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LI CM N

Trc ht, em xin chn thnh cm n Ths Trn Ngc Hng, s ch bo tn tnh cng nhng ti liu qu bu ca Thy gip em hon thnh lun vn ny. Em cng xin c gi li cm n n cc Thy, C gio trong trng i hc Cng Ngh H QG H Ni to mi iu kin hc tp v nghin c cho em trong sut bn nm hc va qua. Xin cm n cc bn hc v nhng ngi thn lun gip , ng vin v chia s nhng lc ti kh khn trong thi gian thc hin lun vn ny. Do thi gian hn hp v cng chu nhiu yu t tc ng nn kho lun s khng trnh khi sai st. Em rt mong s nhn c nhng kin ng gp xy dng ca Thy, C v cc bn c th tip tc pht trin hng nghin cu ca mnh.

ng d ng HSDPA trong mng in thoi th h 3

LI M U Ngy nay, thng tin di ng tr thnh mt ngnh cng nghip vin thng pht trin nhanh nht v phc v con ngi hu hiu nht. p ng nhu cu v cht lng v dch v ngy cng nng cao, thng tin di ng cng khng ngng c ci tin. Tin thn ca 3G l h thng in thoi 2G, nh GSM, CDMA, PDC, PHS... GSM sau c nng cp ln thnh GPRS, hay cn gi l th h 2,5G. GPRS h tr tc 140,8 Kb/giy d t l thng gp ch l 56 Kb/giy. E-GPRS, hay EDGE, l mt bc tin ng k t GPRS vi kh nng truyn d liu 180 Kb/giy v c xp vo h thng 2,75G. Nm 2006, mng UMTS ti Nht nng cp ln HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access - Truy cp gi d ng xung tc cao) - l mt tnh nng mi c cp trong cc phin bn R5 ca 3GPP cho h thng truy nhp v tuyn WCDMA/UTRA-FDD v c xem nh l mt trong nhng cng ngh tin tin cho h thng thng tin di ng 3.5G. HSDPA bao gm mt tp cc tnh nng mi kt hp cht ch vi nhau ci thin dung lng mng v tng tc d liu nh i vi dung lng gi ng xung. Nhng ci tin v mt k thut cho php cc nh khai thc c th a ra nhiu dch v tc bit cao, ci thin QoS ca cc dch v hin c, v t chi ph thp nht. Kh nng h tr tc d liu v tnh di ng ca WCDMA/HSDPA l cha tng c trong cc phin bn trc y ca 3GPP. Trong khun kh kho lun ny, tc gi i vo nghin cu cu trc HSDPA v ng dng vo mng di ng th h th 3G. ng thi a ra phng php lun cho cc nh khai thc mng v tnh hiu qu ca cng ngh ny.

Nguyn Th Thu Hng - K49B

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MC LC

Danh mc cc k t vit tt ........................................................................5 Danh mc cc hnh v..................................................................................7 Danh mc cc bng .....................................................................................8 Chng 1: Tng quan v h thng thng tin di ng th h 3..................9 1.1 M u.............................................................................................10 1.2 Cc tiu chun xy dng mng 3G...................................................14 1.3 Cc tham s ca mng chnh ca mng WCDMA...........................15 1.4 Cc knh c bn ca WCDMA........................................................17 1.4.1 Knh logic.............................................................................17 1.4.1.1 Knh iu khin.........................................................19 1.4.1.2 Knh lu lng..........................................................19 1.4.2 Knh truyn ti.....................................................................19 1.4.2.1 Knh truyn ti ring.................................................20 1.4.2.2 Knh truyn ti chung.............................................20 1.4.3 Knh vt l............................................................................21 1.4.3.1 Knh ng ln.........................................................21 1.4.3.2 Knh ng xung....................................................22 1.5 Cc bc ci tin ca cng ngh WCDMA.....................................25 Chng 2: Gii thiu v cng ngh HSDPA...............................................28 2.1 Tng quan v HSDPA......................................................................28 2.2 Nhng ci tin quan trng ca HSDPA so vi WCDMA................30

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2.3 Nguyn l hot ng ca HSDPA....................................................33 2.4 Cu trc HSDPA..............................................................................34 2.4.1 M hnh giao thc HSDPA...................................................35 2.4.2 Cu trc knh........................................................................36 2.4.2.1 Knh HS-PDSCH......................................................37 2.4.2.2 Knh HS-DPCCH......................................................42 2.5 K thut s dng trong HSDPA......................................................44 2.5.1 iu ch v m ho thch ng..............................................44 2.5.2 K thut H-ARQ...................................................................47

Chng 3: ng dng trn HSDPA.............................................................50 3.1 VoIP song cng ton phn v thc y tr chuyn...........................50 3.2 Tr chuyn vi thi gian thc..........................................................51 3.3 Lung TV di ng............................................................................51 3.4 Email...............................................................................................52 Kt lun.........................................................................................................55 Ph lc...........................................................................................................56 Ti liu tham kho........................................................................................60

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DANH M C CC K T VIT TT
-

1G : First Generation 2G : Second Generation 3G : Third Generation 3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project 16QAM : 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 64QAM: 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation AMC: Adaptive Modulation and Coding ARQ: Automatic Repeat request BCCH: BroadCast Control CHannel (logic channel) BCH: BroadCast CHannel (transport channel) BER: Bit Error Rate CCTRCH: Coded Composite Transport Channel DCCH: Dedicated Control CHannel (logical channel) DPCCH: Dedicated Physical Control CHannel DPCH: Dedicated Physical Channel DPDCH: Dedicated Physical Data Channel DTCH: Dedicated Traffic CHannel EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution FDD: Frequency Division Multiple Access GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications H-ARQ: Hybrid Automatic Repeat request HS-DPCCH: Uplink High-Speed Dedicated Physical Control CHannel

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HS-DSCH: High-Speed Downlink Shared Channel HS-PDSCH: High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel HS-SCCH: High-speed Shared Control Channel HSDPA: High-speed Downlink Packet Access ITU: Internation Telecommunication Union MAC: Medium Access Control MAC-hs: Hight-speed MAC Node B: Base Station SAW: Stop And Wait TTI: Transmission Time Interval UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System WCDMA: Wideband CDMA

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DANH MC CC HNH V
Hnh 1 :Cc bc pht trin mng thng tin di ng Hnh 2: Cu trc knh ca WCDMA Hnh 3: Cu trc knh logic Hnh 4: nh x gia knh logic v knh giao vn Hnh 5: Tc truyn WCDMA ng ln Hnh 6: Cu trc ca knh dnh ring Hnh 7: Cu trc knh CCPCH Hnh 8: Cu trc ca knh ng b SCH Hnh 9: Cht lng khe thi gian truy cp ca knh RACH Hnh 10: Biu ct so snh thi gian download ca cc cng ngh Hnh 11: Cc tnh nng c bn ca HSDPA khi so snh vi WCDMA Hnh 12 - Nguyn l hot ng c bn ca HSDPA Hnh 13: Kin trc giao din v tuyn ca knh truyn ti HS-DSCH Hnh 14: Cu trc lp MAC hs Hnh 15: Giao din v tuyn ca HSDPA Hnh 16: Thi gian v b m c chia s trong HS-DSCH Hnh 17: Trng thi knh ca cc user Hnh 18.1 : H thng trong trng hp 1 knh HS-SCCH v phn chia a thi gian Hnh 18.2: H thng trong trng hp nhiu knh HS-SCCH v phn chia a thi gian Hnh 19: Cu trc knh HS-DPCCH

Nguyn Th Thu Hng - K49B

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Hnh 20: Biu din m ho iu ch ca HSDPA v tc bit ti a kh dng vi mi m theo dB Hnh 21: Hot ng ca giao thc SAW 4 knh Hnh 22: Qu trnh truyn li khi d liu IR Hnh 23: c lng tiu th cng sut ca in thoi di ng Hnh 24: Truy cp email t mobile s dng pin 1000-mAh

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DANH MC CC BNG
Bng 1: Bng so snh cc cng ngh di ng v tc truyn d liu Bng 2: Cc thng s chnh ca WCDMA Bng 3: Tc d liu nh ca HSDPA trong mt s trng hp Bng 4: Lc m ho iu ch ca HSDPA v tc bit ti a kh dng mi m vi

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Chng 1: TNG QUAN V H THNG THNG TIN DI NG TH H 3G


1.1 M u

Th h in thoi di ng u tin (1G) ra i trn th trng vo nhng nm 70/80. y l nhng in thoi anolog s dng k thut iu ch radio gn ging nh k thut dng trong radio FM. Trong th h in thoi ny, cc cuc thoi khng c bo mt. Th h 1G ny cn thng c nhc n vi "Analog Mobile Phone System (AMPS)". Mc thi gian nh du s ra i ca 2G, in thoi k thut s (digital) l u nhng nm 90. Chun k thut s u tin l D-AMPS s dng TDMA (Time division Mutiple Access). Tip theo sau l in thoi 2G da trn cng ngh CDMA ra i. Sau Chu u chun ha GSM da trn TDMA. Ci tn GSM ban u xut pht t "Groupe Speciale Mobile" (ting Php), mt nhm c thnh lp bi CEPT, mt t chc chun ha ca Chu u, vo nm 1982. Nhm ny c nhim v l chun ha k thut truyn thng di ng bng tng 900MHz. Sau ,GSM c chuyn thnh Global System for Mobile Communication vo nm 1991 nh l mt tn tt ca cng ngh ni trn. Nm 2001, tng thng lng truyn phc v nhu cu truyn thng tin (khng phi thoi) trn mng di ng, GPRS ra i. GPRS i khi c xem nh l 2.5G. Tc truyn data rate ca GSM ch =9.6Kbps. GPRS ci tin tc truyn tng ln gp 3 ln so vii GSM, tc l 20-30Kbps. GPRS cho php pht trin dch v WAP v internet (email) tc thp. Tip theo sau, 2003, EDGE ra i vi kh nng cung ng tc k ln c 250 Kbps (trn l thuyt). EDGE cn c bit n nh l 2.75G (trn ng tin ti 3G) Cm t in thoi di ng 3G ngy nay tr nn quen thuc vi ngi dng di ng. 3G l vit tt ca third-generation technology l chun v cng ngh truyn

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thng th h th ba, cho php truyn ngoi d liu chun l m thoi cn c th truyn d liu phi thoi (ti d liu, gi email, tin nhn nhanh, hnh nh, nhc, internet...). Cng ngh 3G va cho php trin khai nhng dch v cao cp va lm tng dung lng ca mng in thoi nh vo vic s dng hiu qu hiu sut ph.

