. International experts estimated that in
order to carry out a trade a transaction companies have to provide on the average
40 different forms containing to a large extent repetitive data, different versions of
these forms, and send them to different partners and agencies. In order to address
this problem experts have created: standards for the format of international trade
and transport documents (typically aligned to the UN Layout Key for trade
documents described in trade facilitation Recommendation 1 of UNECE and
UNCEFACT); international codes (such as the location code or LOCODE);
standards for the harmonization of data element definitions and exchange. The
concept of a Single Window for export and import clearance, when all information is
filed to a single agency, in a single entry spot, is the emanation of the objective of
trade facilitation elimination of the requirement to provide the same information in
different formats to different agencies and trading partners.
(b)
Trade facilitation involves many different processes, control agencies,
business partners, financial institutions, transporters, freight borwarders, etc. There
are different interests involved, and it is often difficult to find the right modus of
cooperation among them. For this reason stakeholders of trade facilitation have
started establishing National Trade and Transport Facilitation Committees as
forums for exchange of views, discussion of problems and propositions for solutions
that would facilitate documentary and other trade procedures. On the basis of such
experience in the most advanced countries, experts have drafted trade facilitation
http://eulaw.edu.ru/documents/legislation/eea/eep.htm). This term is used by media sources:

.

(http://magazines.russ.ru/vestnik/2002/6/arh.html) or by the Customs agencies of
the former Soviet Republics (e.g. on the site of the State Customs Control Committee of the
Republic of Kazakhstan: , ,
2006/2007 - 2008/2009 ,
, ,

(http://www.customs.kz/exec/news/news_msg?newsid=466)
Rcommendation 4: National Trade Facilitation Bodies, which has served as a guide

for the establishment and functioning of a number of trade facilitation committees in
the developing and transition economies.
(c)
Another term, which indicates the confusion, is business process. Sometimes this concept
is referred to as . The meaning of this Russian term (business
transactions rather than processes) is different from the English counterpart. A more
appropriate translation would be or .
This glossary covers: (1) general terms used in the literature and specialized discussions,
such as trade facilitation, integrated border management, data elements, supply chain, EDI,
or national trade and transport facilitation bodies; (2) names of documents/forms with are
used in international trade and transport, and whose simplification and streamlining are the
objective of trade facilitation; (3) terms related to trade, customs, freight forwarding, and
transportation procedures; (4) terms used in the WTO negotiations on trade facilitation; (5)
international legal instruments providing fore trade facilitation measures. In many cases
explanations of the terms are given only in Russian, as the glossary is primarily oriented to
our Russian-speaking stakeholders.
Acknowledgements
This glossary was created under the overall coordination of Mario Apostolov, Regional
Adviser UNECE Trade, working with Svetlana Dupriez. Many individuals and organizations
contributed with comments and editorial remarks. We are greatly thankful to Vyatcheslav
Blokhine (Terminology unit, UNOG), Konstantine Glukhenkiy (UNECE Transport) and
Elena Kolokolova (Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation), who
made valuable comments on the usage of Russian terms. Christopher Edgar (UNECE
editor), Mika Vepsalainen, Vyatcheslav Novikov, Sergey Polovinkin, Asmat Abesadze and
others collaborated in the drafting of this glossary.

,
, .

,
: ( , , ),
( )
( -
).
( , ), , ,
, ,
.
A
1
.
24-hour Advance Manifest Rule;

24 AMR
[U.S. Customs 24-hour Advance Cargo
Manifest Declaration Rule]

( 24 )
[ 11 2001

]
2
.
acceptance credit
[a letter of credit that provides for payment
by means of a time draft. Acceptance and
payment of the draft are guaranteed by the
bank issuing the credit only if the documents
presented under the credit conform to the
L/C. Acceptance credits are advantageous
because the beneficiary (the seller) can
receive immediate payment by having the
draft discounted, while the applicant's
(buyer's) obligation to pay is deferred until
the maturity of the draft]

[; ,

, .
-

]
3
.
acceptance of goods
4
.
acknowledgment of order
[document acknowledging an undertaking to
fulfil an order and confirming conditions or
acceptance of conditions (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
,
(
/)]
5
.
administrative settlement of a Customs

offense
[procedure laid down by national legislation
under which the Customs authorities are
empowered to settle a Customs offence
either by ruling thereon or by means of a
compromise settlement. Administrative
settlement of a Customs offence is dealt with
in Annex H.2 to the Kyoto Convention]

[,

,

.
.2 ]
6
.
ADR
[European Agreement concerning the
International Carriage of Dangerous Goods
by Road (UNECE)]
[

( )]
advance against document
TRADE FACILITATION TERMS
A
[loan made on the security of the documents
covering the shipment]
[,
,
]
8
.
Advance Cargo Information System;

ACIS
[ACIS gives information on cargo, in advance
of its arrival, across different modes and
interfaces.
By
making
appropriate
information available, it allows the effective
logistics management of a transport chain
(UNCTAD)]
[
]
9
.
advance ruling
[on the basis of all required data and
documents submitted in advance, Customs
makes an advance ruling on the payments
due for the specific consignment; the ruling is
then binding, if the consignment corresponds
to what is described in the documents]

[

, (
..) ;
-
,
, ,
,
]
1
0
.
advice of distribution of documents

[document in which the party responsible for
the issue of a set of trade documents
specifies the various recipients of originals
and copies of these documents, with an
indication of the number of copies distributed
to each of them. (UN/ECE/FAL)]
1
1
.
advance submission of information
[, ,

,

,
,
( /)]

1
2
.
AGC
[European Agreement on Main International
Railway Lines]
[
/ ]
1
3
Agreement on Preshipment Inspection

[WTO]
[,
A

,
, , ,

,
,

,
()]
1
4
.
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade

[WTO]

[ , 15-
.

.

.
:
(Technical
Regulation), ,

(Standard),

.

,
.

,

.
,

.

( 2)()]
1
5
aircraft general declaration

[declaration conforming to the provisions of

[, ,
9
A
Annex 9 to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation, Chicago 1994. The general
declaration is the basic document on arrival
and departure providing information
concerning the aircraft itself and summary
information relating to the itinerary, crew,
passengers and health (WCO)]
,
1994.
,

, ,
()]
1
6
.
airport of departure
1
7
.
air freightment
[an agreement by a steamship line to provide
cargo space on a vessel at a specified time
and for a specified price to accommodate an
exporter or importer, who then becomes
liable for payment even though he is later
unable to make the shipment]
[,
()
()

, ]
1
8
.
air waybill
[document made out by or on behalf of the
shipper which evidences the contract
between the shipper and carrier(s) for
carriage of goods over routes of the
carrier(s) and which is identified by the airline
prefix issuing the document plus a serial
number (IATA)]
;

[,

,

, ,
()]
1
9
.
alongside delivery
2
0
.
amended rule
A
2
1
.
amount
2
2
.
appeal
[an act by which a person who is directly
affected by a decision or omission and who
considers himself to be aggrieved thereby
seeks redress before a competent authority]
2
3
.
appeal procedure
[

,

]
;

;

2
4
.
appellant
[party in a WTO dispute who appeals in the
Appellate Body a negative decision of the
dispute-resolution panel, usually seeking
reversal of that decision]
[ ,
,

]
2
5
.
Appellate Body
[a standing body of seven persons that hears
appeals from reports issued by panels in
disputes brought by WTO Members. The
Appellate Body can uphold, modify or
reverse the legal findings and conclusions of
a panel. Appellate Body Reports, once
adopted by the Dispute Settlement Body
(DSB), must be accepted by the parties to
the dispute (WTO)]

[
,

.
,
,
]
2
6
.
application for certificate of origin

[document submitted to a competent body by
an interested party requesting a certificate of
origin to be issued in accordance with
relevant criteria, and on the basis of
evidence of the origin of the goods.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]
()

[,

( /)]
2
7
.
application for exchange allocation

[document whereby an importer/buyer
requests the competent body to allocate an
amount of foreign exchange to be transferred
[,
/
A
to an exporter/seller in payment for goods.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

/
( /)]
2
8
.
application for goods control certificate

party requesting a goods control certificate to
be issued in accordance with national or
international standards, or conforming to
legislation in the importing country, or as
specified in the contract (UN/ECE/FAL)]
()

[,

-,
( /)]
2
9
.
application for inspection certificate

a party requesting an Inspection certificate to
be issued in accordance with national or
legislation in the country in which it is
required, or as specified in the contract.
(UN/ECE/FAL)
()

[,
,

,
,
,
(
/)]
3
0
.
application for phytosanitary certificate

party requesting a phytosanitary certificate to
be issued (UN/ECE/FAL)]

()
[,

( /)]
3
1
.
arrival notice (of goods)

[notification from the carrier to the consignee
in writing, by telephone or by any other
means (express letter, message, telegram,
etc.) informing him that a consignment
addressed to him is being or will shortly be
held at his disposal at a specified point in the
place of destination (GIT)]
()
[
,
-
( ,
, . .),
,

A

()]
3
2
.
ASYCUDA
Automated System for Customs Data
[UNCTAD]
ASYCUDA;

[
.

.

.
-
2004

]

[ ,
]
3
3
.
assessment of duties and taxes

[determination of the amount of duties and
taxes payable]
3
4
.
ATA carnet
[International Customs document (Admission
Temporaire/Temporary Admission) which,
issued under the terms of the ATA
Convention (1961), incorporates an
internationally valid guarantee and may be
used, in lieu of national Customs documents
and as security for import duties and taxes,
to cover the temporary admission of goods
and, where appropriate, the transit of goods.
If accepted for controlling the temporary
export and reimport of goods, international
guarantee does not apply]

[ ,

(1961 ),

,
, ;

,

]
3
5
.
ATA Convention
[the expression commonly used to refer the
Customs Convention on the ATA carnet for
the temporary admission of goods (ATA
Convention) adopted by the Customs Cooperation Council of Brussels in 1961]
[
1961 ]
attached to frontier trade (Cus)

[ ,
A

,
]
3
7
.
audit-based control (Cus)

[measures by which the Customs satisfy
themselves as to the accuracy and
authenticity of declarations through the
examination of the relevant books, records,
business systems and commercial data held
by persons concerned]

()
[ ,
,

,
,

,
]
3
8
.
authentication
3
9
.
authorized trader
4
0
.
Automated Brokerage Interface (ABI)

[an electronic system allowing Customs
brokers and importers to interface via
computer with the U.S. Customs Service to
transmit entry and enter summary data on
imported merchandise]

[

,
, ,

]
4
1
.
Automated Manifest System (AMS)

[an electronic system allowing a manifest
inventory to be transmitted to the U.S.
Customs Service data center by carrier, port
authority or service center computers]

(
)
[

,
,

A
]
4
2
.
automatic licensing
[import licensing where approval of the
application is granted in all cases, and is not
administered in such a manner as to have
restricting effects on imports subject to
automatic licensing]

[

,
. ,
,

.
,

.

,
.

()
]
4
3
.
Automated System for Customs Data (see

ASYCUDA)

()
4
4
.
Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI)
4
5
.
average adjuster
[when used in connection with marine
insurance, the term means one who
investigates and apportions general average
losses on behalf of ship owners]
,

[

]
4
6
.
average clearance time (Cus)
(.)
4
7
.
average release time (Cus)
(.)
B
bank for foreign trade

[
( ),

,

]
4
9
.
banking instructions
5
0
.
barcode (bar code)

[A series of bars and spaces encoded to
correspond to alpha-numeric characters.
Barcodes are designed to be read by
scanners and converted into data]

[A series of bars and spaces encoded to
correspond to alpha-numeric characters.
Barcodes are designed to be read by
scanners and converted into data]
5
1
.
Basic Semantic Register;

BSR [UN/CEFACT]
;
[ ]
5
2
.
Basic Semantic Unit;

BSU [UN/CEFACT]
;
[ ]
5
3
.
berth operator
5
4
.
bill of exchange
[an unconditional order in writing from one
person (the drawer) to another (the drawee),
directing the drawee to pay a specified
amount to a named drawer at a fixed or
determinable future date]
[ ,

(,
)

(, )
()

]
5
5
bill of lading (B/L)

[document which evidences a contract of
[,
4
8
.
B
carrier by sea and the taking over or loading
of goods by the carrier, and by which the
carrier undertakes to deliver the goods
against surrender of the document.
A
provision in the document that the goods are
to be delivered to the order of a named
person, or to order, or to bearer, consitutes
such
an
undertaking.
(UnitedNations
Conference of the Carriage of Goods by
Sea) Remark: In certain countries, e.g.
Canada and the United States of America,
the term "bill of lading" is used to represent a
"negotiable bill of lading]

;

,

, ,
(

). :
,
,
""
"
"]
5
6
.
binding; bound
[See tariff binding]
5
7
.
block train (railway service)
5
8
.
bogie exchange station ;

transfer station

[ (
- )]
5
9
.
bond
[an undertaking in due legal form, by which a
person binds himself to the Customs to do or
not to do some specific act]
[,
]
6
0
.
bonded cargo

[ ,

.

,
,
B

]
6
1
.
bonded goods
[goods held at the border at a Customs or
other special store as a guarantee until tariff
is paid]
,
[,

]
6
2
.
bonded port
[port with a Customs office / store]

[, ]
6
3
.
bonded storage
[storing goods at a Customs store]
6
4
.
bonded store
[see ustoms warehouse]

;

;

6
5
.
bonded transport regime
6
6
.
bonded warehouse
[a warehouse authorized by Customs
authorities for storage of goods on which
payment of duties is deferred until the goods
are removed]
;
[ ,
,
, ..

.
,
.

.
,

,
]
B
6
7
.
booking confirmation
[document issued by a carrier to confirm that
space has been reserved for a consignment
in means of transport. (UN/ECE/FAL)]
[,
,
(
/)]
6
8
.
booking reference
6
9
.
booking request
[document issued by a supplier to a carrier
requesting space to be reserved for a
specified consignment, indicating desirable
conveyance, despatch time, etc.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,
. . ( /)]
7
0
.
border control

[
.
:
, -,
,
,

]
7
1
.
border procedures
7
2
.
border protection
[any measure which acts to restrain imports
at point of entry]
7
3
.
bordereau
[document used in road transport, listing the
cargo carried on a road vehicle, often
referring to appended copies of Road
consignment note. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[ ,

, ,
,

]
;
[
,
,
,
B

( /)]
7
4
.
budgetary efficiency of import

[ ,

, ]
7
5
.
bulk
7
6
.
bulk cargo
, ,

7
7
.
bulk carrier

( )
7
8
.
Business Process
[structured, measured set of activities
designed to produce a specific output for a
particular customer or market. It implies a
strong emphasis on how work is done within
an organization (UN/CEFACT)]
; ;

[,c

.

,
]
7
9
.
Business Process and information

Modeling; BPIM, (UN/CEFACT)
8
0
.
Business Process Specification Schema;

BPSS (UN/CEFACT)
8
1
.
buyers credit
[a financial arrangement in which a bank or
financial institution, or an export credit
agency in the exporting country, extends a
loan directly to a foreign buyer or to a bank in
the importing country to pay for the purchase

[ ,

.
8
2
.
of goods and services from the exporting

country. Also known as financial credit this
term does not refer to credit extended
directly from the buyer to the seller (for
example, through advance payment for
goods and services)]
80-85%

]
buying agent
[an agent who purchases goods in his or her
own country on behalf of foreign importers
such as government agencies and large
private concerns]

[,

]
C
C&F
[a quoted price that includes cost of goods
and freight]

[
,

,

8
4
.
C&I
[a quoted price that includes cost of goods
and insurance]

[ ,
,

,

]
8
5
.
cabotage (air)
[cargo carried on what is essentially a
domestic flight and therefore not subject to
international agreements that fix set rates.
Cabotage rates are negotiable between
shipper and airline and apply on flights within
a country and to its overseas territories]
()
[ ,

.

.

