Final Exam PHY 2130

Monday, April 28, 2003 Please type your name here Instructions:

Row: Seat:

Please type your student number here

1. Do all the questions. Show your work for partial credit. I must be able to understand what you have done while I am grading the exam not when you explain it to me after the exam is graded and returned. 2. For each problem: (a) write down any formula(s) used (b) justify why you used that particular formula(s) (c) show your work!

1. A 6.0-kg object undergoes an acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. What is the magnitude of the resultant force acting on it? 1. 2. 3. 4. 1.2 N 15 000 N 12 N * 0.15 N

2. A person takes a trip, driving with a constant speed of 89.5 km/h except for a 22.0-min rest stop. If the persons average speed is 77.8 km/h, how much time is spent on the trip? 1. 2. 3. 4. 2.8 h * 2.8 min 20 h 5.6 h

3. A child throws a marble into the air with an initial speed v0. Another child drops another marble (of the same weight) at the same instant. Compare the accelerations of the two marbles while they are in flight. You can neglect air resistance.

1. 2. 3. 4.

first marble has greater acceleration second marble has greater acceleration the accelerations of the two marbles are the same * impossible to determine with the provided information

4. A car is stopped for a traffic signal. When the light turns green, the car accelerates, increasing its speed from 0 to 5.20 m/s in 0.832 s. What are the magnitudes of the linear impulse and the average total force experienced by a 70.0-kg passenger in the car during this time? 1. 2. 3. 4. 245 kg m/s2 and 438 N 364 kg m/s2 and 438 N * -245 kg m/s2 and 4.38 N 2.45 kg m/s2 and 4.38 N

5. A ball is thrown straight up into the air. At what position is the kinetic energy a maximum? At what position is the gravitational potential energy a maximum? 1. at the highest point of the trajectory; at the lowest point of the trajectory 2. at the lowest point of the trajectory; at the highest point of the trajectory * 3. midway between the highest and the lowest points of the trajectory; at the highest point of the trajectory 4. impossible to determine 6. An electric motor rotating a workshop grinding wheel at a rate of 100 rev/min is switched off. Assume constant negative angular acceleration of magnitude 2.00 rad/s2. How long does it take for the grinding wheel to stop? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.25 min 11.3 s 5.25 s * 11.3 min

7. A compact car and a large truck collide head on and stick together. Which undergoes the larger momentum change? You can assume that the final velocity of the system is zero. 1. 2. 3. 4. car truck the momentum change is the same for both vehicles * impossible to determine

8. A 2 000-kg car rounds a circular turn of radius 20 m. If the road is flat and the coefficient of friction between tires and road is 0.70, how fast can the car go without skidding? 1. 2. 3. 4. 20 m/s 2 m/s 12 m/s * 3 m/s

9. A 10.0-kg cylinder rolls without slipping on a rough surface. At an instant when its center of gravity has a speed of 10.0 m/s, determine the translational kinetic energy of its center of gravity and the rotational kinetic energy about its center of gravity. 1. 500 J and 250 J 2. 5 J and 2.5 J * 3. 5 kJ and 2.5 kJ 4. 3 J and 3.0 J 10. A frog in a hemispherical pod finds that he just floats without sinking in a fluid of density 1.35 g/cm3. If the pod has a radius of 6.00 cm and negligible mass, what is the mass of the frog? Hint: use Archimedes principle. 1. 2. 3. 4. 0.611 g 0.611 kg * 0.350 kg 1.010 kg

11. An old clock, built in Azizia (Lybia) in 1922, is controlled by a swinging brass pendulum that is 1.0 m long. At the time when the clock was built, a record temperature of 136F, was recorded. A clock was then moved to the Vostok Station in Antarctica, where the outside temperature is -127F. What is the length of the pendulum rod in Antarctica? Bonus(+0.5 pt): if a pendulums period is given by T = 2 L / g where L is its length, does the change in length of the rod cause the clock to run fast or slow? You might find the 1 following information useful: brass =19 10 6 ( C ) 1. 2. 3. 4. 0.997 m * -2.8 10-3 m 1.003 m 2.8 10-3 m

12. A 0.40-kg iron horseshoe that is initially at 500C is dropped into a bucket containing 20 kg of water at 22C. What is the final equilibrium temperature? Neglect any energy transfer to or from the surroundings. Specific heat of water is c water = 4186 J / kg C and specific heat of iron is ciron = 448 J / kg C 1. 2. 3. 4. 2.3 C 39 C 0 C 23 C *

13. What is the change in entropy of 1.00 kg of liquid water at 100C as it changes to steam at 100C? You might find the following 6 information useful: L f water = 2.26 10 J / kg 1. 2. 3. 4. 6060 kJ/K 2.26 kJ/K -6060 kJ/K 6.06 kJ/K *

14. A man enters a tall tower, needing to know its height. He notes that a long pendulum extends from the ceiling almost to the floor and that its period is 15.5 s. How tall is the tower? 1. 59.6 m *

