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CP NHT IU TR
VI THUC CHN CALCI
PGS.TS. Nguyn c Cng Bnh Vin Thng Nht i hc y dc Tp H Ch Minh
Tui th
Tui th ngy cng tng c tnh n 2030, ngi > 65 tui chim 20% dn s Hoa K.
Tui i v bnh tt
Cancer 21%
BP, blood pressure; CHF, congestive heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction.
Rosamond W et al. Circulation. 2007;115:1-103.
HUYT P
HA tm trng tng nh n 60 tui, sau n nh v gim nh. (Generally increases 1 mm Hg per decade)
100 80 60 40 20 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Years
Men Women
Residual lifetime risk of developing hypertension among people with blood pressure <140/90 mmHg
Vasan RS, et al. JAMA. 2002; 287:1003-1010. Copyright 2002, American Medical Association.
90% ngi > 55 tui s xut hin tng HA thi im no trong cuc i.
12
Nhp tim
Khng thay i khi nm ngh, gim t th ngi (gim p ng vi h giao cm) D b h HA t th Khi gng sc, nhp tim gim theo tui.
Gim tn s tim ti a.
Khng c s thay i quan trng theo tui trng thi ngh ngi, c th gim khi hot ng th lc.
C th do gim th tch cui tm trng tht tri do thnh tht tri dy v km n hi.
ISH
11%
(mm Hg)
Adapted from Neaton JD et al. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:56-64. MRFIT = Multiple risk factor intervention trial. Risk factor changes and mortality results. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group.
Tng huyt p tm thu n c gy tng nguy c bnh l tim mch v bnh thn.
Disease
Kidney failure (ESRD) Stroke Heart failure Peripheral vascular disease Myocardial infarction* Coronary artery disease
Relative Risk
2.8 2.7 1.5 1.8 = 1.6 1.5
ESRD = end-stage renal disease; SBP 165 mm Hg. *Men only. Adapted from Kannel WB. Am J Hypertens. 2000;13:3S-10S; Perry HM Jr et al. Hypertension. 1995;25(part 1):587-594; Klag MJ et al. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:13-18; Nielsen WB et al. Ugeskr Laeger. 1996;158:3779-3783; Neaton JD et al. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:56-64.
Gim nguy c t qu 42% Gim nguy c xut hin bin c bnh MV 14%
Gim t vong ton b Gim t vong do bnh l TM Gim t qu Gim bnh l ng mch vnh
Lancet 1990;335:827-38
BN > 60 tui
(SBP 160 mm Hg and DBP < 90 mm Hg)
Gim nguy c t qu 42% Gim nguy c xut hin bin c bnh l ng mch vnh 26%
Lancet 1997;350:757-64
H p l vn then cht
Meta-analysis of 61 prospective, observational studies* 1 million adults 12.7 million person-years
Gim 7% nguy c t vong bnh tim thiu mu cc b Gim 10% nguy c t vong do t qu
*Epidemiologic studies, not clinical trials of HTN agents. BP, blood pressure; IHD, ischemic heart disease. Lewington S et al. Lancet 2002;360:1903-1913.
*LV Hypertrophy, Angina, MI, PTCA, Bypass; Sroke or TIA, Peripheral Arterial Disease, retinopathy, carotid plaque, microalbuminurea
2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens. 2007;25(6):1105-87
Tiu ch chnh.
nh gi mi lin quan gia nhng bin c v
tim mch vi 3 tr s HA tm trng ch (< 90, < 85 v < 80 mm Hg) trong thi gian iu tr tng HA.
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3 Step 4 Step 5
HOT STUDY
c im dn s nghin cu (%)
DBP target group (mm Hg) 90 85 80 n=6 264 n=6 264 n=6 262
Previous treatment Smokers Previous MI Other previous CHD Previous stroke Diabetes mellitus
HOT STUDY
25
30 % risk reduction
160
150
140
130
Achieved SBP mm Hg
25
30 % risk reduction
HOT : Kt lun
Hiu qu h HA i km vi gim t l bin c
v tim mch.
Cu hi?
Ngi Chu c t c tiu ch chnh trong NC HOT hay khng? Mc HA ti u ca ngi Chu trong iu tr tng HA?
Asian
18,790
47% (8,883) 53% (9,907) 61.5+7.5 years (50-80 years)
205
38% (78) 62% (127) 58.8+6.3 years (50-80 years)
N: Nam: Tui:
0
-5 -10
-15
-15 -20 -25 -30 -20 -25 -30
p<0.0001 p<0.0001
-35
p<0.0001 -40
p<0.0001 p<0.01
DDBP mm Hg
DSBP mm Hg
p<0.0001
105
100
95 90
74% 80% 83% 85%
86% 86%
85
80 75 0 0 3 6 12
89% 97% 97%
98%
97% 95%
24
36
Final
Follow-up (Month)
***
10.8
6.5
6.2
7.0
6.2 3.7
ns
p<0.01
*
2.6
4.9
4.3 ns 1.6
p<0.05
3.9
p<0.01
1.1
**
0.6
3.2 ns 1.1
2.5
ns
3.0
0 54M Final
**
Time of follow-up
* Except for Asian patients
Hiu qu iu tr tng HA vi thuc c ch knh Ca (Plendil) tt hn nhm BN chu . BN Chu t xut hin tc dng ph.
nh gi hiu qu iu tr tng HA trong 10 tun l bnh nhn tng HA nguyn pht ngi Trung Quc theo Protocol ca NC HOT. nh gi tnh an ton v kh nng dung np vi Plendil trong iu tr tng HA nguyn pht ngi Trung Quc.