Hnh 1 :Cc bc pht trin mng thng tin di ng Trong s cc dch v ca 3G, in thoi video hoc kh nng truy nhp internet thng c xem l mt v d tiu biu v dch v cao cp m cc nh cung cp dch v mun cung cp cho khch hng. Tuy nhin tn s v tuyn ni chung l mt ti nguyn t , gi tn s cho cng ngh 3G rt t ti nhiu nc, ni m cc cuc bn u gi tn s mang li hng t euro cho chnh ph. Bi v chi ph cho bn quyn v cc tn s phi trang tri trong nhiu nm trc khi cc thu nhp t mng 3G em li, nn mt khi lng u t khng l l cn thit xy dng mng 3G. Nhiu nh cung cp dch v vin thng ri vo kh khn v ti chnh v iu ny lm chm tr vic trin khai mng 3G ti nhiu nc ngoi tr Nht Bn v Hn Quc, ni yu cu v bn quyn tn s c b qua do pht trin h tng c s IT quc gia c t u tin cao. Nc u tin a 3G vo khai thc thng mi mt cch rng ri l Nht Bn. Nm 2005, khong 40% cc thu bao ti Nht Bn l thu bao 3G, mng 2G ang dn bin mt ti Nht Bn. Vi 3G, chng ta s c mt s tn gi lin quan nh: cng ngh (nn tng) 3G, mng 3G, chun 3G. Cng ngh 3G v chun 3G c th coi l mt, trong khi mng 3G l mng di ng ng dng nhng cng ngh 3G. Trc y, chun 3G l mt chun

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n l, duy nht v c p dng rng ri trn ton th gii. Tuy nhin, cng v sau ny, 3G cng c phn chia thnh nhiu chun khc khc, tu thuc vo kh nng nghin cu ca cc nh cung cp dch v. Trong tng lai khng xa, c th l mt hoc hai ba nm na, mng di ng s tr thnh mt mng truyn d liu tc cao, p ng nhu cu ngy cng tng ca ngi dng. c th thc hin c cc kh nng ny, mng di ng phi da vo nhng nn tng cng ngh mi 3G, 3,5G v 4G hay cn gi l cc nn tng cng ngh di ng tng lai.

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Bng 1: Bng so snh cc cng ngh di ng v tc truyn d liu Cng ngh 1G 2G - GSM - CDMA - iDen Nh 20Kbps AMPS Tc Khng c Tnh nng Analog (ch c chc nng thoi) - Thoi hn - SMS - Gi hi ngh - Caller ID - Push to - talk 2.5G - GPRS - 1xRTT - EDGE T 30Kbps90Kbps - MSM - nh - Trnh duyt Web - Audio/Video clip - Game - Ti cc ng dng v nhc chung 3G - UMTS - 1xEV-DO T 144Kbps2Mbps - Video cht lng cao - Nhc streaming - Game 3D - Lt web nhanh 3.5G - HSDPA - 1xEV-DV s T 384Kbps14.4Mbp - Video theo yu cu (VOD) - Video hi hp

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1.2

Cc tiu chun xy dng mng 3G

3G bao gm 3 chun chnh l :


W-CDMA CDMA2000 TDSCDMA.

Trong , chun W-CDMA c hai chun con thnh phn l : UMTS FOMA.

W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access): l chun lin lc di ng 3G song hnh vi cng vi chun GSM. W-CDMA l cng ngh nn tng cho cc cng ngh 3G khc nh UMTS v FOMA. W-CDMA c tp on ETSI NTT DoCoMo (Nht Bn) pht trin ring cho mng 3G FOMA. Sau , NTT Docomo trnh c t ny ln Hip hi truyn thng quc t (ITU) v xin cng nhn di danh ngha mt thnh vin ca chun 3G quc t c tn IMT-2000. ITU chp nhn W-CDMA l thnh vin ca IMT-2000 v sau chn W-CDMA l giao din nn tng cho UMTS. UMTS: UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone System) da trn cng ngh WCDMA, l gii php tng qut cho cc nc s dng cng ngh di ng GSM. UMTS do t chc 3GPP qun l. 3GPP cng ng thi chu trch nhim v cc chun mng di ng nh GSM, GPRS v EDGE. S pht trin lin tc cc tiu chun k thut trn c th hin bng 4 m thc v tiu chun UMTS ca t chc 3GPP l: R99, R4, R5 v R6, to thnh mt b tiu chun s nhng trong n li gm nhng h tiu chun tng i c lp. WCDMA l mt tiu chun v giao din khng gian u tin, sm nht v hon thin nht trong cc h tiu chun v c cc nh khai thc v sn xut thit b vin thng c 3 chu lc: u, , M s dng rng ri. UMTS cng l

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dng cng ngh chim th phn ln nht trn th trng thng tin di ng ngy nay (chim ti 85,4% theo GSA 8-2007). Hin nay, mng UMTS c th nng cp ln High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) - cn c gi vi tn 3,5G. HSDPA cho php y nhanh tc ti ng xung vi tc ln ti 10 Mbps.
1.3

Cc tham s chnh ca WCDMA

- WCDMA l h thng s dng chui tri ph trc tip. Ngha l lung thng tin c tri trn mt bng thng rng bng vic nhn lung d liu ny vi mt chui tri ph gi ngu nhin PN. c th h tr vic truyn d liu tc cao, h s tri ph (SF) thay i v kt ni da trn nhiu m tri ph c h tr trong WCDMA - Tc chip s dng trong WCDMA c tc 3.84 Mps tng ng vi bng tn truyn dn WCDMA l 5 MHz (i vi CDMA2000 bng tn truyn dn c th l 3x1.25 Mhz hoc 3.75 MHz). Bng thng truyn dn ln ca WCDMA ngoi vic nhm h tr truyn dn tc cao cn mang li mt vi u im khc nh: tng h s phn tp a ng. - WCDMA h tr truyn dn tc thay i, hay ni cch khc l khi nim s dng bng thng theo nhu cu c th c thc hin. Trong mt khung truyn dn th tc d liu l c nh. Tuy nhin tc d liu gia cc khung truyn dn khc nhau c th ging nhau hoc khc nhau. - WCDMA c hai ch hot ng l FDD v TDD. i vi FDD th cc cp tn s sng mang vi rng 5 MHz c s dng cho knh truyn dn hng ln v hng xung mt cch tng ng. Trong khi ch TDD th ch c mt sng mang rng 5 MHz c s dng cho c ng ln v ng xung theo kiu phn chia theo thi gian. TDD c s dng gii bng tn khng chia cp c. - Cc BTS trong WCDMA (Node B) hot ng ch khng ng b. Do khng cn cung cp mt ngun ng h ng b cho tt c cc BTS trong mng v d nh s dng GPS. Ch lm vic khng ng b ny gip cho WCDMA tr nn d trin khai cu hnh indoor v micro cell

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- WCDMA s dng tch sng nht qun trn c hai hng ln v xung s dng cc k hiu dn ng. Ch tch sng ny c s dng trn ng xung i vi mng 2G IS-95. - Giao din v tuyn ca WCDMA c thit k nh vn hnh c th la chn s dng cc cng ngh my thu hin i nh: MUD, h thng nten thch ng nhm tng dung lng ca mng cng nh vng ph sng ca cc trm thu pht. - WCDMA c thit k c th trin khai bn cnh h thng GSM th h 2. Ngha l WCDMA c th h tr chuyn giao gia hai h thng WCDMA v GSM nhm m bo c mt s dch chuyn mm do khi trin khai mng 3G-WCDMA. Bng 2: Cc thng s chnh ca WCDMA Bng tn knh Cu trc knh hng xung Tc chip Lp di khung iu ch tri ph 1,25Mhz; 5Mhz; 10Mhz; 20Mhz Tri ph trc tip (1,024)a/4,096/8,192/16,384 0,22 10 ms/ 20 ms QPSK cn bng (hng xung) QPSK kp (hng ln) Mch truyn phc hp iu ch d liu QPSK (hng xung) BPSK (hng ln) Pht hin kt ni Knh pilot ghp thi gian (hng ln v hng xung) Khng c knh pilot chung hng xung. Ghp knh hng ln gian. Ghp knh I&Q cho knh d liu v knh iu khin. Knh iu khin, knh pilot ghp thi

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a tc H s tri ph iu khin cng sut Tri ph (hng ln) Tri ph (hng xung) Chuyn giao

Tri ph bin i v a m 4 256 Vng h v vng khp kn (tc 1,6KHz) M trc giao di phn bit knh, m Gold 218 M trc giao di phn bit knh, m Gold 241 Chuyn giao mm (Soft handoff) Chuyn giao khc tn s

1.4

Cc knh c bn ca W-CDMA

Hnh 2: Cu trc knh ca WCDMA T hnh 2 cho ta ci nhn tng quan v cc knh c s dng trong WCDMA gm 3 knh c bn: Knh logic Knh truyn ti Knh vt l

Knh logic: miu t loi thng tin s c truyn i. Mc d gi l "knh" nhng n khng phi l knh theo ging ngha nh knh vt l, knh vn ti. Knh logic c th hiu l nhng cng vic m mng v thit b cn phi thc hin ti nhng thi

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im khc nhau. Cc knh logic ny cng c th xem nh l dch v m lp MAC cung cp cho lp RLC trn n. Knh vn ti: qui nh bng cch no v vi c trng g thng tin s c truyn i. y l dch v m lp vt l cung cp cho lpMAC trn n. Knh vt l: chnh l knh hin hu truyn ti thng tin i. Vic phn ra cc loi knh khc nhau mnh ngh l ging vic phn lp trong mng, gip cho d qun l v iu khin. C ng vi mi loi thng tin km theo nhng c trng ca n, mng s t ng truy cp vo cc knh tng ng gi thng tin i mt cch hiu qu nht.
1.4.1

Knh logic

Hnh 3: Cu trc knh logic Knh logic nh ngha loi s liu c truyn i, bao gm 2 loi knh: Knh iu khin v knh lu lng.

