TRNG I HC Y T CNG CNG

HNG DN
VIT CNG NGHIN CU
S dng cho: Hc vin Cao hc v Chuyn khoa I

Phng o to Sau i hc
Nm 2006

I. Lp cng nghin cu
cng nghin cu l thit k nghin cu hon chnh ca hot ng
nghin cu hon thnh bi tp 1 v lun vn tt nghip.

cng gm:
Trang ba:
- Tn B ch qun: B GD T, B Y t
- Tn trng H YTCC
- Tn ti: Phi ngn gn c th v nghin cu ci g, u, khi no? Thng
khng qu 30 t
- H v tn hc vin.
- H v tn ngi hng dn khoa hc

Trang mc lc
Trang danh mc cc ch vit tt
Tm tt cng nghin cu:
Ngn gn trong 1 trang, bao gm: l do tin hnh nghin cu, cu hi nghin cu,
mc tiu, phng php nghin cu (i tng, a im, thi gian, cch thu thp
thng tin).
1. t vn :
1.1. Thng tin chung lin quan vn nghin cu
1.2. Trnh by cc thng tin, s liu v vn sc kho/lin quan sc kho cn gii
quyt. Thng thng cc thng tin sp xp theo th t: tnh hnh th gii, Vit nam,
tnh/ thnh ph, a phng ni tin hnh nghin cu.
1.3. cp cc nghin cu trong v ngoi nc tham kho, phng php, kt
qu, hn ch (nu r nhng g c gii quyt, nhng g cn tn ti)

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1.4. Nu r nghin cu ny nhm gii quyt vn g.

1.5. S cy vn v/hoc khung l thuyt: Ch nghin cu l trung tm, nu
y cc yu t lin quan, tc ng. Cy vn phi phn nh vn nghin cu
thc t ti a phng ch khng phi l cy vn l thuyt chung chung. Lu :
trong trng hp ti khng bao ph ht cc ni dung ch trong cy vn m
ch d nh khu tr vo mt / mt s phn th cng cn nu r iu .
1.6. Vit trch dn ti liu tham kho theo s th t ti liu danh mc Ti liu
tham kho v c t trong ngoc vung, v d [12], khi cn c th ghi c s trang
ca ti liu tham kho, v d [12, tr.125-132]. i vi tham kho, trch dn t nhiu
ngun ti liu khc nhau, s ca tng ti liu c t c lp trong tng ngoc
vung theo th t tng dn, v d [6], [14], [22], [23] (theo qui nh ca B Gio
dc v o to v cch vit ti liu tham kho trong lun vn nghin cu sinh)
2. Mc tiu nghin cu: (gm mc tiu chung v mc tiu c th - bt buc phi
c mc tiu c th, vit gn trong 1 trang ring)
- Vit mc tiu phi m bo: c th, o lng c. Mc tiu dng ng t hnh
ng, ch r nghin cu nh lm g, u, thi gian no.
- Mc tiu phi nh theo s th t ch khng gch u dng.
3. Phng php nghin cu:
Phn ny p dng cho c thit k nghin cu nh tnh v nh lng
3.1. i tng nghin cu . Xc nh r i tng nghin cu, tiu chun la chn,
tiu chun khng la chn
3.2. Thi gian v a im nghin cu: Nu c th thi gian t thng nm bt u
n thng nm kt thc. a im bao gm tn n v, x/phng, qun/huyn tnh,
thnh ph.
3.3. Thit k: Nu s dng phng php nghin cu nh lng, nh tnh, hay c
hai, hay s dng s liu th cp, nghin cu bnh chng, m t hay phn tch, iu
tra nh gi, thng k hc, phng php l lun (Quy np, suy din, phn tch, tng
hp) v.v.
3.4. Trnh by phng php chn mu: Chn mu ngu nhin n, hay mu ngu
nhin h thng, mu cm, mu phn tng, chn mu mt giai on hay nhiu giai

