You are on page 1of 9

TT LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NGY MI 18A/88 INH VN T - TP.

HI DNG
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
L thuyt trc nghim anehit Xeton

I. nh ngha - Phn loi - cng thc
Cu 1: Cu no sau y l cu khng ng?
A. Hp cht hu c c nhm, chc CHO lin kt vi H l anehit.
B. Anehit va th hin tnh kh, va th hin tnh oxi ha.
C. Hp cht R - CHO c th iu ch c t R - CH
2
OH.
D. Trong phn t anehit cc nguyn t ch lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt o.
Cu 2: Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v anehit?
A. Mt anehit no n chc khi chy cho s mol H
2
O bng s mol CO
2

B. Bt k anehit no khi phn ng vi lng d AgNO
3
/NH
3
lun cho: n
Ag
= 2.n
anehit

C. CTTQ ca mt anehit no mch h bt k l C
n
H
2n+2-2x
O
x
(x l s nhm -CHO).
D. C A, C u ng.
Cu 3: Chn cm t thch hp in vo khong trng () trong cu sau:
l hp cht hu c trong phn t c nhm chc -CHO lin kt vi gc hirocacbon thm.
A. Axit cacboxylic B. Anehit thm C. Phenol D. Lipit
Cu 4: Cng thc chung ca axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h l:
A. C
n
H
2n
O
2
B. C
n
H
2n+2
O
2
C. C
n
H
2n+1
O
2
D. C
n
H
2n-1
O
2
Cu 5: Cng thc tng qut ca anehit no n chc c th l cng thc no trong s cc cng thc sau:
A. C
x
H
y
CHO (x > 0; y s 2x + 1) B. C
x
H
2x
O (x > 1, nguyn)
C. C
x
H
2x+1
CHO (x > 0, nguyn) D. C B v C u ng.
Cu 6: Chc X l mt andehit mch h cha a nhm chc andehit v b lin kt i C = C gc
hirocacbon. Cng thc phn t ca cht X c dng no sau y?
A. C
n
H
2n-2a-2b
O
a
B. C
n
H
2n-a
O
a
C. C
n
H
2n+2a-b
O
a
D. C
n
H
2n+2-2a-2b
O
a
Cu 7: Hp cht hu c mch h c cng thc chung l C
n
H
2n
O c th thuc dy ng ng no sau y?
A. Ru no, n chc B. Andehit no, n chc.
C. Ete no, n chc D. Xeton khng no.
Cu 8: Cho hp cht hu c c cng thc chung C
n
H
2n
O. Cng thc ny l cng thc chung ca loi hp
cht no?
A. Andehit no, n chc B. Xeton no, n chc.
C. Ru khng no, n chc, cha 1 lin kt i. D. C A, B, C
Cu 9: Mt andehit no (Z) mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc nguyn l (C
2
H
3
O)
n
. Cng thc phn t
ca (Z) l cht no sau y?
A. C
2
H
4
(CHO)
2
B. CH
3
CHO C. C
2
H
5
CHO D. C
4
H
8
(CHO)
2

Cu 10: Mt andehit no c cng thc thc nghim l (C
2
H
3
O)
n
, c my CTCT ng vi CTPT ca andehit ?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 11: Nhn xt no di y khng ng?
A. Tt c cc andehit no, n chc mch h u c cc ng phn thuc chc andehit v chc ancol.
B. Tt c cc xeton no n chc, mch h u c cc ng phn thuc chc andehit v chc ancol.
C. Tt c cc ancol n chc, mch h c mt lin kt kp u c cc ng phn thuc chc andehit
D. Tt c cc ancol n chc, mch vng no u c cc ng phn thuc chc andehit v chc xeton.
Cu 12: Hp cht A c cng thc tng qut l C
n
H
2n-2
O
2
. Vy A thuc dy ng ng:
A. Axit n chc c 1 lin kt C = C B. Anehit nh chc, no
C. Xeton nh chc, no D. C A, B v C u ng.
Cu 13: Chn pht biu sai:
A. Tng t lin kt C = C, lin kt C=O trong phn t HCHO gm mt lin kt o v mt lin kt
km bn, tuy nhin khc vi lin kt C = C, lin kt C = O phn cc mnh.
B. Fomon hay fomanlin l dung dch cha khong 37 - 40% HCHO trong ru.
TI LIU LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NM 2011
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
C. iu kin thng th cc andehit u dy ng ng l cht kh v tan rt tt trong nc
D. Xiclohexanon c ding lm nguyn liu sn xut mt s polime nh t capron, nilon -6,6
Cu 14: Xt cc loi hp cht hu c mch h sau: Ancol n chc no (X); anehit n chc no (Y), ancol n
chc khng no c 1 ni i (Z), anehit n chc, khng no c 1 ni i (T). ng vi cng thc tng qut C
n
H
2n
O
ch c 2 cht, l nhng cht no?
A. X, Y B. Y, Z C. Z, T D. X, T
Cu 15: Cho cc cu sau:
a. Andehit l hp cht hu c trong phn t ch cha nhm cacbonyl >C = O.
b. Andehit no n chc c cng thc chung C
n
H
2n+1
CHO (n > 0).
c. Xeton l nhng hp cht m trong phn t c nhm >C = O lin kt vi hai gc hirocacbon.
d. Andehit l xeton l hai dng ng phn ca nhau.
Phng n gm nhng cu ng l:
A. a, b, d B. b, c, d C. b, c D. Tt c u ng.
Cu 16: Cu no khng ng khi ni v nhm cacbonyl (>C = O)?
A. Trong nhm CHO, lin kt C=O gm mt lin kt bn v mt lin kt km bn
B. Lin kt > C = O b phn cc v pha nguyn t C.
C. Nhm cacbonyl (>C = O) trong phn t Xeton c lin kt trc tip vi hai nguyn t cacbon
D. Nhm cacbonyl > C = O u c trong anehit v xeton.

