Professional Documents
Culture Documents
doi:10.4156/jcit.vol6. issue2.6
Abstract
With a sustainable development of export-oriented economy in China, the overall size of port logistics is continuously expanded. Based on the developing trend and characteristics of port logistics in China, the significance and advantages of China E-port are analyzed. Meanwhile, the data center and some main application systems of China E-port are introduced in this paper as well, such as Manifest, ATA, Customs Agency, Online Payment, E-account book, and Identity Authentication. Finally, it is proposed that the main feature of E-port system is information sharing which is significant on improving the whole efficiency of port logistics compared with major projects in China E-port. It is especially analyzed how to improve the economic effectiveness and social benefits of local international logistics informationization since the implementation of Shanghai e-port, such as strengthening the customs supervision, speeding up the flow of imports and exports, expanding the scope of Shanghai logistics center, etc. Some measures are proposed to further expand the value of Shanghai e-port system, including the port innovative model, and other regional collaboration strategies.
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
Customs
Inspection
Customs
Loading
Operative Plan
Operative Plan
Delivery
Delivery Figure 1. The transformation of E-port businesses The China E-Port owns obvious advantages compared with present mode of port management.
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
(1) Information-sharing. The enterprises can apply or declare for various kinds of export and import formalities through China E-Port to the ministries of Customs, Quality and Technical Supervision and Quarantine, Foreign Trade, Foreign Exchange, Industry and Commerce, Tax, Bank etc. and the online approval formalities are all available to the governments of all levels, thus truly realizes the governments One Stop Service to the enterprises. Through the data center, the enterprises also can enjoy intermediary service of transportation, storage, banks, insurance etc., thus realizes the real ebusiness. (2) All-weather and all-round service. The enterprises can visit the data center and transact business though data center by a local telephone to connect with INTERNET at any places and any time. (3) Low cost. The enterprises only need some simple equipment to log on the website of China EPort and the data center provides software for free so that much cheaper than EDI. (4) Easy learning and operating. China E-Port regards Windows operating system as the platform, IE as browsing tool, setting up an interactive interface with the users. The system offers a series of abundant online guides, business norms, operation manual, which truly realizes the network office. (5) Strong safety precautions. China E-Port adopts the international standard and domestic selfdeveloped high-strength code design and multiple rigorous safeguards on enciphered network communications, network isolation, computer room facilities, identify authentication, jurisdiction setup and digital signature etc., anti-hacker, anti-virus, anti-peep and anti-disavowal. The system is directly under control and supervision of the government so that the security can be guaranteed.
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
Web
Com+
Load Balance
Data Layer
15 Databases
Customs Declaration
Input
Update
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
Figure 4. The Infrastructure of China E-port Information Data Center Presently, 31 e-port application programs have been promoting in nation wide and 47 provincial capitals, cities under direct planning by the state, 300 prefecture-level cities have set up China E-port dedicated access. The projects involves China Customs, Administrations of Foreign Exchange, Ministries of Taxation, Administrations of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, ministry of commerce, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Railways, China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, Trade and Industry Department of HongKong, Macao Economy Bureau and other 11 banks, including Bank of China, Industry and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of Communications, China Merchants Bank. The enterprise users of the China E-Port are about 180.000 with daily e-bills and documents more than 500.000 and daily click rate more than 4.300.000 times. The project receives remarkable social and economic benefits on rectifying the national economic order, strengthening the governments integrated management and facilitating the Customs Clearance. With its 323 working staff, among whom are 6 doctors, 76 masters and a great many of IT talents as well as 5 departments- Central Office, Technology Department, Operating Department, Client Service Department and Finance Department, Data Center has always dedicating to transferring scientific and technological achievements into practical productive forces, serving for national export-oriented economic development, putting central governments establishment of E-Port into effect, guaranteeing the needs of Port Law Enforcement System. In order to ensure the systematic normal running of Eport, Chinas State Organs Establishments Committee approved to set up branches of Information Data Center at 41 locations directly under local Customs.
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
administrative departments. The enterprises can apply or declare for various kinds of export and import formalities to the ministries of Customs, Quality and Technical Supervision and Quarantine, Foreign Trade, Foreign Exchange, Industry and Commerce, Tax, Bank etc., thus truly realizes the governments One Stop Service to the enterprises. Secondly, E-Port betters the import and export control of the management departments. The new management mode of e-account book + online verification fundamentally puts an end to the falsification of the operation bills and documents, sternly cracks down on smuggle, committing foreign currency fraud, cheating on tax and other illegal activities, creates fair competitive market environment. Thirdly, E-Port reduces the trade cost and improves trade efficiency. It not only helps the enterprises to save time and manpower but also reduces the trade cost and improves trade efficiency. E-Port is one of the most significant symbols of trade modernization drive and a crucial way to improve the administrative transparency of law enforcement departments. [4]
2801 2615
1128
316 379 443 537 561 582
263
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Figure 5. The Development of Ocean Ports in Shanghai Without other positive and negative factors that affect trade volume, the value was thought as same. The total trade and port throughput are combined in one table as shown in Figure 6, and their relationship is easy to be analyzed. The total of imports and exports also showed a growing trend, and especially in 2001, the increasing slope indicated that the growth of trade volume and the improvement of port throughput capacity are inseparable. In case of the previous port efficiency, only the improvement of port throughput capacity in a year could reach far from as large as the increasing number. That is, the faster increase in port throughput capacity, the bigger trade volume in growth, and the amount of trade total will be enhanced with improving the port efficiency. Therefore, it is speculated that the volume of trade is in accordance with the proportion of growth in port throughput.
