Qu trnh chuyn i t Softswitch ln IMS Bi bo tp trung phn tch v so snh gia Softswitch v IMS thy c nhng u im r rng ca IMS

S so vi Softswitch t thy c qu trnh chuyn i t Softswitch ln IMS trong NGN l tt yu thng qua mt s gii php c th ca cc hng vin thng ln trn th gii nh Alcatel, Nortel v Huawei.

KS. Nguyn Thu Trang, TS. L Nht Thng, TS. Nguyn Chn Hng, Th.S. Lm Quang Tng 1. Gii thiu Mng vin thng th h mi NGN (Next Generation Network) tr thnh xu hng ca nhiu nc trn th gii do nhng tnh cht tin tin ca n trong vic truy nhp v cung cp cc dch v a phng tin. Trc y, mng NGN bt u c xy dng vi m hnh chuyn mch mm (Softswitch) v thu c mt s thnh cng nht nh. Nhng t khi 3GPP gii thiu IMS (Phn h a phng tin IP IP Multimedia Subsystem) th IMS chng t c kh nng vt bc hn so vi Softswitch v nhiu mt, v IMS dn tr thnh tiu chun chung xy dng mng NGN ngy nay. Bi bo tp trung phn tch v so snh gia Softswitch v IMS thy c nhng u im r rng ca IMS so vi Softswitch t thy c qu trnh chuyn i t Softswitch ln IMS trong NGN l tt yu thng qua mt s gii php c th ca cc hng vin thng ln trn th gii nh Alcatel, Nortel v Huawei. 2. Chuyn mch mm Vi s pht trin m rng ca mng VoIP, Softswitch vn l h thng thu ht s quan tm ca cc nh khai thc cng nh cung cp thit b. Softswitch l phn t chnh trong mng VoIP v cc sn phm Softswitch ca cc nh cung cp thit b cng kh a dng. a s cc h thng Softswitch ban u ch c ba phn t chnh l Gateway bo hiu (SG), cng phng tin (MG - Media Gateway) v B iu khin cng phng tin (MGC - Media Gateway Controller) (Hnh 1). MG chuyn lu lng thoi t TDM sang dng gi tin IP. MG ni gia PSTN ni ht v mng IP backbone hoc lm giao din gia ng dy truy nhp TDM v mng VoIP. SG phin dch cc bn tin bo hiu ca cc giao thc bo hiu PSTN sang SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) hoc H.323 ca mng IP. MGC cn c vo cc bn tin ny iu khin cuc gi: thit lp/gii phng cuc gi, a ra thng bo, chuyn tip cuc gi,

Hnh 1: H thng chuyn mch mm Nhiu h thng Softswitch c b sung thm cc SBC (Session Border Controller). Cc SBC ni gia mng ca cc doanh nghip v nh cung cp dch v hoc t ti cc node cung cp dch v. SBC c cc c ch bo v, x l c lung bo hiu v media bo v MGC v cc phn t mng khc khi s xm nhp tri php. V tnh phn tn ca mng IP, cc nh cung cp thit b c nhng thay i trn c s kin trc Softswitch ban u: chuyn t dng tch hp sang m hnh cc phn t chc nng nh trong NGN. Mt h thng Softswitch y c cc thnh phn sau: iu khin cuc gi (Call Control/Call Agent), Media Gateway (MG), Gateway bo hiu (SG), SIP server, SIP client, c s d liu thu bao, my ch ng dng, Media server, iu khin Media Gateway (MGC) v tnh cc. Mi nh cung cp thit b c s thay i khc nhau nhng nhn chung l to ra s tch bit gia Call Control, Media Gateway, Gateway bo hiu v tch ring cc phn t trong Softswitch li. Do vic chia tch cc thnh phn chc nng Softswitch nn s phn bit gia chuyn mch class 4 v 5 tr nn khng cn thit v cc Softswitch c cc gi chc nng khc nhau l c th thay th cho c chuyn mch class 4/5. Cc Softswitch ny c gi l supper class hoc classless Softswitch. 3. Phn h a phng tin IP - IMS IMS ban u c a ra vi mc ch p dng tnh mm do, kh nng cung cp dch v v tit kim chi ph ca chuyn mch mm IP cho mng di ng. Sau , IMS c cc t chc chun ha nh ITU-T, ETSI chn lm nn tng mng li cho NGN. Do IMS hin nay ch c chun ha v giao din gia cc thnh phn chc nng, cha c m t c th v tr hay phn t no s thc hin cc chc nng nn cu hnh thit b v cc phn t IMS ca cc nh cung cp thit b khng ging nhau. Cc chc nng ny c th c tch hp trong mt thit b hoc phn tch thnh nhiu phn t nhng vn phi p ng y cc chc nng chnh nh Hnh 2.

