Modul mn PID_FB41 trong PLC_S7-300

1. Khi h m FB41 CONT_C

FB41 CONT_C c s dung e ieu khien cac qua trnh ky thuat vi cac bien au vao va ra tng t nh tren c s thiet b kha trnh Simatic. Trong khi thiet lap tham so, co the tch cc hoac khong tch cc mot so thanh phan chc nang cua bo ieu khien PID cho phu hp vi oi tng. Module mem PID bao gom: - Tn hieu au vao SP_INT: Lenh nhap mc tn hieu ieu khien, la so thc, tnh theo gia tr % cua tn hieu cc ai thang ieu khien.

- Tn hieu phan hoi PV_PER: Tn hieu phan hoi lay t oi tng c ieu khien. No thng c oc t mot cam bien Analog qua au vao Analog nen ngi ta chon kieu d lieu au vao nay la so nguyen kieu Word. Chc nang CRP_IN bien oi kieu d lieu t so nguyen sang dang so thc tnh theo % cho phu hp vi lenh. Do Module Analog co gii han thang o tuyen tnh la 27648 nen ta coi gii han o la 100% va tn hieu ra CRP_IN c tnh:
CRP _ IN = PV _ PER 100 27648

- e hieu chnh gia tr cam bien phan hoi, khoi chc nang PV_NORM se thc hien bien oi tuyen tnh, hieu chnh o nhay (PV_FAC) va o troi (PV_OFF): PV_NORM= CRP_IN PV_FAC +PV_OFF Khi thay the cam bien, ta can hieu chnh 2 gia tr tren e ket qua o lng khong oi. - Trong trng hp tn hieu phan hoi khong thu c t cam bien co d lieu tng ng au vao PV_PER, ta co the a qua tnh toan khac va a en au vao PV_IN dang so thc, tnh theo %, luc o lenh PVPER_ON phai at ve mc 0. - Khoi se so sanh 2 gia tr vao, cho ra tn hieu sai lech. Tn hieu sai lech c a qua khoi chc nang DEADBAND e he thong khong hoat ong vi cac sai lech nho di mc can tac ong. ieu nay can thiet neu cac he lam viec trong moi trng nhieu nhieu. Trong moi trng t nhieu, ta giam DEAD_W ve 0 e tang o nhay, o chnh xac cua he thong. - He so khuech ai tn hieu sai lech cua he chnh la thanh phan t le Kp, c at bang he so GAIN. GAIN la so thc, neu chon ln he se tac ong nhanh, chnh xac nhng de mat on nh. - Khau PID thc s gom 3 thanh phan: Thanh phan t le, c la chon nh lenh chuyen mach P_SEL Thanh phan tch phan c hnh thanh bi khoi chc nang INT va c chon nh lenh chuyen mach I_SEL. Tnh chat khoi tch phan xac nh nh gia tr hang so thi gian TI (D lieu kieu TIME), gia tr ban au I_ITLVAL (Dang so thc tnh theo %). Co s dung gia tr ban au hay khong tuy thuoc lenh I_ITL_ON, va co the dung qua trnh tch phan gi nguyen gia tr au ra bang lenh INT_HOLD.

Thanh phan vi phan c hnh thanh bi khoi chc nang DIF, c la chon nh lenh chuyen mach D_SEL. Tnh chat khoi vi phan c xac lap bi hang so thi gian TD (D lieu kieu TIME) va thi gian gi cham TM_LAG (D lieu kieu TIME). Ba thanh phan nay c cong vi nhau. Nh cac lenh chuyen mach P_SEL, I_SEL, D_SEL ma ta co the thanh lap cac che o ieu khien P, PI, PD, PID khac nhau. - Tn hieu sai lech tong hp c cong them thanh phan DISV dung e bu tac ong hieu theo chieu thuan. Gia tr cua DISV co dang so thc, tnh theo %. - Tn hieu sai lech c a qua bo han che mc tn hieu ieu khien LMNLIMIT. Mc han che tren LMN_HLM va han che di LMN_LLM c a vao dang so thc, tnh theo%. au vao cua khoi c la chon theo che o bang tay hay t ong nh lenh MAN_ON. au vao MAN, dang so thc, tnh theo %, dung e at mc tn hieu ra LMN trong che o ieu khien bang tay. - Khoi LMN_NORM bien oi tuyen tnh, bu lech tnh va o nhay cua c cau chap hanh. Tn hieu ieu khien au ra LMN co dang so thc, tnh theo %. LMN=LMNLIMIT LMN_FAC+LMN_OFF - Khoi CRP_OUT bien oi tn hieu ra dang so thc ra dang so nguyen LMN_PER thch ng vi dang ra cac Module ra Analog.
LMN _ PER = LMN 27648 100