1.4.1.1

Knh iu khin

Knh iu khin chung

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- Knh iu khin qung b (BCCH): hot ng tuyn xung, a thng tin nhn bit t bo, mng v tnh trng hin ti ca t bo (cu trc iu khin, cc lu lng cn ri, ang s dng hoc nghn) - Knh nhn tin PCH: cung cp tin nhn t BS n MS, PCH pht IMSI ca thu bao v yu cu pht li trn RACH- knh iu khin ngu nhin. Ngoi ra PCH cng c th c dng cung cp cc bn tin qung b dng ASCII - Knh truy cp hng xung DACH chuyn bn tin t BS n MS trong 1 cell. Hai knh dnh ring: - Knh iu khin dnh ring DCCH gm knh iu khin dnh ring ng mt mnh SDCCH v knh iu khin lin kt ACCH.
1.4.1.2 Knh lu lng

Dng truyn cc thng tin ca in thoi hoc s liu bao gm 2 knh: - Knh lu lng dng ring (DTCH) : chuyn d liu theo m hnh kt ni im - im v 2 hng n 1 thu bao v c s dng truyn thng tin ngi dng. - Knh lu lng dng chung (CTCH): chuyn d liu theo m hnh kt ni im - im trn knh ng xung, s dng truyn thng tin c nhn n tt c cc thu bao trong cng nhm.
1.4.2

Knh truyn ti

Knh truyn ti mang cc thng s, c tnh cn thit truyn ti cc thng tin d liu qua mng. Cc knh truyn ti c hnh thnh nh vic sp xp cc knh logic. C 2 loi knh truyn ti : - Knh truyn ti ring DCH: mang thng tin iu khin cho ring mt MS vi mang DCH-UL, DCH-DL. - Knh truyn ti chung CCH : dng chung cho tt c cc MS Mi knh truyn ti cha mt m ch th nh dng truyn ti TFI (Transport Format Indicator). TFI c s dng phi hp lm vic gia lp MAC v lp vt

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l. Lp vt l s ghp a hp nhiu knh truyn ti vi nhau to thnh mt knh truyn ti m ho hn hp CCTRCH (Transport Format Combination Indicator) v gi km trong knh CCTRCH. T hp m TFCI c truyn i trong knh iu khin vt l thng bo vi u thu knh truyn ti no ang c nhn. Tip , TFCI s c gii m v to ra cc TFI tng ng gi ln lp trn.
1.4.2.1

Knh truyn ti ring

Vi knh truyn ti ring ch c mt knh duy nht l knh DCH. Knh ny c th hot ng tuyn ln hoc tuyn xung. 1.4.2.2 Knh truyn ti chung

Knh truyn ti chung bao gm 6 knh: BCH, FACH, PCH, RACH, CPCH v DSCH. - Knh BCH - knh qung b, l knh truyn ti ng xung, s dng qung b nhng thng tin trong h thng hay trong 1 t bo. - Knh FACH- Knh truy cp gi i, cng l knh truyn ti ng xung. C th hot ng trong ton b hay mt phn t bo. Vic gi knh ny c thc hin sau khi BS nhn c bn tin truy nhp ngu nhin. - Knh PCH Knh tm gi, l knh mang d liu cn thit cho cc th tc tin nhn, l khi h thng mun kt ni lien lc vi thu bao. - Knh RACH Knh truy cp ngu nhin, l knh mang thng tin iu khin t thu bao, nh yu cu thit lp mt kt ni. - Knh CPCH Knh d liu gi chung, l knh m rng ca knh RACH, c s dng truyn d liu user dng gi trn hng ln. i cp vi knh ny, hng xung d liu gi c truyn trn knh FACH. - Knh DSCH Knh chia s ng xung, l knh mang cc thng tin d liu hoc thng tin iu khin ca ngi dng.

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Hnh 4: nh x gia knh logic v knh giao vn 1.4.3 Knh vt l

Cc knh truyn ti c x l tip theo bng cch ghp vo cc knh vt l. Knh vt l c qun l v x l ti lp vt l. Vic x l y thc hin nhng k thut bin i cn thit nhm tng thch c tnh truyn dn v tuyn v m bo cht lng tn hiu cao nht.
1.4.3.1

Knh ng ln

Hai knh dnh ring: - DPDCH (truyn d liu) : - DPCCH (truyn bo hiu) - Mt knh truy cp chung RACH. Hu ht cc trng hp mi cuc gi ch c cp mt knh DPDCH cho cc dch v chia s thi gian. Cng c th cp nhiu knh, chng hn c h s tri ph ln khi truyn d liu tc cao.

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Hnh 5: Tc truyn WCDMA ng ln

- Knh DPDCH dng : + Truyn pilot cho thu tng can. + Truyn bit iu khin cng sut. + Truyn tin tc v tc .
1.4.3.2

Knh ng xung

- Knh vt l iu khin chung (s cp v th cp) CCPCH mang: BCCH, PCH, PACH. - Knh SCH cung cp nh thi v MS o lng SCH phc v chuyn giao. - Knh dnh ring (DPDCH v DPCCH) ghp knh theo thi gian. K hiu pilot c ghp knh trn BCCH(theo thi gian) phc v thu tng quan. V cc k hiu pilot l dnh ring cho mi kt ni nn n c dng nh gi s hot ng thch ng ca anten, h tr iu khin cng sut nhanh hng xung. CCPCH s cp mang BCCH v knh pilot chung c ghp knh theo thi gian. CCPCH c m nh nhau trong tt c cc cell.

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Hnh 6: Cu trc ca knh dnh ring - CCPCH th cp ghp knh theo thi gian PCH vi PACH trong cu trc siu khung. Tc bn tin CCPCH l kh bin t cell ny sang cell khc.

Hnh 7: Cu trc knh CCPCH - Knh SCH- knh ng b, s dng cho th tc ng b mng. Dng khi thc hin th tc nh v v ng b mng.

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Hnh 8: Cu trc ca knh ng b SCH - SCH s cp khng iu ch cung cp nh thi xc nh SCH th cp m SCH th cp c iu ch cung cp tin tc xc m PN ca BS. SCH s cp s dng m 256 bits khng iu ch, pht mi ln 1 khe. SCH th cp m 256 bits c iu ch, pht song song vi SCH s cp. SCH th cp c iu ch vi chui nh phn 16 bits (c lp cho mi khung). Chui iu ch ging nhau vi tt c BS c t tng quan tt. - Knh PRACH Knh vt l truy xut ngu nhin, c s dng hng ln mang thng tin truy xut mng. Trong mt vi trng hp dng pht thng tin s liu gi. Hnh 9 cho ta ci nhn s b v cht lng khe thi gian truy cp ca knh RACH.

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Hnh 9: Cht lng khe thi gian truy cp ca knh RACH


1.5

Cc bc ci tin ca cng ngh WCDMA

Cc dch v di ng 3G gip ngi tiu dng v cc nh chuyn nghip tri nghim cht lng thoi u hng, cng vi rt nhiu dch v d liu hp dn nh: Kt ni Internet di ng Email di ng Cc dch v a phng tin, nh nh k thut s v phim c thu v chia s qua cc thit b cm tay di ng. Download cc ng dng di ng Video-theo-yu cu Chi game online Cc dch v khn cp v nh v nng cao Cc dch v nhn tin bm--ni v bm--xem video c thi gian ch thp. H thng thng tin di ng 3G s dng cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn WCDMA v CDMA2000 ang c trin khai rng khp trn ton th gii. Tnh n thi im thng 12 nm 2005 c hn 160 h thng 3G c a vo s dng trn phm vi 75 quc gia vi tng s thu bao ln n 230 triu. Tuy phin bn u tin R99, dung lng v tc truyn dn d liu c ci thin ng k. Lung tc s liu c th t n tc 2 Mbps. Nhng khi cc dch v s liu c a vo trin khai trn cc

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mng thng mi th dung lng, tc vn l nhng i hi cn phi c gii quyt. Do , bc ci tin u tin i vi WCDMA c nh du bi s ra i ca knh truyn ti mi HS-DSCH R5 c hon thnh vo u nm 2002. Nhng ci tin trong R5 ny thng c nhc n vi mt tn gi "HSDPA- Knh truy nhp gi ng xung tc cao". S ra i ca HSDPA nhm h tr mnh m cc dch v s liu yu cu tc c truyn dn ln nh cc dch v tng tc, dch v nn, dch v streaming. Truy nhp d liu knh ng xung tc cao HSDPA c kh nng cung cp dung lng cao hn 50% so vi knh DCH/DSCH trong R99 vi trng hp Marcrocell v 100% i vi Microcell, tc truyn dn ti a c th ln n 14 Mbps. Qua thc t trin khai cc mng di ng 3G cho thy c rt nhiu dch v s liu ph bin yu cu tc truyn dn trn hai hng t MS n Node B v ngc li c tc tng ng nhau nh cc dch v real-time gaming v cc dch v trn nn TCP/IP. Trong khi , R5 mi ch a ra gii php h tr mnh m vic truyn dn bt i xng vi tc truyn dn trn knh ng xung cao hn rt nhiu so vi knh ng ln. Nhc im ny ca R5 c khc phc trong R6 c hon thnh vo u nm 2005 vi tn gi ci tin knh ng ln v l bc ci tin th 2 i vi chun mng truy nhp v tuyn WCDMA. Nhng ci tin trong R6 nng tc truyn dn trn knh ng ln t n tc 5.76 Mbps dung lng knh tng ln gp 2 ln so vi knh truyn ti ng ln trong R99. Ba mc tiu chnh ca hai bc ci tin trong R5 v R6 l: - Nng cao tc truyn dn trn c hai hng. - Tng dung lng ca mng trn mt n v ti nguyn v tuyn nh trc. - Gim tr truyn dn cho c hai hng. Mc tiu th 3 c thc hin thng qua vic a mt s chc nng lp MAC n gn hn vi giao din v tuyn. V d nh chuyn chc nng truyn dn li t RNC n Node B. Hn th na gim thi gian ca khung truyn dn cng l mt gii php gim tr. C th khung thi gian truyn dn TTI ca knh DCH trong R99 l t 10-80 ms trong khi khong thi gian ny c gim xung cn 2 ms trong HSDSCH ca R5. Hoc nh vi knh ng ln ci tin trong R6, ngoi h tr khung