II. ng phn - danh php
Cu 1: Tn ng ca cht: CH
3
-CH
2
-CH
2
-CHO l g?
A. Propan-1-al. B. Propanal. C. Butan-1-al. D. Butanal.
Cu 2: Anehit propionic c CTCT no trong s cc cng thc di y?
A. CH
3
-CH
2
-CH
2
-CHO. B. CH
3
-CH
2
-CHO.
C. CH
3
-CH(CH
3
)-CHO. D. H-COO-CH
2
-CH
3
.
Cu 3: Cht CH
3
-CH
2
-CH
2
-CO-CH
3
c tn l g trong s cc cht sau:
A. Pentan- 4-on. B. Pentan-4-ol. C. Pentan-2-on. D. Pentan-2-ol.
Cu 4: Gi tn hp cht c cng thc cu to nh sau:
2 2 3
CH CH CO CH CH =
A. ietyl xeton B. etylvinyl xeton C. pentanol - 3 D. vinyletyl xeton
Cu 5: Cho 5 tn gi: axetophenon ; propan - 2 - on, metyl phenyl xeton, imetyl xeton v axeton. Hy cho bit
l tn gi ca my cht:
A. 2 cht B. 3 cht C. 4 cht D. 5 cht
Cu 6: Hp cht c tn gi: 4 - metylpent - 2 - en -1 - al. Hy xc nh CTCT ng trong s cc CTCT sau:
A. CH
2
=CH-CH(CH
3
)-CH
2
-CHO. B. CH
3
-CH(CH
3
)-CH(CHO)=CH
2
.
C. CH
3
-CH(CH
3
)-CH
2
-CH
2
-CHO. D. CH
3
-CH(CH
3
)-CH=CH-CHO.
Cu 7: Chn tn ng ca cht sau: CH
3
-CH
2
-CO-C
6
H
5
.
A. Etylphenyl xeton. B. Etanphenyl xeton.
C. Etanbenzen xeton. D. Etyl cacbonylphenyl.
Cu 8: Cho hp cht HCHO, tn gi no sau y ca hp cht trn l khng ng?
A. Anehit fomic B. Metanal C. Fomon D. Fomanehit
Cu 9: Cht CH
3
- CH
2
- CH
2
- CO - CH
3
c tn l g?
A. Pentan - 4 - on B. Pentan - 4 - ol C. Pentan - 2 - on D. Pentan - 2- ol
Cu 10: Cho xeton c cng thc phn t:
3 2 6 5
CH CO CH C H . Tn gi ca xeton ny l:
A. Phenyl axeton B. axetophenon
C. Benzyl metyl xeton D. C A v C ng
Cu 11: Gi tn hp cht c CTCT nh sau theo danh php IUPAC:
3
CH CH(OH) CHCl CHO
A. 1-clo- 1- oxo- propanol-2 B. 2-clo-3-hiroxi-butanal
C. 3-hiroxit-2-clobutanal D. 2-hiroxi-1-clo-1-oxopropan
TT LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NGY MI 18A/88 INH VN T - TP. HI DNG
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
Cu 12: Andehit X (c s trong phn t < 4) c t khi hi so vi H
2
bng 36. S cng thc cu to c th c ca
X l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 13: ng vi cng thc phn t C
3
H
6
O ta c s ng phn anehit, s ng phn xeton v tng s ng
phn mch h tn ti c ln lt l:
A. 1, 2, 4 B. 1, 1, 5 C. 1, 1, 4 D. 1, 2, 6
Cu 14: ng vi CTPT C
4
H
8
O c tng s ng phn gm anehit v xeton?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 15: C bao nhiu ng phn cu to ca xeton c cng thc phn t C
5
H
10
O?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 16: ng vi CTPT C
5
H
10
O c bao nhiu ng phn gm anehit v xeton?
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
Cu 17: C bao nhiu ng phn mch h C
2
H
4
O
2
cho phn ng trng gng.
A. 3 B. 2 C. 4 D. Kt qu khc.