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
Port Throughput(Ton)
53886
50000 40000 31707 30000 18646 20000 16325 10000 6364 0 7615 20457 22162 20120 10931 12049 14250 26383 38058
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Figure 6. The Growth of Trade Volume and Port Throughput Based on the diagram, the function is shown as: Y = AX + B (1)
In a straight line graph (Figure 7), it is selected that the point (200,100) and points (300,200), resulting in A=1. The value of B is not considered because the different units will have some differences. Therefore, it is inferred that the relationship between Y and X is proportional. It can be concluded that: the efficiency of customs clearance will greatly enhance the growth of trade value. It plays an enormous role in promoting the development of Shanghai international trade how to greatly improve the efficiency of port customs.
Actual Ratio
500 400 300 200 100 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Cargoes Throughput(Million Ton)
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
SFTC
Enterprises
Customs
Intranet
Extranet Customs Broker E-port platform Figure 8. The flow of processing trade
Server
The processing trade means such trade activities, importing goods in whole or in part from the outside bonded area, such as raw and auxiliary materials components, packaging materials and so on (hereinafter referred to as imported materials and parts), and exporting finished and semi-manufactured products after domestic enterprises processing and assembly. In China, the customs regulation for the processing trade include: the approval, record and change of the electronic account, the customs declarations, and the foreign exchange management. [6] The regulatory of processing trade in Shanghai are almost operated through the electronic accounts. The electronic account users must apply for the only number to carry out the processing trade for record. Subsequently, in the production process, if the rest materials were sold in domestic because of the changes in contract, it should be approved by the Economic and Trade Commission. During the approval, the first step is applying online and then printing the required information. Finally it is completed to finish the formalities and pay on the counters. Although in the actual operation, it is still required manual proofreading at the counter, in fact, online applications have been greatly optimized the approval process. At the same time, such information also will be recorded in the database. With more strict regulation, all of the necessary information should be transmitted through the network at the customs and foreign trade and economic cooperation departments, timely and correctly. From the beginning of the processing trade contract, the enterprises are required to record, apply to the final completion of the contract also required the end of the tax rebate applications. It means avoiding the use of deception or false means to escape customs supervision. [7]
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Study on System Application and Efficiency Analysis of China E-Port Yiqun Li, Qing Nie, Xuezheng Zhang Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Volume 6, Number 2. February 2011
Furthermore, with the development of e-port, some related industries are evolving at a higher level, for example, freight, shipping and processing trade, which previously required a lot of labor power and now can be resolved through the network. In particular, the companies are able to conveniently query via Web for shipping information, to monitor and control of goods to confirm information what they know timely and quickly. [9]
5. Conclusions
With a sustainable development of export-oriented economy in China, port logistics information system should be placed in an important position. First of all, the port, dock, yard logistics hubs are all represented by information platform under construction. Second, the bonded areas, export processing zones and other Port Authority Area information platform construction has made initial success. Thirdly, a single port logistics platform is the largest integrated development of regional logistics. Developed by the Shanghai Customs-led "Yangtze River Delta regional customs integration program for reform" are being implemented. Fourth, all efforts is greatly expanding the integration of customs clearance. Beginning in 2002, an electronic customs clearance, served to tax, business, commodity inspection, maritime, banking and so on to expand, gradually formed a true sense of the "paperless customs clearance" from the harbor to expand into the dry port, airport and realize seamless connectivity. A combination of various advanced techniques, such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), public data networks and information platforms, mobile communications short message notification, speeds up customs clearance. In this paper, it is mainly analyzed how to improve the efficiency of customs clearance under the construction and development of E-port system. The use of information system is in common in any aspect to play the role of improving efficiency. The application of Shanghai e-port reflects the developing trend of international logistics and provides a good example how to combine software with hardware to upgrade the logistics environment. In the future, the considerably potential of e-port will promote the efficiency of international logistics center in Shanghai if there were a breakthrough in the bottleneck of customs management and mechanism.
6. Acknowledgement
This work is supported by the 085 Knowledge Innovation project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (08509009-03) and the Research Foundation of International Trade Education Space of International Business School, Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade. The authors are grateful for the anonymous reviewers who made constructive comments.
7. References
[1] Yiqun Li, Li Xiong, Rui Wang, "The Informatization Development of Foreign Trade Enterprise in
China: Case in Proceeding Trade", JDCTA, Vol. 4, No. 7, pp. 79 ~ 87, 2010. [2] Yiqun Li and Qing Nie, Study on the construction and development of Shanghai e-port System, The Fifth IEEE International Conference on Service Operations, Logistics and Informatics, Chicago USA, 2009, pp. 295 ~ 299. [3] China E-port website : http://www.chinaport.gov.cn [4] Zhang Mai and Wang Shiyi, The Port Logistic Management under E-business, China Supplies Flow, July 2004. (in Chinese) [5] Yearbook of Shanghai Informationization, China Social Sciences Press, 2005-2008. (in Chinese) [6] The Port Project in 11th Five-year Plan, The Compilation of Shanghai E-port Outcomes, 2005 (in Chinese) [7] Donald Lam, Port operations in a changing environment, Port Review, 2003. [8] Hongwei Wang, Lijuan Zheng, James N.K. Liu, "Measuring The Performance of Information Systems Using Data Envelopment Analysis", JDCTA, Vol. 4, No. 8, pp. 92 ~ 101, 2010. [9] Tiejun Pan, Leina Zheng, Guoqing Yan, "Research of Information Framework for Fourth Party Logistics", JCIT, Vol. 5, No. 7, pp. 90 ~ 99, 2010.
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