]
8
6
.
calling forward notice

[instructions for release or delivery of goods
(UN/ECE/FAL)]
-
[
( /)]
8
7
.
capacity-building
[raising the level of ones skills]
8
8
.
capacity charge
[payment (tariff) for specific power]
()
8
9
.
capacity load; maximum load
8
3
.
C
9
0
.
cargo
[merchandise/commodities/freight carried by
means of transportation]
[, , ,
]
9
1
.
cargo declaration
[a generic term, sometimes referred to as
freight declaration, applied to the documents
providing the particulars required by the
Customs concerning the cargo (freight)
carried by commercial means of transport]
[,

(),
]
9
2
.
Cargo Declaration
[the basic document on arrival and departure
providing information required by public
authorities relating to cargo (Convention on
Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic,
London, 1965)]

[ ,

(, 1965 )
,
,

( ) ]
9
3
.
cargo handling organization
9
4
.
cargo insurance
[an inland marine or ocean marine policy
covering cargo in the care, custody, or
control of the carrier]

[ , .

.
,
,

,

]
9
5
.
cargo load
[carrying capacity]
9
6
cargo manifest
load manifest
cargo waybill

[,
, ,
C
[a listing of the goods comprising the cargo
(freight) carried in a means of transport or in
a transport-unit. The cargo manifest which
gives the commercial particulars of the
goods, such as transport document
numbers, consignors, consignees, marks
and numbers, number and kind of packages,
descriptions and quantities of the goods,
may be used in place of the cargo
declaration. Note: Examples of cargo
manifests are aircraft cargo manifests, ships
manifests, goods manifests and
"bordereaux" (road traffic)]
-
;

,
,

, ,
,
]
9
7
.
cargo receipt
[a receipt of cargo for shipment by a
consolidator (used in ocean freight)]
;

[,

]
9
8
.
cargo reports
(?)
9
9
.
carriage by air
1
0
0
.
arriage by sea [sea shipping]
1
0
1
.
carriage way [traffic way]
1
0
2
.
carrier (road transport)

[any natural or legal person, registered in the
territory of one of the Parties and admitted to
carrying out the international road transport
of goods or passengers in accordance with
(
)
[
,

C
the national legislation in force]
1
0
3
.
carrier identification
1
0
4
.
carrier name
1
0
5
.
cartage order (local transport)

[document giving instructions regarding local
transport of goods, e.g. from the premises of
an enterprise to those of a carrier
undertaking further transport. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
,
,
,
( /)]
1
0
6
.
carrier permit
[authorization for transportations]
1
0
7
.
carriers repair
[maintenance of vehicles]
1
0
8
.
cash against document;

CAD
[payment for goods in which house, or other
intermediary, transfers title documents to the
buyer upon payment in cash]
[]
[ ,

]
1
0
cash in advance; C.I.A.

[payment for goods for which the price is
;
[ ,
C
paid in full before shipment is made. This
method is usually used only for small
purchases or when the goods are built to
order]
1
1
0
.
cash on delivery; C.O.D.

[a transaction in which goods are paid for in
full in cash or by certified check immediately
when they are received by the buyer]

[a transaction in which goods are paid for in
full in cash or by certified check immediately
when they are received by the buyer]
1
1
1
.
cash on delivery amount
1
1
2
.
cash with order;

CWO
[a method of payment for goods where cash
is paid at the time of order and the
transaction becomes binding on both buyer
and seller]
C.C.E.F.; Customs Centralized
Examination Facility

[ ,

]
1
1
4
.
certificate of analysis
COA
[a certificate required by some countries as
proof of the quality and composition of good
products or pharmaceuticals. The
requirement analysis may be made by a
private or government health agency. The
certificate must be legalized by a foreign
consul of the country concerned, as is the
case with such similar certificates as the
phytosanitory certificate]
c ;
c
;
[, ,

.

.

,
]
1
1
5
certificate of inspection
[a document certifying [by an independent
agent] that the goods were in apparent good
c [,
]
[,
1
1
3
.
C
condition immediately prior to shipment]
,

]
1
1
6
.
certificate of manufacture
[a statement in which a producer specifies
where his goods were manufactured,
certifies that manufacturing has been
completed, and confirms that the goods are
at the buyer's disposal]

[, ,

]
1
1
7
.
certificate of origin
C/O; COO
[a specific document identifying goods, in
which the authority or body authorized to
issue it certifies expressly that the goods to
which the certificate relates originate in a
specific country. The word "country" may
include a group of countries, a region or a
part of a country. This certificate may also
include a declaration by the manufacturer,
producer, supplier, exporter or other
competent person. COO is typically issued
by national chambers of commerce following
the model of the International Chamber of
Commerce (ICC)]
c
[ ,

,
, ,
,
,
;

, ,
,
.
,

()]
1
1
8
.
certification
[

,
,
,
.

,
,
,
.

C
,
,

. -

]
1
1
9
.
certified declaration of origin

[a declaration of origin certified by authority
or body empowered to do so (Annex D.2. to
the Kyoto Convention of 1974 and Specific
Annex K, Chapters 2 and 3 of the revised
Kyoto Convention)]

[ ,

,
( D.2
]
1
2
0
.
chargeable weight
1
2
1
.
charges
1
2
2
.
charter party bill of lading

[a bill of lading issued under a charter party.
It is not acceptable by banks under letters of
credit unless so authorized in the credit]
;
-
[,
, . . ,
,
-;

,

,

;

,

]
1
2
checking the goods declaration

[action taken by the Customs that satifies
C
them that the goods declaration is correctly
made out and that the required supporting
documents fulfil the prescribed conditions]
)
[ ,

,
]
1
2
4
.
CIF
Cost, insurance and freight
[it means that the seller delivers when the
goods pass the ships rail in the port of
shipment. The seller must pay the costs and
freight necessary to bring the goods to the
named port of destination but the risk of loss
or of damage to the goods, as well as any
additional costs due to events occurring after
the time of delivery, are transferred from the
seller to the buyer. (INCOTERMS 2000)]
,
[ ,
,
,
.
,

,
,
,
,

( 2000)]
1
2
5
.
CIF price
[the price of goods delivered at the frontier of
the importing country, including any
insurance and freight charges incurred up to
that point, or the price of a service delivered
to a resident, prior to the payment of any
import duties or other taxes on imports or
trade and transport margins within the
country]

[
,
,

.
,

, , ,
.

]
1
2
6
.
CIF re-sale contract
,

[
,
.

:
C
, , .

.

]
1
2
7
.
CIM consignment note

[see rail consignment note]

[. ]
1
2
8
.
classification (Cus)
[the placement of an item under the correct
number in the Customs tariff for duty
purposes. At times this procedure becomes
highly complicated; it is not uncommon for
importers to resort to litigation over the
correct duty to be assessed by the Customs
on a given item]
1
2
9
.
claused bill of lading

[bill of lading that contains a notation
indicating that either the packaging or the
merchandise is damaged.]

[,
/ ]
1
3
0
.
clean bill of lading

[bill of lading which covers goods received in
"apparent good order and condition" and
without qualification]

[, ,

, . .

]
1
3
1
.
clean draft
[draft to which no documents have been
attached]
;

[ ,
-
;

,
]
C
1
3
2
.
clearance certificate
1
3
3
.
clearance document
1
3
4
.
clearance of goods
[the accomplishment of the Customs
formalities necessary to allow goods to enter
home use, to be exported or to be replaced
under another Customs procedure]
;

[
,
,
()
.

,
,
,
,
() ;
() .

.. ]
1
3
5
.
CMR onsignment Note

[legal contractual document between a
consignor, a road transport operator and
consignee, which standardizes the
conditions governing the contract for
international road transport, particularly with
respect to documents to be used and the
carriers liability with the aim of facilitating
international road transport and international
trade. To use the CMR note, at least one of
the countries involved in the international
transport (of origin or of destination) should
be a Contracting Party to the CMR
Convention]
-
[ ,

,
,

,

.

(
)

C
().

,
: , ,
,
, ,
, .

.

,
,
]
1
3
6
.
code of conduct
[voluntary guidelines for business behavior
(or treatment of workers)]

[voluntary guidelines for business behavior
(or treatment of workers)]
1
3
7
.
collection order
[document whereby a bank is instructed (or
requested) to handle financial and/or
commercial documents in order to obtain
acceptance and/or payment, or to deliver
documents on such other terms and
conditions as may be specified (ICC Uniform
Rules for Collections)]

[,
( )
,
]
1
3
8
.
collective paper
[all documents (commercial invoices, bills of
lading, etc.) submitted to a buyer for the
purpose of receiving payment for a shipment]

[ ,

]
1
3
9
.
combinating transit duty
[ ,

]
1
4
0
combined transport
[intermodal transport where the major part of
the European journey is by rail, inland
waterways or sea and any initial and/or final

[ ,

,
C
legs carried out by road are as short as
possible]

,
,
,
]
1
4
1
.
ommercial ode
[published code designed to reduce the total
number of words required in a cablegram]

[ :
,
,

,
,

]
1
4
2
.
commercial convoy
[goods traffic by a number of trucks]

[
]
1
4
3
.
commercial invoice
[document claiming payment for goods
supplied under conditions agreed between
seller and buyer. (UN/ECE/FAL)]
;

[,
,
,
(
/)]
1
4
4
.
Common Business Language; CBL

[UN/CEFACT]
1
4
5
.
common carrier
[a firm or individual that transports persons
or goods for compensation]
;

;

;

;
[
,
,
C
]
1
4
6
.
compensation agreement

[

.

]
1
4
7
.
compliance shipping label
1
4
8
.
onditions of warehousing
1
4
9
.
confirmed letter of credit

[a letter of credit, issued by a foreign bank,
with validity confirmed by a (buyers) bank.
An exporter who requires a confirmed letter
of credit from the buyer is assured of
payment by the (buyers) bank even if the
foreign buyer or the foreign bank defaults]

[,
( ),

( )]
1
5
0
.
conformity assessment procedures

[any procedure used, directly or indirectly, to
determine that a technical regulation or
standard has been fulfilled]

[,

]
1
5
1
.
consignee
[the individual or company to whom a seller
or sipper sends merchandise and who, upon
presentation of necessary documents, is
recognized as the merchandise owner for the
purpose of declaring and paying Customs
duties]
() ;
;
[ ,

] ;
[,
,
] ;
C
[ ,
]
1
5
2
.
consignee mark
[a symbol stamped on packages for
identification purposes; generally consisting
of a triangle, square, circle, diamond, cross,
with letters and/or numbers together with
port of discharge]
[]
[,

; .
( , , ,
) / ,
]
1
5
3
.
consignment
, , ,

1
5
4
.
consignment agreement
[a form of agreement, in which one party (the
seller) provides goods to another party (the
company) for sale by that company. The
Seller gets paid only after the Company has
sold the goods to an end-consumer
purchaser. The form of this agreement tends
to be pro-seller]

[
()
()

(
).
.

]
1
5
5
.
consignment document dispatch notice
1
5
6
.
consignment note
1
5
7
consignor
[a term used to describe any person who
consigns goods to himself or to another party
in a bill of lading or equivalent document. A
;
;
;
[ ,
C
consignor may be the owner of the goods, or
a freight forwarder who consigns goods on
behalf of his principal.]

; ,
.

,
]
1
5
8
.
consolidated shipment
[an arrangement whereby various shippers
pool their boxed goods on the same
shipment, sharing the total weight charge for
the shipment]

[,

,
]
1
5
9
.
consolidation of goods
[the grouping together of several compatible
consignments into a full container load. Also
referred to as grouping

[

]
1
6
0
.
consolidator
[an agent who brings together a number of
shipments bound for a single destination to
qualify for preferential airline rates]
;
,
[ ,
,

]
1
6
1
.
consular declaration
[a formal statement, made to the consul of a
foreign country, describing goods to be
shipped]

[
,
]
1
6
2
.
consular invoice
[a document to be prepared by an exporter in
his country and presented to a diplomatic
representation of the importing country for
endorsement and subsequently to be
presented by the importer in connection with
the import of the goods described therein.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

-

( /)]
1
6
3
consular transaction
C
1
6
4
.
container
[an article of transport equipment (lift-van,
movable tank or other similar structure)]
[ ,
(, )
,
,

]
1
6
5
.
container freight station;

CFS
[at loading port CFS means the location
designated by carriers for the receiving of
cargo to be packed into containers by the
carrier. At discharge ports, CFS means the
bonded location designated by carriers in the
port area for unpacking and delivery of
cargo.]
;
;
[
,

.
,

]
1
6
6
.
container manifest (unit packing list)

[document showing contents and loading
sequence of a container.]
(
)
[,

,

]
1
6
7
.
Container Security Initiative;

CSI
[the Container Security Initiative (CSI) was
launched in 2002 by the U.S. Bureau of
Customs and Border Protection (CBP), an
agency of the Department of Homeland
Security. Its purpose was to increase
security for container cargo shipped to the
United States. As the CBP puts it, the intent
is to "extend [the] zone of security outward
so that American borders are the last line of
defense, not the first" ]
[
2002 .
,
,

]
C
1
6
8
.
container terminal
[an area designated for the stowage of cargo
in containers, usually accessible by truck,
railroad, and marine transportation, where
containers are picked up, dropped off,
maintained, and housed (TRACECA)]

[,
,
,
,
, ,
(TRACECA)]
1
6
9
.
container yard
[a materials handling/storage facility used for
completely unitized loads in containers
and/or empty containers]

[ /
,

/ ]
1
7
0
.
containerization
1
7
1
.
containerized shipment;
container traffic
1
7
2
.
contract
[a document evidencing an agreement
between the seller and the buyer for the
supply of goods; its effects are equivalent to
those of an Order followed by an
Acknowledgement of order]
[,

;
,

( /)]
1
7
3
.
contract in foreign trade
;

[
,

.

- ,
, ,
,
, .

C

,
,
]
1
7
4
.
contract responsibility

[, -
.

,
, ]
1
7
5
.
Convention on Customs Treatment of

Pool Containers, 1994 [UNECE]

, 1994 . []
1
7
6
.
Convention on Harmonized Commodity

Description and Coding System [WCO]

;

[ ,

.

. 1988
.

]
1
7
7
.
conveyance of passengers;
carriage of passengers
1
7
8
.
COTIF
[Convention, Legal Agreement on Railway
Transportations]
COTIF
[,
]
1
7
Core omponents; CC

[ /-
C

,

]

1
8
0
.
country of destination
1
8
1
.
country of origin of goods

[country in which the goods have been
produced or manufactured, according to the
criteria laid down for the purposes of
application of the Customs tariff, of
quantitative restrictions or of any other trade.
Note: In this definition the word "country "
may include a group of countries, a region or
a part of a country]

[,

.
,
,
,

.

]
1
8
2
.
cover note
[document issued by an insurer (insurance
broker, agent, etc.) to notify the insured that
his insurance have been carried out.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]
[,
( , ..)
,

( /)]
1
8
3
.
CPD Carnet
[an international Customs document which
incorporates an internationally valid
guarantee and may be used, in lieu of
national Customs documents and as security
for import duties and taxes, to cover the
temporary admission of means of transport
and, where appropriate, the transit of means
of transport. It may be accepted for
controlling the temporary exportation and
reimportation of means of transport but, in
this case, the international guarantee does
not apply. Note: The CPD carnet is issued
under the terms of the Istanbul Convention
CPD
[ ,

,
,
.

,

.
: CPD
C
on the temporary importation of private road
vehicles, the Customs Convention on the
temporary importation for private use of
aircraft and pleasure boats]

,

,

]
1
8
4
.
credit advice
[a document or message sent by an accountservicing institution to one of his account
owners, to inform the account owner of an
entry which has been or will be credited to its
account for a specified amount on the date
indicated]
;
-
[ ,
,

,

- ,

]
1
8
5
.
crew member
[the master and any person occupied on
board a ship, with functions connected to the
steering, exploitation and servicing of the
vessel, and who is included in the crew list of
this vessel during the period of the voyage]

[ ,

, ,
,
]
1
8
6
.
cross-section of road
1
8
7
.
cubage
1
8
8
.
currency
[a medium of exchange of value to define by
reference to the geographical location of the
authorities responsible for it. A currency is
represented by a three-character ISO code]
[ ,

,
.
C

, ,

: , ,
..

e - ]
1
8
9
.
currency inspection

[

:

;
;

]
1
9
0
.
currency offenses

[
]
1
9
1
.
currency terms and conditions of a

contract

[,
:
; ;

; ,
]
1
9
2
.
Customs
[the Government Service which is
responsible for the administration of
Customs law and the collection of import and
export duties and taxes and which also has
responsibility for the application of other laws
and regulations relating, inter alia, to the
importation, transit and exportation of goods.
Note: This term is also used when referring
to any part of the Customs Service or its
main or subsidiary offices; this term is also
used adjectivally in connection with officials
[
( ,
, ),

,
,
,
,
,

C
of the Customs, import or export duties
control on goods, or any other matter within
the purview of the Customs (Customs officer,
Customs duties, Customs office, Customs
declaration)]

,

,
-
,
,

..;
,

,

.