iii. tnh cht vt l
Cu 1: Dung dch fomalin c dng ngm xc ng vt, da, ty u v dit trng. Dung dch fomalin l
dung dch bo ha ca andehit fomic c
A. 37 - 40% axetanehit. B. 37 - 40% fomanehit. C. 27 - 30% fomanehit. D. 27 - 30% axetanehit.
Cu 2: Th t tng dn nhit si ca cc cht: anehit propionic (X), propan (Y), ancol etylic (Z) v
imetyl ete (T) dy no l ng?
A. X < Y < Z < T B. T < X < Y < Z C. Z < T < X < Y D. Y < T < X < Z
Cu 3: Chiu gim dn nhit si (t tri qua phi) ca cc cht: CH
3
CHO, C
2
H
5
OH, H
2
O l:
A. H
2
O, C
2
H
5
OH, CH
3
CHO B. H
2
O, CH
3
CHO,

C
2
H
5
OH.
C. CH
3
CHO, H
2
O, C
2
H
5
OH D. C
2
H
5
OH, CH
3
CHO, H
2
O.
Cu 4: So snh nhit si ca cc cht sau: propanol - 1(1), propanal (2), 1 - clo - propan (3). Nhit si tng
dn theo dy:
A. (1) < (2) < (3) C. (3) < (2) <(1) B. (2) < (3) < (1) D. (3) < (1) < (2)
Cu 5: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang phi l:
A. CH
3
COOH, HCOOH, C
2
H
5
OH CH
3
CHO B. CH
3
CHO, C
2
H
5
OH, HCOOH, CH
3
COOH
C. CH
3
COOH, C
2
H
5
OH, HCOOH, CH
3
CHO D. HCOOH, CH
3
COOH, C
2
H
5
OH, CH
3
CHO
Cu 6: Cho cc cht sau: CH
3
CHO (1), C
2
H
5
OH(2), CH
3
CH
3
(3) , CH
3
CH
2
Cl (4). Dy no sp xp ng th
t gim dn nhit si ca cc cht trn?
A. (3) > (2) > (1) > (4) B. (2) > (3) > (1) > (4)
C. (1) > (2) > (3) > (4) D. (2) > (1) > (4) > (3)
Cu 7: Cho cc cht sau: cloro benzen (1), Phenol (2), andehit benzoic (3). Nhit si tng dn theo dy:
A. (1) < (2) < (3) C. (3) < (2) < (1) B. (3) < (1) < (2) D. (1) < (3) < (2)

iv. tnh cht ho hc
Cu 1: Andehit c th tham gia phn ng trng gng v phn ng vi H
2
(Ni, t
0
). Qua hai phn ng ny
chng t andehit:
A. Ch th hin tnh kh B. Khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ho
C. Th hin c tnh kh v tnh oxi ho. D. Ch th hin tnh oxi ho.
Cu 2: Nhn xt no sau y l ng?
A. Anehit v xeton u lm mt mu dd Br
2
. B. Anehit v xeton u khng lm mt mu dd Br
2

C. Xeton lm mt mu dd Br
2
cn anehit th khng. D. Anehit lm mt mu dd Br
2
cn xeton th khng.
Cu 3: Tm cu sai trong s cc cu sau:
A. Nh nc brom vo dung dch anehit th mu ca nc brom b mt.
B. Nh nc brom vo dung dch xeton th mu ca nc brom khng b mt.
TI LIU LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NM 2011
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
C. Nh dung dch KMnO
4
vo dung dch anehit th mu tm khng b mt.
D. Nh dung dch KMnO
4
vo dung dch xeton th mu tm khng b mt.
Cu 4: Phn ng trng bc c ng dng nhn bit anehit v trng gng, trng rut phch. Trong
phn ng th th ion Ag
+
thnh Ag; andehit l . Xc nh ch in vo du ()
A. b kh, cht oxi ha B. b oxi ha, cht kh C. b kh, cht kh D. b oxi ha, cht oxi ha
Cu 5: Trong cc cht di y, cht no khng tham gia phn ng trng bc?
A. C
6
H
5
CHO B. C
2
H
5
-CO-CH
3
C. CH
3
CHO D. O=CH - CH=O