Dn s nghin cu
Tui: 18 - 90
Cc bc nghin cu
1st step Plendil 5mg *
2nd step
Plendil 10mg + Betaloc 25mg BID/Low dose of ACEI * Plendil 10mg + Betaloc 50mg BID/High dose of ACEI
*
5th step
Plendil 10mg + Betaloc 50mg BID/High dose of ACEI + Low dose of other anti-hypertensive drugs (-blocker/ACEI)/Diuretic
Dn s nghin cu
Repeated data
53,040
1,530
KT QU
KT QU
TC DNG PH
AE = Ankle Edema
Cc bc iu tr tng HA trong NC HOT ph hp vi bnh tng HA nguyn pht ngi Trung Quc. Cc bc iu tr c tnh an ton, hiu qu v dung np tt. Kt hp thuc liu thp gia cc nhm thuc nh Plendil + Betaloc / ACEI khng lm tng thm hiu qu h HA nhng lm gim c tc dng ph khi tng liu thuc trong ch iu tr 1 thuc Bnh nhn tng HA nguyn pht ngi Trung Quc c kim sot HA an ton v hiu qu hn.
Lisheng Liu, Yuqing Zhang, Guozhang Liu, Wei Li, Xuezhong Zhang and Alberto Zanchetti for the FEVER Study Group (Beijing, China and Milan, Italy)
1338 Z
FEVER: MC TIU
1. So snh hiu qu trn bin c v bnh l tim mch ca Plendil liu thp 5mg/ngy vi placebo BN tng HA c iu tr bng thuc li tiu liu thp (HCTZ 12,5mg/ngy).
1340 Z
-26.8%
12
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
12
12
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
-32.5%
12
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
-33.2%
12
18
24
30
36
42
48
54
60
0.72 0.70 0.72 0.72 0.66 0.70 0.68 0.68 0.76 1.03 0.60
0.6
0.8 1.0 1.5 2.0
Felodipine better
1355 Z
Placebo better
FEVER: KT LUN
BN tng HA ngi Trung Quc iu tr bng HCTZ (12.5 mg/d) v Felodipine liu thp 5mg/ngy gim c HA nhiu hn (SBP/DBP # 4/2 mmHg) v gim quan trng cc bin c t qu (28%), bin c v bnh tim mnh (28%), bin c v bnh ng mch vnh (32%), gim t vong do tt c cc nguyn nhn (30%), gim t vong do bnh l tim mch (17%). iu tr kt hp liu thp UC knh Ca v HCTZ cho kt qu tt hn n tr liu HCTZ liu thp. iu tr vi liu thp ch c 1% xut hin bnh l T mi mc.
1362 Z
BHS IV, 2004 and Update of the NICE Hypertension Guideline, 2006
ESH
Compelling and possible indications, contraindications, and cautions for the major classes of antihypertensive drugs
Class of drug Beta-blockers Compelling indications MI, Angina Possible indications Heart failure Caution Heart failure, PVD, Diabetes (except with CHD) Combination with betablockade Compelling contraindications Asthma/COPD, Heart block
Angina Elderly
-blockers
AT1-receptor antagonists
Calcium antagonists
JNC 7.
Nn bt u iu tr bng thay i li sng. Nn khi u dng thuc vi liu thp. HA mc tiu < 140/90 mm Hg. Nhm thuc c ch knh Ca l mt trong nhng thuc chn la u tin.
V. KT LUN
Tng huyt p ngi ln tui rt thng gp. Thng l tng huyt p tm thu n c. Tng huyt p tm thu cng gy ra nhng bin c v tim mch trm trng v t vong. iu tr tt tng HA tm thu lm gim quan trng t xut v cc bin chng tng HA. Nhm thuc c ch knh calci dihydropyridines tc dng ko di (nh Felodipine - Plendil) c vai tr quan trng trong kim sot tt HA ngi ln tui.
Chn thnh cm n s ch ca Qu v
Thay i tim
nng ln khi c
Ph i tm tht tri c th gy chm th gin trong thi k tm trng. Gin nh tri th pht sau ph i tm tht tri.
JNC 7.
Not at Goal Blood Pressure (<140/90 mmHg) (<130/80 mmHg for those with diabetes or chronic kidney disease)
Stage 1 Hypertension
(SBP 140159 or DBP 9099 mmHg) Thiazide-type diuretics for most. May consider ACEI, ARB, BB, CCB, or combination.
Stage 2 Hypertension
(SBP >160 or DBP >100 mmHg) 2-drug combination for most (usually thiazide-type diuretic and ACEI, or ARB, or BB, or CCB)
Not at Goal Blood Pressure Optimize dosages or add additional drugs until goal blood pressure is achieved. Consider consultation with hypertension specialist.
1345 Z
1345 Z
FEVER: THIT K V S NC
+ Felodipine 5 mg/d HCTZ 12.5 mg/d + Placebo
visits weeks
1 -6
2 -4
3 -2
4 0
5 1
6 2
7 3
8 4
9 5
10 11 12 6 9 12
16 24
20 36
24 48
28 60 months
Add-on diuretic or other agents (not CA) if BP > 160/90 mmHg, at investigators discretion Screening Randomization
1344 Z
1345 Z