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on v.v. Tnh ton c mu cn thit v ti u ph hp vi mc tiu ca ti. M

t chi tit cch thc chn mu.
3.5. Trnh by phng php thu thp s liu: phng vn hay t in, quan st, tho
lun nhm, s dng h s/bo co/ti liu c sn (lp bng sn in s liu tng
hp vo), v.v.
3.6. Cc bin s nghin cu: Trnh by phn bin s nghin cu thnh bng, gm
mc tiu c th, tn bin s, nh ngha bin, phn loi, phng php thu thp. i
chiu vi mc tiu m bo cc bin s p ng c mc tiu nghin cu.
Cc bin s s l cn c pht trin cc phiu hi v cc bng trng trong k
hoch phn tch s liu.
3.7. Cc khi nim, thc o, tiu chun nh gi (nu c)
3.8. Phng php phn tch s liu: Lm sch s liu nh th no, s dng phn
mm no nhp s liu, phn tch .
3.9. Vn o c ca nghin cu
3.10. Hn ch ca nghin cu, sai s v bin php khc phc sai s
4. K hoch nghin cu v kinh ph
4.1. K hoch nghin cu: bao gm ni dung hot ng, thi gian thc hin, ngi
thc hin, ngi gim st, kt qu d kin
4.2. Ngun kinh ph nghin cu
5. D kin kt qu, bn lun, kt lun v khuyn ngh
Kt qu nghin cu: cc kt qu d kin t c theo tng mc tiu. Lp cc bng
trng cho kt qu d kin ca nghin cu. Cc bng trng ny c tiu , cc hng
ct nu r ch tiu, bin s nghin cu. Nu cc k thut thng k s dng trong khi
phn tch s liu.
6. Ti liu tham kho: gm a/ Ti liu ting Vit, b/ Ti liu ting Anh Php, Nga
.v.v. (nu c)
-

Ti liu tham kho gm: sch, cc n phm, tp ch, hoc trang Web c v
c trch dn hoc c s dng hnh thnh tng nghin cu. Lu :
Hc vin ch trch dn trc tip, khng trch li t ngun khc. t nht phi c
50% ti liu tham kho c xut bn trong 10 nm gn y.
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Trnh t sp xp (theo qui nh B Gio dc): Ti liu tham kho c xp ring

theo tng ngn ng ( Vit Anh, Php, c Nga, Trung, Nht...) Cc ti liu
bng ting nc ngoi phi gi nguyn vn, khng phin m, khng dch, k c
ti liu bng ting Trung Quc, Nht...( i vi nhng ti liu bng ngn ng
cn t ngi bit c th them phn dch ting Vit i km mi ti liu). Ti liu
tham kho xp theo th t A B C H tn tc gi ca ti liu tham kho theo qui
nh sau:
Tc gi l ngi nc ngoi xp th t A B C theo h.
Tc gi l ngi Vit Nam xp th t ABC theo tn nhng vn
gi nguyn th t thng thng ca tn ngi Vit Nam, khng
o tn ln trc h.
Ti liu khng c tn tc gi th xp theo th t ABC t u ca
tn c quan ban hnh bo co hay n phm, v d: Tng cc
Thng k xp vo vn T, B Gio dc & o to xp vo vn B...

- Ti liu tham kho l sch, lun n, bo co phi ghi y cc thng tin sau:
Tn cc tc gi hoc c quan ban hnh (khng c du ngn cch)
(Nm xut bn), (t trong ngoc n, du phy sau ngoc n)
Tn sch, lun n hoc bo co, (in nghing, du phy cui tn)
Nh xut bn, (du phy cui tn nh xut bn)
Ni xut bn, (du chm kt thc ti liu tham kho)
- Ti liu tham kho l bi bo trong tp ch, trong mt cun sch... ghi y cc
thng tin sau:
Tn cc tc gi (khng c du ngn cch)
(nm cng b) (t trong ngoc n, du phy sau ngoc n)
"Tn bi bo" (t trong ngoc kp, khng in nghing, du phy
cui tn)
Tn tp ch hoc tn sch (in nghing, du phy cui tn)

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 Tp (khng c du ngn cch)

(s), (t trong ngoc n, du phy sau ngoc n)
Cc s trang. (gch ngang gia hai ch s, du chm kt thc)
- Ti liu tham kho l cc trang Web: Nu tn bi vit, ng dn, ngy truy
cp/hoc ti xung

Ph lc
Ph lc 1: Phiu hi
Ph lc 2: Ni dng gi tho lun nhm/phng vn su
Ph lc 3: D tr kinh ph, vt t, trang thit b phc v nghin cu
Ph lc 4: K hoch nghin cu
Ph lc 5:

Lu :
-

cng phi sng sa, r rng, mch lc khng khc g lun vn, phi nh
my trn giy kh A4 (21 29,7 cm)

Font ch Unicode (Time New Roman), c ch 13, dng n.

