Professional Documents
Culture Documents
chC ong g
L G I T H IE U I I
V ilo n g mong m o ig iu pcho ca c h o c sinh, sinh vien, n h ngi ng c o nhu c au tm hieu, nghien c u v e Microsoft Excel, n h ng ngiang la mv ie cco lie nquan enExcel, s dung Excel nh m otc ong cu p h an tch v a g ia ito a n ;ch u n g to icho ra icu o n sa ch Excel trong p h antch kinh te nay,nham ap n gc nhu caun oi tren . Nham t imuc tieu tie t kiem thigian cho c ac oc g ia, cuon s ach n a yc c trnh b a ytheo t n gv an e v ic ac thao tac tng b ct n g b cm ot; c a c o c g ia c h viec ngoitren m a y v a thc h ien theo c ac thao ta cc m o ta theo t n gb a i. Trong p h ie n b a nsa pt icu ata ilie u n ay to ixin phepc giithieu m o tv a ing dung cu aExcel trong q u a n ly k e to an v a trong phan tch ta i chnh. a y la ta p ta ilie u a u tay cu a chun chac han kh ong tranh k ho i g, nhngsai so t,ra t mong c s o n g g o yp k ien c u ac ac o c g ia ,to ixin tran trong ca m n c a c y k ien o n g g o pq u y b a u cu a o c gia e cho c a c x uat b an sau s e h o a thie n hn. Th v e 232/6 V o Th S au, Q uan 3, n Thanh p h o H o Ch Minh. Xin chantha n hca mn.
M U CLU C
Trang 1. L a mquen v i a n gtnh .......................................................................................... 1 b 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. M Excel, ongExcel, phongto, thu n h o c aso Thanh menu C a cthanh congcu T h e m ,b tv a m ro n gh a n g ,co t,c a co trong bangtnh
2. Tao b a n gtnh m ................................................................................................... 6 i 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. N h a pd lie u S ad lie u Thay o i o ro n gc o t S dung thanh ca ccongcu chnh e ta c o n gle n d lie u S dung thanh nh dang e nh dang lai d lie u Lu ta ptin
3. Thc h ie nca cp h e ptnh v a n h n gthao ta cc a nb a ntr e nb a n gtnh ............... 20 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. C a cp heptnh canba n L a pca cco n gth ctnh toan,sao chepcongt h c trong bangtnh Dch chuyenkhoi,xoava sao ch e pk h o id lie u ongkhung k h o id lie u
4. S d u n g ha m trong b a n gtnh............................................................................... 25 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7. N homha m T h o n gk e N homha m T a ich a n h N homha m Toanhoc N homhamC huoi N homha m N g a y ,g i N homha m Logic N homha m Tm kiem
5. V e o th tr e nb a n gtnh ....................................................................................... 36 5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. 5.5. M anhnh o th va ca cth u at n g ntren o th hie V e b ie u o m o t n gtha n gt b a n gs o cho trc V eb ieu o n h ieu n gt ba n gco n h ieuco tlientiephay ca c hr i Chnhs a ,nh dang la i b ieu o V e th em n gv a o o th co sa n
6. Ch nhtrang in v a in a n......................................................................................... 51 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7. 6.8. V a ica uh o itr ckhi in Chnhtrang in nh dang bangthanh nh dang nh dang o (format cell) trenbangtnh nh dang m otkhoinhieuo C attrang doc, c a ttrang ngang, nh cho k h o id lie ulo t v a o1 trang. a nhv a opha n trenauva dichan(header, footer) ieuchnhin an :(in la chon, in t n gtrang v a in ta tc a )
7. P h antch o n h a y va P h antch h o iqui............................................................... 70 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. Phantch o nhay m o tchieu Phantch o nhay hai chieu Phantch h o iqui
8. Scenarios, Goal Seek, Solver ............................................................................... 74 8.1. 8.2. 8.3. B a itoa np hantch tnh huong B a itoa ntm giao ie m cu angcung v a n gc au B a itoa nqui hoach tuyentnh
9. M o p h o n g Crystal Ball.......................................................................................... 82 9.1. 9.2. 9.3. 9.4. 9.5. 9.6. Khai b a ob ieng iathie t ,b ienketqua Chay m o p h o n g Xem k etq u achay c L a pb a oca ova phantch Chay la i b a itoan v ic a cb ieng iath ie tv a b ie k e tq u a m i n a Crystal Ball hienth trenm anhnh Excel
Microsoft Excel
Hnh 1. Giao d ie nMicrosoft Excel 1.2. Thu nho c as o Excel Thao ta c : B1: N h apch uo tchuo tvaonu t trencu n gbentay p ha i Khi o c as o Excel s e c thu gon lai thanhm otbieutng trenthanh Start 1.3. P hongto c as o Thao ta c : Lu y :thao ta cn a yc h thc hien c khi c as o ang b thu n h o B1: N hapchuotvaobieutng thu gon cu aExcel tren thanh Start benpha d i m anhnh 1.4. T ho a tk ho i Excel: Thao ta c : B1: N hapchuotvaonut
Minimize
Microsoft Excel
K hainiem : Thanh menu hay c o ng o i la thanh thc n. H ay hnh dung khi chungta m Excel cunggiongnh chungta nhapvaom otbantiec.Trong b an tie cc o n h ie u m o nla th trong Excel c u n gc o n h ie u thao ta c,n h ieu troha p da n .e th n gth cca ctro h a p dannaychungta p h a ic o thanh thc n e xem v a sau o g o i ra thngthc.
Hnh 2. Thanh thc n Trong suotkhoahoc, chungta s e t t goi t n g m o n c o trong thanh thc n ra e thngth Hy vong en cuoikhoa hoc ca c Anh/Ch se th n g th ch a u h e t c. c a cm o nc o trong thc n. 3. C a cthanh con gcu 3.1 Thanh ca ccongcu thongdu ng (standard bar) K hainiem : Thanh caccongcu thongdung la m o t h ang cha cac bieu tng, nh bieu tng tao ta p tin m i,bieu tng m ta p tin, lu ta p tin, in a n ,xem trckhi in v a n hie u b ieu tng khac.
Hnh 3. Thanh c a c c o ncgu thongdung (Stardard bar) Lu y : Khi ta a chuotch vaocacbieu tng, th tren bieu tng se h ie n le n c h , b a o cho chungta b ie tc o ngcu m ata ang m u o ns dung la g. Khi m u o ns dung cong c u o th nha pch u o tv a om o tc a i. 3.2. Thanh nh dang (Formatting bar) K hainiem : Thanh nh dang la m o t h a n g c h a c a c bie u tng, nh bieu tng e ch n h loai font, bieu tng ch nh kch thc font, in ch am , in ch nghien v a nhieu bieu tng khac.
Hnh 4. Thanh nh dang (Formatting bar) Lu y : Khi ta a chuotch vaocacbieu tng, th tren bieu tng se h ie n le n c h , b a o cho chungta biet nh dang m a ta ang m u o n s dung la g. Khi m u o n s dung nh dang o th nhapch u o tv a om o tc a i. 3.3. Thanh cu ondoc, thanh cuonngang K hainiem :
bars). B iv m anhnh Excel c h c o th e h ie n th (cho xem) m otphan cuavan b an ang soan thao,nenta ph aid u ngthanh cuondoc e xem p h a nb e ntre nhay b e nd i va n b a nc o nta dungthanh cuonngang e xem p h a nb e ntra ihay b e np h a ic u ava n ban. Nhandang: Thanh cuondoc la thanh dainhat,nam doc b e n le p h a i;hai a u c o hai m u i te nle nv am u ite nx u o n g ; gi aco o vuongecuo nm a nhnh lenxuong. Thanh cuonngang la thanh nam ngang, th hai t d im a n hnh e m len .C o hnh dang giongthanh cuondoc, c h k h a cla n a m ngang.
Hnh 5. Thanh cuonngang Thao ta c: N hapvaom uitensang tra i e cu o nm a nhnh i sang trai. N hapvaom uitensang ph a i ecu o nm a nhnh sang phai. 3.4. Thanh Sheet tab Hnh 6. Thanh sheet tab Thao ta c: Di chuyenqua lai giacacworksheet. N h apch uo tlentencuasheet trensheet tab (Ctrl + PgUp hoacPgDown) o ite nworksheet N happhaichuotlentensheet can o ite n sheet tab, chon rename, g o te n m iv a o ,xong nhanphm Enter. S a px e pth t ca cworksheet N h aptra ich uo tlentensheet c ansa p x e pv ag i ch u o tk e o e nv tr m iv a thachuot. C henthem worksheet m iv a oworkbook V aothc n Insert, chon worksheet Sao chepworksheet N hap phaichuot len sheet, chon move or copy anh dau chon v a o h o p Creat a copy, xong n h apn u tOK. X o am o tworksheet N happhaichuotlentensheet canxoa,chon Delete, nhapOK e x o a . 4 T h e mb t,m ron gh an g,cot,xa c n h o trong b a n gtnh 4.1 C h nho ro n gh a n gco t: K hainiem : Excel la m o t b a n g tnh v ic a c co t c a n h so b a n g ch A,B,C,D .v.v..va ca chang c a n h so 1,2,3,4,.v.v..Nh v a y v im o t v co t cho tr c v a m o t tr v tr hangcho trcta c o th e x a cnh chnh x a cm o to trenbangtnh Excel.
Thao t a c: em ro n gh a n ghay co t,ta thc hien: B1: a chu otenv tr vach en la va c hngangiahai c o thay hang. B2: N h apv ag ic hu o t(k h o n gth ac hu o tra). B3: Dch chuyenchuotsang p h a i em ro n gh o a t sang tra i e e thu nh o co tlai. B4: T hachuotra. 4.2 T h e m b tso h a n ghay s o c o t Thao ta c: Vd1: T hem m otcotD tr cco tD: B1: a chu o tle no c o c h D (n am trenthanh ch nhorongcot). 1 B2: N hap chuotph a v a o c o tD (nhnhap chuottru g ngay o c o c h D), khi o i n m o tb a n gseh ie nra. 2 B3: N h apch uo tv aoch Insert . Vd2: Trong trnghp m uonth em n hie uco ttr cco tD th: B1: a chu otvaoo c o c h D. B2: N h a pv a g i c h u o t,ro ik e osang ngang. B3: N hapchuotphai. B4: N hapvaochInsert. Lu y :trong trnghp ta m uo n xo am o tco tth thao ta ch oa n to a ntng t cho c a c b c 1 v a b c 2, tuy nhien trong bc 3 th thay v nhap chuot vao ch Insert th ta nhapch u o tv a oc h Delete.
1 2
C h u o tc o hai p ha n :be ntra iv ab e np ha i.Khi ta n h a np h a nb e n p h a ila click chuotp h a i. Insert: tiengV ietngha l a chenvao,them vao.
Sao c h e pd lie ucho m o td a yc a co lie nnhau: Thao ta c : B1. N hapchuotvaoo m uonsao c h e pd lieu . B2. a ch uo teng ocd ib entay ph aio ang ca nsao c h e pd lie ucho c a co khac.Khi o ,m o td auth apm auen am(fill handle) seh ie nle n .
B3. N h a pv ag i ch u o t. B4. K eochuotxuongpha dineum uonsao c h e pd lie ux u o n gd ihay sang phaineum uonsao c he pd lie usang phai. B5. T hachuotra e k e th u cv ie csao c h e pd lie ucho c a co liennhau. t
N h a pv a om o tc h u o so lie ntie p i Thao ta c: B1. a n hso 1 v a oo autien. B2. G o phm Enter. B3. Nhapphm tra ich u o tva oo van hapcon s o 1. B4. a chuo ten go cd iben tay p haio ang ca nsao c h e pd lie u Khi o , m o tdauth apm auen a m seh ie nle n . B5. N h a pv a gi phm phai chuot. B6. K eochuotxuongpha dineum uonnha p ch u o iso x u o n gd ihay sang p h a in e um u o nn h a pc h u o iso sang phai. B7. T hachuotra, khi o m o tb a n gse h ie nle n . B8. N hapchuotvaoFill Series, khi o m o tc h u o iso lie n nhau se h ie nra.
Chungta c u n gc o th e n h a nphm F2 e s a o id lie u . e s a o in o idung ben trong c u am o to ,c h u n gta nhan phm F2, d u n gca cphm di chuyenqua trai,qua p h a i e di chuyenthanh nhapnhayench o ca n s a o iv ad u n gphm Delete e x o ak y t pha sau hay BackSpace e pha k y t pha trcthanh nhay. 3. S d u n g thanh con gcu chu an(Standard bar)
New Workbook
Format Painter
Print Preview
Spelling
Copy
Redo
Open
Save
Undo
Past
Cut
N u m t danh sach
Insert Hyperlink
Function Wizard
Sort Descending
Sort Ascending
New workbook
: D u n g e m m o tta ptin m i.
Office Assistant
Web Toolbar
Chart Wizard
AutoSum
Drawing
Zoom
Map
T a ptin l a g? L a m o tloai van ban,trong m a ytnh c o ra t nhieu loai van b an,m o im o tloai v anba nc tao ra t m otphanm em khacnhau. Trong Microsoft Excel: m o tta ptin la v a n b a ndang bangtnh, c o th e a n hc h , a n hso ,tnh to a n ,v e o th v a n hie u n gdung khac. Thao tac:D ungmouse nhap phm tra ich u o tv a on u tNew workbook th Excel se ta o ra m o tta ptin m i. Open : N u tn a yc o c h cn a n gla m mo tta ptin a c o sa ntre n a
Thao ta c: G ia s n e u ta m u o n m m o t ta p mang te n la Sales.xls trong o a C, theo tin ngdanC:\My Documents\Bai tap 3.xls ta la mnh sau: B1: Nhapphm tra ic u ac h u o tv a on u tOpen, th m o th o ph o ithoai xuathiennh sau:
T e nta p tin
B2: Chon o a C bangcachnhapphm tra ic h u o tv a on u t c u ah o pdanh sach Look in, chungta thaydanh sa chca co a. H aychon o a C. B3: N hapkepchuotv a o , e tr v e th muc g oc. B4: N hapkepchuotvaoMy Documents e v a oth muc nay.
Ta th ay xuat hien tap tin Bai tap 3.xls. (c o th e ch u n g ta ph a i dung thanh cu o n e tm ta ptin nay ) B5: Nhapchuot2 la nv a ota ptin ps8.xls th ta ptin n a yc m ra. Save : Lu ta ptin.
