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-1-

BI TP N HC K 1 (09-10) TON I S 9
Bi1 : 1) Trc cn thc mu :

26
2 3 +5

2) Rt gn biu thc : A =

( 2 + 6) 2 3

Gii
26
2 3 +5
26 ( 2 3 5)
26 ( 2 3 5)
=
( 2 3 + 5)( 2 3 5) ( 2 3 ) 2 5 2

1)Trc cn thc mu :
26
=
2 3 +5

26 ( 2 3 5)
26 ( 2 3 5)
=
=
12 25
13

=4

Bi 2:
1)
2)
Gii
1)

+10 = 10 4

5)

4 x + 20 3 x + 5 +

4
9 x + 45 = 6
3

4 x 2 4 x +1 = 3

2)

4
9 x + 45 = 6
3

2 x + 5 3 x + 5 + 4 x + 5 = 6
x + 5 ( 2 3 + 4) = 6

4 x 2 4 x +1 = 3
( 2 x +1) 2 = 3
2x +
1

3 x +5 = 6
x +5

=3

2x + 1 = 3

36

1 x + 4 4x + 9 9x = 6

3/Rt gn biu thc: A=

2x 1 = 3

1
2

(x

Nhn
(x<

1
2

)
)

X= 2
Nhn
{
1
;

2
}
Vy S =

Bi 3 : Tm x tha iu kin sau


a) 3 + x = 3
b) 25 x 16 x = 9
Gii
Tm x tha iu kin sau
a) 3 + x = 3
Suy ra :3+ x =9 hay x = 6 =
Vy x = 36
Bi 4:
1/Gii phng trnh :
2/Tnh : 4 2 3

=3
x=1

x +5 = 2

* x + 5 = 2 ( vi x 5 )
x = 3 Nhn
* x 5 = 2 (Vi x < 5 )
x = 7 Nhn
Vy S = {2;7}

Gii

Gii phng trnh :

4 x + 20 3 x + 5 +

2(2

2)Rt gn biu thc : A = ( 2 + 6 ) 2 3


A= 2 . 2 3 + 6 . 2 3
= 2(2 3 ) + 6(2 3 )
= 4 2 3 + 12 6 3
= 1 2 3 +3 + 9 2.3 3 +3
= 1 2 3 +( 3 ) + 3 2.3 3 +( 3 )
= (1 3 ) + (3 3 ) = 1 3 + 3 3
= 3 1+ 3 3 = 2

4 2 3 + 2 3 +1
3

b) 25 x 16 x = 9
Suy ra 5 x 4 x = 9 Hay
= 81
Vy x = 81

=9

-21/ Gii phng trnh :

2/Tnh :

1 x + 4 4x + 9 9x = 6

4 2 3

1 x + 2 1 x +3 1 x = 6

4 2 3

=
=

= (1 3 ) = 1 3
Vy 4 2 3 = 3 1
2

6 1 x =6
1 x =1 1 x =1
* 1 x = 1 ( vi x 1 )
x= 2 Nhn
* (1 x) = 1 (vi x > 1)
1+ x = 1 x= 2 Nhn
Vy S = {2;2}
1 x (1 +2 +3) =6

12 2 3 +( 3 ) 2

1 2 3 +3

4 2 3 + 2 3 +1

3/Rt gn biu thc: A=


=

3 1 + 2 3 +1
3

3 3
3

=3

Bi 5 :
Cho biu thc Q =

x
x

1 x + 1 + x

3 x
x 1

vi x 0 v x 1

1) Rt gn Q .
2) Tm x Q = 1
Gii
a) Q =
=

x
x

1 x + 1 + x

3 x
x 1

x (1 + x)
x (1 x)

+
(1 x )(1 + x ) (1 + x )(1 x )

3 x
x 1
x (1 + x ) + x (1 x )

(1 x )(1 + x )

(1 x )(1 +

3
x

x)

2 x
x 3
+
1 x
1 x
3 x 3
=
1x
x 4
.
x +2
4x

=1

vi x > 0 ; x 4

a/ Rt gn biu thc P.
b/ Tm x cho biu thc P = 6
c/ Tm x P > 3
a/

P=

x 4
x
.

x +2
4x

x 2 +

x ( x + 2) + x ( x 2) x 4

x 22
4x

x 4
2x
= x 4 . 4x
2x
x
x x
=2 x = x =
= x
x x

b) P = 6
c) P > 3

x
x

=6
>3

x
x

=
>

x 4
x ( x + 2)
x ( x 2)

+
( x 2)( x + 2) ( x + 2)( x 2) .
4x

x +2 x + x 2 x

x 4

36
9

x = 36
x>9

x 4
4x

=1

1+ x = 3
x =2
x=4

x 2 +

3(1 x )