Hnh 2: Cu trc chc nng ca IMS IMS c kin trc phn tn, tch bit cc chc nng cho php cc nh khai thc v nh cung cp dch v th ba (third party) d dng thm cc dch v mi. Truyn ti v dch v u c tch bit vi lp iu khin (Hnh 3).

Hnh 3: IMS tch bit hon ton truyn ti, dch v v iu khin C s d liu thu bao c tch khi logic dch v nn vic qun l thu bao thng nht, trin khai dch v cng nhanh hn. Logic dch v chung cho tt c cc c ch truy nhp ca IMS l c s cung cp cc dch lai ghp, th hin r nt s hi t c nh-di ng (FMC - Fixed Mobile Convergence). Xy dng h thng IMS thnh cng c ngha l NSD c th duy tr cuc gi khi di chuyn gia cc vng mng ca cc nh cung cp khc nhau nh c nh, di ng, cc mng Wi-Fi hoc WiMax. H thng IMS cung cp

cc dch v s dng SIP. So vi chng giao thc H.323, SIP cng c nhng chc nng tng t nhng n gin v mm do hn. IMS c kh nng p ng tt yu cu ca NSD i vi cc dch v ni dung, multimedia tc cao m h thng Softswitch kh c th thc hin c. Do , IMS c nhiu nh cung cp dch v tnh n khi la chn gii php cho mng th h sau. 4. So snh Softswitch v IMS Xt v cu trc, Softswitch v IMS c nhiu im chung. l s tch bit iu khin v truyn ti (Hnh 4). Cc chc nng nh bo hiu, gateway, iu khin cuc gi, cng tng t nhau (Bng 1).

Hnh 4: So snh kin trc Softswitch v IMS

Phn t ca Softswitch Cc Gateway Features Chc nng v c s d liu nh tuyn Gateway bo hiu D liu thu bao iu khin cuc gi SBC bo hiu Phn t IMS Media Gateway/MGCF Server ng dng BGCF SGW HSS phn t mi I-CSCF v S-CSCF P-CSCF

Bng 1: Cc phn t ca Softswitch c chc nng tng t IMS Tuy nhin, hai h thng ny cng c nhng im khc bit. Tt c Softswitch u kt hp nh tuyn cuc gi v iu khin gateway cn IMS tch ring cc chc nng ny. Ngoi ra, cu trc IMS cng c s c lp gia iu khin v cung cp dch v. Vi kh nng tnh cc linh hot (online, offline) ca IMS nh cung cp dch v d dng a ra cc hnh thc thu ph khc nhau, ph hp vi tng loi hnh dch v. Bng 2 minh ha nhng s khc bit ch yu gia Softswitch v IMS.
Softswitch Tnh chun ha Mc ch Khng c t chc no a ra tiu chun c th, ph thuc vo gii php ca cc hng thit b. Chuyn mch bng phn mm, thay th tng i in t s, tch chc nng iu khin v chuyn mch, s dng cng ngh chuyn mch gi. - Kin trc mng da trn s phn IMS 3GPP chun ha (Release 5, Release 6, Release 7, Release 8) Cung cp cc dch v Internet mi lc, mi ni cho khch hng s dng di ng trn nn mng chuyn mch gi. - Kin trc phn tn theo m hnh server,

Kin trc mng

Giao thc iu khin v bo hiu Kh nng cung cp dch v

tn chc nng diu khin cuc gi v chc nng chuyn mch, mi hot ng iu khin tp trung Call server (MGC). - Gm c bn mt bng phn mm: mt bng truyn ti; mt bng iu khin cuc gi v bo hiu; mt bng dch v v ng dng; mt bng qun l. - S dng cc giao din lp trnh m - API SIP, H.323, MGCP, MEGACO/H248, D dng cung cp cc dch v PSTN truyn thng v cc dch v mng thng minh (IN), khng h tr trin khai dch v di ng. C kh nng tng thch, tuy hi kh khn. C kh nng bo mt tt i vi cc dch v VoIP. Vn cn hn ch Tit kim

chc nng iu khin khng tp trung ti mt server nn Call server (CSCF) ch l mt trong s cc server iu khin. - c chia thnh 3 lp: lp dch v, lp iu khin, lp truyn ti. - S dng cc giao din c chun ha.