Thao ta c: G ia s ta tao xong m o tba ngtnh v a ta m uonlu bangtnh n a yth a n hm o tta ptin c o te n la Bai tap 5.xls theo ngdanC:\My Documents\ ta la mnh sau: B1: Nhap phm tra ich u o tv a o nu t Save th m o th o p h o ithoai Save As xuat hiennh hnh d i ay.
B2: N hapchu otvao cu ahopLook in e chon o a C B2: N h a pk e pc h u o tv a o e tr v eth muc g oc. B3: N hapkepchuotvaoMy Documents e v a oth muc nay. B4: a n hv a och Bai tap 5 trong h o pFile Name, ro in h ap phm traichuot v a on u tSave. Lu y :Chungta khongcananhBai tap 5.xls m ac h a n hBai tap 5 v a o h o pFile Name tho iv Excel m acnh la t ongthem phan m rong.XLS cho chungta. Print hanh. : e in ta t c a n o i dung ben trong c u a Sheet (bang tnh) hien
V du Sheet5 cuachungta c o 10 trang v a c h u n gta ang nhn th a y no idung ben trong c u aSheet5 (ngha la Sheet5 ang la Sheet hienhanh)th khi nhap phm tra ic h u o tv a n u tPrint th chng trnh Excel se ch u y en le n m a yin la 10 trang in. (xem them phanin b a ntnh b a i6)
Print Preview : e nhn thaytrang in cuachungta trckhi in. N eu trang in m a ta nhn thay tren m a nhnh Print Preview khong ungnh mong m uon cuachungta th chungta kp thich nh sa.Thao ta c n a y ra t quan trong, cho nen chungta phaiPrint Preview trckhi in v n o g iu pcho ta tranh khois lang ph gia y in, mc in, th igian (bao g o m th igian c u a chungta v a cu an h n gn g iin tre cu ngm a yin cuachungta). n
Xin xem chi tiethn phanchuanb trckhi in baihoc 6. Spelling : Kiemtra chnh ta (Theo t ientiengAnh).
Cho phep chungta kiem tra lo i chnh ta tieng Anh c u a n o i dung cu a m o t Sheet hienhanhhay c h m o tm o tp h a nn a o o c u aSheet hienhanh. Thao ta c: V du, chungta m uonkiem tra v a s alo ichnh ta c u ad a y o B1:C12 nh hnh diay .
B1: Chon vungB1:C12 B2: N happhm tra ich u o tv a on u tSpelling, th h o ithoai spelling xuathien.
B3: Nhap phm tra ich u o tv a on u tChange e Spelling thay t Yearr o B3 thanh chYear cho chungta v a tie p theo nha p ch u o t v a on u tchange e thay t Revanus thanht Revanues. Xong m o th o ph o ithoai xuathien tho ngbaocho chungta rangspelling a k ie m tra h o a nta tlo ichnh ta . B4: Nhapphm tra ic h u o t v a on u tOK e o n gh o ph o ithoai la i v atie ptu c co n g viectieptheo cuachungta. Cut : C a ti (lu o ns dung k e mv id a n )
N u tn a yd u n g e c a ti mo t phan noidung ben trong cu am o to hay c a m o to hay d a yc a co (caco o ph a iliennhau v ata o th a n hhnh c h n h a t) e d a nt i m o tni khactren bangtnh, ie u n a yk h a cv ic h nang xoalam m atha n c m o tn o idung m a Anh/ Ch a m u o nx o a. Thao ta c: G ia s ,c h u n gta c a td a yo B3:C6 v a d a nn o F3:G3
B1: Chon khoiB3:C6 B2: N hap phm tra ich u o t v a o n u tCut th m o t khung v ien b an g ne t gach t chay quanh khoinaycho chungta b ie tla k h o in a yang sa nsa nchchun gta d a nk h o in a y e nv tr khac. B3: Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a oo F3, Nhapphm tra ic h u o tv a on u tPaste e d a n chung F3:G6 Ghi c hu :Sau khi dankhoio env tr F3 th khoio B3:C6 la n h n go trong. Copy : Sao c h e pd lie u .
D lie u c oth e la m o t p h a n n o i dung b en trong m o t o , n o i dung c a o , hay nhieu khoio (cack ho io n a yc o th e n a m g a n nhau hay xa nhau), m o t o th hay m o t o itng c tao ra t thanh c o n gc u v e - Drawing Tools. Thao ta c: G ia s c a nsao chepkhoio B3:C6 t ik h o io F3:G6 B1: Chon khoiB3:C6 (ni sao chep)
B2: N happhm tra ich u o tv a on u tCopy (thi hanhlenhsao chep) B4: N happhm tra ich u o tv a oF3 (ni en) B5: Nhapphm tra ic h u o tv a on u tPast. Nh vay,chungta a sao chepxong v a nhn thaynh hnh tren. Ghi chu:C hungta c o th e sao chepen nhieu v tr khacnhau tren cungm ottap tin hay tre nm o tta ptin naokh ac. Past : D a np h a nd lieum a ta v am ira lenhsao chep.
Thao ta c:Xin xem phanthao ta cc u an u tCopy. C h u y :Khi c a n d a n d lie u la k h o io c o co ngth cth xem them phan tm hieu v e le n hd a nc o n gth cv a phng pha pdanacbiet. Format Painter : Sao chepnh dang.
Sao chep nhanh nh dang cu a m o to hay m otkhoi o hay m o t o i tng c tao ra t thanh co ngcu Drawing v a a p dung dang th c c u an o cho o hay ca ckhoio khachay o itng v e k h a c . Thao ta c: G ia s c h u n g ta c an sao c h e nh dang c u ao "Qtr1" c o n e n x a m v a a pdung p cho ca co co tb e ntra i,xem hnh d i ay .
B1: Chon o hay khoio c o chanh dang m ac hu n gta m uonsao chep. B2: N happhm tra ich u o tv a on u tFormat Painter B3: Con tro c h u o t lu cn a yc o th e m hnh c ay co sn b en canh. H aychon d a yo m a ta m uondan. nh dang c u a khoi o a cdan.
C h u y : N e u ta m u o n a p dung nh dang nhieu lan cho m o t la n sao chep nh dang th sau khi chon khoi o m a ta ca n sao chep nh dang, ta hay N h ap k ephm tra i c h u o t v a o n u t Format Painter, ro i la n lt chon p nhngkhoi o ta c a n a p dung nh dang en khi n a o xong, hay nh ap phm tra ic h u o tv a on u tFormat Painter.
Undo
V du, chungta v am ithc hien le n h x o am o tk h o io xong, ba y g i c hu n g ta la i m u o n la la y la i d lie u c u ak h o io o th haynh ap phm tra ich u o tv a o n u tUndo. Redo : Thc h ienlai ca cthao ta ccu ale n hUndo
V du , chieu ro ngcu acotA la 10 n v ta thay oichieu rongcotA c o n5 n v, sau o thc hienlenhUndo, lu cn a yc o tA c o c h ie u ro n gla 10 n v. N eu chungta m u o n b o le n h Undo tr th nhap phm tra i ch u o t v a nou t c Redo. L u cn a y ,c o tA c o c h ie uro n gla 5 n v. AutoSum : T ongtnh tong.
L e n h n a y se t o n g tnh to n g c u a c a c o c o s o lieu lien tiep pha tren o h ie n h a n h(o m a ang c chon) hoacla to n gc u ac a co b e ntra ic u ao hien hanh(ngay hangcuao hienhanh). Thao ta c: G ia s c h u n gta c an tnh to n g c u aca co E5:E8 v a k e t q u a a t o E9 nh hnh minh hoa diay . B1: N hapchuotvaoE9 (o h ie nh a n h ) B2: N hap chuot vao nut AutoSum, th thay trong o E9 c o co n g th c =SUM(C9:D9), ngha la Excel t ong chon d a y e tnh to n g la C9:D9, nhng chungta ca ntnh tong cotthang3, v vayta dungmouse e chon lai k h o it E5:E8, ro in h anphm Enter enh a nc ketqua.
Ghi ch u :Thc te , trong trnghp tren th Excel t o n g chon k h o i e tnh to n g la E5:E8, v theo m ac nh Excel s e chon khoiso lie u lie n tie p theo hangcuao hienhanhhay c o tc u ao hie hanhc o s o o l nn h at. tre n c h la n v dung minh hoa e cho th a y c o tr n g h p le n h AutoSum oan sai y nh tnh tnh tong cua khoi o m a ch u ng ta mong nuon th chungta c o th e chon lai.
Past Function
Ghi c hu :Xin xem chi tie thn trong phanS dung ham trong bangtnh Sort Ascending : S a px e p d lie u b o tr dang bangtheo th ct tan gd an (Theo Alphabet, theo s o ,theo th igian). Sort Descending : C ungnh Sort Ascending, nhng sa p x e p d lie u theo th t g ia md a n . Chart Wizard : H ngd an t ngbccho chungta v e o th. Xin xem chi tie thn phanV e o th tre nb a n gtnh. Drawing : G oi thanh c o n gc u v e cho hienlen.
Zoom Control : Phongto thu nho. D ungeieukhien cheophongto thu n h o c u ac u asheet hienhanh.C hung ta thngd u ngco ngcu naye ph o ngto m anhnh bangtnh xem d lie u cho r o hn v a thu nh o m a nhnh bangtnh v imuc ch la d e quan sa tm o tv u n g l n d lie u n h a m th u a n tie n cho viec chon khoi. Zoom Control g o m c o 2 phan, phan khung b e n tra i la s o p h a n tra m quan sa tm a n hnh c o n n u tb e n p h a ila n u t e m danh sa chchon l a ca cso p h a ntra m quan sa tm a nhnh. Office Assistant : D u n g e tra l ic a u h o i,c h d a n theo y e u ca u ,v a tr g iu pv enh n g at iem cu achng trnh Office theo yeucau.
4. S d u n g thanh congcu nh dang (Formatting Bar) Thanh co ng cu nh hnh tre n la thanh co n g cu nh dang, n o bao g o m c a cn u t nhan (buttons), m o i n u t n h a n se mang m o t chc nang thc thi rieng. V du, chungta c an chon kieu ch(Font) cho m o toan v a n b a nn a o o th nhap phm tra ich u o tv a on u tFont e chon la kie u c h m ach u n gta m uon.Sau a y s e m o ta chi tie thn ve ch cn a ngcu athanh con gcu nay . Ghi c hu : e b ie tc te n cu am o tn u tn a o o tre n thanh congcu, chungta a con tro c h u o t e n n u t o th ben canh con trochuotxuat hien m otkhung cha te nc u an u t o .
Center Across Columns Merge and Center
Decrease Decimal
Increase Decimal
Decrease Indent
Increase Indent
Curency Style
Comma Style
Percent Style
C h u y :Khi m uonnh da n g ph a nnaotrong bangtnh th p h a ic h o n p h a n o tr c r o isau o m id u n gthanh co n gcu Formatting. Font b an. : e nh dang kieu ch cho m o t oan van
Thao ta c : V du ta ca nnh dang m o td a yc a co C2:F2 la k ie u c h Vni-Times v a c a c ch trong o l a nghieng, am en, Gach div a canh gia (noi dung ben trong c u a o nan v tr gi a o ). a n h v a o v a nh dang sao cho c h REPORT nam giaC1:F1 v a c h n a yc o c c h la 12.
Font Color
Fill Color
Boders
Align Right
Underline
Font Size
Align Left
Center
Italic
Bold
B1: Chon khoiC2:F2 B2: Nhapphm traichuotva o n u tm danh sa cc a cFont ch , ro ichon kieu Vni-Times. B3: Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a on u tBold (nh dang cham ) B4: Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a on u tItalic (nh dang c h nghieng) B5: Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a on u tUnderline (nh dang c h c o gach di) B6: Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a on u tCenter (canh gia) B7: Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a oC2 B8: Nhap phm tra ic h u o tv a on u tm danh sa chkch c c u a c h (Size) chon 12. B9: an hvaoo C2 c h REPORT ro iEnter. (chphaic a t co t autienC2 cu ak h o iC2:F2) B10: Chon khoio C2:F1 v an h a pc h u o tv a on u tCenter Across Columns. K etquachu n gta c o c nh dang cuo icu n gnh hnh sau. , va
Ghi ch u :Ta c o th e nh dang m otphanno idung bentrong c u am o to (cell). Nh vay, trong m o to c o th e c o n hie u k ie nh dang khacnhau cu a c a cp h a n u n o idung bentrong. T v d u tre n ,ro ra n gla c h u n gta a nam batc chcnangcuakhung Font Size, c a cn u tBold, Italic, Underline, Align Left, Align Right, Center v a n u t Center Across Columns. Tiep theo chungta th x e tm o tv du sau eh ie u c c a cch cn an gconlai c u athanh con gcu Formatting. G ia s ,c h u n gta ca n nh dang lai m otba ng bend iay .
(enh dang phancachtheo s o ngan). Chungta th a yc a cso trong c a co v am inh dang c o d 2 s o le . B2: Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a on u tDollar Sign e cho c a cs o trong c a co n a yc o them dau$, Nhapphm tra ich u o tv a on u tDecrease decimal 2 la n e b o 2 s o le .Xin xem hnh minh hoa d iay .
B3: Chon vungE5:E8, Nhapphm tra ic h u o tv a on u tPercent Style e cho c a c s o trong c a c o n a y c o th e m d a u %. Nhap phm tra i c h u o t v a o v a o n u t Increase Decimal 1 lanetangthem 1 s o le c u ac a cs o trong vungn a y.Xin xem hnh minh hoa diay .
B4: Chon vungC5:E8, Nhapphm tra ic h u o tv a on u tm h o pBorders ch aca c nh dang c u a khung, Nhap phm trai chuot chon ambao quanh vungC5:E8. e o n g khung n e t
B5: Chon vungB4:C8 v a C4:E4 (bang ca chchon trcvungB5:C8 ro in h an g i phm Ctrl ro iq u e tchon tiepvungC4:E4, sau o th a phm Ctrl ra) Nhapphm tra ic h u o tv a on u tm h o pBorders ro iN h apphm traichuotchon e ongkhung netm anhxung quanh m o io c u a2 v u n g a chon tren. B6: Nhap phm trai chuot chon o B4, Nhap phm tra i c h u o t v a o n u tm h o p Color v a chon m a ux a m a m e to n e no B4. B7: Nhapphm tra ichuo tv a on u tm h o pFont Color v a chon m a utra nge ch trong o B4 thanhm autrang. C uoicungta c o k e tq u a nh hnh diay.