L tri cch 3,5 cm, l phi 2 cm, l trn 3,5 cm, l di 3 cm. S trang c
nh gia pha trn u mi trang giy, nh s t phn t vn (theo ch
s rp 1, 2, 3). Nu c bng biu, hnh v trnh by theo chiu ngang kh giy
th u bng l l tri ca trang, nhng nn hn ch trnh by theo cch ny.

Phi ng thnh quyn c ba nh hng dn

Lp cng khng phi l lit k cc vn hay phiu cu hi, m l mt k

hoch nghin cu hon chnh, cc thnh phn ca cng gn lin vi nhau
ph thuc ln nhau. Lp cng nghin cu cng chi tit bao nhiu cng tt v
d dng khi ta tin hnh nghin cu v vit lun vn by nhiu.

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Khi lp cng, nghin cu vin phi tnh n nhng tnh hung bt trc khi
tin hnh nh thi tit, khng ngi, thiu nguyn vt liu, thiu tin, k
thut...

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Mu ba ngoi ca cng nghin cu

B GIO DC V O TO - B Y T
TRNG I HC Y T CNG CNG

H tn (hc vin thc hin )

TN TI

cng nghin cu BT1/ cng Lun vn thc s y t cng cng/

cng Lun vn Chuyn khoa I y t cng cng

H Ni, 200...

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Mu trang ba trong cng

(Bn trong ba cng), kh giy A4 (21 29.7 cm)
B GIO DC V O TO - B Y T
TRNG I HC Y T CNG CNG

H tn (hc vin thc hin)

TN TI
cng nghin cu BT1/ cng Lun vn thc s y t cng cng/
cng Lun vn Chuyn khoa I y t cng cng
M s: ( cng BT1 cao hc khng cn m s)

Hng dn khoa hc:

H Ni, 200...

-9-

Mu trang mc lc
MC LC
Trang
TM TT CNG.............................................................................................4
T VN ............................................................................................................6
MC TIU NGHIN CU:......................................................................................8
1. Mc tiu chung:.......................................................................................................8
2. Mc tiu c th:.......................................................................................................8
Phn I. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU :................................................................9
1. i tng nghin cu : ..........................................................................................9
2. Thi gian v a im nghin cu :....9
3. Phng php nghin cu:........................................................................................9
4. Phng php chn mu:..........................................................................................9
5. Phng php thu thp s liu................................................................................10
6. Phng php phn tch s liu ..............................................................................10
7. Cc bin s nghin cu : ......................................................................................12
8. Tiu chun nh gi chung v KAP phng chng HIV/AIDS : ......18
Phn II. D KIN KT QU NGHIN CU, BN LUN V KHUYN NGH
1. Kt qu nghin cu (mt s bng trng) v bn lun ..22
2. Kt lun v khuyn ngh : .......23
HN CH CA NGHIN CU, SAI S V BIN PHP KHC PHC :. .......24
VN O C TRONG NGHIN CU: ......................................................25
NHNG NG GP CA NGHIN CU:..........................................................26
TI LIU THAM KHO: .......27

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PH LC : ...31
Ph lc 1: Phiu hi
Ph lc 2: Ni dng gi tho lun nhm/phng vn su
Ph lc 3: D tr kinh ph, vt t, trang thit b phc v nghin cu
Ph lc 4: K hoch nghin cu
Ph lc 5: .