Cu 6: Tnh cht c trng ca fomandehit l:
1. Cht lng 2. C mi xc 3. Rt c 4. Khng tan trong nc
Tham gia cc phn ng:
5. oxi ho 6. Kh 7. Este ho 8. trng hp 9. trng ngng 10. trng bc.
Nhng tnh cht sai:
A. 1, 3, 5, 7 B. 1, 4, 7 C. 4, 7, 9, (10) D. 3, 6, 7, 9, 10
Cu 8: un nng dung dch fomanlin vi phenol d c axit xc tc, thu c loi nha c cu trc:
A. Mng khng gian B. Dng khng phn nhnh
C. Dng mch vng D. Dng mch thng
Cu 9: Hp cht hu c m phn t c nhm cacbonyl lin kt trc tip vi nguyn t C hoc nguyn t H
c gi l:
A. Axit cacboxylic. B. Anehit. C. Xeton. D. Este.
Cu 10: Tm pht biu sai:
A. Anehit axetic va c tnh kh va c tnh oxi ha.
B. Anehit l hp cht trung gian gia ancol v axit cacboxylic.
C. Ch c anehit c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng.
D. Anehit tham gia phn ng trng ngng vi phenol.
Cu 11: Nhn nh v anehit:
1. Anehit l hp cht ch c tnh kh.
2. Anehit khi tc dng vi hiro (c xc tc Ni, t
0
) chuyn thnh ancol bc 1.
3. Anehit khi tc dng vi dung dch AgNO
3
trong NH
3
sinh ra Ag kim loi.
4. Anehit thuc dy ng ng ca anehit fomic c cng thc phn t tng qut l C
n
H
2n
O.
Cc nhn nh ng l:
A. 1, 2, 3 B. 2, 3, 4 C. 1, 3, 4 D. 1, 2, 4
Cu 12: Kh xeton bng hiro thu c sn phm l:
A. Ru bc I B. Ru bc II C. Ru no D. Ankanol.
Cu 13: Cht no sau y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng?
A. Axit fomic B. Metanal C. Propanal D. C A, B v C u ng.
Cu 14: Thc hin phn ng trng gng 0,1 mol anehit A thu c 0,4 mol Ag. Cng thc cu to ca A
l:
A. (CHO)
2
B. HCHO C. CH
2
(CHO)
2
D. C A, B v C u ng.
Cu 15: Anehit axetic tham gia phn ng cng vi hiro to ancol etylic, tham gia phn ng trng gng
to kt ta sng bng. Trong hai trng hp trn, anehit axetic ng vai tr l:
A. Cht kh B. Cht oxi ha
C. Cht kh + mi trng D. Cht oxi ha + cht kh.
Cu 16: Cho cc cu sau:
a) Anehit l hp cht hu c trong phn t c nhm - CHO.
b) Anehit v xeton c phn ng cng hiro ging etilen nn chng thuc loi hp cht khng no.
c) Anehit ging axetilen v u tc dng vi dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
.
d) Anehit no n chc, mch h c cng thc phn t C
n
H
2n
O.
e) Hp cht c cng thc phn t C
n
H
2n
O l anehit no, n chc.
Nhng cu ng l:
A. a, b, c, d B. a, b, d C. a, b, d, e C. a, b, c, e
TT LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NGY MI 18A/88 INH VN T - TP. HI DNG
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
Cu 17: t chy mt hn hp cc ng ng ca anehit ta thu c s mol CO
2
= s mol H
2
O. Cc cht thuc
dy ng ng no di y?
A. Anehit n chc no B. Anehit vng no
C. Anehit 2 chc no D. Anehit khng no n chc.
Cu 18: t chy hon ton cht hu c A thu c s mol CO
2
bng vi s mol hi nc. Vy A thuc dy
ng ng no di y
A. Ankanol B. Ankenol C. Ankanal D. C B v C ng.
Cu 19: t chy hon ton mt xeton no n chc, mch h A thu c:
A.
2 2
CO H O
n n > B.
2 2
CO H O
n n = C.
2 2
CO H O
n n < D.
2 2
2
CO H O
n n =
Cu 20: Khi t chy hon ton anehit no, n chc mch h bng oxi th t l s sn phm chy thu c:
A.
2 2
/ 1
H O CO
n n = B.
2 2
/ 1
H O CO
n n < C.
2 2
/ 1
H O CO
n n > D.
2 2
/ 1/ 2
H O CO
n n =
Cu 21: Anehit mch h X cng hp vi H
2
theo t l 1 : 2 (lng H
2
ti a) to ra cht Y. Cho Y tc dng ht
vi Na thu c th tch H
2
bng th tch X phn ng to ra Y ( cng t
0
, p). Vy X thuc loi cht no sau y?
A. Anehit no, n chc. B. An ehit khng no cha mt ni i C = C, n chc.
C. Anehit no, hai chc. D. Anehit khng no (cha mt ni i C = C) hai chc.
Cu 22: Cu no sau y l khng ng?
A. Anehit cng hiro to thnh ancol bc mt.
B. Anehit tc dng vi dung dch bc nitrat trong amoniac sinh ra bc kim loi.
C. Anehit no, n chc c cng thc phn t dng tng qut l C
n
H
2n +2
O.
D. Khi tc dng vi hiro xeton b kh thnh ancol bc II.
Cu 23: Trong phng trnh phn ng: CH
2
= C(CHO)
2
+ pH
2
?. Gi tr ti a ca p l:
A. p = 1 B. p = 3 C. p = 5 D. p = 7
Cu 24: Khi hiro ho mt hp cht (X) thu c ancol isobutylic. Hi cng thc cu to ng ca (X) l
cht no sau y?
A.
3
|
3
CH CH CHO
CH
B.
2 2
|
3
CH C CH OH
CH
=
C.
2
|
3
CH C CHO
CH
= D. C A, B, C u ng.
Cu 25: Nh dung dch anehit fomic vo ng nghim cha kt ta Cu(OH)
2
, un nng nh s thy kt ta gch.
Phng trnh ha hc no sau y biu din ng hin tng xy ra?
A. H - CH = O + Cu(OH)
2