N hap chuot v a o n u tn a y e m h o p Borders
BAII 3. THCC HIENN CACC PHEPP TNH VA THAO TACC ONNG KHOII DI DII
1. C a cp h e ptnh ca nb a n : Trong pha n n aych u ngta se la m quen v ica c thao ta ctnh toan trong ba n gtnh bao gom ca c p hepto anco ng ,tr ,nha n ,chia v a lu yth C a ctoa n t na y c a. k y h ie utheo ba n g3.1:
K h ie u + * / ^ ^(1/n)
BANG 3.1
B aitapta i ch o 1 : Cho hai to anhang 1 v a toa nhang 2 nh hnh v e ;ha ythc hienca c pheptnh toan cho c a co co nlai cu aB A N G 3.2: A 1 2 3 4 B
Toa nhang 1 16
C
Toa nhang 2 2
D
To n g
E
H ieu
F
Tch
G
Thng
H
Lu yth a
I
C an
BANG 3.2
B3: N hapchuotva oo B3 B4: an hvaoda u + B5: N hapchuotva oo C3 B6: G o phm Enter e h o a ta tv ie ctnh toan. n Tng t ca cAnh/Ch thc hie ncho ca cp h e ptnh co nlai, lu y trong bc4 (anh va od au+) b a ig ia im auto a nt se c thay o itu ytheo t n gba i tnh.
B a ita pta i c h o 2:
Cho hai to anhang 1 v a to a nhang 2 nh hnh v e ;h a ythc hienca cph e ptnh to a n cho c a co co nlai cu aB A N G v a t mnh ngh ra them m otvaipheptnh. 3.3
A 1 2 3 4
B
Toa nhang 1 16
C
Toa nhang 2 2
D
162 +2
E
(16+2) 2
F
(16-2)*2
G
(16+2)*16 -2
H
..
BANG 3.3
Thao t a cCho pheptnh 16 + 2 = B3 + C3: B1: N hapchuotva oo D3 B2: an hvaoda u = B3: N hapchuotva oo B3 B4: an hvaoda u ^ B5: a n hv a oso 2 B6: a nhv a oda u + B7: N hapchuotva oo C3 B8: G o phm Enter e h o a ta tv ie ctnh toan. n C a cAnh/Ch t g ia ib a ita p2 co nlai n a y .
2. Sao c h e congthc: p B a ita pta i c h o 3: G ia s Anh/Ch kinh doanh 4 m athang: - A o mi s - Q uantay - N on - G ia y H aytnh doanh thu cho 4 ma tha n gtrenda v a oBANG 3.4 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 B
Ma th ang Ao Polo QuanDocker N o Levis n G iayRebox
C
n gia (USD/cai) 40 50 15 60
D
S o lng (Ca i) 15 13 15 9 To n gco ng
E
Doanh thu (USD) =C3 * D3
BANG 3.4
Thao ta c : B1: Thc hien phep tnh nhan cho hai o C3 v a D3 v a cho a p s o o E3 nh B ang3.4 B2: Anh/Ch thc hie n copy co n g th ccho ca c o E4, E5 va E6 bang ca c h a chu ot eng ocpha d ib entay pha icu ao E3, khi o dauthapen hie nlen. B3: Click v a g i chu o t(khongtha chuotra) B4: K eochuotxuongpha d i eno E6 th ngng lai. B5: T hachuotra; lu cn a yc a co doanh thu cho c a cma th a n g a co . B6: Tnh tongdoanh thu bangcach nhap chu o tva oo E7. B7: Click vaobieu tng AutoSum nam tre n thanh ca c cong cu thong dung (Standard Bar). B8: G o phm Enter e hie nra a pso . Lu y :H a yt kiem tra c a cc o n gth cc u aca co E4, E5, E6 v a E7.
3. on gkhung m o tk h o id lie u Thao ta c : B1: a n hk h o ito a nb o k h o id lie uca n ongkhung ba n gc a ch: - Click va gi chuot,sau o k e osang ngang ro ik e ox u o n gd itoan b o k h o id lie uca n o n gkhung. - T hachuotra. B2: Click v a om u itenx u o n gcu abieutng Borders trenthanh nh dang e h ienlenmo tba n gcho ta la chon ca ckie uongkhung. B3: N hapchuotva okie uongkhung m a Anh/Ch mu o n e h o a ta tviecong n khung cho k h o id lie uc h u n gta v achon.
4. Dch ch u y e nk h o id lie u Thao ta c : B1: anhkhoitoan b o k h o id lie uma Anh/Ch m uondch chuyen. B2: a chuotenvie ncu akho id lie ucho enkhi da u thaptrang bien thanhm u ite ntrang. B3: Click v a og i ch u o t,k e oe nv tr m im a Anh/Ch m u o n a tk h o id lie u . B4: T hachuotra.
B a ita pta i c h o 4: Cho m otb a ngnh B A N G h a ydch chuyen c o td lie u"Gia cau2" sang v 3.5; tr g i a"Gi a ca u1" v a "Gi a cung".
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B
Lng 2 4 6 8 10 12
C
G ia c au1 23 21 19 17 15 13
D
G iacung 3 6 9 12 15 18
E
G ia ca u2 18 16 14 12 10 8
BANG 3.5
Thao ta c : B1: anhdaukhoico td lie u"Gi a ca u2" B2: Dch ch u y e nk h o id lie u" Gi a cau2" e n v tr gi a"G iaca u 1" v a "Gi a cung" bangcach: - a chuotenvie ncu ak h o id lie u ,cho hie n le n m u ite ntran g - Click va gi chuot,sau o k e osang v tr g i ac o tC v a D, trung ngay ngphanc a ch hai c o tca n gto t. B3: B amphm Shift B4: Thachuotra.
Y NGHA C U H A P TH D U P
Tr trung bnh =AVERAGE(number1,number2,) =AVERAGE(5,3,4,8,5,6) H e s o tng quan gi ahai c h u o iso lie u =CORREL(array1,array2) =CORREL({1,3,5,7,9},{2,4,6,8,10}) em so lng ca co c o g ia tr =COUNT(value1,value2) =COUNT(B2:B35) ongphng sai, trung bnh cu atch ca ccapsai lech. =COVAR(array1,array2) =COVAR({2,3,1,4,1,3},{5,1,2,4,3,1}) em so lang a pc u am otm angcon trong m a ngl n =FREQUENCY(data_array,bins_array) =FREQUENCY({4,5,6,7,8,9},{5}) Tung o g o ccu am o t n gh o iqui tuyentnh =INTERCEPT(Known_ys,known_xs) =INTERCEPT(({2,3,1,4,1,3},{5,1,2,4,3,1}) G iatr l nnhat cu am o tm a n gd lie u =MAX(number1,number2,..) =MAX(1,3,9,6,8,3) G ia tr tai o ch u o i so lie u c chia o i sau khi sap xep(sorted). =MEDIAN(number1,number2,..) =MEDIAN(1,3,9,6,8) =MEDIAN(1,3,9,6,8,3) G ia tr n h o nha tcu am o tm a n gd lie u =MIN(number1,number2,..) =MIN(1,3,9,6,8) S o y e uv ; la so co so la nlaplai n h ie un h a t =MODE(number1,number2,..) =MODE(1,3,9,6,8,3)
KET UA Q
5.167
CORREL()
COUNT()
16 (c o ntu y )
COVAR()
-3.70074E-17
FREQUENCY()
INTERCEPT()
2.5
MAX()
MEDIAN()
6 4.5
MIN()
10
MODE()
11
NORMDIST()
12
NORMSDIST()
13
NORMINV()
Phanphoitch lu ychuan =NORMDIST(x,mean,standard_dev,cumulative) =NORMDIST(42,40,1.5,TRUE) Phanphoitch luychuanchua n h o a =NORMSDIST(z) =NORMSDIST(1) =NORMSDIST(2) =NORMSDIST(3) T ra v e g ia tr x trong phanphoichuantch lu y = NORMINV(probability,mean,standard_dev) =NORMINV(0.99865,1,1) T h hang (t l n enn h o )cu am o tg iatr =RANK(number,ref,order) =RANK(B6,B3:B9,0) =RANK(B6,B3:B9,1) H eso g o ccu am o t n gh o iqui tuyentnh =SLOPE(known_ys,known_xs) =SLOPE({3,5,4,6,7},{1,3,5,6,5}) ctnh o l ech chuancu am o tm au =STDEV(number1,number2,..) =STDEV(4,3,12,6,8,9,11) ctnh o le chch u a ncu am o tto n gth e =STDEVP(number1,number2,..) =STDEVP(4,3,12,6,8,9,11) ctnh phng sai cu am o tm au =VAR(number1,number2,..) =VAR(4,3,12,6,8,9,11) ctnh phng sai cu am o tto ngth e =VARP(number1,number2,..) =VARP(4,3,12,6,8,9,11)
0.908788
4.000023
14
RANK()
3 4
15
SLOPE()
.05625
16
STDEV()
3.408672
17
STDEVP()
3.155817
18
VAR()
11.61905
19
VARP()
9.959184
Thao t a ctnh g ia tr trung bnh: B1: Chon o h ie nth apso ;v d u o F2, nh v aythao ta cla nhap chuotva oo F2. B2: a chuotle n thanh ca cb ieutng tho n gdung (Standard bar) v an h ap chuo t vao bieutng Paste Function L u cn a y tren m a n hnh h ien le n m o t c a so nh HNH 4.1, co hai khung tran g:b entraicho phepAnh/Ch chon loai h am ,benp ha icho chon te n ha m
B3: h o pthoaib e n i,nha p chu o tv a oStatistical e chon loai hamth on gke. tra B4: h o pthoa i bentay phai,nhapchu o tv a och AVERAGE e chon ha m tnh g iatr trung bnh. B5: N hapchuotva o n u tOK, Sau khi nhap chu ot v ao OK, m o tc aso k h a ch ie n ch
le n,b a tAnh/Ch nhapv aochuoi e tnh g iatr trung bnh.
B6: anhdaukhoit o B3 e n o B9 trong khung trangNumber1 B7: N hapchuotva on u tOK, hoa nta tvie ctnh gia tr trung bnh m o tch u o iso . Tng t , Anh/Ch h a ytnh toan cho ca ch a mc o nlai. Lu y :Trong trnghp ha m c o nhieu thongs o th ca ctho n gs o c nh apv ao h a m p ha i u ngtheo th t . Ne u c aso hie n le n che m atchu o idongnga n lu, chungta co the dch chuyenc a s o i ba n g thao ta c :nha p va gi chu o tva o m o t v tr ba tk y tre n c aso ,ro idch chuyenchuotsang m o tv tr khac.
2. C a ch a mta ic h a n h Trong so 15 ham ta ichanh,xin th u that rang to i khongphaila nha phan tch ta i chanh chuyen nghiep n e n to i c h b ie t s dung va i ham n gian. Hy vong rang v i c a c ha m n gia n n a y Anh/Ch se la m quen da n v i ca c h s dung h a m ta ichanhtrong ba n gtnh Excel. Trong suo t qua trnh khoahoc, to ise th a o lu an th e m v ica cTha y e b o xung m o tc a ch tng o i a y u ca ch a mta ichanh cho c a cAnh/Ch. B a ngbend ia y la m o tso h a mta ic h a n hth o n gdung:
TT 1 TEN
DDB()
Y NGHA C U PHA P TH D U
Khauhao v ik e tso g ia mnhanh k e p =DDB(cost,salvage,life,period,factor) =DDB(1000000,100000,6,1) G iatr tng lai cu atien aut =FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type) =FV(10%,1,,-100) =FV(10%,1,,-100,1) =FV(10%,1,-10,-100) =FV(10%,1,-10,-100,1) N oisuatthu ho ivoncuam otdongnganlu =IRR(value,guess) =IRR({-1500,400,500,700}) G ia tr h ien tai th uan cu a m otdo n gn gan lu. H am n a yd u n ge a dongngan lu b a t a u t n a m 1 tr i ve n a m (xem themthao ta c) 0. =NPV(rate,value1,value2,) =NPV(10%,{400,500,700}) Chi tr a nh ky motkhoankhongoi =PMT(rate,nper,pv,fv,type) =PMT(10%,3,-1500,0) =PMT(10%,3,-1500,0,1) =PMT(10%,1,-1500,0,1) G iatr hientai cuatienaut =PV(rate, nper,pmt,fv,type) =PV(10%,3,20,100) L a i su a t (cho m o td a ni vay) =RATE(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type) =RATE(1,0,100,-110) Khauhao ta isa ntheo ngthang =SLN(cost,salvage,life) =SLN(10000,2000,10) Khauhao ta isa ntheo ch so to n gn am =SYD(cost,salvage,life,per) =SYD(10000,1000,5,1)
KET UA Q
333,333
FV()
IRR()
3.0078%
NPV()
1302.78
PMT()
PV()
-124.87
RATE()
10%
SLN()
800
SYD()
3000
Y ngha c u ac a cth o n gs o trong c a ch a m : DDB() FV() IRR() Values Guess NPV() Rate Value1 Value2,. PMT() Rate Nper PV FV : Suatchieckhaucho to ando n gtie n : C a cg iatr cu ado n gtien : B o tro n gn eud o n gtie nkhongqua30 th ioan : Suatchieckhau : T o n gso th ioan pha itra tnh theo hangnam : G iatr tienh i en ta i tienvay c : G iatr tng lai tienvay co nla i cha tra, n e ub o tro n g l a = 0, ngha l a a tra h ettienvay : C achtnh cho khoa ntra e uPMT, n e ub o tro n gla = 0, ngha l a chi tra euva oc uo in a m : Suatchieckhau : T o n gso th ioan pha itra tnh theo hangnam : Khoanchi tra e u m o ith ioan, n e ub o tro n gla = 0 : G iatr tientng lai c o c : C achtnh cho khoa ntra e uPMT, n e ub o tro n gla = 0, ngha l a chi tra euva oc uo in a m : C a cg iatr cu ad o n gtien : G iatr suy o a n ,n e ub o tro n gla = 0 Rate Nper Pmt PV Type : Suatchieckhau : T o n gs o th ioan pha itra tnh theo hangnam : Khoanchi tra e u m o ith ioan, n e ub o tro n gla = 0 : G iatr tienh ient ai, n e ub o tro n gla = 0 : C achtnh cho khoa ntra e uPMT, n e ub o tro n gla = 0, ngha l a chi trae uv a ocu o in am
: G iatr ban au : G iatr co nlai : T uo ith o cu athietb : S o th ioan tnh khauhao : H e so tnh khauhao (k e p ),n e ub o tro n gla = 2
RATE() Nper SLN() Cost Salvage Life SYD() Cost Salvage Life Per Pmt PV FV Type
: T o n g so th ioan chi tra theo nh k y hay ha n g nam cho d an i vay : Khoanchi tra e u m o ith ioan, n e ub o tro n gla = 0 : G iatr tienhient a i nhanc khi vay : G ia tr tie np h a itra tng lai : C achtnh cho khoa ntra e uPMT, n e ub o tro n gla = 0, ngha l a chi tra euva oc uo in a m : G iatr ban a uc u ata isa n : G ia tr c o nla i c u ata is a n ,n e ub o tro n gla = 0 : S o th ioan ta isa nc tnh kha u hao : G iatr ban a uc u ata isa n : G ia tr c o nla i c u ata is a n ,n e ub o tro n gla = 0 : S o th ioan ta isa nc tnh kha u hao : T h ioan tnh kha u hao
B a ita pta i c h o 2: H aynhapv a om o td o n gng an lu nh ba n g4.2. 1. Anh/Ch h a ytnh g iatr hie nta i thuancuadongnganlu v isuatchie c khaul a 10% m otnam . 2. Tnh n o isu atthu h o iv o nIRR cu ad o n gn g a n lu n o itren . A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
N am D o n tie n g NPV(10%) IRR 0 -1500 1 400 2 500 3 700 4 600
Thao ta ctnh g iatr h ient a i ro n gcu ad o n gnga n lu: B1: N hapchuotva oo C5 e chon lam o h ie nth a pso . B2: Nhap chuotvao bieutng Paste Function tren thanh ca c bie u tng thong dung. B3: h o pthoa i bentra i,chon loai ha m Financial. B4: h o pthoa i benphai,chon ha mNPV, ro in h anphm OK. B5: khung c aso Rate, n h a pv a ola is u a tla 10% ro in h anphm Tab. B6: N hapvaochuoidongtie nt namth 1 ennamth 4 ba n gcach: N h a pv a gi chuotva oo D3 K e osang nganh eno G3 T hachuotra B7: N hapchuotva och OK B8: N hapchuotva ouoicu aco n gth trenthanh congth c(formular bar) c B9: anhdau+ B10: N hapchuotva oo C3 B11: N hanphm Enter e k e tth u cb a itoa n . Thao t a ctnh n o isua tthu h o iv o n(IRR) cuad o ngnganlu: B1: N hapchuotva oo C6 e chon lam o h ie nth a pso . B2: N hapchuotva obie utng Paste Function trenthanh ca cbieutng thong dung. B3: Chon h amIRR(), ro inhan chu o tva on u tOK, khi o mo tc aso hie nra nh hnh 4.2. B4: khung c aso Values, anhkhoitoan b o d o n gnga n lu t o C3 eno G3. B5: N hapchuotva on u tOK, hoa nta tvie ctnh n o isua tthu h o i v o n .