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Mu trang danh mc ch vit tt (cn sp xp theo vn ABC)

DANH MC CC CH VIT TT
AIDS

Hi chng suy gim min dch mc phi ngi do nhim HIV

BCS

Bao cao su

CBYT

Cn b y t

CCVC

Cng chc, vin chc

CLB

Cu lc b

HYTCC

i hc Y t cng cng

TNC

i tng nghin cu

GDDN

Gio dc dy ngh

GMD

Gi mi dm

HIV

Tn loi virus gy hi chng suy gim min dch mc phi ngi

KAP

Kin thc, thi , thc hnh

NXB

Nh xut bn

PTTH

Ph thng trung hc

QHTD

Quan h tnh dc

SAVY

iu tra quc gia v v thnh nin v thanh nin Vit Nam

SKSS

Sc khe sinh sn

STD

Cc bnh ly truyn qua ng tnh dc

THCN

Trung hc chuyn nghip

TTYT

Trung tm y t

UNAIDS

y ban phng chng AIDS lin hp quc

VTN

V thnh nin

XN

Xt nghim

WHO

T chc Y t th gii

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Mu cy vn : Cc yu t tc ng ti t l b iu tr cao bnh nhn lao

CC YU T DCH V

CC YU T LIN QUAN TI BNH TT

S ch dn khng
ph hp
Gim st
khng cht
ch
o to khng
y
Hiu bit, nhn
thc km
Ch iu tr
khng ph hp

Bnh cnh nng

(triu chng,
du hiu sm)

p ng i vi
iu tr (khng p
ng hay gim nhanh
cc triu chng)

Cung ng thuc
khng thng
xuyn

Cht lng dch

v km

CC YU T KINH T V VN HO
X HI

T L B IU TR
CAO CA BNH
NHN LAO

Tnh sn c ca cc
loi iu tr lao khc
trong cng ng

S thiu hiu bit ca

cng ng v du
hiu, nguyn nhn v
hu qu ca bnh
Tui

S thiu hiu bit

ca bnh nhn v
cc yu cu iu tr

T vn khng
y

S gip v ng
vin khng y
t pha h hng
ngi bnh

t ngi ti cc c s
khm v iu tr
Chi ph i li cao
Ngi n khm
phi i lu

(thi gian v tin bc)

Gi bt u lm vic
khng thun tin

S thiu hiu bit v

thiu h tr t pha
cn b cp trn ca
ngi bnh

Gii
Trnh
hc vn

Thnh phn
gia nh
Ngh nghip

Mu m hnh/khung l thuyt
M hnh l thuyt v cc yu t gy tng nguy c tai bin v t vong m
( WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF)
YU T NH HNG

Yu t vn ho/x hi/kinh t
(kin thc ca b m v cng
ng, phong tc tp qun.

CC GIAI ON CHM
TR
Chm pht hin nguy
c v quyt nh s
dng dch v

Phng tin chuyn tuyn,

ng x, gi c, s sn c
ca dch v)

Chm tip cn c s
y t

C s vt cht, trang thit b,

thuc, trnh cn b y t

Chm trong vic

chm sc v ra quyt
nh iu tr

Mu d tr kinh ph nghin cu chi tit

D TR KINH PH NGHIN CU
STT

NI DUNG

DIN GII

THNH
TIN (ng)

Thu thp thng tin ban 30.000/ngi/ngy x 03 ngi x

u
05 ngy

450.000

Lm vic nhm xc 30.000/ngi/ngy x 15 ngi x

nh vn nghin cu 01 ngy

450.000

iu tra th

50.000/TV x 02 TV

100.000

Tp hun iu tra

50.000/ngi/ngy x 32 ngi x
01 ngy

1.600.000

iu tra thu thp s liu

4.000/phiu x 407 phiu

1.628.000

In n

1.000/trang x (40 tr cng +

70 tr bo co) x 05 ln chnh sa

Vn phng phm

500.000

200.000

Tng cng

4.928.000

(Bng ch : Bn triu, chn trm, hai mi tm ngn ng)

