IS :2328 - 1983

(Superseding IS : 4177 -1967 and IS 5071 - 1969 )

,-

Indian Standard
, , METHOD FOR FLATTENING TEST ' ON METALLIC TUBES'

( First'Revision)
Second Reprint AUGUST 1995

UDe
,I

669-462:620.163.22

@Copyright '1983 BUREAU

"

OF

INDIAN

STANDARDS,

MANAK 'BHAVAN,9 Bi\.HADUR SHAH ZAFAR 1.1ARG NEW DELHI 110002 Gr2

November

1983

" ._- ..

- .. _--------_.-

IS :,2328 - 1983

Indian Standard
'METHOD' FOR FLATIE~JNG TE~T ON METALLIC TUBES

( First Revision )
O. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Indian 'Standards Institution on 23 June 1983, after the drattfinalized by the Methods of Physical Tests Sectional Committee had been approved by the Structural ~nd Metals Division Council.

it was 0.% This standard was first published in 1963. Subsequently, decided by the concerned sectional committee to revise this standard so as to have a single reference Indian Standard on method for flattening test on metallic tubes. This standard supersedes IS: 4177-1967* and . IS : 5071-1969t as the requi,rements of these standards have been covered nowjn this st;mdard. '
0.3 In the preparation of this standard, the assistance has been derived from the following standards published by the International Organizalion for Standardization. ISQ jR 202-1961 Flattening ISOjR 955-:-1969 Flattening tubes ISOjR test on steel tubes test on aluminium and aluminium alloy

1556-] 97! Flattening test for copper , of circuJarsectioD.

and copper alloy tubes

0.4 Certain specific requirements have to be laid down in materia] specifications where reference has been made to this standatd. For convenience of reference, these "requirements have been summarized and included in Appendix A. .
.Method tMethod for flattening test of aluminium and aluminium alloy tubes. for fl,attening test for copper and copper alloy tubes of circular section.

-----:--,.--------~----__:_-____c;~.-~--:-,-;.-..,-~------------,.'.
~.-. -~-~ ,~.--~-_~_._ --.. -./..
'./ . I
"

"'.'."

,',

~.

...:.

'F '

----:--'---......--;

o
IS : 2328 - "(983

'\

\
.\

JEST PIECE.

DISTANCE BETWEEN PLATENS, MEASURED UNDER LOAD

CLOSE FLATTENEl])
.... FIG.
)

f,:LAlTENINO

TEST,'

4. TEST PIECE
, 4.1th~;:lestpiece consist~ of a.:Jength or'tube with the ends perpendicuThe length $ballbe 1~5 times the nominal internal lar to the aids. diaIl1et~l\of the::tube, hut hot less than 10 mm nor more than 100 mm. 4'!i~lThe test may be maOe'oD the encLof the tube without the test piece ~eing removed. In this case, unless required otherwise' in the material specification the length (L) su.:bmitted to the test sball be as specified in 4~1. 5

,
,

IS : 2~28 - 1983 0.5 In reporting the result of atest' ma'de in' accordance with this f-tand. ard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded eff, it shall be dorie in accordance with IS : 2-1960*. ' ' .,

1. SCOPE prescribes the method of conducting flattening tC::iton metalJic tubes" Circular in cross section, having an external' diameter not greater than 400 mm and, a thickness not greater than 15 perc~nt of external diameter for ferrous lubes, and having external diameter, not greater than 100 mm and, thickness not greater than 10 percent of the external diameter for non ferrous tubes. Hmvevcr, individual specifications -for material may specify the maximurtl diameter and thickness of tube to' which this test is to be applied in particular circumstancc5.

1.1 This standard

2. PRINCIPLE OF TEST 2.1 The test consists of flattening

from a tube in a direction tube. the end of ,', tube or test piece cu t a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the

2.2 When the testis carried out so that, after the test, the internal sur.,. faces are in contact, over at least ha If of the internal length of the f1at~ened test piece, the t~st is called 'close flattened'.' , '. , . 2.3 In other cases the testis carried out until the distance between platens, measured un'der load in the direction of flattening, reaches a value' fixed by the relevant material specification. 3. REFERENCE NUMBERS reference AND SYMBOLS

3.1 The following standard: Ref No. (see Fig. 1)

I

number aild symbols have been used in this Description External diameter of test piece Thickness of wall of test piece Internal diameter of test piece Distance bet\.veen platens measurcdunder load Length of test piece

Symbof

2 3 4

D a d

z
L

*Rules for rounding off Ilumerical values (' revised ).

IS : 1328. 1983

'\

4.2 The cut ends of the test piece may be suitably, rounded. However, a test on a test piece, the' cut ends of which have not been so rounded is permissible provided that the requirements of the material specifications are satisfied. S. TEST PROCEDURE 5.1 The test piece shall be placed between two plane, parallel, rigid platens, extending over the length L and wide enough '(at least 1'6 D) to cover the flattened tu be. A gradually increasing load shall then be applied until the specified limit of the test is reached or failure occurs. S.2In the case of welded tube, care shall be taken to ensure that weld is in the position required by the material specification. S.3 In cases of dispute or for purpose of arbitration, ment of the platem 3halJ not exceed 25 mmfmjn. 6. TEST REQUIREMENTS the

the rate of move-

6.1 The temperature of the test piece shall be equal to the arnbien temperature (but ,., no case less than IOOe) ,unless specified otherwise. in 6.2 The interpretation of the visual appearance of the test piece after testing shall be specified in relevant material specification.

APPENDIX

(Clause 0.4) REQUIREMENTS TO BE INCLUDED IN MATERIAL SPECIFICATION FOR METALLIC TUBES A-I. In material specifications for metallic tubes, where reference has been made to this Indian Standard, the following requirements shall be laid down for flattening test: a) Maximum diameter and thickness of tube (see 1.1); b) Distance between platens measured under load in the d,irection of flattening (see 2.3); c) Position of weld, in relation to the plane of bending, in case of welded tubes (see 5.2); d) Temperature of test piece, if it is to be different from ambient temperature (see 6.1); and e) Interpretation of visual appearance of te3t piece after testing
(see 6.2).