Theory Experiment Conclusion

12 - Levitating spinner
Team Talnet
TALNET o. s. http://www.talnet.cz with the support of Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University in Prague http://www.mff.cuni.cz

April 14, 2011

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Assigment

Levitating spinner A toy consists of a magnetic spinning top and a plate containing magnets (e.g. Levitron). The top may levitate above the magnetic plate. Under what conditions can one observe the phenomenon?

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Content

Theory

Experiment Levitating Frequency Magnetic eld

Conclusion

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Equilibrium position

Toroid magnet

Fmag . . . magnetic force FG . . . gravitational force

Net force is zero FG + Fmag = 0

Figure: Two magnets

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12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Conditions for stability

Ep

x
mB=M m . . . magnetic dipole moment of a spinner B . . . magnetic eld of levitron M . . . moment of force

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Conditions for stability

Gyroscopic efect
L

FG FG M

M= M . . . moment of force L . . . angular momentum t . . . time Change of angular momentum moves it towards moment of force Axis begins rotating
Team Talnet 12 - Levitating spinner

dL dt

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Precession

Angular velocity of precession p p = M Is s

s angular velocity of spin about the spin axis M moment of force Is moment of inertia p , s inversly proportional p too high rotation about horizontal axis levitron falls

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Levitating Frequency Magnetic eld

Video

2 minutes

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Levitating Frequency Magnetic eld

Frequency
Stroboscopic camera (600 fps) video

Measured: 20 31 rps Stated by producer: 18 40 rps

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Levitating Frequency Magnetic eld

Magnetic eld
Magnetic eld orientation
10

6 [cm] 4 2 0 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 [cm] 2 4 6 8

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Levitating Frequency Magnetic eld

Magnetic eld
Magnetic eld sensor, low range Dependence of vertical component of magnetic eld intensity vector on height above levitron

6 4 B [mT]2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8

6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8

10 8 6 h [cm] 4 2 0 0.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.3-0.4 -0.1-0.2 0.1 0 D/D0 0.3 0.2

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Levitating Frequency Magnetic eld

Comparison
6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8

6 4 B [mT]2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8

10 8 6 h [cm] 4 2 0 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 -0.5 -0.3-0.4 -0.1-0.2 0.1 0 D/D0

10

6 [cm] 4 2 0 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 [cm] 2 4 6 8

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Conclusion

Equilibrium position FG + Fmag = 0 Stability

M . . . moment of force M = dL dt

Experiments
Frequency Magnetic eld intensity

6 4 B [mT]2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8

6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8

10 8 6 h [cm] 4 2 0.3 0 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.4-0.5 -0.2-0.3 0 -0.1 D/D0

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner

Theory Experiment Conclusion

Thank you for your attention

Team Talnet

12 - Levitating spinner