OH

H - COOH + Cu + H
2
O
B. H - CH = O + Cu(OH)
2

OH

H - COOH + CuO + H
2
C. H - CH = O + 2Cu(OH)
2

OH

H - COOH + Cu
2
O + H
2
O
D. H - CH = O + 2Cu(OH)
2

OH

H - COOH + 2CuOH + H
2
O
Cu 26: Hp cht hu c A phn ng vi AgNO
3
/NH
3
theo t l mol 1 : 3 v to ra bc kim loi theo t l
mol 1 : 2. Cng thc cu to ca A l:
A. CH CH B. CHO - CHO C. CH C- CHO D. CH
2
= CH CHO
Cu 27: Hp cht X c cng thc C
3
H
6
O tc dng c vi nc brom v tham gia phn ng trng gng.
Cng thc cu to ca X l cng thc no sau y?
A. CH
2
= CH - CH
2
OH B. CH
2
= CH - O - CH
3
C. CH
3
CH
2
CH = O D. CH
3
- CO - CH
3
.
Cu 28: Trong cc phong trnh phn ng sau. Khi cho hp cht C
n
H
2n+2-m
(CHO)
m
tc dng vi H
2
c xc tc
Ni nung nng. Phng trnh vit ng l:
A. C
n
H
2n+2-m
(CHO)
m
+ pH
2
C
n
H
2n-m
(CH
2
OH)
m
B. C
n
H
2n+2-m
(CHO)
m
+ pH
2
C
n
H
2n+2-m
(CHO)
m-p
(CH
2
OH)
p
C. C
n
H
2n+2-m
(CHO)
m
+ pH
2
C
n
H
2n+2-m
(CH
2
OH)
m
D. C
n
H
2n+2-m
(CHO)
m
+ pH
2
C
n
H
2n+2-m -p
(CH
2
OH)
m
Cu 29: Cho cc cht: H
2
, dd KMnO
4
, dung dch Br
2
. S cht c phn ng vi (CH
3
)
2
CO l:
TI LIU LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NM 2011
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
A. 2 B. 1 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 30: Cho cc cht: H
2
, dd KMnO
4
, dung dch Br
2
. S cht phn ng vi C
2
H
5
CHO l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 3
Cu 31: Cho cc cht: HCHO, CH
3
CHO, HCOOH, CH
3
COOH, CH
2
= CHCOOH. S cht phn ng vi
dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 32: Dy gm cht u tc dng vi dung dch AgNO
3
trong dung dch NH
3
l:
A. Andehit axetic, but - 1 - in, etilen. B. Andehit axetic, axetilen, etilen
C. Andehit formic, axetilen, etilen D. Axit formic, vinyl axetilen, propin
Cu 33: Cho cc cht sau: CH
3
COOH, HCOOH, C
6
H
5
OH, CH
2
= CHCOOH, CH
3
CHO, CH
3
COCH
3
. Dy m tt
c cc cht u khng phn ng vi dung dch Br
2
l:
A. CH
3
COOH, CH
3
COCH
3
B. CH
3
COOH, C
6
H
5
OH, CH
3
COCH
3