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truyn dn 10 ms phin bn trc, khung truyn dn 2 ms cng c s dng trong phin bn ny nhm t c mc tiu th 3 nu trn. Mc tiu 1 v 2 c thc hin thng qua k thut thch ng knh bao gm thay i t l m ca m sa li knh, chn chm tn hiu iu ch ph hp vi iu kin knh truyn, iu khin thu pht theo s thay i ca knh truyn dn. im ng ch l tng ch ca k thut thch ng knh khng ch mng li li ch cho cc nh vn hnh mng nh cc phin bn trc m cn mang li li ch cho khch hng s dng cc my di ng c tnh nng x l tn hiu tt. Li ch ny cn l xc tc cho vic y nhanh tc tiu th cc sn phm my di ng cm tay cng ngh cao ca cc nh sn xut. Ngoi ra, t ng yu cu truyn dn li cng l mt trong ba k thut then cht c s dng ti lp vt l t c c 3 mc tiu nu trn thng qua vic tn dng kt thc truyn dn sm, c x l ti node B gn vi giao din v tuyn.

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Chng 2 : GII THIU V CNG NGH HSDPA


2.1

Tng quan v HSDPA

Mc d cng ngh 3G WCDMA hin nay cho php tc d liu gi ln n 2Mbps. Tuy nhin, cc tiu chun thit k h thng WCDMA c mt s hn ch nh:
Khng tn dng cc u th ca d liu gi vn rt ph bin i vi ng trc

hu tuyn

Thit k dch v 2Mbps hin nay l khng hiu qu v cng cha p ng

c nhu cu s dng dch v s liu

Khng th x l tc d liu cao ln n 10Mbps

Do , R5 tip tc c pht trin khc phc nhng hn ch ny. R5 l s pht trin quan trng ca mng v tuyn 3G k t khi WCDMA c chp nhn l cng ngh mng v tuyn 3G t nm 1997 vi Cc tnh nng k thut ca cng ngh HSDPA gm:
Tng ng vi CDMA2000 1xEV (HDR)

iu ch v m ho thch ng Sng mang tc d liu cao (HDRC) trong bng tn 5MHz 64 QAM h tr tc nh tng ng 7.2 Mbps M Turbo Kh nng sa li gn vi gii hn l thuyt ARQ ghp thch ng T ng thch ng lin tc theo iu kin knh bng cch ghp chn thm thng tin khi cn S dng AMC khi c kt hp vi HARQ nhm ci thin dung lng ca h thng Cc k thut c s dng cho php HSDPA h tr tc 10 Mbps

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Trong mt h thng d liu v thoi c tch hp vi ngi s dng thoi(12.2 Kbps) ti khong 30 Erl/sector v thng lng sector ca d liu vn khong 1 Mbps

Hnh 10 : Biu ct so snh thi gian download ca cc cng ngh HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access)-truy cp gi ng xung tc cao, l gii php mang tnh t ph v mt cng ngh v c pht trin trn c s ca h thng 3G WCDMA, c ti u-ha cho cc ng dng d liu chuyn mch gi. Cng ngh HSDPA hin nay cho php tc download t n 1.8 Mbps, 3.6Mbps, 7.2 Mbps v 14.4 Mbps, v trong tng lai gn, tc hin nay c th c nng ln gp nhiu ln a n mt hiu qu s dng tt hn. Cc thu bao dch v HSDPA c th nhn email vi tp tin nh km mang dung lng ln, lt web hoc ti v cc tp tin a phng tin hoc vn bn nhanh hn bao gi. Mc d c th truyn ti bt c dng d liu no, song mc tiu ch yu ca HSDPA l d liu dng video v nhc. Khi nim HSDPA c pht trin da trn cng ngh W-CDMA, s dng cc phng php chuyn i v m ha d liu khc. N to ra mt knh truyn d liu bn trong W-CDMA c gi l HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink Shared Channel), knh chia s ng xung tc cao. Knh truyn ti ny hot ng hon ton khc bit so vi cc knh thng thng v cho php thc hin download vi tc vt tri. V y l mt knh chuyn dng cho vic download. iu cng c ngha l d liu s c truyn trc tip t ngun n in thoi. Song qu trnh ngc li, tc l

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truyn d liu t in thoi n mt ngun tin th khng th thc hin c khi s dng cng ngh HSDPA. Cng ngh ny c th c chia s gia tt c cc ngi dng c s dng sng radio, sng cho hiu qu download nhanh nht. Ngoi ra HSDPA cn s dng iu ch v m ho thch ng (Adaptive Modulation and Coding), HARQ nhanh (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request), v lp lch gi (Packet Scheduling) nhanh. Nhng tnh nng ny c phi hp cht ch v cho php thch ng cc tham s truyn dn theo mi khong thi gian TTI nhm lin tc hiu chnh s thay i ca cht lng knh v tuyn.
2.2

Nhng ci tin quan trng ca HSDPA so vi WCDMA

Hnh 11: Cc tnh nng c bn ca HSDPA khi so snh vi WCDMA Trong WCDMA, iu khin cng sut nhanh nhm gi n nh cht lng tn hiu nhn c (Eb/No) bng cch tng cng sut pht nhm chng li s suy hao ca tn hiu thu c. iu ny s to ra cc gi tr nh trong cng sut pht v tng nn nhiu a truy cp, do s lm gim dung lng ca ton mng. Hn th na, s hot ng ca iu khin cng sut yu cu lun lun phi m bo mt mc d tr nht nh trong tng cng sut pht ca Node B thch ng vi cc bin i ca n. Loi

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b c iu khin cng sut s trnh c cc hiu ng tng cng sut k trn cng nh khng cn ti d tr cng sut pht ca t bo. Tuy nhin, do khng s dng iu khin cng sut, HSDPA yu cu cc k thut thch ng lin kt khc thch ng cc tham s tn hiu pht nhm lin tc bm theo cc bin thin ca knh truyn v tuyn. Mt trong nhng yu cu thch ng lin kt s c cp trong khun kh bi kho lun ny c gi l iu ch v m ho thch ng - AMC. Vi k thut AMC, iu ch v t l m ho oc thch ng mt cch lin tc vi cht lng knh thay cho vic hiu chnh cng sut. Truyn dn s dng nhiu m Walsh cng c s dng trong qu trnh thch ng lin kt. S kt hp ca hai k thut thch ng lin kt trn thay th hon ton k thut h s tri ph bin thin trong WCDMA do kh nng thch ng chm i vi s bin thin ca truyn dn v tuyn tc cao. Do HSDPA khng cn s dng iu khin cng sut vng kn, phi ti thiu ho s thay i ca cht lng knh v tuyn trong mi khong thi gian TTI, vn ny c thc hin nh vic gim rng ca TTI t 10 ms WCDMA xung cn 2ms HSDPA. Vi s b sung k thut HARQ nhanh, n cn cho php pht li mt cch nhanh nht cc block d liu b mt hoc b li v kh nng kt hp vi thng tin mm ln pht u tin vi cc ln pht li sau . thu thp c thng tin v thng tin cht lng knh hin thi cho php cc k thut thch ng lin kt v lp lch gi theo di gim st mt cch lin tc cc iu khin v tuyn hin ti ca thu bao di ng, lp iu khin trung gian MAC th lm nhim v gim st knh nhanh cho php B lp lch gi nhanh v c tnh chia s theo thi gian ca knh HS-DSCH v bn cht c th xem nh phn tp la chn a ngi dung vi nhng li ch rt to ln i vi vic ca thin thng lng ca t bo. Vic chuyn dch chc nng lp lch n Node B l thay i chnh v kin trc nu so snh vi phin bn R99 ca WCDMA.

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2.3

Nguyn l hot ng ca HSDPA

Hnh 12 - Nguyn l hot ng c bn ca HSDPA

HSDPA gm cc gii php: + Thc hin an xen thi gian truyn dn ngn TTI=2ms + M ho v iu ch thch ng AMC + Truyn dn a m, lp vt l tc cao L1 + Yu cu lp t ng lai H-ARQ. Trong gii php HSDPA, thit b sp xp gi tin s c chuyn t b iu khin mng v tuyn RNC ti Node-B nhm gip ngi s dng d dng truy nhp vo cc chc nng thng k giao din v tuyn. K thut sp xp gi tin tin tin s gip iu chnh c tc d liu ngi s dng sao cho thch hp vi cc iu kin knh v tuyn tc thi. Trong qu trnh kt ni, thit b ngi s dng (UE) s nh k gi mt ch th cht lng knh CQI ti Node-B cho bit tc d liu no (bao gm k thut iu ch v m ho, s lng cc m s dng) m thit b ny c th h tr khi di

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cc iu kin v tuyn hin thi. ng thi, UE gi mt bo nhn (Ack/Nack) ng vi mi gi gip node-B bit c thi im lp li qu trnh truyn d liu. Cng vi chc nng thng k cht lng knh tng ng cho tng UE trong mt cell, Thit b sp xp gi tin s thc hin sp xp cc gi ca cc UE mt cch cng bng . Vn chng ta cn quan tm l cht lng knh ng truyn ca mi ngi s dng c lp v cch xc nh n. V d nh: t l cng sut k hiu trn tp nhiu ( t s Es/No), cht lng b tch UE. Nt B c th c lng tc d liu c h tr cho mi UE bng cch gim st cc lnh iu khin cng sut pht theo chu k mt gi tr ch th cht lng knh (CQI Channel Quality Indicator) c th ca HSDPA trn knh iu khin vt l dnh ring tc cao ( HS-DPCCH) ng ln, knh ny cng mang c thng tin bo hiu chp nhn / khng chp nhn (Ask / Nask) dng gi da trn L1 cho mi knh lin kt. Khi c tnh c cht lng knh, h thng chia s ti nguyn m v cng sut HS-DSCH gia nhng ngi s dng khc nhau. Lp iu khin truy nhp mi trng ( MAC Medium Access Control) c t ti nt B, do cho php truy nhp nhanh hn ti cc gi tr o lng tuyn kt ni, lp lch gi hiu qu hn v nhanh hn, cng nh c th kim sot cht lng QoS cht ch hn. So snh vi k thut DMA truyn thng, knh HS-DSCH khng thc hin vi iu kin cng sut pht nhanh v h s tri ph c nh. Bng cch s dng k thut m ho Turbo tc thay i, iu ch 16 QAM, cng nh hot ng a m m rng, knh HS- DSCH h tr tc d liu nh t 120 Kbps ti hn 10Mbps. Qu trnh iu ch v m ho thch ng c bn c mt di ng khong 20dB, v c m rng hn na s a m kh dng.