145 100
2.
INT()
123 -4
3.
ODD()
4.
MOD()
2 3.145926
5. 6.
PI() PRODUCT()
600
7.
QUOTIENT()
3 S o n ga u nhien S o n ga u nhiengia18 v a 45
8.
RAND()
9.
RANDBETWEEN()
10.
ROUND()
12345.68 12000
11.
SQRT()
25
12.
SUM()
50
13.
SUMIF()
14.
SUMPRODUCT()
4. C a ch a mx l y chuoi (Text) :
TT 1. TEN AM H FIND() CONG DUNG C U PHAP TH D U T ra v e v tr xuathiencuachuoicon trong c hu o il n =FIND(find-text, within-text, start-num) start-num:V tr batautm (m acnhienla1-auchuoi) =FIND(Excel,Microsoft Excel, 1) C a tla yb e ntra ic u ac h u o im o ts o k y t = LEFT (text, num-chars) = LEFT (Tran Van Hoa, 4) T ra v e so c h c h ie ud a ic u achuoi. = LEN (text) = LEN (Dai hoc Can Tho) oichu oith a nhch thng. = LOWER (Text) = LOWER (THONG TIN) C a tla ym o tso k y t c u achuo i = MID (text, start-num, num-chars) = MID (Trngai hoc C anTh,8,7 ) V iethoa k y t a ut = PROPER (text) = PROPER (tran van a) Thay m otphantrong chuoibangchuoikha c = REPLACE (old-text, start-num, num-chars, new-text) = REPLACE (T o ihoc Quattro,9,7, Excel) C a tla yb enpha ic u ac h u o im o tso k y t . = RIGHT (text, num-chars) = RIGHT (Tran Van Hoa,3) o is o qua chu o itheo dang ch nh. = TEXT (value, format- text) = TEXT (1234.56, ##,###.###) C a tb o c a ck y t tro n gv o ch trong chuoi. = TRIM (text) = TRIM ( MS Excel 5.0 ) oichu oith a nhch hoa =UPPER(text) =UPPER(can tho) o ich u o ico dang so th a ntr so h = VALUE (text) = VALUE (LEFT(1001 em co n,4)) KET UA Q
11
2.
LEFT()
Tran
3.
LEN()
15
4.
LOWER()
thongtin
5.
MID()
ai hoc
6.
PROPER()
Tran Van A
7.
REPLACE()
Toihoc Excel
8.
RIGHT()
Hoa
9.
TEXT()
1,234.56
10.
TRIM()
MS Excel 5.0
11.
UPPER()
CAN THO
12.
VALUE()
1001
01/25/94
2.
DATEVALUE()
3. 4. 5.
25
6.
MONTH()
7.
YEAR()
1995
8.
WEEKDAY()
6. C a ch a mlogic (Logical) :
TT 1. TEN AM H AND() CONG DUNG C U PHAP TH D U Cho tr TRUE (ung)neumoi o iso e uTRUE = AND (logical1 , logical2 , ..) = AND (2 >1 , 5 > 3 ,6 >= 6 ) Tr logic FALSE (sai) = FALSE () Tracnghiemie uk ien echon m ottrong 2 tr = IF (logical_test , value_if_True, value_if_False) = IF (B1 > = 0, SQRT(B1), Khongc o c a nb a c2) Cho tr logic ngc la i v itr logic c u a o is o = NOT (logical) = NOT (4 > 5) Cho tr TRUE u n gn e uc o m o t o iso la TRUE. = OR (logical1, logical2, ) = OR (2 > 1, 3 > 5, 10 < 9) Tr logic TRUE (ung) = TRUE () KET UA Q
2. 3.
FALSE() IF()
4.
NOT()
TRUE
5.
OR()
TRUE TRUE
6.
TRUE()
Excel C o tB la c o t th 2 T c o tB en c o tF la : 5
2.
COLUMN()
3.
COLUMNS()
4.
ROW()
5.
ROWS()
6.
HLOOKUP()
36 7. INDEX()
36
8.
VLOOKUP()
36
BANG 5.1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
4 6 8 10 12 14 16
O d li eu
C a ctruc (Axis) Truc hoanh(truc X) : l a truc namngang Truc tung (truc Y) : l a truc thangng Lu y : Trong Excel khi v e o th dang XY (Scatter) co t au tien c Excel nga m h ie u la truc X; c a cc o td lie u co n la i s e la d lie u tre n truc Y. N eu c h u o i d lie u c anhkhoitheo ha n gth h a n g a u tie n s e la truc X. N eum o t ba n g c o so hang nhieu hn s o co t , Excel se h ie u d lieu v e o th c sa p xep theo co t . N eu ba n g co s o c o t nhie u hn, Excel se h ie u d lieuang sa p xeptheo ha n g . T ie u e cu o th (Chart title) a T ie u e c u a o th la dongta pha tren o th va c dunge g i ithie u te nchnh c u a o th. T e ncu ac a ctruc (Axis title) T encu atruc X: la tie u e c ghi bendi,hay benhongcu atruc X. T encu atruc Y: la tie u e c ghi bentrai hay bentrencu atru c Y. C a cch u thch (Legends) C a cch u thch g iu pta pha n bietca cngkhacnhau, ca c ngnayc v e t ca cd lieu k h a cnhau. C a c n gk el i(Gridlines) n gk el itre n o th giu pta d e da n gxac nh g ia tr tren ca cng bieudien .V d u nh g ia tr ta i giao iem cuangcung va ngcau.
V u n gn e nc u a o th (plot area) L a v u n g n am sau lng c u a c a c ng o th . Thong thng Excel s e e vungnen co ma u xa m .Tuy nhie n ta co the chnh m au l a khong m auhay tu yy .Xem pha n c hnh s am a u phanc hnh s a o th . 2. V eb ie u o m o t n gth a n gt ba n gs o lie ucho trc, dang Scatter XY Thao ta c : B1. N hapv aom o tba n gs o lie u(t o B2 eno C9) nh B A 5.2 NG
BANG 5.2 B2. anhkhoitoa nb o b a n gd lie ut o B2:C9 N h a pv a gi chuott o B2 K e osang ngang m o tco t ,ro ik e ox uo n gd i eno C9 th dnglai. T hachuotra. B3. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu tho n g dung (standard bar) ro inha p 1 chuot vao bieu tng ChartWizard , m o t c a so hien ra nh hnh 5.1 B4. N hap chuotchon dang o th XY (Scatter), khi o n a m dang o th XY Scatter s e hie nth B5. N hapchuotchon dang c o n gcong n o i. B6. N hapchu o tv a on u t Next, m o tc aso v i o th se h ie n le n thongba o v e n g u o nd lie uv e oth. B7. Tiep tu c nha p chu o tva o n u tNext, c as o k e tie p cho phepAnh/ Ch nha p v a ote n o th (khung Chart title), ten truc X (khung Value X axis) v a te n truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2.
HNH 5.2: N h a p tie u cho o th e B9. C a s o k e tie p hie n le n cho phep chu n g ta xac nh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet : cho o th h ienth va o m o ttrang m i(new sheet), khung As object in : cho o th hie n th va oungtrang ang lamviec.
HNH 5.3: Chon v tr h ienth o th B10: N hapchuotvaoFinish e o th h ie nt h ra nenExcel. Sau khi h o a nta tB10, m a c d u o th ah ie n ra tren nen Excel, th e nhng hnh dang o th lu c n a yra tx a u . e c hnh s ao th cho v a y ,chungta co th etie ptu c theo d o ithao ta cch n hs a o th b a i5, muc 5.4 3. V e b ie u o n h ie u n gt m o tb a n gc o n h ie u t lie ntie p hay n h ie ucot co ca chr inhau 3.1. V e t b a n gc o n hieucotlientiep ,dan g XY Scatter V du: Ve o th ngcung va ngca uv iB A 3 cho tr NG c. Thao ta c : B1: N hapvaoba n gso lieunh B A 3 NG BANG 3 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B
Lng 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
C
G ia cung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
D
G ia c a u 22 19 16 13 10 7 4
B2. anhkhoitoa nb o b a n gd lie ut o B2:D9 N h a pv a gi chuott o B2 K e osang ngang hai co t e nco tD, ro ik e ox u o n gdi en o D9 th dnglai. T hachuotra. B3. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu tho ngdung ro inha p chu o tvaobieu tng ChartWizard, m o tc aso hie nra nh hnh 5.1 B4. N hap chuotchon dang o th XY (Scatter), khi o n a m dang o th XY Scatter s e hie nth B5. N hapchuotchon dang co n gn o i. B6. N hapchuotva on u t Next, c aso v i o th se hie nlen. B7. Tiep tu c nha p chu o tva o n u tNext, c as o k e tie p cho phepAnh/ Ch nha p v a o te n o th (khung Chart title), ten truc X (khung Value X axis) v a te n truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2. B8: Tieptu c N h apch u o tv a on u tNext trong c aso hnh 5.2 B9. C a s o k e tie p hie n le n cho phep chu n g ta xac nh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet: cho o th hien th vaom o t trang m i(new sheet), khung As object in: cho o th hie n th v a o u n gtrang ang lamviec,nhapchuotvaoAs new sheet. B10: N hapchuotvaoFinish e o th h ie nt h ra nenExcel. 3.2. V e t b a n gc o n h ie uc o tlie ntiep,dang Line V du: Ve o th ngcung va ngca uv iB A 3 cho tr NG c. Thao ta c : B1: N hapvaoba n gso lieunh B A 4 NG BANG 4 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B
Lng 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
C
G ia cung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
D
G ia c a u 22 19 16 13 10 7 4
Lu y :c a a n hda u k h o iv e dang o th dang line s e kha cv iv e o th ch dang XY Scatter. B2. anhkhoibangd lieut o C2:D9 N h a pv a gi chuott o C2 K e osang ngang m o tco te n c o tD, ro ik e ox uo ngd i eno D9 th dnglai. T hachuotra. B3. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu tho ngdung ro inha p chu o tvaobieu tng ChartWizard , m o tc aso hie nra nh hnh 5.1 B4. N hap chuotchon dang o th Line, khi o b a y dang o th Line s e hienth B5. N hap chuotva o n u t Next, c aso v i o th se h ie n le n .L u cn a y o th va n cha x a cnh u n gg ia tr c u atruc X; tiep tu c thc hien a g iatr truc X v a o o th nh sau: B6. N hapchuotva othanh Series b e ntre n o th nh hnh 5.4
B7. N hapchuotva okhung trangCategory (X) axis labels b end i B8. a chuot ra nen Excel va a n hk h o ic o ts o lie uX; t o B3 enB9. N eu c aso o th che m atb a n gso lie u, khi o c h u n gta thc hien di chuyen c a so o th b a n g c a n h a pv a g i ch u o ttren n gm a u ch xanh am (co do n gch Chart Wizard....) tre n c as o r o imang sang ch o k h a .c B9. Nhapchu o tva o n u tNext, c aso k e tie p cho phepAnh/ Ch nha p v a o te n o th (khung Chart title), ten truc X ( khung Value X axis) va ten truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2. Sau khi n h ap ten cua o th va te nhai truc xong. B10. Tieptu c N h apch u o tv a on u tNext trong c aso hnh 5.2 B11. C aso k etiep h ienle ncho phepchu n gta xa cnh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet : cho o th h ien th v ao m o ttrang m i(new sheet), khung As object in : cho o th hien th v a o u n gtrang ang lamviec,nhapchuotvaoAs new sheet. B12. N ap chuotv aoFinish e oth hie n th ra trong m o ttrang m i(new sheet) c o te n la Chart 1. 3.3. V e t b a n gc o n h ieuco tca chr i,d an g Line V du: Ve o th ngcauv ib a n gd lie ucho nh B ang5 B A N G B a n gv iso lieuc a ch r i 5: A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B
Lng 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
C
G ia cung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
E
G ia ca u 22 19 16 13 10 7 4
Lu y :c a a n hda u k h o iv e dang o th dang line s e kha cv iv e o th ch dang XY Scatter. B1: anhdaukhoico td lie ugi a cung ( t C2 enC9)
N hapva g i ch u o tgi ao C2 ro ik e ox u o n go C9. T hachuotra. B2: Tay tra iba m v a g i lu o nphm Ctrl (khongtha phm ra) B3: Tay phaidungchuotan hda uk h o ic o td lie ugi a caut o E2:E9 B4: Thachuotra trc. B5: T h aphm Ctrl ra sau. Nh v ayla ta a a n hk h o ic hai c o td lie u c a r inhau. Ta tiep ch tuc thc hie nca cbctieptheo nh v e o th 5.3.2 k e t b cB3. B6. a chuot len thanh cac cong cu tho ngdung ro inha p chu o tvaobieu tng ChartWizard , m o tc aso hie nra nh hnh 5.1 B7. N hap chuotchon dang o th Line, khi o b a y dang o th Line s e hienth B8. N hap chuotva o n u t Next, c aso v i o th se h ie n le n .L u cn a y o th va n cha x a cnh u n gg ia tr c u atruc X; tiep tu c thc hien a g iatr truc X v a o o th nh sau B9. N hapchuotva othanh Series b e ntre n o th , xem hnh 5.4 B10. N hapchuotva okhung trangCategory (X) axis labels B11. a chuotra n enExcel va a n hk h o ic o ts o lie uX; t o B3 enB9. N eu c aso o th che m atb a n gso lie u, khi o c h u n gta thc hien di chuyen c a so o th b a n g c a n h a pv a g i ch u o ttren n gm a u ch xanh am (co do n gch Chart Wizard....) tre n c as o r o imang sang ch o k h a .c B12. Nhap chuotva o n u tNext, c a so k e tie p cho phep Anh/ Ch nhap v a ote n o th (khung Chart title), te n truc X ( khung Value X axis) v a te n truc Y (khung Value Y axis), xem hnh 5.2. Sau khi nhap ten c u a o th v a te n hai tru c xong. B13. Tieptu c N h apch u o tv a on u tNext. B14. C aso k etiep h ienle ncho phepchu n gta xa cnh v tr o th c hien th nh hnh 5.3, khung As new sheet : cho o th h ien th v ao m o ttrang m i(new sheet), khung As object in : cho o th hien th v a o u n gtrang ang lamviec,nhapchuotvaoAs new sheet. B15. N hapchuotva o Finish e o th hienth ra trong m o ttrang m i(new sheet) c o te n la Chart 1.