C. C
6
H
5
OH, CH
2
= CHCOOH, CH
3
CHO D. CH
3
COOH, CH
3
COCH
3
, CH
3
CHO
Cu 34: Nha Novolac c iu ch trc tip t monome no sau y?
A. Phenol v anehit fomic B. Vinyl clorua
C. Metyl metacrylat D. Axit metacrylat.
Cu 35: Bit hp cht hu c A ch cha mt loi nhm chc, khi thc hin phn ng trng gng cho t l
mol n
A
: n
Ag
= 1 : 4. Nu t chy A vi lng oxi va ta lun c t l mol:
2 2 2
O CO H O
n : n : n = 3 : 4 : 2.
Vy cng thc phn t ca A l:
A. CH
2
O B. CH
2
O
2
C. C
2
H
2
O
2
D. C A, B, C u ng
Cu 36: Nhn nh no sau y ng?
A. Tt c cc hp cht cacbonyl khi cng hiro c xc tc Ni, un nng u to thnh ancol bc 1.
B. Xeton cng vi hiro to thnh ancol bc 2.
C. Phn ng cng hiro vo andehit hoc xeton l phn ng oxi ho.
D. Tt c u ng.
Cu 37: Axeton khng phn ng vi cht no?
A. H
2
B. HCN C. Dung dch KMnO
4
D. H
2
O
Cu 38: Xt phn ng sau:
1.
|
3 3 3 3
|| |
CN
CH C CH HCN CH C CH
O OH
+ . 2.
|
3 3 2 3 3
|| |
H
CH C CH H CH C CH
O OH
+
3.
3 2 2 3
|| ||
CH C H Br H O CH C O H 2HBr
O O
+ + +
4.
|
3 3
|| |
CN
CH C H HCN CH C H
O OH
+
Phn ng no khng ng ?
A. Phn ng 1 B. Phn ng 3 C. Phn ng 1 v 3 D. p n khc
Cu 39: Cho CH
3
CHO phn ng vi nhng cht no?
A. H
2
, CuO, H
2
O B. Dung dch Br
2
, dung dch KMnO
4
, Na.
C. Na, O
2
, dung dch Cu(OH)
2
D. H
2
, HCN, dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3

Cu 40: iu no sau y khng ng?
A. Xeton cng hp vi hiro to ra ru bc 2. B. Andehit va th hin tnh oxi ho, tnh kh.
C. Cc andehit u trng bc theo t l
andehit Ag
n : n 1: 2 = . A. Xeton kh b oxi ho
Cu 41: Hp cht C
3
H
6
O
2
c my ng phn tham gia phn ng trng gng?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 42: Nu gi x l s mol cht C
n
H
2n - 2
O
2
b t chy v s mol CO
2
, nc thu c l
2
CO
n ,
2
H O
n th
kt lun no sau y l ng?
TT LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NGY MI 18A/88 INH VN T - TP. HI DNG
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
A.
2 2
CO H O
x n n = = B.
2 2
CO H O
x n n = C.
( )
2 2
CO H O
x 2 n n = D.
2 2
H O CO
x n n =
Cu 43: Trong cc pht biu sau pht biu no sai khi ni v anehitfomic ?
A. iu kin thng HCHO l cht kh, tan nhiu trong nc.
B. HCHO th hin tnh oxi ho khi tc dng vi cc cht kh nh H
2
(xt: Ni, t
0
), AgNO
3
/NH
3
C. HCHO th hin tnh kh khi gp cc cht oxi ho nh dd AgNO
3
/NH
3
, Cu(OH)
2
/NaOH...
D. HCHO cn c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp v trng ngng.
Cu 44: Dy hp cht no sau y phn ng c vi andehit formic?
A. H
2
(xt: Ni, t
0
), Na
2
SO
4
, AgNO
3
/NH
3
C. KMnO
4
(mt: H
+
), Ca(OH)
2

B. H
2
(xt: Ni, t
0
), Cu(OH)
2
/NaOH, t
o
D. C A, B, C.
Cu 45: Hy chn cu pht biu sai:
A. Ch c HCHO mi c phn ng vi dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
v Cu(OH)
2
/NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 4
B. Andehit l cht kh khi tc dng vi AgNO
3
/NH
3
, cn xeton l cht oxi ha khi tc dng vi H
2