,

,

, ,

( ),

]
1
9
3
.
Customs and documentation procedures
1
9
4
.
Customs applicant
[any person who makes a goods declaration
or in whose name such a declaration is
made]
[,
]
1
9
5
.
Customs approved route

[any road, railway, waterway and any other
route (pipeline, etc.) which, in accordance
with the Customs provisions of a State, must
be used for the importation, Customs transit
and exportation of goods]

[ ,
-
( ), ,

,
,
]
C
1
9
6
.
Customs area
[an area designated for storage of
commercial goods that have not yet cleared
Customs. It is surrounded by a customs
border]

[ ,

.
]
1
9
7
.
Customs barrier

[

]
1
9
8
.
Customs bonded warehouse

[a warehouse where imported goods may be
until the owner has not paid all duties or
taxes due]

[ ,

,

]
1
9
9
.
Customs border

[ ,

.

]
2
0
0
.
Customs broker
[an individual or company licensed by the
government to enter and clear goods through
Customs. The U.S. Customs Service defines
a Customs Broker, as any person who is
licensed in accordance with Part III of Title
19 of the Code of Federal Regulations
(Customs regulations) to transact Customs
business on behalf of others. Customs
business is limited to those activities
involving transactions with Customs
concerning the entry and admissibility of
merchandise; its classification and valuation;
the payment of duties, taxes, or other
charges assessed or collected by Customs
upon merchandise by reason of its
importation, or the refund, rebate, or
drawback thereof]

[ ,

,
,

]
C
2
0
1
.
Customs carrier

[
,
,

.

.
,
;
;

]
2
0
2
.
Customs Centralized Examination

Facility; C.C.E.F
2
0
3
.
Customs check;
Customs examination
[the process by which the customs
authorities inspect the goods identified in the
customs documents and confirm whether the
goods are the same as described in the
documents and whether the goods are
eligible for entry]

[ ,
,

: ,
;
, ,
, ;

,

]
2
0
4
.
Customs clearance
[
,
,
()
.

,
C
,
,
,
() ;
() .

]
2
0
5
.
Customs clearance charges
;

()
[ ,

(, ,
, ,
, ,

.),

. :

(
)

()
.
]
2
0
6
.
Customs clearance department
2
0
7
.
Customs clearance formalities
2
0
8
.
Customs Convention on Containers, 1972

[done in Geneva on 2.12.1972 under the
auspices of the United Nations and the
International Maritime Organization,
www.unece.org/trans/conventn/ccc_1972e.pd
f
,
1972 ., 2
1972.

C
2
0
9
.
Customs Convention on the International

Transport of Goods under Cover of TIR
Carnets;
TIR Convention [UNECE]

;
[ ]
2
1
0
.
Customs Conventions on Temporary

Importation of Commercial and Private
Road Vehicles (1954 and 1956) [UNECE]

(1954 1956 . )
[ ]
2
1
1
.
Customs control
[measures applied to ensure compliance with
the laws and regulations which the Customs
are responsible for enforcing. Note: The
measures may be general, e.g., in relation to
all goods entering the Customs territory, or
may be specifically related, to, e.g.: the
location of the goods (Customs surveillance
zone, etc.); the nature of the goods (liable to
a high rate of duty, etc.); the Customs
procedure applied to the goods (Customs
transit, etc.) (Kyoto Convention, Annex A.1)]

[
,

]
2
1
2
.
Customs convoy
2
1
3
.
Customs declaration
[any statement or action, in any form
prescribed or accepted by the Customs,
giving information or particulars required by
the Customs. Notes: This term include
declarations made through automatic data
processing and communication techniques.
This term also covers action required on the
part of passengers under the dual-channel
(red/green) system]

[

,
,
.

,
,
- ]
C
2
1
4
.
Customs delivery note

[document whereby a Customs authority
releases goods under its control to be
placed at the disposal of the party
concerned. Synonym: customs release
note. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

( /)]
2
1
5
.
Customs declaration (post parcels)

[document which, according to Article 106 of
the "Agreement concerning Postal Parcels"
under the UPU Convention, must
accompany post parcels and in which the
contents of such parcels are specified.
(UPU)]
(
)
[,
106 ",
",
,

()]
2
1
6
.
Customs examination/inspection
2
1
7
.
Customs examination painting

[ - ,

.
:
,
, ;
;
,
; .

]
2
1
8
.
Customs examination zone

[

,

,

,

]
C
2
1
9
.
Customs fee

[,
]
2
2
0
.
Customs facilities
[there are two meanings of the term:
[ - ,

,
, ,
, .

.
:

;

;
]
2
2
1
.
Customs formalities
[all the operations which must be carried out
by the person concerned and by the
Customs in order to comply with the statutory
or regulatory provisions which the Customs
are responsible for enforcing in connection
with the control of persons at the Customs
frontier and the clearance of baggage, goods
and means of transport at importation,
exportation and in transit. These formalities
may include those relating to phytosanitary,
veterinary, immigration, currency and
licensing regulations]
;
;

[
,
,
,

.
,
, ,
]
2
2
2
.
Customs formalities clearance

[

,
,
(a)
Customs preferences or
privileges (which is used in the

Revised Kyoto Convention) and
(b) Customs building, equipment, or
even narrower, offices, x-ray
locations etc.]
C
]
2
2
3
.
Customs formalities prior to the

lodgement of the goods declaration
[all the operations to be carried out by the
person concerned and by the Customs from
the time goods are introduced into the
Customs territory until goods are placed
under a Customs procedure (WCO]
,

[ ,

()]
2
2
4
.
Customs harmonization
[international efforts to increase the
uniformity of customs nomenclatures and
procedures in cooperating countries. The
Harmonized System, a uniform system of
tariff classification adopted by most major
trading countries in recent years, was one
such effort]

[

. ,

,

,
]
2
2
5
.
Customs house
( )
[ ,
,

]
2
2
6
.
Customs immediate release declaration
[document issued by an importer notifying

Customs that goods have been removed
from an importing means of transport to the
importer's premises under a Customsapproved arrangement for immediate
release, or requesting authorization to do so
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,

,
,
,

,

(
/)]
C
2
2
7
.
Customs infringement of a law;

customs offense
[any breach, or attempted breach, of
Customs law ( Nairobi Convention and
Annex H.2. to the Kyoto Convention of 1974
and Specific Annex H, Chapter 1 of the
revised Kyoto Convention) (WCO)]

[
]
2
2
8
.
Customs invoice
[document required by the Customs in an
importing country in which an exporter states
the invoice or other price (e.g. selling price,
price of identical goods), and specifies costs
for freight, insurance and packing, etc., terms
of delivery and payment, for the purpose of
determining the Customs value in the
importing country of goods consigned to that
country. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
,

(, ,
)
, , . .,

,
(
/)]
2
2
9
.
Customs law;
Customs statute
[the statutory and regulatory provisions
relating to the importation, exportation,
movement or storage of goods, the
administration and enforcement of which are
specifically charged to the customs, and any
regulations made by the customs under their
statutory powers]

[
,
: ,
,
.

]
2
3
0
.
Customs office
[customs administrative unit competent for
the performance of customs formalities, and
the premises or other areas approved for
that purpose by the competent authorities]

[ ,

;
,

]
2
3
1
.
Customs paper

[,

]
C
2
3
2
.
customs payment

[ , ,
,
, ,

]
2
3
3
.
Customs policy

[ ,

]
2
3
4
.
Customs procedure
[treatment applied by the Customs to goods
which are subject to Customs control. Notes:
The reference to "goods" includes means of
transport]

[ ,

,

,

]
2
3
5
.
Customs regime;
Customs regulation

[ - , ,
.
-
- ,

,
]
2
3
6
.
Customs seal
[an assembly consisting of a seal and a
fastening which are joined together in a
secure manner. Customs seals are affixed in
connection with certain Customs procedures
(Customs transit, in particular) generally to
prevent or to draw attention to any
unauthorized interface with the sealed items.
Note: Customs seals are generally affixed to
packages, containers, load compartments of
means of transport, etc. They may also be
used as means of identification of goods
;

[,
,
.

( ,
)

-

. :
C
themselves]

, ,
..

]
2
3
7
.
Customs statute
2
3
8
.
Customs system

[

,
]
2
3
9
.
Customs tariff ;
duty rate
[tax on the importation of particular goods. It
is charged by a national government and
payable to it when the item/good crosses the
nations customs boundary. It is also
important to note that in some cases there
are tariffs on exported items. Nations have
tariff schedules that show an absolute
amount of duty to be paid on a variety of
imported items/goods. The tariff schedule of
destination countries will be essential data
for the project]

[ ,
,

]
2
4
0
.
Customs terminal

[,

,

]
2
4
1
.
Customs territory
[the territory in which uniform customs law,
tariff and other measures regulating foreign
trade activity are in force; the Revised Kyoto
Convention defines it as: The territory in
which the Customs law of a State applies in
full]

[,

,

.

C
,

.
:
,

.

, ,

]
2
4
2
.
CustomsTrade Partnership Against

Terrorism; C-TPAT
[security initiative in the USA]
-
;
-
;
[,

11 2001 .
,

]
2
4
3
.
Customs transit
[customs procedure under which goods are
transported under Customs control from one
Customs office to another]

[ ,

.

,

]
2
4
4
.
Customs transit document
C
2
4
5
.
Customs union
[a free trade area with a common external
tariff. The participant countries set up
common external trade policy, but in some
cases they use different import quotas.
Common competition policy is also helpful to
avoid competition deficiency]

[

,

,
.
,
,

.

( XXIV 1994)]
2
4
6
.
Customs valuation

[
.
,
.

( ,

,
, ,

). ,
,

VII -1994
(
)]
2
4
7
.
Customs value
[the value of a product or a group of products
expressed in monetary terms, within a
consignment presented to Customs for the
assessment of duty and for statistical
reasons]

[ ,

,
,

,
,
C
,

.

, ,
]
2
4
8
.
Customs warehouse

[
,
.
(
)
(
).
,

.,
,

( ,
)]
D
dangerous goods (road transport)
[goods considered as dangerous according to
the European Agreement concerning the
International Carriage of Dangerous Goods
by Road (ADR) of 1957]
(
)
[,

]
2
5
0
.
dangerous goods declaration

[document issued by a consignor in
accordance with applicable conventions
or regulations, describing hazardous
goods or materials for transport
purposes, and stating that the latter
have been packed and labelled in
accordance with the provisions of the
relevant conventions or regulations.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,

,

( /)]
2
5
1
.
dangerous goods details
2
5
2
.
Dangerous Goods Requirement; DGR
2
5
3
.
data element
2
5
4
.
date of delivery
2
4
9
.
D
2
5
5
.
date of issue
2
5
6
.
data usability
2
5
7
.
dead freight
[freight charges paid by the charter of vessel
for the contracted space, which is left partially
unoccupied]

[ ,

]
2
5
8
.
decision
[the individual act by which the customs
decide upon a matter relating to customs law]
()
[ ,
,

]
2
5
9
.
declarant
[any natural or legal person who makes a
Customs declaration or in whose name such
a declaration is made. Notes: In some
countries, the term "declarant" is confined to
the persons who actually makes a Customs
declaration; in some countries, the declarant
is any natural or legal person who makes a
Customs declaration whether in his own
behalf, or in the name of another natural or
legal person, or in his own name but on
behalf of another natural or legal person]
[,
,
, (),
2
6
0
.
declaration on arrival or departure

[any declaration required to be made or
produced to the Customs authorities upon the
arrival or departure of a means of transport by
the person responsible for the means of
transport or his agent and containing the
necessary particulars relating to the means of
transport and to the journey, cargo, stores,
crew or passengers]

;

[,

,

.

,
D
,
]
2
6
1
.
declaration of origin
[appropriate statement as to the origin of the
goods, made in connection with their
exportation by the manufacturer, producer,
supplier, exporter or other competent person
on the Commercial Invoice or any other
document relating to the goods (WCO, Annex
D.2, Kyoto Convention)]

[
,
,
, ,

,
(, D.2
)]
2
6
2
.
Declaration on Global Electronic

Commerce
[WTO]
[
- (,
1998 ).

.

(Trade in
Information Technologies Products (ITA)),

-
(, 1996 ).

(,
, ,
) 1 2000
0 61 -
.

,

,

]
2
6
3
deductions
D
2
6
4
.
deferred payment credit

deferred payment letter of credit
[type of letter of credit providing for payment
some time after presentation of shipping
documents by exporter]
2
6
5
.
Delivered At Frontier; DAF

[Seller makes the goods, cleared for export,
available at the named place on the frontier.
Suitable for rail/road transport (INCOTERMS 2000)].
2
6
6
.
Delivered Duty Paid; DDP

[it means that the seller delivers the goods to
the buyer, cleared for import, and not
unloaded from any arriving means of trasport
at the named place of destinatio. The seller
has to bear all the costs and risks involved in
bringing the goods thereto including, where
applicable, and duty (which term includes
the responsibility for and risk of the carrying
out Customs formalities and the payment of
formalities, Customs duties, taxes and other
charges) for import in the country of
destination (INCOTERMS 2000)]

[ ,

.
,
, (
)
(

,
,
, )
( 2000)]
2
6
7
.
Delivered Duty Unpaid; DDU

[it means that the seller delivers the goods to
the buyer, not cleared for import, and not
unloaded from any arrivind means of
transport at the named destination. The seller
has to bear the costs and risks involved in
bringing the goods thereto, other that, where
applicable, any duty (which term includes

[ ,

.
,

()
[,

,
;

D
the responsibility for and risk of the carrying
out Customs formalities and the payment of
formalities, Customs duties, taxes and other
charges) for import in the country of
destination. Such duty has to be borne by
the buyer as well as any costs and risks
caused by his failure to clear the goods for
import in time (INCOTERMS 2000)]
,
( )
,
(

,

, ,
).