1+

3 x
+
x 1

x +x + x x 3 x
+

1x
x 1

Bi 6 : Cho biu thc P =

3 x 3
=1
1x
3( x 1)
=
(1 x )(1 + x )

b)Vi Q = 1 Ta c

-3Bi 7: a / V th ca cc hm s sau trn cng mt phng to :


(d) : y = 3x 3
(d) : y = -2x +4
b/ Tm to giao im ca (d) v (d)
Gii
1)Tm 2 giao im ca (d) vi 2 trc l A(0; -3) , B(1; 0)
Tm 2 giao im ca (d) vi 2 trc l A(0:3) , B(2;0)
V ng 2 th ng thng (d) i qua A v B
ng thng (d) i qua A v B
2) 3x-3 = - 2x +4 3x+2x = 4+3 5x=7
7
x=
5

Thay vo tm c y =

6
5

Vy Tm to giao im ca (d) v (d) l im M ( 5 ; 5 ).


Bi 8: a / V th ca cc hm s sau trn cng mt phng to :
(d) : y =

1
2

(d) : y = -2x +3

x -2

b/ Tm to giao im ca (d) v (d) .


Gii
1
2

a/ (d):y =

b/ Tm honh ca giao im l

x -2

C giao im vi trc honh


x= 0 y=-2
A(0;-2)
Giao im trc tung
1
2

y=0 0 =

x -2 x=4

B(4;0)

(d) : y = -2x +3
C giao im vi trc honh
x= 0 y=3
A(0;3)
Giao im trc tung
Y=0 0 = -2x +3
x=

3
2

=1,5

1
2

1
x +2x=3+2
2
5
x =5
2

x -2 = -2x +3

x=2
Thay x=2 vo mt trong hai phng trnh
ta tm c tung ca giao im l
y = -2.2 +3 = -1
Vy toa ca giao im l I(2;-1)

B(1,5;0)

V th hai hm s
-Xc nh c im A(0;-2) ,B(4;0),
A(0;3) , B(1,5;0)
ng thng (d) i qua A v B
ng thng (d) i qua A v B
Bi 9:

Cho biu thc A =

24 +12 x + 24 12 x
24 +12 x 24 12 x

1) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc khi x = 1 . Sau rt gn biu thc .


2 Lm mt cn mu ca biu thc A . Sau rt gn biu thc .
3) Tm iu kin ca x biu thc xc nh .
Gii
1)Khi x=1 ta c

-4A=
=

24 +12 .1 + 24 12 .1
24 +12 .1 24 12 .1

48 + 2 6 2
24

2 2.3

( 36 + 12 ) 2
36 + 2 36 12 +12
=
24
36 12
48 + 24 .3 24 ( 2 + .3 )
=
=2+ 3
24
24

36 + 12
36 12

48 + 2.6.2 .3
24

=A=

2) Lm mt cn thc
( 24 + 12 x + 24 12 x ) 2
24 +12 x 24 12 x
24 +12 x 2412 x
24 +12 x + 2 24 +12 x . 24 12 x + 24 12 x 48 + 2.2.2 6 + 3 x . 6 3 x
=
=
24 x
24 x
2
2
48 + 2.2.2 3( 2 + x ) . 3(2 x) 48 + 2.2.2.3 ( 2 + x)( 2 x)
=
=
= 48 + 24 2 x
24 x
24 x
24 x
2
2
2
2
24 (2 + 2 x )
=2+ 2 x
x
24 x

A=

24 +12 x + 24 12 x

3)Tm iu kin ca x biu thcA xc nh .


Biu thc xc nh khi mm khc 0 v cn thc c ngha
Nn 24 +12 x 24 12 x Suy ra x 0
V 24+12x 0 v 24 -12x 0 Suy ra x -2 v x 2 Hay -2 x 2
Vy iu kin ca x biu thc xc dnh l -2 x 2 v x 0
Bi 10 : 1) Rt gn cc biu thc sau : M=
2 ) Gii phng trnh M+N = 4
Gii
1) rt gn
M= x +1 2 x = ( x ) +1 2 x .1
= ( x ) 1)
= x -1
N = x +1 +2 x = ( x ) +1 +2 x .1
= ( x ) +1) = x +1
2

Bi 11 :

x +1 2

v N =

x +1 +2

2)Gii phng trnh M+N = 4


M+N = 4
x -1 + x +1 =4
2 x = 4 x =2 x = 4
x=4
Vy : Tp nghim ca phng trnh l
S = {4}