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Bng 3: Tc d liu nh ca HSDPA trong mt s trng hp TFRC liu QPSK, t l m ho 1/2 QPSK, t l m ho 3/4 16 QAM, t l m ho 1/2 QAM, t l m ho QPSK, t l m ho 3/4 T bng 3 ta c th phn no hnh dung c kt ni gia mt khun dng truyn ti v kt ni ti nguyn (TFRC) c th v tc d liu nh tng ng.
2.4

Tc

d liu

Tc

d Tc d liu (15 m) 1.8 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 5.3 Mbps 7.2 Mbps 10.7 Mbps

(1 m ) 120 kpbs 240 kpbs 360 kpbs 480 kpbs 720 kpbs

(5 m) 600 kbps 1.2 Mbps 1.8 Mbps 2.4 Mbps 3.6 Mbps

Cu trc HSDPA
2.4.1

M hnh giao thc HSDPA

Hnh 13: Kin trc giao din v tuyn ca knh truyn ti HS-DSCH Trong cu trc HSDPA, thit b sp xp gi tin s c chuyn t b iu khin mng v tuyn RNC ti Node-B nhm gip ngi s dng d dng truy nhp vo cc

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chc nng thng k giao din v tuyn. K thut sp xp gi tin tin tin s gip iu chnh c tc d liu ngi s dng sao cho thch hp vi cc iu kin knh v tuyn tc thi. Nu nh tt c cc knh truyn ti theo kin trc R99, chng u chm dt ti RNC th knh HS-DSCH li chm dt ngay ti Node B nhm mc ch iu khin knh HS-DSCH, lp MAC-hs (lp iu khin truy cp trung gian tc cao), s iu khin cc ti nguyn ca knh ny v nm ngay ti Node B. Do , cho php nhn cc bn tin v cht lng knh hin thi c th tip tc theo di gim st cht lng knh hin thi c th lin tc theo di gim st cht lng tn hiu cho thu bao tc thp. V tr ny ca MAC-hs ti Node B cng cho php kch hot giao thc HARQ t lp vt l, n gip cho cc qu trnh pht li din ra nhanh hn.

Hnh 14: Cu trc lp MAC hs c bit hn, lp MAC hs chu trch nhim qun l chc nng HARQ cho mi user, phn phi ti nguyn HS-DSCH gia tt c cc MAC-d theo s u tin ca chng ( v d nh lp lch gi), v la chn khun dng truyn ti thch hp cho mi TTI (v d nh thch ng lin kt). Cc lp giao din v tuyn nm trn MAC khng thay i so vi kin trc R99 bi v HSDPA ch tp trung vo vic ci tin truyn ti ca cc knh logic. Lp MAC-hs cng lu gi d liu ca user c pht qua giao din v tuyn, iu to ra mt s thch thc i vi vic ti u ha dung lng b nh m ca Node B.

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Trong qu trnh kt ni, thit b ngi s dng (UE) s nh k gi mt ch th cht lng knh CQI ti Node-B cho bit tc d liu no (bao gm k thut iu ch v m ho, s lng cc m s dng) m thit b ny c th h tr khi di cc iu kin v tuyn hin thi. ng thi, UE gi mt bo nhn (Ack/Nack) ng vi mi gi gip node-B bit c thi im lp li qu trnh truyn d liu. Cng vi chc nng thng k cht lng knh tng ng cho tng UE trong mt cell, Thit b sp xp gi tin s thc hin sp xp cc gi ca cc UE mt cch cng bng . 2.4.2 Cu trc knh

Hnh 15: Giao din v tuyn ca HSDPA Ti nguyn chung ca ngi s dng trong t bo bao gm cc b m knh v cng sut pht. Khi nim HSDPA c gii thiu bao gm mt s knh vt l thm vo: - Knh vt l chia s ng xung tc cao HS-PDSCH (High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel)
- Knh iu khin vt l HS-DPCCH (HS-Physical Control Channel).
2.4.2.1

Knh vt l chia s ng xung tc cao: HS-PDSCH

Trong knh ny thi gian v m ho c chia s gia nhng ngi s dng gn lin vi Node-B. y l c cu truyn ti cho cc knh logic c thm vo:

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+ Knh chia s ng xung tc cao HS-DSCH (HS-Downlink Shared Channel) + Knh iu khin chia s tc cao HS-SCCH (HS-Shared Control Channel). Nhng ti nguyn m ho HS-DSCH gm c mt hoc nhiu b m nh hng vi h s phn b c nh SF 16. Phn ln 15 b m ny c th phn b cho nhng yu cu v truyn dn d liu v iu khin. Cc ti nguyn m ho sn sng c chia s ch yu trong min thi gian nhng n c th chia s ti nguyn m ho bng cch dng m ho a thnh phn. Khi c thi gian v b m c chia s, t hai n bn ngi s dng c th chia s ti nguyn m ho trong cng mt TTI.

Hnh 16: Thi gian v b m c chia s trong HS-DSCH c tnh quan trng ca knh HS-DSCH l tnh linh ng ca ngun c chia s trong khong thi gian rt ngn 2ms.Khi d liu ngi dng c t trn knh HS-DSCH, chng lin tc c gi i trong khe thi gian 2ms . Ngc li, vi phin bn R99 ca WCDMA cn c thm khong DTX - khong truyn gin on nm trn khe DPDCH, n c tc dng lc nhiu trn ng truyn nhng khng th t c tc ln nht. V R99 ra i vi mc tiu chnh l tng dung lng h thng cho cc dch v thoi so vi h thng 2G (GSM) m thi ch cha s t c nhng yu cu v k vng i dch v s liu v tc h tr d liu cn thp (khong 384 kbps). i vi dch v thoi th chng ta bit, ngun ti nguyn (m, cng sut, nhiu) yu cu truyn dn dch v ny l khng thay i (do

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tc truyn dn l khng thay i) do iu khin cng sut thc s hiu qu v n gim nhiu MAI lm cho dung lng knh thoi m h thng c th p ng trn mt n v ti nguyn v tuyn tng ln. Tuy vy khi trin khai cc dch v s liu ( File Transfer, Internet Access, Email,) chng ta thy rng c th ca nhng dch v ny l yu cu ngun ti nguyn rt ln v trong khong mt thi gian ngn. V d nh nu truy nhp vo mt trang web no th cng mt lc ni dung vn bn v hnh nh ca website cn truyn n my u cui trong mt khong nht nh. Sau khi ni dung trang web download v my u cui th thng thng ngi s dng s xem ni dung v khng truy nhp ti nguyn h thng na. Nhng dch v m yu cu ngun ti nguyn ln v trong khong thi gian ngn nh vy trong k thut ngi ta gi chung mt tn l bursty data service. Vi knh HS-DSCH trong HSDPA th ngi ta cp pht 15 m tri ph vi h s tri 16 dng chung gia cc my trong cng mt sector. Cc my c cp pht ti nguyn trong tng khong thi gian nht nh (TDM). B scheduler s cp pht ti nguyn: bao nhiu m tri ph, cng sut l bao nhiu ph thuc vo yu cu dch v, trng thi knh ca user .

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Hnh 17: Trng thi knh ca cc user Nh hnh v trn, ti khong thi gian u tin User 1 c trng thi knh tt nn b scheduler a ra quyt nh cp pht ti nguyn cho User ny. Khi quyt nh cp pht ti nguyn cho User 1 ny k thut thch ng cng c p dng. Nu trng thi knh ca User lc ny tt v nhu cu v tc truyn dn ln th my pht c th dng iu ch 16-QAM hoc m knh vi t l m ln truyn tc ln hn. n khong thi gian th 2, User 2 s c cp pht truyn dn v User 2 c trng thi knh tt hn nh trn hnh v. Bng vic cp pht ti nguyn ng, kt hp vi k thut thch ng (ACM) chng ta c th thy rng knh truyn dn chung lun c cht lng knh mc tt c th hin ng nt t trn hnh v. Ngoi d liu ngi s dng, Node-B cn thc hin truyn dn bo hiu iu khin nhm thng bo sp xp cho ngi dng k tip. Bo hiu ny c sp xp trong knh iu khin chia s tc cao (HS-SCCH), l knh dng chung cho cc ngi s dng, v n c thc hin bng cch truyn dn hai khe thi gian HSSCCH TTI. Knh HS-SCCH mang nhng thng tin sau: - Mt l ID ca nhng ngi dng c trng UE. Nhim v chnh ca mt l l xc nh ngi dng c phc v trong chu k TTI tip theo. - Thng tin lin quan n khun dng truyn ti, m t cc m nh knh, phng thc k thut iu ch c s dng. T l m ho c trch ra t kch c ca block truyn ti v cc tham s khun dng truyn ti khc. - Thng tin lin quan n HARQ: c th l chu k pht tip theo s l mt block mi hay l mt block c pht li (do c th gp li trc nn yu cu pht li) v thng tin v cc phin bn. Thng tin iu khin ny ch c s dng cho cc UE s c phc v trong chu k tip theo, nh vy knh bo hiu ny l mt knh chia s theo thi gian cho tt c cc user.