,
, ,

( 2000)]
2
6
8
.
Delivered Ex Quay
goods are placed at the disposal of a buzzer
not cleared for import on the quay (wharf) at
the named port of destination. The seller has
to bear costs and risks involved in bringing
the goods to the named port of destination
and discharging the goods on the quay
(wharf). The DEQ term requires the buyer to
clear the goods for importation and to pay for
all formalities, duties, taxes and other charges
upon import (INCOTERMS 2000)]

[ ,
,
,
,

.
,

.
DEQ

,
,
( 2000)]
2
6
9
.
delivery instructions
[document issued by a buyer giving
instruction regarding the details of the delivery
of goods ordered (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

( /)]
2
7
0
.
delivery release
[document issued by a buyer releasing the
despatch of goods after receipt of a ready for
despatch advise from the seller
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[ ,

(
/)]
D
2
7
1
.
delivery order
[document issued by a party entitled to
authorize the release of goods specified
therein to a named consignee, to be retained
by the custodian of the goods (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,

,

( /)]
2
7
2
.
delivery notice (goods)

[notification in writing, sent by the carrier to
the sender, to inform him at his request of the
actual date of delivery of the goods. (GIT)]
()
[ ,

()]
2
7
3
.
demurrage
[the agreed sum payable for delay beyond the
time stipulated]
[,
, ]
2
7
4
.
description of goods
2
7
5
.
despatch advice
[document by means of which the seller or
consignor informs the consignee about the
despatch of goods. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

( /)]
2
7
6
.
despatch order
[document issued by a supplier initiating the
despatch of goods to a buyer (consignee.)
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,

() ( /)]
2
7
7
.
despatch note (post parcels)

[document which, according to Article 106 of
theAgreement concerning Postal parcels
under the UPU Convention, is to accompany
Post parcels (UPU)]
(
)
[,
106 ",
",
D
,
()]
2
7
8
.
Destination Control Statement; DCS

[a statement made by the exporter or
consignor that must be entered on the
invoice, and bill of lading, air waybill, or other
export control document that accompanies
the shipment to its ultimate consignee or enduser abroad]
[,
-,

,
,
,

]
2
7
9
.
destination station
2
8
0
.
discrimination in trade

[ ,
,
,
,
]
2
8
1
.
diversification of routes
2
8
2
.
dock receipt
[when cargo is delivered to a steamship
company at the pier, the receiving clerk
issues a dock receipt]

[,

;
;

,

]
D
2
8
3
.
document
[any medium designed to carry and actually
carrying a record of data entries, it includes
magnetic tapes and disks, microfilms, etc.]
[ ,
, ,
]
2
8
4
.
Document Against Acceptance D/A

[instructions given by a shipper to a bank
indicating that documents transferring title
goods should be delivered to the buyer (or
drawee) only upon the buyer's acceptance of
the attached draft]

[
]
2
8
5
.
document management
[management of documents circulation]
2
8
6
.
documentary evidence of origin

[a certificate of origin, a certified declaration of
origin or declaration of origin]
[ ,

]
2
8
7
.
document type definition; DTD

[in XML (UN/CEFACT)]
2
8
8
.
documentary (letter of) credit

documentary credit
[document in which a bank states that it has
issued a documentary credit under which the
beneficiary is to obtain payment, acceptance
or negotiation on compliance with certain
terms and conditions and against
presentation of stipulated documents and
such drafts as may be specified. The credit
may or may not be confirmed by another
bank. (UN/ECE/FAL)]
()
[, ,
,

,

,
,
( /)]
D
2
8
9
.
documentary credit application

[document whereby a bank is requested to
issue a documentary credit (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,
( /)]
2
9
0
.
Doha Round of WTO Negotiations;

Millennium Round

[ -

.

-
2001
(). 2005 .

]
2
9
1
.
Doha Work Programme
,
[ ,
,
2001 ,

,
,

, ,
]
2
9
2
.
door-to-door delivery
2
9
3
.
draft of exchange
[see bill of exchange]
2
9
4
.
drawback
[amount of import duties and taxes repaid
under the drawback procedure]

[
]
D
2
9
5
.
drawback procedure
[Customs procedure which, when goods are
exported, provides for a refund (total or
partial) to be made in respect of the import
duties and taxes charged on the goods, or on
materials contained in them or used up in
their production. (WCO)]

[ ,

,

]
2
9
6
.
drawee
[the individual or firm on whom a draft is
drawn and who owes the stated amount to
the drawer]
[,
(.. ,
).

]
2
9
7
.
due date
[the date when payment of duties and taxes is
due]
2
9
8
.
duties and taxes

[import duties and taxes and/or export duties
and taxes]
2
9
9
.
duty on import

[ ,

.

,

,

]
E
ebXML; Electronic Business XML initiative
[project of UN/CEFACT for interoperable ebusiness solutions; even if the eXtensible
Markup Language (XML) is mentioned in the
title, the project is technology neutral]
ebXML
[

]
3
0
1
.
electronic business
e-business
[connecting the computer systems of two or
more independent organizations/agencies/
firms into a dependent relationship. This is a
shift in business practice, where the
facilitation of business processes and the
opportunities offered by information and
communication technologies (ICT) converge.
In international trade e-business can mean
integrating the electronic exchange of
information into interoperable systems, and is
considered as part of international trade
facilitation]
;

[

//,

.
,

.

]
3
0
2
.
electronic commerce
[the production, advertising, sale and
distribution of products via
telecommunications networks]

[

,
.
]
3
0
3
.
EDIFACT;
UN/EDIFACT (Electronic Data Interchange
for Administration, Commerce and
Transport)
[Electronic Data Interchange for
Administration, Commerce and Transport,
from the UN-backed electronic data
interchange standards body, to create
electronic versions of common business
documents that will work on a global scale.
One digital document under consideration,
the International Forwarding and Transport
Message will do the jobs of six different
[
,
.

.

.
,

, .
3
0
0
.
E
electronic messages currently in use]

,

, ,

.

,
(UN Electronic
Data Interchange for Administration,
Commerce and Transport )]
3
0
4
.
lectronic Data Interchange; EDI
3
0
5
.
Electronic Data Interchange for

Administration, Commerce and Transport;
UN/ Electronic Business
[see EDIFACT]

,
;

3
0
6
.
Electronic Business XML initiative

[see ebXML]
3
0
7
.
Electronic PostMark; EPM

[UPU standard for electronic signatures]
3
0
8
.
enquiry
[document issued by a party interested in the
purchase of goods specified therein and
indicating particulars, desirable conditions
regarding delivery terms, etc., addressed to a
prospective supplier with a view to obtaining
an offer (UN/ECE/FAL)]
[, ,

,
,
. .,

( /)]
E
3
0
9
.
European Agreement concerning the

International Carriage of Dangerous
Goods by Road; ADR
[UNECE]

;
[ ]
3
1
0
.
European Agreement on Main International

Railway Lines; AGC

/ ;
3
1
1
.
Everything But Arms; EBA

[European Union initiative for trade
development]
", "
[
]
3
1
2
.
examination of goods
[the physical inspection of goods by the
Customs to satisfy themselves that the
nature, origin, condition, quantity and value of
the goods are in accordance with the
particulars furnished in the Goods declaration]
()
[

,
,
,

]
3
1
3
.
exchange control declaration (export)

[document completed by an exporter/seller as
a means whereby the competent body may
control that the amount of foreign exchange
accrued from a trade transaction is
repatriated in accordance with the conditions
of payment and exchange control regulations
in force (UN/ECE/FAL)]

()
[,
/,

,
,

( /)]
E
3
1
4
.
exchange control declaration (import)

[document completed by an importer/buyer as
a means for the competent body to control
that a trade transaction for which foreign
exchange has been allocated has been
executed and that money has been
transferred in accordance with the conditions
of payment and the exchange control
regulations in force. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

()
[ /
,

,
,

(
/)]
3
1
5
.
exit regulations
3
1
6
.
expedited procedures for express

shipment
3
1
7
.
exportation
[the act of taking any goods out of the
Customs territory (WCO)]
[
]
3
1
8
.
export agent
[an intermediary who acts on behalf of a
company to open up or develop a market in a
foreign country. Export agents are often paid
a commission on all sales and may have
exclusive rights in a particular geographic
area]
;

[ ,

]
3
1
9
.
export broker
[the individual who brings together buyer and
seller for a fee, eventually withdrawing from
any transaction]

[ ,

,
,
,
E
. .]
3
2
0
.
export clearance
3
2
1
.
export control

[ -
,

.

.

:

;

..]
3
2
2
.
export declaration
[also known as the shipper's export
declaration (SED), this is a document
describing the complete particulars of a
specific shipment. It is required by the
Department of Commerce in order to control
exports and for statistical purposes]

()
[,

,

, , , ,

;
,

]
3
2
3
.
export duties and taxes

[Customs duties and all other duties, taxes or
charges which are collected on or in
connection with the exportation of goods, but
not including any charges which are limited in
amount to the approximate cost of services
rendered or collected by the Customs on
behalf of another national authority]
E
3
2
4
.
export factoring

[ -

]
3
2
5
.
export financing

[ ,

,

]
3
2
6
.
export financing credit

[
,
]
3
2
7
.
export guarantee

[
,

.
:
,
]
3
2
8
.
export leasing

[,

-,

]
3
2
9
.
export license
[document granting permission to export
goods as detailed within a specific time.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

( /)]
3
3
0
export licence application

[application for permission to export specified
goods of a specified value to a specific
destination. (UN/ECE/FAL)]
E
( /)]
3
3
1
.
export of goods
;

[ , (technology)
(services)
.

:

;

; (
)

; ;

, ,
..;
,
, ..;
;

]
3
3
2
.
export price calculation

[ ,

.

]
3
3
3
.
Export Processing Zone; EPZ
E
3
3
4
.
export trading company

[a corporation or other business unit
organized and operated primarily for the
purpose of exporting goods and services, or
of providing export related services to other
companies]
,
;

[,
]
3
3
5
.
export transaction

[ ,

, ]
3
3
6
.
export / import licence

[document issued by the competent body in
accordance with import regulations in force,
by which authorisation is granted to a named
party to import either a limited quantity of
designated articles, or an unlimited quantity of
such articles during a limited period, under
conditions specified in the document]
/
[,

/

.
,
.

/]
3
3
7
.
export-import tax
/
[ ,

.

.
-

,

,
,
]
3
3
8
.
express carrier
E
3
3
9
.
express delivery service
3
4
0
.
eXtensible Mark-up Language;

XML

[

,
. XML

(
),
,

(, XHTML),
. XML
,

.
XML

,
]
3
4
1
.
Ex Works;
EXW
[it means that the seller delivers when he
places the goods at the disposal of the buyer
at the sellers premises or another named
place (i.e. works, factoriy, warehouse, etc.)
not cleared for export and not loaded on any
collecting vehicule (INCOTERMS 2000)]
-
[ ,

,

(: , ,
..).

,
( 2000)]
F
3
4
2
.
3
4
3
.
FCA {+ the named point of departure};

free carrier
[it means that the seller delivers the goods,
cleared for export, to the carrier nominated
by the buyer at the named place. It should be
noted that the chosen place has an imact on
the obligations of loading and unloading the
goods at that place. If delivery occurs at any
other place, the seller is not responsible for
unloading. This term may be used
irrespective of the mode of transport,
including multimodal transport. Carrier
means any person who, in contract of
carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure
the performance of transport by rail, road,
air, sea, inland waterway or by a combinating
of such modes. (INCOTERMS 2000)]

[ ,

. ,

.
,
.
,

.

,
.
,

,
, ,

.
( 2000)]
fees and formalities related to importation

and exportation

[ VIII -1994 (
,
)
,

,

.
,
,
( )

,

.

,
F

.

,
.

,

. -

]
3
4
4
.
ferry-liner shipment
-
[ .
,
,

-.

,
]
3
4
5
.
financial integrity
(
)
3
4
6
.
firms representative

[ ,

]
3
4
7
.
fiscal transit duty

[ ,

]
F
3
4
8
.
flat-rate tariff
;

[ ,

(FIATA)]
3
4
9
.
foreign carrier permit
3
5
0
.
foreign exchange permit

[document issued by the competent body
authorizing an importer/buyer to transfer an
amount of foreign exchange to an
exporter/seller in payment for goods
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[
,
/

/
( /)]
3
5
1
.
foreign sales agent

[,

]
3
5
2
.
foreign trade

[ ,
() ()
.

,
]
3
5
3
.
foreign trade bank

[
( ),

,

]
3
5
4
.
foreign trade credit

[
,

F

.
:
;

;
;
]
3
5
5
.
foreign trade restrictions

[ ,

.

.
]
3
5
6
.
formalities to be completed
3
5
7
.
forwarder
3
5
8
.
forwarders certificate of receipt

FCR
[non-negotiable document issued by a freight
forwarder to certify that he has assumed
control of a specified consignment, with
irrevocable instructions to send it to the
consignee indicated in the document or to
hold it at his disposal. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[ ,

,

, ,
(
/)]
3
5
9
.
forwarders certificate of transport

[document issued by a freight forwarder to
certify that he has taken charge of a
specified consignment for despatch and
delivery in accordance with the consignor's
;

[,
,

F
instructions, as indicated in the document,
and that he accepts responsibility for delivery
of the goods to the holder of the document
through the intermediary of a delivery agent
of his choice. The document is negotiable if
issued "to order"(FIATA)]

,
,

;

""]
3
6
0
.
forwarding document
forwarding instructions
[,

,
]
3
6
1
.
forwarders warehouse receipt

[document issued by a freight forwarder
acting as Warehouse Keeper acknowledging
receipt of goods placed in a warehouse, and
stating or referring to the conditions which
govern the warehousing and the release of
goods. The document contains detailed
provisions regarding the rights of holders-byendorsement, transfer of ownership, etc.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,

,

,
,
,
,
. . ( /)]
3
6
2
.
forwarding agent
3
6
3
.
forwarding instructions
[document issued to a freight forwarder,
giving instructions regarding the action to be
taken by the forwarder for the forwarding of
goods described therein (UN/ECE/FAL)]
[,

,

( /)]
F
3
6
4
.
foul bill of lading

[a receipt for goods issued by a carrier with
an indication that the goods were damaged
when received]
3
6
5
.
frame contract

[
,
3
6
6
.
Framework of Standards to Secure and

Facilitate Global Trade
[a regime expected to enhance the security
and facilitation of
international trade. This
global supply chain
security initiative, on the
part of the international
Customs community, is
aimed at protecting world
trade from the threats
posed by international
terrorism, organized crime
and ever-increasing
Customs offences. At the
same time it will provide a
structured platform to
facilitate the movement of
legitimate goods being
traded internationally. The
Framework aims at
providing a safer world
trade environment, but
also a new approach to
partnership between
Customs and the business
community, which commit
together to the
implementation of a series
of 17 Standards regulating
the security and facilitation
of international trade.
Worldwide implementation
of the Framework is

[

23 2005

, 166
-

-
.

.
,

,

.

. 4
: 1)

.

.
,
,
,

F
supported by a
sustainable capacitybuilding programme
(WCO)]

.
2)

,
.
3)

. 4)
- .

,

.

()
,

]
3
6
7
.
franco domicile
3
6
8
.
franco station of destination
3
6
9
.
free alongside
[quoted price includes the cost of delivering
the goods alongside a designated vessel]
3
7
0
.
free alongside ship;

FAS
goods are placed alongside the vessel at the
named port of shipment. This means that the
buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss
or of damage to the goods from that
moment. The FAS term requires the seller to

[ ,
,

. ,

.
F
clear the goods for export (Incoterms 2000)]
FAS

]
3
7
1
.
Free and Open Source Software;

FOSS

[
,
.
, FOSS,

,
. ,
FOSS,

, ,
]
3
7
2
.
free custom zone stock

[ ,

()
, ,

,

,

,
.

,
,
.
]
3
7
3
.
Free In;
F.I.
[cost of loading a vessel is borne by the
charter]

[ ,

]
F
3
7
4
.
Free In and Out;

F.I.O.
[cost of loading and unloading a vessel is
borne by the charter]
[,
-

, ]
3
7
5
.
Free in bankers
free into barge
F.I.B.
3
7
6
.
Free of capture and seizure;

F.C & S
[a clause which exempts the marine
insurance company from paying losses
caused by capture or seizure by enemies of
a country]
" "
[ , ,
,
, ,
..,
,
]
3
7
7
.
freedom of transit

[ ,
V -1994.
,

-

,
,
, ,
]
3
7
8
.
free on board
FOB or f.o.b. [INCOTERMS 2000]
goods pass the ships rail at the named prot
of shipment. This means that the buyer has
to bear all costs and risks of loss or of
damage to the goods from that point. The

[ ,
,
.
,

.
F
FOB term requires the seller to clear the
goods for export. This terms can be used onl
for sea or inland waterway transport. If the
parties do not intend to deliver the goods
across the ships rail, the FCA term should
be used (INCOTERMS 2000)]
FOB

.

.