- Cac au ra trung gian, kiem tra: PV_IN: Tn hieu phan hoi, dang so thc tnh theo % au vao mach so sanh. ER: Tn hieu sai lech sau khi truyen qua DEADBAND. LMN_P, LMN_I, LMN_D: cac thanh phan t le, tch phan, vi phan cua tn hieu sai lech au vao bo tong hp. QLMN_HLM, QLMN_LLM: Tn hieu bao o sai lech vt mc han che tren va di. Cac tn hieu au ra nay co the dung theo doi, bao hieu hoac cac x ly khac. 2. S dng khi h m FB41 e s dung module mem FB41, ta xet s o khoi tn hieu:

PV_PER (PV_IN)

Hnh: S o khoi noi FB41 vi oi tng ieu khien. - Lenh ieu khien c at vao dang so thc (%) qua au vao SP_INT. au ra LMN (so nguyen) hoac LMN_PER (so thc) c a en c cau chap hanh, ieu khien oi tng. Tn hieu phan hoi c a tr ve au vao PV_PER (so nguyen) hoac PV_IN (so thc). - au vao DISV s dung khi co tac ong trc thuan co the o lng c, giam sai lech au ra, nang cao o chnh xac cho he. 3. S v bng m t tm tt cc chn khi h m FB41.

Bng m t tm tt cc chn u v o: Tham s Kiu d liu EN COM_RST Bool Bool Phm vi gii han Ga tr mc nh False False Cho php gi khi h m FB41 Cho php khi to li h thng ho n to n khi COM_RST c gi tr logic TRUE. Khi lut tch phn t ng thit lp gi tr khi to I_ITVAL, tt c cc u ra c t ga tr mc nh Tn hiu t, l s thc tnh theo % (nu ly tn hiu t t cng v o tng t th phi bin i kiu d M t chc nng

SP_IN

Real

-100..100%

0.0

liu ph hp) PV_PER PV_IN WORD Real -100..100% W#16#0000 Tn hiu phn hi, ly t cng v o tng t 0.0 Tn hiu gi m phng tn hiu phn hi i tng, l s thc tnh theo % La chn tn hiu phn hi: - Logic 1, la chn phn hi PV_PER - Logic 0, la chn phn hi PV_IN PV_FAC PV_OFF DEAD_W GAIN P_SEL Real Real Real Real Bool >=0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 2.0 True H s hiu chnh bin qu trnh Lng b cho bin qu trnh rng vng km nhy x l tn hiu sai lch H s t l La chn khu t l nu P_SEL c gi tr logic True La chn khu tch phn nu I_SEL c gi tr logic True Hng s thi gian tch phn Ga tr u khu tch phn La chn gi tr u khu tch phn nu I_ITL_ON c gi tr logc True La chn gi nguyn gi tr u ra tch phn nu

PVPER_ON Bool

False

I_SEL

Bool

True

TI I_ITLVAL I_ITL_ON

Timer Real Bool

>=CYCLE -100..100%

T#20s 0.0 False

INT_HOLD Bool

False

INT_HOLD c gi tr logc True D_SEL Bool False La chn khu vi phn nu D_SEL c gi tr logc True Hng s thi gian vi phn Thi gian gi chm khu vi phn B nhiu, l s thc theo % Ga tr t bng tay, l s thc tnh theo % La chn ngt mch vng iu khin: - Logic 1, ngt mch vng iu khin v cc ga tr thit lp bng tay - Logic 0, la chn mch vng iu khin PID LMN_HLM Real LMN_LLM Real LMN_FAC LMN_OFF CYCLE Real Real Timer =>1ms =>LMN_LLM 100.0 =<LMN_HLM 0.0 1.0 1.0 T#1s Ga tr hn ch trn, l s thc tnh theo % Ga tr hn ch di, l s thc tnh theo % H s hiu chnh bin qu trnh Lng b cho bin qu trnh Thi gian trch mu (gi khi) l khong thi gian gia cc ln khi c cp nht

TD TM_LAG DISV MAN MAN_ON

Timer Timer Real Real Bool

>=CYCLE >=CYCLE -100..100% -100..100%

T#10S T#2s 0.0 0.0 True

Bng m t tm tt cc chn u ra:

Tham s

Kiu d liu

Ga tr mc nh 0.0

M t chc nng

LMN LMN_PER

Real

Ga tr u ra, l s thc tnh theo %

Word W#16#0000 G tr u ra, l s nguyn False False 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 False Thng bo gi tr bin qu trnh vt qu gii hn trn Thng bo gi tr bin qu trnh nh hn gii hn di Tn hiu ra ca b iu khin t l Tn hiu ra ca b iu khin tch phn Tn hiu ra ca b iu khin vi phn Tn hiu ra ca tn hiu phn hi, dng s thc tnh % Tn hiu ra sai lch gia tn hiu t v phn hi Khi khi h m FB41 c gi th ENO c gi tr True