4. C h n hs a n h d a n g la i b ie u o 4.1. nh dang lai kch th cv a m a un e n a. C h nhkch th co th : Thao ta c : B1: N hap ch uo tm otca itren n en cu a o th, khi o xung quanh n e n s e h ie nle nca cn u thnh vuongnhom auen. B2: a chu o t en v tr ca c n u ten cho en khi chu o tt dang m u ite n m autrangchuyent h anh m u ite nhai a u ma uen th dnglai. B3: N h a pv a g i chu o t B4: D u n gch u o tk e o echo o th c rongra. B5: Thachuot B6: T ie p tu c n ha p v agi chu o tv a oca c n u ten co n lai e ieu ch n h cho enkhi kch th ccu an e n u l nso v ikch th c o th ban auth ngng lai. b. C h n hm aun en : Thao ta c : B1: N hap chuot hai c a i lie n v a o tre n n e n c u a o th, m o t b a n g m a u se hienra e ta chon m au,xem hnh minh hoa.
HNH 5.8: B angchon m au B3: N hapchuotva omo to m autu yy B4: N hapchuotva on u tOK
4.2. nh dang lai truc X, truc Y a. Dch ch u ye n tr te nc u ac a ctruc. v Thao ta c : B1: Nhap v a gi chu o tv a ote n cu atruc X, na m b end itruc hoanh;hoa c te ncu atruc Y, nambentra itruc tung. B2: Dch chuyenchuotenv tr m uona tten. B3: T hachuotra. b. Quay ngang te ncu atru c Y: Thao ta c : B1: N h a pch u o tp h a iv a otencu atruc Y. B3: B a n gn h o hie nlen,ta nha p chuotva odongch Format axis title...
B4: M o tc aso h ienle n nh HNH 5.9, ta nha p chuotv aoAlignment B5: Sau khi nhap chu o tv a o ch Alignment, m o t c a s o nh HNH 5.10 h ie n le n , lu c o Anh/ Ch s e la chon hngcuaten truc X, bang ca c h anhvaogocnghieng o Degrees hoackeokim h n g e n g o c o mong m uon.C hText tren hnh la dang nam doc, Anh/ch chon v a o ch Text namngang, ro in h a chu o tva on u tOK p
c. ieuch nhlai thang o (scale) cho hai tru c C.1 ieuch n hthang o cu atruc Y: Thao ta c : B1: Click chon o th n e uAnh/Ch ang b enn go a i o th. B2: Double click va ocon s o ba tk y na m pha b entra icu atruc tung. B3: M o tc aso Format Axis hien len nh HNH 5.11, khi o Anh/Ch chon Scale B4: Chnh lai ca c gia tr Minimum, Maximum, Major Unit:n v o chnh, Minor Unit: n v o phu, ro in h apch u o tv a on u tOK.
Thang o: T ren m ottruc s o s e c o g iatr l nnh a t ,n ho nhat,b cchnh v a b cphu. T a tc a b o ny e uto tre n la th e h ie n a y u c u am o tthang o, c o th eh ie un g ia nn o la c a yth co.
C.2 ieuch n hthang o cu atruc X: Lu y : Thang o cu atruc X se k h o n g ie u ch n h c khi o th ang c o dang Line. Khi o ta phainh dang cho o th c o dang l a XY-Scatter. Thao ta c : B1: N hapchuotph a ivaom otie m b a tk y tre n n e n o th . B2: N hapchuotva oChart Type, m o tc aso h ienlennh HNH 5.12 B3: N hapchuotva oXY [Scatter], roin hapchuotva oOK. Sau khi o th dang XY [Scatter] th c o th e ch n h s aScale nh pha n C.1.
HNH 5.12: Loai oth B4: Double click va ocon so b e nd itruc hoanh. B5: N hapchuotva och Scale. B6: Chnh lai ca c gia tr Minimum, Maximum, Major Unit:n v o chnh, Minor Unit: n v o ph u, ro in h apch uo tv a onu tOK. 4.3. nh dang lai ng,m au n g ,k y h ie utr e n n g Thao ta c : B1: Click e o th n e uAnh/Ch ang b enngoa i o th. B2: Double click va ongthang, m o tc aso h ie nle n nh HNH 5.13 B3: B en d i pha n ch nh ng, pha d i c h Line, Anh/Ch chon custom, sau o ch n h dang ng(Style), m aung(color), o n e t (weight) d a yhay m ong. B4: Tng t cho thao ta c ch n h ng b en tay pha i l a chnh (marker) , d auan h tren ng,daua n hna y g iu pta p hanbietgi aca c ng v inhau.
HNH 5.13: nh dang chuoiso lieu 5. V e th e m n gv a om o t o th c o sa n Thao ta c:T r ctien ca cAnh/Ch v e o th cua ngcung; sau o th em ngcau. B1: N hapv aom o tba ngso lie u(t o B2 eno D9) nh hnh v e ( B A 7) NG BANG 7
B2: anhkhoiba n gd lie ut B2:C9 N h a pv agi chuott o B2 K e o sang ngang m o tco t, ro i ke o xuong dien o C9 th dnglai. T hachuotra. B3: Thc hien thao ta c v e o th giongnh thao ta ctrong p h an v e o th 5.2 (v e o th cu am o t n gth a n g ),(xem la i p h a n v e o th 5.2 v a thc hienenB10). B4: a o th n gc auva otheo c a cthao ta c : a n hk h o ico td lieug iaca u t D2:D9 N hapchuotvaobieu tng copy. Sau o d a v a o o th bangcach: n h a chuotva o o th, sau o n p nha p chuotvaobieutng d a n.
B a i6. Chnhtrang in v a in a n
B a i6. Chnhtrang in v a in a n
e g o i h o pthoai Page Setup chungta pha ic o b a n g tnh cu achungta tren m a n hnh. N hap chuot vao trnh n File, m ot bang danh sa ch ca c lenh trong trnh n naytraixuong,N hap chuotchon lenh Page Setup, h o p h o i thoai Page Setup xuathiennh hnh 6-1.
Tab Page Tab Margins Tab Header/Footer Tab Sheet
Hnh 6-1
H o ph o ithoai Page Setup
Trong h o p h o ithoai Page Setup, chungta th a y n o c o nhieu Tab, sau ay lanlc chungta s e xem x e tch cn an gcu at n gp h antromg m o iTab na y. Khung ch cn angPage (xem hnh 6-1) Trong h o p h o i thoai Page Setup, n hap chuot vao ch Page th Tab Page c n o ile npha tr cc a ctab khactrong ho pthoai Page Setup. P hanOrientation: P h an nay cho chungta 2 la chon la n o i dung cu a bangtnh khi in ra s e b o tr theo trang ngang (Landscape) h o a c la theo trang doc (Portrait). e chon trang doc, h a yn h ap ch u o t v a on u tRadio Button (xem hnh 6-2) ngay tr c c h Portrait hay neu m uon chon trang ngang h a y n h ap ch u o t v a o n u t radio button ngay tr c ch Landscape.
In trang doc
In trang ngang
Hnh 6-2
P ha nOriantation e c a i a tin trang doc hoacin trang ngang.
C h u y : +Trang th a icu an u tradio button ang c chon c o hnh v a khongc chon c o hnh +Trong phanOrientation n a yth chungta ch c o th e chon m o ttrong 2 la chon. +Trong m o tWorksheet chungta c h c o th e nh dang l a in trang doc hoacl a in trang ngang cho to a nb o c a ctrang trong Worksheet o .
Phan Scaling: D u n g e la m l n le n h o a c n h o p h a n n o i dung cu a Worksheet in ra. Chon la nay k h o ng la m thay o i kch th c cua Worksheet tren m anhnh. e tan g hay giam kch th ccu aWorksheet khi in ra, chungta ha ynh apchuotvaotrong h o pAdjust to, ro i a n hv a o so p h an tram kch th c cu a Worksheet in ra so v i kch thc bnh thng(xem hnh 6-3).
H opAdjust to
Hnh 6-3
P h a nScaling d u n g e thay o i t le in.
N h apch uo tv a on u tm danh sachth mo tdanh sa c hte n ca cloai khogiay c tra i x uo n g, ha y nhap chuot va o loai ten k h o g ia y m a Anh/Ch m uon chon. N eu ca c Anh/Ch khong thay te n cu a k h o g ia y m a mnh m uon chon th h a y n h ap ch u o t v a o n u tcu o n lenu a thanh cuon hoac c nhap chuotvao n u tcu o nx u o n g cu athanh c u o n e tm k iem te n cu ak h o g iay o .
Phan Print Quality: Chon la chat lng cu a trang in. e chon chat lng in h a y n h a p ch u o t v a o n u tm danh danh c u a h o p Print Quality (xem hnh 6-5) th m o tdanh sach tra i xuong ro i n h ap ch u o t v a o m ot trong ca cten trong danh sach.High, Medium, Low, Draft theo th t la chatlng cao, trung bnh, th ap ,v a in nhap.
Phan First Page Number: a y la phan la chon cho so c u a trang au tien. V du, neu chungta m uontrang a u tie n c o so c u a trang l a 5 th h a yv a oso 5 trong h o pn a y . Trong c a c tab cu a h o p h o i thoai Page Setup ta ieu th ay ca c nu tOK, Cancel, Print, Print Preview, Options, v a Help. C h cn a n g cu ac a cn u t n a yla : N u tOK: L a n u tghi n h an ta tca l a chon m a ta a c h ra. Sau khi nhap c hu o tva on u tOK th h o ph o ithoai Page Setup se o n glai. N u tCancel: L a n u th u y b o ta tc a n h g m a ta la chon. Sau khi nhap ng c h u o tv a on u tn a yth h o ph o ithoai Page Setup onglai. N u tPrint: D u n g e in bangtnh. N u tPrint Preview: N h ap ch u o t v a o n u tn a y th chng trnh Excel s e cho chungta nhn thaytrang in trckhi in. N u tOptions: echon la cho m ayin. N u tHelp: H ng dan bang tieng Anh v e ca c ch cn a ng c u a ca c p ha n trong tab hienhanh.
Khung ch cn angMargins Trong h o p h o i thoai Page Setup N h ap chuot v ao ch Margins th tab Margins c tro ile npha trc.
- Trong tab n a ycho chungta c a i a tc a cle c u an o idung ben trong trang in. C a cle n a yla : + K hoangcacht canh b e ntra ic u atrang giay enm e pphannoidung b en trong cu ab a n gtnh (c o te n la Left). + K hoangcacht canh b e np h a ic u atrang g iayenm epph ann oidung b en trong cu ab a n gtnh (c o te n la Right). + Khoangcacht canh b e ntre ncu atrang g iayenm epphannoidung b en trong cu ab a n gtnh (c o te n la Top). + K hoangcacht canh b e nd ic u atrang g iayenm epph ann oidung b en trong cu ab a n gtnh (c o te n la Bottom) + K hoangcacht canh b en tre nc u atrang g ia y e n m e p p h a n tie u e a u trang (header). + K hoangcacht canh b en d icu atrang g ia y e n m e pp h a n tie u e c u o i trang (Footer). (xem hnh 6-7)
Ghi c h u :
- Header ngha la tie u e a utrang. Nh Anh/Ch th aytieu e autrang cu apha n ta ilie u n a yla : "Chng trnh Giangday Kinh te Fulbright B a i6. Chnhtrang in v a in a n "
- Footer ngha la tie u e c u o itrang. T ie u ecuoi trang cu ap ha nta ilie uh n gd a nn a yla : C anhThac/Thanh Thai/Tha Phong nh 55 Microsoft Excel 2000
- C h Header v a Footer trong khung From edge cu atab Margins am ch khoangcacht canh tren trang g ia y e n p h a ntie u e a utrang v a t canh ditrang g ia y e n tie u ec u o itrang.