2. 100.3 m 3. 4. 15.5 m 95.3 m

15. Find the wavelength of a transverse wave traveling at 500 m/s and whose frequency is 0.5 kHz. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1.00 m * 2.00 m 1000 m 2000 m

16. The human ear canal is about 2.8 cm long. If it is regarded as a tube open at one end and closed at the eardrum, what is the fundamental frequency around which we would expect hearing to be most sensitive? (Take the speed of sound to be 340 m/s.) 1. 2. 3. 4. 1000 kHz 3000 kHz 3.0 kHz * 1.0 kHz

17. In which of the following materials does the light travel the fastest? 1. 2. 3. 4. water (n = 1.33) * glass (n = 1.50) diamond (n = 2.42) Light travels at the same speed through all of these materials

18. A beam of light of wavelength 550 nm, traveling in air, is incident on a slab of transparent material. The incident beam makes an angle of 60 with the normal, and the refracted beam makes an angle of 30.0 with the normal. Find the index of refraction of the material. 1. 2. 3. 1.21 1.53 2.52

4.

1.73 *

19. The rearview mirror on a late-model car warns the driver that objects might be closer than they appear. What kind of mirror is used to build the rearview mirror? 1. 2. 3. 4. concave convex * flat not enough information

20. An object is placed in front of a convex mirror at the distance of 30.0 cm. Find distance between the image and the mirror lateral magnification if the focal distance of the mirror is 20.0 cm. 1. 2. 3. 4. -12 cm and +0.40 * 12 cm and -0.40 40 cm and -1.2 -40 cm and +1.2

21. (bonus). An object goes from one point in space to another. After it arrives to its destination, its displacement is 1. 2. 3. 4. either greater than or equal to always greater then always equal to either smaller than or equal to *

the distance it traveled. 22. (bonus). Suppose rain falls vertically into an open cart rolling along a straight horizontal track with negligible friction. As a result of the accumulating water, the speed of the cart 1. 2. 3. 4. increases decreases * does not change first decreases, then does not change

Final course grades will be posted by your WSU student ID number on the website as well as on the north side entrance to the physics building, unless marked below:

I do not wish to have my grade posted.

Formula Sheet
a. Useful formulas
side opposite hypothenus e side ajacent to cos = hypothenus e side opposite tan = side ajacent to sin =
x = x f xi

v F =m t r mm F = G 12 2 r
4 2 T = GM S
2

= 0,

I = mr

=0
2

U = U f U i = Q W

W = PV

c = a +b
2 2

3 r

x x f xi v= = t t f ti v v f vi a= = t t f ti
v = v 0 + at 1 x = ( v + v0 )t 2 1 x = v 0 t + at 2 2

p =mv

t Impulse= F

F = = mv f mv i t p
mv1i +mv 2 i = mv1 f +mv 2 f

v y = v y 0 gt
2 v = v y 0 2 gy 2 y

1 I 2 2 L = I I i i = I f f M = V F P= A P = P0 + gh B = fluid gV KE r =

= I

Q = Qh Qc

e=

y = v y 0 t
F

1 2 gt 2

A1v1 = A2 v 2 1 P + v 2 + gv = con 2
TC = T 273 .15 9 TF = TC + 32 5

Fs = kx k a = x m k ( A2 x 2 ) v = m
m k x = A cos ( 2 ) ft T = 2
T = 2 L g

Q W =1 c Qh Qh T ec = 1 c Th Q S = T

v = v + 2ax
2 2 0

w = mg
x

=m a

x = v x0 t

f i = = t t f ti

f i = t t f ti

= 0 + t 1 = 0 t + t 2 2 2 2 = 0 + 2 vt = r a t = r
a c = r 2 = v r
2

Wnet = KE f KE i = KE PE = mgy KE i + PE i = KE f + PE f

f s s n f k = k n W = ( F cos ) x 1 KE = mv 2 2

F F

F 12 = F 21
=0 =0
y

L = L0 T , T in C v = f A = A0 T F v= V = V0 T = 3, = 2 T v = (331 m / s ) 1 + PV = nRT 273 2 N 1 2 P = mv I = 10 log 10 3 V 2 I 0 Q =m c T

Q = mL

H =

= Fd

Q T T1 = kA 2 t L P = AeT
4

I=

v v0 f '= f v

Pav 4r 2

 v v0 f '= f v v s
fn n = 2L F

, n =1,2,3...

v , n = 1,2,3... 2L v fn = n , n = 1,3,5,... 4L I = P/ A fn = n

n=

n=

0 n

c v

v f '= f v v s

q M = p

n1 sin 1 = n 2 sin 2 n sin c = 2 , n1 > n2 n1 = ' 1 1

1 1 1 + = p q f

b. Conversion Factors
1 m = 39.37 in = 3.281 ft 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 km = 0.621 mi 1 mi = 5280 ft = 1.609 km 1 min = 60 s 1 h = 3600 s 1 day = 24 h 1 km/h = 0.278 m/s = 0.621 mi/h 1 m/s = 2.237 mi/h 1 N = 0.2248 lb = 105 dynes 1 J = 107 erg = 0.239 cal 1 m3 = 106 cm3