, FCA]
3
7
9
.
free-trade agreement;
FTA
[an arrangement which establishes
unimpeded exchange and flow of goods and
services between trading partners regardless
of national borders]

[ ,
,

-]
3
8
0
.
free on rail;
free on truck;
FOR / FOT
[FIATA]
3
8
1
.
Free Trade Area of the Americas;

FTAA
[www.ftaa-alca.org/]
3
8
2
.
freight bill
3
8
3
.
freight charge
3
8
4
.
freight charges and costs payable to

berth, dock, shed, warehouse
,

, ,
F
3
8
5
.
freight commission
3
8
6
.
freight company
3
8
7
.
freight declaration
[see cargo declaration]
3
8
8
.
Freighter
3
8
9
.
freight flow
3
9
0
.
freight forwarder;
international freight forwarder
[person or company who arranges for the
carriage of goods and associated formalities
on behalf of a shipper. The duties of a
forwarder include booking space on a ship,
providing all the necessary documentation
and arranging Customs clearance
(TRACECA)]
-
;
;

[ ,

.
,

]
3
9
1
freight forwarders advice to exporter

[document issued by a freight forwarder
informing an exporter of the action taken in

[,
,
F
fulfillment of instructions received
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

( /)]
3
9
2
.
freight forwarders advice to import agent
[document issued by a freight forwarder in an

exporting country advising his counterpart in
an importing country about the forwarding of
goods described therein (UN/ECE/FAL)]
3
9
3
.
freight forwarders invoice

[invoice issued by a freight forwarder
specifying services rendered and costs
incurred and claiming payment therefore.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]
[,
-
-

( /)]
-
[,

(
/)]
3
9
4
.
freight forwarding
[arranging for the carriage of goods and
associated formalities]
()
[

]
3
9
5
.
freight invoice
[document issued by a transport operation
specifying freight costs and charges incurred
for a transport operation and stating
conditions of payment (UN/ECE/FAL)]
- ;

[,

,
( /)]
3
9
6
.
freight manifest
[document containing the same information
as a cargo manifest, and additional details
on freight amounts, charges, etc.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
, ,
,
, ,
. . ( /)]
3
9
7
.
freight payable at destination

[method of paying the freight often used for
shipment of bulk cargo whose weight is
established on discharge from the ship
(TRACECA)]
[ ,

,
]
F
3
9
8
.
freight rate
3
9
9
.
freight rebate
4
0
0
.
freight traffic
4
0
1
.
freight transport
4
0
2
.
freight services
4
0
3
.
freight transportation of goods
4
0
4
.
freight turnover
4
0
freight vessel
F
4
0
6
.
frontier control

[
.
: , , ,
,

]
4
0
7
.
frontier traffic

[ - ,

. -1994
( XXIV, 3)
-

,
.
-
,

.

,
,
15-25
.
,
,
]
4
0
8
.
full container load;

FCL
G
gate pass
[document authorizing goods specified
therein to be brought out of a fenced-in port
or terminal area. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

( /)]
4
1
0
.
gateway
[a point at which freight moving from one
territory to another is interchanged between
transportation lines]

[,
,
,
]
4
1
1
.
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade;

GATT
[an international agreement, signed in 1947,
which acted as a basis for an international
trade rules-based organization before it was
by the WTO. An updated General Agreement
is now the WTO agreement governing trade
in goods (GATT 1994)]
[
,

.
-
- ,

.

: . V
(); . V ( );
. ( )]
4
1
2
.
general average
[FIATA]

[,
(

)
,
.

,

(, , ).

,
. ,
4
0
9
.
G
, : )

,
..; )
; ) ,

( ,
,
..)]
4
1
3
.
general cargo
[FIATA]
, -
4
1
4
.
general cargo rates;

GCR
[FIATA]
4
1
5
.
general cargo terminal
4
1
6
.
Generalized System of Preferences;

GSP
[of EU]
[]
4
1
7
.
GIS;
Geographic Information System
4
1
8
.
good governance

[

,
]
G
4
1
9
.
goods control certificate

[document issued by a competent body
evidencing the quality of the goods described
therein, in accordance with national or
legislation in the importing country, or as
specified in the contract. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

-,
( /)]
4
2
0
.
goods declaration
[a statement made in the manner prescribed
by the Customs, by which the persons
concerned indicate the Customs procedure
to be applied to the goods and furnish the
particulars which the Customs require for its
application (WCO glossary)]

[

,
,
,

()]
4
2
1
.
goods declaration for exportation

[document by which goods are declared for
export Customs clearance, conforming to the
layout key set out in Appendix I to Annex C.1
to the Kyoto Convention, concerning outright
exportation (WCO)]

[,

, I
.1,
,
()]
4
2
2
.
goods declaration for Customs transit

[document by which the sender declares
goods for Customs transit according to
Annex E.1 (concerning Customs
transit) to the Kyoto Convention.
(WCO)]
[,

.1 (
)
()]
4
2
3
.
goods declaration for home use

[document by which goods are declared for
import Customs clearance according to
Annex B.1 (concerning clearance for home
use) to the Kyoto convention (WCO)]
[,

.1
(
)
()]
G
4
2
4
.
goods details
4
2
5
.
goods receipt
[document issued by a port,
warehouse/shed, or terminal operator
acknowledging receipt of goods specified
therein on conditions stated or referred to in
the document. (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,
/ ,

,
, ,
(
/)]
4
2
6
.
goods receipt (carriage)
()
[,

,
, ,

,

]
4
2
7
.
Greener and safer goods road vehicles

[environmentally friendly goods road
vehicles]
4
2
8
.
gross weight
4
2
9
.
groupage
H
handling
[FIATA]
4
3
1
.
handling facilities
[loading and unloading]
4
3
2
.
handling information
4
3
3
.
handling order
[document issued by a cargo handling
organization (port administration, terminal
operator, etc.) for the removal or other
handling of goods under their care
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,

( ,
. .),
,
( /)]
4
3
4
.
harbour dues
[FIATA]

[,
,
]
4
3
5
.
harmonization
[(1) The changing of government regulations
and practices, as a result of an international
agreement, to make those of different
countries the same or more compatible. (2)
In the case of data harmonization, in order
to build Single Window systems or electronic
document exchange, harmonization involves
collecting and analyzing data requirements in
trade and transport documents/forms, as well
as mapping and aligning them to
international standards, code lists and Core
Component library. (3) Harmonization of
[ 1)
,
,

,

; (2)

,

,
4
3
0
.
H
national standards is the prevention or
elimination of differences in the technical
content of standards having the same scope,
particularly those differences that may cause
hindrances to trade. (4) In the case of tariffs,
this means making tariff rates more similar
across industries and/or across countries.]
/,

, /
Core Components. 3)

,
,
,
. 4) ,

.]
4
3
6
.
harmonized code
[an internationally accepted and uniform
description system for classifying goods for
Customs, statistical and other purposes]

[ "
"]
4
3
7
.
harmonized system;
HS
[an international nomenclature developed by
the World Customs Organization, which is
arranged in six-digit codes allowing all
participating countries to classify traded
goods on a common basis. Beyond the sixdigit level, countries are free to introduce
national distinctions for tariffs and many
other purposes (WTO)]
[
(6-
,

(
). 6

) ()]
4
3
8
.
haul
[trip, goods delivery]
4
3
9
.
haulage
[transportation, delivery]
H
4
4
0
.
haulier
[carrier of cargo]
4
4
1
.
homologation
[the certification of a product or specification
to indicate that it meets regulatory standards]
[

-]
4
4
2
.
house air waybill

[See air waybill]
I
identification of means of transport
4
4
4
.
impartiality
4
4
5
.
importation
[the act of bringing or causing any goods to
be brought into a Customs territory]
[ ,

;

]
4
4
6
.
import commission company

[,

,

]
4
4
7
.
import cost

[ , ,

]
4
4
8
.
import deposit

[ ,

.

4
4
3
.
I
.
]
4
4
9
.
import duties and taxes

[Customs duties and all other duties, taxes or
charges which are collected on or in
connection with the importation of goods, but
not including any charges which are limited
in amount to the approximate cost of
services rendered or collected by the
Customs on behalf of another national
authority]
4
5
0
.
import licence
accordance with import regulations in force,
by which authorization is granted to a named
party to import either a limited quantity of
designated articles or an unlimited quantity
of such articles during a limited period,
under conditions specified in the document
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,

,

,
(
/)]
4
5
1
.
import penetration

[
]
4
5
2
.
import regulation

[
,

]
4
5
3
.
import transaction

[ ,

, ]
4
5
importer agent
I
4
5
5
.
in-bond cargo
[cargo moving under Customs control where
duty has not yet been paid]
,

[, ,

]
4
5
6
.
INCOTERMS;
International Commercial Terms
[a codification of terms used in foreign trade
contracts that is maintained by the
International Chamber of Commerce]
[ ,

.

,
,
.

]
4
5
7
.
indirect export

[

]
4
5
8
.
indirect import

[
,
]
4
5
9
.
information and communication

technology;
ICT
-
;
4
6
0
.
inland carrier
[a transportation company that hauls export
or import traffic between ports and inland
points (TRACECA)]

[ ,

]
I
4
6
1
.
inland clearance depot;

ICD
4
6
2
.
inland navigation
[FIATA]
4
6
3
.
inland transport;
domestic operations
4
6
4
.
input data
4
6
5
.
in-quota
4
6
6
.
inspection certificate
[document issued by a competent body
evidencing that the goods described
therein have been inspected in
accordance with national or
international standards, in conformity
with legislation in the country in which
the inspection is required, or as
specified in the contract
(UN/ECE/FAL)]
()
[,
,

,
,
,
( /)]
4
6
7
.
insurance policy
[FIATA]

[ ,

]
I
4
6
8
.
instructions as for payment for charges
4
6
9
.
instructions for banking transfer

[document containing instructions from a
customer to his bank to pay an amount in a
specified currency to a nominated party in
another country by a method either speicified
(e.g. teletransmission, air mail) or left to the
discretion of the bank (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,
,
(, , ),
,
]
4
7
0
.
insurance certificate
[document issued to the insured certifying
that insurance has been effected and that a
policy has been issued. Such a certificate for
a particular cargo is primarily used when
good are insured under the terms of a
floating or an open policy; at the request of
the insured it can be exchanged for a policy
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,
,
.

,

;

( /)]
4
7
1
.
insurance policy
[document issued by the insurer evidencing
an agreement to insure and containing the
conditions of the agreement concluded
whereby the insurer undertakes for a specific
fee to indemnify the insured for the losses
arising out of the perils and accidents
specified in the contract (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[ ,

,

,
,
( /)]
4
7
2
.
insured
4
7
insurer
I
4
7
4
.
insurers invoice
[document issued by an insurer specifying
the cost of an insurance which has been
effected and claiming payment therefore
(UN/ECE/FAL)]
-
[,

( /)]
4
7
5
.
integrated border management (IBM)

,

.

,

.

1982 (. )

,
.
4
7
6
.
integrated carrier
4
7
7
.
integrity
( )
4
7
8
.
intellectual property rights

IPR
[ownership of ideas, including literary and
artistic works (protected by copyright),
inventions (protected by patents), signs for
distinguishing goods of an enterprise
(protected by trademarks) and other
elements of industrial property (WTO)]
[

, ,
,
.

I
,
, ,
,
, ,
, ,
, ,
,
]
4
7
9
.
intermodal container
[container for intermodal traffic]
4
8
0
.
Intermodal Container Transfer Facility;

I.C.T.F.
[an on-dock facility for moving containers
from ship to rail or truck]
4
8
1
.
intermodal equipment

[

.

.

,
40 ISO]
4
8
2
.
intermodal transport
[the movement of goods in one and the
same loading unit or road vehicle, which
uses successively two or more modes of
transport without handling the goods
themselves when changing modes]
4
8
3
.
intermodality
[the term has been used to describe a
system of transport whereby two or more
modes of transport are used to transport the
same loading unit or truck in an integrated

[

]
[

,

I
manner, without loading or unloading, in a
door-to-door transport chain (TRACECA)]

(
) -
]
4
8
4
.
internal transport order

[document giving instructions about the
transport of goods within an enterprise]

[,

]
4
8
5
.
International Convention on the

Harmonization of Frontier Control of
Goods;
Harmonization Convention
[UNECE]

[

,
,

(, 21
1982 .)]
4
8
6
.
International Convention on
Simplification and Harmonization of
Customs Procedures;
The Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC)
[WCO]

[]
4
8
7
.
international Customs declaration form

TIF
[document used for goods and baggage in
Customs transit by rail, introduced by the two
international Conventions done at Geneva
on 10 January 1952 to facilitate the crossing
of frontiers: for goods and for passengers
and baggage carried by rail (WCO)]

[
,

,

1952 .

]
4
8
8
International Information Exchange
[ -
,
4
8
9
.
International Maritime Dangerous Goods

Code;
IMDG Code
4
9
0
.
International Preliminary Examination

Authority;
IPEA
4
9
1
.
International Preliminary Examination

Report;
IPER
4
9
2
.
International Rules for the Interpretation

of Trade Terms
[INCOTERMS of ICC]

[
]
4
9
3
.
International Ship and Port Facility

Security Code;
ISPFS
4
9
4
.
international trade certificate

[ ,
.

]
4
9
5
interoperability
I
4
9
6
.
inventory control
4
9
7
.
inventory of items
4
9
8
.
invisible trade

[ - ,

;
- ;
;
..]
4
9
9
.
invoice
(see also: commercial invoice; consular
invoice; Customs invoice; freight forwarders
invoice; freight invoice; insurers invoice;
proforma invoice)
5
0
0
.
invoicing data sheet

[document issued within an enterprise
containing data about the goods sold, to be
used as the basis for the preparation of a
commercial invoice (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,

( /)]
5
0
1
.
invoice price
,
[, -
.

,
- ,
,
, ]
5
0
irrevocable letter of credit

[a letter of credit with a fixed expiration date
that carries the irrevocable obligation of the
;

[,
I
issuing bank to pay the exporter when all of
the terms and conditions of the letter of credit
have been met]
.
-
-

, ]
5
0
3
.
ISO Country Code
5
0
4
.
Istambul Convention
[the expression commonly used to refer to
the Convention on temporary admission,
adopted by Customs Co-operation Council in
Istanbul in 1990]

[

,

1990 .]
J
July Package
[an arrangement achieved on 1 August 2005,
which defines modalities for negotiations in
the Doha round of WTO talks]

[
1 2005 .

,

]
5
0
6
.
just in time;
JIT
[the principle of production and inventory
control in which goods arrive when needed
for production or use]
" []" ;
" "
[ ,
,
]
5
0
7
.
just-in-time delivery
;
;

5
0
5
.
K
5
0
8
.
Kyoto Convention / Revised Kyoto

Convention
/

[

1974 .

(
) 2006 .

. 1999

.

,

.
,

,

. ,
() ,

.

- .
,

.

,

.

]
L
land carriage
[FIATA]
5
1
0
.
land haulage
5
1
1
.
large capacity vessel
5
1
2
.
less than container load

LCL
[ ,

]
5
1
3
.
letter of credit
L/C
[a document issued by a bank per instructions
by a buyer of goods, authorizing the seller to
draw a specified sum of money under
specified terms]
[ -

, ]
5
1
4
.
letter of intent
[document by means of which a buyer informs
a seller that the buyer has accepted an offer
in principle and intends to enter into
contractual negotiations (UN/ECE/FAL)]
;
-
[,

( /)]
5
1
5
.
license
[,
,
( )
,
5
0
9
.
L

.

]
5
1
6
.
license trade

[ ,
"-",
]
5
1
7
.
licensing
( )
[

()
()
.
-

,

]
5
1
8
.
lien
[FIATA]
5
1
9
.
lift-on-lift-off (Lo-Lo)
[loading and unloading of intermodal transport
units using lifting equipment]
(-)
[

]
5
2
0
.
liner shipping
L
5
2
1
.
liquidation
[the finalization of a Customs entry]
[the finalization of a Customs entry]
5
2
2
.
loading charges
[FIATA]
5
2
3
.
loading contract
[FIATA]
5
2
4
.
loading expenses
[FIATA]
5
2
5
.
load manifest (doc)

[see cargo manifest]
5
2
6
.
logistics
[the optimization of transport, storage,
handling and packaging of goods and
services from the point of origin to the point of
consumption. Essentially, logistics is about
getting the right thing, in the right place, for
the right price. Logistics is the part of supply
chain management encompassing transport
and inventory, while only barely dealing with
the production process]
long-term contract
[the optimization of transport, storage,

handling and packaging of goods and
services from the point of origin to the point
of consumption. Essentially, logistics is about
getting the right thing, in the right place, for
the right price. Logistics is the part of supply
chain management encompassing transport
and inventory, while only barely dealing with
the production process]

[,
,
]
5
2
7
.
L
5
2
8
.
loose goods;
bulk goods
[FIATA]
, ;
;
;
5
2
9
.
lumpsum rate
[FIATA]
;

[

]
M
manifest
[a list of the goods being transported by a
carrier (or a list of passengers)]
[,
(
)]
5
3
1
.
manufacturing instructions
[document issued within an enterprise to
initiate the manufacture of goods to be offered
for sale or otherwise supplied to customers
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
,

(
/)]
5
3
2
.
marking
[letters, numbers, and other symbols placed
on cargo packages to facilitate identification.
Also known as marks]
[
,
,
]
5
3
3
.
marks
5
3
4
.
master
5
3
5
.
mates receipt
[document issued by a ship's officer to
acknowledge that a specified consignment
has been received on board a vessel, and the
apparent condition of the goods; enabling the
carrier to issue a bill of lading (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,
(
/)]
5
3
6
.
methods of Customs valuation

[

.