Ch yu s dng SIP. L nn tng cung cp cc dch multimedia cho khch hng di ng, khng s dng mng thng minh (IN), kh trin khai dch v PSTN truyn thng. C ch tnh cc online. Kh d dng v cc thit b u phi tun theo chun. C nhiu c ch bo mt khc nhau, m bo an ton thng tin c nhn ca ngi dng, an ton cao. Bng thng rng, p ng nhu cu ngi dng tt hn C th qu trnh nng cp ln hi tn km, nhng sau s khng tn nhiu chi ph cho vic qun l, nng cp, bo dng thit b.

Kh nng tch hp vi thit b ca nh cung cp khc Bo mt Lu lng Chi ph

Bng 2: S khc nhau gia Softswitch v IMS 5. Chuyn i t Softswitch ln IMS Theo cc ti liu c a ra trong Din n pht trin khu vc chu -Thi Bnh Dng thng 9/2008, d ti th trng pht trin hay nhng th trng ang pht trin th lng kt ni thoi truyn thng v doanh thu t cc dch v ny cng c xu hng gim dn, trong khi , doanh thu t kt ni di ng v cc dch v VoIP tip tc tng ln. R rng l nhu cu ca khch hng c s thay i v nh cung cp dch v th lun mong mun tng doanh thu v tit kim chi ph u t, vn hnh, khai thc. Chnh v th m cc nh cung cp dch v u nghin cu a ra k hoch hp l, chuyn i t mng chuyn mch knh truyn thng sang NGN. Vi nhng li ch IMS mang li nhiu nh khai thc c k hoch chuyn i h thng mng ca mnh trong nhng nm ti. Nm bt c xu hng ny, cc i tc cng ln lt a ra gii php chuyn i t Softswitch sang IMS. i vi nhng nh khai thc vn s dng mng chuyn mch knh TDM th Softswitch c xem nh mt bc trung gian chuyn i sang IMS. Trong h thng Softswitch hin nay, c kh nhiu phn t thc hin chc nng tng t cc chc nng IMS nn v l thuyt, c th chuyn i t Softswitch sang IMS m vn tip tc s dng cc phn t chc nng hin c. Ty theo mc ch ca nh khai thc di ng hay c nh, h s c cc chc nng IMS khc nhau (v dung lng v phng thc ng gi), nh cung cp Softswitch c th thc hin bng cch b sung thit b mi hoc

ci t phn mm. Cc nh cung cp thit b Softswitch u a ra l trnh r rng cho qu trnh ny. Trong a s cc trng hp, cc Gateway c chuyn thnh MGW v MGCF. Ggateway bo hiu chuyn thnh SGW trong IMS. Mt s chc nng nh tuyn cuc gi thc hin trong BGCF. C s d liu ca thu bao tp trung trong UPSF. Cc chc nng Call Agent s do S-CSCF v I-CSCF thc hin hoc c nh ngha trong cc phn t mi. Chc nng chuyn mch class 4/5 c a vo cc server ng dng. Cc SBC cung cp c ch bo v bo hiu v chc nng Gateway gia cc mng VoIP c a vo P-CSCF.

Hnh 5: Tch cc chc nng ca SBC theo m hnh li IMS ca ETSI 6. Mt s gii php chuyn i ln IMS ca cc nh cung cp thit b Trong nhng nm gn y, nhiu vendor cung cp thit b thc hin cc chc nng IMS. Tuy nhin, do IMS ch c chun ha v mt chc nng nn vic tch hp cc chc nng trong mt thit b hon ton ph thuc vo cc vendor. Mi vendor trong c cc vendor ln nh Alcatel, Nortel, Huawei, cng chn cho mnh mt gii php ring. Gii php IMS ca Alcatel

Hnh 6: Gii php IMS ca Alcatel Alcatel a ra gii php chuyn i cho ton b h thng mng theo m hnh mng NGN ca TISPAN vi cc giao thc c chun ha nh: SIP, H323, SS7,

