Chemistry 0500 Problem Set 5: More Solutions Example Problems 1) Given 125 g of a 15.

0 % sucrose solution, what is the mass of solute sugar? 125 g solution x 15.0 g sucrose/100 g solution = 18.8 g sucrose 2) What is the volume of 6.00 M hydrochloric acid that contains 10.0 g of HCl solute (36.46 g/mol)? n HCl = 10.0 g/36.46 g/mol = 0.274 mol HCl C = n/V V = n/C = 0.274 mol HCl/6.00 mol/L = 0.0457 L HCl = 45.7 mL HCl 3) What is the mass of H2SO4 (98.09 g/mol) in 25.0 mL of 18.0 M sulfuric acid? C = n/V n = C x V = 18.0 mol/L x (25.0 mL/1000 mL/L) = 0.450 mol H2SO4 n = m/MM m = n x MM = 0.450 mol H2SO4 x 98.09 g/mol = 44.1 g H2SO4 4) A solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) was prepared by dissolving 15.35 g of KMnO4 in 750.0 mL of water. Calculate the molarity of the prepared solution. MM KMnO4 = [(1 x 39.10) + (1 x 54.94) + (4 x 16.00)] g/mol = 158.04 g/mol n KMnO4= 15.35 g/158.04 g/mol = 0.09713 mol KMnO4 Molarity = 0.09713 mol KMnO4/0.7500 L = 0.1295 M KMnO4 5) How many grams of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) are required to prepare 600.0 mL of a 0.00250 M solution of KMnO4? MM KMnO4 = [(1 x 39.10) + (1 x 54.94) + (4 x 16.00)] g/mol = 158.04 g/mol C = n/V n = CV = 0.00250 M x 0.6000 L = 0.00150 mol KMnO4 n = m/MM m = n x MM = 0.00150 mol KMnO4 x 158.04 g/mol = 0.237 g KMnO4 6) In one of your laboratory experiments you are given a solution of CuSO4 that has a concentration of 0.15 M. If you mix 6.0 mL of this solution with enough water to have a total volume of 10.0 mL, what is the concentration of CuSO4 in this new solution? M1V1 = M2V2 M2 = M1V1/V2 = (0.15 M x 6.0 mL)/10.0 mL = 0.090 M 7) Solutions of ammonia and phosphoric acid are used to produce ammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer. What volume of 14.8 M ammonia solution (NH3) is needed to completely react with 1.00 kL of 12.9 M H3PO4? Unbalanced reaction equation: H3PO4 (aq) + NH3 (aq) -----> (NH4)2HPO4 (aq) Balanced reaction equation: H3PO4 (aq) + 2 NH3 (aq) -----> (NH4)2HPO4 (aq) n H3PO4 = 1.00 x 103 L x 12.9 mol/L = 1.29 x 104 mol H3PO4 n NH3 = 1.29 x 104 mol H3PO4 x 2 mol NH3/1 mol H3PO4 = 2.58 x 104 mol NH3 V NH3 = 2.58 x 104 mol/14.8 mol/L = 1.74 x 103 L = 1.74 kL NH3

8) What volume of 0.125 M hydrobromic acid is required to titrate 250.0 mL of a 0.100 M calcium hydroxide solution? Balanced reaction equation: Ca(OH)2 (aq) + 2 HBr (aq) ----> CaBr2 (aq) + 2 H2O (l) Moles Ca(OH)2 = C x V = 0.100 mol/L x 0.250 L = 0.0250 moles Ca(OH)2 Moles HBr = 0.0250 moles Ca(OH)2 x 2 mol HBr/1 mole Ca(OH)2 = 0.0500 moles HBr V HBr = 0.0500 moles HBr/0.125 mol/L = 0.400 L = 4.00 x 102mL HBr 9) If 38.30 mL of a 0.250 M sodium hydroxide solution are used to titrate 25.0 mL of phosphoric acid, what is the molarity of the acid? balanced reaction equation: 3 NaOH (aq) + H3PO4 (aq) ----->Na3PO4 (aq) + 3 H2O (l) moles NaOH = 0.250 L x 0.03830 L = 9.58 x 10-3 mol NaOH moles H3PO4 = 9.58 x 10-3 mol NaOH x 1 mol H3PO4/3 mols NaOH = 3.19 x 10-3 moles H3PO4 M H3PO4 = 3.19 x 10-3 moles H3PO4/0.0250 L = 0.128 M 10) What is the molarity of a sodium hydroxide solution if 48.00 mL is needed to neutralize 35.00 mL of 0.144 M sulfuric acid? balanced reaction equation: 2 NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) ----->Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l) moles H2SO4 = 0.03500 L x 0.144 mol/L = 5.04 x 10-3 mol H2SO4 moles NaOH = 5.04 x 10-3 mol H2SO4 x 2 mols NaOH/1 mol H2SO4 = 1.01 x 10-2 moles NaOH M NaOH = 1.01 x 10-2 moles NaOH /0.04800 L = 0.210 M 11) If a 0.500 M solution of sulfuric acid was used to titrate 35.00 mL of a 0.8500 M sodium hydroxide solution, what volume (mL) of sulfuric acid would be required? balanced reaction equation: 2 NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) ----->Na2SO4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l) moles NaOH = 0.03500 L x 0.8500 mol/L = 0.02975 mol NaOH moles H2SO4 = 0.02975 mol NaOH x 1 mol H2SO4/2 mols NaOH = 0.01488 moles H2SO4 V H2SO4 = 0.01488 moles H2SO4/0.500 L = 0.02975 L = 29.75 mL H2SO4 12) If an unknown sample of oxalic acid, H2C2O4 (90.04 g/mol), is neutralized by 33.50 mL of 0.293 M NaOH, what is the mass of the sample? balanced reaction equation: 2 NaOH (aq) + H2C2O4 (aq) --> Na2C2O4 (aq) + 2 H2O (l) moles NaOH = 0.03350 L x 0.293 mol/L = 9.82 x 10-3 mol NaOH moles H2C2O4 = 9.82 x 10-3 mol NaOH x 1 mol H2C2O4/2 mols NaOH = 4.91 x 10-3 mol H2C2O4 m H2C2O4 = 4.91 x 10-3 mol H2C2O4 x 90.04 g/mol = 0.422 g H2C2O4