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Hnh 18.1 : H thng trong tr ng hp 1 knh HS-SCCH v phn chia a thi gian

Hnh 18.2: H thng trong trng hp nhiu knh HS-SCCH v phn chia a thi gian RNC cng c th ch r cng sut c khuyn ngh cho HS-SCCH ( lch lin quan ti cc bit hoa tiu ca ca knh DPCH kt hp). Cng sut pht ca HS-SCCH c th l hng s hoc thay i theo thi gian tu theo mt chin lc iu khin cng sut no cho HS-DCCH. 2.4.2.2 Knh iu khin vt l tc cao: HS-DPCCH

y l knh ng ln, c s dng mang tn hiu bo nhn (ACK) n NodeB trn mi block. N cng c dng ch th Cht lng knh CQI (Channel Quality), l yu t c s dng trong AMC.

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Hnh 19: Cu trc knh HS-DPCCH Knh HS-DPCCH dng c nh h s phn b 256 v c mt khe cu trc c rng l 2/3 ms. + Khe u tin c s dng cho thng tin v HARQ. + Hai khe cn li c dnh cho CQI. Thng tin v HARQ lun lun c gi khi m knh HS- SCCH gii m chnh xc nhn ng tch sng xung trong khi QCI truyn tn s c iu khin bi thng s k. C 2 khe u hot ng ring bit lp iu khin. V d, trong mt s trng hp, qu trnh lp li ny din ra vi chu k 2 ms v hot ng cnh ca t bo khi cng sut hin ti khng chc chn cho qu trnh lp li. Cng sut iu khin t nhng t bo HSDPA cng c th lm gim bt cng sut nhn t knh HS-DPCCH trong qu trnh chuyn giao trong min nh nh thit b u cui lm gim cng sut truyn nu mi t bo hot ng gi mt lnh yu cu. Nh vy l vic khng dng iu khin cng sut m iu khin cp pht ngun ti nguyn s lm cho dung lng h thng tng nh li dng c tnh bin i ca knh fading. R rng bng vic s dng iu khin truyn dn lm thay i cch nhn v fading. Nu trc y chng ta coi l mt nhc im ca mi trng

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truyn dn h v tm cch trnh, xa b th by gi chng ta li c nh n do chng ta hiu v s dng n ng tnh hung. Dung lng ca h thng theo phng php ny cng tng nu nh mt thu bao trong sector cng cao v vi nhiu User phn b u tt c cc v tr trong cell th bt c thi im no cng c t nht mt User c trng thi knh cc tt truyn dn vi tc cc ln. tng dung lng ny ngi ta thng nhc n vi tn gi phn tp a ngi s dng- Multi-User Diversity. Tuy nhin c ngi s t ra mt cu hi l: Nu b scheduler quyt nh cp pht ti nguyn da trn trng thi knh ca my u cui th s c trng hp c User s khng truyn dn c trong mt khong thi gian di v User ny lun trng thi knh km hn nhng User khc?. Thc mc ny hon ton hp l. V n dn n vn cn bng gia dung lng h thng v s tha mn i vi ngi s dng. S tha mn y ngha l khng mt User phi i qu lu mi c truy nhp h thng. t c yu t cn bng ny cc b scheduler c thit k ngoi da trn nguyn tc trn cn phi kt hp vi nguyn tc Round-Robin (first come, first serve). V mi nh sn xut thit b s c nhng la chn thit k khc nhau ch khng nh sn xut no ging nh sn xut no v bn thn vn ny ch c a ra nguyn l trong 3GPP v 3GPP2 ch khng chun ha thnh mt k thut c bit c th. Mt iu th v khc na cn phi nhc n l khng dng iu khin cng sut m iu khin thu pht c ng lc tt i vi s pht trin ca th trng my u cui. iu ny c th c gii thch nh sau: Khi iu khin thu pht, b lp lch gi da vo nhng thng tin trng thi knh do MS gi v (Channel Quality Indicator Channel). M thng th MS s da vo tham s SIR (Signal to Inteference Ratio) yu cu b lp lch cp pht ti nguyn. Do , my di ng cng hin i ngha l kh nng nn nhiu cng ln (ngha l SIR ln) th b lp lch cp pht v iu khin BTS pht vi tc cao hn. Nh vy nu khch hng u t my u cui hin i s c li ch khng phi l h iu hnh hng li nh s dng iu khin cng sut V vi iu khin cng sut, nu my u cui tt, BTS yu cu MS gim cng sut pht, do nhiu gim v dung lng h thng tng. Khi dung lng tng l li ch ca h iu hnh ch khng phi l li ch ca ngi s dng. Vi li ch thuc v

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khch hng nh vy c th ni y l yu t kch thch qu trnh tiu th my u cui si ng hn.


2.5 Cc k thut s dng trong HSDPA 2.5.1

iu ch v M ho thch ng. K thut truyn dn a m

Trong thng tin di ng, t l tn trn tp (SINR) ca tn hiu nhn c ti mt thit b ngi s dng lun bin i trong khong t 30 40dB do fading nhanh v cc c im v a hnh trong mt cell. Nhm ci thin dung lng ca h thng, tc d liu nh, vng ph sng tn hiu truyn ti ngi dng c xc nh nhm tnh ton qu trnh thay i cht lng tn hiu thng qua qu trnh x l lin kt thch ng. Theo truyn thng, WCDMA ng dng chc nng iu khin cng sut nhanh cho cc lin kt thch ng. Ngc li, HSDPA lu cng sut pht khng i qua TTI ng thi s dng iu ch thch ng v m ho (AMC) nh mt phng php lin kt thch ng an xen nhm iu khin cng sut ci thin hiu sut ph. T s tp m v nhiu c xc nh bi cng thc:
SIN R = SF16 PHS DSCH Povvn 1 1 + G 1

Trong , PHS-DSCH , Pown : cng sut truyn v cng sut mang node B HS-DSCH Hng s =0.5, Pown = 12W, G= -3dB i ph vi di ng ca t s tp m trn nhiu Eb/No ti u cui UE, HSDPA thch ng qu trnh iu ch, t l m ho v s m ho nh knh vi cc iu kin v tuyn hin thi. S kt hp ca hai phng php trn gi l: iu ch v M ho thch ng AMC Bn cnh QPSK, HSDPA cn kt hp cht ch vi phng thc iu ch 16QAM tng tc d liu nh ca cc user c phc v vi iu kin vo tuyn thch hp. Vic h tr cho QPSK c tnh cht bt buc i vi thng tin di ng, cn i vi 16QAM l mt tu chn cho mng v thit b ngi dng UE.

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S dng ng thi c 2 phng thc iu ch ny, c bit l phng thc iu ch cp cao 16 QAM, a ra mt s thch thc nht nh i vi phc tp ca b thu u cui, n cn phi xc nh c bin tng ng ca cc k hiu nhn c, trong khi i vi phng php iu ch QPSK truyn thng ch yu cu tch pha tn hiu. Mt b m ho Turbo da trn b m ho Turbo R99 vi t l m ho 1/3, mc d cc t l m ho hiu dng khc trong phm vi (xp x 1/6 n 1/1) cng c th c c bng cc k thut ghp, trch, lp m. Kt qu l to ra mt di t l m c ti 64 gi tr khc nhau. S kt hp ca mt kiu iu ch v mt t l m c gi l Lc m ho v iu ch Ngoi k thut iu ch v m ho thch ng AMC, pht a m cng c th coi nh l mt cng c thch ng lin kt. Nu nh user c y cc iu kin knh v tuyn thch hp, node B c th li dng iu kin ny bng cch pht nhiu m song song vi nhau, nhm t c thng lng d liu nh kh ln. Vi k thut pht a m, ton b di ng AMC c th c tng ln mt lng: 10log 10 15 ~ 12 dBs Ton b di ng thch ng lin kt do AMC kt hp pht a m xp x 30 dB. Node- B s xc nh tc truyn dn d liu da trn cc bo co v ch th cht lng knh CQI cng nh cc thng k cng sut trn cc knh dnh ring. Tc d liu c iu chnh bng cch thay i s iu ch, tc m ho cng nh s lng m ho knh HS-PDSCH. S dng iu ch thch ng v m ho AMC cho php ngi s dng tin gn hn ti Node- B, c th yu cu iu ch vi t l m ho cao hn (chng hn nh iu ch 16- QAM vi t l m ho 3/4).

Bng 4: Lc m ho iu ch ca HSDPA v tc bit ti a kh dng vi mi m TFRC Modulation Effective Code Rate (ECR) Instanteaneous Data Rate with 1 HSPDSCH code

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#00 #10 #20 #30 #40 #50 #00 #10 #20 #30 #40 #50

QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK QPSK 16 QAM 16 QAM 16 QAM 16 QAM 16 QAM 16 QAM

0.14 0.27 0.39 0.52 0.64 0.77 0.32 0.38 0.45 0.54 0.65 0.77

68.5 kbps 128.5 kbps 188.5 kbps 248.5 kbps 308.0 kbps 368.5 kbps 302.5 kbps 362.0 kbps 433.0 kbps 518.0 kbps 619.5 kbps 741.5 kbps

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Hnh 20: Biu din m ho iu ch ca HSDPA v tc bit ti a kh dng vi mi m theo dB 2.5.2 K thut H- ARQ

Khi vn hnh HSDPA ln cn hiu sut ph cao nht, t l li khi BLER sau ln truyn dn u tin c khuyn ngh trong khong t 10- 20%. C ch yu cu lp t ng lai H-ARQ c ng dng trong gii php HSDPA nhm gim tr v tng hiu sut ca qu trnh ti truyn dn d liu. Thc t, H- ARQ l mt giao thc dng dng li v ch SAW (Stop And Wait).