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Mu v vit ti liu tham kho

Ting Vit
1. Lng Th Lan Anh (2004), Nghin cu tn sut v bt thng nhim sc th ca bnh
chm pht trin tm thn c tnh gia nh ti mt s vng dn c Vit Nam, Bo co ti hi
ngh khoa hc cng ngh tui tr cc trng i hc y dc Vit Nam ln th 12.
2. B y t - D n h tr y t quc gia (2000), Sc kho sinh sn, tp 1, NXB Y hc, tr 1720.
3. B y t (2001), Bng phn loi quc t bnh tt, tr 254-255, NXB Y hc, H Ni.
4. Phm Dng (2003), Thc trng tn tt v phc hi chc nng ngi tn tt ti gia nh
hai x huyn tin du tnh bc ninh nm 2003 , Lun vn thc s y t cng cng, i hc y t
cng cng.
5. ng c nh, Hong Quc Vng (1996), Kt qu iu tra tnh hnh tn tt ca ng
bo cc dn tc min ni pha Bc , K yu cng trnh nghin cu khoa hc - Hi PHCN
Vit Nam
6. Trn Th Thu H v cs (1999), Bc u nghin cu mt s yu t nguy c gy bi no
tr em Vit Nam, K yu cng trnh nghin cu khoa hc - Hi PHCN Vit Nam, Nh
xut bn Y hc.
7. Trn Th Thu H (2002), Nghin cu mt s c im dch t, lm sng v nhu cu phc
hi chc nng tr bi no, Lun n tin s y hc, i hc y H Ni .
8. Hi phc hi chc nng Vit Nam (1996), Phc hi chc nng da vo cng ng, Nh
xut bn Y hc .
9. Nguyn L Tun v cng s (1999), Kho st tnh hnh tn tt ti qun Hi Chu thnh
ph Nng, K yu cng trnh nghin cu khoa hc - Hi PHCN Vit Nam, Nh xut
bn Y hc.
10. Tng hi y dc hc Vit Nam (1991), Phc hi chc nng, Nh xut bn Y hc.
11. Trn Trng Hi (1997), Phc hi chc nng cho tr chm pht trin tinh thn, Cm nang
iu tr nhi khoa, tr 524-531, Nh xut bn y hc, H Ni.

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Ting Anh
12. Central Census Steering Committee (1999), 1999 Population and Housing
Census: Sample Results, Statistical Publishing House, Vietnam.
13. Care International in Vietnam (1993), The risk of AIDS in Vietnam An
Audience Analysis of Urban Men and Sex Workers, Monograph No.1. Care
International.
14. Do H.T., John S, Nguyen T V. (1993), Pregnancy Termination and
Contraceptive Failure in Vietnam, Asia- Pacific Population Journal, 8, 4: 3-18.
15. General Statistics Office (1995), Vietnam Intercensal Demographic Survey:
Major Findings. Statistical Publishing House.
16. Khuat, H.T. (1998), Responding to the Reproductive Health Needs of
Adolescents and Youth in Vietnam, Presented at the Technical Meeting on
Reproductive Health Policy-makers and Researchers on Reproductive Health
Needs of Adolescents and Youth in the Asian Sub-Region, Bangkok, Thailand.
17. Kirby, D. (2001), Emerging Answers: Research Findings on Programs to
Reduce Sexual Risk-Taking and Teen Pregnancy. Washington, D.C.: The
National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy Task Force on Effective
Programs and Research.
18. Magnani, R.J., Karim, A.M.,Weiss, L.A., Bond, K.C., Lemba, M., and
Morgan, G.T. (2002), Reproductive Health Risk and Protective Factors among
Youth in Lusaka, Zambia. Journal of Adolescent Health 2002;30(1):76-86.
19. Mensch, B.S., Clark, W.H., Dang A N. (2002), Premarital Sex in Vietnam: Is
the Current Concern with Adolescent Reproductive Health Warranted, Working
Paper Series No. 163 Policy Research Division, Population Council.
20. Turner, C. F., L. Ku, M. Rogers, L.D. Lindberg, J.H. Pleck, and F.L.
Sonenstein (1998), Adolescent sexual behavior, drug use and violence:
increased reporting with computer survey technology, Science 280: 867-873.
21. U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment (1988), Infertility: Medical
and Social Choices. OTA-BA-358, Washington, DC: Government Printing
Office, May 1988. Available at http://www.wws.princeton.edu/cgibin/byteserv.prl/~ota/disk2/1988/8822.html. Accessed January 16, 2004.
22. Van de Wiggert, J., Padian, N., Shiboski, S. and Turner, C (2000), Is audio
computer assisted self interviewing a future method of surverying in Zimbabwe.
International Journal of Epidemiology, 2000, 29:885-890.
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