QLMN_HLM Bool QLMN_LLM Bool LMN_P LMN_I LMN_D PV ER ENO Real Real Real Real Real Bool

Modul PID_FB43 trong PLC_S7-300

1. Khi h m FB43 PULSEGEN FB43 PULSEGENT c s dng thit lp b iu khin PID vi u ra dng xung cho c cu t l. S dng FB43 PULSEGENT, b iu khin PID hai hoc ba v tr c thit lp bng phng php iu ch rng xung. Chc nng n y ca FB43 thng kt hp vi FB41 CON_C.

Chc nng khi FULSEGEN l bin i bin u v o INV th nh mt chui xung u ra c chu k khng i bng phng php iu ch rng xung, tng ng trong mi chu k bin u v o c cp nht v ghi nhn trong PER_TM. rng ca xung trong mi chu k t l vi bin u v o. Chu k xung PER_TM khng ng nht vi chu k x l ca khi FULSEGEN. Chu k xung PER_TM c to th nh t cc chu k x l ring r ca khi FULSEGEN, do vy s ln gi khi FULSEGEN trong mt chu k xung PER_TM l tiu chun nh gi chnh xc ca phng php iu ch rng xung.

V d: gi tr 30% ca bin u v o v 10 ln gi khi FULSEGEN trong mt chu k xung PER_TM c ngha nh sau: - One ti u ra QPOS l 1/3 s ln gi khi FULSEGEN (30% ca10 ln gi) - Zero ti u ra QPOS l 7 (70% ca 10 ln gi) S khi:

chnh xc: Vi t l ly mu l 1:10 (s ln gi khi CON_C so s ln gi khi PULSEGEN) th chnh xc ca gi tr iu ch b gii hn l 10%, ni cch khc l t gi tr u v o INV ch c th thay i rng xung u ra QPOS khi c s nhy bc 10%. chnh xc s tng khi s ln gi khi PULSEGENT so s ln gi khi CON_C tng. Nu s ln gi khi PULSEGENT l hn 100 ln so vi s ln gi khi CON_C th phm vi iu khin l 1% c thit lp. ng b: C th ng b u ra xung ca khi cp nht bin u v o INV. iu n y m bo s thay i bin u v o th u ra p ng ngay 1 xung. ng b khi c thit lp bi tham s SYN_ON

Cc Mode l m vic: Ph thuc v o cch t tham s cho xung pht ra, b iu khin PID vi u ra 3 v tr hoc u ra 2 v tr lng cc hoc u ra 2 v tr n cc s c thit lp. Bng sau minh ha s kt hp cc tham s thit lp cc mode l m vic: Tham s Mode iu khin 3 v tr iu khin 2 v tr lng cc, phm vi (-100%... 100%) iu khin 2 v tr n cc, phm vi (0%... 100%) iu khin bng tay MAN_ON False False False True STEP3_ON True False False Any ST2BI_ON Any True False Any

iu khin 3 v tr: Trong ch n y, tn hiu chp h nh c th thit lp 3 trng thi. Cc ga tr u ra nh phn QPOS_P and QNEG_P iu khin trng thi c cu chp h nh. Bng di y minh ho mt v d iu khin nhit : Chp Heat h nh u ra QPOS_P QNEG_P True False Off False False Cool False True

Da v o bin u v o, ng cong c tnh c s dng tnh rng xung. Hnh dng ca ng cong c tnh c xc nh bi xung nh nht hay thi gian ngt qu ng nh nht v tha s t l. Ga tr thng thng ca tha s t l l 1. im nhy bc doglegs trn ng cong c tnh xc nh bi xung nh nht hay thi gian ngt qu ng nh nht. Xung nh nht hay thi gian ngt qu ng nh nht: Thit lp xung nh nht hay thi gian ngt qu ng nh nht P_B_TM chn thi gian on/off nh gim thi gian ng ct ca c cu chp h nh. Ch : ga tr nh nht ca bin u v o LMN c pht xung c rng nh hn P_B_TM b kh. Ga tr u v o c pht xung c rng ln hn P_B_TM s c thit lp trong khong -100% n 100% rng xung dng v m tnh bi php nhn bin u v o (%) v chu k xung: rng xung = (INV/100) * PER_TM

iu khin 3 v tr khng i xng: S dng tha s t l RATIOFAC, t l ca rng xung dng v xung m c th thay i. Trong v d qu trnh nhit , chc nng n y cho php s khc nhau gia hng s thi gian nng v lnh. Tha s t l cng nh hng ti xung nh nht hay thi gian ngt qu ng nh nht. Tha s t l <1: rng xung m ca xung u ra c tnh theo cng thc bin u v o nhn chu k xung v b gim bi tha s t l rng xung dng = (INV/100)*PER_TM rng xung m=(INV/100)*PER_TM*RACTIOFAC