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Trong c ch SAW, pha truyn dn lun lun qu trnh truyn dn cc block ang hin hnh cho ti khi thit b ngi s dng hon ton nhn c d liu. tn dng thi gian khi Node- B ch cc bo nhn, c th thit lp N tin trnh SAW-ARQ song song cho thit b ngi dng. Do , cc tin trnh khc nhau truyn dn trong cc TTI ring bit. S tin trnh SAW-ARQ song song c thit lp ti a l 8 (N=8), tuy nhin thng thng chn gi tr N t 4-6. Thi gian tr nh nht cho php gia qu trnh truyn d liu gc so vi qu trnh ti truyn dn d liu ln u tin trong HSDPA l 12ms. iu khin H- ARQ lp 1 c t ti Node-B, do vic lu tr cc gi d liu phi bo nhn cng vi chc nng sp xp cc gi ca qu trnh ti truyn dn l khng ph thuc vo RNC. Nh vy s trnh c tr ti truyn dn, ngoi ra cc tr ny s thp hn tr gy ra bi qu trnh ti truyn dn RLC thng thng. K thut HARQ l im khc c bn so vi k thut pht li trong WCDMA bi b gii m UE kt hp cc thng tin mm ca qu trnh pht li ca cng mt block cp bit. K thut ny a ra mt s yu cu v m rng dung lng b nh ca UE, do UE phi lu cc thong tin mm ca nhng ln pht gii m khng thnh cng.

Hnh 21: Hot ng ca giao thc SAW 4 knh Cc phng php HARQ nh sau: - Kt hp khun (CC: Chase Combining) mi ln pht li ch n gin l s lp li ca t m c s dng cho ln pht u tin.

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u im: Vic truyn v truyn li c gii m ring l (t gii m), tng tnh a dng thi gian, c th tng tnh a dng ng truyn. Nhc im: Vic pht li ton b cc gi s lng ph v bng thng. - Tng d (IR : Incremental Redundancy): S pht li bao gm c thng tin d tha b xung v thng tin ny c pht km thm nu c li gii m trong ln pht u tin.

Hnh 22: Qu trnh truyn li khi d liu IR Tng d c s dng nhn c tnh nng ti a trong bng thng sn sng. Lc ny block c pht li ch bao gm d liu sa cha ca tn hiu gc c truyn i ch khng phi thng tin thc s. Lng thng tin d thm vo c gi i ngy cng tng ln khi qu trnh pht li lp i lp li m bn thu vn nhn b li. u im: Gim bt bng thng/ lu lng hu dng ca mt ngi s dng v dng n cho nhng ngi khc. Nhc im: Cc bit h thng ch c gi i khi truyn ln u v khng th truyn li, iu lm cho qu trnh truyn li khng th t gii m. V th, nu qu trnh truyn ln u b mt th fading rt ln s tc ng v khng c c hi khi phc li d liu trong hon cnh ny.

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Chng 3 : NG DNG TRN HSDPA


3.1 VOIP song cng ton phn v thc y tr chuyn

Khi so snh vi nhiu ng dng khc chy qua IP, lu lng yu cu cho VoIP song cng ton phn thp, ln trn ti vi chc Kbps, nhng nhng yu cu tim n mt khc li i hi cao hn, nh vy mt ln na , RTT v khng phi lu lng ni lin kt- l nhn t m ngi dng cui gii hn dch v thc hin v dung lng mng. Khuyn co ITU trong thi gian truyn mt ng cho ting ni song cng ton phn ni rng ngi s dng tha mn vi tr truyn t ming n tai khong 280ms. Vi tr ln hn 280ms th s tng tc ca kt ni ting ni gim nhanh chng.V khi tr t n 400ms th ting ni khng tha mn vi s tng tc kt ni. Ch rng tr c ni n y l tr t ming n tai, v do khng ch bao gm tr ng truyn m cn c tr x l (m ha/ gii m) trong b pht v b nhn. Khuyn co ca lin hip vin thng quc t ngoi ra cng bao gm hng dn cho tr m ha / gii m. Vi a s cc b ly mu dng cho di ng yu cu tr ch t 50ms n 100ms. B qua tr x l th tr t lc truyn tin cho n khi kt thc l nh hn 200ms. Khi chng ta so snh yu cu tr ny vi RTT thp hn 200ms trong WCDMA v thp hn 100ms trong HSPA. R rng rng VOIP lm vic tt trong c 2 cng ngh.Vi RTT ngn hn trong lin kt v tuyn HSPA, tr cho php trong ng truyn HSPA l ln hn so vi WCDMA. Ch rng khi ti HSPA tng ln th RTT cng tng. Vi cc ng dng thc y tr chuyn th tr yu cu t ming ti tai l t i hi cao hn so vi VOIP song cng ton phn. Mt khc, nhng ng dng ny t

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nhng yu cu cht ch trn vic thit t thi gian cho kt ni v tuyn. iu ny l bi v mi thi gian ngi s dng yu cu tr chuyn, h thng phi thit t mt kt ni v tuyn, thi gian lm iu ny trc tip nh hng n ngi dng kt ni ti cuc tr chuyn.

3.2 Tr chi vi thi gian thc C nhiu nhm tr chi mng, v cc nhm ny c yu cu khc nhau trn mng di ng, nhng yu cu ny ph thuc thi gian thit lp kt ni v tuyn v tui th ca pin. Di y l cc v d v cc nhm tr chi
Nhng tr chi hot ng thi gian thc. Nhng tr chi chin lc thi gian thc. Nhng tr chi chin lc trn nn quay.

Yu cu cht ch nht l cc tr chi hot ng thi gian thc. Trong khi tc truyn theo bit ti a ca nhng tr chi hot ng nh vy him khi vt hn 100200 kbps v tc truyn theo bit trung bnh thng khong 10- 30 kbps. RTT yu cu tr in hnh 125-250ms cho nhng tr chi i hi cao nht. Do , HSPA s c kh nng h tr vic chi trn nn hot ng vi s np thc hin min l mng ngi dng cui kim sot tt. Yu cu tc d liu cho nhng tr chi hot ng thi gian thc thay i rt nhanh. HSPA c u im hn so vi Release 99 v tc d liu c th c p ng ngay lp tc. 3 .3 Lung TV di ng Vic cung cp lung video c cht lng tt i vi mt mn nh di ng s dng b ly mu video gn y nht yu cu tc t 32 n 128 kbps ph thuc vo ni dung. a s nhng kiu ni dung mang dung lng 64 Kbps cht lng s tt.Cc mng WCDMA c th cung cp 64-128kbps vi cht lng rt tt. Tuy nhin,

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ci m HSPA mang l nhiu kh nng hn, m ln lt cho php th trng tc truyn theo bit cao ti nhng ngi dng cui. Nhng mng v tuyn trc th h 3G. th ch t c tc d liu 50- 200 kbps, trong khi 3G mng vi kh nng HSDPA c th cung cp nhng tc d liu ln ti 1 Mbps. Do , cc ng dng lung phi lm thch nghi tc phng tin truyn thng. S thch nghi tc phng tin truyn thng lung c h tr trong mt s thit b u cui, trong khi s h tr y ca 3 GPP tiu chun ha s thch nghi tc phng tin truyn thng c bao gm vo 3 GPP ln thnh phin bn R6. la chn tc phng tin truyn thng thch hp ngi phc v lung cn phi bit: - Loi trm di ng no hng ti. Trong trng hp l mt thit b u cui vi nhng kh nng tc truyn theo bit hn ch, tc phng tin truyn thng cn phi tnh n nhng hn ch . - Tc phng tin truyn thng ban u no cn phi c s dng c th trong mt mng 2G, v i khi n c th trong mt mng 3G - Khi no tng hay gim bt tc phng tin truyn thng. Trong thc t, trm di ng v thng tin trao i ngi phc v v nhng kh nng ca h trc khi lung bt u. iu ny nh th no th bc 1 c gii quyt. S chn lc nhp phng tin truyn thng ban u kh khn hn. Trong mng ngy nay n da vo m hnh mng in thoi. Khi tc truyn theo bit ca cc gii php dch v c t trong nhng thit b u cui v cc mng WCDMA v HSPA ri tc truyn theo bit c th c s dng hng dn s chn lc nhp phng tin truyn thng ban u. 3.4 Email Cc gi tr tr trong mng HSPA thng thp cho cc ng dng th in t. Thm ch nu ngi s dng khng ti cc file nh km hoc gi th in t, ng dng th in t dng gi tin nhn ti in thoi di ng:

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u cui.
- Gi cc tin nhn hot ng c trao i gia my ch v thit b u cui.

Kch thc ca cc tin nhn c gi l rt nh. Hnh 23 cho ta mt c lng tiu th cng sut ca in thoi di ng trn nhng tin nhn c gi li c mI 4 pht v nhn 0 50 tn nhn email 1 gi .

Hnh 23: c lng tiu th cng sut ca in thoi di ng Vic gi cc tin nhn hot ng c mang trn cc knh RACH/FACH trong khi cc phn ca tin nhn- ca 1 vi KB- c mang trn HS-DSCH Vic tiu th cng sut ngun c trnh by trong hnh 23 . Tiu th ngun ph thuc vo s lng tin nhn nhn c v cc thng s thit t trn mng v tuyn. Nu chng t gi s cc ng h 5-sec DCH v FACH 50 tin nhn 1 gi, thit b di ng chun l 53h s s dng 1000mAp cng sut pin. S tnh ton ny chng minh rng cc thng s trong ng dng y email tt trong mng v tuyn.

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Hnh 24: Truy cp email t mobile s dng pin 1000-mAh Nu trng thi PCH khng c s dng bi mng, UE c di chuyn t FACH ti trng thi ri v kt ni RRC c gii phng. Khi d liu ti ng xung t li mng 3G , kt ni RRC cn c chim gi. Kt ni RRC thit t cc th tc c th tng tiu th cng sut u cui v gim thi gian chun s dng pin. S dng trng thi PCH l c li t c thi gian chun s dng di.