Trong mt phng ta Oxy Cho ng thng (dm ) c phng trnh


y = (2m+4)x 3
1)Vi gi tr no ca m th hm s y = (2m+4)x 3 l hm ng bin .
2) Khi m = 1 ta c ng thng (d), Vit phng trnh ng thng ( )qua im
M(1;2) v song song vi ng thng (d)
3) V (d) v biu din M ln mt phng ta Oxy .
1) Hm s ng bin khi : 2m +4> 0 2m > -4 m > -2
Vy vi m > -2 th hm s y = (2m+4)x 3 l hm ng bin .
2)Khi m = 1 ta c ng thng (d) : y=(2.1+4)x -3 y=6x-3
Phng trnh ng thng ( )c dng y =ax+b v song song vi ng thng (d)
Nn a= 6 Phng trnh ng thng ( )c dng y = 6x +b
Phng trnh ng thng ( )qua im M(1;2) nn ta c 2 = 6.1 +b b= -4
Vy phng trnh ng thng ( )l y= 6x 4
3)Tm ta giao im ca ng thng (d) vi hai trc ta :

-5(d) : y=6x-3
Vi x=0 y= -3 nn giao im vi trc tung ti im A(0;-3)
Vi y=0 0= 6x -3 6x=3 x =

1
2

nn giao im vi trc honh ti im B( 2 ;0)

V ng thng i qua A v B ta c phng trnh ng thng (d)


Bi 12 : a/ Tm gi tr ca x biu thc

1
x 1

c ngha .

4
7+ 5

b/ Trc cn thc mu :

1
2+ 3

c/ Tnh gi tr ca biu thc :

1
2 3

Gii
1
x 1

a/ Tm gi tr ca x biu thc

b/ Trc cn thc mu :

4
7+ 5

ngha .
1
x 1

1
x 1

c ngha nu
x>1

Vy : biu thc

1
2 3

=
=

x1 > 0

1
x 1

c ngha th x > 1

c/ Tnh gi tr ca biu thc :


1
2+ 3

1
2+ 3

2 3
( 2 + 3 )( 2 3 )

4
7+ 5

4( 7 5 )
( 7 + 5 )( 7 5 )

4( 7 5 )
7 5
4( 7 5 )
=
2
2( 7 5 )

1
2 3
2+ 3

( 2 3 )( 2 + 3 )

2 3 +2+ 3
22 3

= 4

Bi 13: Vit phng trnh ca ng thng c h s gc bng 3 v i qua im A(-2;1).


Gii
Phng trnh ng thng c dng y=ax+b .
V h s gc bng 3 nn a = 3 , ta c phng trnh y= 3x +b
V i qua im A(-2;1) nn ta c 1= 3.(-2)+b b = 7
Vy phng trnh cn vit l y=3x+7

-6-

BI TP N HC K 1 (09-10) TON HNH HC 9


Bi 1
Cho na ng trn ng knh AB = 2R . Gi Ax v By l cc tia vung gc
vi AB ( Ax , By v na ng trn cng mt na mt phng b AB ) . Gi M l mt
im bt k thuc Ax . Qua M K tip tuyn vi na ng trn , ct By ti N . a/ Tnh
s o gc MON .
b/ Chng minh rng : MN=AM + BN
c/ Chng minh rng : AM . BN =R2
Gii:
V hnh ng
b) Theo tnh cht hai tip tuyn ct
nhau ta c
AM=MI v MI = BN
M MI+IN = MN
Nn MN=AM+BN
c) Trong tam gic vung OMN
Ta c OI2= MI . IN (h thc h2= b. c)
M AM=MI v MI = BN

-7Suy ra

R2= AM.BN

Gi I l tip tuyn ca MN vi na ng trn


a) Theo tnh cht hai tip tuyn ct nhau ta c
M

N
M

A= M

OI
A

Do M

= N

I ( = AO I )

OB

I v B

I + I

OI

( = BO I )

k b

N = 900 hay M

ON =

900
Bi 2 : Cho ABC vung ti A c AB = 6 cm , AC = 8 cm .K ng cao AH .
a)Tnh BC , AH , HB , HC .
b)Tnh gi tr ca biu thc Q = sinB + cosB .
Gii:
a)V hnh ng
p dng nh l Pitago trong tam gic vung
ABC Ta c :BC2= AB2+AC2 =102
BC = 10 (cm)
AH =
HB =

AB . AC
6. 8
=
=
BC
10
AB 2
62
= 10 = 3,6
BC

4,8 (cm)
(cm)