+ Trong khung Center on Page c o 2 phan la Horizontally v a Vertically dung e a tn o idung cu atrang in n am g i aca cle Left-Right v a Top-Bottom. N eu ta nhap chuotvaoo Horizontally th n oi dung trang in se n a m g i a le Left v a Right. N euta nhapchuotvaoo Vertically th n o idung trang in se n a m g i ale Top v a Bottom (xem hnh 6-7).
Header
Top
Hnh 6-7
Gia ithch c a c th u a tn g trong tab Magins.
Horizontall y
Left
Vertically
Right
Footer
Bottom
- e thay o ile ,h a y a n hs o v a oc a ch o pTop, Bottom, Left, Right (ch u y l a s o n a y c o n v o ch ieu d a itnh bang Inch). e thay o ile cu atie u e a u trang v a tie u e c u o itrang, h a y a n hso v a oh o pHeader, Footer (n v Inch) - Khung Preview l a cho chungta b ie tla ang thay o ile n a ob an ghnh an h. Khung ch cn angHeader/Footer Trong h o p h o ithoai Page Setup, nhap chuotv a och Header/Footer th tab Header/Footer c tro i le n pha trc(xem hnh 6-8). Tab n a y d u n g e a v a otrang in tie u e a u trang v a tie u e c u o itrang.
Hnh 6-8. Tab Header/ Footer d u n g ea va otrang in ca ctie u e a trang v a tie u ec u o itrang. u
C a cha v a otie u e a utrang: Thao ta c : B1. N h apchu otvaochFile trenthanh Menu, m o tc as o se r txuong. B2. N h apchu otvaoh angch Page Set u p trong c aso v ar txuong. B3. N hapchuotvaokhung ch Header/Footer. B4. N h ap ch u o t v a o n u tCustom header, m o t h o p h o i thoai Header xuat hien (xem hnh 6-9). H o ph o ithoai n a y c o 3 khung Left Section, Center Section v a Right Section. C a ckhung n a yla 3 ph a ntra i,g i av ap h a icu a tie u e a u trang. B5. N hap chuot vao trong 3 khung o v a a h v a o tie u e a u trang hoac n n h ap c h u o t v a o ca cn u tch e n so th t trang so trang ( m a l a &[Date]), g i c u alu cb a n g tnh in ra te n file cu ab a ntnh (m a la &[Tab]). ( m a la &[Page]), to n g ( m a la &[Time]),
nh dang chtieng V iet cho tie u e a u trang b an g ca ch b o ien (anh k h o i)n h n gk y t m a ch u n gta m uonnh dang sau o n h a p c h u o tv ao n u t th m o th o p h o ithoai Font hien ra (xem hnh 6-10) v a tie p theo chung ta c o th echon la ca cnh dang lai font c h m ac h u n gta muon.
B6. N h ap ch u o tv a on u tOK th Excel s e ghi n h an ca cca cnh dang m a chungta a chon v a h o p thoai Font c onglai; hoac nhap chuot v a o n u tCancel e h u y b o ta t c a c a c nh dang m a ch u n g ta v a chon v a h o ph o ithoai Font c onglai. B7. T iep tu c nh ap chuotvaon u tOK e Excel s e ghi nhanlai moi th m a chungta v am ia v a otie u e a u trang; hoacnh ap chuotvaonut Cancel e h u y b o tie u e a u trang m a ch u n g ta v a m ia v a o hoac ch nh sa.Sau khi nhap chuo h o p h o ithoai Header c ong t lai
C a cha v a otie u e c u o itrang: Trong tab Header/Footer, n h ap ch u o t v a o n u tCustom Footer th h o p h o i thoai Footer hienra (xem hnh 6-11).
T h o ph o ithoai naych u ngta a va o tieu e cu o itrang tng t nh ca ch a v a otie u e a u trang. Khung ch cn ang Sheet Trong h o p h o i thoai Page Setup, nha p ch u o t v a o ch Sheet th khung chcnangSheet c tro ile n pha trc(xem hnh 6-12). Sau aychung ta s e la nlt tm hie uv ekhung chcnangnay.
- Print Area: Khung n a ycho chungta chon vungin (xem hnh 6-13).
V du, chungta ca n in vungA1:B5 v a D1:E5 th c h ca n a n h v a o khung n a y A1:B5, D1:E5 hoac nhap chuo v a o khung n a y ro in h ap ch u o t vao t trong Worksheet v a d u n mouse e quetchon la vungA1:B5 ro in h a n g i g phm Ctrl v a q u e t chon vungD1:E5, khi quet chon xong th trong khung Print Area cung xuat hien $A$1:$B$5,$D$1:$E$5. C a c v u n g chon m a khong lien tuc th s e c in tren ca ctrang khacnhau. Nh v du tren th vungA1:B5 c in trenm ottrang v a D1:E5 c in trentrang khac. -Print Titles: D u n g e in lap lai h a g hay c o tm a ch u n gta m uonchon la m n au e (xem hnh 6-14). C a c au e ch c in lap lai nhngtrang tiep theo sau hanghay c o tc o a u e o .V du neuchungta chon m otha nghay c o tla m a u e in v a h a n g hay c o tna y nam trang th hai th k e t trang th ba tr i a un a ys e c in laplai.
B aygi ,chungta th xem them v d u sau eh ie uthe m v ein la plai a ue . Tren hnh 6-15, ta co m o tb a n g d a i,n e u in ra th b a n g n a y seco 2 trang v a b a n g n a y se b chia thanh2 phan nam trong 2 trang o .G ias ,p h an b a n g B2:H62 nam trang th n h a tv a pha n bangB63:H:75 nam trong trang th 2. Nh v ay khi xem g ia tr n a o o la Quantity hay Price ($) vv... trong trang th 2 th n h atth ietp ha i o ich ie u v i a u e h a n gcu atrang th n h at. v d u nh, e b ie t o D70 la g th ta p h a i o ich ieu v a otrang th n h a t m i bietc n o l a Quantity.
e k h o n g can p h a i o ich ieu len trang th nhatchungta h a ycho in lap lai tie u e c u a b a n g la h a n g s o 2 cu a ba n g tnh n a y (t c la h a n g c o tie u e No., Book name, Quantity, Price ($) vv...) b an g ca chm taptin c o b a n g n a y ro ig o i h o p h o ithoai Page Setup len, nhap chuotvaotab Sheet (thao ta c theo phan hngdan ca ctrang tr c)roinhap chu otv a ohop Row to Repeat at Top ro in h ap c h u o tv a ob atk y o n a ocu ah a n g2 c u awoorksheet th la pt ctrong h o p Row to Repeat at Top xuathien$2:$2 (xem hnh 6-16).
T ieptuc, nhapchuotvaonutOK cu ah o ph o ithoai Page Setup e Excel ghi nhanlai viecchungta m ila m .B ay g i ,n eu in ra bangtnh th chungta s e c k e tq u a nh hnh 6-17a v a 6-17b.
- Print: e chon la cacphantrong khung print th n h ap ch u o tv a oca chop check box . Sau khi nhap chuot vao h op check box th trong h o p n a y c a nhdauX c o hnh . V du, khi neu n hap ch uo t vaho pcheck box o cu aGridlines th chungta thaynh hnh 6-18.
+ Gridlines (xem hnh 6-19): l a mhng nglingang doc nh chungta thaytrenbangtnh (ca c n gn a ym anh v a m , d u n g e cho chungta thay c m o io trong bangtnh). neu chungta nhap chuotchon v a oh o pcheck box cu a Gridlines th khi in ra c a c o cha c ong khung (bang lenh Border) se c o n gm a n gbao quanh.
Gridline
Hnh 6-19. Gridlines
+ Black and White: Khi chon muc n a yva in bangtnh tren m ayin m au th m a t d u trong bangtnh chungta c o m a trang in cu ach u ngta c h c o u, m au
tra n g v aen. Ngoaira, chon la nayla m cho q u a trnh in tren m ayin m a u nhanh hn. + Notes: Khi chon muc n a yth n g o a in o idung cu aworksheet c in ra, ta tc a c a c ghi ch u cho ca c o cu a worksheet s e c in ra th a n h ca c trang ta chrie n g v ica ctrang c u an o idung worksheet. e in c a cghi c h u c u ac a c o i k e m v ia ch cu a n h n g o o th chung ta p h a i a n h d a u ca h o p check box cu aNotes v a h o pcheck box cu aRow and column headings. + Row And Colum Headings: N eu chon muc n a y th trang in s e c o them p h a nso th t h a n gv ate nc o tc u aca co trong bangtnh (hnh 6-20). so th t h a n gv a te n c o tc u ac a co c in ra trong trang in
+Draft Quality: Khi chon muc n a y th trang in cua ch u ng ta se k h o n g c sa c n e tv a ca c n g gridlines se k h o n g c in ra. Muc chon n a y se la mta n gto c o in. -Page Order: D u n g e ieu k h ien so th t trang tren trang in. G ias ,b a n g tnh khi in ra bao gom 4 trang v a ca c khoi A1:G30, H1:O430, A31:G60, H31:O60 namtrong c a ctrang khacnhau. + Down, Then Across: Theo g ia s tre n th muc chon n a y c o k e t q u a sau.
Trang1
Trang3
Trang2
Trang4
Trang1
Trang2
Trang3
Trang4
3. Xem trctrang in (Print Preview) T rckhi in, c a cAnh/Ch lu o nn h xem trctrang in. e xem trctrang in, trong lu c b a n tnh ang c m ,n h ap ch u o tv a on u tPrint Preview g thanh congcu Standard. M otm anhnh Print Preview hienra nh hnh 6-23. tren
- N u tNext: xem trang ke tiep .V du, tren m anhnh Print Preview l a trang 2 th sau khi n h apch u o tv a on u tn a yn o sech u y e nqua m anhnh l a trang 3. - N u tPrevious: Xem trang k e tr c.V du, tren m anhnh Print Preview l a trang 2 th sau khi nhap chuotvaon ut n a y n o s e chuyen qua m anhnh l a trang 1. - N u tZoom: Phongto hoac thu n h o trang in tren m anhnh. N eu chungta m uon phongto p h a n n a o o ,h a y n h a p ch u o t v a o v u n g o c u atrang in th v u n g o c phongto le n v a n h a p ch u o tm o tla nn av a otrang in th m an hnh thu n h o lai g o ig o n u m o ttrang trenm anhnh. - N ut Print: ein bangtnh. - N ut Setup...: ego i h o ph o ithoai Page Setup len. - N u tMargins: D u n g e ch n h le trang in tren m ang hnh Print Preview. Sau khi n h ap ch u o ta on u tn a yth chungta se th a y c a c n gle c u atrang v in v ac a c n gco th ie n ra, 2 auc u aca c n gn a yco o vu ongn ho m a u en (xem hnh 6-24).Thao ta c e ch n h le trang in h o ac ch n h o ro n g cua c o tla n h a p c h u o tv a on u tMargins, sau o a m u iten cu aMouse e n n u to vuongen ro in h a n v a g i phm tra icu aMouse ro ik e o e n v tr m ach ung ta muon. - N ut Close: e o nm a nhnh Print Preview lai. g
Hnh 6-24. M anhnh Print Preview sau khi nhapchuotvaonutMargins. Ghi c hu :Thanh d icu n gcu am a nhnh Print Preview l a thanh tnh trang trang in. Nh hnh tren th phan Preview Page 2 of 3 cu athanh tnh trang trang in c o ngha l a trang in cu achungta c o to n g c o n g la 3 trang v a trang hien tren m anhnh l a trang th 2. Do o ,nhn v a othanh n a y chungta se b ie tla to n gso trang l a bao n h ie uv a trang h ie n la trang s o m a y .
4. In a n 4.1. Thao ta cin a n V d u m a u : G ia s Anh/Ch ang c o m o tfile excel da i20 trang v a Anh/Ch m uonin ba trang au Thao ta c : B0: Xem lai trang in trckhi in, v a ch a chan rang file d a i u n g20 trang v a c k h o n gc o lo itrong ba trang au. B1: N h apchu otvaoch File. B2: N h apchu ot vaoch Print, m o tc aso h ie nle nnh HNH 6 - 25.
B5: N h apchu otvaoch OK Lu y : M atnh c aso From m a etro n gk h o n gg o g c a ,th excel ngamnh s e in t trang 1.
4.2. M a nhnh Print c o n h n gg? T rctien bang tnh phai c m ra. N hap chuot vao trnh n (menu) File, m o tdanh sa ch ca c len h trong trnh n File traixuong, nhap chuot chon lenh Print th m o th o ph o ithoai Print m ra nh hnh 6-26
Sau aychungta s e tm h ieucacphantrong h o ph o ithoai Print. - Printer: Sau c h Printer la te nc u am a yin. - Print What: Trong p h an g o m co 3 muc chon . + Muc chon Selection: N eu chungta m uonin m o tv u n gn a o o tre n b a n g tnh th chon v u n g o ro i m h o p h o i thoai Print sau o chon muc Selection ro in h apch u o tv a on u tOK e c h in vungbangtnh o . + Muc Selected Sheet: Muc n a y la muc m ac nh cho n en m o ikhi h o p h o ithoai Print hien ra th muc n a y a c chon. Chon la muc n a y la e in Worksheet hienhanh. + Entire Workbook: Khi chon muc n a y th to a n b o c a c Worksheet m a c o n o idung tre n o s e c in ra. - Coppies: Trong h o p n a yc m ac nh l a 1. Ngha la ,c h in m o tb o trang in thoi. N eu m uon in nhieu b o , ch a n g han nh 3 b o th a n h so v a o h o p 3 Coppies. - Page Range: Trong p h ann a yg o m co 2 muc. + All: n euchon muc n a yth ta s e in toa nb o c a ctrang cu ac a ctrang in m a chungta chon.