Tha s t l >1: rng xung dng ca xung u ra c tnh theo cng thc bin u v o nhn chu k xung v b gim bi tha s t l rng xung dng = ((INV/100)*PER_TM)/ RACTIOFAC rng xung m=(INV/100)*PER_TM iu khin 2 v tr: Trong ch n y, ch duy nht u ra xung dng QPOS_P ca khi c ni ti c cu chp h nh on/off. Ph thuc v o phm vi gi tr iu ch, b iu khin 2 v tr c phm vi ga tr lng cc hay n cc. iu khin hai v tr vi phm vi lng cc (-100%...100%):

iu khin hai v tr vi phm vi n cc(0%...100%):

Ph nh tn hiu u ra ti QNEG_P nu kt ni b iu khin 2 v tr trong vng iu khin yu cu tn hiu logic nghch o cho xung chp h nh. ON Actuator Off

Pulse QPOS_P QNEG_P

True False

False True

Ch iu khin bng tay 3 v tr hoc 2 v tr: Trong ch n y tham s MAN_ON = True, cc u ra nh phn ca b iu khin 3 v tr hoc 2 v tr c thit lp bi cc tn hiu POS_P_ON v NEG_P_ON khng cn quan tm n u v o INV. POS_P_ON FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE NEG_P_ON FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE Any Any QPOS_P FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE QNEG_P FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE

iu khin 3 v tr iu khin 2 v tr

Ch Restart: Khi ho n th nh Restart, tt c cc tn hiu u ra thit lp 0 Li: Khi khng kim tra li bn trong. Tham s li u ra RET_VAL khng c s dng. S v bng m t tm tt cc chn khi FB43:

Bng m t tm tt cc chn u v o Tham s EN INV PER_TM Ki u Boo l Phm vi Mc nh False M t chc nng Cho php gi khi h m FB41 Tn hiu t, l s thc tnh theo % (nu ly tn hiu t t cng v o tng t th phi bin i kiu d liu ph hp) Chu k xung Xung hay thi gian ngt qu ng nh nht Tha s t l La chn iu khin 3 v tr La chn iu khin 2 v tr: c th la chn b iu khin 2 v tr lng cc hoc n cc. Tham s STEP3_ON phi c t False La chn ch iu khin tn hiu u ra bng tay t xung dng. Trong ch iu khin 3 v tr , tn hiu u ra QPOS_P c thit lp bng tham s n y. Trong ch iu khin 2 v tr, QNEG_P lun c thit lp nghch o vi QPOS_P t xung m. Trong ch iu khin 3 v tr, tn hiu u ra NEG_P_ON c thit lp bng tham s n y. Trong ch iu khin 2 v tr, QNEG_P lun c thit lp nghch o vi QPOS_P t ng b ho. Tham s n y c th ng b ho khi cp nht gi tr u v o INV. iu n y m bo, s thay i bin u v o th l

Rea 0.0 l 100..100% =>20*CY T#1s CLE =>CYCLE T#50ms 0,1.10,0 1.0 True False

Tim e P_B_TM Tim e RACTIF Rea AC l STEP3_O Boo N l ST2BI_O Boo N l MAN_O N POS_P_O N Boo l Boo l

False False

NEG_P_ ON

Boo l

False

SYN_ON

Boo l

True

COM_RS Boo T l CYCLE Tim =>1ms e

False T#10ms

u ra p ng ngay 1 xung. Khi ng li. Khi thc hin khi ng li ho n to n khi tham s n y c thit lp True. Thi giam ly mu. Thi gian gia cc ln gi khi phi khng i. Thi gian ly mu l khong thi gian gia 2 ln gi khi M t chc nng

Bng m t tm tt cc chn u v o Tham s Kiu DL QPOS_P Bool Phm vi gii han Ga tr mc nh False u ra xung dng. Tham s n y c thit lp khi 1 xung c gi ti u ra. Trong ch 3 v tr, tham s n y lun l xung dng. Trong ch 2 v tr, tham s QNEG_P lun c thit lp nghch o vi QPOS_P u ra xung m. Tham s n y c thit lp khi 1 xung c gi ti u ra. Trong ch 3 v tr, tham s n y lun l xung m. Trong ch 2 v tr, tham s QNEG_P lun c thit lp nghch o vi QPOS_P

QNEG_P

Bool

False