C. Andehit l sn phm trung gian gia ancol v axit cacboxylic.
D. Lin kt i trong nhm cacbonyl (C = O) ca andehit l lin kt b phn cc v pha nguyn t O
Cu 46: Hn hp A gm metanal v etanal. Khi oxi ho hiu sut 100% m (g) hn hp X thu c hn hp
B gm hai axit hu c tng ng c d
B/A
= a. Gi tr a trong khong:
A. 1,4555 < a < 1,586 B. 1,3636 < a < 1,5333
C. 1,268 < a < 1,471 D. 1,628 < a < 1,758
Cu 47: t chy hon ton a mol mt andehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO
2
v c mol H
2
O (bit b = a + c).
Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch nhng 2 electron. Vy X thuc dy ng ng andehit:
A. Khng no (c mt ni i), n chc. B. No, n chc.
C. Khng no (c hai ni i), n chc. D. No, hai chc.
Cu 48: t chy hon ton a mol mt andehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO
2
v c mol H
2
O (bit b = 2a +
c). Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch nhng 2 electron. Vy X thuc dy ng ng andehit:
A. Khng no (c mt ni i), n chc. B. No, n chc.
C. Khng no (c hai ni i), n chc. D. No, hai chc.
Cu 49: C
3
H
6
O c bao nhiu ng phn mch h, bn c kh nng lm mt mu dung dch Br
2
?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 50: Phn ng CH
3
- CH
2
- OH + CuO CH
3
- CHO + Cu + H
2
O thuc loi phn ng g?
A. Phn ng th B. Phn ng cng
C. Phn ng tch D. Khng thuc ba loi phn ng trn.
Cu 51: Hp cht X khi un nh vi dd AgNO
3
c sn phm Y. Cho Y tc dng vi dd HCl hoc dung
dch NaOH th sn phm thu c u l cht kh v c. Vy X l cht no sau y?
A. HCHO B. HCOOH C. HCOONH
4
D. A, B, C u ph hp
Cu 52: Hp cht hu c X khi un nh vi dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
(dng d) thu c sn phm Y. Khi cho
Y tc dng vi dung dch HCl hoc dung dch NaOH u cho kh thuc loi cht v c Z, T. Vy cng thc
phn t ca X khng l p n no sau y?
A. H - CHO B. H - COOH C. HCOO - NH
4
D. HCOO - CH
3
.
Cu 53: Cp cht no sau y u c phn ng trng gng ?
A. CH
3
COOH v HCOOH B. HCOOH v C
6
H
5
COOH
C. HCOOH v HCOONa D. C
6
H
5
ONa v HCOONa
Cu 54: Cho cc hp cht hu c: C
2
H
2
, C
2
H
4
, CH
2
O, CH
2
O
2
(mch h), C
3
H
4
O
2
(mch h, n chc). Bit
C
3
H
4
O
2
khng lm chuyn mu qu tm m. S cht tc dng vi dd AgNO
3
trong NH
3
to ra kt ta l:
A. 2 B. 5 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 55: t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht hu c X, thu c 4mol CO
2
. Cht X tc dng c vi Na,
tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng cng Br
2
theo t l mol 1 : 1. Cng thc cu to ca X l:
A. HOOC-CH= CH- COOH B. HO - CH
2
- CH
2
- CHO
C. HO-CH
2
-CH
2
-CH=CH-CHO D. HO-CH
2
-CH=CH-CHO

TI LIU LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NM 2011
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
v. iu ch v ng dng
Cu 1: Fomanhit c iu ch trong cng nghip l t:
A. Metan. B. Metanol. C. Cacbon. D. C A v B.
Cu 2: Hirat ha ankin thu c sn phm hu c l:
A. Anehit B. Xeton C. axit cacboxylic D. C A v B u ng.
Cu 3: Andehit axetic khng th iu ch trc tip t cht no di y?
A. Axetilen B. Ancol etylic C. Axit axetic D. Vinyl axetat
Cu 4: Trong cng nghip anehit fomic c iu ch trc tip t cht no trong cc cht sau y?
A. Ancol etylic B. Axit fomic C. Ancol metylic D. Metyl axetat.
Cu 5: Trong cng nghip, anehit fomic c iu ch trc tip:
A. Ch t metan B. Ch t axit fomic
C. Ch t ancol etylic D. T metan hoc t ancol metylic
Cu 6: iu ch trc tip axetanehit ch bng mt phn ng c th i t cht no trong s cc cng thc
sau:
A. 1,1 - ibrometan B. cloruavinyl C. etanol D. C A, B, C.
Cu 7: un nng hai cht hu c A v B vi CuO thu c propanal v etyl metyl xeton. Vy tn gi ca A
v B l:
A. propan-2-ol v butan-1-ol B. propan-1-ol v butan-2-ol
C. propan-1-ol v 2-metylpropan-1-ol D. butan-1-ol v 2- metylpropan-2-ol
Cu 8: Phng php no sau y c dng trong cng nghip sn xut HCHO?
A. Oxi ho metanol nh xc tc Cu hoc Pt B. Oxi ho metan nh xc tc NO
C. Thu phn CH
2
Cl
2
trong mi trng kim D. A v B.
Cu 9: T metan iu ch andehit axetic ti thiu qua my phn ng?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 10: T metan, thng qua 1 phn ng, iu ch c cht no sau y?
A. HCHO B. CH
3
CHO C. C
6
H
5
OH D. A, B, C u ng.
Cu 11: ti to li andehit hay xeton t hp cht kt tinh bisunfit ngi ta dng dung dch cht no sau
y:
A. dd HCl B. dd NaOH C. dd H
2
SO
4
(l) D. C A, B, C
Cu 12: Dy gm cc cht u iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra anehit axetic l:
A. C
2
H
5
OH, C
2
H
2
, CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
B. CH
3
COOH, C
2
H
2
, C
2
H
4
C. C
2
H
5
OH, C
2
H
4
, C
2
H
2
D. HCOOC
2
H
3
, C
2
H
2
, CH
3
COOH
Cu 13: Axeton l nguyn liu tng hp nhiu dc phm v mt s cht do, mt lng ln axeton dng
lm dung mi trong sn xut t nhn to v thuc sng khng khi.
Vy axeton c th iu ch bng phng php no sau y?
A. Oxi ho ru isopropylic C. Nhit phn CH
3
COOH/xt hoc (CH
3
COO)
2
Ca
B. Chng khan g D. Oxi ho cumen (isopropyl benzen).
Cu 14*: ng dng no sau y ca andehit fomic?
A. iu ch dc phm B. Tng hp phm nhum
C. Cht st trng, x l ht ging D. Sn xut thuc tr su.