5
3
0
.
M
VII -1994

.

,
,

]
5
3
7
.
minimum bill of lading ;

min. B/L
[a clause in a Bill of lading which specifies the
least charge that the carrier will make for
issuing a lading. The charge may be a definite
sum or the current charge per ton for any
specified quantity]
( );

[
,
]
5
3
8
.
mixed cargo
[two or more products carried on board one
ship (TRACECA)]

[ ,
]
5
3
9
.
mixed consignment
[FIATA]
;
;
;
5
4
0
.
mixed credit

[ ,

.

]
5
4
1
.
modality
[a way to proceed. In WTO negotiations,
modalities set broad outlines such as
formulas or approaches for tariff reductions
for final commitments]
[ , ,

M
]
5
4
2
.
modalities for negotiations (in WTO)
( )
5
4
3
.
modes of delivery
[how international trade in services is supplied
and consumed. Mode 1: cross border supply;
Mode 2: consumption abroad; Mode 3:
foreign commercial presence; and mode 4:
movement of natural persons (WTO)]

[ (
): (a)

; (b)

; (c)

; (d)

]
5
4
4
.
model law on electronic commerce

[UNCITRAL]
[
1996 .

,
. :

,
,

.

]
5
4
5
.
mode of transport
5
4
most convenient route

[GATT article V: Transit]
M
5
4
7
.
most-favoured-nation;
MFN
5
4
8
.
most-favoured-nation principle
[ ,
.

I -1994
II . ,
,
- ,

, ,

. ,

,
,
, , ,
,
.

]
5
4
9
.
most favoured national treatment

[the principle of not discriminating between
ones trading partners (GATT Article I, GATS
Article II and TRIPS Article 4) (WTO)]

[,

,

]
5
5
0
.
movement control chief officer;

MovCon chief officer;
chief of movement control;
chief movement control officer
M
5
5
1
.
multilateral trade negotiations;

MTN
[WTO]
[]
5
5
2
.
multimodal transport
[kind of traffic aimed at using various modes
of transport, as well as handling services
within a single system (more general notion in
comparison with intermodal traffic). The
carriage of goods by at least two different
modes of transport (TRACECA)]

[ ,

,
(

).

]
5
5
3
.
multimodal / combined transport

document
[(generic term) a transport document used
when more than one mode of transportation is
involved in the movement of cargo. It is a
contract of carriage and receipt of the cargo
for a multimodal transport. It indicates the
place where the responsible transport
company in the move takes responsibility for
the cargo, the place where the responsibility
of this transport company in the move ends
and the conveyances involved.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]
/

[( ) ,

;

;
,
,
,
, ,

,
,
( /)]
5
5
4
.
multimodal transport bill of loading

[negotiable document evidencing a contract
for the performance and/or procurement of
performance of multimodal transport and
delivery of goods, the taking in charge of the
goods by the multimodal transport operator
and an undertaking by him to deliver the
goods in accordance with the terms of the
contract. The document is issued by the
Baltic and International Maritime Council,
subject to the UNCTAD/ICC Rules for
[ ,
/

,
,

]
M
Multimodal Transport Documents (ICC
Publication No 481)]
5
5
5
.
multimodal transport document ;

MTD
[document which evidences a multimodal
transport contract, the taking in charge of the
goods by the multimodal transport operator,
contract. (International Convention on
Multimodal Transport of Goods, not yet in
force)]

[,
,
,

(
,
)]
N
naming and design rules (in XML);
NDR

( XML);
5
5
7
.
National Trade and Transport Facilitation

Committee;
NTTFC
[National Trade Facilitation Body; PRO
organization]
[
, ]
5
5
8
.
national treatment

[ ,

, ,
,

(-1994, III, 1).

,
,
-
,
,
,

(, XVII)]
5
5
9
.
negotiable FIATA multimodal transport

bill of lading
FBL

[,
,
,

;

]
5
6
net weight
5
5
6
.
N
5
6
1
.
non-agricultural market access;

NAMA

[ ]
5
6
2
.
non-automatic discretionary licensing
()
;
[ ,
.
,
,
- -
.

.
,
,

]
5
6
3
.
non-commercial payment

[
,
5
6
4
.
non-discrimination
[

]
5
6
5
.
non-negotiable FIATA multimodal

transport waybill
[document which evidences a multimodal
transport contract, the taking in charge of the
goods by the multimodal transport operator,
contract. The document can also be issued
for uni-modal sea transport from port to port.
The document is issued by FIATA, subject to
the UNCTAD/ICC Rules for Multimodal

[,
,
,

.

.
,
N
Transport Documents, ICC Publication No
481. (FIATA)]

/, 481 .
()]
5
6
6
.
non-negotiable sea waybill
5
6
7
.
non-tariff barriers;
NTB
[non-tariff barriers, such as quotas, import
licensing systems, sanitary regulations,
prohibitions, etc. Same as non-tariff
measures (WTO)]
[
,

, :
,
, ,
,
,
. ,

]
5
6
8
.
non-tariff measures

[
,
,
(
- ),

, ,
,
,

, ]
5
6
9
.
non-vessel operating common carrier ;

NVOCC
N
5
7
0
.
notice of circumstances preventing

delivery (goods)
[request made by the carrier to the sender,
or, as the case may be, the consignee, for
instructions as to the disposal of the
consignment when circumstances prevent
delivery and the return of the goods has not
been requested by the consignor in the
transport document (GIT)]

()
[
, ,

,

, ,
,

()]
5
7
1
.
notice of circumstances preventing

delivery (transport)
[request made by the carrier to the sender,
or, the consignee as the case may be, for
instructions as to the disposal of the goods
when circumstances prevent transport before
departure or en route, after acceptance of
the consignment concerned (GIT)]

()
[
, ,

,

,

()]
5
7
2
.
notification

();
5
7
3
.
notification clauses
[WTO]
5
7
4
.
number and nature of documents to be

supplied
5
7
5
number of original bill of lading
O
offer
[

]
5
7
7
.
offer / quotation
[document which, with a view to concuding a
contract, sets out the conditions under which
the goods are offered (UN/ECE/FAL)]
/
[,
,
( /)]
5
7
8
.
omission
[the failure to act or give a decision required
of the Customs by Customs law within a
reasonable time on a matter duly submitted
to them]
[
,

,
]
5
7
9
.
one-stop-shop

[ ,
,

, ,

,

( ),

. ,

.
]
5
8
0
.
open development process;

ODP
[
C ]
5
7
6
.
O
5
8
1
.
optimization of inventory costs
5
8
2
.
optimization of costs of production
5
8
3
.
order
[document by mean of which a buyer initiates
a transaction with a seller involving the
supply of goods as specified, according to
conditions set out in an offer, or otherwise
known to the buyer]
[,

,

,
-
]
5
8
4
.
other charges, amount
5
8
5
.
other charges, collect
5
8
6
.
out of profile
[FIATA]
5
8
7
.
overland transport
P
packing instructions
[document issued within an enterprise giving
instructions on how goods are to be packed
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,
( /)]
5
8
9
.
package
5
9
0
.
packing list
[document specifying the distribution of
goods in individual packages (UN/ECE/FAL)]
;

[, ,

,
, ,

( /)]
5
9
1
.
parallel import
[a parallel import, also known as a grey
product, refers to a genuine (ie. noncounterfeit) product placed on the market in
one country, which is subsequently imported
into a second country without the permission
of the owner of the intellectual property rights
which attach to the product in the second
country]

[ ,

,
]
5
9
2
.
part load
5
9
3
.
part load consignment
5
8
8
.
P
5
9
4
.
partial scope agreement;

PSA
5
9
5
.
particular average
[FIATA]

[ ]
5
9
6
.
payment agreement

[

,
]
5
9
7
.
payment instructions
5
9
8
.
payment order
[document containing information needed to
initiate the payment. It may cover the
financial settlement for one or more
commercial trade transactions. A payment
order is an instruction to the ordered bank to
arrange for the payment of one specified
amount to the beneficiary (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,
;

;

( /)]
5
9
9
.
performance of the contract

[,
,
]
6
0
0
.
perishable goods (road transport)

[goods considered as perishable according
to the Agreement on the International
Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the
Special Equipment to be used for such
Carriage (ATP) of 1970]

( )
[ ,

P
,

(), 1970]
6
0
1
.
permitted (permissible) subsidies

[,
]
6
0
2
.
phytosanitary certificate
the exporting country evidencing that plants,
fruit, or vegetables are free from disease and
fit for consumption and giving details on
fumigation or other treatment to which they
may have been subjected. (UN/ECE/FAL)]
6
0
3
.
pick list
[a list, typically generated by a computer, of
what items need to be picked to fulfill an
order]

[,
-

,

,
, , (
/)]
pick list
[a list, typically generated by a computer, of
what items need to be picked to fulfill an
order]
6
0
4
.
pick up and delivery

[FIATA]
6
0
5
.
piggy-back traffic
[FIATA]
6
0
6
.
place of delivery
6
0
place of delivery by on-carrier
P
6
0
8
.
place of issue
6
0
9
.
place of receipt by pre-carrier
6
1
0
.
place of transhipment
6
1
1
.
place / port of discharge
6
1
2
.
place / port of loading
6
1
3
.
place / port of unlading
6
1
4
.
port administration
6
1
port charges document

[documents specifying services rendered,
storage and handling costs, demurrage and

[,
,
P
other charges due to the owner of goods
described therein. (UN/ECE/FAL)
,

( /)]
6
1
6
.
post-clearance audit
6
1
7
.
port marks
[an identifying set of letters numbers and/or
geometric symbols followed by the name of
the port of destination, which are placed on
export shipments]

[ ,
, , ,
/ ,

]
6
1
8
.
port of discharge;
POD
[port where vessel is off loaded and cargo
discharges]

[, ]
6
1
9
.
port of entry
[a port at which foreign goods are readmitted into the receiving country]

[,
6
2
0
.
port of loading
[port where cargo is loaded aboard the
vessel lashed and stowed]

[,
]
6
2
1
.
pre-alert shipment declaration
6
2
2
.
pre-arrival clearance

[
]
P
6
2
3
.
pre-carriage by
6
2
4
.
preferential tariffs
6
2
5
.
preferential tax regime
6
2
6
.
preferential trade agreement;

PTA
6
2
7
.
prepaid freight
[generally speaking, freight charges both in
ocean and air transport may be either
prepaid in the currency of the country of
export or they may be billed collect for
payment by the consignee in his local
currency. However, on shipments to some
countries freight charges must be prepaid
because of foreign exchange regulations of
the country of import and/or rules of
steamship companies or airlines]

[ ,
,

. ,
.
,
,
, , e

,
]
6
2
8
.
preshipment inspection;
PSI
[the practice of employing specialized private
companies to check shipment details of
goods ordered overseas i.e. price,
quantity, quality, etc (WTO)]

[,

,

, ,
P
,

,
.

,
,
,
,
.

.

.

27 ,

]
6
2
9
.
prima facie
[latin, "on first appearance." A term
frequently encountered in foreign trade.
When a steamship company issues a clean
bill of lading, it acknowledges that the goods
were received "in apparent good order and
condition" and this is said by the courts to
constitute prima facie evidence of the
conditions of the containers; that is, if nothing
to the contrary appears, it must be inferred
that the cargo was in good condition when
received by the carrier]
prima facie
[ . ,
]
6
3
0
.
principal
;
;
6
3
1
.
production of goods to the Customs

[the act of presenting goods to the
competent Customs authorities, at the place
designated or accepted by them, for
completion of the Customs formalities. The
production of goods to the Customs is itself
one of the Customs formalities (WCO)]

[

,
.

P
]
6
3
2
.
proforma invoice
[document serving as a preliminary invoice,
containing - on the whole - the same
information as the final invoice, but not
actually claiming payment (UN/ECE/FAL)]
-
[,

,
,
( /)]
6
3
3
.
proof of delivery

[,
]
6
3
4
.
provisional declaration
6
3
5
.
purchase
[

]
6
3
6
.
purchase order
[document issued within an enterprise to
initiate the purchase of articles or materials
required for the production or manufacture of
goods to be for sale or otherwise supplied to
customers (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
,

,

(
/)]
6
3
7
.
purchase order confirmation
6
3
8
.
purchasing agent
[see buying agent]
P
6
3
9
.
6
4
0
.
quantitative restrictions / quotas

[explicit limits, or quotas, on the physical
amounts of particular commodities that can
be imported or exported during a specified
time period, usually measured by volume but
sometimes by value]
/
[,
(
) .

,

()
;

]
quotation
[An offer to sell goods at a stated price and
under specified conditions, with a view to
concuding a contract]
[,
,
]
R
radio frequency identification;
RFID
[RFID refers to systems that use
transponders that transmit data to an RFID
receiver. RFID systems can be used to track
things as large as ocean-going containers
onboard a ship to being incorporated into a
label on product. RFID can carry more
information than barcodes, allowing for such
information as batch number, and date of
manufacture.]

[RFID refers to systems that use transponders
that transmit data to an RFID receiver. RFID
systems can be used to track things as large
as ocean-going containers onboard a ship to
being incorporated into a label on product.
RFID can carry more information than
barcodes, allowing for such information as
batch number, and date of manufacture.
,

,
,

().]
6
4
2
.
rail consignment note

[transport document constituting a contract
for the carriage of goods between the sender
and the carrier (the railway). For international
rail traffic, this document must conform to the
model prescribed by the international
conventions concerning carriage of goods by
rail, e.g. CIM Convention, SMGS
Convention. Remark: For international rail
traffic, this document must conform to the
model prescribed by the international
conventions concerning carriage of goods by
rail, e.g. CIM Convention, SMGS
Convention]

[ ,

,
, (
) ;

,

,
]
6
4
3
.
railway gauge
[broad, narrow, standard gauge]

[, , ]
6
4
4
.
random supply
6
4
rate of exchange
6
4
1
.
R
6
4
6
.
ready for despatch advice

[document issued by a supplier informing a
buyer that goods ordered are ready for
despatch (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
,
(
/)]
6
4
7
.
reasonable charges
6
4
8
.
receiving date
6
4
9
.
red clause letter of credit

[a letter of credit that allows the exporter to
receive a percentage of the face value of the
letter of credit in advance of shipment. This
enables the exporter to purchase inventory
and pay other costs associated with
producing and preparing the export order]

[
,

,
.

,
.