HC = 10 -3,6 = 6,4 (cm)


b)Q = sinB + cosB .
=

8
10

6
10

14
10

7
5

Bi 3
Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A . Trn na mt phng cha im A b BC v tia Bx
vung gc vi BC . Gi M l trung im ca on BC . Qua M k ng thng vung gc
vi AB , ct Bx ti O .
1)Chng minh rng BC l tip tuyn ca ng trn (O;OA).
2) Chng minh rng bn im O,A,M,B cng nm trn mt ng trn
Gii:
V hnh ng
1)Chng minh rng BC l tip tuyn ca ng trn
(O;OA).
Gi I l giao im ca MO v AB
Theo bi MI l ng trung bnh ca tam gic ABC
nn IA=IB

-8Do tam gic OAB cn ti O (MI va l ng cao


va l trung tuyn)
Suy ra : OA =OB
M OB vung gc vi BC
V vy BC l tip tuyn ca ng trn (O;OA).
2)Chng minh rng bn im O,A,M,B cng nm trn mt ng trn
Tam gic BOM vung ti B nn ba im B,O,M cng nm trn ng trn c tm l
trung im cnh huyn MO
Xt hai tam gic BOM v AOM c
OA=OB
^

A O M B O M(do tnh cht hai tip tuyn ct nhau)


MO l cnh chung )
V vy BOM=AOM (c,g,c)
Do Tam gic AOM vung ti A nn ba im A,O,M cng nm trn ng trn c tm
l trung im cnh huyn MO
Vy bn im O,A,M,B cng nm trn mt ng trn
Bi 4 :
Mt ci thang di 4 m , t da vo tng , gc gia thang v mt t l 600 .
Hy v hnh minh ha v tnh khong cch t chn thang n tng .
Gii:
V hnh ng
Khong cch chn thang n tng l : 4. cos 600
=4.

1
2

= 2 (m)

Bi 5:
Cho na ng trn (O), ng knh AB =2R .K cc tip tuyn Ax ; By cng pha vi
na ng trn i vi AB . V bn knh OE bt k . Tip tuyn ca na ng trn ti E
ct Ax , By theo th t ti C v D .
Chng minh rng :
a/CD=AC+BD
B/

C O D=90

C/ Tch AC.BD = R2
Gii:
V hnh

Chng minh
a/ CD=AC+BD
Theo tnh cht hai tip tuyn ct nhau Th
AC= EC v BD=ED m DC = EC+ED
Nn CD = AC+BD
b/

C O D=90

Theo tnh cht hai tip tuyn ct nhau ta c


C

O A = CO E

( = AO E )

-9E
M

OD
A

= B

Do C

EOB )

OD ( = 2

E v E
^

OB

k b

E + EB = 900 hay C

O D = 90

c/ Tch AC.BD = R2
Trong tam gic vung OCD
Ta c OE2= EC . ED (h thc h2= b. c) m AC= EC v BD=ED
Suy ra
R2= AC.BD
Bi 6:
Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A , c BC= 5 Cm , AB =2AC
a/Tnh AB
b/K ng cao AH .Tnh HB , AH
c/Tnh tg

, Suy ra gi tr gn ng ca s o

BAH

BAH

d/V hai ng trn (B;BA) v (C;CA) . Gi E l giao im th hai ca hai ng trn .


Chng minh CE l tip tuyn ca ng trn (B).
Gii:
V hnh
a)Tnh AB
p dng nh l Pitago trong tam gic
2

vung , ta

AB
c AB + = BC2
2
AB 2
AB2+
= BC2
4
4 AB 2
AB 2
+
= BC2
4
4
5 AB 2
= BC2
4
2

5AB2 = 4BC2
AB2 =
AB=
b)K ng cao AH .Tnh HB , AH
AB
2

Ta c AC=

2 5
2

(cm)

AH.BC=AB.AC (h thc h.a=b.c )


AH=

AB . AC
BC

2. 5 . 5
5

= 2 (cm)

AB2= BC.HB ( H thc c2=a.c)


Suy ra HB=
c)Tnh tg

AB 2
BC

(2 5 )2
5

= 4 (cm)

, Suy ra gi tr gn ng ca s o

BAH

BAH

4 BC 2
5
20

= 2.

4.52
5
5

= 20

(cm)

- 10 Ta c tg

BAH

Suy ra

HB
AH

4
2

=2

B A H

d) Xt hai tam gic ABC v EBC c


BA=BE (l bn knh ng trn (B;BA) )
CA =CE (l bn knh ng trn (C;CA) )
BC l cnh chung
Suy ra ABC=EBC (c,c,c)
M

=900 nn

= 900 Hay CE vung gc vi bn knh BE ti tip im E

Vy : CE l tip tuyn ca ng trn (B;BA).

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