vi. nhn bit - phn bit
Cu 1: Dng nhng ho cht no d phn bit cc cht: andehit axetic, ancol etylic, glixerol, imetyl ete?
A. Dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
, Cu(OH)
2
, Na. B. Dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
,

CuO.
C. Na, dung dch KMnO
4
D. Dung dch Br
2
, Cu(OH)
2

Cu 2: Cho cc dd thuc th: AgNO
3
/NH
3
; Br
2
; Na
2
CO
3
; qu tm, KMnO
4
. S thuc th c th dng phn bit 3
cht: etanal (andehit axetic), propan-2-on (axeton) v pent-1-in (pentin-1) l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
TT LUYN THI & BI DNG KIN THC NGY MI 18A/88 INH VN T - TP. HI DNG
HOAHOC.ORG NG XUN QUNH
09798.17.8.85 09367.17.8.85 - netthubuon Website: www.hoahoc.org - admin@hoahoc.org
Cu 3: Cho cc thuc th sau: Na, K, AgNO
3
/NH
3
, Cu(OH)
2
/OH
-
. S thuc th c th dng phn bit 2
bnh ring bit, mt nhn ng ru etylic l 45
0
v dung dch fomalin l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 4: Ch dng mt ho cht no di y phn bit hai bnh mt nhn cha kh C
2
H
2
v HCHO?
A. dd AgNO
3
/NH
3
B. dd NaOH C. dd Br
2
D. Cu(OH)
2

vii. S iu ch
Cu 1: Cho s sau: andehit (X) (Y) (Z) HCHO. Cc cht X, Y, Z c th l:
A. HCHO; CH
3
ONa; CH
3
OH B. CH
3
CHO; CH
3
COONa; CH
4

C. CH
3
CHO; CH
3
COOH; CH
4
D. HCHO; CH
3
OH; HCOOCH
3

Cu 2: Cho s sau: X
0 0
2 3 2 2
0 0
Ag O/ NH ,t Cl H O CuO,t
500 C OH ,t
Y Z T G(axit acrylic)

+ + + +

Cc cht (X) v (Z) c th l nhng cht c ghi dy no sau y?
A. C
3
H
8
v CH
3
- CH
2
- CH
2
- OH B. C
2
H
6
v CH
2
= CH - CHO
C. C
3
H
6
v CH
2
= CH - CHO D. C
3
H
6
v CH
2
= CH - CH
2
OH
Cu 3: Cho s phn ng: CH
3
COONa
0 0
2
Cl ,as dd NaOH,t CuO, t
1:1
X Y Z T
0
vi ti xt , t
.
Cho bit: X, Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c. Vy cng thc ca T l:
A. CH
2
O
2
B. CH
3
CHO C. CH
3
OH D. HCHO.
Cu 4: Cho s : CH
3
COONa
2
CaO Cl NaOH CuO
1 2 3 4 NaOH askt
A A A A
Vy A
1
, A
4
l nhng cht g?
A. CH
4
, HCHO B. CH
4
, CH
3
OH
C. CH
3
COOH, CH
3
CHO D. CH
3
COOH, C
2
H
5
OH
Cu 5: Cho s phn ng sau:
0 0
3 3 2
ddAgNO / NH Cl , as NaOH, t CuO, t
Toluen X Y Z T
1 : 1
+ + +
.
Bit X, Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c v l nhng sn phm chnh.
Vy cng thc cu to ng ca T l cht no sau y?
A. C
6
H
5
- COOH B. CH
3
- C
6
H
4
- COONH
4

C. C
6
H
5
- COONH
4
D. p - HOOC - C
6
H
4
- COONH
4

Cu 6: Cho s sau: CH
3
COCH
3

0 0
3 3 2 4 2 4
H O ,t CH OH/ H SO d H SO d, t HCN
4 6 2
X Y Z(C H O ) T
+
+

Cng thc cu to ca T l:
A. CH
3
CH
2
COOCH
3
B. CH
3
CH(OH)COOCH
3

C. CH
2
= C(CH
3
)COOCH
3


D. CH
2
= CHCOOCH
3

Cu 7: Cho s sau:
0 0
3 2 5 2 4 2 4
H O ,t C H OH/ H SO d H SO d,t HCN
3 3 4 2
CH CHO X Y Z(C H O ) T
+
+

Cng thc cu to ca T l:
A. CH
3
CH
2
COOC
2
H
5
B. C
2
H
5
COOCH
3
C. CH
2
= CHCOOC
2
H
5
D. C
2
H
5
COOCH=CH
2
.

******************@******************

You might also like