,

]
6
5
0
.
reexportation
[FIATA]
[ , - ,
,

]
6
5
1
.
references
R
6
5
2
.
regional appellation certificate

[certificate drawn up in accordance with the
rules laid down by an authority or approved
body, certifying that the goods described
therein qualify for a designation specific to
the given region (e.g. champagne, port wine,
Parmesan cheese) (UN/ECE/FAL)]
[,
,

,
,

,
(, , ,
) ( /)]
6
5
3
.
reimportation
[FIATA]
[ -
( , ..),
. -

,
,
]
6
5
4
.
release (of goods or cargo)

[the action by the Customs to permit goods
undergoing clearance to be placed at the
disposal of the persons concerned]
( )
[

]
6
5
5
.
repayment
[the refund, in whole or in part, of duties and
taxes paid on goods and the remission, in
whole or in part, of duties and taxes where
payment has not been made]
6
5
6
.
request for delivery instructions

[document issued by a supplier requesting
instructions from the buyer regarding the
details of the delivery of goods ordered
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ,

( /)]
6
5
7
.
request for quotation
R
6
5
8
.
resident agent
;
-
[ ,

]
6
5
9
.
restricted articles
6
6
0
.
restriction
[

,

]
6
6
1
.
RFID
(see radio frequency identification)
RFID;
(. )
6
6
2
.
right of appeal
[WTO]

[]
6
6
3
.
risk assessment

[ ]
6
6
4
.
risk assessment and management system
6
6
5
risk management
[the process of measuring, or assessing, risk
and developing strategies to manage it.
-
[, ,
,
R
Strategies include transferring the risk to
another party, avoiding the risk, reducing the
negative effect of the risk, and accepting
some or all of the consequences of a
particular risk. Traditional risk management
focuses on risks stemming from physical or
legal causes (e.g. natural disasters or fires,
accidents, death, and lawsuits)]
,
,
,

]
6
6
6
.
river waybill
[transport document issued by the carrier to
the shipper of goods carried by river which
evidences receipt of the goods for carriage
and binds the carrier to surrender the goods
to the consignee at the port of destination.
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[ ,
,
,

(
/)]
6
6
7
.
road & rail ferry ramp
6
6
8
.
road consignment note

CMR consignment note
[transport document which evidences a
contract between a carrier and a sender for
the carriage of goods by road (generic
term).Remark: For international road traffic,
this document must contain at least the
particulars prescribed by the convention on
the contract for the international carriage of
goods by road (CMR)]

[ ,

]
6
6
9
.
road haulage;
trailer truck
6
7
0
.
road haulage agent
()

R
6
7
1
.
rolling road
[transport of complete road vehicules, using
roll-on roll-off techniques, on trains
comprising lowfloor wagons throughout]

[

]
6
7
2
.
roll on-roll off (Ro-Ro)

[loading and unloading of a road vehicule, a
wagon or an ITU on or off a ship on its own
wheels or wheels attached to it for that
purpose. In the case of rolling road, only
road vehicule are driven on and off a train]

"-"
[
,

,
.

]
6
7
3
.
route
6
7
4
.
royalties
,
, ,
..
6
7
5
.
Rules for International Carriage of Freight
6
7
6
.
Rules for International Railway Carriage

of Dangerous Goods;
RID
6
7
rules of origin
[specific provisions, developed from
principles established by national legislation

[,

R
or international agreements ("origin criteria"),
applied by a country to determine the origin
of goods. (Annex D.1. to the Kyoto
Convention.)]

,
( D.1
)]
S
6
7
8
SAFE
[Framework of Standards for security in
international trade, adopted by the World
Customs Organization]
.
6
7
9
.
SAFETIR;
SafeTIR
[System of Electronic Control for TIR
Carnets]
SAFETIR ( TIR)
[
]
6
8
0
.
safety
6
8
1
.
sample of no commercial value
6
8
2
.
sanitary certificate
[document issued by the competent authority
in the exporting country evidencing that
alimentary and animal products, including
dead animals, are fit for human consumption,
and giving details, when relevant, of controls
undertaken (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
-
,
,
,
,

( /)]
6
8
3
.
sanitary and phytosanitary measures;

SPS
[WTO agreement]
6
8
4
.
Schedule B
[refers to "Schedule B, Statistical
Classification of Domestic and Foreign
Commodities Exported from the United
States." Being replaced under the
" B"
[ ,

(

S
Harmonized System of the WCO (USA)]
);
.

]
6
8
5
.
seal
[a piece of metal or other material used to
joint together two ends of a fastening
in a secure manner]
[

,
()
, , ]
6
8
6
.
seal a container
6
8
7
.
sealing
6
8
8
.
seamless
[a process which does not contain
procedural, "manual", or other interventions
that would hamper the possibility of
developing an automated version of this
process]
(???)
seamless
[a process which does not contain procedural,
"manual", or other interventions that would
hamper the possibility of developing an
automated version of this process]
6
8
9
.
sea shipping
6
9
0
.
sea waybill
[non-negotiable document which evidences a
contract for the carriage of goods by sea and
the taking over of the goods by the carrier,
and by which the carrier undertakes to
deliver the goods to the consignee named in
the document. (UN/ECE/FAL) Remark:
Synonymous with "straight" or "non-

[ ,

,
;
""
S
negotiable Bill of Lading" used in certain
countries, e.g. Canada and the United States
of America]
"" ,
,

( /)]
6
9
1
.
sender
6
9
2
.
senders instructions
6
9
3
.
separating release from clearance

procedures
6
9
4
.
shed operator
6
9
5
.
ship
6
9
6
.
shipment
[freight tendered to a carrier by one
consignor at one piece at one time for
delivery to one consignee at one place on
one bill of lading]
, , ;
( )
6
9
7
.
ships general declaration

[declaration (IMCO FAL Form 1) conforming
to the provisions of the Annex to the
Convention on Facilitation of Maritime
Traffic, London, 1965. The general
declaration is the basic documents on arrival

[ (IMCO FAL 1),
,

,
1965.
S
and departure providing information
concerning the ship itself and summary
information relating to the cargo, crew,
passengers and voyage (WCO)]
,

, ]
6
9
8
.
shipper
[a party that tenders goods for transportation,
as opposed to a carrier, who transports
shipments]
6
9
9
.
shippers declaration
7
0
0
.
Shippers Intermodal Weight Certificate

FIATA-SIC

[,
,
,
(,

1992 )]
7
0
1
.
ships manifest
[an instrument in writing containing a list of
the shipments comprising the cargo of the
vessel]

[ ,
, ]
7
0
2
.
shipping capacities
7
0
3
.
shipping documentation
S
7
0
4
.
shipping company
7
0
5
.
shipping instructions ;
shippers letter of instruction (SLI) ;
consignment instructions
[document advising details of cargo and
experter's requirements for its physical
movement (UN/ECE/FAL); Instructions from
either the seller/shipper or the
buyer/consignee to a freight forwarder,
carrier or their agent, or other provider of a
service, enabling the movement of goods
and associated activities. The following
functions can be covered: movement and
handling of goods (shipping, forwarding and
stowage), customs formalities, distribution of
documents, allocation of documents (freight
and charges for the connected operations),
special instructions (insurance, dangerous
goods, goods release, additional documents
required).]
shipping line

[,

( /)
Instructions from either the seller/shipper or
the buyer/consignee to a freight forwarder,
carrier or their agent, or other provider of a
service, enabling the movement of goods and
associated activities. The following functions
can be covered: movement and handling of
goods (shipping, forwarding and stowage),
customs formalities, distribution of documents,
allocation of documents (freight and charges
for the connected operations), special
instructions (insurance, dangerous goods,
goods release, additional documents
required).]
7
0
7
.
shipping marks
7
0
8
.
shipping note
S/N
[document provided by the shipper or his
agent to the carrier, multimodal transport
operator, terminal or other receiving
authority, giving information about export
consignments offered for transport, and
providing for the necessary receipts and
declarations of liability (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
,
,
,
,
,

(

7
0
6
.
S
) ( /)]
7
0
9
.
shipping operations
7
1
0
.
shipping order
7
1
1
.
shipping order confirmation
7
1
2
.
shipping tariff
7
1
3
.
short shipped
[cargo manifested but not loaded]

[ ,
]
7
1
4
.
sight draft
[a draft payable upon presentation to the
drawee]

[ ;
, ]
7
1
5
.
simplified and preferential clearance

()
S
7
1
6
.
Singapore issues
[four issues introduced to the WTO agenda
at the December 1996 Ministerial
Conference in Singapore: trade and
investment, trade and competition policy,
transparency in government procurement,
and trade facilitation (WTO)]

[ ,

,
: ,
,

]
7
1
7
.
single administrative document (SAD)

[European Union]

[,
,
.
-
]
7
1
8
.
single window
[a system that allows all participants in trade
and transport file requested information in
only one place, in a standard format, in order
to carry out import, export and transit
operations]

[,

, ,
,
]
7
1
9
.
small and medium-sized enterprises;

SMEs
7
2
0
.
Smart and Secure Trade Lanes Initiative;

SST
"
"
7
2
1
.
SMGS
[Agreement on International Goods Traffic]
;
[
]
7
2
2
SMGS consignment note

[ ,

-
S
,
-
]
7
2
3
.
smuggling;
contraband
[the fraudulent taking into a country, or out of
it, merchandise which is lawfully prohibited.
To bring something into a location secretly or
by fraud]
[ -
--
]
7
2
4
.
special and differential treatment of

developing country obligations;
SDT
[WTO]
7
2
5
.
special requirements related to border

measures

[ ,
( 4).

,
,

,

.

,
.

.

.

]
7
2
standard
[, , ,

S
.

,
,

,
.

, ,
, ]
7
2
7
.
standard bill of lading
7
2
8
.
Standard International Trade

Classification;
SITC
[a standard numerical code system
developed by the United Nations to classify
commodities used in international trade]
[
,
;

]
7
2
9
.
statistical document, export

[document in which an exporter provides
information about exported goods required
by the body responsible for the collection of
international trade statistics (UN/ECE/FAL)]
,
[,
,
,

( /)]
7
3
0
.
standardization
[a universally agreed set of guidelines
seeking to facilitate international trade by
harmonizing individual countries traderelevant regulations. Standarized input parts
permit the creation of effective cross-country
supply chain]
7
3
1
statistical document, import

[document in which an importer provides
information about imported goods required
,
[,
,
S
by the body responsible for the collection of
international trade statistics (UN/ECE/FAL)]

( /)]
7
3
2
.
stocknote
[
,
.
: ,
, , , ,

.
-
]
7
3
3
.
stores
[goods intended for consumption by the
passengers and the crew on board vessels,
aircraft on trains, whether or not sold; Goods
necessary for the operation and
maintenance of vessels, aircraft or trains,
including fuel and lubricants but excluding
spare parts and equipment; and goods for
sale to the passengers and the crew of
vessels and aircraft with a view to being
landed. Note: Customs treatment of stores
for vessels, aircraft or trains used for
commercial purposes is dealt with in Annex
A.4. to the Kyoto Convention]
[,
,
, ,
; ,
,

(
]
7
3
4
.
stores requisition
[document issued within an enterprise
ordering the taking out of stock of goods
ordered by a customer]

[,

, ]
7
3
5
.
stowage
, ;

7
3
6
straddling Customs facilities
S
7
3
7
.
streamline
[to simplify, to modernize process of
production]
, ,
(
)
7
3
8
.
stream of supply
7
3
9
.
supplier
7
4
0
.
supplementary charges
7
4
1
.
supply
7
4
2
.
supply chain
7
4
3
.
supply chain management

[SCM plans and manages the supply chain,
i.e. the entire production and distribution
process of a good from its raw materials to
the final sale to the customer. The supply
chain usually includes third parties like
suppliers, wholesalers or intermediaries,
which are frequently located in different
countries. Thus, efficient inter-country SCM
()
[SCM plans and manages the supply chain,

i.e. the entire production and distribution
process of a good from its raw materials to the
final sale to the customer. The supply chain
usually includes third parties like suppliers,
wholesalers or intermediaries, which are
frequently located in different countries. Thus,
7
4
4
.
crucially depends on simplified and

standardized border-crossing procedures.
Optimizing the supply chain can attain
substantial cost reductions, can boost the
competitiveness of firms and can increase
their consumer-friendliness by producing
goods, which are tailored to the customers'
needs]
efficient inter-country SCM crucially depends

on simplified and standardized bordercrossing procedures. Optimizing the supply
chain can attain substantial cost reductions,
can boost the competitiveness of firms and
can increase their consumer-friendliness by
producing goods, which are tailored to the
customers' needs]
surety bond
[a bond insuring against loss or damage or
for the completion of obligations]
;

[

,

. ,

]
T
tally sheet
[list of cargo, incoming and outgoing,
checked by tally clerk on dock]
;
;

[,

]
7
4
6
.
tank wagon
[wagon designed for the bulk transport of
liquids or gases]
-
[,
]
7
4
7
.
tare weight
[the weight of the container and/or packing
materials only - excluding the weight of the
goods inside the container]
[]
[ ,

]
7
4
8
.
target zone arrangement

[ ,

"" ]
7
4
9
.
tariff applied
7
5
0
.
tariff barriers

[ ,

]
7
5
1
.
tariff classification
7
4
5
.
T
7
5
2
.
tariff distance, km
7
5
3
.
tariff quota

[,
]
7
5
4
.
tax declaration (value added tax)

[document in which an importer states the
pertinent information required by the
competent body for assessment of valueadded tax. (UN/ECE/FAL)]
(
)
[,

(
/)]
7
5
5
.
TBT Agreement
[WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to
Trade]
7
5
6
.
technical barriers to trade

TBT
[WTO agreement]

[ ,

,

, ,
,
-
.

]
7
5
7
.
Techniques and Methodology Working

Group;
TMWG
T
7
5
8
.
technical rules

[,
,

.

,

,

]
7
5
9
.
TEN
[Trans-European Transport Network]
TEN
[ ]
7
6
0
.
terminal operator
7
6
1
.
terms of delivery
7
6
2
.
third party
[any person who deals directly with the
Customs, for and on behalf of another
person, relating to the importation,
exportation, movement or storage of goods]
7
6
3
.
third party logistics;

3PL
[outsourcing all or part of a firm's logistics,
usually transport or warehousing, to an
external specialized service provider. The
firm thus seeks to benefit from the scale
effects and the expertise of the 3PL-provider
in order to obtain a cost-minimizing tailormade logistics service]
;
3PL
[ 3PL
, .
,
,

. ,
,
,
3PL-
T
.

:
,
,
. ,

,

,
-

,
3PL. ,
3PL-,
,
]
7
6
4
.
through bill of lading

T.B.L.
[bill of lading which evidences a contract of
carriage from one place to another in
separate stages of which at least one stage
is a sea transit, and by which the issuing
carrier accepts responsibility for the carriage
as set forth in the through bill of lading
(UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,

,

,
,
,
,
(
/)]
7
6
5
.
through rate
7
6
6
.
TIR Convention
TIR Transport International Road
[Customs Convention on International
Transportation of Goods using TIR carnets]

[

]
7
6
7
TIR Carnet
[international Customs document
(International Transit by Road) issued by a
( TIR)
[
,
T
guaranteeing association approved by
Customs authorities, under the cover of
which transiting goods are transported, in
most cases under a Customs seal, in road
vehicles and/or containers in compliance
with the requirements of the TIR Convention
of the International Transport of Goods under
cover of TIR Carnets (TIR Convention)]
,
,
,

,
/

( )]
7
6
8
.
to be paid by
7
6
9
.
tolling

[ ()
.

,
.

: ,
; .
,
,

]
7
7
0
.
TRACECA
[Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia]
[ -]
7
7
1
.
track gauge
[distance between a pair of rails measured
between the inside edges of the rail
heads]

[ ,

.
:
, , ]
T
7
7
2
.
trade agreement

[
,
]
7
7
3
.
trade controls

[ ,

.

,
,
..]
7
7
4
.
trade facilitation
[simplification, standardization and
harmonization of procedures and all
necessary information required for the
movement of goods from the seller to the
buyer and for payment (UN/CEFACT)]

[,

,

;

;

,

,

. :
,
(
trade promotion)
,

.

]
7
7
5
.
trade related aspects of intellectual

property rights;
TRIPS
[WTO]
T
7
7
6
.
trade procedures (international trade

procedures)
[activities, practices and formalities involved
in collecting, presenting, communicating and
processing data required for the movement
of goods in international trade (WTO). This
definition relates to a wide range of activities
such as import and export procedures (e.g.
Customs or licensing procedures); transport
formalities; payments, insurance, and other
financial requirements. Work in the area has
been carried out by organizations such as
UNCTAD, UNECE or the WCO for several
decades]

[, ,
,

.