+ Pages: a n h so v a o h o p From e nh trang b a t a u in v a a n h so v a o h o p To e nh trang in cuoi.V du, trang in cu achu n gta c o 10 trang m a chungta ch m uo nin t trang 3 entrang 8 th h a y a nhva oh o pFrom s o 3 v a a n hv a oh o pTo s o 8. - N u tOK: L a e ghi n h a n lai ca cp h an ach nh in cuachu n gta v a b a t a u tientrnh in ra m ayin. - N u tCancel la e h u y b o c a cp h a n a c h nh in cuachu n gta v a o n gh o ph o i thoai Print lai. - N ut Page Setup: L a e m h o ph o ithoai Page Setup eieuch nhtrang in. - N ut Print Preview: L a e m m a nhnh Print Preview (xem trctrang in). - N ut Printer Setup: L a e c a i a tcho m ayin. - N ut Help: L a eh n gd anb an gtien gAnh v e h o ph o ithoai Print.
Ghi ch u : N eu chungta m b a n g tnh ra van ha p c h u o tva on u tPrint tren thanh congcu chuan (Standard) th Excel se tien ha n h tie n trnh in ra m a yin Worksheet hien hanh.Do o ,ch u ng ta se k h o n g c chon la nh trong h o p h o ithoai Print v ach u n g ta se k ho n g b ie t c trang in s e c in ra m ayin n a o v a vv... C h khi n a oc h a c c h a n la c h u n gta ch in Worksheet hie n h a n hv a trang in cu ata a c ieu ch nh hoanchnhth m id u n gn u tPrint nay .
B A N G Baitoantnh 7.1:
B aitoa n o n g : H aytnh tie nl ikhi hoacgia mua thay o ihoa c gia b a nthay o i. Anh/ Ch h a yla p bangphantch o nhay mo tchie u e xem x e t tien i . l
Thao ta c e la pba n gpha n tch o nhay m o tch ieuv ig iab a n : B1: G o va oo A6 dongPhantch o nhay v ig ia b a nthay oi B2: Anh/ Ch h a yg o v a ob a n gtay c a cg ia tr c u agia b a nt o B9:B12 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 B
Gia mua G iab a n T ien l i
C
8 10 2
= C4 9 10 11 12
B3: anhdau= va oo C8. B4: N hapchuotva oo C4 (g ia tr c u atie nl i),ro ig o phm Enter. B5: anhkhoitoan bo bangt o B8:C12 B6: a chuotle n thanh Thc n va nhapchuotva oc h Data B7: N hapchuotva och Table .tren m anhnh s e hie nle nnh HNH 7.1
HNH 7.1
B8: G o va ophm Tab e con tro n h a ysang h o pthoa i Column Input Cell B9: N hapchuotva oo C3 (gi a tr c u ag ia b a n). B10: N hapchuotva oc h OK, e h o a ta tlapba n g o nhay m o tchieu. n
2. P hantch o n h a y hai chieu Thao ta c e la pba n gpha n tch o nhay hai ch ie u v ig ia b a nv a g ia mua B1: G o va oo A16 dongBang pha n tch o nhay hai chieu B2: Anh/ Ch h a yg o v a ob a n gtay c a cg ia tr c u agia b a nt o B9:B22 B3: Anh/ Ch h a yg o v a ob a n gtay c a cg ia tr c u agia mua t o C18:F18 A 1 2 3 4 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 B
Gia mua G iab a n T ie n l i
C
8 10 2
B angphantch o nhay hai chieu
= C4 9 10 11 12
B4: anhdau= va oo B18. B5: N hapchuotva oo C4 (g iatr cu atienl i). B6: anhkhoitoan b o b a n gt o B18:F22 B7: a chuotle n thanh Thc n va nhapchuotva oc h Data B8: N hapchuotva och Table. B9: N hapchuotva oo C2 (g iatr c u ag ia mua) B10: G o phm Tab e con tro n h a ysang h o pthoai Column Input Cell B11: N hapchuotva oo C3 B12: N hapchuotva on u tOK
3. P hantch h o iqui K hainiem : Phan tch h o iqui la pha n tch m o itng quan cu a hai hay nhieu ch u o i so lie u cho trc,tm ra c phng trnh m o ta m o iquan h e c u ac a cc h u o iso lie u o da va o c a ctr th o n gk e m a e tq u acho t chay h o iqui (Regression). k V du: Cho hai chuoiso lieuX, Y nh ba n g7.4, h a ytm phng trnh Y theo X. Thao ta c : B1: N hapvaoba n gso lieunh B A 7.4 NG A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 B X
1 3 4 6 8 9
C Y
3 5 8 10 12 15
B ang7.4: Hai c h u o iso lie ucho tr c, e chay h o iqui B2: N hapchuotva oTool B3: N hapchuotva oData Analysis (C anAdd-ins trckhi s dung) B4: Dch chuyenthanh cu o n ,ro inha p ch uo tva oRegression, nhapchuotvaoOK B5: N h apch u o iso lie uY v a oc as o Input Y range; bangc a anhkhoio C2 eno ch C8 (C2:C8). B6: G o phm Tab e sang c aso Input X range. B7: N h apch u o iso lieuX va oc as o Input X range; bangc a ch anhkhoiB2:B8 B8: N hapchuotva oLabels B9: N hapchuotva oOK e hoan ta tthao ta cchay h o iqui. Lu y : Sau khi nhap chuot va o c h OK th m o t sheet m ih ien len cung ca p cho Anh/Ch mo ts o tr th o n gk e e c o th e p h an tch hai c h u o d lie u cho trong B A i NG 7.4
SCENARIOS
Scenario l a m o tco n gcu na m trong Tools, trenthanh Menu. c. b a i to av du trenExcel: n B a ito a nt nh: T rctien Anh/ Ch h a yxem x e tb a itoa n tnh nh B A N G 8.1. M otngikinh doanh m otm atha ngA v i: G iamua : 8 G iab a n: 10 T ralng: 0.5 => tie n l i= G iaba n- G iamua - T ralng = 10 8 - 0.5 = 1.5 A 1 2 3 4 5 6 B G iamua G iaba n T ralng T ienl i C 8 10 0.5 1.5 D
BANG 8.1: Baitoantnh
74
Microsoft Excel
B a ito a np h a ntch tnh huong: B e n d i a y la v d u v e gia c a cho ca c tnh huong(Anh/ Ch k h o n gp h h ja ig o va o bang8.2 nay).H aytnh tienl ikhi g ia mua, gia b a nv a tra lng thay o itheo B ang 8.2 sau: A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 G ia mua G ia ba n T ralng T ie nl i B C Trng hp 1 8 10 0.5 1.5 D E
BANG 8.2: B a ito a ntnh huong
d. S dung con gcu Scenarios e tnh tie nl itrong ba tnh huongtren: Thao ta c : B1. B2. B3. TrenExcel, th ietlaplai ba n g8.1, trong o o tnh tie n l io C5 pha ilien k e tco n gth cnh sau: "=C3-C2-C4" N hapchuotvaoch Tools trenthanh Menu. N hapchuotvaoch Scenarios.Khi o m o tc as o s e hie nra nh sau: .
B4.
75
Microsoft Excel
anhva ote n cu aTnh h u o g (vd: TH1) khung c as o Scenario Name: n N hanphm Tab e con tro n h a ysang khung Changing Cells: N h a n v a gi phm Ctrl ongth in hap chuotlan lt va o c a co b ie n (o c o g ia tr thay o i)
B8.
N h ap ch u o tv a on u tOK, khi o m o tc as o s e hie n ra nh hnh v e 8.3 cho phepAnh/Ch s aoig iatr cuaca cbien. T hong thngtr n gh p 1 l a trnghp goccu a b a itoa n tnh, nen ta s e g i la i khongthay oi gia tr c u ac a cbie n
Hnh 8.3: G ia ca cbien Hnh 8.3: G iatr cacb ien
B9.
N h ap ch u o tv a on u t Add, ro in h a p v a oc a cg iatr cho ca cb ien trong tnh hu o n gth hai, khi o c aso nh hnh 8.2 lai hienlen. B10. L an n a yAnh/Ch a n h v a o ten tnh hu ong,roinhap chu o tv a o n u tOK, m a khong khai b a o la i bien . Trong trnghp tnh huong 2 c o c a cb ie n kha ctnh huong1, khi o Anh/Ch phai khai b a ola i ca cb ien. B11. M o tc aso g io n g nh hnh 8.3 se hie n len, cho phep Anh/Ch nhap va o g iatr ca c bien C2, C3, C4 cu a tr n ghp 2, sau o Anh/Ch nhapchuot v a on u tAdd e tiep c nhapgia tr ca cb iencho trnghp 3. tu
76
Microsoft Excel
B12. Sau khi nhapxong cacbiencu atr nghp 3, Anh/Ch nhapchuotva on u t OK e k e t th u cv ie c nha p gia tr cho ca cb ien trong c a ctnh huong.Khi o m o t c a s o gio n g nh hnh 8.1 se h ie n len v i a y u te n ca c tnh huong. B13. Anh/Ch co th e chon ca c tnh hu o n g v a n h ap ch uo t v a o n u t Show e xem ca ck etqu a. B14. N h apch u o tv a on u tClose ek e tth u cv ie cchay. 2. B a ito a ntm giao ie m cu a n gcung v a n gc a ub a n gGoal Seek a. G i ith ieub a ito a n : Cho phng trnh ngcung v a n gca unh sau: ngcung: 3P - 2Q = 6 (pt 8.1) ngcau: P + Q = 30 (pt 8.2) T phng trnh ngcung va ngcauta lapc bang8.3 (xem hnh), trong o g ia tr c o tB c g o va obangtay, gia tr c o tC va D c tnh toan bang cong th c(vd: o C3 = 2/3*B3 + 2; o D3 = 30 - B3) A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Lng 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 G iacung 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 G iac a u 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6
GOAL SEEK
Thao ta c : B1. B2. N hapchuotvaoo E3, chon la mh ieucu ag ia cung v a gia cau. Thc hienpheptnh hieucho o E3 (=C3 - D3).
77 Microsoft Excel
N happhm Enter, e Excel thc hienpheptnh. N hapch uo ttrlai o E3 N hapchuotvaoch Tools trenthanh Menu. N hapchuotvaoch Goal Seek..Khi o m o tc as o s e hie nra nh sau:
B7.
a n hv a oso 0 khung To Value ro i a n hphm Tab cho chuotnha ysang khung By changing cell: B8. N hapchuotvaoo B3, chon lam bienthay o i. B9. N h apch u o tv a on u tOK, khi o Excel s e cho gia tr o B3 thay o icho en khi o E3 ba n g0, ngha la g ia cung va g ia ca u ba n gnhau. B10. N h apch u o tv a on u tOK ek e tth u cb a itoan.
SOLVER
78
Microsoft Excel
Solver la m o tc o n gcu namtrong Tools, trenthanh Menu. Trong trnghp Excel cu a ca cAnh/Ch khongco Solver, xem pha n 8.4. thao ta c e a v a oco n gcu Solver cho Excel trenm aymnh. c. S dung co n gcu Solver e tnh lng sa nx u atto iu: Thao ta c : B1. TrenExcel, th ietlapba ng8.4, trong o o b ran gb uo cla o C6 v a o tnh li nhuan p ha ilie n ketcongth c. C8 A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Li nhuan =F3*(E3-D3) + F4*(E4-D4) R angbuoc chi ph sx =F3*D3+F4*D4 Quan Ao C ongsuat /thang C/p sx 1sp 5000 10000 60000 40000 Gi a b a n 100000 65000 S o lng 0 0
B A G 8.4: T h ietlap b ato a n N i B2. B3. N hapchuotvaoch Tools trenthanh Menu. N hapchuotvaoch Solver..Khi o m o tc aso se hie nra nh sau:
79
Microsoft Excel
N hapchuotvaoo C8 khung Set Target Cell: N hapchuotchon n u t tro nMax h a n gth o n gso Equal To: N hanphm Tab e con tro n h a ysang khung By Changing Cells N hapchuotchon hai o F3 va F4 khung By Changing Cells e la mhai b ienso . N h apch u o tv a on u tAdd, khi o m o tc as o nh hnh 8.6 s eh ie nra cho phepchu n gta nhapvaoca cieukienrangbuoc.
Hnh 8.6: C aso n h a pca c ieuk ie nra n gb u o c. Trong hnh 8.6 n a ykhung b e ntra il a o b rangbuoc,khung b e np h a ila g ia tr rangbuoc,khung g i ala ieukien. V du: $C$6 <= 500 000 000 (Chi ph sanxuat) $F$3 <= $C$3 (co ngsu atm aysanxuatquan) $F$4 <= $C$4 (congsuatm aysanxuatao) $F$3 >= 0 (lng sa nx u a tquan) $F$4 >= 0 (lng sa nx u a ta o )
B9.
B10. a nv a oso 500 000 000 khung b enph a iConstraint Hai bc9 v a b c10 a h o a nta tvie cnhapieukienrangbuocve chi ph sa nxuat hangtha ng . B11. N h apch u o tv a on u tAdd etieptu c n h apb o n ieu kie nra n gb u o cco nlai. B12. ieukienrangbuoccu o icungnha p ch u o tn u tOK, khi o m a nhnh tr v e la i c aso hnh 8.5, v i a y u c a c ie uk ie nra n gb u o c . B13. N h apch u o tv a on u tSolve e Excel thc hienpheptnh, Anh/ Ch h a yquan sa tm a nhnh se th ayca co lng qua n ,a ova li nhuan thay o i. B14. N h apch u o tv a on u tClose e o n gc aso Solver l a i va tr v en e nExcel, khi o m o tm o tc aso nh hnh 8.7 hienlen.
80
Microsoft Excel
B15. N euAnh/Ch m uonlu lai k etq u aang hientrenm anhnh th nhapchuot chon Keep Solver Solution co nm u o ng i la i gia tr ban a u th nha p chuotchon Restore Original Values. B16. N h apch u o tv a on u tOK ek e tth u cb a itoan.
Hnh 8.8: C aso Add-Ins. B3. B4. N hapchuotchon Solver Add-Ins. N h apch u o tv a on u tOK, khi o trong Tools s e c o h a n gSolver.