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KT LUN
Chnh thc c a vo hot ng ln u tin vo nm 2005, tnh n cui nm 2006 c 19 nh cung cp 66 sn phm ng dng cng ngh HSDPA, trong c 32 sn phm in thoi di ng. u th ca HSPA khi hin ti c trin khai ti khong 150 mng trn 60 quc gia v 25 nh khai thc trin khai HSPA tc 7.2Mbps. Ngoi ra, gii php ny cn nhm cung cp cc gii php ti u ha chi ph, tit kim chi ph u t hiu qu hn chi ph lp t thit b trin khai nh cc nh khai thc c th cung cp dch v cho nhiu i tng a dng hn Vi nhng ci tin mang tnh t ph, HSDPA l mt cng ngh ang c ch trng pht trin. Trn thc t, th trng ca HSDPA pht trin mnh m nht, c bit l giai on khi u, l nhng nc pht trin, ni c lng khch hng khng l s dng in thoi di ng cht lng cao. L do l v nhng chic in thoi HSDPA s c gi thnh cao hn hn nhng chic in thoi thng thng c nhm vo th trng nhng nc pht trin thp hn. Nhu cu s dng in thoi HSDPA c mong i l s t con s 2100 sn phm tnh n cui nm nay. n nm 2010, con s ny c th l 100 triu chic, theo phn tch ca IDC. Hn na, theo Strategic Analytics, n nm 2010, 70% in thoi 3G s s dng HSDPA. Tuy nhin, s mt nhiu thi gian HSDPA thc s tr nn ph bin. Tnh n cui nm 2005, hu ht cc nc trn th gii khng c mng 3G. Rt nhiu nh cung cp dch v di ng ang c gng trin khai mng 3G v c th c nng cp thnh mng 3.5G theo nhu cu ca th trng.

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PH LC
MT S SN PHM IN THOI DI NG C TCH HP HSDPA Cc sn phm ca HTC:

HTC Touch Dual L mt sn phm mn hnh cm ng em li cho ngi s dng nhng tri nghim mi v thay i cch s dng in thoi thng thng.. HTC P6500 Sedna HTC Sedna s hu mt cu hnh n tng v thc s l mt trong nhng thit b mnh m nht. Mn hnh 3,5 inches c o s hu dng khi hin th nhng bc nh ln. Hn na, mn hnh cm ng chng la ny cng khin chic in thoi tr nn c bit hn. L mt chic in thoi Quadband GSM v thm c gi cng ngh CDMA triband, Sedna c th tng thch vi hu ht cc mng di ng hin nay. Thit b ny cn cung cp c nhng gii php qun l d liu, vi kt ni HSDPA l gii php quan trng nht. S l mt iu ng tht vng nu khng c chc nng ny, khi tc truyn d liu nhanh l v cng quan trng vi mt thit b cm tay mnh m. V vy, hon thin, HTC Sedna cn c c kt ni wi-fi v bluetooth 2.0.

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ng d ng HSDPA trong mng in thoi th h 3

HTC S730 HTC S730 l mt sn phm smartphone mnh m v snh iu vi bn phm slide QWERTY t ng gip son tin nhn v vn bn nhanh chng v hiu qu. Vi HTC S730, T10ngi s dng lun c update emails, tin nhn, cuc hn, cc cuc gi nh nh mn hnh HTC Home. Cc sn phm ca Sony Ericsson: Sony Ericsson V640i V640i l mt ch d c to ra phc v cc thng yu nhc vi kh nng chi nhc hon ho v mnh m. Nng ch 97g, W640i s dng ng truyn bng thng rng 3G HSDPA, cho php download mt bn nhc trn vn ch trong 14 giy. Sony Ericsson vW910 W910 l mt chic in thoi HSDPA Walkman c thit k ch yu cho nhu cu gii tr, vi kh nng chi nhc, game 3D, video, v lt web vi tc cao. Chc nng Shake control cho php bn la chn nhng bn nhc yu thch theo cch rt ring. Sony Ericsson K850 Sn phm Sony Ericsson K850 li l mt ch d chp nh chuyn nghip. Vi camera 5MP c tch hp trong mt thn hnh mnh mai, ch d ny cho php bn chp nhng bc nh vi cht lng tt nht. K850 l mt sn phm tri-band HSDPA v quad-band GPRS/EDGE. Sn phm Nokia: Nokia E51 Nokia E51 c trang b thm kh nng x l tc cao hn v tch hp nhiu hn nhng ng dng ch cht. Trong khi , tnh nng smartphone v thit k y phong cch m khch hng lun ch i E series vn c duy tr.

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Nguyn Th Thu Hng - K49B

ng d ng HSDPA trong mng in thoi th h 3

Nokia N95 8GB c coi l chic in thoi a nng mnh m nht, gi y, khi c nng cp vi phin bn 8GB, Nokia N95 8GB tr nn mnh m hn rt nhiu. My c s hu camera 5MP vi ng knh Carl Zeiss thi thng. Ngoi ra, ch d ny cn c tch hp A-GPS, WLAN, HSDPA v mt phong cch trt i rt n tng. Nokia 6121 classic Nokia 6121 classic l mt smartphone rt linh hot, s dng mng GSM v WCDMA 900/100. c tch hp camera 2MP, ng knh 4X-digital zoom, n flash v ch thu hnh ton cnh, Nokia 6121 classic s cho ngi s dng nhng bc nh hi lng nht. Ngoi ra, ch d ny cn c mt camera th hai pha trc, phc v cho nhng cuc gi video. Sn phm ca Samsung:

Samsung SGH-F330 Ging nh nhiu mu in thoi khc ca Samsung, SGH-F330 c kiu dng bt mt vi thit k gn gng, mm mi v s kt hp 2 mu xanh - trng rt snh iu. Ngoi ra, sn phm mi ny ca Samsung cn tch hp cng ngh 3G, c tc

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Nguyn Th Thu Hng - K49B

ng d ng HSDPA trong mng in thoi th h 3

truyn ti d liu ln n 3.6 Mbps vi cng ngh HSDPA. Mn hnh 2,1 inches ca SGH-F330 c phn gii 240 x 320 pixels. Samsung SGH-i620 Samsung SGH-i620 l mt ch d a chc nng tch hp wi-fi, HSDPA v hot ng c trn mng tri-band GSM. My c camera VGA pha trc v camera 2MP bn cnh, p ng nhu cu chp hnh v gi in video ca ngi s dng. Sn phm ca LG

LG KS20 LG KS20 c thit k nh gn, ch dy 12,8mm, hp thi trang vi mn hnh cm ng 2,8 inches, camera 2.0 MP, nghe nhc, xem video vi loa ngoi cho m thanh cht lng cao cng vi cng bluetooth 2.0 cho php truyn v nhn d liu nhanh hn. c bit, trong sn phm ny LG tch hp thm cng ngh HSDPA , cng ngh mi trong lnh vc truyn thng 3G cho php truy nhp internet qua mng di ng vi tc cao.

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Nguyn Th Thu Hng - K49B

ng d ng HSDPA trong mng in thoi th h 3

LG KU950 LG KU950 l mt chic in thoi TV c thit k dng T-slide cho php ngi s dng thoi mi nht khi xem cc chng trnh truyn hnh v cc chng trnh pht sng media wireless trn mn hnh xoay QVGA 2,4 inches. My c tch hp camera 1.3 MP, my chi nhc, bluetooth v khe cm th SD. NoteBooks: Fujitsu Siemens Computers l nh sn xut th hai trn th gii ng dng UMTS Module vo cc sn phm notebook ca mnh. Chic notebook Lifebook Q2010 khng ch l mt sn phm notebook n thun, n cn c chc nng nh mt chic in thoi. Ngoi ra, mt s sn phm ng dng UMTS ca Fujitsu Siemens cn c: LIFEBOOK P1610, T4215, E8210, AMILO Pro 3525, 3545 and AMILO Si 1848. K t nm 2005, Dell bt u sn xut laptop c tch hp HSDPA, cho php my c kh nng kt ni Internet lin tc thng qua mng 3.5G ca Vodafone ti Anh quc v mt s quc gia khc. Cc sn phm HSDPA ca Dell gm c: Latitude D420, D430, D620, D630, D631, D820, D830, D831, v XPS M1210, M1330, M1770, M2010, M4300 v M6300. Cc model D620, D820 v XPS M1210 cng c cung cp th trng M. Cc khch hng y s c s dng HSDPA do AT&T Wireless cung cp. Lenovo cng bt u sn xut cc sn phm c ng dng cng ngh HSDPA k t gia nm 2006 vi nhng sn phm notebook mang thng hiu Lenovo v IBM ThinkPad. Ngoi ra, trn th trng hin nay cng c mt s hng sn xut cung cp cc sn phm notebook c tch hp ng dng HSDPA nh Panasonic vi sn phm Toughbook hay V33i ca hng Flybook. HP v Intel cng ang c nh a ng dng ny vo cc sn phm sp ra mt ca mnh.

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Nguyn Th Thu Hng - K49B

ng d ng HSDPA trong mng in thoi th h 3

TI LI U THAM KHO
[1]. Juha Korhonen. Introduction to 3G Mobile Communications 2ed. 2003 [2]. Harri Holma and Antti Toskala, HSDPA/HSUPA for UMTS / High Speed Access Mobile Communications. Wiley. 2006 [3]. M.R Karim . Mohsen Sarraf. WCDMA and cdma2000 for 3G Mobile Networks. McGraw Hill Telecom. 2002 [4 ]. TS Trnh Anh V Thng tin di ng- NXB H Quc Gia H Ni - 2007 [5]. KS Bi Vn Ph, KS. Phm Vnh Ho, KS. Nguyn Huy Qun, KS. Phm Bo Sn. H thng a truy cp v tuyn 3.5G vi cng ngh HSDPA. Bi bo. [6 ] http://www.searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com [7]. http://www.tapchibcvt.gov.vn [8]. http://www.itgatevn.com.vn

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