Diameter,... Softswitch thc hin chc nng ca tng i class 5/4 v MGCF trong kin trc IMS, c dung lng ti a l 2 triu thu bao v kh nng x l 4500 CAPS (Call Attempts per Second). Cc chc nng iu khin: S-CSCF, I-CSCF, AGCF, BGCF, iFS c tch hp trong cng mt thit b A5020 CSC. A5430 SRB thc hin chc nng NASS v RACS. P-CSCF c kt hp vi SBC hoc chc nng quyt nh chnh sch PDF (Policy Decision Function). Cc chc nng khc c tch thnh cc thit b ring: A1430 HSS, A8688 MRF, A5350 iAS (server ng dng IMS), Vi gii php ny, nh cung cp dch v c th cung cp cc dch v di ng, c nh hoc Internet trn mt h tng mng IP duy nht nh: dch v tin nhn tc thi, push-toX, hin th v qun l danh b, Gii php IMS ca Huawei

Hnh 7: Gii php IMS ca Huawei Huawei a ra gii php chuyn i t Softswitch c kh nng cung cp nhiu dch v nh: dch v qun l nhm, nhn tin a phng tin, VCC,... c thit b chnh gm c: CSC 3300 Call Session Control Function cung cp y cc chc nng lin quan n nhn thc ngi dng, qun l phin, qun l roaming; l phn t chnh trong gii php v h thng mng IMS v mng kt hp c nh, di ng ca Huawei. Ngoi cc chc nng c bn nh: P-CSCF, S-CSCF, I-CSCF ca mt CSCF, n cn c thm chc nng BGCF la chn ng truyn t IMS ti mng chuyn mch knh v nhn din chc nng thanh ton trc tip (OCG). HSS 9820 l server lu tr cc thng tin ngi dng, c tch hp c chc nng HSS v SLF ca mng IMS vi s lng thu bao c th ti 10 triu. MRS 6200 gm 2 thnh phn MRC 6200 v MRP 6200 kt hp vi nhau nhn bit c ch phn bit iu khin ti nguyn phng tin t sng mang nh: audio conference, video conference, voice mailbox, video mailbox, nhc chung a m, hnh mu, PoC. AIM 6300 c chc nng qun l v tr, cu hnh mng truy nhp v lu tr thng tin ngi dng ca mng c nh, phn b cc tham s mng v v tr hin ti ca thit b ngi dng. N bao gm c chc nng NACF v CLF trong NASS. AGC 3000 c nng cp t Softswitch theo hai hng ty thuc vo cu hnh hin ti ca mng

NGN, vic nng cp c thc hin bng thao tc nng cp phn mm. AGC 3000 c th ng vai tr nh mt AGCF hoc MGCF. SoftX3000 tip tc c s dng thc hin chc nng I-BCF. 7. Kt lun C th ni IMS kt hp c nhng xu hng k thut hin i nht, c th truy nhp mng mi lc, mi ni, vi mi thit b u cui. IMS cn to nn tng chung pht trin cc dch v a phng tin khc nhau v h tr cc ng dng ph tri ca mng chuyn mch gi di ng, to thun li cho vic trao i thng tin ca khch hng. L trnh chuyn i t Softswitch sang IMS cho mng th h sau tr nn r rng. Xu hng pht trin tt yu ca mng th h sau cn phi c s hi t thoi d liu, di ng c nh. Do , vi nhng mc ch m IMS hng ti nhm to nn tng chung pht trin cc dch v a phng tin khc nhau v h tr cc ng dng ca mng chuyn mch gi di ng, to thun li cho vic trao i thng tin ca khch hng, IMS s l hng pht trin ch o ca mng th h sau trong tng lai. y cng l l do cc t chc chun ha nh 3GPP, ETSI v ITU chn IMS lm nn tng mng li xy dng h thng tiu chun cho NGN. Ti liu tham kho [1] John Longo, IMS & The future of Softswitch in Next Generation Network, Heavy Reading, Vol. 4, No 19, December 2006. [2] Gonzalo Camarillo, Miguel A. Garca-Martn, The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2006. [3] Bob Bellman, From Softswitch to IMS: Are we there yet?, Business Communication Review, 2006. [4] www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/oth/26/06/T26060000030032PDFE.pdf [5] http://www.tec.gov.in [6] http://www.etsi.org [7] http://www.itu.com [8] http://www.3gpp.org [9] http://www.nortel.com [10] http://www.alcatel-lucent.com [11] http://www.huawei.com