81
Microsoft Excel
B A 9.1: B a itoan tnh NG B aitoa n o n g : H aytnh tie n l ikhi hoa c gia mua thay o iv a g ia b a nthay o i.B ietran g g iamua co dang phan phoi chuan, v i tr trung bnh la 8, o lech chuan la 1. Gia b a n c o dang pha n phoi chua n , v itr trung bnh la 10, o le c h chuan la 1. Anh/ Ch ha y chay m o phongCrystal Ball va h a ycho bie tk h a n a n glo la bao nhieupha n tram(%)?. C h u a nb tr ckhi chay m oph o ng: T rctien eco the chay c m o p h o n gCrystal Ball, ch u n gta ca nph a ila mhai viec: 1. T h ietlapb a itoan tnh, nh m o ta b e ntre n . 2. a c phan m em Crystal Ball hien th tren M an hnh Excel. Trong trng hp tren M an hnh Excel cha c o h ie n th Crystal Ball, Anh/ Ch xem hngdanca c ha Crystal Ball len Man hnh Excel phan sau muc 9.6. Thanh Menu cu aM a nhnh Excel sau khi a c Crystal Ball le nse c o th e m ba c h c n a n g m ila Cell , Run v a CBTools. o ng th iCrystal Ball cu n gthem v a othanh co n gcu m iv a oExcel:
82
Microsoft Excel
Thao ta c: Q uatrnh chay m o p h o n gCrystal Ball c o th e c chia la m4 giai oan: 1. Khai b a ob ieng ia thie t ,bienk et qua (c o ng o i la b ie nd b a o ) 2. Chay m o p h o n g 3. Xem k e tq u achay c 4. L a pb a oca ova phantch 1. Khai b a ob ie ng ia th ie t,b ie nk e tq u a a. Khai b a ob ie ng ia th ie t G iamua: B1. N hapchuotchon o C2 B2. N hapchuotva och Cell tre nthanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o m o tc as o m ra. B3. Nhap chuotvaoDefine Assumption.. hi o m o tb a n gc a cdang phan K p h o ise hie nlennh hnh 9.1
Hnh 9.1: C a cdang phanphoicu abiengia thiet(bienauva o ) . B4. N hapchuotchon dang Normal (pha n phoichuan). B5. N hapchuotva on u tOK, khi o mo tm anhnh hie nra nh hnh 9.2 cho phepchu n gta a va oc a cth o n gso cu aphanphoi. B6. a va og ia tr trung bnh = 8 khung c aso Mean B7. a va og ia tr o le chc h u a n = 1 khung c aso Std Dev
83
Microsoft Excel
Hnh 9.2 : C a cth o n gso cu aPhan phoichuan(Normal) b. Khai b a ob ie ng ia thie tG iaba n : Tng t nh phankhai ba ob ie ngiathie tG iamua B1. N hapchuotchon o C3 B2. N hapchuotva och Cell tre nthanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o m o tc as o m ra. B3. Nhap chuotvaoDefine Assumption.. hi o m o tb a n gc a cdang phan K p h o ise hie nlennh hnh 9.1 B4. N hapchuotchon dang Normal (pha n phoichuan). B5. N hapchuotva on u tOK, khi o mo tm anhnh hie nra nh hnh 9.2 cho phepchu n gta a va oc a cth o n gso cu aphanphoi. B6. a va og ia tr trung bnh = 10 khung c aso Mean B7. a va og ia tr o le chc h u a n = 1 khung c aso Std Dev B8. N hapchuotva on u tOK eh o a ntatvie ckhai ba obiengi a thie tG ia ban. c. Khai b a ob ie nk e tq u a (co ng o i la b ie nd b a o ): B1. N hapchuotchon o C4 B2. N hapchuotva och Cell tre nthanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o m o tc as o m ra.
84
Microsoft Excel
B3. N hap chuotvaoDefine Forcast.. hi o m o tc a s o h ie n ra cho phep K chungta nhapva o te n v a n v cu ab ienk etq u ahay co ng o i l a biend bao(khongnhapvaocungkhongsao). B4. Nhap ch u o t v a o n u tOK, sau khi nha p va o te n v a n v cu a biet ket qua ,hoa nta tvieckhai b a ob ienk etqua (bie n d ba o ) . 2. C hay m oph o ng a. X a c n h so la nchay B1. N hapchuotva och Run tre nthanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o m o tc as o m ra. B2. N hapchuotva oRun Preference. o tc aso hie nra nh hnh 9.3 M
Hnh 9.3: X acnh so la nchay B3. G o va o s o la n mu o nchay c a s o Maximum number of trials. V du: Go v a os o 2000 e Crystal Ball thc hien2000 la n m o p ho n g. B4. N hapchuotva on u tOK. b. Thc h ienlen hchay B1. N hapchuotva och Run tre nthanh thc n (thanh Menu). Khi o m o tc as o m ra.
85
Microsoft Excel
B2. Tieptuc nhapchuotvaoRun, khi o c as o chay m o p h o n gseh ie nra cu n gv ica ck e tq u a c u aca clanchay. Sau khi thc hie n u s o la nm o p h o n g ,c aso chay mo p h o n gse d n gl ai. B3. N hapchuotva on u tOK ek etth u cq u atrnh chay m o p h o n g ,k et quachay c s e hien ra nh hnh 9.4
Hnh 9.4: K e tq u achay m o p h o n g(Dang B ie u o T a nso ) 3. Xem k etq u a ch a y c C o n a m dang e xem k et qua chay m o p h o n g o la : Dang T h o n gk e(Statistics) Dang Phantram(Percentiles) Dang Bie u o Ta n so (Frequency Chart) Dang Bie u o Tch lu y(Cumulative Chart) Dang Bie u o Tch lu yNghch a o(Reverse Cumulative Chart) Trong na m dang tren, that ra ch c o bon dang au tien thong dung, c o n dang B ieu o Tch lu y Nghch a o t thong dung. Dan g Bie u o T a n so la dang ma c nhien, k et qua m o p h o n g cho ra sau khi chay, nh hnh 9.4. e xem c a cdang khac, chungta c o th e thc hie nnh sau: a. Xem k e tq u a d a n g T h o n gk e B1. T c aso K e tq u a m o phong(c aso Forcast) nh hnh 9.4, nhapchuotvao c h View trenthanh thc n. Khi o m o tc aso m ra. Trong trnghp
C anhThac/Thanh Thai/Tha Phong nh 86 Microsoft Excel
Anh/Ch l ta t c a s o K e t q u a m o pho n g (c a so Forcast), c o th e m la i bang c a nha p chuotv a oRun, sau o n h a p ch u o tv a oForcast windows, ch cuoicu n gla nhapchuotva oOpen All Forcarsts. B2. N hapchu o tva o Statistics, khi o m o t aso K etqua m o p h o n gd idang c T h o n gk ese m ra nh hnh 9.5.
Hnh 9.5: K etqua m o phongdang Thongk e b. Xem k etq uadan g Ph antram B1. T c aso K e tq u a m o phong(c aso Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhapchuotvao c h View trenthanh thc n. Khi o m o tc aso m ra. Trong trnghp Anh/Ch l ta t c a s o K e t q u a m o pho n g (c a so Forcast), c o th e m la i bang c a nha p chuotv a oRun, sau o n h a p ch u o tv a oForcast windows, ch cuoicu n gla nhapchuotva oOpen All Forcarsts. B2. N hap chuot va o Percentiles, khi o m o t c a so K et q u a m o p h o n g d i dang Pha ntra m s e m ra. c. Xem k etqu a d an g B ie u o T a ns o B1. T c aso K e tq u a m o phong(c aso Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhapchuotvao c h View trenthanh thc n. Khi o m o tc aso m ra. Trong trnghp Anh/Ch l ta t c a s o K e t q u a m o pho n g (c a so Forcast), c o th e m la i bang c a nha p chuotv a oRun, sau o n h a p ch u o tv a oForcast windows, ch cuoicu n gla nhapchuotva oOpen All Forcarsts.
87
Microsoft Excel
B2. N hap chuotva o Frequency Chart, khi o mo t c a so Ke t qua m o phong didang Bieu o T a ns o se m ra nh hnh 9.4. d. Xem k e tq u a d a n g B ie u o Tch lu y B1. T c aso K e tq u a m o phong(c aso Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhapchuotvao c h View trenthanh thc n. Khi o m o tc aso m ra. Trong trnghp Anh/Ch l ta t c a s o K e t q u a m o pho n g (c a so Forcast), c o th e m la i bang c a nha p chuotv a oRun, sau o n h a p ch u o tv a oForcast windows, ch cuoicu n gla nhapchuotva oOpen All Forcarsts. B2. Nhap chuotva oCumulative Chart, khi o m o tc aso K e t q u a m o p h o n g didang Bieu o Tch lu ys e m ra nh hnh 9.6
Hnh 9.6: K e tq u a m o phongdang Bie u o Tch lu y e. Xem P hantram l o B1. T c aso K e tq u a m o phong(c aso Forcast) nh hnh 9.5, nhapchuotvao c h View trenthanh thc n, khi o m o tc aso m ra. B2. N hapchuotvaoFrequency Chart, e xem Ke t qua m o p h o n gd idang B ie u o T a nso nh hnh 9.4. B3. N hapchuotva o khung c as o trang (co h ien ch +Infinity) ben tay ph a i d iBie u o . B4. X o ac h +Infinity, v a a n hv a oso zero (so 0). B5. G o phm Enter, v a quan sa t th ay B ie u o se hie n th xa c suat am , ong th i b endi,chnh gi abie u o s e c o khung Certainty cho k e tq u ax a c suatam, nh hnh 9.7.
88
Microsoft Excel
Hnh 9.7: B ie u o hie nth xa csua tam Tren hnh 9.7, chungta c o th e thay o igia tr hai khung trang hai ben pha d ibie u o , ro ig o phm Enter, e Crystal Ball tnh toa n xa c sua t v a v e b ie u o ca ck ho a n gm ach u ngta mong muon. 4. L a pb a oc a ov a p h a ntch a. L a pb a oc a on g ia n M otc a n gian e la pb a oc a o o la trong q u atrnh chungta thc hienxem ch c a cdang o th phantre , nhngbie u o n a ochu n gta c anin ra e b a oca o , n chungta co th e thc hien thao ta c copy ro isau o d a bie u o v acopy c n v a on enExcel, ni se c vietba o cao. Nh va y trong v du tren,chungta c o th e copy bie u o ta n so cho xa c sua tlo (lenh copy: Ctrl + C) trong hnh 9.7 e d a nva ov tr b a tk y tre nne n Excel (banglenhCtrl + V). b. L a pb a oc a otheo k hu onm au Trong trnghp chungta m uonin ra ta tca c ,hay nhieudang ket qua d b a o c u n glu c ,v a m u o nb a oc a ok e c a dang phan p h o icu aca cbiengiath iet.Khi o chungta se thc hie nba oc a otheo khuonm au. Thao ta c : B1. N hapchuotva och Run tre nthanh thc n, khi o m o tc as o m ra. B2. N hapchuotva oCreate Report, khi o m o tc as o nh hnh 9.8 s e m ra.
89
Microsoft Excel
B3. Trenhnh 9.8, nhapchuoto vuongForcasts, sau o chon ca cdang k et quad ba om u onin ra b a oca o . B4. Trenhnh 9.8, n h a chuoto vuongAssumptions, sau o chon c a cth o n gs o p v a o th ca cb ieng iath ietm u o nin ra ba oca o .
Hnh 9.8: Tao B a oc a o 5. C h a y la i b a ito a nv ica cb ie ng iath ie tv a b ie nk e tq u a m i Trong trnghp, Anh/Ch mu o nchay la i b a ito a nv ic a cb ie ng ia thie thay c a cb ienk etq u athay oi,chungta pha ix o ab o c a ck e tq u a mo phongchay trco , x o ab o ca cbienketqua (b iend b a o ),v aca cbiengi a th ietm achung ta a khai b a otr c o .Sau o m ithc hie nkhai b a ola i c a cb ie ng ia thie tv a bienk etq u anh giai oan 1 cu achay mo phong. Thao ta c : B1. N hapchuotva och Run tre nthanh thc n, khi o m o tc as o m ra. B2. N hap chuotvaoReset e loai b o ta t c a c a c ke t qua d ba o tr c o a chay tr c o .
90
Microsoft Excel
B3. N hapchuotva och Cell trenthanh thc n, khi o m o tc as o m ra. B4. N hapchuotva oSelect All Forcasts, e chon ta tca c a cbie nk etqua . B5. N hapchuotva oClear Assumptions/Forcasts e x o aca cbie nke tqua B6. N hapchuotva och Cell trenthanh thc n, khi o m o tc as o m ra. B7. N hapchuotva oSelect All Assumptions, e chon ta tc a c a cb ie ng ia thie t. B8. N hapchuotva oClear Assumptions/Forcasts e x o aca cbie ngia thiet. ena y ,chungta a hoa n chnh v iecx o ac a ck etq u ad b a o ,ca cb ie n gia thiet va bie n k et qua, v a c o th e b a t a u cho m o tb a itoa n m o p h o n gm i,theo c a cgiai oan 1,2,3,4. 6. a Crystal Ball h ienth trenM anhnh Excel. Trong trnghp m aycu a ca cAnh/Ch cha ca ipha n m em Crystal Ball th p ha ica iv a op h an me m Crystal Ball v a om a ytr ckhi Anh/Ch mu o na pha n m em nayva oma nhnh Excel. Trong trng hp Anh/Ch a ca i Crystal Ball, nhng tren m an hnh Excel va n khong hie n len hai ch View v a Run tren thanh thc n, khi o chungta thc hie nnh sau. Thao ta c : C ach1 C a ch d e n h a t e cho Crystal Ball hien th trong Excel la m trc tie p t Start ro iv a o Programs, sau o v a o Crystal Ball ro ichon Crystal Ball. Crystal Ball s e t o n gm Excel v a the m ca cn u tco n gcu cu an o v a o . C ach2 B1. N hapchuotva o c h Tools tren thanh thc n cu aExcel, khi o m o tc a s o m ra. B2. N hapchuotva oAdd-Ins.. khi o m o tc aso se hienra nh hnh 9.9.
91
Microsoft Excel
Hnh 9.9: C aso Add-Ins... B3. Nhap chuotchon khung Crystal Ball tren bangAdd-Ins...nh Hnh 9.9. Trng hp khong tha y khung Crystal Ball trong danh sa Add-Ins ch th nha n va o n u tBrowse, sau o tm en v tr ch a phan me m Crystal Ball trong m ay (thong thngtrong C:\>Program Files \ Crystal Ball) ro i chon file CB.xla. N hanOK.
Hnh 9.10: C aso Browse B4. N hapchuotva o n u tOK, khi o tre n thanh thc n cu ama n hnh Excel s e xua t hien hai ch c nang cu a Crystal Ball l a View v a Run, v a xin m i Anh/Ch nhapcuoc.
C anhThac/Thanh Thai/Tha Phong nh 92 Microsoft Excel