, :
(,

),
, ,

.
50- ,
,
, .]
7
7
7
.
trade treaties

[
,
]
7
7
8
.
traffic
[freight, transportations, turnover of goods,
freight flow (TRACECA)]
,
[, , ]
7
7
9
.
traffic document
shipping documentation
7
8
0
.
traffic flow
7
8
1
.
transaction costs
[any costs paid on top of the agreed price in
an economic exchange. Transactions costs
include the costs of searching for an
appropriate exchange opportunity,
(
)
[ ,
,
]
T
negotiating a contract and enforcing it. They
also contain supplementary payments like
tariffs or ad hoc taxes and the opportunity
costs of time wasted in dealing with
bureaucracy]
7
8
2
.
transaction value

[

]
7
8
3
.
transferable letter of credit

[a letter of credit that allows all or a portion of
the proceeds to be transferred from the
original beneficiary to one or more additional
beneficiaries]
[]
[,

;
,

]
7
8
4
.
transit trade
[a cross-border trade transaction, where the
transported goods cross one or several
countries before arriving at the country of
destination. Transit trade could considerably
raise freight and transaction costs and thus
discourage cross-border trade. Major
obstacles could be different standards and
regulations, lacking transport infrastructure
or ICT usage, and border crossing fares and
delays. Article V of the GATT endorses the
freedom of transit, non-discriminatory
treatment of transit trade, and an abolition of
delays and excessive border levies, in order
to encourage transit trade.]

[a cross-border trade transaction, where the
transported goods cross one or several
countries before arriving at the country of
destination. Transit trade could considerably
raise freight and transaction costs and thus
discourage cross-border trade. Major
obstacles could be different standards and
regulations, lacking transport infrastructure or
ICT usage, and border crossing fares and
delays. Article V of the GATT endorses the
freedom of transit, non-discriminatory
treatment of transit trade, and an abolition of
delays and excessive border levies, in order to
encourage transit trade.]
7
8
5
.
transshipment
[Customs procedure under which goods are
transferred under Customs control from the
importing means of transport to the exporting
means of transport within the area of on
Customs office which is the office of both
importation and exportation (Transhipment is
dealt in Annex E.2. to the Kyoto
Convention)]
[ ,

()

,
T
( 2
)]
7
8
6
.
transshipment port
[a port where cargo is transferred from one
carrier to another or from one vessel of a
carrier to another vessel of the same carrier
without the cargo leaving the port]

[,

,
]
7
8
7
.
transit
[a process of passing through or over or the
conveyance of persons or things from one
place to another.Customs: A procedure
according to which cargo or passengers
pass from one Customs office to another
under Customs control, whereby the cargo
can pass:in inward transit, i.e. from an import
office to an inland Customs office; in outward
transit, i.e. from an inland Customs office to
an export office; in through transit, i.e. from
an import office to an export office; in interior
transit, i.e. from one inland Customs office to
another. Inward transit, outward transit and
through transit are referred to as
international Customs transit if they are done
in a single transit operation crossing several
frontiers. A prerequisite for this is a bilateral
agreement]
[ ,

,

,
, ,

.: V

]
7
8
8
.
transit bond-not
[national Customs document providing
authority for goods to be conveyed in
Customs transit without prior payment of
import duties and taxes, generally containing
all the particulars necessary for the
assessment, where appropriate, of import
duties
and taxes, and an undertaking, covered by
security, to produce the goods at the
Customs office of destination with Customs
seals intact (WCO)]

[ ,

,
, ,
, ,
,

]
7
8
9
transit duties

[,

]
T
7
9
0
.
transit traffic
7
9
1
.
transparency
[ ,

, ]
7
9
2
.
transport axes
7
9
3
.
transport chain
7
9
4
.
transport details
7
9
5
.
transport information
7
9
6
.
transport (railway transport)

[the movement of freight and passenger
trains by railway, even in those cases when
a part of the transport is carried out by
waterways (TRACECA)]
(
)
[
,
,
]
T
7
9
7
.
transport (road transport)

[the movement of laden or unladen motorvehicles by road, even if for a part of the
journey the motor-vehicle, trailer or semitrailer is using waterways or rail (TRACECA)]
( )
[
,
,

]
7
9
8
.
transport services
()
7
9
9
.
transport-unit
[any means of transporting goods suitable for
use in a Customs transit operation or under
Customs seal. The term transport-unit
means : containers having an internal
volume of on cubic metre or more, road
vehicles, including trailers and semi-trailers,
railway wagons, and lighters, barges and
similar vessels (WCO)]

[ ,

.

:
1
, ,

, ,
, ]
8
0
0
.
transportation;
conveyance;
carriage
8
0
1
.
transportation of goods
8
0
2
.
trucking
8
0
3
twenty-foot equivalent unit

TEU
[standard unit for counting containers of
;
;
8
0
4
.
various capacities and for describing the

capacities of container ships or terminals.
One 20 Foot ISO container equals 1 TEU]
[
,

;
1 ]
types of packages
U
unified Customs code
8
0
6
.
unified business agreements and

contracts;
UBAC
8
0
7
.
unified modelling language;

UML
8
0
8
.
Uniform 1964 contract
, 1964
[ -
FAS
.

,

]
8
0
9
.
unique consignment reference;

UCR
[WCO term]
8
1
0
.
unit load device;

ULD
[pallet or container for freight]
8
1
1
.
United Nations Layout Key for Trade

Documents (UNLK)
- (
);
8
0
5
.
U
8
1
2
.
United Nations Trade Data Elements

Directory (UNTDED)

;
( UNTDED)
8
1
3
.
UN/CEFACT Modelling Metholodgy (UMM)

[in "UN/CEFACT"]
8
1
4
.
unitization
[the packing of single or multiple
consignments into ULDs or pallets]
8
1
5
.
universal business language;

UBL
-;
8
1
6
.
universal (multipurpose) transport

document
()

[ ,

,

,
]
8
1
7
.
unladen transport;
empty carriage
U
8
1
8
.
unnecessary delays
8
1
9
.
urgent consignment
[goods which require rapid clearance as a
matter of priority due to :their nature, their
being relief consignments; their meeting a
fully justified urgent need]
;

[,
.
,
,
,
,

]
V
value declaration
[document in which a declarant (importer)
states the invoice or other price (e.g. selling
price, price of identical goods), and specifies
costs for freight, insurance and packing, etc.,
terms of delivery and payment, any
relationship with the trading partner etc., for
the purpose of determining the Customs
value of goods imported (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[, ()

(, ,
) ,
, . .,
, -
. .

( /)]
8
2
1
.
value insured
8
2
2
.
vessel
[any merchant vessel entered in the Register
Book or in any other official list of a Party
and sailing under the flag of this Party in
accordance with its legislation. However, this
term does not include: warships and vessels
used for non commercial purposes; fishing
boats]
[ ,

.
:
,
; ]
8
2
3
.
veterinary certificate
[document issued by the competent authority
in the exporting country evidencing that live
animals or birds are not infested or infected
with disease, and giving details regarding
their provenance, and of vaccinations and
other treatment to which they have been
subjected (UN/ECE/FAL)]

[,
-
,
,

, (
/)]
8
2
4
.
volume
8
2
5
volume of freight traffic
8
2
0
.
W
warehouse depositor
[, ]
8
2
7
.
warehouse keeper
8
2
8
.
warehouse receipt
[a receipt of commodities deposited in a
warehouse, identifying the commodities
deposited. It is non-negotiable if permitting
delivery only to a specified person or firm,
but it is negotiable if made out to the order of
a person or firm or to a bearer. Endorsement
(without endorsement if made out to bearer)
and delivery of a negotiable warehouse
receipt serves to transfer the property
covered by the receipt serves to transfer the
property covered by the receipt. Warehouse
receipts are common documents in
international banking]

[,

.
,
,
]
8
2
9
.
warehouse warrant
[FIATA]

[ ,

.
:

.

.

.

, ..
,
8
2
6
.
W
]
8
3
0
.
way bill
8
3
1
.
WCO Data Model

[UNTDED]
[
(
)]
8
3
2
.
Worldwide Insurance Electronic

Commerce;
WICe
[ ,
.

]
Asia Pacific Council for Trade Facilitation and

Electronic Business;
AFACT
[regional arm of UN/CEFACT in Asia]
-

;
[ /
]
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

[carries out significant programmes for trade
facilitation]
-
;
Andean Community;
CAN
[www.comunidadandina.org/endex.htm]
BINSA;
Black Sea International Ship Owners
Association
BRASS
[Black Sea Association of Shipbuilders and Ship
Repairmen]
BRASS
[
]
BSEC
[Black Sea Economic Cooperation]
[
]
Business Advisory Council (BAC) of the

Stability pact for Southeastern Europe
[www.businessadvisorycouncil.org]
Caribbean Community;
CARICOM
[www.caricom.org]
Central American Common Market;

CACM
CHR;
[Council of Heads of Railways]
[ ]
Common Market for Eastern and Southern

Africa;
COMESA
[www.comesa.int/index_html/view]
Council for Trade in Goods;

CTG
[CTG oversees WTO agreements on goods,
including the ATC (WTO)]
[
.
-1994
,
1a
.

.

.
,

.

- ]
Customs Cooperation Council;

CCC
[former name of WCO]
Department for International Development;

DFID
[UK; Web page : www.dfid.gov.uk]

;
()
Dispute Settlement Body of WTO;

DSB
[
IV

(),

.
,
.
,

,
,

.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
,

. ,

.

. ,
1.1.1995 ,
.

]
ECO;
Economic Cooperation Organization
[www.ecosecretariat.org]
Economic Community of West African States;

ECOWAS
[www.ecowas.int]
ECMT ;
European Conference of Ministers of
Transport
[a forum in which Ministers responsible for
transport, and more specifically the inland
transport sector, can co-operate on policy. Web
site : www.cemt.org]
[ ,
,
17 1953 .
43 , 7 (,
, , , ,
) 1 -
(). -

,
.

]
European Patent Office;

EPO
[www.european-patent-office.org]
European Union;
EU
[europa.eu]
FIATA
[International Federation of Freight Forwarders
Associations; web page www.fiata.com]
[
]
Inter-American Development Bank;

IDB
[web site: www.iadb.org]
International Air Transport Association;

IATA
[www.iata.org]
International Civil Aviation Organization;

ICAO
[A specialized agency of the United Nations, with
headquarters in Montreal. Its task is to promote
general development of civil aviation (e.g. aircraft
design and operation, safety procedures,
contractual agreements) web page:
www.icao.int]
[ ,
,

,
.

,
]
International Chamber of Commerce;

ICC
[www.iccwbo.org]
[
. 1919 ,
- .

, -
, ,

. ,
,
,
,
,

,
,
,
, ,
]
International Chamber of Shipping;
ICS
[www.marisec.org]
IFC;
[International Freighting Corporation]
International Maritime Organization;

IMO
[www.imo.org]
International Multi-Modal Transport

Association;
IMMTA
[web site : www.immta.org]
International Organization for

Standardization;
ISO
[www.iso.org]
[

.

154 (www.iso.org)]
International Road Federation;

IRF
[www.irfnet.org]
International Road Transport Union;

IRU
[www.iru.org]
[

,
(TIR), www.iru.org]
International Searching Authority;

ISA
International Trade and Business Processes

Group;
TBG of UN/CEFACT
International Trade Procedures Working

Group;
ITPWG
[UN/CEFACT]
International Union of Credit and Investment

Insurers
[website: http://www.berneunion.org.uk/]

[ 1934.

,

.
,
,

]
International Union of Railways;

UIC
Legal Working Group;

LWG
[UN/CEFACT]
Latin American Economic System;

SELA
Latin American Integration Association;

LAIA
least developed countries;

LDCs
[given special treatment at WTO and other
[given special treatment at WTO and other
organizations]
organizations]
network of trade points

[ ,
]
North American Free Trade Agreement;

NAFTA
Organization for the Advancement of

Structured Information Standards;
OASIS
[a non-for-profit, global consortium that drives the
development, convergence and adoption of ebusiness standards; web page: www.oasisopen.org]
Organization for Cooperation and Railways;

OSJD
[www.osjd.org]
Organization for Economic Co-operation and

Development;
OECD
[www.oecd.org]

[
, 29 ,
(, , ,
).

,
,
-.

,

.
-.

,
, ,

. -
().

,
,

]
SECIPRO
[a network of national PRO Committees in
Southeast Europe; a PRO Committee is a
national body that aims to increase business and
investment through the simplification and
modernization of procedures and information
exchange in administration, commerce and
transport] SECIPRO is part of SECI
[
- .
,

,
, ]
Simpler Trade Procedures Board;

SITPRO
[in the United Kingdom]
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial

Telecommunication;
SWIFT
[
, .

,

. ,
, .

]
Southern African Development Community;

SADC
South American common market;

MERCOSUR
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative;

SECI
SPECA UN;
[UN Special Programme for Economies of
Central Asia]
[
]
Techniques and Methodology Working

Group;
TMWG
[UN/CEFACT]
TRACECA;
Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia
[web site : http://www.traceca-org.org/]
;
-

:

,
..
Trade Negotiations Committee

[WTO]

[]
United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation

and Electronic Business;
UN/CEFACT
[www.unece.org/cefact/]
United Nations Code for Trade and Transport

Locations;
UN/LOCODE
[www.unece.org/locode/]
United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics

Database;
COMTRADE
[comtrade.un.org]
United Nations Conference on Trade and

Development;
UNCTAD
[www.unctad.org]
United Nations Economic and Social

Commission for Asia and the Pacific;
ESCAP
[www.unescap.org]
United Nations Economic and Social

Commission for Western Asia;
ESCWA
[www.escwa.org.lb]
United Nations Economic Commission for

Africa;
UN ECA
[www.uneca.org]
Europe;
UNECE
[www.unece.org/cefact]

Latin America and the Caribbean;
ECLAC
[www.eclac.cl]
United Nations electronic documents project;

UneDocs
[www.UNeDocs.org]
United Nations Industrial Development

Organization;
UNIDO
[www.unido.org ]
[

]
Universal Postal Union;

UPU
[web site: www.upu.int]
World Bank;
International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development
[www.worldbank.org]
[
-
().

(World Bank).
, .
-
180.
,
,
,
.

-

.
,
.
1992 .

- .
-
.

,
.
.

,
-

]
World Customs Organization (WCO)
[World Customs Organization, a multilateral body
located in Brussels through which participating
countries seek to simplify and rationalize
Customs procedures; web page:
www.wcoomd.org]

()
[ ,

()

; ,

;

,
,

]
World Economic Forum;

WEF
[www.weforum.org]
World Intellectual Property Organization;
WIPO
[www.wipo.int]
World Trade Organization;

WTO
[www.wto.org]
[ 1995
,

.
, ,
.
-
,
.
]
World Trade Point Federation

19DAA Trade Facilitation Terms An English Russian Glossary

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19DAA Trade Facilitation Terms An English Russian Glossary

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UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE

Trade Facilitation Terms:

United Nations Document A/Res/55/2.

(simplification of trade procedures),

, is another term in use5, but practically means

, which is the only literal translation, but sounds

UNECE and the UN terminologists have adopted the term

Rcommendation 4: National Trade Facilitation Bodies, which has served as a guide

24-hour Advance Manifest Rule;

administrative settlement of a Customs

advance against document

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

Advance Cargo Information System;

advice of distribution of documents

advance submission of information

Agreement on Preshipment Inspection

Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade

aircraft general declaration

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

application for certificate of origin

application for exchange allocation

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

application for goods control certificate

[document submitted to a competent body by

application for inspection certificate

application for phytosanitary certificate

[document submitted to a competent body by

arrival notice (of goods)

assessment of duties and taxes

attached to frontier trade (Cus)

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

audit-based control (Cus)

Automated Brokerage Interface (ABI)

Automated Manifest System (AMS)

Automated System for Customs Data (see

Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI)

average clearance time (Cus)

average release time (Cus)

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

barcode (bar code)

Basic Semantic Register;

Basic Semantic Unit;

bill of lading (B/L)

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

block train (railway service)

bogie exchange station ;

bonded transport regime

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

budgetary efficiency of import

Business Process and information

Business Process Specification Schema;

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

of goods and services from the exporting

calling forward notice

capacity load; maximum load

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

cargo handling organization

arriage by sea [sea shipping]

carriage way [traffic way]

carrier (road transport)

TRADE FACILITATION TERMS

cartage order (local transport)